EP3428550A1 - Climatiseur d'air - Google Patents

Climatiseur d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3428550A1
EP3428550A1 EP18187914.9A EP18187914A EP3428550A1 EP 3428550 A1 EP3428550 A1 EP 3428550A1 EP 18187914 A EP18187914 A EP 18187914A EP 3428550 A1 EP3428550 A1 EP 3428550A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat medium
air
heat
refrigerant
use side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18187914.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3428550B1 (fr
Inventor
Yuji Motomura
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to EP18187914.9A priority Critical patent/EP3428550B1/fr
Publication of EP3428550A1 publication Critical patent/EP3428550A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/08—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating
    • F24D19/082—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating for water heating systems
    • F24D19/083—Venting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0271—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/12—Preventing or detecting fluid leakage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating

Definitions

  • a compressor 10 In the heat source side unit 1, a compressor 10, a first refrigerant flow switching device 11 such as a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, and an accumulator 19 are installed and are connected by the refrigerant pipes 4.
  • the heat source side unit 1 also includes a first connection pipe 4a, a second connection pipe 4b, and check valves 13a to 13d.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus 100 can allow the flow of refrigerant that flows into the relay unit 2 from the heat source side unit 1 into a fixed direction, irrespective of which operation mode is executed among the heating operation mode, the cooling operation mode, the heating main mode, and the cooling main mode.
  • the accumulator 19 stores excess refrigerant caused by a difference between the heating operation and the cooling operation, excess refrigerant caused by a transient change in the operation (for example, a change in the number of operating use side units 3) or other excess refrigerant.
  • the suction side of the accumulator 19 is connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 12, and the discharge side of the accumulator 19 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 10.
  • the suction side of the accumulator 19 is connected to the check valve 13c, and the discharge side of the accumulator 19 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 10.
  • the opening and closing device 29 is provided at a bypass pipe 20 that connects the portion of the refrigerant pipe 4 on the refrigerant inlet side with a portion of the refrigerant pipe 4 on a refrigerant outlet side.
  • the opening and closing device 27 and the opening and closing device 29 may be any device that may open and close the flow passages at which the opening and closing device 27 and the opening and closing device 29 are provided, and may be expansion valves whose opening degree may be controlled, such as electronic expansion valves.
  • the first heat medium flow switching devices 32a to 32d are provided. Furthermore, switching of a heat medium flow passage includes switching from one side to the other side of some heat medium flow passages as well as switching from one side to the other side of all heat medium flow passages.
  • the heat medium flow control devices 34 are two-way valves or other devices whose opening area can be controlled, and control the flow rate of a heat medium flowing in the heat medium pipes 5.
  • the number of heat medium flow control devices 34 provided corresponds to the number of use side units 3 installed (in Embodiment 1, the number is four).
  • the heat medium flow control devices 34 are provided on the outlet side of the heat medium flow passages for the use side heat exchangers 35 in such a manner that one of the two ways is connected to the use side heat exchangers 35 and the other one of the two ways is connected to the first heat medium flow switching devices 32. That is, the heat medium flow control devices 34 adjust the amount of heat medium flowing into the use side units 3 depending on the temperature of the heat medium flowing into and flowing out of the use side units 3 and supply an amount of heat medium suitable for the indoor load to the use side units 3.
  • the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are provided.
  • the heat medium flow control devices 34 may be provided on the inlet side of the heat medium flow passages for the use side heat exchangers 35.
  • the heat medium flow control devices 34 may be provided at a portion that is on the inlet side of the heat medium flow passages for the use side heat exchangers 35 and that is between the second heat medium flow switching devices 33 and the use side heat exchangers 35.
  • a use side unit 3 requires no load, such as during the stop mode or thermo-off, the supply of a heat medium to the use side unit 3 can be stopped by fully closing the corresponding heat medium flow control device 34.
  • the heat medium flow control devices 34 may be omitted.
  • the heat medium pipes 5 through which a heat medium flows include a pipe connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and a pipe connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 25b.
  • Each pipe of the heat medium pipes 5 branches out into branch pipes (in Embodiment 1, four branches) depending on the number of use side units 3 connected to the relay unit 2.
