EP3427283B1 - Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector - Google Patents

Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3427283B1
EP3427283B1 EP17710696.0A EP17710696A EP3427283B1 EP 3427283 B1 EP3427283 B1 EP 3427283B1 EP 17710696 A EP17710696 A EP 17710696A EP 3427283 B1 EP3427283 B1 EP 3427283B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
selector
insulating plate
geneva wheel
driver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17710696.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3427283A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Hammer
Alfred Bieringer
Nikolaus Unterreiner
Hubert Zwirglmaier
Andreas Stocker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Priority to PL17710696T priority Critical patent/PL3427283T3/en
Publication of EP3427283A1 publication Critical patent/EP3427283A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3427283B1 publication Critical patent/EP3427283B1/en
Priority to HRP20201132TT priority patent/HRP20201132T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/44—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using Geneva movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a selector for an on-load tap changer and an on-load tap changer with a diverter switch and a selector.
  • US 6 693 247 B1 describes an on-load tap changer that works according to the reactor switching principle.
  • the on-load tap changer has a base plate and a cover plate, between which a motor, a transmission and the contact device are arranged.
  • the fixed contacts are arranged in a circle on the base plate and are connected by different contact units that are operated via the gearbox.
  • the fixed contacts are connected to the winding taps on the back of the base plate.
  • the gearbox is essentially attached to the cover plate, which is made of steel.
  • EP 0 907 192 discloses a tap changer selector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a formulation of the type "A is connected to B” corresponds to a formulation of the type "A is connected to B
  • a formulation of the type "A is connected to B” includes the meanings "A is directly conductively connected to B” and “A is indirectly conductively connected to B via C,” and has a formulation of the type "A is connected to B” meaning "A is directly conductively connected to B”.
  • this selector enables both moving contacts to contact a fixed contact simultaneously in the stationary state. This means that the entire on-load tap-changer is at a defined potential and thus has a high surge voltage resistance.
  • This selector is inexpensive due to fewer components and is nevertheless safe. All parts of the selector are attached to only one insulating plate. This particularly space-saving design makes it possible to considerably reduce the size for the corresponding transformer, which is designed, for example, as a local network transformer. This fact reduces the overall cost of a system. Furthermore, this simple structure enables the selector to be installed particularly quickly.
  • the fixed contacts can be easily inserted into the insulating plate. Moving contacts are also easy to install, as they can be easily attached from either side.
  • Each fixed contact can be connected or connected to an associated winding tap of a regulating winding of a transformer or a controllable coil.
  • the moving contacts and fixed contacts are designed such that each moving contact can optionally be connected to each of the fixed contacts.
  • This selector can be designed in any manner as required, for example in such a way that it has at least one or no additional insulating plate and / or at least one or no additional moving contact and / or at least one or no additional connection.
  • the contact areas of the fixed contacts correspond to the geometry of the moving contacts and thus ensure an electrically conductive connection, which is particularly positive.
  • the contact areas can be designed, for example, as simple straight or curved pins.
  • Each moving contact can be attached to the respective Geneva wheel by additional means, such as compression and / or tension springs, in order to ensure a movable or floating bearing.
  • the bearing axles can be designed as separate individual parts or as a sprayed-on part of the insulating plate.
  • the drivers can have additional cams so that when a driver is rotated through 360 °, the respective Geneva wheel is correspondingly operated more often.
  • the selector can have at least one or no additional drive shaft.
  • the drivers and thus the cams arranged on them are offset from one another at an angle.
  • the angle is so large that the individual moving contacts are actuated in a staggered manner.
  • the fixed contact and the line can be connected by soldering, welding or another joining process.
  • both parts can also consist of a wire which has two contact areas for the moving contacts by deforming at one end.
  • the lines can be embedded in the insulating plate as required in any manner, for example by injection molding or low-pressure molding.
  • FIG. 1 to 4 A preferred embodiment of a selector 10 with an insulating plate 11 is shown.
  • the insulating plate 11 consists of an insulating material such as plastic or fiber-reinforced plastic (for example a mixture of polyamide or polyphthalamide with glass fibers).
