EP3434992A1 - Method for controlling an air extraction vent for a building signalling the failure of a cell or battery - Google Patents

Method for controlling an air extraction vent for a building signalling the failure of a cell or battery Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3434992A1
EP3434992A1 EP18185201.3A EP18185201A EP3434992A1 EP 3434992 A1 EP3434992 A1 EP 3434992A1 EP 18185201 A EP18185201 A EP 18185201A EP 3434992 A1 EP3434992 A1 EP 3434992A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
actuator
air
autonomous power
control method
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EP18185201.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3434992B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Burias
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Aereco
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Aereco
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
    • F24F11/526—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays giving audible indications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F24F7/013—Ventilation with forced flow using wall or window fans, displacing air through the wall or window

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling automated air extraction vents intended for the internal ventilation of a building, in particular for a dwelling or a tertiary building, as well as an extraction mouth comprising means such a method.
  • Buildings receiving people including housing or tertiary premises such as schools or offices, usually include a ventilation system of the various rooms to renew the air, including a system for extracting air from the premises, and air inlets from outside to compensate for this extraction.
  • the main purpose of room air renewal is to remove air pollutants related to the presence of occupants, the presence of equipment or machines used in these rooms, as well as those emitted by the building itself. even.
  • the pollutants of the air are in particular carbon dioxide CO2, moisture and volatile organic compounds called "VOC".
  • the ventilation of the premises can be natural, with air ducts from different rooms to open to the outside, which have a thermal draw activated by the difference in natural pressure when the air is colder outside. When the outside temperature is higher the pressure differential between the inside and the outside is lost, and the air flow may be insufficient.
  • Ventilation of the premises can also be achieved by a controlled mechanical ventilation called "VMC", comprising a turbine driven by an electric motor running continuously, which generates a vacuum to activate the flow in the air ducts opening to the outside.
  • VMC controlled mechanical ventilation
  • the ventilation may comprise a variable operation, including a fixed, modulated or intermittent flow.
  • an intermediate ventilation system also called hybrid ventilation, comprises a turbine having at a stop a small pressure drop in the duct, which is stopped when the thermal draft of the natural ventilation is sufficient, and which rotates at a speed suitable variable when the natural ventilation is insufficient to compensate for the too low flow rate.
  • the speed of the turbine can be adjusted automatically according to the outside temperature which activates the natural ventilation.
  • the extraction of air in the building is usually done by extraction vents, arranged on the ceiling or upper part of the walls.
  • sensors for measuring the level of air pollutants which can be connected to or integrated with the automated extraction vents in order to adjust the settings in an optimized manner.
  • automated extraction vents, pollutant measurement sensors, or the assembly formed by mouths equipped with these integrated sensors are powered autonomously by batteries or batteries which avoids the need to install cables. food.
  • the present invention is intended to avoid these disadvantages of the prior art.
  • An advantage of this control method is that in a simple and economical way, without adding a component, the existing actuator is used to produce an audible vibration of the actuator itself or the flow control means driven by this actuator. which by choosing the frequency generates a noise alerting people of the need for intervention.
  • the method of controlling an extraction mouth according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, which may be combined with each other.
  • the method can verify the state of the autonomous power supply by measuring voltage variations that it gives, or by evaluating the quantity of energy already delivered. There is thus a simple way of checking the state of this power supply.
  • the method can periodically check the status of the autonomous power supply.
  • the flow modulation actuator comprising an electric motor
  • the method controls a supply of this motor with a defined period.
  • the periodic power supply of the motor has a frequency giving an audible vibration of this motor between 100 and 10,000Hz. This produces vibrations at audible frequencies.
  • the method controls the audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator intermittently. This limits the use of this operation and the wear of the system.
  • the method controls the audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator from an external event. It also limits the use of this operation.
  • the external event can be represented by the detection of a person, a manual opening of the extraction mouth, or a sudden variation of measurements detected by the sensors, such as the presence of pollutants in the air or the air. temperature. This avoids unnecessary piloting of vibrations during times when there is probably no one in the room.
  • the subject of the invention is also an automated air extraction mouth intended for the ventilation of a building, which is remarkable in that it comprises means implementing a method for controlling this mouth, comprising any one of the previous characteristics.
