EP3440504B1 - Light generating device, head-up display comprising such a device - Google Patents

Light generating device, head-up display comprising such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3440504B1
EP3440504B1 EP17715200.6A EP17715200A EP3440504B1 EP 3440504 B1 EP3440504 B1 EP 3440504B1 EP 17715200 A EP17715200 A EP 17715200A EP 3440504 B1 EP3440504 B1 EP 3440504B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
transparent element
screen
transparent
image
Prior art date
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EP17715200.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3440504A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-François BISSON
Delphine LE-GUYADER
Renan Leon
Laurent Vivet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Comfort and Driving Assistance SAS
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Valeo Comfort and Driving Assistance SAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133382—Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell
    • G02F1/133385—Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell with cooling means, e.g. fans
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
    • C01F5/02—Magnesia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/028—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles by means of an interlayer consisting of an organic adhesive, e.g. phenol resin or pitch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/04—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with articles made from glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/04—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with articles made from glass
    • C04B37/047—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with articles made from glass by means of an interlayer consisting of an organic adhesive, e.g. phenol resin or pitch
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/32—Thermal properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/34—Oxidic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
    • C04B2237/366—Aluminium nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/40—Metallic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
    • C04B2237/704—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the ceramic layers or articles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133302—Rigid substrates, e.g. inorganic substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
    • G02F1/133331—Cover glasses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the reduction of heating within screens, in particular in an image generation device for a head-up display.
  • It relates more particularly to an image-generating device, a head-up display comprising such a device and a method of manufacturing an image-generating device.
  • the principle of head-up displays for vehicles is to project images, particularly useful for driving, directly into the driver's field of vision.
  • head-up displays generally comprise an image generation device suitable for generating images and a device for projecting the generated images suitable for transmitting these images to a semi-transparent blade placed in the driver's field of vision.
  • Most of the image generating devices used today include a light source backlighting a screen adapted to generate the images. This screen absorbs part of the light which backlights it, which causes it to heat up.
  • the temperature of the screen is critical for its correct operation, the latter running the risk of being damaged, or even of being rendered defective, by too high a temperature. Overheating of the screen can therefore reduce its lifespan and lead to its replacement.
  • the present invention proposes an image generating device according to claim 1, (in particular for a head-up display, according to claim 6) and in particular comprising a light source producing a light beam and a screen through which the light beam and adapted to modify the light beam so as to form an image, wherein the screen comprises a transparent element passed through by the light beam and arranged to evacuate the heat generated at the level of the screen, and said transparent element is made of sintered transparent ceramic (that is to say obtained by sintering).
  • the aforementioned ceramic has for example a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W/mK, preferably even greater than 40 W/mK.
  • the aforementioned ceramic is for example a magnesium oxide.
  • the sintering process for obtaining a transparent magnesium oxide ceramic is indeed relatively simple.
  • Magnesium oxide also has good thermal conductivity (typically comprised between 45 W/mK and 50 W/mK) and its use as a heat-conducting element is therefore of particular interest.
  • the transparent element may also carry elements for polarizing the light beam, such as metal lines (forming a metal grid) able to polarize the light passing through the transparent element.
  • the transparent element can then be used as a polarizer, as proposed in some of the examples presented below.
  • the screen includes a metal cover.
  • the element is in thermal contact with the metal cover.
  • thermal contact is meant here a direct or indirect contact allowing the transmission of heat.
  • the transparent element may thus be in (physical) contact with the metal cover or assembled to the metal cover by means of an adhesive.
  • the heat generated within the screen can thus be transmitted by the transparent element to the metal cover, where this heat is more easily evacuated.
  • a radiator intended for dissipating the heat can also be formed or mounted on the metal cover.
  • the metal cover receives (inside said cover metal) a matrix of liquid crystals, and a matrix of colored elements.
  • the transparent element can be contact with at least one outer face of the metal cover. Provision can then be made in this case for the transparent element to be in thermal contact with another element of the screen, for example a polarizer (here the input polarizer), which makes it possible to transmit to the metal cover a large part of the heat generated at that other screen element.
  • a polarizer here the input polarizer
  • the transparent element can be received inside the metal cover.
  • the transparent element is then located at the heart of the screen and thus facilitates the evacuation of the heat generated within the screen.
  • the transparent element may in particular be in contact with a transverse part of the metal cover surrounding a window formed in the metal cover.
  • the transverse part of the metal cover is thus advantageously used to ensure both the (axial) retention of the constituent parts of the screen and the contact with the transparent element with a view to dissipating the heat.
  • the transparent element has for example a transmittance greater than 50% (or even greater than 80%) in the visible.
  • the transparent element may additionally have an anti-reflection treatment to improve its transmittance.
  • the invention also proposes a head-up display comprising an image generation device as defined in claim 6.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown schematically the main elements of a head-up display 1 intended to equip a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle.
  • Such a display 1 is adapted to create a virtual image I in the field of vision of a driver of the vehicle, so that the driver can see this virtual image I and any information it contains without having to look away.
  • the display 1 comprises a semi-transparent blade 2 placed in the driver's field of vision, an image generation device 3 suitable for generating images and an image projection device 4 suitable for returning, towards said semi-transparent blade 2, the images generated by the image generation unit 3.
  • the semi-transparent blade 2 is here a combiner 2, that is to say a semi-transparent blade dedicated to the head-up display 1.
  • Such a combiner 2 is here placed between the windshield 9 of the vehicle and the eyes of the driver.
  • the semi-transparent blade could be confused with the windshield of the vehicle.
  • it is the windshield of the vehicle which has the semi-transparent blade function for the head-up display.
  • the image projection device comprises a folding mirror 4 arranged so as to reflect the images generated by the image generation device 3 in the direction of the semi-transparent plate 2.
  • said folding mirror folding is a plane mirror.
  • the image projection device could comprise a plurality of mirrors and/or other optical elements such as a lens for example.
  • the image generation device 3 comprises for its part at least one light source 6, a screen 5 backlit by this light source 6, and a reflector 7. There is thus schematically represented by the arrow L in the figures the transmission of light from light source 6 to screen 5.
  • the light source 6 is here a light-emitting diode (or LED for “ Light Emitting Diode ”) and the screen 5 is here a liquid crystal screen (or LCD for “ Liquid Crystal Display ”), for example with thin film transistors (or TFT for " Thin-Film Transistor "). Examples of embodiments of such a screen are described below.
  • the figure 2 presents a first embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the input polarizer 20 and the output polarizer 22 are here absorption polarizer filters (hence significant heating at the level of these polarizers 20, 22).
  • the input polarizer 20 and the output polarizer 22 respectively have a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other (in the context of the so-called “ normally off ” technology, or NB for “ normally black ”). (Recall that the axis of a polarizer is the direction of rectilinear polarization of the light beam after passing through the polarizer.)
  • the light beam between the input polarizer 20 and the output polarizer 22 will be polarized along the first axis (axis of the input polarizer 20) and no light will therefore be emitted at the output of the output polarizer 22.
  • the polarization of certain parts of the light beam is modified at the level of the liquid crystal matrix 10 so that light is emitted at the output of the output polarizer 22 at the level of regions corresponding to said parts of the light beam.
  • the matrix of colored elements 16 comprises a plurality of colored elements (here a red element, a green element and a blue element) through each of which it is possible to pass an adjustable intensity of light by suitable activation of the corresponding element of the liquid crystal matrix 10, as indicated above.
  • a desired color is thus obtained for each pixel, by additive combination of the lights passing through the various colored elements of this pixel.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 are mounted in a first cover 30 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 30 essentially extends around the slices of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.
  • the first cover 30 further comprises a transverse part 31 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 22 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22
  • a window 32 is however formed in this transverse part 31 of the first cover 30 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cover 30 is itself received in a second cover 40 (also covered by the name " bezel " mentioned above).
  • the second cover 40 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 40 extends around the first cover 30 over the greater part of the length of the first cover 30 (in the direction of the path of the light).
  • the second cover 40 further comprises a transverse part 41 which extends to the right of (and in contact with) the circumferential end of the first cover 30 and a part of the input face of the input polarizer 20 so as to retaining the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 axially.
  • a window 42 is however formed in the transverse part 41 of the second cover 40 to allow entry of the light generated by the light 6.
  • the screen 5 further comprises a transparent element 50 made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO) and intended to evacuate the heat, in particular that generated at the level of the input polarizer 20.
  • a transparent element 50 made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO) and intended to evacuate the heat, in particular that generated at the level of the input polarizer 20.
  • the transparent element 50 is here arranged in contact with the second cover 40.
  • the transparent element 50 is arranged outside the second cover 40, surrounding the second cover 40 as explained now.
  • the transparent element 40 comprises a base 52 which extends transversely to the path of the light (and therefore in the present case parallel to the transverse part 41 of the second cover 40), in line with the entire entry surface of the input polarizer 20.
  • the transparent element 40 here further comprises side walls 54 which extend from peripheral regions of the base 52 and in contact with the second cover 40 (specifically regions of the second cover 40 surrounding the plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22).
  • the transparent element 50 is optionally mounted glued on the second cover 40.
  • the heat generated by the screen 5 (in particular at the level of the input polarizer 20) is transmitted to the second cover 40 at the level of its transverse part 41 (in contact with the input polarizer 20), then to the element transparent 50.
  • radiator mounted in contact with the second cover 40 and/or the transparent element 50.
  • the heat can then be evacuated from the input polarizer 20 to the transparent element 50 via transparent glue.
  • the base 52 of the transparent element 50 has a protrusion which extends into the window 42 of the second cover 40 up to the contact of the input polarizer 20 so that the heat can be evacuated. directly from the input polarizer 20 to the transparent element 50.
  • Magnesium oxide has good thermal conductivity, of the order of 47 W/mK, which makes it possible to efficiently evacuate the heat in the various arrangements envisaged above.
  • the base 52 of the transparent element 50 to carry, for example on its face facing the light source, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid so that the transparent element 50 (provided with this metal grid) forms a reflective polarizer (with an axis of polarization identical to that of the input polarizer 20).
  • the metallic lines are for example produced by vacuum deposition on the transparent element 50 (by condensation of metallic vapor in a uniform film on the surface of the transparent element 50), then by means of a lithography process (removal of metal parts not protected by a resin in order to form the metal lines).
  • the transparent element 50 thus also performs an (optical) polarization function.
  • the light rays whose polarization does not correspond to that of the transparent element 50 are reflected towards the interior of the image-forming device 3, in general towards the reflector 7, where they can be reflected again and possibly sent back towards the transparent element 50 with a polarization corresponding this time to that of the transparent element 50.
  • the picture 3 presents a second embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 are mounted in a first cover 130 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 130 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.
  • the first cover 130 further comprises a transverse part 131 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 122 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122
