Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
  • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
  • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
  • D06N2203/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06N2203/042—Polyolefin (co)polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
  • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
  • D06N2209/1628—Dimensional stability

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of floor coverings, carpet type synthetic material, and preferably in the form of slabs.
• the invention relates to carpets of the type comprising at least, successively:
• a contact layer intended to be placed towards the user also called the wear layer, generally made of polyamide, polyester or polypropylene fibers stitched onto a polyester fiber backing;
• precoat anglicism which consolidates the backing with the wear layer, this layer being a pre-coating material most often based on SBR (styrene-butadiene copolymer) latex;
• the carpets obey various constraints to meet the requirements of users. They must be both:
• This material does not emit any odor and has many advantages: it lowers VOC emissions (volatile organic compounds) considerably, it is easy to coat, the coating process provides a reduced consumption of energy, its recycling is easier, and it has hydrophobic properties preventing water from passing through the anchoring layer when cleaning carpets and thus avoiding the development of bad odors related to the proliferation of bacteria.
• a polyolefin is described in particular in patent EP1375731, more specifically the composition is based on a substantially amorphous poly-alpha-olefin having a melting enthalpy of at least 2J / g and at most 100 J / g, and a melt viscosity at 190 ° C (according to DIN 53019) in the range of 200 to 20,000 mPa s.
• This composition is selected by presenting specific viscosity values to facilitate its coating on the backrest, and thus facilitate the process of manufacture of the carpet.
• the carpet tiles have the properties of dimensional stability and lack of curvature for one hand to allow their layout on the ground without using glue and prevent over time the movement of slabs and the opening of the joints between adjacent slabs, and secondly guarantee over time their flatness by a reduced sensitivity to thermal and hygrometric variations in ambient atmosphere.
• the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method of selecting a composition which does not have the disadvantages of the SBR latex and makes it possible to confer on the coating obtained from said component the dimensional stability and curvature properties measured according to the standard NF EN 986 and conform to the requirements defined in standard NF EN 1307.
• the dimensional stability is evaluated through the dimensional variations of the edges of a slab during successive test steps which are:
• the method for selecting a composition conferring on the coating obtained from said composition dimensional stability and curvature properties in particular the properties of dimensional stability and curvature being defined according to the NF EN standard.
• composition 1307 and measured according to standard NF EN 986 is characterized in that the composition is selected when the ratios between the complex shear modulus at a temperature of 40 ° C. and the complex shear modulus at a temperature of 100 ° C. is greater at 50 (G * 4 ° C / G * -10 ° C> 50) and when the beginning of the cohesion increase occurs at a temperature above 60 ° C.
• the rise in cohesion is representative of a change in the rheological state of the composition / material from a certain temperature, which results in a sharp increase in the rigidity of the material. It is visualized on a curve representing the evolution of the shear modulus as a function of temperature and is characterized in a known manner by a change of slope of the curve.
• the inventors have surprisingly demonstrated that the combination of the technical characteristics or the two criteria of the increase in cohesion and the ratio between the shear moduli temperatures of 40 ° C and 100 ° C, was of great importance and allowed to ideally select the appropriate composition to obtain dimensional stability and curvature of the coating satisfying the above requirements, especially the standard.
• the invention also relates to a method for obtaining / manufacturing a carpet covering comprising a tuft-type layer of fibers intended to constitute the wear layer on which the user will walk, and an anchoring layer. applied on the fiber layer, characterized in that the anchoring layer consists of a composition such that the ratios between the complex shear modulus at a temperature of 40 ° C and the complex shear modulus at the temperature of 100 ° C is greater than 50 (G * 4 o ° c / G * -iooo ° c> 50) and the beginning of the increase in cohesion occurs over a temperature range greater than 60 ° C.
• the method for obtaining / manufacturing a carpet covering comprising a layer of tuft-type fibers, called the wear layer, and at least one anchoring layer applied to the wear layer is implemented by having previously performed the selection process to select the composition of the anchor layer.
• the selection process comprises a step of measuring the complex shear modulus of the composition over a temperature range greater than room temperature, in particular over a temperature range between at least 20 ° C or 40 ° C and 180 ° C, and calculating the shear modulus ratio at 40 ° C and 100 ° C and comparing the ratio with the value 50.
• the method advantageously comprises the study of the increase in cohesion of the composition from the measurements of the complex shear.
• the beginning of the cohesive rise corresponds to the part of the curve of measurements of the complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, for which a first abrupt change of slope is observed.