  • the extraction mouth comprises an electronic module comprising means for controlling the actuator, the autonomous power supply, and means for verifying the state of this autonomous power supply.
  • the figure 1 has an extraction mouth 2 comprising a lower flared portion through a ceiling 4 of a room, to present in the lower part an air extraction hole under this ceiling, which is sent into an upper sheath extending the mouth towards outside the building.
  • the ventilation of the room can be natural by pressure difference, or forced by a turbine arranged in the ducts.
  • the extraction mouth 2 comprises an opening flap 6 mounted on a pivoting axis, operated by an actuator 8 disposed on the side of this mouth.
  • the actuator 8 may be in particular an electric motor, or an electromagnetic cylinder.
  • An electronic module 10 comprising a battery or an autonomous power supply battery 12, receives the signal from a sensor 14 measuring the level of pollutants in the air circulating in the extraction mouth 2, to control or control the actuator 8 of operation of the pivoting flap 6.
  • the electronic module 10 regulates the passage of air in the exhaust opening 2 by controlling the actuator 8. This provides an optimized ventilation of the local.
  • the electronic module 10 comprises means for measuring the state of its autonomous power supply 12, which continuously measures its state, taking into account, for example, the electrical voltage it gives, or by an evaluation of the quantity of electricity. energy already delivered. For an electric battery the electronic module 10 detects a near end of life, for a battery charge level sufficiently low.
  • software integrated in the electronic module 10 can be used to produce the means for measuring the state of the autonomous power supply 12.
  • the figure 2 presents the control method of the air extraction mouth, comprising a first step 20 of starting this method in the case of automated operation of this mouth.
  • a second step 22 the method continuously or periodically checks the state of the autonomous power supply 12. In particular, this verification can be done periodically with a defined space of time, or at each automated start of operation. mouth of extraction.
  • the process proceeds to a third step 28 where the electronic module 10 drives a vibratory movement of the actuator 8 at a frequency sufficient to to obtain a vibration of the mechanical elements which are linked to it, in particular the actuator itself or the opening flap 6, in order to generate a sound signal.
  • the electronic module 10 may in particular provide a supply of this motor periodically, with a succession of starts in the same direction and stops, or reversals of direction , made with a sufficiently high frequency to generate a vibration of the opening flap 6.
  • the control of the vibratory movement can be applied permanently, to generate a sound signal that does not stop, or intermittently with regular intervals or not.
  • the control of the vibratory movement can also be applied according to conditions comprising particular events.
  • the audible sound signal can be generated by a power supply of an electric motor forming the actuator, using the principle of magnetostriction.
  • a discontinuous voltage is applied to the motor, the variation frequency of which is adapted to produce a magnetostriction phenomenon in the stack of laminations constituting the rotor or the stator, without obtaining any rotational movement of this rotor.
  • the range of audible frequencies is between 20 and 20,000Hz, preferably a frequency of between 100 and 10,000Hz is used which has a better audibility for all.
  • a particular event may be the detection of a person in the room by a presence sensor, which causes the opening of the mouth. In this way the use of the vibratory motion is limited to useful periods, including the presence of a person who can react to this signal.
  • another particular event may be this manual opening of the extraction mouth.
  • a sudden variation of the detected level may constitute a particular event allowing the control of the vibratory movement. It is also possible to apply the same method for controlling a specific autonomous power supply for these sensors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de contrôle d'une bouche d'extraction d'air automatisée (2) prévue pour la ventilation d'un bâtiment, comportant un actionneur de modulation du débit (8), et une alimentation électrique autonome comprenant une pile ou une batterie (12) qui alimente cet actionneur ou des capteurs du niveau de polluants de l'air (14) liés à cette bouche, caractérisé en ce qu'il vérifie l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome (12), et en cas d'état insuffisant dans une étape suivante il pilote une vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit (8).A method of controlling an automated air exhaust vent (2) for ventilation of a building, comprising a flow modulation actuator (8), and an autonomous power supply comprising a battery or a battery (12) ) which feeds this actuator or sensors of the level of air pollutants (14) connected to this mouth, characterized in that it verifies the state of the autonomous power supply (12), and in case of state insufficient in a next step it controls an audible vibration of the flow modulation actuator (8).

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de contrôle de bouches d'extraction d'air automatisées prévues pour l'aération intérieure d'un bâtiment, en particulier pour une habitation ou un bâtiment tertiaire, ainsi qu'une bouche d'extraction comprenant des moyens mettant en oeuvre un tel procédé.The present invention relates to a method of controlling automated air extraction vents intended for the internal ventilation of a building, in particular for a dwelling or a tertiary building, as well as an extraction mouth comprising means such a method.