  • the branch pipes of heat medium pipes 5 that are connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the branch pipes of the heat medium pipes 5 that are connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 25b are connected to the first heat medium flow switching devices 32 and the second heat medium flow switching devices 33.
  • the first heat medium flow switching devices 32 and the second heat medium flow switching devices 33 are controlled to cause a heat medium from the intermediate heat exchanger 25a or a heat medium from the intermediate heat exchanger 25b to flow into the use side heat exchangers 35.
  • two temperature sensors 40a and 40b (may be generically referred to as temperature sensors 40) for measuring the temperature of a heat medium on the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchangers 25 are provided.
  • Information of temperature measured by the temperature sensors 40 is sent to the controller 50 that integrally controls the operation of the air-conditioning apparatus 100, and is used for control of the driving frequency of the compressor 10, the rotation speed of air-sending devices (not illustrated in figures), switching of the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, the driving frequency of the pumps 31, switching of the second refrigerant flow switching devices 28, switching of the flow passage of a heat medium, adjustment of the flow rate of a heat medium in the use side units 3, and other operations.
  • the temperature sensors 40 measure the temperature of a heat medium flowing out of the intermediate heat exchangers 25, that is, a heat medium on the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchangers 25.
  • the temperature sensor 40a is provided at the heat medium pipe 5 on the suction side of the pump 31a.
  • the temperature sensor 40b is provided at the heat medium pipe 5 on the suction side of the pump 31b.
  • the temperature sensors 40 may be, for example, thermistors.
  • the controller 50 is a microcomputer or other devices.
  • the controller 50 controls the driving frequency of the compressor 10, the rotation speed (and turning on and off) of air-sending devices (not illustrated in figures), switching of the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, driving of the pumps 31, the opening degree of the expansion devices 26, switching of the second refrigerant flow switching devices 28, switching of the first heat medium flow switching devices 32, switching of the second heat medium flow switching devices 33, driving of the heat medium flow control devices 34, opening and closing of the opening and closing devices 27 and 29, and other operations, on the basis of detection results from the various detection units and instructions from a remote controller or other devices. That is, the controller 50 controls actuators or other devices included in these components and executes operation modes.
  • controller 50 is provided in the relay unit 2 as an example. However, the controller 50 is not limited to be provided in the relay unit 2. The controller 50 may be provided in the heat source side unit 1 or the use side unit 3. The controller 50 may also communicate with each component.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the air discharge device 15 is connected to the heat medium circuit B.
  • a heat medium conveyed by the pumps 31 flows into the air discharge device 15, and then flows out of the air discharge device 15.
  • the position in which the air discharge device 15 is connected to the heat medium circuit B is not limited.
  • the air discharge device 15 may be installed via a connection port allowing connection between the relay unit 2 and a use side unit 3.
  • the use side unit 3a illustrated in Fig. 2 is removed, and the air discharge device 15 is connected to the connection port for the removed use side unit 3a.
  • the air discharge device 15 is detachably connected to the heat medium circuit B.
  • a heat medium flows into the heat medium tank 17.
  • air contained in the heat medium flowing into the heat medium circuit B is lifted up to an upper part of the tank using a difference in the density between the heat medium and air.
  • air stays in the upper part of the tank, and the heat medium stays in a lower part of the tank.
  • air and a heat medium in the heat medium circuit B is separated from each other.
  • the air vent valve 18 is provided at the heat medium tank 17 and discharges air.
  • the air vent valve 18 is provided above, in particular, at the top part, of the heat medium tank 17.
  • the air vent valve 18 is, for example, an automatic air vent valve, and discharges only air staying in the upper part of the heat medium tank 17 to the outside of the air discharge device 15.
  • air staining in the upper part of the heat medium tank 17 is discharged through the air vent valve 18 to the outside of the air discharge device 15, and a heat medium staying in the lower part of the heat medium tank 17 passes through the downstream side stop valve 16b and flows in the heat medium circuit B.
  • the air vent valve 18 may have a configuration of any air vent valve as long as no heat medium is discharged.