  • a window 132 is however formed in this transverse part 131 of the first cover 130 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cowl 130 is itself received in a second cowl 140 (also covered by the name " bezel " mentioned above).
  • the second cover 140 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 140 extends around the first cover 130 on the most large part of the length of the first cover 130 (in the direction of the light path).
  • the second cover 140 further comprises a transverse part 141 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the circumferential end of the first cover 130 and part of the input face of the input polarizer 120 so as to retaining the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 axially. light 6.
  • the screen 5 further comprises a transparent element 150 made, in the form of a plate, of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO) and intended to evacuate the heat, in particular that generated at the level of the input polarizer 120 .
  • a transparent element 150 made, in the form of a plate, of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO) and intended to evacuate the heat, in particular that generated at the level of the input polarizer 120 .
  • the transparent element 150 is placed in contact with the second cover 140, here against the transverse part 142 of the second cover 140.
  • the transparent element 150 is for example glued to the transverse part 142 of the second cover 140.
  • the transparent element 150 can also carry, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid so that the transparent element 150 (provided with this metal grid) forms a polarizer reflecting (with a polarization axis identical to that of the input polarizer 120).
  • the figure 4 presents a third embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the transparent element 250 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).
  • the transparent element 250 is thus placed in contact with the input polarizer 220 and can thus evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5, in particular the heat generated at the level of the input polarizer 220.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 are mounted in a first cover 230 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 230 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 (except here around the transparent element 250) so as to retain these elements in form of plate pressed against each other.
  • the first cover 230 further comprises a transverse part 231 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 222 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 , 250.
  • a window 232 is however formed in this transverse part 231 of the first cover 230 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cover 230 and the transparent element 250 are received in a second cover 240.
  • the second cover 240 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 240 extends around the transparent element 250 and the first cover 130, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 130 (in the direction of the path of the light).
  • the second cover 240 further comprises a transverse part 241 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the transparent element 250 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222, 250.
  • a window 242 is however formed in the transverse part 241 of the second cover 240 (in line with the central part of the transparent element 250) to allow the entry, into the screen 5 and through the transparent element 250, of the light generated by the light source 6.
  • This embodiment also allows a particularly effective evacuation of the heat generated by the screen 5.
  • the input polarizer 220 is in fact in contact, at the level of its entire input face, with the transparent element 250 , which is in contact with the second cover 240 towards which the heat is easily evacuated (thanks to the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 250 made of magnesium oxide and of the second metal cover 240).
  • a radiator (not shown) may further be formed or mounted on the second cover 240.
  • the transparent element 250 can also carry, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid so that the transparent element 250 (provided with this metal grid) forms a polarizer reflective (with an axis of polarization identical to that of the input polarizer 220).
  • the figure 5 presents a fourth embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the transparent element 350 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).
  • the transparent element 350 carries, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid.
  • the transparent element 350 is thus placed in contact with the other elements in the form of a plate and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 are mounted in a first cover 330 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 330 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.
  • the first cover 330 further comprises a transverse part 331 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 322 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350
  • a window 332 is however formed in this transverse part 331 of the first cover 330 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cover 330 is received in a second cover 340.
  • the second cover 340 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 340 extends around the first cover 330, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 330 (in the direction of the path of the light).
  • the second cover 340 further comprises a transverse part 341 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the transparent element 350 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350.
  • a window 342 is however formed in the transverse part 341 of the second cover 340 (in line with the central part of the transparent element 350) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and through the transparent element 350, of the light generated by the light source 6.
  • the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 350 towards the second cover 340 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 350 and the second cover 340 at the level of the peripheral part of the transparent element 350, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 350 in oxide of magnesium).
  • a radiator (not shown) may further be formed or mounted on the second cover 340.
  • the figure 6 presents a fifth embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the transparent element 450 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).
  • the transparent element 450 is thus placed in contact with the other elements in the form of a plate, here between the input polarizer 420 and the first pane 412, and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450 are mounted in a first cover 430 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 430 extends essentially around the edges of a part of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 422 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other. .
  • the first cover 430 further comprises a transverse part 431 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 422 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422 , 450.
  • a window 432 is however formed in this transverse part 431 of the first cover 430 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cover 430 is received in a second cover 440.
  • the second cover 440 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 440 extends around the first cover 430, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 430 (in the direction of the path of the light).
  • the second cover 440 further comprises a transverse part 441 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the input polarizer 420 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450.
  • a window 442 is however formed in the transverse part 441 of the second cover 440 (in line with the central part of the input polarizer 420) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and from through input polarizer 420, light generated by light source 6.
  • the transparent element 450 has dimensions slightly greater than those of the other plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 422 so that the transparent element 450 extends (at its edge) in contact with the second hood 440.
  • the second cover 440 is shaped to adapt, at the level of the input polarizer 420, to the external dimensions of the input polarizer 420.
  • the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 450 towards the second cover 440 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 450 and the second cover 440 at the level of the edge of the transparent element 450, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 450 made of magnesium oxide).
  • a radiator (not shown) can also be formed or mounted on the second cover 440.
  • the figure 7 presents a sixth embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the transparent element 550 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).
  • the transparent element 550 is thus placed at the heart of the screen 5, here between the input polarizer 520 and the liquid crystal matrix 510, and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550 are mounted in a first cover 530 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 530 extends essentially around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522 (except as regards the transparent element 550) so as to retain these shaped elements. plates pressed against each other.
  • the first cover 530 further comprises a transverse part 531 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 522 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550
  • a window 532 is however formed in this transverse part 531 of the first cover 530 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cover 530 is received in a second cover 540.
  • the second cover 540 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 540 extends around the first cover 530, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 530 (in the direction of the path of the light).
  • the second cover 540 further comprises a transverse part 541 which extends in line with (and in contact with) the peripheral part of the input polarizer 520 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550.
  • a window 542 is however formed in the transverse part 541 of the second cover 540 (in line with the central part of the input polarizer 520) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and through the polarizer input 520, the light generated by the light source 6.
  • the transparent element 550 has, over at least part of its periphery, dimensions slightly greater than those of the other plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522 so that the transparent element 550 extends, through openings formed in the first cover 530, in contact with the second cover 540 (at the level of at least part of the edge of the transparent element 550).
  • the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 550 towards the second cover 540 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 550 and the second cover 540 on a part at the less than the edge of the transparent element 550, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 550 made of magnesium oxide).
  • a radiator (not shown) may further be formed or mounted on the second cover 540.
  • the figure 8 presents a seventh embodiment of the screen 5.
  • the transparent element 650 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).
  • the transparent element 650 carries, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid.
  • the transparent element 650 is thus placed in contact with the other plate-shaped elements and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.
  • the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650 are mounted in a first cover 630 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material.
  • the first cover 630 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.
  • the first cover 630 further comprises a transverse part 631 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 622 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650.
  • window 632 is however formed in this transverse part 631 of the first cover 630 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.
  • the first cover 630 is received in a second cover 640.
  • the second cover 640 is a metal cover.
  • the second cover 640 extends around the first cover 630, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 630 (in the direction of the path of the light).
  • the second cover 640 further comprises a transverse part 641 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the transparent element 650 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650.
  • a window 642 is however formed in the transverse part 641 of the second cover 640 (in line with the central part of the transparent element 650) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and through the polarizer of input 620, of the light generated by the light source 6.
  • the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 650 towards the second cover 640 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 650 and the second cover 640 at the level of the peripheral part of the transparent element 650, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 650 in magnesium oxide).
  • a radiator (not shown) can further be formed or mounted on the second cover 640.
  • the transparent element 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650 is obtained by means of a sintering process.
  • Such a sintering process is for example of the “ hot isostatic pressing ” (or HIP for “ Hot Isostatic Pressing ”) type or of the “ flash sintering ” (or SPS for “ Spark Plasma Sintering ”) type .
  • the transmittance of such a transparent element is greater than 85% (about 86.5%).
  • a transparent ceramic based on a simple oxide (Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Sc 2 O 3 or Lu 2 O 3 ) or based on a complex oxide (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , MgAl 2 O 4 or ZNAl 2 O 4 , or even Lu 2 TiO 3 , Lu 2 Zr 2 O 7 , Lu 3 NbO 7 , LaGdZr 2 O 7 , La 9.33 Si 6 O 26 , Sr 2 Y 8 ( SiO 4 ) 6 O 2 , Sr 3 Al 2 O 6 , BaAl 4 O 7 ), or else based on a non-oxide (AION or AIN).
  • the good thermal conductivity of magnesium oxide (typically between 45 W/mK and 60 W/mK) makes it possible to obtain good heat removal via the transparent element 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, even if it has a limited thickness, for example between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.
  • a transparent ceramic having a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W/mK for example based on Y 2 O 3 , Sc 2 O 3 , Lu 2 O 3 , Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , MgAl 2 O 4 , or AION
  • a thermal conductivity greater than 40 W/mK for example a transparent ceramic based on MgO, as already indicated, or based on aluminum nitride: AIN whose thermal conductivity is 320 W/mK.
  • the transparent element is located at (or close to) the face of entry of the light L into the screen 5.
  • a transparent element of the same type at (or close to) the light exit face, that is to say the face facing the deflection mirror 4. It is thus possible to evacuate the heat generated at the level of this face of exit.
  • a transparent element made of magnesium oxide one then further benefits from the low surface reflection of the transparent element (surface reflection 7% lower than with an element made of aluminum oxide for example), which limits the reflections present on the external face of the image-generating device.
  • the transparent element may also have an anti-reflection treatment to improve its transmittance.