Les bâtiments recevant des personnes, notamment les logements ou les locaux tertiaires comme les écoles ou les bureaux, comportent généralement un système d'aération des différentes pièces pour renouveler l'air, comprenant un système d'extraction de l'air des locaux, et des entrées d'air venant de l'extérieur afin de compenser cette extraction.Buildings receiving people, including housing or tertiary premises such as schools or offices, usually include a ventilation system of the various rooms to renew the air, including a system for extracting air from the premises, and air inlets from outside to compensate for this extraction.

Le renouvellement de l'air des pièces a pour principal objectif d'évacuer les polluants de l'air liés à la présence des occupants, à la présence du matériel ou des machines utilisées dans ces locaux, ainsi que ceux émis par le bâtiment lui-même. Les polluants de l'air sont en particulier le gaz carbonique CO2, l'humidité et les composés organiques volatils appelés « COV ».The main purpose of room air renewal is to remove air pollutants related to the presence of occupants, the presence of equipment or machines used in these rooms, as well as those emitted by the building itself. even. The pollutants of the air are in particular carbon dioxide CO2, moisture and volatile organic compounds called "VOC".

En particulier chaque personne respirant pendant une journée un volume d'air d'environ 12m3, il est important pour des raisons d'hygiène et de confort de réaliser un renouvellement de l'air des pièces fermées. On renouvelle aussi cet air pour contrôler le taux d'hygrométrie intérieur du bâtiment. De plus il est nécessaire de maîtriser le débit du renouvellement d'air, afin de limiter les déperditions thermiques dues à l'évacuation de l'air intérieur chauffé en hiver.In particular each person breathing a day of air volume of about 12m 3 , it is important for reasons of hygiene and comfort to achieve a renewal of air closed rooms. This air is also renewed to control the indoor hygrometry rate of the building. In addition it is necessary to control the rate of air change, in order to limit heat losses due to the evacuation of indoor air heated in winter.

La ventilation des locaux peut être naturelle, avec des conduits d'air partant de différentes pièces pour déboucher à l'extérieur, qui présentent un tirage thermique activé par la différence de pression naturelle quand l'air est plus froid à l'extérieur. Quand la température extérieure est plus élevée on perd le différentiel de pression entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur, et le débit d'air peut être insuffisant.The ventilation of the premises can be natural, with air ducts from different rooms to open to the outside, which have a thermal draw activated by the difference in natural pressure when the air is colder outside. When the outside temperature is higher the pressure differential between the inside and the outside is lost, and the air flow may be insufficient.

La ventilation des locaux peut être aussi réalisée par une ventilation mécanique contrôlée appelée « VMC », comportant une turbine entraînée par un moteur électrique tournant en permanence, qui génère une dépression pour activer le débit dans les conduits d'air débouchant à l'extérieur. La ventilation peut comporter un fonctionnement variable, présentant notamment un débit fixe, modulé ou intermittent.Ventilation of the premises can also be achieved by a controlled mechanical ventilation called "VMC", comprising a turbine driven by an electric motor running continuously, which generates a vacuum to activate the flow in the air ducts opening to the outside. The ventilation may comprise a variable operation, including a fixed, modulated or intermittent flow.

En variante un système de ventilation intermédiaire, appelé aussi ventilation hybride, comporte une turbine présentant à l'arrêt une faible perte de charge dans le conduit, qui est arrêtée quand le tirage thermique de la ventilation naturelle est suffisant, et qui tourne à une vitesse variable adaptée quand la ventilation naturelle est insuffisante pour compenser le débit trop faible. En particulier la vitesse de la turbine peut être ajustée automatiquement en fonction de la température extérieure qui active la ventilation naturelle.Alternatively an intermediate ventilation system, also called hybrid ventilation, comprises a turbine having at a stop a small pressure drop in the duct, which is stopped when the thermal draft of the natural ventilation is sufficient, and which rotates at a speed suitable variable when the natural ventilation is insufficient to compensate for the too low flow rate. In particular the speed of the turbine can be adjusted automatically according to the outside temperature which activates the natural ventilation.

L'extraction de l'air dans le bâtiment est généralement faite par des bouches d'extraction, disposées au plafond ou en partie supérieure des murs.The extraction of air in the building is usually done by extraction vents, arranged on the ceiling or upper part of the walls.