• the complex shear modulus is measured in a known manner using a rheometer, for example of the MCR 301 type sold by the company Anton-Paar, and using a geometry with parallel planes of diameter 25 mm and gap 1 mm.
• the sample to be characterized, in solid form, is shaped directly on the system at 160 ° C, with the appropriate accessories.
• the measurement consists of applying to the sample a dynamic stress (oscillatory mode), with imposed deformation (0.05%), at a frequency of 1 Hz.
• the sample thus subjected is subjected to a temperature cooling of 160 °. C at 30 ° C with a ramp of -2 ° C / min.
• the selected composition is used for the manufacture of carpet tiles as removable slabs.
• a removable lead slab meets the NFEN 1307 standard.
• the composition has a viscosity of the order of between 1 Pa s and 10 Pa s, at 150 ° C., the viscosity being measured by a Brookfield viscometer at a shear rate of 1.68 s -1 .
• the composition comprises, as essential compound, a polyolefin, preferably a poly- ⁇ -olefin, in particular chosen from an atactic polypropylene (APP), a poly-1-butene atactic, a propene / ethene copolymer, a copolymer propene / 1-butene, a 1-butene / ethene copolymer, a propene / 1-butene / ethene terpolymer.
• the composition of the invention for constituting the anchoring layer may comprise additional compounds in addition to the main compound in order to adapt the ratio of the shear moduli of the composition and to obtain an onset of cohesion at more than 60 ° C. , to achieve the desired selection.
• the additional compounds are wax such as the commercial reference shell microcrystalline HMP or Multivax A80MH.
• the anchoring layer of the carpet comprises in particular:
• a material having a low melt viscosity such as of the order of 0.01 Pa.s at 120 ° C. and at most 0.1 Pa.s at 120 ° C., in particular a Fisher-type wax; Tropsch,
• the wear layer (on which is affixed in the method of manufacture the anchor layer) includes fibers, filaments or the like, of a polymeric material, such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene or wool, associated with a base matrix generally polyester through a known manufacturing process, for example the most common that called "tuft".
• a polymeric material such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene or wool
• the carpet further comprises, between the anchor layer and the support layer:
• a reinforcing layer in the form of a fabric made from glass fibers or polyester; an adhesive bonding layer comprising at least one material with an adhesive property.
• This bonding layer serves in particular to confer acoustic properties and comfort.
• the adhesive bonding layer comprises:
• a poly-alpha-olefin that is almost completely amorphous at least 40% by weight
• a poly-alpha-olefin that is almost completely amorphous (at least 40% by weight)
• Vestoplast 508 marketed by Evonik®
• an adhesive composition for at least 10% by weight
• tackifying resin such as the product Escorez 1401 marketed by Exxon Chemicals, and / or wax, and / or paraffin, and which can comprise one or more functional components such as antioxidants, dyes, antibacterial agents ...
• the adhesive composition of the adhesive bonding layer between the anchoring layer and the support layer is such that:
• the ratio of the shear modules G * at the temperature of 40 ° C. and at the temperature of 100 ° C. is greater than 50, and preferably greater than 100, and still more preferred greater than 500;
• the shear modulus at 70 ° C G * 70 ° c is greater than 0.1 MPa.
• the support or hanging layer intended to rest, or be fixed on the ground is in known manner non-woven polyester or needle-punched polyester or polyurethane foam or polypropylene.
• the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a carpet covering, in particular carpet tiles, comprising at least the steps of:
• precoat an anchoring layer
• the anchoring layer is made of a composition selected according to the selection method of the invention.
• the anchoring layer is applied in known manner by any application method, for example by coating via a roller-coater or a doctor blade application, preferably at a temperature of 180 ° C.
• any application method for example by coating via a roller-coater or a doctor blade application, preferably at a temperature of 180 ° C.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view along a vertical plane of a carpet of the invention.
• FIG. 2 illustrates the curves of the complex shear modulus G * measured over the temperature range between 40 ° C. and 160 ° C. for an exemplary composition of the invention and a comparative example.
• Figure 1 there is shown a schematic sectional view of an example of carpet floor covering, carpet type carpet. The represented carpet successively comprises:
• a reinforcing layer 3 in the form of a fabric made from glass fibers or polyester;
• a support or hanging layer 5 intended to rest, or be fixed on the ground, non-woven polyester or needle-punched polyester or polypropylene.
• the carpet, more particularly the carpet tile, of the invention has the properties of a removable lead plate; it has the dimensional stability and curvature properties defined by standard NF EN 1307 and determined / measured according to standard NF EN 986.