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Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE AUQUEL SE RAPPORTE L'INVENTIONTECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES

La présente invention concerne la réduction de l'échauffement au sein des écrans, en particulier dans un dispositif de génération d'image pour afficheur tête haute.The present invention relates to the reduction of heating within screens, in particular in an image generation device for a head-up display.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif de génération d'image, un afficheur tête haute comprenant un tel dispositif et un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de génération d'image.It relates more particularly to an image-generating device, a head-up display comprising such a device and a method of manufacturing an image-generating device.

ARRIÈRE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUETECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

Le principe des afficheurs tête haute pour véhicule est de projeter des images, notamment utiles à la conduite, directement dans le champ de vision d'un conducteur.The principle of head-up displays for vehicles is to project images, particularly useful for driving, directly into the driver's field of vision.

Pour cela, les afficheurs tête haute comprennent en général un dispositif de génération d'images adapté à générer des images et un dispositif de projection des images générées adapté à transmettre ces images vers une lame semi-transparente placée dans le champ de vision du conducteur.For this, head-up displays generally comprise an image generation device suitable for generating images and a device for projecting the generated images suitable for transmitting these images to a semi-transparent blade placed in the driver's field of vision.

La plupart des dispositifs de génération d'images utilisés aujourd'hui comprennent une source de lumière rétroéclairant un écran adapté à générer les images. Cet écran absorbe une partie de la lumière qui le rétroéclaire, ce qui provoque son échauffement thermique.Most of the image generating devices used today include a light source backlighting a screen adapted to generate the images. This screen absorbs part of the light which backlights it, which causes it to heat up.

Or, la température de l'écran est critique pour son bon fonctionnement, ce dernier risquant d'être endommagé, voire d'être rendu défectueux, par une température trop élevée. L'échauffement de l'écran peut par conséquent réduire sa durée de vie et conduire à son remplacement.However, the temperature of the screen is critical for its correct operation, the latter running the risk of being damaged, or even of being rendered defective, by too high a temperature. Overheating of the screen can therefore reduce its lifespan and lead to its replacement.

Il est donc nécessaire de trouver des solutions visant à refroidir l'écran, ou à éviter son échauffement. Les documents suivants constituent des documents d'art antérieur concernant le refroidissement d'écrans: JP 2005 338160 A , EP 1 724 620 A1 , US 2005/195369 A1 , JP 2005 313733 A et DE 10 2014 206586 .It is therefore necessary to find solutions aimed at cooling the screen, or preventing it from overheating. The following documents constitute prior art documents relating to screen cooling: JP 2005 338160 A , EP 1 724 620 A1 , US 2005/195369 A1 , JP 2005 313733 A and FROM 10 2014 206586 .

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Dans ce contexte, la présente invention propose un dispositif de génération d'image selon la revendication 1, (en particulier pour afficheur tête haute, selon la revendication 6) et notamment comprenant une source de lumière produisant un faisceau lumineux et un écran traversé par le faisceau lumineux et conçu pour modifier le faisceau lumineux de manière à former une image, dans lequel l'écran comprend un élément transparent traversé par le faisceau lumineux et agencé pour évacuer la chaleur générée au niveau de l'écran, et ledit élément transparent est réalisé en céramique transparente frittée (c'est-à-dire obtenue par frittage).In this context, the present invention proposes an image generating device according to claim 1, (in particular for a head-up display, according to claim 6) and in particular comprising a light source producing a light beam and a screen through which the light beam and adapted to modify the light beam so as to form an image, wherein the screen comprises a transparent element passed through by the light beam and arranged to evacuate the heat generated at the level of the screen, and said transparent element is made of sintered transparent ceramic (that is to say obtained by sintering).

L'utilisation d'un procédé de frittage permet la réalisation de l'élément transparent à moindre coût et est donc particulièrement adaptée à la production d'un dispositif de génération d'image en grandes séries.The use of a sintering process allows the production of the transparent element at a lower cost and is therefore particularly suitable for the production of an image generation device in large series.

La céramique susmentionnée a par exemple une conductivité thermique supérieure à 10 W/mK, de préférence même supérieure à 40 W/mK.The aforementioned ceramic has for example a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W/mK, preferably even greater than 40 W/mK.

La céramique susmentionnée est par exemple un oxyde de magnésium. Le procédé de frittage permettant l'obtention d'une céramique transparente en oxyde de magnésium est en effet relativement simple. L'oxyde de magnésium a en outre une bonne conductivité thermique (comprise typiquement entre 45 W/mK et 50 W/mK) et son utilisation en tant qu'élément conducteur de la chaleur est donc particulièrement intéressante.The aforementioned ceramic is for example a magnesium oxide. The sintering process for obtaining a transparent magnesium oxide ceramic is indeed relatively simple. Magnesium oxide also has good thermal conductivity (typically comprised between 45 W/mK and 50 W/mK) and its use as a heat-conducting element is therefore of particular interest.

L'élément transparent peut en outre porter des éléments de polarisation du faisceau lumineux, tels que des lignes métalliques (formant une grille métallique) aptes à polariser la lumière traversant l'élément transparent. L'élément transparent peut alors être utilisé en tant que polariseur, comme proposé dans certains des exemples présentés plus loin.The transparent element may also carry elements for polarizing the light beam, such as metal lines (forming a metal grid) able to polarize the light passing through the transparent element. The transparent element can then be used as a polarizer, as proposed in some of the examples presented below.

L'écran comprend un capot métallique. L'élément est en contact thermique avec le capot métallique. On entend ici par contact thermique un contact direct ou indirect permettant la transmission de la chaleur. L'élément transparent pourra ainsi être en contact (physique) avec le capot métallique ou assemblé au capot métallique au moyen d'une colle.The screen includes a metal cover. The element is in thermal contact with the metal cover. By thermal contact is meant here a direct or indirect contact allowing the transmission of heat. The transparent element may thus be in (physical) contact with the metal cover or assembled to the metal cover by means of an adhesive.

La chaleur générée au sein de l'écran peut ainsi être transmise par l'élément transparent au capot métallique, où cette chaleur est plus facilement évacuée.The heat generated within the screen can thus be transmitted by the transparent element to the metal cover, where this heat is more easily evacuated.

Un radiateur destiné à l'évacuation de la chaleur peut en outre être formé ou monté sur le capot métallique.A radiator intended for dissipating the heat can also be formed or mounted on the metal cover.

Selon l'invention, le capot métallique reçoit (à l'intérieur dudit capot métallique) une matrice de cristaux liquides, et une matrice d'éléments colorés.According to the invention, the metal cover receives (inside said cover metal) a matrix of liquid crystals, and a matrix of colored elements.

Selon certains modes de réalisation, l'élément transparent peut être en contact avec au moins une face externe du capot métallique. On peut alors prévoir dans ce cas que l'élément transparent soit en contact thermique avec un autre élément de l'écran, par exemple un polariseur (ici le polariseur d'entrée), ce qui permet de transmettre au capot métallique une grande partie de la chaleur générée au niveau de cet autre élément de l'écran.According to certain embodiments, the transparent element can be contact with at least one outer face of the metal cover. Provision can then be made in this case for the transparent element to be in thermal contact with another element of the screen, for example a polarizer (here the input polarizer), which makes it possible to transmit to the metal cover a large part of the heat generated at that other screen element.

Selon d'autres modes de réalisation, l'élément transparent peut être reçu à l'intérieur du capot métallique. L'élément transparent est alors situé au cœur de l'écran et facilite ainsi l'évacuation de la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran.According to other embodiments, the transparent element can be received inside the metal cover. The transparent element is then located at the heart of the screen and thus facilitates the evacuation of the heat generated within the screen.

L'élément transparent peut notamment être au contact d'une partie transversale du capot métallique entourant une fenêtre formée dans le capot métallique. On utilise ainsi avantageusement la partie transversale du capot métallique pour assurer à la fois la retenue (axiale) des parties constitutives de l'écran et le contact avec l'élément transparent en vue de l'évacuation de la chaleur.The transparent element may in particular be in contact with a transverse part of the metal cover surrounding a window formed in the metal cover. The transverse part of the metal cover is thus advantageously used to ensure both the (axial) retention of the constituent parts of the screen and the contact with the transparent element with a view to dissipating the heat.

L'élément transparent possède par exemple une transmittance supérieure à 50% (voire supérieure à 80%) dans le visible. L'élément transparent peut en outre avoir un traitement anti-reflet pour améliorer sa transmittance.The transparent element has for example a transmittance greater than 50% (or even greater than 80%) in the visible. The transparent element may additionally have an anti-reflection treatment to improve its transmittance.

L'invention propose également un afficheur tête haute comprenant un dispositif de génération d'image ainsi que défini dans la revendication 6.The invention also proposes a head-up display comprising an image generation device as defined in claim 6.

La présente description mentionne enfin un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de génération d'image comprenant une source de lumière produisant un faisceau lumineux et un écran traversé par le faisceau lumineux et conçu pour modifier le faisceau lumineux de manière à former une image, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • frittage d'une poudre de manière à obtenir un élément en céramique transparente ;
  • montage dudit élément au niveau de l'écran de sorte que cet élément soit traversé par le faisceau lumineux et évacue la chaleur générée au niveau de l'écran.
The present description finally mentions a method of manufacturing an image generating device comprising a light source producing a light beam and a screen through which the light beam passes and designed to modify the light beam so as to form an image, the process comprising the following steps:
  • sintering of a powder so as to obtain a transparent ceramic element;
  • mounting said element at the level of the screen so that this element is crossed by the light beam and evacuates the heat generated at the level of the screen.

Les caractéristiques optionnelles présentées ci-dessus en termes de dispositif peuvent éventuellement s'appliquer à un tel procédé.The optional characteristics presented above in terms of device can possibly be applied to such a method.

Divers agencements possibles de l'élément transparent à l'intérieur du capot métallique sont proposés dans la description qui suit.Various possible arrangements of the transparent element inside the metal cover are proposed in the following description.

DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE D'UN EXEMPLE DE RÉALISATIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXAMPLE OF REALIZATION

La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée.The following description with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented.