Afin d'optimiser la ventilation particulière des pièces en fonction de paramètres comme le niveau des polluants constatés ou la présence de personnes détectée, il est connu de réaliser des bouches d'extraction réglables automatisées comportant un moyen d'actionnement qui modifie la section de passage d'air afin de l'ajuster à la valeur nécessaire. On peut en particulier fermer complètement cette bouche si la ventilation de la pièce n'est pas demandée, en particulier si personne n'y réside.In order to optimize the particular ventilation of the parts according to parameters such as the level of the pollutants observed or the presence of persons detected, it is known to produce automated adjustable extraction mouths comprising an actuating means that modifies the passage section. of air to adjust it to the necessary value. In particular, this mouth can be closed completely if ventilation of the room is not requested, especially if no one lives there.

Il est connu aussi d'utiliser des capteurs de mesure du niveau des polluants de l'air, qui peuvent être connectés aux bouches d'extraction automatisées, ou intégrées dedans afin d'ajuster les réglages de manière optimisée.It is also known to use sensors for measuring the level of air pollutants, which can be connected to or integrated with the automated extraction vents in order to adjust the settings in an optimized manner.

Avantageusement les bouches d'extraction automatisées, les capteurs de mesure de polluants, ou l'ensemble formé par des bouches équipées de ces capteurs intégrés, sont alimentés de manière autonome par des piles ou des batteries ce qui évite d'installer des câbles d'alimentation.Advantageously, automated extraction vents, pollutant measurement sensors, or the assembly formed by mouths equipped with these integrated sensors, are powered autonomously by batteries or batteries which avoids the need to install cables. food.

Dans ce cas il se pose un problème quand la pile est en fin de vie ou la batterie suffisamment déchargée, pour alerter l'utilisateur afin de changer ou recharger cette source d'énergie. En effet avec une alimentation électrique défaillante l'automatisation de la bouche d'extraction ne fonctionne plus, et sans alerte les utilisateurs pourraient tarder à se rendre compte de la défaillance de la ventilation.In this case there is a problem when the battery is at the end of its life or the battery is sufficiently discharged, to alert the user to change or recharge this energy source. Indeed with a faulty power supply the automation of the extraction mouth no longer works, and without warning users may be slow to realize the failure of ventilation.

Par ailleurs il est connu de disposer dans les systèmes autonomes alimentés par une pile ou une batterie, une alarme sonore électromécanique ou piézo-électrique, ou un voyant lumineux qui permettrait d'alerter l'utilisateur d'un niveau d'énergie faible. Toutefois ces composants ajoutés augmentent la complexité et les coûts de ces systèmes.Furthermore it is known to have in autonomous systems powered by a battery or battery, an electromechanical or piezoelectric sound alarm, or a light that would alert the user of a low energy level. However these added components increase the complexity and the costs of these systems.

La présente invention a notamment pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients de la technique antérieure.The present invention is intended to avoid these disadvantages of the prior art.

Elle propose à cet effet un procédé de contrôle d'une bouche d'extraction d'air automatisée prévue pour la ventilation d'un bâtiment, comportant un actionneur de modulation du débit, et une alimentation électrique autonome comprenant une pile ou une batterie qui alimente cet actionneur ou des capteurs du niveau de polluants de l'air liés à cette bouche, ce procédé étant remarquable en ce qu'il vérifie l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome, et en cas d'état insuffisant dans une étape suivante il pilote une vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit.It proposes for this purpose a control method of an automated air extraction port provided for the ventilation of a building, comprising a modulation actuator of the flow, and an autonomous power supply comprising a battery or a battery which supplies this actuator or sensors of the level of air pollutants related to this mouth, this process being remarkable in that it verifies the state of the autonomous power supply, and in case of insufficient state in a next step it pilot an audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator.

Un avantage de ce procédé de contrôle est que de manière simple et économique, sans ajouter de composant, on utilise l'actionneur existant pour produire une vibration audible de l'actionneur lui-même ou des moyens de réglage du débit entraînés par cet actionneur, ce qui en choisissant la fréquence génère un bruit alertant les personnes de la nécessité d'une intervention.An advantage of this control method is that in a simple and economical way, without adding a component, the existing actuator is used to produce an audible vibration of the actuator itself or the flow control means driven by this actuator. which by choosing the frequency generates a noise alerting people of the need for intervention.

Le procédé de contrôle d'une bouche d'extraction selon l'invention peut de plus comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, qui peuvent être combinées entre elles.The method of controlling an extraction mouth according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, which may be combined with each other.

En particulier le procédé peut vérifier l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome en mesurant des variations de tension qu'il donne, ou en évaluant la quantité d'énergie déjà délivrée. On a ainsi un moyen simple de vérifier l'état de cette alimentation.In particular, the method can verify the state of the autonomous power supply by measuring voltage variations that it gives, or by evaluating the quantity of energy already delivered. There is thus a simple way of checking the state of this power supply.