  • the insulating plate 11 is, for example, essentially rectangular and has a first side 20 and a second, opposite side 30.
  • a plurality of fixed contacts 18 are arranged on the first side 20, which are connected via lines 19 with winding taps 16 to a control winding 17 ( FIG. 9 ) a step transformer are connected and are formed according to a first embodiment.
  • the fixed contacts 18 extend from the first side 20 through the insulating plate 11 to the second side 30.
  • the fixed contacts 18 are preferably made of copper and are additionally silver-plated. Furthermore, on the first side 20 of the insulating plate 11 there is a first Geneva wheel 23 with a first moving contact 21 movably mounted on it.
  • the first Geneva wheel 23 is rotatably mounted about an axis 41 on a first bearing axis 24.
  • the bearing axis 24 is designed, for example, as a separate part that is mechanically connected to the insulating plate 11.
  • the bearing axis 24 can, however, also be sprayed on during the manufacture of the insulating plate 11 and can be formed with this as a unit.
  • a first driver 25 is arranged, which is actuated via a drive shaft 43 which extends through the insulating plate 11.
  • the first driver 25 has a first cam 26 which engages in the first Geneva wheel 23 and rotates it in the process.
  • the first driver 25 When the selector 10 is actuated, the first driver 25 is rotated through 360 ° by corresponding actuation of the drive shaft 43.
  • the first Geneva wheel 23 When the first driver 25 rotates completely, the first Geneva wheel 23 is only rotated piece by piece, that is to say by a fraction of a complete rotation.
  • the combination of the first driver 25 and the first Geneva wheel 23 converts the continuous rotary movement of the first driver 25 into a stepwise or piecewise rotation of the first Geneva wheel 23.
  • the combination of a Geneva wheel 23 and a driver 25 enables a locking function of the two parts against one another even in the idle state, that is to say before or after actuation of the selector 10.
  • the first moving contact 21 Before the first Geneva wheel 23 is actuated, the first moving contact 21 always contacts one of the fixed contacts 18 and connects it in an electrically conductive manner to a first connection 27 ( FIG. 9 ) a first branch 12 of the diverter switch 14. When the selector 10 is actuated, the first Geneva wheel 23 is rotated and the first moving contact 21 is switched from this fixed contact 18 to an adjacent fixed contact 18.
  • Each fixed contact 18 has first and second contact areas 22, 32.
  • the fixed contacts 18 are contacted with the first moving contact 21 on the first side 20 via the respective first contact area 22.
  • FIG. 2nd the opposite side of the selector 10 is shown.
  • the fixed contacts 18, which are connected to the winding taps 16 via the lines 19, can also be seen on the second side 30 of the insulating plate 11.
  • a second Geneva wheel 33 with a second moving contact 31 is attached to the second side 30.
  • the second Geneva wheel 33 is rotatably mounted about the axis 41 on a second bearing axis 34.
  • a second driver 35 is arranged next to the second Geneva wheel 33 and is actuated by the same drive shaft 43 as the first driver 25.
  • the second driver 35 has a second cam 36 which engages in the second Geneva wheel 33 and rotates it in the process.
  • the first cam 26 is arranged offset from the second cam 36 or the drivers 25, 35 and thus the cams 26, 36 are arranged offset.
  • the offset arrangement of the cams 26, 36 or drivers 25, 35 results in actuated actuation of the Geneva wheels 23, 33 and thus the moving contacts 21, 31.
  • the second moving contact 31 Before the second Geneva wheel 33 is actuated, the second moving contact 31 always contacts one of the fixed contacts 18 and connects it in an electrically conductive manner to a second connection 37 ( FIG. 9 ) of a second branch 13 of the diverter switch 14.
  • the selector 10 When the selector 10 is actuated, the second Geneva wheel 33 is rotated and the second moving contact 31 is switched from this fixed contact 18 to an adjacent fixed contact 18.
  • the first and the second moving contacts 21, 31 contact the same fixed contact 18 before actuation of the selector 10, that is to say in the stationary state.
  • the fixed contacts 18 are contacted with the second moving contact 31 on the second side 30 via the respective second contact area 32.
  • FIG. 3rd The first side 20 of the selector 10 is shown again, but without the first Geneva wheel 23.
  • the lines 19, which connect the fixed contacts 18 to the respective winding taps 16, run alternately on the first and second sides 20, 30 of the insulating plate 11.
  • the lines 19 are attached to the insulating plate 11 by way of example on the first side 20 with a first retaining ring 29.
  • the attachment can also be done in other ways.
  • the lines 19 can be snapped into sprayed-on locking contours or snap connections or can be integrated into the insulating plate 11 directly by injection.
  • the lines 19 are mounted, for example, by means of additional fastening rails 40 on both sides 20, 30 of the insulating plate 11.
  • the cables can also be fastened here by snapping, gluing, etc., as previously described.
  • the fixed contacts 18 and the lines 19 can also be made in one piece.