Sur les dessins annexés :

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement les éléments principaux d'un afficheur tête haute destiné à équiper un véhicule ;
  • la figure 2 présente un premier exemple de réalisation d'un écran d'un afficheur tête haute tel que celui de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 présente un second exemple de réalisation d'un tel écran ;
  • la figure 4 présente un troisième exemple de réalisation d'un tel écran ;
  • la figure 5 présente un quatrième exemple de réalisation d'un tel écran ;
  • la figure 6 présente un cinquième exemple de réalisation d'un tel écran ;
  • la figure 7 présente un sixième exemple de réalisation d'un tel écran ; et
  • la figure 8 présente un septième exemple de réalisation d'un tel écran.
On the attached drawings:
  • the figure 1 schematically represents the main elements of a head-up display intended to equip a vehicle;
  • the figure 2 presents a first embodiment of a screen of a head-up display such as that of the figure 1 ;
  • the picture 3 presents a second embodiment of such a screen;
  • the figure 4 presents a third embodiment of such a screen;
  • the figure 5 presents a fourth embodiment of such a screen;
  • the figure 6 presents a fifth embodiment of such a screen;
  • the figure 7 presents a sixth embodiment of such a screen; and
  • the figure 8 presents a seventh embodiment of such a screen.

Sur les figures, les proportions ne sont pas respectées afin de faire mieux ressortir la constitution des écrans présentés ci-dessous à titre d'exemples.In the figures, the proportions are not respected in order to better highlight the constitution of the screens presented below as examples.

Sur la figure 1, on a schématiquement représenté les éléments principaux d'un afficheur 1 tête haute destiné à équiper un véhicule, par exemple un véhicule automobile.On the figure 1 , there is shown schematically the main elements of a head-up display 1 intended to equip a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle.

Un tel afficheur 1 est adapté à créer une image virtuelle I dans le champ de vision d'un conducteur du véhicule, de sorte que le conducteur puisse voir cette image virtuelle I et les informations éventuelles qu'elle contient sans avoir à détourner le regard.Such a display 1 is adapted to create a virtual image I in the field of vision of a driver of the vehicle, so that the driver can see this virtual image I and any information it contains without having to look away.

À cet effet, l'afficheur 1 comprend une lame semi-transparente 2 placée dans le champ de vision du conducteur, un dispositif de génération d'images 3 adapté à générer des images et un dispositif de projection 4 d'images adapté à renvoyer, en direction de ladite lame semi-transparente 2, les images générées par l'unité de génération d'images 3.To this end, the display 1 comprises a semi-transparent blade 2 placed in the driver's field of vision, an image generation device 3 suitable for generating images and an image projection device 4 suitable for returning, towards said semi-transparent blade 2, the images generated by the image generation unit 3.

Plus précisément, la lame semi-transparente 2 est ici un combineur 2, c'est-à-dire une lame semi-transparente dédiée à l'afficheur tête haute 1.More precisely, the semi-transparent blade 2 is here a combiner 2, that is to say a semi-transparent blade dedicated to the head-up display 1.

Un tel combineur 2 est ici placé entre le pare-brise 9 du véhicule et les yeux du conducteur.Such a combiner 2 is here placed between the windshield 9 of the vehicle and the eyes of the driver.

En variante, la lame semi-transparente pourrait être confondue avec le pare-brise du véhicule. Autrement dit, dans cette variante, c'est le pare-brise du véhicule qui a la fonction de lame-semi transparente pour l'afficheur tête haute.Alternatively, the semi-transparent blade could be confused with the windshield of the vehicle. In other words, in this variant, it is the windshield of the vehicle which has the semi-transparent blade function for the head-up display.

Par ailleurs, ici, le dispositif de projection d'images comprend un miroir de repliement 4 agencé de manière à réfléchir les images générées par le dispositif de génération 3 d'images en direction de la lame semi-transparente 2. Ici, ledit miroir de repliement est un miroir plan.Moreover, here, the image projection device comprises a folding mirror 4 arranged so as to reflect the images generated by the image generation device 3 in the direction of the semi-transparent plate 2. Here, said folding mirror folding is a plane mirror.

En variante, le dispositif de projection d'images pourrait comprendre une pluralité de miroirs et/ou d'autres éléments optiques tels qu'une lentille par exemple.As a variant, the image projection device could comprise a plurality of mirrors and/or other optical elements such as a lens for example.

Le dispositif de génération 3 d'images comprend quant à lui au moins une source de lumière 6, un écran 5 rétroéclairé par cette source de lumière 6, et un réflecteur 7. On a ainsi schématiquement représenté par la flèche L sur les figures la transmission de la lumière de la source de lumière 6 vers l'écran 5.The image generation device 3 comprises for its part at least one light source 6, a screen 5 backlit by this light source 6, and a reflector 7. There is thus schematically represented by the arrow L in the figures the transmission of light from light source 6 to screen 5.

La source de lumière 6 est ici une diode électroluminescente (ou LED pour "Light Emitting Diode") et l'écran 5 est ici un écran à cristaux liquides (ou LCD pour "Liquid Crystal Display"), par exemple à transistors en couche mince (ou TFT pour "Thin-Film Transistor"). Des exemples de réalisation d'un tel écran sont décrits dans la suite.The light source 6 is here a light-emitting diode (or LED for “ Light Emitting Diode ”) and the screen 5 is here a liquid crystal screen (or LCD for “ Liquid Crystal Display ”), for example with thin film transistors (or TFT for " Thin-Film Transistor "). Examples of embodiments of such a screen are described below.

La figure 2 présente un premier exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The figure 2 presents a first embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans ce premier exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un polariseur d'entrée 20 ;
  • une première vitre 12 ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 10 ;
  • une seconde vitre 14 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 16 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 22.
In this first example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the path of the light L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • an input polarizer 20;
  • a first pane 12;
  • a matrix of liquid crystals 10;
  • a second pane 14;
  • a matrix of colored elements 16;
  • an output polarizer 22.

Le polariseur d'entrée 20 et le polariseur de sortie 22 sont ici des filtres polariseurs par absorption (d'où un échauffement important au niveau de ces polariseurs 20, 22). Le polariseur d'entrée 20 et le polariseur de sortie 22 ont respectivement un premier axe et un second axe perpendiculaires entre eux (dans le cadre de la technologie dite "normalement éteint", ou NB pour "normally black"). (On rappelle que l'axe d'un polariseur est la direction de polarisation rectiligne du faisceau lumineux après passage à travers le polariseur.)The input polarizer 20 and the output polarizer 22 are here absorption polarizer filters (hence significant heating at the level of these polarizers 20, 22). The input polarizer 20 and the output polarizer 22 respectively have a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other (in the context of the so-called “ normally off ” technology, or NB for “ normally black ”). (Recall that the axis of a polarizer is the direction of rectilinear polarization of the light beam after passing through the polarizer.)

Ainsi, si aucun élément de la matrice de cristaux liquides 10 n'est actif, le faisceau lumineux entre le polariseur d'entrée 20 et le polariseur de sortie 22 sera polarisé selon le premier axe (axe du polariseur d'entrée 20) et aucune lumière ne sera donc émise en sortie du polariseur de sortie 22.Thus, if no element of the liquid crystal matrix 10 is active, the light beam between the input polarizer 20 and the output polarizer 22 will be polarized along the first axis (axis of the input polarizer 20) and no light will therefore be emitted at the output of the output polarizer 22.

Par activation adaptée des éléments de la matrice de cristaux liquides 10 (au moyen d'un module de commande non représentée), la polarisation de certaines parties du faisceau lumineux est modifiée au niveau de la matrice de cristaux liquides 10 de sorte que de la lumière est émise en sortie du polariseur de sortie 22 au niveau de régions correspondants auxdites parties du faisceau lumineux.By suitable activation of the elements of the liquid crystal matrix 10 (by means of a control module not shown), the polarization of certain parts of the light beam is modified at the level of the liquid crystal matrix 10 so that light is emitted at the output of the output polarizer 22 at the level of regions corresponding to said parts of the light beam.

Pour chaque pixel de l'écran 5, la matrice d'éléments colorés 16 comprend une pluralité d'éléments colorés (ici un élément rouge, un élément vert et un élément bleu) à travers chacun desquels il est possible de faire passer une intensité réglable de lumière par activation adaptée de l'élément correspondant de la matrice à cristaux liquides 10, comme indiqué ci-dessus.For each pixel of the screen 5, the matrix of colored elements 16 comprises a plurality of colored elements (here a red element, a green element and a blue element) through each of which it is possible to pass an adjustable intensity of light by suitable activation of the corresponding element of the liquid crystal matrix 10, as indicated above.

On obtient ainsi une couleur souhaitée pour chaque pixel, par combinaison additive des lumières traversant les différents éléments colorés de ce pixel.A desired color is thus obtained for each pixel, by additive combination of the lights passing through the various colored elements of this pixel.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 sont montés dans un premier capot 30 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 30 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches des éléments en forme de plaque précités 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 are mounted in a first cover 30 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 30 essentially extends around the slices of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.

Le premier capot 30 comprend en outre une partie transversale 31 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 22 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22. Une fenêtre 32 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 31 du premier capot 30 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 30 further comprises a transverse part 31 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 22 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 A window 32 is however formed in this transverse part 31 of the first cover 30 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 30 est lui-même reçu dans un second capot 40 (également couvert par l'appellation "bezel" susmentionnée). Le second capot 40 est un capot métallique.The first cover 30 is itself received in a second cover 40 (also covered by the name " bezel " mentioned above). The second cover 40 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 40 s'étend autour du premier capot 30 sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 30 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 40 comprend en outre une partie transversale 41 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de l'extrémité circonférentielle du premier capot 30 et d'une partie de la face d'entrée du polariseur d'entrée 20 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22. Une fenêtre 42 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 41 du second capot 40 pour permettre l'entrée de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 40 extends around the first cover 30 over the greater part of the length of the first cover 30 (in the direction of the path of the light). The second cover 40 further comprises a transverse part 41 which extends to the right of (and in contact with) the circumferential end of the first cover 30 and a part of the input face of the input polarizer 20 so as to retaining the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 axially. A window 42 is however formed in the transverse part 41 of the second cover 40 to allow entry of the light generated by the light 6.

L'écran 5 comprend en outre un élément transparent 50 réalisé en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée et destiné à évacuer la chaleur, en particulier celle générée au niveau du polariseur d'entrée 20.The screen 5 further comprises a transparent element 50 made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO) and intended to evacuate the heat, in particular that generated at the level of the input polarizer 20.

Pour ce faire, l'élément transparent 50 est ici disposé au contact du second capot 40. Dans le présent mode de réalisation, l'élément transparent 50 est agencé à l'extérieur du second capot 40, en entourant le second capot 40 comme expliqué à présent.To do this, the transparent element 50 is here arranged in contact with the second cover 40. In the present embodiment, the transparent element 50 is arranged outside the second cover 40, surrounding the second cover 40 as explained now.