  • the refrigerant circuit A is formed by connecting the compressor 10, the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, the heat source side heat exchanger 12, the opening and closing device 27, the opening and closing device 29, the second refrigerant flow switching devices 28, the refrigerant flow passages for the intermediate heat exchangers 25, the expansion devices 26, and the accumulator 19 by the refrigerant pipes 4.
  • the heat medium circuit B is formed by connecting the heat medium flow passages for the intermediate heat exchangers 25, the pumps 31, the first heat medium flow switching devices 32, the heat medium flow control devices 34, the use side heat exchangers 35, and the second heat medium flow switching devices 33 by the heat medium pipes 5.
  • the plurality of use side heat exchangers 35 are connected in parallel to each of the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b to form the heat medium circuit B as multiple systems.
  • the heat source side unit 1 and the relay unit 2 are connected via the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b that are provided in the relay unit 2, and the relay unit 2 and the use side units 3 are connected via the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. That is, in the air-conditioning apparatus 100, heat is exchanged at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b between refrigerant that circulates through the refrigerant circuit A and a heat medium that circulates through the heat medium circuit B. With the use of the above configuration, the air-conditioning apparatus 100 achieves a cooling operation or a heating operation suitable for the indoor load.
  • Operation modes executed by the air-conditioning apparatus 100 include a heating operation mode (heating only mode) in which all of the driving use side units 3 perform a heating operation, a cooling operation mode (cooling only mode) in which all of the driving use side units 3 perform a cooling operation, a cooling main mode, which is a mixed operation mode, in which the cooling load is larger than the heating load, and a heating main mode, which is another mixed operation mode, in which the heating load is larger than the cooling load.
  • Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 an example in which all of the four use side units 3a to 3d are in the heating operation mode is illustrated.
  • pipes through which refrigerant flows are represented by thick lines, and the flow direction of refrigerant is represented by solid arrows.
  • the flow direction of a heat medium is represented by broken arrows.
  • the four first heat medium flow switching devices 32a to 32d and the four second heat medium flow switching devices 33a to 33d are opened with heating side opening angles or intermediate opening angles, and the four heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are opened at predetermined opening degrees. Furthermore, the opening and closing device 27 is closed, the opening and closing device 29 is opened, and the expansion device 26a and the expansion device 26b are opened at predetermined opening degrees.
  • the pumps 31 are set to a flow rate instruction value corresponding to the load of the use side units 3.
  • the second refrigerant flow switching device 28a switches a flow passage to connect the inflow side of the refrigerant pipe 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 25a
  • the second refrigerant flow switching device 28b switches a flow passage to connect the inflow side of the refrigerant pipe 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b.
  • High-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and is discharged.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 passes through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and first connection pipe 4a, and flows out of the heat source side unit 1.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out of the heat source side unit 1 passes through the refrigerant pipe 4, and flows into the relay unit 2.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing into the relay unit 2 passes through the second refrigerant flow switching devices 28a and 28b, and then flows into the intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b. Then, the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat medium and is condensed at the intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b, and turns into low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is expanded at the expansion devices 26a and 26b, and turns into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. Subsequently, the refrigerant passes through the opening and closing device 29, and is conveyed to the heat source side unit 1.
  • the refrigerant exchanges heat with outside air at the heat source side heat exchanger 12, and turns into high-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. Then, the high-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked again into the compressor 10 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
  • the opening degrees of the expansion devices 26a and 26b are controlled to make the subcooling (degree of subcooling) constant.
  • the subcooling (degree of subcooling) is obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure of refrigerant flowing between the intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b and the expansion devices 26a and 26b into saturation temperature and the temperature on the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b.
  • the pumps 31a and 31b are driven, the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are opened, and a heat medium circulates between each of intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b and the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d. Furthermore, all of the three ways of the second heat medium flow switching devices 33a to 33d are opened to cause a heat medium supplied through the pump 31a and the pump 31b to flow into the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d.
  • the heat medium flows out of the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d, and flows into the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d.
  • the flow rate of a heat medium is controlled to be a flow rate necessary for an air-conditioning load required for an indoor space, and the heat medium is caused to flow into the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d.
