EP3442858A1 - Fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure - Google Patents

Fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure

Info

Publication number
EP3442858A1
EP3442858A1 EP17718039.5A EP17718039A EP3442858A1 EP 3442858 A1 EP3442858 A1 EP 3442858A1 EP 17718039 A EP17718039 A EP 17718039A EP 3442858 A1 EP3442858 A1 EP 3442858A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jaw
anchoring element
control
fairlead
finger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17718039.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3442858B1 (en
Inventor
Arnaud TROUVE
Jean-Luc Menet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Naval Energies SAS
Original Assignee
Naval Energies SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Naval Energies SAS filed Critical Naval Energies SAS
Publication of EP3442858A1 publication Critical patent/EP3442858A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3442858B1 publication Critical patent/EP3442858B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B63B21/10—Fairleads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/18—Stoppers for anchor chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fairlead.
  • the invention relates to a fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure, such as a floating structure, to an anchor point.
  • this invention may relate to a fairlead associated with an offshore structure, such as for example floating energy production or other supports, construction platforms, drilling platforms, buoys of loading and unloading or even floating platforms for the exploitation of marine renewable energies, such as for example installations based on offshore wind turbines or plants producing energy based on thermal energy of the seas ...
  • an offshore structure such as for example floating energy production or other supports, construction platforms, drilling platforms, buoys of loading and unloading or even floating platforms for the exploitation of marine renewable energies, such as for example installations based on offshore wind turbines or plants producing energy based on thermal energy of the seas ...
  • Such floating structures must be maintained in position, while they are subjected to different forces and in particular to drifting forces generated for example by marine currents, swell, winds ...
  • anchoring means implementing a set of anchor lines formed in whole or in part of chains, particularly at their ends.
  • Such lines are then arranged for example regularly around the structure to be moored or anchored, and extend between this structure and respective mooring and anchoring points, for example on the bottom.
  • fairleads are in fact mechanical devices which comprise means for fixing and hooking on the floating structure and means for guiding a chain.
  • fairleads are also associated in one way or another with means for energizing these chains and means for blocking the chains in order to moor this structure.
  • the energizing means may comprise for example winches or windlasses or others.
  • the chain blocking means are also known in the state of the art as chain stoppers.
  • document FR A 2 984 272 describes a fairlead for such an application.
  • this fairlead comprises means for guiding the anchoring element, which is in the form of a chain, and locking means in position of this chain, comprising means in the form of a locking jaw comprising two locking jaws, movable by actuating means actuated by control means, between an active position of translational locking of the anchoring element and an open position of release of this anchoring element .
  • these jaw-shaped means comprise two locking jaws which are moved by the actuating means actuated by the control means, between a closed active position of locking in translation of the chain and an open retracted position of this release. chain.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.
  • the subject of the invention is a guide fairing of an anchoring element of an offshore structure, such as a floating structure, at an anchor point, of the type comprising guide means anchoring element and locking means in position of this anchoring element, comprising means in the form of a locking jaw comprising two locking jaws displaceable by operating means actuated by control means, between a closed position of locking in translation of the anchoring element and an open position of release of the anchoring element, characterized in that the control means are impulse control means and in that the operating means comprise ratchet means defining successive stable open and closed positions, jaw-shaped means .
  • the control means comprises a traction cable of a control finger jaw-shaped means, movable along a closed path defining with the ratchet means, the two stable positions of the jaw-shaped means;
  • the ratchet means comprise a first ratchet defining for the finger a stable opening position of the jaw-shaped means
  • the ratchet means comprise a second non-return pawl for guiding the finger in a free return path from it to a stable position for closing the jaw-shaped means;
  • the finger has ends adapted to move in guide grooves formed in two flanges facing a control box jaw-shaped means;
  • control box is fixed on one side of the guide means of the fairlead
  • the finger is connected to the jaw-shaped means by a control cable;
  • control cable is connected to operating levers of the jaws of the jaw-shaped means
  • the levers comprise notched sails coupled to synchronize their movements and those of the jaws of the jaw-shaped means;
  • the operating means comprise counterweight means, coupled to the jaw means for biasing them in the closed position.
  • FIG. 1 represents a schematic side view of an offshore structure equipped with at least one fairlead according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of a portion of such an offshore structure showing the implantation of a fairlead according to the invention thereon,
  • FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a fairlead according to the invention
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views of details of jaw-shaped means forming part of a fairlead according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show respectively side and perspective views of a control box forming part of a fairlead according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 an offshore structure such as for example a floating structure, which is designated by the general reference 1, has been illustrated.
  • This structure 1 is moored on the bottom 2, by means of anchoring and mooring means.
  • anchoring and docking means comprise for example anchor lines, constituted for example by chains.
  • One of these mooring and anchoring chains is for example designated by the general reference 3.
  • this chain 3 is associated with an anchor and docking point on the bottom 2, and its other end is associated with the floating structure, for example through a fairlead, designated by the reference general 5 in this figure 1.
  • Such anchor lines and mooring and such fairleads are for example regularly distributed around the floating structure 1 and then allow to anchor and moor it on the bottom, to keep it in position.
  • the floating offshore structure designated by the general reference 1 is recognized, the anchoring and anchoring line thereof, constituted by the chain designated by the general reference 3, and the designated fairlead. by the general reference 5.
  • This fairlead 5 then makes it possible, for example, to guide the anchoring element 3, to put it under tension and to lock it in position, in order to keep the offshore structure in position, as has been described previously.
  • FIG. 3 shows a possible embodiment of such a fairlead.
  • This guide fairlead is always designated by the general reference 5 in this FIG.
  • This guide fairing 5 then comprises fixing means on the floating structure, these fixing means being designated by the general reference 10 in this FIG.
  • These fixing means 10 comprise any suitable mounting plate, intended to be fixed for example by welding, bolting or other, on the floating structure.
  • Means 1 1 for guiding the anchoring element 3 are mounted, for example, in an articulated manner on this fixing plate 10.
  • These guide means 1 1 then comprise means for guiding the anchoring element in translation in the fairlead, making it possible to tension this anchoring element.
  • these guide means 1 1 also comprise locking means capable of blocking the translation of the anchoring element in the guide means, for mooring the offshore and for example floating structure, on the corresponding anchoring point.