L'élément transparent 40 comprend une base 52 qui s'étend transversalement au trajet de la lumière (et donc dans le cas présent parallèlement à la partie transversale 41 du second capot 40), au droit de la totalité de la surface d'entrée du polariseur d'entrée 20.The transparent element 40 comprises a base 52 which extends transversely to the path of the light (and therefore in the present case parallel to the transverse part 41 of the second cover 40), in line with the entire entry surface of the input polarizer 20.

L'élément transparent 40 comprend ici en outre des parois latérales 54 qui s'étendent à partir de régions périphériques de la base 52 et au contact du second capot 40 (précisément des régions du second capot 40 entourant les éléments en forme de plaque 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22).The transparent element 40 here further comprises side walls 54 which extend from peripheral regions of the base 52 and in contact with the second cover 40 (specifically regions of the second cover 40 surrounding the plate-shaped elements 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22).

L'élément transparent 50 est éventuellement monté collé sur le second capot 40.The transparent element 50 is optionally mounted glued on the second cover 40.

La chaleur générée par l'écran 5 (en particulier au niveau du polariseur d'entrée 20) est transmise au second capot 40 au niveau de sa partie transversale 41 (en contact avec le polariseur d'entrée 20), puis à l'élément transparent 50.The heat generated by the screen 5 (in particular at the level of the input polarizer 20) is transmitted to the second cover 40 at the level of its transverse part 41 (in contact with the input polarizer 20), then to the element transparent 50.

On peut prévoir en outre un radiateur (non représenté) monté au contact du second capot 40 et/ou de l'élément transparent 50.It is also possible to provide a radiator (not shown) mounted in contact with the second cover 40 and/or the transparent element 50.

Afin d'améliorer encore l'évacuation de chaleur, on peut prévoir de remplir de colle transparente la fenêtre 42 formée dans le second capot 40. En effet, la chaleur pourra alors s'évacuer du polariseur d'entrée 20 à l'élément transparent 50 via la colle transparente.In order to further improve the evacuation of heat, provision can be made to fill the window 42 formed in the second cover 40 with transparent glue. Indeed, the heat can then be evacuated from the input polarizer 20 to the transparent element 50 via transparent glue.

En variante, on peut prévoir que la base 52 de l'élément transparent 50 présente une excroissance qui s'étende dans la fenêtre 42 du second capot 40 jusqu'au contact du polariseur d'entrée 20 de sorte que la chaleur pourra s'évacuer directement du polariseur d'entrée 20 à l'élément transparent 50.As a variant, it is possible to provide that the base 52 of the transparent element 50 has a protrusion which extends into the window 42 of the second cover 40 up to the contact of the input polarizer 20 so that the heat can be evacuated. directly from the input polarizer 20 to the transparent element 50.

L'oxyde de magnésium a une bonne conductivité thermique, de l'ordre de 47 W/mK, ce qui permet d'évacuer efficacement la chaleur dans les différentes dispositions envisagées ci-dessus.Magnesium oxide has good thermal conductivity, of the order of 47 W/mK, which makes it possible to efficiently evacuate the heat in the various arrangements envisaged above.

On peut prévoir en outre que la base 52 de l'élément transparent 50 porte, par exemple sur sa face tournée vers la source de lumière, un ensemble de lignes métalliques formant une grille métallique de sorte que l'élément transparent 50 (muni de cette grille métallique) forme un polariseur réfléchissant (avec un axe de polarisation identique à celui du polariseur d'entrée 20).Provision can also be made for the base 52 of the transparent element 50 to carry, for example on its face facing the light source, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid so that the transparent element 50 (provided with this metal grid) forms a reflective polarizer (with an axis of polarization identical to that of the input polarizer 20).

Les lignes métalliques sont par exemple produites par dépôt sous vide sur l'élément transparent 50 (par condensation de vapeur métallique en un film uniforme à la surface de l'élément transparent 50), puis au moyen d'un procédé de lithographie (suppression des parties métalliques non protégées par une résine afin de forme les lignes métalliques).The metallic lines are for example produced by vacuum deposition on the transparent element 50 (by condensation of metallic vapor in a uniform film on the surface of the transparent element 50), then by means of a lithography process (removal of metal parts not protected by a resin in order to form the metal lines).

L'élément transparent 50 assure ainsi en outre une fonction (optique) de polarisation.The transparent element 50 thus also performs an (optical) polarization function.

Ainsi, les rayons lumineux dont la polarisation ne correspond pas à celle de l'élément transparent 50 (ni par conséquent à celle du polariseur d'entrée 20) sont réfléchis vers l'intérieur du dispositif de formation d'image 3, en général vers le réflecteur 7, où ils peuvent être réfléchis à nouveau et éventuellement renvoyés vers l'élément transparent 50 avec une polarisation correspondant cette fois à celle de l'élément transparent 50.Thus, the light rays whose polarization does not correspond to that of the transparent element 50 (nor consequently to that of the input polarizer 20) are reflected towards the interior of the image-forming device 3, in general towards the reflector 7, where they can be reflected again and possibly sent back towards the transparent element 50 with a polarization corresponding this time to that of the transparent element 50.

On décrit ci-dessous d'autres exemples de réalisation envisageables pour l'écran 5. Par souci de concision, on ne décrira pas à nouveau dans la description qui suit les aspects de fonctionnement qui ont déjà été présentés ci-dessus en référence à la figure 2.Other exemplary embodiments that can be envisaged for screen 5 are described below. For the sake of brevity, the following description will not describe again the operating aspects which have already been presented above with reference figure 2 .

La figure 3 présente un second exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The picture 3 presents a second embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans cet exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un polariseur d'entrée 120 ;
  • une première vitre 112 ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 110 ;
  • une seconde vitre 114 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 116 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 122.
In this example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the light path L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection device 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • an input polarizer 120;
  • a first pane 112;
  • a liquid crystal matrix 110;
  • a second pane 114;
  • a matrix of colored elements 116;
  • an output polarizer 122.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 sont montés dans un premier capot 130 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 130 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches des éléments en forme de plaque précités 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 are mounted in a first cover 130 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 130 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.

Le premier capot 130 comprend en outre une partie transversale 131 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 122 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122. Une fenêtre 132 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 131 du premier capot 130 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 130 further comprises a transverse part 131 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 122 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 A window 132 is however formed in this transverse part 131 of the first cover 130 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 130 est lui-même reçu dans un second capot 140 (également couvert par l'appellation "bezel" susmentionnée). Le second capot 140 est un capot métallique.The first cowl 130 is itself received in a second cowl 140 (also covered by the name " bezel " mentioned above). The second cover 140 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 140 s'étend autour du premier capot 130 sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 130 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 140 comprend en outre une partie transversale 141 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de l'extrémité circonférentielle du premier capot 130 et d'une partie de la face d'entrée du polariseur d'entrée 120 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122. Une fenêtre 142 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 141 du second capot 140 pour permettre l'entrée de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 140 extends around the first cover 130 on the most large part of the length of the first cover 130 (in the direction of the light path). The second cover 140 further comprises a transverse part 141 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the circumferential end of the first cover 130 and part of the input face of the input polarizer 120 so as to retaining the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 110, 112, 114, 116, 120, 122 axially. light 6.

L'écran 5 comprend en outre un élément transparent 150 réalisé, sous forme de plaque, en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée et destiné à évacuer la chaleur, en particulier celle générée au niveau du polariseur d'entrée 120.The screen 5 further comprises a transparent element 150 made, in the form of a plate, of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO) and intended to evacuate the heat, in particular that generated at the level of the input polarizer 120 .

Pour ce faire, l'élément transparent 150 est disposé au contact du second capot 140, ici contre la partie transversale 142 du second capot 140. L'élément transparent 150 est par exemple collé à la partie transversale 142 du second capot 140.To do this, the transparent element 150 is placed in contact with the second cover 140, here against the transverse part 142 of the second cover 140. The transparent element 150 is for example glued to the transverse part 142 of the second cover 140.

Afin d'améliorer encore l'évacuation de chaleur, on peut prévoir de remplir de colle transparente la fenêtre 142 formée dans le second capot 140. En variante, on peut prévoir que l'élément transparent 150 présente une excroissance qui s'étende dans la fenêtre 142 du second capot 140 jusqu'au contact du polariseur d'entrée 120 de sorte que la chaleur pourra s'évacuer directement du polariseur d'entrée 120 à l'élément transparent 150.In order to further improve heat dissipation, provision may be made to fill window 142 formed in second cover 140 with transparent glue. Alternatively, provision may be made for transparent element 150 to have a protrusion which extends into the window 142 of the second cover 140 until it comes into contact with the input polarizer 120 so that the heat can be evacuated directly from the input polarizer 120 to the transparent element 150.

L'élément transparent 150 peut en outre porter, par exemple sur sa face tournée vers la source de lumière 6, un ensemble de lignes métalliques formant une grille métallique de sorte que l'élément transparent 150 (muni de cette grille métallique) forme un polariseur réfléchissant (avec un axe de polarisation identique à celui du polariseur d'entrée 120).The transparent element 150 can also carry, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid so that the transparent element 150 (provided with this metal grid) forms a polarizer reflecting (with a polarization axis identical to that of the input polarizer 120).

La figure 4 présente un troisième exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The figure 4 presents a third embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans cet exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un élément transparent 250 ;
  • un polariseur d'entrée 220 ;
  • une première vitre 212 ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 210 ;
  • une seconde vitre 214 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 216 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 222.
In this example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the light path L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection device 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • a transparent element 250;
  • an input polarizer 220;
  • a first pane 212;
  • a liquid crystal matrix 210;
  • a second pane 214;
  • a matrix of colored elements 216;
  • an output polarizer 222.

L'élément transparent 250 est réalisé en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée.The transparent element 250 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).