  • FIG. 4th the second side 30 of the selector 10 is shown again, but without the second Geneva wheel 33.
  • the fixed contacts 18 are shown with their respective second contact areas 32.
  • the lines 19 are attached to the insulating plate 11 by way of example on the second side 30 with a second retaining ring 39.
  • the attachment can also be done in other ways.
  • the lines 19 can be snapped into sprayed-on locking contours or snap connections or can be integrated into the insulating plate 11 directly by injection.
  • the drivers 25, 35 are shown.
  • the cams 26, 36 face each other, but can also be aligned differently depending on the design and operative connection with the respective Geneva wheel 23, 33. It can be seen particularly well here that the drivers 25, 35 and thus the cams 26, 36 are offset by approximately 180 °.
  • the individual Geneva wheels 23, 33 are rotated with a time delay and the moving contacts 21, 31 are thus actuated at different times.
  • FIG. 6 the first embodiment of the first moving contact 21 and the first embodiment of the fixed contacts 18 are shown enlarged.
  • the moving contact 21 is designed on its front side or contact side in such a way that its contour is optimally adapted to the first contact area 22 of the fixed contact 18 and contacts it optimally.
  • the contour of the moving contact 21, 31 in connection with the geometry of the fixed contact 18 even enables a latching function.
  • the moving contact 21 is spring-loaded and / or floating in the direction of the axis 41 by means of a compression spring 42. A contact pressure is thus always generated when connected to a fixed contact 18.
  • the electrically conductive connection between the moving contact 21 and its connection 27 is realized, for example, via a wire 44 which is connected to an axial contact 49.
  • the axial contact 49 is fixedly connected to the first Geneva wheel 23 via a driver and rotates with the latter.
  • the first connection 27 is connected to a non-rotatable, electrically conductive, silver-plated disc 50.
  • the disk 50 and the axial contact 49 are connected to one another in a grinding, electrically conductive manner.
  • the second moving contact 31, the second contact areas 32 and the second connection 37 are formed on the second side 30 analogously to the first moving contact 21, the first contact areas 22 and the first connection 27.
  • FIG. 7 a detailed view of a second embodiment of the first moving contact 21 and a second embodiment of the fixed contacts 18 are shown.
  • a contact shaft 45 serves as a bearing for the first Geneva wheel 23 and contacts for the first connection 27.
  • the contact shaft 45 has two opposite contact surfaces 46, which run at right angles to the contact shaft 45.
  • Each first contact area 22 has two opposite contact surfaces 47, which run at right angles to the contact shaft 45.
  • These contact surfaces 46, 47 can each be individually contacted by a moving contact 21 or by a multi-part moving contact 21.
  • the individual parts of the moving contact 21 are movably, resiliently (floating) mounted and arranged on the Geneva wheel 23, not shown here, or held by it.
  • moving contact 21 is self-sprung, ie the contact force is generated by the pretensioning of the contact spring plate.
  • the material from which the moving contact is made is, for example, electrically conductive and resilient and preferably CuSn6 or CuCr1Zr.
  • FIG. 8th a detailed view of a third embodiment of the first moving contact 21 and a third embodiment of the fixed contacts 18 are shown.
  • a contact ring 48 is used for contacting the first connection 27.
  • the contact ring 48 has two opposite contact surfaces 46, which run concentrically around the contact shaft 45.
  • Each first contact area 22 has two opposite contact surfaces 47 which run parallel to the contact shaft 45.
  • These contact surfaces 46, 47 can be made sliding contact by the multi-part moving contact 21.
  • the individual parts of the moving contact 21 are movable, resilient (floating) and arranged on the Geneva wheel 23, not shown here.
  • moving contact 21 is self-sprung, ie contact force is generated via the pretension of the contact spring plate.
  • the material of which the moving contact is made is exemplary electrically conductive and resilient and preferably CuSn6 or CuCr1Zr.
  • FIG. 9 An on-load tap changer 15 with a selector 10 according to the invention and a diverter switch 14 is shown schematically.
  • the selector 10 has a first side 20 and a second side 30 with fixed contacts 18 arranged on a circle.
  • the fixed contacts 18 are each electrically conductively connected via a line 19 to an associated winding tap 16 of a regulating winding 17 of a regulating transformer.
  • the first moving contact 21 is electrically conductively connected to the first branch 12 of the diverter switch 14 via the first connection 27.
  • the second moving contact 31 is electrically conductively connected to the second branch 13 of the diverter switch 14 via the second connection 27.
  • the diverter switch 14 is also electrically conductively connected to a load lead 51 and thus to the ground potential. In the interior of the load switch, the switching takes place under load by means of different switching means 52 from the first branch to the second branch and vice versa.