  • the locking means are designated by the general reference 12 and comprise jaw-shaped means for locking the anchoring element.
  • jaw-shaped means are designated by the general reference 13 in these figures and comprise for example two locking jaws, respectively 14 and 15, which are hinged to the rest of the fairlead.
  • These locking jaws 14 and 15 are movable by operating means, actuated by control means, between a closed locking position in translation of the anchoring element 3 and an open position of release of this anchoring element. .
  • control means of these locking means must maintain an action on the operating means to keep them in the open position of release of the anchoring element.
  • the jaw-like means are closed under the effect for example of an elastic bias or a counterweight or other, to lock the anchoring element.
  • control means are impulse control means and the operating means comprise ratchet means defining successive stable open and closed positions, means in the form of a jaw. It will be understood that, depending on the operation of these means, the successive pulses of the control means make it possible to control a tilting of the operating means between the successive stable open and closed positions of the means in the form of a jaw.
  • ratchet means are used which will be described in more detail.
  • This traction cable 17 is in fact a cable which allows, for example, an operator to control the opening or closing position of the jaw-shaped means 13.
  • this traction cable 17 serves to maneuver a control finger 18 jaw-shaped means, this finger being associated with the ratchet means designated by the general reference 16.
  • ratchet means 16 themselves comprise an output control cable, designated by the general reference 19, connected for example to the control finger 18 and for controlling the jaw-shaped means 13.
  • the traction cable designated by the general reference 17 allows, as is illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, to move the control finger 18 of the jaw means 13 between stable positions of opening and closing. closing of these.
  • control means and more particularly the ratchet means designated by the general reference 16 are in fact provided in a control box, designated by the general reference 20, fixed on one side of the fairlead.
  • this control box 20 comprises a fitting, fixed for example by screwing or otherwise on the rest of the fairlead and more particularly on one side thereof and more specifically still on one side of the guide means 1 1 of the fairlead.
  • This control box 20 then comprises two flanges such as for example flanges 21 and 22, facing one another and between which is disposed the control finger 18 means jaw-shaped.
  • This control finger 18 is then movable between the flanges 21 and 22 of the control box 20, along a path of travel 23 defined for example according to the shape of a closed contour path, by guide grooves formed in the surfaces opposite these two flanges 21 and 22.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of such a groove, which is designated by the general reference 24 and which is formed in the flange 21 of the housing 20, is illustrated in FIG.
  • control finger 18 is then movable along a closed path which defines with the ratchet means 16 two stable positions of the jaw-shaped means 13.
  • the ratchet means comprise a first pawl designated for example by the general reference 25, provided between the flanges 21 and 22 of the control box.
  • This first pawl 25 is then pivotally mounted in the control box, which allows, for example when the control finger 18 moves forward, between the flanges 21 and 22 of the housing, to the first pawl 25 s'. retract, to let the control finger 18, before returning to the locking position thereof in a stable position corresponding to the open stable position of the jaws and thus jaw-shaped means for releasing the anchor element .
  • control finger 18 has controlled the opening of the jaw-shaped means 13, and if the traction cable 17 is released, the control finger 18 bears against this first pawl 25.
  • This first pawl 25 keeps the control finger 18 in this open position PO jaw-shaped means 13.
  • This second pawl 27 is in fact a non-return pawl for guiding the control finger 18 in a free return path from it to its stable closing position PF of the jaw-shaped means.
  • the grooves of the flanges and for example the groove 24 of the flange 21, in fact comprise two path portions, namely a first path portion allowing the control finger 18, following a first pulse traction on the control cable 17, to move from its stable closing position PF jaw-shaped means, at its stable opening position PO of these jaw-shaped means, crossing the first pawl 25 and being held in this stable opening position by the first pawl.
  • control finger 18 Following a second pulling pulse on the control cable 17, the control finger 18 then passes the second pawl 27, and the action can then be released on this control cable to allow the finger 18, guided by the second non-return pawl, to follow the return path of this finger 18, to its stable position of closure means jaw-shaped and thus blocking the anchoring element of the structure.
  • This control finger 18 is then connected, as previously indicated, by a control cable to the jaw-shaped means 13.
  • This control cable is for example illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 and is designated by the reference 29.
  • this control cable 29 is adapted to actuate operating levers of the jaws 14 and 15 jaw-shaped means 13.
  • Each of these levers 30 and 31 is then adapted to actuate one of the jaws of the jaw-shaped means and / or rotate them between their closed position and their open position.
  • a single control cable 29 is used to move for example the lever 30.
  • the two levers 30 and 31 in fact comprise notched sails such as the webs 32 and 33, as illustrated in this FIG. 4.
  • notched sails 32 and 33 are then coupled to one another and actuated by means of a single control cable 29, while being synchronized in their movements.
  • the means for maneuvering the jaws of the jaw-shaped means also comprise, for example, counterweight means, which are coupled for example to the jaw-shaped means 13, to urge them into the closed position and thus to locking the anchoring element and anchoring the structure.
  • these counterweight means are designated by the general reference 40.
  • These counterweight means 40 are for example associated with the jaw-shaped means, for example at their hinge means on the rest of the fairlead, to urge them in the closed position.
  • impulse control means are used for the opening and closing of the jaw-shaped means.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

This fairlead (5) for guiding an anchoring element (3) of an offshore structure, such as a floating structure, at an anchoring point, of the type having means (11) for guiding the anchoring element (3) and means (12) for locking said anchoring element in position, having means (13) in the form of a locking jaw comprising two locking jaw elements that are movable by manoeuvring means actuated by control means, between a closed position preventing the anchoring element from moving in translation and an open position releasing the anchoring element, is characterized in that the control means are impulse-type control means, and in that the manoeuvring means comprise pawl means (16) that define successive stable open and closed positions of the means (13) in the form of a jaw.

Description

Chaumard de guidage d'un élément d'ancrage d'une structure offshore  Guide block of an anchoring element of an offshore structure
La présente invention concerne un chaumard. The present invention relates to a fairlead.
De façon plus spécifique, l'invention concerne un chaumard de guidage d'un élément d'ancrage d'une structure offshore, telle qu'une structure flottante, à un point d'ancrage.  More specifically, the invention relates to a fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure, such as a floating structure, to an anchor point.