Le procédé peut vérifier de manière périodique l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome.The method can periodically check the status of the autonomous power supply.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'actionneur de modulation du débit comportant un moteur électrique, le procédé pilote une alimentation de ce moteur avec une période définie.According to one embodiment, the flow modulation actuator comprising an electric motor, the method controls a supply of this motor with a defined period.

Dans ce cas, avantageusement l'alimentation périodique du moteur présente une fréquence donnant une vibration audible de ce moteur comprise entre 100 et 10 000Hz. On obtient ainsi des vibrations à des fréquences audibles.In this case, advantageously the periodic power supply of the motor has a frequency giving an audible vibration of this motor between 100 and 10,000Hz. This produces vibrations at audible frequencies.

Avantageusement, le procédé pilote la vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit par intermittence. On limite ainsi l'usage de ce fonctionnement et l'usure du système.Advantageously, the method controls the audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator intermittently. This limits the use of this operation and the wear of the system.

Avantageusement, le procédé pilote la vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit à partir d'un événement extérieur. On limite aussi l'usage de ce fonctionnement.Advantageously, the method controls the audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator from an external event. It also limits the use of this operation.

En particulier, l'événement extérieur peut être représenté par la détection d'une personne, une ouverture manuelle de la bouche d'extraction, ou une brusque variation de mesures détectées par les capteurs, comme la présence de polluants dans l'air ou la température. On évite ainsi un pilotage inutile de vibrations pendant des moments où il n'y a probablement personne dans le local.In particular, the external event can be represented by the detection of a person, a manual opening of the extraction mouth, or a sudden variation of measurements detected by the sensors, such as the presence of pollutants in the air or the air. temperature. This avoids unnecessary piloting of vibrations during times when there is probably no one in the room.

L'invention a aussi pour objet une bouche d'extraction d'air automatisée prévue pour la ventilation d'un bâtiment, remarquable en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens mettant en oeuvre un procédé de contrôle de cette bouche comprenant l'une quelconque des caractéristiques précédentes.The subject of the invention is also an automated air extraction mouth intended for the ventilation of a building, which is remarkable in that it comprises means implementing a method for controlling this mouth, comprising any one of the previous characteristics.

Avantageusement, la bouche d'extraction comporte un module électronique comprenant des moyens de pilotage de l'actionneur, l'alimentation électrique autonome, et des moyens de vérification de l'état de cette alimentation électrique autonome.Advantageously, the extraction mouth comprises an electronic module comprising means for controlling the actuator, the autonomous power supply, and means for verifying the state of this autonomous power supply.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description ci-après donnée à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma en coupe axiale d'une bouche d'extraction d'air automatisée, contrôlée par un procédé de contrôle selon l'invention ; et
  • la figure 2 est un schéma fonctionnel présentant ce procédé de contrôle.
The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will emerge more clearly on reading the following description given by way of example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a diagram in axial section of an automated air extraction mouth, controlled by a control method according to the invention; and
  • the figure 2 is a block diagram showing this control method.

La figure 1 présente une bouche d'extraction 2 comprenant une partie inférieure évasée traversant un plafond 4 d'un local, pour présenter en partie basse un orifice d'extraction de l'air sous ce plafond, qui est envoyé dans une gaine supérieure prolongeant la bouche vers l'extérieur du bâtiment.The figure 1 has an extraction mouth 2 comprising a lower flared portion through a ceiling 4 of a room, to present in the lower part an air extraction hole under this ceiling, which is sent into an upper sheath extending the mouth towards outside the building.

La ventilation de la pièce peut être naturelle par différence de pression, ou forcée par une turbine disposée dans les gaines.The ventilation of the room can be natural by pressure difference, or forced by a turbine arranged in the ducts.

La bouche d'extraction 2 comporte un volet d'ouverture 6 monté sur un axe pivotant, manoeuvré par un actionneur 8 disposé sur le côté de cette bouche. L'actionneur 8 peut être notamment un moteur électrique, ou un vérin électromagnétique.The extraction mouth 2 comprises an opening flap 6 mounted on a pivoting axis, operated by an actuator 8 disposed on the side of this mouth. The actuator 8 may be in particular an electric motor, or an electromagnetic cylinder.