L'élément transparent 250 est ainsi disposé au contact du polariseur d'entrée 220 et peut ainsi évacuer la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5, en particulier la chaleur générée au niveau du polariseur d'entrée 220.The transparent element 250 is thus placed in contact with the input polarizer 220 and can thus evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5, in particular the heat generated at the level of the input polarizer 220.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 (sauf l'élément transparent 250) sont montés dans un premier capot 230 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 230 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches des éléments en forme de plaque précités 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 (sauf ici autour de l'élément transparent 250) de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 (except the transparent element 250) are mounted in a first cover 230 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 230 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 (except here around the transparent element 250) so as to retain these elements in form of plate pressed against each other.

Le premier capot 230 comprend en outre une partie transversale 231 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 222 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222, 250. Une fenêtre 232 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 231 du premier capot 230 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 230 further comprises a transverse part 231 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 222 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222 , 250. A window 232 is however formed in this transverse part 231 of the first cover 230 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 230 et l'élément transparent 250 sont reçus dans un second capot 240. Le second capot 240 est un capot métallique.The first cover 230 and the transparent element 250 are received in a second cover 240. The second cover 240 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 240 s'étend autour de l'élément transparent 250 et du premier capot 130, sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 130 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 240 comprend en outre une partie transversale 241 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de la partie périphérique de l'élément transparent 250 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222, 250. Une fenêtre 242 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 241 du second capot 240 (au droit de la partie centrale de l'élément transparent 250) pour permettre l'entrée, dans l'écran 5 et à travers l'élément transparent 250, de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 240 extends around the transparent element 250 and the first cover 130, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 130 (in the direction of the path of the light). The second cover 240 further comprises a transverse part 241 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the transparent element 250 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 210, 212, 214, 216, 220, 222, 250. A window 242 is however formed in the transverse part 241 of the second cover 240 (in line with the central part of the transparent element 250) to allow the entry, into the screen 5 and through the transparent element 250, of the light generated by the light source 6.

Le présent mode de réalisation permet lui aussi une évacuation particulièrement efficace de la chaleur générée par l'écran 5. Le polariseur d'entrée 220 est en effet en contact, au niveau de toute sa face d'entrée, avec l'élément transparent 250, lequel est en contact avec le second capot 240 vers lequel s'évacue facilement la chaleur (grâce à bonne conductivité thermique de l'élément transparent 250 en oxyde de magnésium et du second capot 240 métallique). Un radiateur (non représenté) peut en outre être formé ou monté sur le second capot 240.This embodiment also allows a particularly effective evacuation of the heat generated by the screen 5. The input polarizer 220 is in fact in contact, at the level of its entire input face, with the transparent element 250 , which is in contact with the second cover 240 towards which the heat is easily evacuated (thanks to the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 250 made of magnesium oxide and of the second metal cover 240). A radiator (not shown) may further be formed or mounted on the second cover 240.

Par ailleurs, on peut prévoir éventuellement de relier l'élément transparent 250 et le polariseur d'entrée 220 au moyen d'une colle transparente, ce qui ne remet pas en cause le fonctionnement qui vient d'être décrit.Furthermore, provision may be made to connect the transparent element 250 and the input polarizer 220 by means of a transparent glue, which does not call into question the operation which has just been described.

L'élément transparent 250 peut en outre porter, par exemple sur sa face tournée vers la source de lumière 6, un ensemble de lignes métalliques formant une grille métallique de sorte que l'élément transparent 250 (muni de cette grille métallique) forme un polariseur réfléchissant (avec un axe de polarisation identique à celui du polariseur d'entrée 220).The transparent element 250 can also carry, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid so that the transparent element 250 (provided with this metal grid) forms a polarizer reflective (with an axis of polarization identical to that of the input polarizer 220).

La figure 5 présente un quatrième exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The figure 5 presents a fourth embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans cet exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un élément transparent 350 formant polariseur d'entrée ;
  • une première vitre 312 ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 310 ;
  • une seconde vitre 314 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 316 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 322.
In this example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the light path L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection device 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • a transparent element 350 forming an input polarizer;
  • a first pane 312;
  • a liquid crystal matrix 310;
  • a second pane 314;
  • a matrix of colored elements 316;
  • an output polarizer 322.

L'élément transparent 350 est réalisé en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée.The transparent element 350 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).

Afin d'assurer la fonction de polariseur d'entrée (voir notamment la description présentée ci-dessus en référence à la figure 1 sur le fonctionnement de l'écran 5), l'élément transparent 350 porte, par exemple sur sa face tournée vers la source de lumière 6, un ensemble de lignes métalliques formant une grille métallique.In order to perform the input polarizer function (see in particular the description presented above with reference to the figure 1 on the operation of the screen 5), the transparent element 350 carries, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid.

L'élément transparent 350 est ainsi disposé au contact des autres éléments en forme de plaque et peut évacuer la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5.The transparent element 350 is thus placed in contact with the other elements in the form of a plate and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 sont montés dans un premier capot 330 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 330 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches des éléments en forme de plaque précités 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 are mounted in a first cover 330 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 330 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.

Le premier capot 330 comprend en outre une partie transversale 331 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 322 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350. Une fenêtre 332 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 331 du premier capot 330 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 330 further comprises a transverse part 331 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 322 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350 A window 332 is however formed in this transverse part 331 of the first cover 330 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 330 est quant à lui reçu dans un second capot 340. Le second capot 340 est un capot métallique.The first cover 330 is received in a second cover 340. The second cover 340 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 340 s'étend autour du premier capot 330, sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 330 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 340 comprend en outre une partie transversale 341 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de la partie périphérique de l'élément transparent 350 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350. Une fenêtre 342 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 341 du second capot 340 (au droit de la partie centrale de l'élément transparent 350) pour permettre l'entrée, dans l'écran 5 et à travers l'élément transparent 350, de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 340 extends around the first cover 330, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 330 (in the direction of the path of the light). The second cover 340 further comprises a transverse part 341 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the transparent element 350 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 310, 312, 314, 316, 322, 350. A window 342 is however formed in the transverse part 341 of the second cover 340 (in line with the central part of the transparent element 350) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and through the transparent element 350, of the light generated by the light source 6.

Dans le présent mode de réalisation, la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5 est évacuée via l'élément transparent 350 vers le second capot 340 (grâce notamment au contact entre l'élément transparent 350 et le second capot 340 au niveau de la partie périphérique de l'élément transparent 350, ainsi qu'à la bonne conductivité thermique de l'élément transparent 350 en oxyde de magnésium). Un radiateur (non représenté) peut en outre être formé ou monté sur le second capot 340.In the present embodiment, the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 350 towards the second cover 340 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 350 and the second cover 340 at the level of the peripheral part of the transparent element 350, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 350 in oxide of magnesium). A radiator (not shown) may further be formed or mounted on the second cover 340.

La figure 6 présente un cinquième exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The figure 6 presents a fifth embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans cet exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un polariseur d'entrée 420 ;
  • un élément transparent 450 ;
  • une première vitre 412 ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 410 ;
  • une seconde vitre 414 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 416 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 422.
In this example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the light path L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection device 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • an input polarizer 420;
  • a transparent element 450;
  • a first pane 412;
  • a liquid crystal matrix 410;
  • a second pane 414;
  • a matrix of colored elements 416;
  • an output polarizer 422.

L'élément transparent 450 est réalisé en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée.The transparent element 450 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).

L'élément transparent 450 est ainsi disposé au contact des autres éléments en forme de plaque, ici entre le polariseur d'entrée 420 et la première vitre 412, et peut évacuer la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5.The transparent element 450 is thus placed in contact with the other elements in the form of a plate, here between the input polarizer 420 and the first pane 412, and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450 sont montés dans un premier capot 430 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 430 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches d'une partie des éléments en forme de plaque précités 410, 412, 414, 416, 422 de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450 are mounted in a first cover 430 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 430 extends essentially around the edges of a part of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 422 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other. .

Le premier capot 430 comprend en outre une partie transversale 431 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 422 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450. Une fenêtre 432 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 431 du premier capot 430 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 430 further comprises a transverse part 431 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 422 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422 , 450. A window 432 is however formed in this transverse part 431 of the first cover 430 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 430 est quant à lui reçu dans un second capot 440. Le second capot 440 est un capot métallique.The first cover 430 is received in a second cover 440. The second cover 440 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 440 s'étend autour du premier capot 430, sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 430 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 440 comprend en outre une partie transversale 441 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de la partie périphérique du polariseur d'entrée 420 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450. Une fenêtre 442 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 441 du second capot 440 (au droit de la partie centrale du polariseur d'entrée 420) pour permettre l'entrée, dans l'écran 5 et à travers le polariseur d'entrée 420, de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 440 extends around the first cover 430, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 430 (in the direction of the path of the light). The second cover 440 further comprises a transverse part 441 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the input polarizer 420 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 420, 422, 450. A window 442 is however formed in the transverse part 441 of the second cover 440 (in line with the central part of the input polarizer 420) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and from through input polarizer 420, light generated by light source 6.

L'élément transparent 450 a des dimensions légèrement supérieures à celles des autres éléments en forme de plaque 410, 412, 414, 416, 422 de sorte que l'élément transparent 450 s'étend (au niveau de sa tranche) au contact du second capot 440.The transparent element 450 has dimensions slightly greater than those of the other plate-shaped elements 410, 412, 414, 416, 422 so that the transparent element 450 extends (at its edge) in contact with the second hood 440.

On pourrait prévoir alors que le polariseur d'entrée 420 ait des dimensions identiques à celles de l'élément transparent 450 de manière à être immobilisé entre le second capot 440 et l'élément transparent 450. En variante, on peut prévoir que le premier capot 430 s'étende également au niveau du polariseur d'entrée 420, comme dans le cas du sixième exemple représenté en figure 7. Dans l'exemple de réalisation décrit ici, comme représenté sur la figure 6, le second capot 440 est conformé pour s'adapter, au niveau du polariseur d'entrée 420, aux dimensions extérieures du polariseur d'entrée 420.Provision could then be made for the input polarizer 420 to have dimensions identical to those of the transparent element 450 so as to be immobilized between the second cover 440 and the transparent element 450. Alternatively, provision may be made for the first cover 430 also extends to the input polarizer 420, as in the case of the sixth example shown in figure 7 . In the exemplary embodiment described here, as shown in the figure 6 , the second cover 440 is shaped to adapt, at the level of the input polarizer 420, to the external dimensions of the input polarizer 420.