Landscapes

  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
  • Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wähler für einen Laststufenschalter sowie einen Laststufenschalter mit einem Lastumschalter und einem Wähler.The invention relates to a selector for an on-load tap changer and an on-load tap changer with a diverter switch and a selector.

US 6 693 247 B1 beschreibt einen Laststufenschalter, der nach dem Reaktorschaltprinzip funktioniert. Der Laststufenschalter weist eine Grundplatte und eine Deckplatte auf, zwischen denen ein Motor, ein Getriebe sowie die Kontaktvorrichtung angeordnet sind. Die Festkontakte sind kreisförmig auf der Grundplatte angeordnet und werden von unterschiedlichen Kontakteinheiten, die über das Getriebe betätigt werden, beschaltet. Die Kontaktierung der Festkontakte mit den Wicklungsanzapfungen erfolgt auf der Rückseite der Grundplatte. Das Getriebe ist im Wesentlichen an der Deckplatte, die aus Stahl besteht, befestigt. US 6 693 247 B1 describes an on-load tap changer that works according to the reactor switching principle. The on-load tap changer has a base plate and a cover plate, between which a motor, a transmission and the contact device are arranged. The fixed contacts are arranged in a circle on the base plate and are connected by different contact units that are operated via the gearbox. The fixed contacts are connected to the winding taps on the back of the base plate. The gearbox is essentially attached to the cover plate, which is made of steel.

EP 0 907 192 offenbart einen Wähler für einen Laststufenschalter gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. EP 0 907 192 discloses a tap changer selector according to the preamble of claim 1.

Vor diesem Hintergrund schlägt die Erfindung die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche vor. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.Against this background, the invention proposes the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Im Folgenden entspricht eine Formulierung der Art "A ist an B angebunden" einer Formulierung der Art "A ist mit B verbunden", umfasst eine Formulierung der Art "A ist mit B verbunden" die Bedeutungen "A ist direkt mit B elektrisch leitend verbunden" und "A ist indirekt, also über C, mit B elektrisch leitend verbunden", und hat eine Formulierung der Art "A ist an B angeschlossen" die Bedeutung "A ist direkt mit B elektrisch leitend verbunden".In the following, a formulation of the type "A is connected to B" corresponds to a formulation of the type "A is connected to B", a formulation of the type "A is connected to B" includes the meanings "A is directly conductively connected to B" and "A is indirectly conductively connected to B via C," and has a formulation of the type "A is connected to B" meaning "A is directly conductively connected to B".

Die Erfindung schlägt gemäß einem ersten Aspekt einen Wähler für einen Laststufenschalter mit einem Lastumschalter vor, umfassend

  • eine Isolierplatte mit einer ersten Seite und einer zweiten, gegenüberliegenden Seite;
  • mehrere Festkontakte, die sich von der ersten Seite durch die Isolierplatte zur zweiten Seite erstrecken;
  • einen ersten Bewegtkontakt auf der ersten Seite;
  • einen zweiten Bewegtkontakt auf der zweiten Seite ;
  • einen ersten Anschluss, der mit dem ersten Bewegtkontakt verbunden ist und mit einem ersten Zweig oder Lastzweig des Lastumschalters verbunden werden kann;
  • einen zweiten Anschluss, der mit dem zweiten Bewegtkontakt verbunden ist und mit einem zweiten Zweig oder Lastzweig des Lastumschalters verbunden werden kann;
wobei
  • jeder Bewegtkontakt wahlweise mit jedem der Festkontakte verbunden werden kann.
According to a first aspect, the invention proposes a selector for an on-load tap changer with a diverter switch, comprising
  • an insulating plate with a first side and a second, opposite side;
  • a plurality of fixed contacts extending from the first side through the insulating plate to the second side;
  • a first moving contact on the first side;
  • a second moving contact on the second side;
  • a first connection, which is connected to the first moving contact and can be connected to a first branch or load branch of the diverter switch;
  • a second connection, which is connected to the second moving contact and with a second branch or load branch of the diverter switch can be connected;
in which
  • each moving contact can optionally be connected to each of the fixed contacts.

Dieser Wähler ermöglicht durch die sich von der ersten Seite zur zweiten Seite hindurch erstreckenden Festkontakte, dass beide Bewegtkontakte einen Festkontakt gleichzeitig im stationären Zustand kontaktieren. Damit liegt der gesamte Laststufenschalter auf einem definierten Potential und weist damit eine hohe Stoßspannungsfestigkeit auf.With the fixed contacts extending from the first side to the second side, this selector enables both moving contacts to contact a fixed contact simultaneously in the stationary state. This means that the entire on-load tap-changer is at a defined potential and thus has a high surge voltage resistance.