De façon plus particulière, cette invention peut se rapporter à un chaumard associé à une structure offshore, telle que par exemple des supports flottants de production d'énergie ou autres, des plateformes de construction, des plateformes de forage, des bouées de chargement et de déchargement voire des plateformes flottantes pour l'exploitation des énergies marines renouvelables, telles que par exemple des installations à base d'éoliennes offshore ou encore des usines de production d'énergie à base d'énergie thermique des mers...  More particularly, this invention may relate to a fairlead associated with an offshore structure, such as for example floating energy production or other supports, construction platforms, drilling platforms, buoys of loading and unloading or even floating platforms for the exploitation of marine renewable energies, such as for example installations based on offshore wind turbines or plants producing energy based on thermal energy of the seas ...
De telles structures flottantes doivent être maintenues en position, alors qu'elles sont soumises à différentes forces et en particulier à des efforts de dérive engendrés par exemple par des courants marins, la houle, les vents...  Such floating structures must be maintained in position, while they are subjected to different forces and in particular to drifting forces generated for example by marine currents, swell, winds ...
Pour maintenir ces structures en position par exemple sur un site d'exploitation, on utilise par exemple des moyens d'ancrage mettant en œuvre un ensemble de lignes d'ancrage constituées en totalité ou en partie de chaînes en particulier à leurs extrémités.  To maintain these structures in position for example on an operating site, use is made for example of anchoring means implementing a set of anchor lines formed in whole or in part of chains, particularly at their ends.
De telles lignes sont alors disposées par exemple régulièrement autour de la structure à amarrer ou à ancrer, et s'étendent entre cette structure et des points d'amarrage et d'ancrage respectifs, par exemple sur le fond.  Such lines are then arranged for example regularly around the structure to be moored or anchored, and extend between this structure and respective mooring and anchoring points, for example on the bottom.
On conçoit alors que les lignes d'amarrage et d'ancrage dont les premières extrémités sous forme de chaîne sont accrochées sur ces points d'amarrage et d'ancrage, remontent jusqu'à l'unité flottante et sont associées à celle-ci, à travers des moyens de guidage d'entrée de chaînes.  It is then conceivable that the mooring and anchoring lines whose first ends in the form of chain are hooked on these mooring and anchoring points, go up to and are associated with the floating unit, through channel input guiding means.
Ces moyens de guidage sont également connus dans le domaine technique, sous le nom de chaumards.  These guide means are also known in the technical field, under the name of fairleads.
Ces chaumards sont en effet des dispositifs mécaniques qui comportent des moyens de fixation et d'accrochage sur la structure flottante et des moyens de guidage d'une chaîne.  These fairleads are in fact mechanical devices which comprise means for fixing and hooking on the floating structure and means for guiding a chain.
Ces chaumards sont également associés d'une façon ou d'une autre, à des moyens de mise sous tension de ces chaînes et à des moyens de blocage des chaînes afin d'amarrer cette structure.  These fairleads are also associated in one way or another with means for energizing these chains and means for blocking the chains in order to moor this structure.
Les moyens de mise sous tension peuvent comporter par exemple des treuils ou des guindeaux ou autres. Les moyens de blocage des chaînes sont également appelés dans l'état de la technique, stoppeurs de chaînes. The energizing means may comprise for example winches or windlasses or others. The chain blocking means are also known in the state of the art as chain stoppers.
Différents modes de réalisation de ces différents moyens sont déjà connus dans l'état de la technique.  Different embodiments of these different means are already known in the state of the art.
Ainsi par exemple, le document FR A 2 984 272 décrit un chaumard pour une telle application.  For example, document FR A 2 984 272 describes a fairlead for such an application.
En fait et de façon générale, ce chaumard comporte des moyens de guidage de l'élément d'ancrage, qui se présente sous la forme d'une chaîne, et des moyens de verrouillage en position de cette chaîne, comportant des moyens en forme de mâchoire de blocage comprenant deux mors de blocage, déplaçables, par des moyens de manœuvre actionnés par des moyens de commande, entre une position active de blocage en translation de l'élément d'ancrage et une position ouverte de libération de cet élément d'ancrage.  In fact and in a general manner, this fairlead comprises means for guiding the anchoring element, which is in the form of a chain, and locking means in position of this chain, comprising means in the form of a locking jaw comprising two locking jaws, movable by actuating means actuated by control means, between an active position of translational locking of the anchoring element and an open position of release of this anchoring element .
En fait, ces moyens en forme de mâchoire comportent deux mors de blocage qui sont déplacés par les moyens de manœuvre actionnés par les moyens de commande, entre une position active fermée de blocage en translation de la chaîne et une position escamotée ouverte de libération de cette chaîne.  In fact, these jaw-shaped means comprise two locking jaws which are moved by the actuating means actuated by the control means, between a closed active position of locking in translation of the chain and an open retracted position of this release. chain.
Bien entendu d'autres exemples de réalisation de ces chaumards sont connus dans l'état de la technique.  Of course, other embodiments of these fairleads are known in the state of the art.
Cependant tous ces chaumards et en particulier les moyens de commande des moyens en forme de mâchoire de blocage, présentent un point commun.  However, all these fairleads and in particular the means for controlling the means in the form of a locking jaw have a common point.
En effet ils nécessitent le maintien d'une action et d'une commande sur un actionneur pour maintenir les moyens en forme de mâchoire, en position ouverte de libération de la chaîne.  Indeed, they require the maintenance of an action and a command on an actuator to maintain the jaw-shaped means in the open position of release of the chain.
On conçoit que ceci présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients au niveau de la fiabilité de fonctionnement du système et du maintien de l'alimentation par exemple d'un actionneur hydraulique ou pneumatique, etc., pour obtenir ce déblocage et la libération de l'élément d'ancrage.  It will be understood that this has a certain number of disadvantages in terms of the reliability of the operation of the system and the maintenance of the supply, for example of a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, etc., in order to obtain this release and the release of the anchoring element.