Dans le présent mode de réalisation, la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5 est évacuée via l'élément transparent 450 vers le second capot 440 (grâce notamment au contact entre l'élément transparent 450 et le second capot 440 au niveau de la tranche de l'élément transparent 450, ainsi qu'à la bonne conductivité thermique de l'élément transparent 450 en oxyde de magnésium). Un radiateur (non représenté) peut en outre être formé ou monté sur le second capot 440.In the present embodiment, the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 450 towards the second cover 440 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 450 and the second cover 440 at the level of the edge of the transparent element 450, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 450 made of magnesium oxide). A radiator (not shown) can also be formed or mounted on the second cover 440.

La figure 7 présente un sixième exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The figure 7 presents a sixth embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans cet exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un polariseur d'entrée 520 ;
  • un élément transparent 550 formant une première vitre pour retenue des cristaux liquides ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 510 ;
  • une seconde vitre 514 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 516 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 522.
In this example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the light path L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection device 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • an input polarizer 520;
  • a transparent element 550 forming a first pane for retaining the liquid crystals;
  • a liquid crystal array 510;
  • a second pane 514;
  • a matrix of colored elements 516;
  • an output polarizer 522.

L'élément transparent 550 est réalisé en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée.The transparent element 550 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).

L'élément transparent 550 est ainsi disposé au cœur de l'écran 5, ici entre le polariseur d'entrée 520 et la matrice de cristaux liquides 510, et peut évacuer la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5.The transparent element 550 is thus placed at the heart of the screen 5, here between the input polarizer 520 and the liquid crystal matrix 510, and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550 sont montés dans un premier capot 530 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 530 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches des éléments en forme de plaque précités 510, 514, 516, 520, 522 (sauf en ce qui concerne l'élément transparent 550) de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550 are mounted in a first cover 530 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 530 extends essentially around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522 (except as regards the transparent element 550) so as to retain these shaped elements. plates pressed against each other.

Le premier capot 530 comprend en outre une partie transversale 531 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 522 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550. Une fenêtre 532 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 531 du premier capot 530 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 530 further comprises a transverse part 531 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 522 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550 A window 532 is however formed in this transverse part 531 of the first cover 530 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 530 est quant à lui reçu dans un second capot 540. Le second capot 540 est un capot métallique.The first cover 530 is received in a second cover 540. The second cover 540 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 540 s'étend autour du premier capot 530, sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 530 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 540 comprend en outre une partie transversale 541 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de la partie périphérique du polariseur d'entrée 520 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550. Une fenêtre 542 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 541 du second capot 540 (au droit de la partie centrale du polariseur d'entrée 520) pour permettre l'entrée, dans l'écran 5 et à travers le polariseur d'entrée 520, de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 540 extends around the first cover 530, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 530 (in the direction of the path of the light). The second cover 540 further comprises a transverse part 541 which extends in line with (and in contact with) the peripheral part of the input polarizer 520 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522, 550. A window 542 is however formed in the transverse part 541 of the second cover 540 (in line with the central part of the input polarizer 520) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and through the polarizer input 520, the light generated by the light source 6.

L'élément transparent 550 a, sur une partie au moins de sa périphérie, des dimensions légèrement supérieures à celles des autres éléments en forme de plaque 510, 514, 516, 520, 522 de sorte que l'élément transparent 550 s'étend, à travers des ouvertures formées dans le premier capot 530, au contact du second capot 540 (au niveau d'une partie au moins de la tranche de l'élément transparent 550).The transparent element 550 has, over at least part of its periphery, dimensions slightly greater than those of the other plate-shaped elements 510, 514, 516, 520, 522 so that the transparent element 550 extends, through openings formed in the first cover 530, in contact with the second cover 540 (at the level of at least part of the edge of the transparent element 550).

Dans le présent mode de réalisation, la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5 est évacuée via l'élément transparent 550 vers le second capot 540 (grâce notamment au contact entre l'élément transparent 550 et le second capot 540 sur une partie au moins de la tranche de l'élément transparent 550, ainsi qu'à la bonne conductivité thermique de l'élément transparent 550 en oxyde de magnésium). Un radiateur (non représenté) peut en outre être formé ou monté sur le second capot 540.In the present embodiment, the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 550 towards the second cover 540 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 550 and the second cover 540 on a part at the less than the edge of the transparent element 550, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 550 made of magnesium oxide). A radiator (not shown) may further be formed or mounted on the second cover 540.

La figure 8 présente un septième exemple de réalisation de l'écran 5.The figure 8 presents a seventh embodiment of the screen 5.

Dans cet exemple, l'écran 5 comprend, dans cet ordre dans le sens du trajet de la lumière L (c'est-à-dire de la partie située du côté de la source de lumière 6 au côté situé vers le dispositif de projection 4), les éléments (ou lames) en forme de plaque qui suivent (chaque élément étant en contact avec le ou les éléments voisin(s)) :

  • un élément transparent 650 formant polariseur d'entrée et vitre de retenue des cristaux liquides ;
  • une matrice de cristaux liquides 610 ;
  • une vitre 614 ;
  • une matrice d'éléments colorés 616 ;
  • un polariseur de sortie 622.
In this example, the screen 5 comprises, in this order in the direction of the light path L (that is to say from the part located on the side of the light source 6 to the side located towards the projection device 4), the following plate-shaped elements (or blades) (each element being in contact with the neighboring element(s)):
  • a transparent element 650 forming an input polarizer and liquid crystal retaining window;
  • a matrix of liquid crystals 610;
  • a window 614;
  • a matrix of colored elements 616;
  • an output polarizer 622.

L'élément transparent 650 est réalisé en magnésie (ou oxyde de magnésium, de formule MgO) frittée.The transparent element 650 is made of sintered magnesia (or magnesium oxide, of formula MgO).

Afin d'assurer la fonction de polariseur d'entrée (voir notamment la description présentée ci-dessus en référence à la figure 1 sur le fonctionnement de l'écran 5), l'élément transparent 650 porte, par exemple sur sa face tournée vers la source de lumière 6, un ensemble de lignes métalliques formant une grille métallique.In order to perform the input polarizer function (see in particular the description presented above with reference to the figure 1 on the operation of the screen 5), the transparent element 650 carries, for example on its face facing the light source 6, a set of metal lines forming a metal grid.

L'élément transparent 650 est ainsi disposé au contact des autres éléments en forme de plaque et peut évacuer la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5.The transparent element 650 is thus placed in contact with the other plate-shaped elements and can evacuate the heat generated within the screen 5.

Les éléments en forme de plaque précités 610, 614, 616, 622, 650 sont montés dans un premier capot 630 (parfois dénommé "bezel"), réalisé ici en matière plastique. Le premier capot 630 s'étend pour l'essentiel autour des tranches des éléments en forme de plaque précités 610, 614, 616, 622, 650 de manière à retenir ces éléments en forme de plaque plaqués les uns contre les autres.The aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650 are mounted in a first cover 630 (sometimes referred to as a " bezel "), made here of plastic material. The first cover 630 essentially extends around the edges of the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650 so as to retain these plate-shaped elements pressed against each other.

Le premier capot 630 comprend en outre une partie transversale 631 qui s'étend au contact de la face de sortie du polariseur de sortie 622 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 610, 614, 616, 622, 650. Une fenêtre 632 est toutefois formée dans cette partie transversale 631 du premier capot 630 pour permettre la sortie du faisceau lumineux généré par l'écran 5.The first cover 630 further comprises a transverse part 631 which extends in contact with the output face of the output polarizer 622 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650. window 632 is however formed in this transverse part 631 of the first cover 630 to allow the exit of the light beam generated by the screen 5.

Le premier capot 630 est quant à lui reçu dans un second capot 640. Le second capot 640 est un capot métallique.The first cover 630 is received in a second cover 640. The second cover 640 is a metal cover.

Le second capot 640 s'étend autour du premier capot 630, sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du premier capot 630 (selon la direction du trajet de la lumière). Le second capot 640 comprend en outre une partie transversale 641 qui s'étend au droit (et au contact) de la partie périphérique de l'élément transparent 650 de manière à retenir axialement les éléments en forme de plaque précités 610, 614, 616, 622, 650. Une fenêtre 642 est toutefois formée dans la partie transversale 641 du second capot 640 (au droit de la partie centrale de l'élément transparent 650) pour permettre l'entrée, dans l'écran 5 et à travers le polariseur d'entrée 620, de la lumière générée par la source de lumière 6.The second cover 640 extends around the first cover 630, over the greater part of the length of the first cover 630 (in the direction of the path of the light). The second cover 640 further comprises a transverse part 641 which extends to the right (and in contact) with the peripheral part of the transparent element 650 so as to axially retain the aforementioned plate-shaped elements 610, 614, 616, 622, 650. A window 642 is however formed in the transverse part 641 of the second cover 640 (in line with the central part of the transparent element 650) to allow entry, into the screen 5 and through the polarizer of input 620, of the light generated by the light source 6.

Dans le présent mode de réalisation, la chaleur générée au sein de l'écran 5 est évacuée via l'élément transparent 650 vers le second capot 640 (grâce notamment au contact entre l'élément transparent 650 et le second capot 640 au niveau de la partie périphérique de l'élément transparent 650, ainsi qu'à la bonne conductivité thermique de l'élément transparent 650 en oxyde de magnésium). Un radiateur (non représenté) peut en outre être formé ou monté sur le second capot 640.In the present embodiment, the heat generated within the screen 5 is evacuated via the transparent element 650 towards the second cover 640 (thanks in particular to the contact between the transparent element 650 and the second cover 640 at the level of the peripheral part of the transparent element 650, as well as the good thermal conductivity of the transparent element 650 in magnesium oxide). A radiator (not shown) can further be formed or mounted on the second cover 640.

Comme indiqué ci-dessus, pour l'ensemble des modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, l'élément transparent 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650 est obtenu au moyen d'un procédé de frittage.As indicated above, for all of the embodiments which have just been described, the transparent element 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650 is obtained by means of a sintering process.

Un tel procédé de frittage est par exemple du type "pressage isostatique à chaud" (ou HIP pour "Hot Isostatic Pressing") ou du type "frittage flash" (ou SPS pour "Spark Plasma Sintering"). Such a sintering process is for example of the “ hot isostatic pressing ” (or HIP for “ Hot Isostatic Pressing ”) type or of the “ flash sintering ” (or SPS for “ Spark Plasma Sintering ”) type .