Dieser Wähler ist auf Grund weniger Bauteile kostengünstig und trotzdem sicher. Sämtliche Teile des Wählers sind an nur einer Isolierplatte befestigt. Diese besonders platzsparende Ausführung ermöglicht es, die Baugröße für den entsprechenden Transformator, der beispielhaft als Ortsnetztransformator ausgebildet ist, erheblich zu reduzieren. Diese Tatsache reduziert die Gesamtkosten eines Systems. Weiterhin ermöglicht dieser einfache Aufbau eine besonders schnelle Montage des Wählers. Die Festkontakte sind leicht in die Isolierplatte einsteckbar. Auch der Anbau der Bewegtkontakte ist einfach durchzuführen, da diese von jeder Seite einfach anzubringen sind.This selector is inexpensive due to fewer components and is nevertheless safe. All parts of the selector are attached to only one insulating plate. This particularly space-saving design makes it possible to considerably reduce the size for the corresponding transformer, which is designed, for example, as a local network transformer. This fact reduces the overall cost of a system. Furthermore, this simple structure enables the selector to be installed particularly quickly. The fixed contacts can be easily inserted into the insulating plate. Moving contacts are also easy to install, as they can be easily attached from either side.

Jeder Festkontakt kann an eine ihm zugeordnete Wicklungsanzapfung einer Regelwicklung eines Transformators oder einer regelbaren Spule angebunden oder angeschlossen sein oder werden.Each fixed contact can be connected or connected to an associated winding tap of a regulating winding of a transformer or a controllable coil.

Die Bewegtkontakte und Festkontakte sind derart ausgebildet, dass jeder Bewegtkontakt wahlweise mit jedem der Festkontakte verbunden werden kann.The moving contacts and fixed contacts are designed such that each moving contact can optionally be connected to each of the fixed contacts.

Dieser Wähler kann nach Bedarf auf beliebige Art und Weise ausgebildet werden, beispielsweise derart, dass er wenigstens eine oder keine zusätzliche Isolierplatte und/oder wenigstens einen oder keinen zusätzlichen Bewegtkontakt und/oder wenigstens einen oder keinen zusätzlichen Anschluss aufweist.This selector can be designed in any manner as required, for example in such a way that it has at least one or no additional insulating plate and / or at least one or no additional moving contact and / or at least one or no additional connection.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • jeder Festkontakt auf der ersten Seite einen ersten Kontaktbereich für den ersten Bewegtkontakt und auf der zweiten Seite einen zweiten Kontaktbereich für den zweiten Bewegtkontakt hat.
It is preferably specified that
  • each fixed contact has a first contact area for the first moving contact on the first side and a second contact area for the second moving contact on the second side.

Die Kontaktbereiche der Festkontakte entsprechen der Geometrie der Bewegkontakte und stellen damit eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung sicher, die insbesondere formschlüssig ist. Die Kontaktbereiche können dabei z.B. als einfache gerade oder gebogene Stifte ausgebildet sein.The contact areas of the fixed contacts correspond to the geometry of the moving contacts and thus ensure an electrically conductive connection, which is particularly positive. The contact areas can be designed, for example, as simple straight or curved pins.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass der Wähler umfasst

  • ein erstes Malteserrad, das um eine Achse drehbar an der Isolierplatte gelagert ist und den ersten Bewegtkontakt trägt;
  • ein zweites Malteserrad, das um die Achse drehbar an der Isolierplatte gelagert ist und den zweiten Bewegtkontakt trägt;
wobei
  • die Achse senkrecht zu den beiden Seiten der Isolierplatte verläuft.
It is preferably specified that the voter comprises
  • a first Geneva wheel, which is rotatably mounted about an axis on the insulating plate and carries the first moving contact;
  • a second Geneva wheel, which is rotatably mounted about the axis on the insulating plate and carries the second moving contact;
in which
  • the axis is perpendicular to the two sides of the insulating plate.

Dabei kann jeder Bewegtkontakt durch zusätzliche Mittel, wie Druck- und/oder Zugfedern, am jeweiligen Malteserrad befestig sein, um eine bewegliche bzw. schwimmende Lagerung zu gewährleisten. Die Lagerachsen können als separate Einzelteile oder als ein aufgespritzter Teil der Isolierplatte ausgebildet sein.Each moving contact can be attached to the respective Geneva wheel by additional means, such as compression and / or tension springs, in order to ensure a movable or floating bearing. The bearing axles can be designed as separate individual parts or as a sprayed-on part of the insulating plate.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass der Wähler umfasst