  • the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d passes through the first heat medium flow switching devices 32a to 32d, and flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. Then, the heat medium exchanges heat with refrigerant at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b, and is thus heated. Subsequently, the heat medium is sucked again into the pump 31a and the pump 31 b.
  • Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating a cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 an example in which all of the four use side units 3a to 3d are in the cooling operation mode is illustrated.
  • pipes through which refrigerant flows are represented by thick lines, and the flow direction of refrigerant is represented by solid arrows.
  • the flow direction of a heat medium is represented by broken arrows.
  • the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 switches a flow passage to cause refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to flow into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • the four first heat medium flow switching devices 32a to 32d and the four second heat medium flow switching devices 33a to 33d are opened with cooling side opening angles or intermediate opening angles, and the four heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are opened at predetermined opening degrees. Furthermore, the opening and closing device 27 is opened, the opening and closing device 29 is closed, and the expansion devices 26a and 26b are opened at predetermined opening degrees.
  • the pumps 31 are set to a flow rate instruction value corresponding to the load of the use side units 3.
  • the second refrigerant flow switching device 28a switches a flow passage to connect the outflow side of the refrigerant pipe 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 25a
  • the second refrigerant flow switching device 28b switches a flow passage to connect the outflow side of the refrigerant pipe 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b.
  • High-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and is discharged.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 passes through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • the refrigerant exchanges heat with outside air, and turns into low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant or two-phase refrigerant. Then, the refrigerant passes through the check valve 13a, and flows out of the heat source side unit 1.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant or two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the heat source side unit 1 passes through the refrigerant pipe 4, and flows into the relay unit 2.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant or two-phase refrigerant flowing into the relay unit 2 passes through the opening and closing device 27, is expanded at the expansion device 26a and the expansion device 26b into low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat medium at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b, and turns into high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flows into the heat source side unit 1 from the relay unit 2, and is sucked again to the compressor 10 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
  • the opening degree of the expansion devices 26a and 26b is controlled to make the superheat (degree of superheat) constant.
  • the superheat (degree of superheat) is obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure of refrigerant flowing between the intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b and the expansion devices 26a and 26b into saturation temperature and the temperature on the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchangers 25a and 25b.
  • the pumps 31a and 31b are driven, the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are opened, and a heat medium circulates between each of intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b and the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d. Furthermore, all of the three ways of the second heat medium flow switching devices 33a to 33d are opened to cause a heat medium supplied through the pump 31a and the pump 31b to flow into the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d.
  • the heat medium flows out of the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d, and flows into the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d.
  • the flow rate of a heat medium is controlled to be a flow rate necessary for an air-conditioning load required for an indoor space, and the heat medium is caused to flow into the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d.
  • the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d passes through the first heat medium flow switching devices 32a to 32d, and flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. Then, the heat medium exchanges heat with refrigerant at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b, and is thus cooled. Subsequently, the heat medium is sucked again into the pump 31a and the pump 31 b.
  • Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating a heating main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • some of the four use side units 3a to 3d perform a heating operation, and the other use side units 3 perform a cooling operation.
  • a heating main mode in which the proportion of the heating operation is larger than the proportion of the cooling operation will be explained.
  • the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 switches a flow passage to cause refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to flow into the relay unit 2 without passing through the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • a second heat medium flow switching device 33 that is contributed to connection of a use side unit 3 in the heating operation mode is set to a heating side opening angle
  • a second heat medium flow switching device 33 that is contributed to connection of a use side unit 3 in the cooling operation mode is set to a cooling side opening angle.
  • the four heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are opened at predetermined opening degrees.
  • the opening and closing device 27 is closed
  • the opening and closing device 29 is closed
  • the expansion device 26a and the expansion device 26b are opened at predetermined opening degrees.
  • the pumps 31 are set to a flow rate instruction value corresponding to the load of the use side units 3.
  • the second refrigerant flow switching device 28a switches a flow passage to connect the outflow side of the refrigerant pipe 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 25a
  • the second refrigerant flow switching device 28b switches a flow passage to connect the inflow side of the refrigerant pipe 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b.