Le but de l'invention est donc de résoudre ces problèmes.  The object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un chaumard de guidage d'un élément d'ancrage d'une structure offshore, telle qu'une structure flottante, à un point d'ancrage, du type comportant des moyens de guidage de l'élément d'ancrage et des moyens de verrouillage en position de cet élément d'ancrage, comportant des moyens en forme de mâchoire de blocage comprenant deux mors de blocage déplaçables par des moyens de manœuvre actionnés par des moyens de commande, entre une position fermée de blocage en translation de l'élément d'ancrage et une position ouverte de libération de l'élément d'ancrage, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande sont des moyens de commande à impulsion et en ce que les moyens de manœuvre comprennent des moyens à cliquets définissant des positions stables successives ouverte et fermée, des moyens en forme de mâchoire. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a guide fairing of an anchoring element of an offshore structure, such as a floating structure, at an anchor point, of the type comprising guide means anchoring element and locking means in position of this anchoring element, comprising means in the form of a locking jaw comprising two locking jaws displaceable by operating means actuated by control means, between a closed position of locking in translation of the anchoring element and an open position of release of the anchoring element, characterized in that the control means are impulse control means and in that the operating means comprise ratchet means defining successive stable open and closed positions, jaw-shaped means .
Suivant d'autres caractéristiques du chaumard selon l'invention, prises seules ou en combinaison :  According to other characteristics of the fairlead according to the invention, taken alone or in combination:
- les moyens de commande comprennent un câble de traction d'un doigt de commande des moyens en forme de mâchoire, déplaçable le long d'un trajet fermé définissant avec les moyens à cliquets, les deux positions stables des moyens en forme de mâchoire ;  - The control means comprises a traction cable of a control finger jaw-shaped means, movable along a closed path defining with the ratchet means, the two stable positions of the jaw-shaped means;
- les moyens à cliquets comportent un premier cliquet définissant pour le doigt, une position stable d'ouverture des moyens en forme de mâchoire ;  the ratchet means comprise a first ratchet defining for the finger a stable opening position of the jaw-shaped means;
- les moyens à cliquets comportent un deuxième cliquet d'anti-retour, de guidage du doigt dans un trajet libre de retour de celui-ci vers une position stable de fermeture des moyens en forme de mâchoire ;  the ratchet means comprise a second non-return pawl for guiding the finger in a free return path from it to a stable position for closing the jaw-shaped means;
- le doigt comporte des extrémités adaptées pour se déplacer dans des rainures de guidage ménagées dans deux flasques en regard d'un boîtier de commande des moyens en forme de mâchoire ;  the finger has ends adapted to move in guide grooves formed in two flanges facing a control box jaw-shaped means;
- le boîtier de commande est fixé sur un côté des moyens de guidage du chaumard ;  the control box is fixed on one side of the guide means of the fairlead;
- le doigt est relié aux moyens en forme de mâchoire par un câble de commande ; the finger is connected to the jaw-shaped means by a control cable;
- le câble de commande est raccordé à des leviers de manœuvre des mors des moyens en forme de mâchoire ; the control cable is connected to operating levers of the jaws of the jaw-shaped means;
- les leviers comprennent des voiles crantés accouplés pour synchroniser leurs déplacements et ceux des mors des moyens en forme de mâchoire ;  the levers comprise notched sails coupled to synchronize their movements and those of the jaws of the jaw-shaped means;
- les moyens de manœuvre comprennent des moyens formant contrepoids, couplés aux moyens en forme de mâchoire pour les solliciter en position de fermeture.  - The operating means comprise counterweight means, coupled to the jaw means for biasing them in the closed position.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :  The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue schématique de côté, d'une structure offshore équipée d'au moins un chaumard selon l'invention,  FIG. 1 represents a schematic side view of an offshore structure equipped with at least one fairlead according to the invention,
- la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective d'une partie d'une telle structure offshore montrant l'implantation d'un chaumard selon l'invention sur celle-ci,  FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of a portion of such an offshore structure showing the implantation of a fairlead according to the invention thereon,
- la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un exemple de réalisation d'un chaumard selon l'invention, - les figures 4 et 5 représentent des vues en perspective de détails de moyens en forme de mâchoire entrant dans la constitution d'un chaumard selon l'invention ; et FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a fairlead according to the invention, FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views of details of jaw-shaped means forming part of a fairlead according to the invention; and
- les figures 6 et 7 représentent respectivement des vues de côté et en perspective d'un boîtier de commande entrant dans la constitution d'un chaumard selon l'invention.  - Figures 6 and 7 show respectively side and perspective views of a control box forming part of a fairlead according to the invention.
On a en effet illustré sur ces figures et en particulier sur la figure 1 , une structure offshore telle que par exemple une structure flottante, qui est désignée par la référence générale 1 .  In these figures and in particular in FIG. 1, an offshore structure such as for example a floating structure, which is designated by the general reference 1, has been illustrated.
Cette structure 1 est amarrée sur le fond 2, par l'intermédiaire de moyens d'ancrage et d'amarrage.  This structure 1 is moored on the bottom 2, by means of anchoring and mooring means.
Ces moyens d'ancrage et d'amarrage comprennent par exemple des lignes d'ancrage, constituées par exemple par des chaînes.  These anchoring and docking means comprise for example anchor lines, constituted for example by chains.
L'une de ces chaînes d'amarrage et d'ancrage est par exemple désignée par la référence générale 3.  One of these mooring and anchoring chains is for example designated by the general reference 3.
L'une des extrémités de cette chaîne 3 est associée à un point d'ancrage et d'amarrage sur le fond 2, et son autre extrémité est associée à la structure flottante, à travers par exemple un chaumard de guidage, désigné par la référence générale 5 sur cette figure 1 .  One of the ends of this chain 3 is associated with an anchor and docking point on the bottom 2, and its other end is associated with the floating structure, for example through a fairlead, designated by the reference general 5 in this figure 1.
De telles lignes d'ancrage et d'amarrage et de tels chaumards sont par exemple régulièrement répartis autour de la structure flottante 1 et permettent alors d'ancrer et d'amarrer celle-ci sur le fond, pour la maintenir en position.  Such anchor lines and mooring and such fairleads are for example regularly distributed around the floating structure 1 and then allow to anchor and moor it on the bottom, to keep it in position.
Sur la figure 2, on a représenté de façon plus détaillée, l'implantation d'un tel chaumard.  In Figure 2, there is shown in more detail, the implementation of such a fairlead.
Sur cette figure 2, on reconnaît en effet la structure offshore flottante, désignée par la référence générale 1 , la ligne d'ancrage et d'amarrage de celle-ci, constituée par la chaîne désignée par la référence générale 3, et le chaumard désigné par la référence générale 5.  In this FIG. 2, the floating offshore structure designated by the general reference 1 is recognized, the anchoring and anchoring line thereof, constituted by the chain designated by the general reference 3, and the designated fairlead. by the general reference 5.