On propose d'ici d'appliquer un tel procédé de frittage à une poudre d'oxyde de magnésium, ce qui permet d'obtenir facilement une céramique transparente, apte à former l'élément transparent 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650 précité. On se référera par exemple à l'article "MgO - Transparent Ceramics with High Thermal Conductivity", Fraunhofer IKTS Annual Report 2012/13 pour plus de détail sur un tel procédé d'obtention de l'élément transparent 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650.It is proposed here to apply such a sintering process to a magnesium oxide powder, which makes it possible to easily obtain a transparent ceramic, capable of forming the transparent element 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650 cited above. Reference may be made, for example, to the article " MgO - Transparent Ceramics with High Thermal Conductivity ", Fraunhofer IKTS Annual Report 2012/13 for more details on such a process for obtaining the transparent element 50, 150, 250, 350 , 450, 550, 650.

La transmittance d'un tel élément transparent est supérieure à 85% (de l'ordre de 86,5%).The transmittance of such a transparent element is greater than 85% (about 86.5%).

On pourra toutefois en dehors du cadre de l'invention telle que revendiquée utiliser en variante d'autres céramiques transparentes, là encore sous une forme frittée, c'est-à-dire obtenue par frittage.However, outside the scope of the invention as claimed, it is possible to use other transparent ceramics as a variant, here again in a sintered form, that is to say obtained by sintering.

On pourra par exemple utiliser une céramique transparente à base d'oxyde simple (Al2O3, ZrO2, Y2O3, Sc2O3 ou Lu2O3) ou à base d'oxyde complexe (Y3Al5O12, MgAl2O4 ou ZNAl2O4, voire Lu2TiO3, Lu2Zr2O7, Lu3NbO7, LaGdZr2O7, La9,33Si6O26, Sr2Y8(SiO4)6O2, Sr3Al2O6, BaAl4O7), ou encore à base non-oxyde (AION ou AIN). Dans chacun des exemples de réalisation présentés ci-dessus en référence aux figures 2 à 8, on pourra utiliser en dehors du cadre de l'invention telle que revendiquée un élément transparent formé d'une céramique transparente à base de l'un quelconque des matériaux qui viennent d'être listés.It is possible, for example, to use a transparent ceramic based on a simple oxide (Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Sc 2 O 3 or Lu 2 O 3 ) or based on a complex oxide (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , MgAl 2 O 4 or ZNAl 2 O 4 , or even Lu 2 TiO 3 , Lu 2 Zr 2 O 7 , Lu 3 NbO 7 , LaGdZr 2 O 7 , La 9.33 Si 6 O 26 , Sr 2 Y 8 ( SiO 4 ) 6 O 2 , Sr 3 Al 2 O 6 , BaAl 4 O 7 ), or else based on a non-oxide (AION or AIN). In each of the exemplary embodiments presented above with reference to the figures 2 to 8 , it is possible to use, outside the scope of the invention as claimed, a transparent element formed from a transparent ceramic based on any of the materials which have just been listed.

On remarque par ailleurs que la bonne conductivité thermique de l'oxyde de magnésium (typiquement comprise entre 45 W/mK et 60 W/mK) permet d'obtenir une bonne évacuation de la chaleur via l'élément transparent 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, même si celui-ci a une épaisseur limitée, par exemple comprise entre 0,5 mm et 3 mm. Dans les exemples décrits ici, on propose d'utiliser un élément transparent ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 1,5 mm, précisément entre 0,8 mm et 1,2 mm (par exemple une épaisseur de 1 mm).Note also that the good thermal conductivity of magnesium oxide (typically between 45 W/mK and 60 W/mK) makes it possible to obtain good heat removal via the transparent element 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, even if it has a limited thickness, for example between 0.5 mm and 3 mm. In the examples described here, it is proposed to use a transparent element having a thickness comprised between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, precisely between 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm (for example a thickness of 1 mm).

De manière générale, on propose d'utiliser en dehors du cadre de l'invention telle que revendiquée par exemple une céramique transparente ayant une conductivité thermique supérieure à 10 W/mK (par exemple à base de Y2O3, Sc2O3, Lu2O3, Y3Al5O12, MgAl2O4, ou AION), voire une conductivité thermique supérieure à 40 W/mK (par exemple une céramique transparente à base de MgO, comme déjà indiqué, ou à base de nitrure d'aluminium : AIN dont la conductivité thermique vaut 320 W/mK).In general, it is proposed to use, outside the scope of the invention as claimed, for example a transparent ceramic having a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W/mK (for example based on Y 2 O 3 , Sc 2 O 3 , Lu 2 O 3 , Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , MgAl 2 O 4 , or AION), or even a thermal conductivity greater than 40 W/mK (for example a transparent ceramic based on MgO, as already indicated, or based on aluminum nitride: AIN whose thermal conductivity is 320 W/mK).

Dans la description qui précède, l'élément transparent est situé au niveau (ou à proximité) de la face d'entrée de la lumière L dans l'écran 5. On pourrait toutefois prévoir, en variante ou en surplus, un élément transparent du même type au niveau (ou à proximité) de la face de sortie de la lumière, c'est-à-dire de la face tournée vers le miroir de renvoi 4. On peut ainsi évacuer de la chaleur générée au niveau de cette face de sortie. Dans le cas d'utilisation d'un élément transparent en oxyde de magnésium, on profite alors en outre de la faible réflexion en surface de l'élément transparent (réflexion en surface 7% plus faible qu'avec un élément en oxyde d'aluminium par exemple), ce qui limite les reflets présents sur la face externe du dispositif de génération d'image.In the foregoing description, the transparent element is located at (or close to) the face of entry of the light L into the screen 5. One could however provide, as a variant or in addition, a transparent element of the same type at (or close to) the light exit face, that is to say the face facing the deflection mirror 4. It is thus possible to evacuate the heat generated at the level of this face of exit. In the case of the use of a transparent element made of magnesium oxide, one then further benefits from the low surface reflection of the transparent element (surface reflection 7% lower than with an element made of aluminum oxide for example), which limits the reflections present on the external face of the image-generating device.

Dans ce contexte notamment (mais également dans les exemples présentés ci-dessus), l'élément transparent peut en outre avoir un traitement anti-reflet pour améliorer sa transmittance.In this context in particular (but also in the examples presented above), the transparent element may also have an anti-reflection treatment to improve its transmittance.

Claims (6)

  1. Image-generating device (3) comprising a light source (6) that produces a light beam and a screen (5) that is passed through by the light beam and that is designed to modify the light beam so as to form an image, in which device the screen (5) comprises a transparent element (50; 150; 250; 350; 450; 550; 650) that is passed through by the light beam and that is arranged to remove the heat generated in the screen (5), and the following plate-shaped elements: an entrance polarizer (20, 120, 220, 420, 520), a first glass sheet (12, 112, 212, 312, 412), a liquid-crystal matrix array (10; 110; 210; 310; 410; 510; 610), a second glass sheet (14, 114, 214, 314, 414, 514, 614), a matrix array of colour elements (16, 116, 216, 316, 416, 516, 616), an exit polarizer (22, 122, 222, 322, 422, 522, 622), the transparent element possibly bearing the entrance polarizer and/or forming the first glass sheet; and in which device said transparent element (50; 150; 250; 350; 450; 550; 650) is made of sintered transparent ceramic said ceramic being a magnesium oxide; and in which device the screen (5) comprises a cover formed on the one hand from a first cover (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530; 630) and on the other hand from a metal second cover (40; 140; 240; 340; 440; 540; 640), the first cover comprising a transverse portion (31, 131, 231, 331, 431, 531, 631) that extends so as to make contact with an exit face of the exit polarizer (22, 122, 222, 322, 422, 522, 622), a window (32, 132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632) being formed in said transverse portion in order to allow the light beam generated by the screen to exit, the first cover being accommodated in the second cover, the second cover extending around the first cover over most of the length of the first cover, the second cover comprising a transverse portion (41, 141, 241, 341, 441, 541, 641) that extends in line and makes contact with a circumferential end of the first cover and/or of the entrance polarizer, a window (42, 142, 242, 342, 442, 542, 642) being formed in the transverse portion of the second cover in order to allow the light generated by the light source (6) to enter, the transverse portions of the first and second covers axially retaining the constituent plate-shaped elements of the screen (5); and in which device the transparent element (50; 150; 250; 350; 450; 550; 650) makes thermal contact with the metal second cover (40; 140; 240; 340; 440; 540; 640).
  2. Image-generating device according to Claim 1, wherein said ceramic has a thermal conductivity higher than 40 W/mK.
  3. Image-generating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transparent element (50; 150) makes contact with at least one external face of the metal cover (40; 140) .
  4. Image-generating device according to one of Claims 1 and 2, wherein the transparent element (250; 350; 450; 550; 650) is accommodated in the interior of the metal cover (240; 340; 440; 540; 640).
  5. Image-generating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transparent element (50; 150; 250; 350; 650) makes contact with the transverse portion (41; 141; 241; 341; 641) of the metal second cover (40; 140; 240; 340; 640) encircling the window (42; 142; 242; 342; 642) formed in the metal cover (40; 140; 240; 340; 640).
  6. Head-up display (1) comprising an image-generating device (3) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 and an image-projecting device (4) suitable for transmitting in the direction of a semi-transparent plate (2) the images generated by the image-generating device (3).
EP17715200.6A 2016-04-08 2017-04-07 Light generating device, head-up display comprising such a device Active EP3440504B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1653147A FR3050041B1 (en) 2016-04-08 2016-04-08 IMAGE GENERATING DEVICE, HIGH HEAD DISPLAY COMPRISING SUCH DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IMAGE GENERATING DEVICE
PCT/EP2017/058450 WO2017174804A1 (en) 2016-04-08 2017-04-07 Image generating device, head-up display comprising such a device and method for manufacturing an image generating device

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EP3440504B1 true EP3440504B1 (en) 2022-08-17

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JP7246025B2 (en) * 2019-07-11 2023-03-27 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Display system, head-up display, and moving object

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US10656452B2 (en) 2020-05-19
CN109690393A (en) 2019-04-26
FR3050041B1 (en) 2018-07-06
WO2017174804A1 (en) 2017-10-12
EP3440504A1 (en) 2019-02-13
US20190196254A1 (en) 2019-06-27

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