  • einen ersten Treiber auf der ersten Seite und einen zweiten Treiber auf der zweiten Seite;
  • eine gemeinsame Antriebswelle, die sich durch die Isolierplatte und die Treiber erstreckt und drehbar an der Isolierplatte gelagert ist;
wobei
  • beide Treiber von der Antriebswelle angetrieben werden;
  • der erste Treiber eine erste Nocke und der zweite Treiber eine zweite Nocke aufweist;
  • jede Nocke in das jeweilige Malteserrad greift, sodass sich bei einer vollständigen Drehung eines Treibers das jeweilige Malteserrad nur um einen Bruchteil einer vollständigen Drehung dreht.
It is preferably specified that the voter comprises
  • a first driver on the first side and a second driver on the second side;
  • a common drive shaft which extends through the insulating plate and the drivers and is rotatably supported on the insulating plate;
in which
  • both drivers are driven by the drive shaft;
  • the first driver has a first cam and the second driver has a second cam;
  • each cam engages in the respective Maltese wheel, so that when a driver rotates completely, the respective Maltese wheel rotates only by a fraction of a complete rotation.

Die Treiber können nach Bedarf zusätzliche Nocken aufweisen, sodass bei einer Drehung eines Treibers um 360° das jeweilige Malteserrad entsprechend öfters betätigt wird. Der Wähler kann nach Bedarf wenigstens eine oder keine zusätzliche Antriebswelle aufweisen.If required, the drivers can have additional cams so that when a driver is rotated through 360 °, the respective Geneva wheel is correspondingly operated more often. If required, the selector can have at least one or no additional drive shaft.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • die erste Nocke versetzt zur zweiten Nocke angeordnet ist, sodass eine abwechselnde Betätigung der Malteserräder erfolgt.
It is preferably specified that
  • the first cam is offset from the second cam, so that the Maltese wheels are actuated alternately.

Dabei sind die Treiber und damit die an diesen angeordnete Nocken in einem Winkel zu einander Versetzt. Der Winkel ist dabei so groß, dass eine versetzte Betätigung der einzelnen Bewegtkontakte erfolgt.The drivers and thus the cams arranged on them are offset from one another at an angle. The angle is so large that the individual moving contacts are actuated in a staggered manner.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • die Anschlüsse mit den Bewegtkontakten direkt oder über eine Litze verbunden sind; und/oder
  • die Anschlüsse mit einer Kontaktwelle und/oder einem Kontaktring verbunden sind; und/oder
  • jeder Bewegtkontakt ein- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet ist; und/oder
  • jeder Bewegtkontakt an dem jeweiligen Malteserrad beweglich gelagert ist; und/oder
  • jeder Festkontakt mit einer Leitung verbunden oder mit einer Leitung einteilig als ein gebogener Leiter ausbildet ist.
It is preferably specified that
  • the connections to the moving contacts are connected directly or via a wire; and or
  • the connections are connected to a contact shaft and / or a contact ring; and or
  • each moving contact is formed in one or more parts; and or
  • each moving contact is movably mounted on the respective Geneva wheel; and or
  • each fixed contact is connected to a line or is formed in one piece with a line as a bent conductor.

Der Festkontakt und die Leitung können durch Löten, Schweißen oder ein anderes Fügeverfahren verbunden werden. Beide Teile können jedoch auch aus einem Draht bestehen, der durch Verformen an einem Ende zwei Kontaktbereiche für die Bewegtkontakte aufweist.The fixed contact and the line can be connected by soldering, welding or another joining process. However, both parts can also consist of a wire which has two contact areas for the moving contacts by deforming at one end.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • die Leitungen an der Isolierplatte mittels eines Halterings und/oder einer Befestigungsschiene befestigt sind; und/oder
  • die Leitungen an die Isolierplatte geklippst, gesteckt, eingerastet oder eingeschnappt sind; und/oder
  • die Leitungen in oder an die Isolierplatte eingebettet oder umspritzt oder eingespritzt oder eingeschmolzen sind.
It is preferably specified that
  • the lines are fastened to the insulating plate by means of a retaining ring and / or a fastening rail; and or
  • the cables are clipped, plugged, snapped or snapped onto the insulating plate; and or
  • the cables are embedded in or on the insulating plate or overmolded or injected or melted down.

Das Einbetten der Leitungen in die Isolierplatte kann nach Bedarf auf beliebige Art und Weise erfolgen, beispielsweise durch Spritzgießen oder Niederdruckgießen.The lines can be embedded in the insulating plate as required in any manner, for example by injection molding or low-pressure molding.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • das erste Malteserrad auf einer ersten Lagerachse drehbar gelagert ist;
  • das zweite Malteserrad auf einer zweiten Lagerachse drehbar gelagert ist
It is preferably specified that
  • the first Geneva wheel is rotatably mounted on a first bearing axis;
  • the second Geneva wheel is rotatably mounted on a second bearing axis

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • die Lagerachsen und die Isolierplatte einstückig ausgebildet sind.
It is preferably specified that
  • the bearing axles and the insulating plate are integrally formed.