Ce chaumard 5 permet alors par exemple de guider l'élément d'ancrage 3, de le mettre sous tension et de le bloquer en position, afin de maintenir la structure offshore en position, comme cela a été décrit précédemment.  This fairlead 5 then makes it possible, for example, to guide the anchoring element 3, to put it under tension and to lock it in position, in order to keep the offshore structure in position, as has been described previously.
On a représenté sur la figure 3, un exemple de réalisation possible d'un tel chaumard.  FIG. 3 shows a possible embodiment of such a fairlead.
Ce chaumard de guidage est toujours désigné par la référence générale 5 sur cette figure 3. Ce chaumard de guidage 5 comporte alors des moyens de fixation sur la structure flottante, ces moyens de fixation étant désignés par la référence générale 10 sur cette figure 3. This guide fairlead is always designated by the general reference 5 in this FIG. This guide fairing 5 then comprises fixing means on the floating structure, these fixing means being designated by the general reference 10 in this FIG.
Ces moyens de fixation 10 comprennent toute platine de fixation appropriée, destinée à être fixée par exemple par soudage, boulonnage ou autre, sur la structure flottante.  These fixing means 10 comprise any suitable mounting plate, intended to be fixed for example by welding, bolting or other, on the floating structure.
Des moyens 1 1 de guidage de l'élément d'ancrage 3 sont montés par exemple de façon articulée sur cette platine de fixation 10.  Means 1 1 for guiding the anchoring element 3 are mounted, for example, in an articulated manner on this fixing plate 10.
Ces moyens de guidage 1 1 comprennent alors des moyens de guidage en translation de l'élément d'ancrage dans le chaumard, permettant de mettre sous tension cet élément d'ancrage.  These guide means 1 1 then comprise means for guiding the anchoring element in translation in the fairlead, making it possible to tension this anchoring element.
De plus ces moyens de guidage 1 1 comprennent également des moyens de blocage aptes à bloquer la translation de l'élément d'ancrage dans les moyens de guidage, pour amarrer la structure offshore et par exemple flottante, sur le point d'ancrage correspondant.  In addition, these guide means 1 1 also comprise locking means capable of blocking the translation of the anchoring element in the guide means, for mooring the offshore and for example floating structure, on the corresponding anchoring point.
En fait et comme cela est illustré sur les figures 3, 4 et 5, les moyens de blocage sont désignés par la référence générale 12 et comportent des moyens en forme de mâchoire de blocage de l'élément d'ancrage.  In fact and as illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the locking means are designated by the general reference 12 and comprise jaw-shaped means for locking the anchoring element.
Ces moyens en forme de mâchoire sont désignés par la référence générale 13 sur ces figures et comprennent par exemple deux mors de blocage, respectivement 14 et 15, qui sont articulés sur le reste du chaumard.  These jaw-shaped means are designated by the general reference 13 in these figures and comprise for example two locking jaws, respectively 14 and 15, which are hinged to the rest of the fairlead.
Ces mors de blocage 14 et 15 sont déplaçables par des moyens de manœuvre, actionnés par des moyens de commande, entre une position fermée de blocage en translation de l'élément d'ancrage 3 et une position ouverte de libération de cet élément d'ancrage.  These locking jaws 14 and 15 are movable by operating means, actuated by control means, between a closed locking position in translation of the anchoring element 3 and an open position of release of this anchoring element. .
Comme cela a été indiqué précédemment, dans l'état de la technique, les moyens de commande de ces moyens de blocage doivent maintenir une action sur les moyens de manœuvre pour les maintenir en position ouverte de libération de l'élément d'ancrage.  As previously indicated, in the state of the art, the control means of these locking means must maintain an action on the operating means to keep them in the open position of release of the anchoring element.
Si l'action n'est pas maintenue, les moyens en forme de mâchoire se referment sous l'effet par exemple d'une sollicitation élastique ou d'un contrepoids ou autre, pour bloquer l'élément d'ancrage.  If the action is not maintained, the jaw-like means are closed under the effect for example of an elastic bias or a counterweight or other, to lock the anchoring element.
Dans le chaumard selon l'invention, les moyens de commande sont des moyens de commande à impulsion et les moyens de manœuvre comprennent des moyens à cliquets définissant des positions stables successives ouverte et fermée, des moyens en forme de mâchoire. On conçoit alors que selon le fonctionnement de ces moyens, les impulsions successives des moyens de commande permettent de commander un basculement des moyens de manœuvre entre les positions stables successives ouverte et fermée des moyens en forme de mâchoire. In the fairlead according to the invention, the control means are impulse control means and the operating means comprise ratchet means defining successive stable open and closed positions, means in the form of a jaw. It will be understood that, depending on the operation of these means, the successive pulses of the control means make it possible to control a tilting of the operating means between the successive stable open and closed positions of the means in the form of a jaw.
A cet effet, on utilise par exemple des moyens à cliquets qui vont être décrits plus en détails.  For this purpose, for example, ratchet means are used which will be described in more detail.
Un exemple de réalisation de tels moyens à cliquets, désignés par la référence générale 16, est en effet donné sur ces figures.  An exemplary embodiment of such pawl means, designated by the general reference 16, is in fact given in these figures.
En particulier sur la figure 3, on voit que ces moyens 16 sont reliés par l'intermédiaire d'un câble de traction 17 au reste de la structure.  In particular in Figure 3, we see that these means 16 are connected by means of a traction cable 17 to the rest of the structure.
Ce câble de traction 17 est en fait un câble qui permet par exemple à un opérateur, de commander la position d'ouverture ou de fermeture des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13.  This traction cable 17 is in fact a cable which allows, for example, an operator to control the opening or closing position of the jaw-shaped means 13.
Dans l'invention, ce câble de traction 17 sert à manœuvrer un doigt de commande 18 des moyens en forme de mâchoire, ce doigt étant associé aux moyens à cliquets désignés par la référence générale 16.  In the invention, this traction cable 17 serves to maneuver a control finger 18 jaw-shaped means, this finger being associated with the ratchet means designated by the general reference 16.