Un module électronique 10 comportant une pile ou une batterie d'alimentation électrique autonome 12, reçoit le signal d'un capteur 14 mesurant le niveau de polluants dans l'air circulant dans la bouche d'extraction 2, pour commander ou piloter l'actionneur 8 de manoeuvre du volet pivotant 6.An electronic module 10 comprising a battery or an autonomous power supply battery 12, receives the signal from a sensor 14 measuring the level of pollutants in the air circulating in the extraction mouth 2, to control or control the actuator 8 of operation of the pivoting flap 6.

En fonction du niveau de polluants réel mesuré dans l'air d'extraction de la pièce, le module électronique 10 régule le passage d'air dans la bouche d'extraction 2 en pilotant l'actionneur 8. On obtient ainsi une ventilation optimisée du local.Depending on the actual level of pollutants measured in the exhaust air of the room, the electronic module 10 regulates the passage of air in the exhaust opening 2 by controlling the actuator 8. This provides an optimized ventilation of the local.

Le module électronique 10 comporte un moyen de mesure de l'état de son alimentation électrique autonome 12, qui mesure en permanence son état, en prenant en compte par exemple la tension électrique qu'il donne, ou par une évaluation de la quantité d'énergie déjà délivrée. Pour une pile électrique le module électronique 10 détecte une fin de vie proche, pour une batterie un niveau de charge suffisamment bas.The electronic module 10 comprises means for measuring the state of its autonomous power supply 12, which continuously measures its state, taking into account, for example, the electrical voltage it gives, or by an evaluation of the quantity of electricity. energy already delivered. For an electric battery the electronic module 10 detects a near end of life, for a battery charge level sufficiently low.

En particulier on peut utiliser un logiciel intégré dans le module électronique 10 pour réaliser le moyen de mesure de l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome 12.In particular, software integrated in the electronic module 10 can be used to produce the means for measuring the state of the autonomous power supply 12.

La figure 2 présente le procédé de contrôle de la bouche d'extraction d'air, comportant une première étape 20 de mise en route de ce procédé dans le cas d'un fonctionnement automatisé de cette bouche.The figure 2 presents the control method of the air extraction mouth, comprising a first step 20 of starting this method in the case of automated operation of this mouth.

Dans une deuxième étape 22 le procédé vérifie en continu ou de manière périodique l'état de l'alimentation autonome 12. En particulier cette vérification peut être faite de manière périodique avec un espace de temps défini, ou à chaque mise en fonctionnement automatisé de la bouche d'extraction.In a second step 22, the method continuously or periodically checks the state of the autonomous power supply 12. In particular, this verification can be done periodically with a defined space of time, or at each automated start of operation. mouth of extraction.

Dans le cas « OK » 24 où l'état de l'alimentation autonome 12 est satisfaisant, on revient au début de la deuxième étape 22 de vérification.In the "OK" case 24 where the state of the autonomous power supply 12 is satisfactory, it returns to the beginning of the second verification step 22.

Dans le cas « NOK » 26 où l'état de l'alimentation autonome 12 n'est pas satisfaisant, le procédé passe à une troisième étape 28 où le module électronique 10 pilote un mouvement vibratoire de l'actionneur 8 à une fréquence suffisante pour obtenir une vibration des éléments mécaniques qui lui sont liés, en particulier l'actionneur lui-même ou le volet d'ouverture 6, afin de générer un signal sonore.In the case "NOK" 26 where the state of the autonomous power supply 12 is not satisfactory, the process proceeds to a third step 28 where the electronic module 10 drives a vibratory movement of the actuator 8 at a frequency sufficient to to obtain a vibration of the mechanical elements which are linked to it, in particular the actuator itself or the opening flap 6, in order to generate a sound signal.

Dans le cas d'un actionneur 8 comportant un moteur électrique, le module électronique 10 peut en particulier réaliser une alimentation de ce moteur de manière périodique, avec une succession de démarrages dans un même sens et d'arrêts, ou d'inversions de sens, réalisée avec une fréquence suffisamment élevée pour générer une vibration du volet d'ouverture 6.In the case of an actuator 8 comprising an electric motor, the electronic module 10 may in particular provide a supply of this motor periodically, with a succession of starts in the same direction and stops, or reversals of direction , made with a sufficiently high frequency to generate a vibration of the opening flap 6.

En adaptant la fréquence d'excitation avec les masses en mouvement, on obtient une mise en résonance de ces masses qui génère des bruits. En particulier on peut utiliser pour cela une alimentation du moteur présentant une fréquence donnant une vibration de ce moteur comprise entre 500 et 2000hz.By adapting the excitation frequency with the masses in motion, we get a resonance of these masses that generates noise. In particular, it is possible to use a power supply for the motor having a frequency giving a vibration of this motor of between 500 and 2000 Hz.