• the wear layer 1 includes fibers 6, filaments or the like, made of a polymeric material, such as a polyamide, a polyester or wool, associated with a polyester base matrix 7.
• a polymeric material such as a polyamide, a polyester or wool
• the incorporation of the fibers 6 in the matrix 7 is carried out by any known method, the most common being called "tuft".
• the wear layer 1 is preferably made of polyamide.
• Said anchoring layer 2 is selected according to the method of the invention which is described below. This layer is based on a polyolefin and has a start and cohesion at a temperature above 60 ° C.
• the anchoring layer 2 comprises:
• a material having a low melt viscosity such as a Fisher-Tropsh type wax, of the order of 0.01 Pa s at 120 ° C. and at most 0.1 Pa s at 120 ° C. C, and o optionally a mineral filler of calcium carbonate type.
• the adhesive tie layer 4 comprises materials and compounds intended to provide the carpet with the required properties of comfort of use and acoustic damping.
• the adhesive bonding layer comprises, for example:
• an adhesive composition for at least 10% by weight, comprising tackifying resin, such as the product Escorez 1401 marketed by Exxon Chemicals, and / or wax, and / or paraffin, and preferably other functional components of the type antioxidants, dyes, antibacterial agents ...
• tackifying resin such as the product Escorez 1401 marketed by Exxon Chemicals, and / or wax, and / or paraffin, and preferably other functional components of the type antioxidants, dyes, antibacterial agents ...
• said adhesive composition is such that:
• the ratio of the shear modules G * at the temperature of 40 ° C. and at the temperature of 100 ° C. is greater than 50, and more preferably greater than 100, and even more preferably greater than 500;
• the adhesive composition having these characteristics relating to the shear modulus is made of:
• microcrystalline wax having a melting point greater than 60 ° C.
• the method for selecting the composition of the anchoring layer according to the invention consists in selecting a composition whose ratio between the complex shear modulus at a temperature of 40 ° C. and the complex shear modulus at a temperature of 100 ° C. C is greater than 50
• a composition selected according to the process of the invention is the VESTOPLAST EP403 material marketed by EVONIK® which is a poly-alpha-olefin to which 5% of microcrystalline HMP wax sold by EXXON Chemicals has been added.
• a comparative example is the product VESTOPLAST EP403 as such.
• Example of the invention 7.1 Pa s 3 Pa s
• FIG. 2 illustrates the curves of the complex shear modulus G * measured over the temperature range between 40 ° C. and 160 ° C. for the example of the invention and the comparative example.
• the curve shows a rise in cohesion. This cohesion takes place over a range from 68 ° C to 91 ° C.
• the beginning of the cohesive rise is the abrupt change in the slope of the curve.
• the lines corresponding to the significant changes of slopes of each curve have been drawn. The first point of intersection of two lines of different slopes corresponds to the beginning of the cohesion of the material. This increase in cohesion for the example of the invention starts beyond 60 ° C, close to 70 ° C.
• the curve that the onset of cohesion is at 45, which does not meet the second criterion of the invention.
• the comparative example does not just achieve the results imposed in terms of dimensional stability and curvature.
• the tables below summarize the results of measurement of dimensional stability and curvature of slabs of 50 cm by 50 cm whose anchoring layer (precoat) was made from the above examples respectively of the invention. and comparative. The manufacture of the slabs was identical, with an application of the precoat with the doctor blade.
• the stability measurements were made according to standard NF EN 986 at different temperatures and for three samples of the same slab for each type of measurements according to the different test steps.
• the slab manufactured from the example of the invention meets the requirements of the standard which is a shrinkage or elongation of less than 0.20%.
• composition of comparative example VESTOPLAST EP403 does have a viscosity suitable for its coating (the viscosities are indicated above for the examples of the invention and comparative), it does not make it possible to obtain the required properties of dimensional stability and lack of curvature for carpet especially for carpet tiles.
• the inventors propose a method of selecting a composition precoat carpet that is simple to implement and is performed independently of the manufacture of the carpet.
• a composition precoat carpet that is simple to implement and is performed independently of the manufacture of the carpet.
• it is possible to select the appropriate composition which will make it possible to obtain the results of dimensional stability and curvature of the final product, based on measurements of the complex shear modulus as a function of the temperature and the estimate. from the start of cohesion rise of the composition.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
• Carpets (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56372979

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2016
  • 2016-03-23 FR FR1652484A patent/FR3049290B1/fr active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-03-09 WO PCT/FR2017/050524 patent/WO2017162952A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2017-03-09 EP EP17713741.1A patent/EP3433418A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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