  • High-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and is discharged.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 passes through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the first connection pipe 4a, and flows out of the heat source side unit 1.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out of the heat source side unit 1 passes through the refrigerant pipe 4, and flows into the relay unit 2.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing into the relay unit 2 passes through the second refrigerant flow switching device 28b, and flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. Then, the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat medium and is condensed at the intermediate heat exchanger 25b, and turns into low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is expanded at the expansion device 26b and the expansion device 26a, and turns into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. Subsequently, the refrigerant flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 25a.
  • the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat medium and evaporated at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a, and turns into high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the second refrigerant flow switching device 28a, and is then conveyed to the heat source side unit 1.
  • the refrigerant exchanges heat with outside air at the heat source side heat exchanger 12, and turns into high-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked again into the compressor 10 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
  • the opening degree of the expansion device 26b is controlled to make the subcooling (degree of subcooling) constant.
  • the subcooling (degree of subcooling) is obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure of refrigerant flowing between the intermediate heat exchanger 25b and the expansion device 26b into saturation temperature and the temperature on the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 25b.
  • the opening degree of the expansion device 26a is controlled to make the superheat (degree of superheat) constant.
  • the superheat (degree of superheat) is obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure of refrigerant flowing between the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the expansion device 26a into saturation temperature and the temperature on the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 25a.
  • the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 switches a flow passage to cause refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to flow into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • the pumps 31a and 31b are driven, and the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d are opened. Furthermore, three ways of the second heat medium flow switching devices 33a to 33d are set to predetermined opening degrees so that, among heat media supplied from the pump 31a and the pump 31b, a heat medium conveyed through the pump 31b flows into a use side heat exchanger 35 in a use side unit 3 in the heating operation mode and a heat medium conveyed through the pump 31a flows into a use side heat exchanger 35 in a use side unit 3 in the cooling operation mode.
  • the heat medium circulates between each of the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b and the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d.
  • the heat medium flows out of the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d, and flows into the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d.
  • the flow rate of a heat medium is controlled to be a flow rate necessary for an air-conditioning load required for an indoor space, and the heat medium is caused to flow into the use side heat exchangers 35a to 35d.
  • the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d passes through the first heat medium flow switching devices 32a to 32d, and flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. Then, the heat medium exchanges heat with refrigerant, and is thus cooled at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a. Subsequently, the heat medium exchanges heat with refrigerant, and is thus heated at the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. Subsequently, the heat medium is sucked again into the pump 31a and the pump 31b.
  • the air vent mode is an operation mode in which, for example, after the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is installed, when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is used for the first time, air in the heat medium circuit B of the relay unit 2 and the use side units 3 is discharged out of the air-conditioning apparatus 100.
  • FIG. 3 an example in which one air discharge device 15 is interposed between the second heat medium flow switching device 33a and the heat medium flow control device 34a and the three use side units 3b to 3d are interposed between the first heat medium flow switching devices 33b to 33d and the heat medium flow control devices 34b to 34d will be explained.
  • the flow direction of refrigerant is represented by solid arrows
  • the flow direction of a heat medium is represented by broken arrows.
  • the pump 31a and the pump 31b are driven, all of the heat medium flow control devices 34a to 34d connected to the use side units 3b to 3d and the air discharge device 15 are opened, and a heat medium circulates between each of the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b and each of the air discharge device 15 and the use side heat exchangers 35b to 35d.
  • the opening degrees of the three ways of the second heat medium flow switching devices 33a to 33d are set to intermediate opening angles to cause a heat medium supplied through the pump 31a and the pump 31b to flow into the air discharge device 15 and the use side heat exchangers 35b to 35d.
  • the upstream side stop valve 16a and the downstream side stop valve 16b in the air discharge device 15 are connected to the heat medium circuit B and are then opened. Thus, the heat medium is allowed to flow into the air discharge device 15 from the heat medium circuit B.
  • the opened heat medium flow control device 34 is closed, and one of the remaining heat medium flow control devices 34 is opened, and the above operation is performed. Then, the above operation is repeated, and the heat medium and a part of remaining air sequentially flows into the air discharge device 15, and thus air in the heat medium circuit B can be discharged out of the air-conditioning apparatus 100.