Le pilotage du mouvement vibratoire peut être appliqué en permanence, pour générer un signal sonore qui n'arrête pas, ou par intermittence avec des intervalles réguliers ou non. En variante le pilotage du mouvement vibratoire peut aussi être appliqué suivant des conditions comprenant des événements particuliers.The control of the vibratory movement can be applied permanently, to generate a sound signal that does not stop, or intermittently with regular intervals or not. In a variant, the control of the vibratory movement can also be applied according to conditions comprising particular events.

En variante le signal sonore audible peut être généré par une alimentation d'un moteur électrique formant l'actionneur, utilisant le principe de magnétostriction. Pour cela on applique au moteur une tension discontinue, dont la fréquence de variation est adaptée pour produire un phénomène de magnétostriction dans l'empilage des tôles constituant le rotor ou le stator, sans obtenir de mouvement de rotation de ce rotor.Alternatively the audible sound signal can be generated by a power supply of an electric motor forming the actuator, using the principle of magnetostriction. For this, a discontinuous voltage is applied to the motor, the variation frequency of which is adapted to produce a magnetostriction phenomenon in the stack of laminations constituting the rotor or the stator, without obtaining any rotational movement of this rotor.

L'empilage des tôles isolées électriquement les unes par rapport aux autres, soumis à un champ électromagnétique variable induit par les bobines l'entourant, donne des petites déformations de ces tôles qui changent rapidement en provoquant une résonance acoustique dont la fréquence peut être perceptible par l'oreille.The stacking of electrically insulated sheets relative to each other, subjected to a variable electromagnetic field induced by the coils surrounding it, gives small deformations of these sheets which change rapidly by causing an acoustic resonance whose frequency can be perceptible by the ear.

En particulier avec une alimentation du moteur électrique durant 100µs suivie d'une pause de 100µs, on obtient un signal périodique de période de 200µs, soit une fréquence fondamentale de 5000Hz, qui est audible.In particular with a power supply of the electric motor during 100μs followed by a pause of 100μs, one obtains a periodic signal of period of 200μs, that is to say a fundamental frequency of 5000Hz, which is audible.

La gamme des fréquences audibles est comprise entre 20 et 20 000Hz, de préférence on utilise une fréquence comprise entre 100 et 10 000Hz qui présente une meilleure audibilité pour tous.The range of audible frequencies is between 20 and 20,000Hz, preferably a frequency of between 100 and 10,000Hz is used which has a better audibility for all.

Pour une bouche d'extraction 2 comportant une ouverture automatisée, un événement particulier peut être la détection d'une personne dans la pièce par un capteur de présence, qui entraîne l'ouverture de cette bouche. De cette manière on limite l'utilisation du mouvement vibratoire aux périodes utiles, comprenant la présence d'une personne pouvant réagir à ce signal.For an extraction mouth 2 having an automated opening, a particular event may be the detection of a person in the room by a presence sensor, which causes the opening of the mouth. In this way the use of the vibratory motion is limited to useful periods, including the presence of a person who can react to this signal.

Pour une bouche d'extraction 2 comportant une commande d'ouverture manuelle, un autre événement particulier peut être cette ouverture manuelle de la bouche d'extraction. On peut aussi pour une même bouche combiner les deux événements particuliers ci-dessus.For an extraction mouth 2 having a manual opening control, another particular event may be this manual opening of the extraction mouth. One can also for the same mouth combine the two particular events above.

Pour une bouche d'extraction 2 comportant des capteurs de détection, comme la présence de polluants dans l'air, ou la température de l'air, une brusque variation du niveau détecté peut constituer un événement particulier permettant le pilotage du mouvement vibratoire. On peut aussi appliquer le même procédé pour le contrôle d'une alimentation électrique autonome spécifique pour ces capteurs.For an extraction mouth 2 comprising detection sensors, such as the presence of pollutants in the air, or the temperature of the air, a sudden variation of the detected level may constitute a particular event allowing the control of the vibratory movement. It is also possible to apply the same method for controlling a specific autonomous power supply for these sensors.

On réalise ainsi de manière simple et économique, sans ajouter de composant comme des avertisseurs sonores ou lumineux sur la bouche d'extraction, à partir simplement de compléments de logiciels intégrés dans le module électronique de contrôle 10, un moyen efficace pour prévenir d'une défaillance de l'alimentation électrique 12 de la bouche d'extraction automatisée, ce qui simplifie la maintenance, réduit les coûts, et garantit une qualité de l'air.This is done in a simple and economical way, without adding a component such as audible or light horns on the extraction mouth, simply from software complements integrated into the electronic control module 10, an effective way to prevent a problem. failure of the power supply 12 of the extraction mouth automated, simplifying maintenance, reducing costs, and ensuring air quality.