Ces moyens à cliquets 16 comprennent eux-mêmes un câble de commande de sortie, désigné par la référence générale 19, relié par exemple au doigt de commande 18 et permettant de piloter les moyens en forme de mâchoire 13.  These ratchet means 16 themselves comprise an output control cable, designated by the general reference 19, connected for example to the control finger 18 and for controlling the jaw-shaped means 13.
En fait, le câble de traction désigné par la référence générale 17, permet comme cela est illustré sur les figures 6 et 7, de déplacer le doigt de commande 18 des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13, entre des positions stables d'ouverture et de fermeture de ceux-ci.  In fact, the traction cable designated by the general reference 17 allows, as is illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, to move the control finger 18 of the jaw means 13 between stable positions of opening and closing. closing of these.
Comme cela est illustré sur ces figures 6 et 7, les moyens de commande et plus particulièrement les moyens à cliquets désignés par la référence générale 16, sont en fait prévus dans un boîtier de commande, désigné par la référence générale 20, fixé sur un côté du chaumard.  As illustrated in these figures 6 and 7, the control means and more particularly the ratchet means designated by the general reference 16, are in fact provided in a control box, designated by the general reference 20, fixed on one side of the fairlead.
Ainsi, par exemple, ce boîtier de commande 20 comporte une ferrure, fixée par exemple par vissage ou autre sur le reste du chaumard et plus particulièrement sur un côté de celui-ci et de façon plus spécifique encore sur un côté des moyens de guidage 1 1 du chaumard.  Thus, for example, this control box 20 comprises a fitting, fixed for example by screwing or otherwise on the rest of the fairlead and more particularly on one side thereof and more specifically still on one side of the guide means 1 1 of the fairlead.
Ce boîtier de commande 20 comporte alors deux flasques tels que par exemple des flasques 21 et 22, en regard l'un de l'autre et entre lesquels est disposé le doigt de commande 18 des moyens en forme de mâchoire.  This control box 20 then comprises two flanges such as for example flanges 21 and 22, facing one another and between which is disposed the control finger 18 means jaw-shaped.
Ce doigt de commande 18 est alors déplaçable entre les flasques 21 et 22 du boîtier de commande 20, le long d'un chemin de déplacement 23 défini par exemple selon la forme d'un trajet à contour fermé, par des rainures de guidage ménagées dans les surfaces en regard de ces deux flasques 21 et 22. This control finger 18 is then movable between the flanges 21 and 22 of the control box 20, along a path of travel 23 defined for example according to the shape of a closed contour path, by guide grooves formed in the surfaces opposite these two flanges 21 and 22.
Ces rainures de guidage sont alors adaptées pour recevoir et guider les extrémités correspondantes de ce doigt de commande 18.  These guide grooves are then adapted to receive and guide the corresponding ends of the control finger 18.
On a par exemple illustré sur la figure 6, un exemple de réalisation d'une telle rainure, qui est désignée par la référence générale 24 et qui est formée dans le flasque 21 du boîtier 20.  For example, an embodiment of such a groove, which is designated by the general reference 24 and which is formed in the flange 21 of the housing 20, is illustrated in FIG.
Le doigt de commande 18 est alors déplaçable le long d'un trajet fermé qui définit avec les moyens à cliquets 16, deux positions stables des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13.  The control finger 18 is then movable along a closed path which defines with the ratchet means 16 two stable positions of the jaw-shaped means 13.
En effet, et comme cela est illustré sur ces figures, les moyens à cliquets comportent un premier cliquet désigné par exemple par la référence générale 25, prévu entre les flasques 21 et 22 du boîtier de commande.  Indeed, and as illustrated in these figures, the ratchet means comprise a first pawl designated for example by the general reference 25, provided between the flanges 21 and 22 of the control box.
Ce premier cliquet 25 est alors monté basculant dans le boîtier de commande, ce qui permet, par exemple lorsque le doigt de commande 18 se déplace vers l'avant, entre ces flasques 21 et 22 du boîtier, à ce premier cliquet 25 de s'escamoter, pour laisser passer le doigt de commande 18, avant de revenir en position de blocage de celui-ci dans une position stable correspondant à la position stable ouverte des mors et donc des moyens en forme de mâchoire pour libérer l'élément d'ancrage.  This first pawl 25 is then pivotally mounted in the control box, which allows, for example when the control finger 18 moves forward, between the flanges 21 and 22 of the housing, to the first pawl 25 s'. retract, to let the control finger 18, before returning to the locking position thereof in a stable position corresponding to the open stable position of the jaws and thus jaw-shaped means for releasing the anchor element .
En effet le doigt de commande 18 a commandé l'ouverture des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13, et si l'on relâche le câble de traction 17, le doigt de commande 18 vient en appui contre ce premier cliquet 25.  Indeed, the control finger 18 has controlled the opening of the jaw-shaped means 13, and if the traction cable 17 is released, the control finger 18 bears against this first pawl 25.
Ce premier cliquet 25 maintient le doigt de commande 18 dans cette position d'ouverture PO des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13.  This first pawl 25 keeps the control finger 18 in this open position PO jaw-shaped means 13.
Lors d'une nouvelle commande impulsionnelle de ces moyens, c'est-à-dire lors d'une nouvelle action par exemple d'un opérateur sur le câble de traction 17, le doigt de commande 18 passe alors de la position d'ouverture PO des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13, vers une position de fermeture PF de ceux-ci, en franchissant un deuxième cliquet désigné par la référence générale 27, sur cette figure 6.  During a new impulse command of these means, that is to say during a new action for example of an operator on the traction cable 17, the control finger 18 then passes from the open position PO jaw-shaped means 13, to a closed position PF thereof, crossing a second pawl designated by the general reference 27, in this Figure 6.
Ce deuxième cliquet 27 est en fait un cliquet d'anti-retour, de guidage du doigt de commande 18, dans un trajet libre de retour de celui-ci vers sa position stable de fermeture PF des moyens en forme de mâchoire.  This second pawl 27 is in fact a non-return pawl for guiding the control finger 18 in a free return path from it to its stable closing position PF of the jaw-shaped means.