  • the heat medium passes through the downstream side stop valve 16b and reaches the heat medium flow control device 34a.
  • the heat medium passes through the first heat medium flow switching device 32a, and flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b. Then, the heat medium exchanges heat with refrigerant at the intermediate heat exchanger 25a and the intermediate heat exchanger 25b, and is sucked again into the pump 31a and the pump 31b.
  • both the upstream side stop valve 16a and the downstream side stop valve 16b are closed. Thus, a heat medium does not flow into the air discharge device 15.
  • a heat medium containing air flows into the heat medium tank 17. Then, due to a difference in the density between the heat medium and air, air is lifted up to an upper part of the tank, and the heat medium stays in a lower part of the tank. Air lifted up to the upper part of the heat medium tank 17 is discharged out of the air discharge device 15 by the air vent valve 18. The heat medium from which air has been eliminated flows again into the heat medium circuit B from the heat medium tank 17. As described above, the air-conditioning apparatus 100 may efficiently discharge air contained in the heat medium circuit B, and time for eliminating air can be shortened. Consequently, the workability of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is excellent.
  • the air discharge device 15 includes the heat medium tank 17, and consequently, separation between a heat medium and air can be achieved due to a difference in the density between the heat medium and air.
  • Installation position of the heat medium tank 17 is not limited, and consequently, the installation position of the air discharge device 15 is set highly flexibly. Furthermore, the air discharge device 15 is detachably connected to the heat medium circuit B. Thus, the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is highly versatile.
  • antifreeze solution is used as a heat medium
  • undiluted solution of antifreeze solution is stored in advance in the heat medium tank 17.
  • Water for dilution is filled in the heat medium circuit B to dilute the antifreeze solution.
  • the air vent mode is executed.
  • an operation for filling the antifreeze solution in the heat medium circuit B as in a known technique may be omitted.
  • the air discharge device 15 may be kept connected to the heat medium circuit B.
  • the upstream side stop valve 16a and the downstream side stop valve 16b are closed during a normal operation in which an air vent operation is not being performed, and the upstream side stop valve 16a and the downstream side stop valve 16b are periodically opened while a heating operation, a cooling operation, or a mixed operation is being performed.
  • air remaining in the heat medium circuit B or air dissolved into a heat medium and the heat medium flow into the air discharge device 15, and air may thus be discharged.
  • the upstream side stop valve 16a and the downstream side stop valve 16b may be omitted.
  • a configuration in which the air discharge device 15 is attached in place of the use side unit 3a is illustrated as an example.
  • a connection port for the air discharge device 15 may be separately provided at the heat medium circuit B.
  • a valve provided in the vicinity of the connection port is closed.
  • the valve is opened, and a heat medium flows in the air discharge device 15.
  • the air discharge device 15 can be used while the use side unit 3a is being used.
  • the case where the second refrigerant flow switching devices 28 are four-way valves is illustrated as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. A plurality of two-way flow switching valves or three-way flow switching valves may be used to cause refrigerant to flow through a similar flow passage. Furthermore, the case where two intermediate heat exchangers 25 and two expansion devices 26 are provided is illustrated as an example. However, one or three or more intermediate heat exchangers 25 and one or three or more expansion devices 26 may be provided. Furthermore, the case where the heat medium flow control devices 34 are provided at the relay unit 2 is illustrated as an example. However, the heat medium flow control devices 34 are not limited to be provided at the relay unit 2. The heat medium flow control devices 34 may be provided at the use side units 3 or may be provided at a component different from the relay unit 2 and the use side units 3.
  • the case where the accumulator 19 is provided at the heat source side unit 1 of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is illustrated as an example. However, the accumulator 19 may be omitted.
  • the case where air-sending devices are attached to the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the use side heat exchangers 35 to prompt condensation or evaporation by sending air is illustrated as an example.
  • air-sending devices are not necessarily attached to the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the use side heat exchangers 35.
  • panel heaters or other devices using radiation may be used as the use side heat exchangers 35
  • water-cooled-type heat exchangers or other devices in which heat is transmitted by water or antifreeze solution may be used as the heat source side heat exchanger 12. That is, heat exchangers of any type may be used for the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the use side heat exchangers 35 as long as the heat exchangers can transfer heat or receive heat.