Die Erfindung schlägt gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt einen Laststufenschalter vor, umfassend

  • einen Wähler, der gemäß dem ersten Aspekt ausgebildet ist;
  • einen Lastumschalter mit einem ersten Lastzweig oder Zweig, der an den ersten Anschluss angebunden oder angeschlossen ist, und einem zweiten Lastzweig oder Zweig, der an den zweiten Anschluss angebunden oder angeschlossen ist.
According to a second aspect, the invention proposes an on-load tap changer comprising
  • a voter configured according to the first aspect;
  • a diverter switch with a first load branch or branch, which is connected or connected to the first connection, and a second load branch or Branch that is connected or connected to the second connection.

Vorzugsweise ist spezifiziert, dass

  • der Lastumschalter über eine Lastableitung mit dem Erdpotential verbunden ist.
It is preferably specified that
  • the diverter switch is connected to earth potential via a load derivative.

Die Erläuterungen zu einem der Aspekte der Erfindung, insbesondere zu einzelnen Merkmalen dieses Aspektes, gelten entsprechend auch analog für die anderen Aspekte der Erfindung.The explanations for one of the aspects of the invention, in particular for individual features of this aspect, also apply analogously to the other aspects of the invention.

Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsformen der Erfindung beispielhaft anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Die daraus hervorgehenden einzelnen Merkmale sind jedoch nicht auf die einzelnen Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern können mit weiter oben beschriebenen einzelnen Merkmalen und/oder mit einzelnen Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen verbunden und/oder kombiniert werden. Die Einzelheiten in den Zeichnungen sind nur erläuternd, nicht aber beschränkend auszulegen. Die in den Ansprüchen enthaltenen Bezugszeichen sollen den Schutzbereich der Erfindung in keiner Weise beschränken, sondern verweisen lediglich auf die in den Zeichnungen gezeigten Ausführungsformen.Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the individual features resulting therefrom are not limited to the individual embodiments, but can be connected and / or combined with individual features described above and / or with individual features of other embodiments. The details in the drawings are to be interpreted only as explanatory, but not restrictive. The reference numerals contained in the claims are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but merely refer to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

Die Zeichnungen zeigen in

FIG. 1
eine erste Seite einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Wählers für einen Laststufenschalter mit Lastumschalter;
FIG. 2
eine zweite Seite des Wählers;
FIG. 3
die erste Seite des Wählers, wobei ein erstes Malteserrad entfernt wurde, eine erste Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes des Wählers und eine erste Ausführungsform der Festkontakte des Wählers;
FIG. 4
die zweite Seite des Wählers, wobei ein zweites Malteserrad entfernt wurde, eine erste Ausführungsform des zweiten Bewegtkontaktes des Wählers und die Festkontakte;
FIG. 5
eine Detailansicht von Treibern des Wählers;
FIG. 6
die erste Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes und die erste Ausführungsformen der Festkontakte;
FIG. 7
eine zweite Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes und eine zweite Ausführungsformen der Festkontakte;
FIG. 8
eine dritte Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes und eine dritte Ausführungsformen der Festkontakte;
FIG. 9
ein Schaltplan eines Laststufenschalters mit Lastumschalter und Wähler.
The drawings show in
FIG. 1
a first side of a preferred embodiment of a selector for an on-load tap changer with diverter switch;
FIG. 2nd
a second side of the voter;
FIG. 3rd
the first side of the selector with a first Geneva wheel removed, a first embodiment of the first moving contact of the selector and a first embodiment of the fixed contacts of the selector;
FIG. 4th
the second side of the selector with a second Geneva wheel removed, a first embodiment of the second moving contact of the selector and the fixed contacts;
FIG. 5
a detailed view of drivers of the voter;
FIG. 6
the first embodiment of the first moving contact and the first embodiments of the fixed contacts;
FIG. 7
a second embodiment of the first moving contact and a second Embodiments of the fixed contacts;
FIG. 8th
a third embodiment of the first moving contact and a third embodiment of the fixed contacts;
FIG. 9
a circuit diagram of an on-load tap changer with diverter switch and selector.