Comme cela est illustré, les rainures des flasques, et par exemple la rainure 24 du flasque 21 , comportent en effet deux portions de trajet, à savoir une première portion de trajet permettant au doigt de commande 18, à la suite d'une première impulsion de traction sur le câble de commande 17, de passer de sa position stable de fermeture PF des moyens en forme de mâchoire, à sa position stable d'ouverture PO de ces moyens en forme de mâchoire, en franchissant le premier cliquet 25 et en étant maintenu dans cette position stable d'ouverture par ce premier cliquet. As illustrated, the grooves of the flanges, and for example the groove 24 of the flange 21, in fact comprise two path portions, namely a first path portion allowing the control finger 18, following a first pulse traction on the control cable 17, to move from its stable closing position PF jaw-shaped means, at its stable opening position PO of these jaw-shaped means, crossing the first pawl 25 and being held in this stable opening position by the first pawl.
A la suite d'une deuxième impulsion de traction sur le câble de commande 17, le doigt de commande 18 franchit alors le deuxième cliquet 27, et l'action peut alors être relâchée sur ce câble de commande pour permettre au doigt 18, guidé par le deuxième cliquet d'anti-retour, de suivre le trajet de retour de ce doigt 18, vers sa position stable de fermeture des moyens en forme de mâchoire et donc de blocage de l'élément d'ancrage de la structure.  Following a second pulling pulse on the control cable 17, the control finger 18 then passes the second pawl 27, and the action can then be released on this control cable to allow the finger 18, guided by the second non-return pawl, to follow the return path of this finger 18, to its stable position of closure means jaw-shaped and thus blocking the anchoring element of the structure.
Ceci permet ainsi de définir deux positions stables successives du doigt de commande par commande par impulsion du câble de traction de celui-ci.  This thus makes it possible to define two successive stable positions of the control finger by pulse control of the traction cable of the latter.
Ce doigt de commande 18 est alors relié, comme cela a été indiqué précédemment, par un câble de commande aux moyens en forme de mâchoire 13.  This control finger 18 is then connected, as previously indicated, by a control cable to the jaw-shaped means 13.
Ce câble de commande est par exemple illustré sur les figures 3 et 4 et est désigné par la référence 29.  This control cable is for example illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 and is designated by the reference 29.
En fait et comme cela est illustré, ce câble de commande 29 est adapté pour actionner des leviers de manœuvre des mors 14 et 15 des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13.  In fact and as illustrated, this control cable 29 is adapted to actuate operating levers of the jaws 14 and 15 jaw-shaped means 13.
Dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 4, ces leviers de manœuvre des mors sont désignés par les références générales 30 et 31 .  In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, these levers for maneuvering the jaws are designated by general references 30 and 31.
Chacun de ces leviers 30 et 31 est alors adapté pour actionner l'un des mors des moyens en forme de mâchoire et/ou faire pivoter ceux-ci entre leur position de fermeture et leur position d'ouverture.  Each of these levers 30 and 31 is then adapted to actuate one of the jaws of the jaw-shaped means and / or rotate them between their closed position and their open position.
Dans l'exemple décrit, un seul câble de commande 29 est utilisé pour déplacer par exemple le levier 30.  In the example described, a single control cable 29 is used to move for example the lever 30.
Dans cet exemple également, les deux leviers 30 et 31 comprennent en fait des voiles crantés comme par exemple les voiles 32 et 33, comme cela est illustré sur cette figure 4.  In this example also, the two levers 30 and 31 in fact comprise notched sails such as the webs 32 and 33, as illustrated in this FIG. 4.
En fait, ces voiles crantés 32 et 33 sont alors accouplés l'un à l'autre et actionnés grâce à un seul câble de commande 29, tout en étant synchronisés dans leurs déplacements.  In fact, these notched sails 32 and 33 are then coupled to one another and actuated by means of a single control cable 29, while being synchronized in their movements.
En effet, on conçoit qu'en manœuvrant le câble de commande 29, on fait ainsi pivoter les deux mors 14 et 15 des moyens en forme de mâchoire 13, en synchronisme l'un de l'autre.  Indeed, it is conceivable that maneuvering the control cable 29, is thus pivoted the two jaws 14 and 15 jaw-shaped means 13 in synchronism with one another.
Bien entendu d'autres modes de réalisation de ces moyens peuvent encore être envisagés. Enfin, on notera que les moyens de manœuvre des mors des moyens en forme de mâchoire, comprennent également par exemple des moyens formant contrepoids, qui sont couplés par exemple aux moyens en forme de mâchoire 13, pour les solliciter en position de fermeture et donc de blocage de l'élément d'ancrage et d'amarrage de la structure. Of course other embodiments of these means can still be envisaged. Finally, it will be noted that the means for maneuvering the jaws of the jaw-shaped means also comprise, for example, counterweight means, which are coupled for example to the jaw-shaped means 13, to urge them into the closed position and thus to locking the anchoring element and anchoring the structure.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré notamment sur la figure 5, ces moyens formant contrepoids sont désignés par la référence générale 40.  In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in particular in FIG. 5, these counterweight means are designated by the general reference 40.
Ces moyens formant contrepoids 40 sont par exemple associés aux moyens en forme de mâchoire, par exemple au niveau de leurs moyens d'articulation sur le reste du chaumard, pour les solliciter en position de fermeture.  These counterweight means 40 are for example associated with the jaw-shaped means, for example at their hinge means on the rest of the fairlead, to urge them in the closed position.
On conçoit alors que dans la structure du chaumard selon l'invention, on utilise des moyens de commande impulsionnelle de l'ouverture et de la fermeture des moyens en forme de mâchoire.  It is then conceivable that in the structure of the fairlead according to the invention, impulse control means are used for the opening and closing of the jaw-shaped means.
En effet, il suffit d'une impulsion de traction sur le câble de traction, pour provoquer un déplacement des moyens de manœuvre entre une position stable fermée et une position stable ouverte des moyens en forme de mâchoire.  Indeed, all that is required is a pulling pulse on the traction cable, to cause movement of the operating means between a closed stable position and an open stable position of the jaw-shaped means.
Ceci est réalisé par l'intermédiaire de moyens à cliquets interposés entre le câble de traction et le câble de commande des moyens en forme de mâchoire.  This is achieved by means of ratchet means interposed between the traction cable and the control cable of the jaw-shaped means.
On a décrit dans ce qui précède, un exemple de réalisation possible de tels moyens à cliquets.  In the foregoing, an exemplary possible embodiment of such pawl means has been described.