Claims (10)

Procédé de contrôle d'une bouche d'extraction d'air automatisée (2) prévue pour la ventilation d'un bâtiment, comportant un actionneur de modulation du débit (8), et une alimentation électrique autonome comprenant une pile ou une batterie (12) qui alimente cet actionneur ou des capteurs du niveau de polluants de l'air (14) liés à cette bouche, caractérisé en ce qu'il vérifie l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome (12), et en cas d'état insuffisant (26) dans une étape suivante (28) il pilote une vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit (8).A method of controlling an automated air exhaust vent (2) for ventilation of a building, comprising a flow modulation actuator (8), and an autonomous power supply comprising a battery or a battery (12) ) which feeds this actuator or sensors of the level of air pollutants (14) connected to this mouth, characterized in that it verifies the state of the autonomous power supply (12), and in case of state insufficient (26) in a next step (28) it controls an audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator (8). Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il vérifie l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome (12) en mesurant des variations de tension qu'il donne, ou en évaluant la quantité d'énergie déjà délivrée.Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that it verifies the state of the autonomous power supply (12) by measuring voltage variations that it gives, or by evaluating the amount of energy already delivered. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il vérifie de manière périodique l'état de l'alimentation électrique autonome (12).Control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it periodically checks the state of the autonomous power supply (12). Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur de modulation du débit (8) comportant un moteur électrique, il pilote une alimentation de ce moteur de manière périodique.Control method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow modulation actuator (8) comprising an electric motor, it drives a supply of this motor periodically. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'alimentation périodique du moteur présente une fréquence donnant une vibration audible de ce moteur comprise entre 100 et 10 000Hz.Control method according to claim 4, characterized in that the periodic power supply of the motor has a frequency giving an audible vibration of this motor between 100 and 10 000Hz. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il pilote la vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit (8) par intermittence.Control method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it controls the audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator (8) intermittently. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il pilote la vibration audible de l'actionneur de modulation du débit (8) à partir d'un événement extérieur.Control method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it controls the audible vibration of the rate modulation actuator (8) from an external event. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'événement extérieur est représenté par la détection d'une personne, une ouverture manuelle de la bouche d'extraction (2), ou une brusque variation de mesures détectées par les capteurs (14), comme la présence de polluants dans l'air ou la température.Monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that the external event is represented by the detection of a person, a manual opening of the extraction mouth (2), or a sudden variation of measurements detected by the sensors (14), such as the presence of pollutants in the air or temperature. Bouche d'extraction d'air automatisée (2) prévue pour la ventilation d'un bâtiment, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens mettant en oeuvre un procédé de contrôle de cette bouche selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Automated air extraction mouth (2) intended for the ventilation of a building, characterized in that it comprises means implementing a method for controlling this mouth according to any one of the preceding claims. Bouche d'extraction d'air selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un module électronique (10) comprenant des moyens de pilotage de l'actionneur (8), l'alimentation électrique autonome (12), et des moyens de vérification de l'état de cette alimentation électrique autonome.Air extraction mouth according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises an electronic module (10) comprising actuator control means (8), the autonomous power supply (12), and means checking the status of this autonomous power supply.
EP18185201.3A 2017-07-24 2018-07-24 Method for controlling an air extraction vent for a building signalling the failure of a cell or battery Active EP3434992B1 (en)

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PL18185201T PL3434992T3 (en) 2017-07-24 2018-07-24 Method for controlling an air extraction vent for a building signalling the failure of a cell or battery

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FR1757008A FR3069309B1 (en) 2017-07-24 2017-07-24 MOTOR VIBRATION PATENT

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2454950A (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-27 Martin Edward Norbury Ventilator unit and alarm activated by hazardous gas levels
GB2507737A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-14 Western Air Ducts Ltd Air movement system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2454950A (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-27 Martin Edward Norbury Ventilator unit and alarm activated by hazardous gas levels
GB2507737A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-14 Western Air Ducts Ltd Air movement system

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FR3069309B1 (en) 2019-08-16
PL3434992T3 (en) 2022-04-04
FR3069309A1 (en) 2019-01-25
EP3434992B1 (en) 2021-12-15
HUE058128T2 (en) 2022-07-28
LT3434992T (en) 2022-03-10

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