  • each of the pump 31a and the pump 31b may not be configured as a single component. A plurality of small-volume pumps may be connected in parallel.
  • the air vent valve 18 provided at the air discharge device 15 is an automatic air vent valve that extracts only air from among a heat medium and the air and discharges the air outside the air discharge device 15 is illustrated as an example.
  • the air vent valve 18 is not limited to be an automatic air vent valve.
  • the air vent valve 18 may be a manual air vent valve. In this case, air is removed from the air discharge device 15 by periodical valve opening operations.
  • antifreeze solution (brine), water, a liquid mixture of antifreeze solution and water, a liquid mixture of water and an additive having high anti-corrosion effect, or other fluid
  • water a liquid mixture of antifreeze solution and water
  • a liquid mixture of water and an additive having high anti-corrosion effect or other fluid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
EP18187914.9A 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Climatiseur d'air Active EP3428550B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18187914.9A EP3428550B1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Climatiseur d'air

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18187914.9A EP3428550B1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Climatiseur d'air
PCT/JP2014/079376 WO2016071978A1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Dispositif de climatisation
EP14905519.6A EP3217109B1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Dispositif de climatisation

Related Parent Applications (2)

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EP14905519.6A Division EP3217109B1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Dispositif de climatisation
EP14905519.6A Division-Into EP3217109B1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Dispositif de climatisation

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11313595B2 (en) * 2017-07-27 2022-04-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Air-conditioning system and method of sealing heat medium
KR20210094213A (ko) * 2020-01-21 2021-07-29 엘지전자 주식회사 공기조화장치

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL106105C (fr) * 1900-01-01
JPH05280818A (ja) 1992-04-01 1993-10-29 Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd 多室冷暖房装置
JP2001289465A (ja) 2000-04-11 2001-10-19 Daikin Ind Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2003343936A (ja) 2002-05-28 2003-12-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
JP2005140444A (ja) 2003-11-07 2005-06-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気調和機およびその制御方法
GB2444778A (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-18 Stanley Whetstone Fluid containment and transfer vessel
WO2010049998A1 (fr) 2008-10-29 2010-05-06 三菱電機株式会社 Conditionneur d'air et dispositif de relais
EP2589885A2 (fr) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 Stanley Whetstone Dégazeur pour système de chauffage d'eau

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4602923A (en) * 1984-04-03 1986-07-29 Erwin J. Baumgartler Apparatus for degasifying a liquid medium
JP2007292352A (ja) * 2006-04-24 2007-11-08 Enesaabu Kk 氷蓄熱式空調システム
WO2012070083A1 (fr) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-31 三菱電機株式会社 Climatiseur
US9464829B2 (en) * 2011-02-07 2016-10-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Air-conditioning apparatus
JP5708992B2 (ja) * 2011-04-08 2015-04-30 清水建設株式会社 配管システム
EP2927620B1 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2024-06-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif de conditionnement d'air

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL106105C (fr) * 1900-01-01
JPH05280818A (ja) 1992-04-01 1993-10-29 Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd 多室冷暖房装置
JP2001289465A (ja) 2000-04-11 2001-10-19 Daikin Ind Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2003343936A (ja) 2002-05-28 2003-12-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
JP2005140444A (ja) 2003-11-07 2005-06-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気調和機およびその制御方法
GB2444778A (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-18 Stanley Whetstone Fluid containment and transfer vessel
WO2010049998A1 (fr) 2008-10-29 2010-05-06 三菱電機株式会社 Conditionneur d'air et dispositif de relais
EP2314939A1 (fr) * 2008-10-29 2011-04-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Conditionneur d'air et dispositif de relais
EP2589885A2 (fr) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 Stanley Whetstone Dégazeur pour système de chauffage d'eau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3217109A1 (fr) 2017-09-13
WO2016071978A1 (fr) 2016-05-12
EP3428550B1 (fr) 2020-04-08
EP3217109A4 (fr) 2018-12-05
EP3217109B1 (fr) 2021-09-22

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