Il va de soi bien entendu que de très nombreux autres modes de réalisation peuvent être envisagés.  It goes without saying of course that many other embodiments can be envisaged.
En effet, de très nombreux modes de réalisation de ces moyens à cliquets peuvent être envisagés, afin de permettre à ceux-ci de définir des positions stables et séquentielles par une commande impulsionnelle.  Indeed, very many embodiments of these ratchet means can be envisaged, in order to allow them to define stable and sequential positions by an impulse command.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 .- Chaumard (5) de guidage d'un élément d'ancrage (3) d'une structure offshore, telle qu'une structure flottante (1 ), à un point d'ancrage (4), du type comportant des moyens de guidage (1 1 ) de l'élément d'ancrage (3) et des moyens (12) de verrouillage en position de cet élément d'ancrage, comportant des moyens (13) en forme de mâchoire de blocage comprenant deux mors de blocage (14, 15) déplaçables par des moyens de manœuvre actionnés par des moyens de commande, entre une position fermée de blocage en translation de l'élément d'ancrage et une position ouverte de libération de l'élément d'ancrage, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande sont des moyens de commande à impulsion et en ce que les moyens de manœuvre comprennent des moyens à cliquets (16) définissant des positions stables successives ouverte et fermée (PO, PF), des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). 1 .- Lug (5) for guiding an anchoring element (3) of an offshore structure, such as a floating structure (1), to an anchor point (4), of the type comprising means for guiding (1 1) the anchoring element (3) and means (12) for locking in position of said anchoring element, comprising means (13) in the form of a locking jaw comprising two locking jaws (14, 15) movable by operating means actuated by control means, between a closed position of translation locking of the anchoring element and an open position of release of the anchoring element, characterized in that that the control means are impulse control means and that the operating means comprise ratchet means (16) defining successive stable open and closed positions (PO, PF), jaw means (13), ).
2.- Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande comprennent un câble (17) de traction d'un doigt de commande (18) des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13), déplaçable le long d'un trajet fermé définissant avec les moyens à cliquets (16), les deux positions stables des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). 2. Guide fairlead according to claim 1, characterized in that the control means comprise a cable (17) for pulling a control finger (18) means jaw-like means (13) movable along a closed path defining with the ratchet means (16) the two stable positions of the jaw means (13).
3.- Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens à cliquets (16) comportent un premier cliquet (25) définissant pour le doigt (18), une position stable d'ouverture des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). 3. A fairlead according to claim 2, characterized in that the pawl means (16) comprise a first pawl (25) defining for the finger (18), a stable opening position of the jaw-shaped means ( 13).
4.- Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens à cliquets (16) comportent un deuxième cliquet (27) d'anti-retour, de guidage du doigt (18) dans un trajet libre de retour de celui-ci vers une position stable de fermeture des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). 4.- Guide fairlead according to claim 3, characterized in that the ratchet means (16) comprise a second pawl (27) of non-return, guiding the finger (18) in a free return path of the to a stable position for closing the jaw-shaped means (13).
5.- Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le doigt5.- Guide fairlead according to claim 4, characterized in that the finger
(18) comporte des extrémités adaptées pour se déplacer dans des rainures de guidage (24) ménagées dans deux flasques en regard (21 , 22) d'un boîtier (20) de commande des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). (18) has ends adapted to move in guide grooves (24) formed in two facing flanges (21, 22) of a housing (20) for controlling the jaw means (13).
6.- Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier de commande (20) est fixé sur un côté des moyens de guidage (1 1 ) du chaumard. 6. A fairlead according to claim 5, characterized in that the control box (20) is fixed on one side of the guide means (1 1) of the fairlead.
7. - Chaumard de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le doigt (18) est relié aux moyens en forme de mâchoire par un câble de commande (29). 7. - fairlead according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the finger (18) is connected to the jaw-shaped means by a control cable (29).
8. - Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le câble de commande (29) est raccordé à des leviers (30, 31 ) de manœuvre des mors (14, 15) des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). 8. - Guide fairlead according to claim 7, characterized in that the control cable (29) is connected to levers (30, 31) for operating the jaws (14, 15) of the jaw-shaped means (13). .
9. - Chaumard de guidage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les leviers (30, 31 ) comprennent des voiles crantés (32, 33) accouplés pour synchroniser leurs déplacements et ceux des mors (14, 15) des moyens en forme de mâchoire (13). 9. - Guide fairlead according to claim 8, characterized in that the levers (30, 31) comprise notched webs (32, 33) coupled to synchronize their movements and those of the jaws (14, 15) means in the form of jaw (13).
10. - Chaumard de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de manœuvre comprennent des moyens formant contrepoids (40), couplés aux moyens en forme de mâchoire (13) pour les solliciter en position de fermeture. 10. - fairlead according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the operating means comprise counterweight means (40), coupled to the jaw means (13) for biasing them in the closed position.
EP17718039.5A 2016-04-11 2017-04-10 Fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure Active EP3442858B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1600607A FR3049925B1 (en) 2016-04-11 2016-04-11 GUIDE BOILER FOR AN ANCHORING ELEMENT OF AN OFFSHORE STRUCTURE
PCT/EP2017/058502 WO2017178406A1 (en) 2016-04-11 2017-04-10 Fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure

Publications (2)

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EP3442858A1 true EP3442858A1 (en) 2019-02-20
EP3442858B1 EP3442858B1 (en) 2020-06-17

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EP17718039.5A Active EP3442858B1 (en) 2016-04-11 2017-04-10 Fairlead for guiding an anchoring element of an offshore structure

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US (1) US10611435B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3442858B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6959323B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102282222B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3049925B1 (en)
PT (1) PT3442858T (en)
WO (1) WO2017178406A1 (en)

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CN113212651B (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-06 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 Towing fixing device for cable guide device of quick release type semi-submersible production platform

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017178406A1 (en) 2017-10-19
FR3049925B1 (en) 2018-05-04
FR3049925A1 (en) 2017-10-13
EP3442858B1 (en) 2020-06-17
JP6959323B2 (en) 2021-11-02
US20190161144A1 (en) 2019-05-30
PT3442858T (en) 2020-08-28
JP2019510688A (en) 2019-04-18
KR20190018622A (en) 2019-02-25
US10611435B2 (en) 2020-04-07
KR102282222B1 (en) 2021-07-26

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