In FIG. 1 bis 4 ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines Wählers 10 mit einer Isolierplatte 11 dargestellt. Die Isolierplatte 11 besteht aus einem isolierenden Material wie z.B. Kunststoff oder faserverstärktem Kunststoff (z.B. eine Mischung aus Polyamid oder Polyphthalamid mit Glasfasern). Die Isolierplatte 11 ist beispielhaft im Wesentlichen rechteckig und weist eine erste Seite 20 und eine zweite, gegenüberliegende Seite 30 auf. Auf der ersten Seite 20 sind mehrere Festkontakte 18 angeordnet, die über Leitungen 19 mit Wicklungsanzapfungen 16 einer Regelwicklung 17 (FIG. 9) eines Stufentransformators verbunden sind und gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform ausgebildet sind. Die Festkontakte 18 erstrecken sich von der ersten Seite 20 durch die Isolierplatte 11 zur zweiten Seite 30. Die Festkontakte 18 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Kupfer und sind zusätzlich versilbert. Weiterhin ist auf der ersten Seite 20 der Isolierplatte 11 ein erstes Malteserrad 23 mit einem an ihm beweglich gelagerten, ersten Bewegtkontakt 21 angebracht. Das erste Malteserrad 23 ist um eine Achse 41 drehbar auf einer ersten Lagerachse 24 gelagert. Die Lagerachse 24 ist beispielhaft als separates, mit der Isolierplatte 11 mechanisch verbundenes Teil ausgebildet. Die Lagerachse 24 kann jedoch bei der Herstellung der Isolierplatte 11 mit aufgespritzt werden und mit dieser als eine Einheit ausgebildet sein. Neben dem ersten Malteserrad 23 ist ein erster Treiber 25 angeordnet, der über eine Antriebswelle 43, die sich durch die Isolierplatte 11 erststeckt, betätigt wird. Dabei weist der erste Treiber 25 eine erste Nocke 26 auf, die in das erste Malteserrad 23 eingreift und dieses dabei dreht.In FIG. 1 to 4 A preferred embodiment of a selector 10 with an insulating plate 11 is shown. The insulating plate 11 consists of an insulating material such as plastic or fiber-reinforced plastic (for example a mixture of polyamide or polyphthalamide with glass fibers). The insulating plate 11 is, for example, essentially rectangular and has a first side 20 and a second, opposite side 30. A plurality of fixed contacts 18 are arranged on the first side 20, which are connected via lines 19 with winding taps 16 to a control winding 17 ( FIG. 9 ) a step transformer are connected and are formed according to a first embodiment. The fixed contacts 18 extend from the first side 20 through the insulating plate 11 to the second side 30. The fixed contacts 18 are preferably made of copper and are additionally silver-plated. Furthermore, on the first side 20 of the insulating plate 11 there is a first Geneva wheel 23 with a first moving contact 21 movably mounted on it. The first Geneva wheel 23 is rotatably mounted about an axis 41 on a first bearing axis 24. The bearing axis 24 is designed, for example, as a separate part that is mechanically connected to the insulating plate 11. The bearing axis 24 can, however, also be sprayed on during the manufacture of the insulating plate 11 and can be formed with this as a unit. In addition to the first Geneva wheel 23, a first driver 25 is arranged, which is actuated via a drive shaft 43 which extends through the insulating plate 11. The first driver 25 has a first cam 26 which engages in the first Geneva wheel 23 and rotates it in the process.

Beim Betätigen des Wählers 10 wird der erste Treiber 25 durch entsprechendes Betätigen der Antriebswelle 43 um 360° gedreht. Beim Zusammenwirken mit dem ersten Malteserrad 23 wird bei einer vollständigen Drehung des ersten Treibers 25 das erste Malteserrad 23 nur stückweise, also um den Bruchteil einer vollständigen Drehung gedreht. Durch die Kombination aus dem ersten Treiber 25 und dem ersten Malteserrad 23 wird die kontinuierliche Drehbewegung des ersten Treibers 25 in eine schrittweise bzw. stückweise Drehung des ersten Malteserrades 23 umgewandelt. Die Kombination aus einem Malteserrad 23 und einem Treiber 25 ermöglicht auch im Ruhezustand, also vor oder nach der Betätigung des Wählers 10, eine Sperrfunktion beider Teile gegeneinander.When the selector 10 is actuated, the first driver 25 is rotated through 360 ° by corresponding actuation of the drive shaft 43. When interacting with the first Geneva wheel 23, when the first driver 25 rotates completely, the first Geneva wheel 23 is only rotated piece by piece, that is to say by a fraction of a complete rotation. The combination of the first driver 25 and the first Geneva wheel 23 converts the continuous rotary movement of the first driver 25 into a stepwise or piecewise rotation of the first Geneva wheel 23. The combination of a Geneva wheel 23 and a driver 25 enables a locking function of the two parts against one another even in the idle state, that is to say before or after actuation of the selector 10.

Vor der Betätigung des ersten Malteserrades 23 kontaktiert der erste Bewegtkontakt 21 stets einen der Festkontakte 18 und verbindet diesen dabei elektrisch leitend mit einem ersten Anschluss 27 (FIG. 9) eines ersten Zweigs 12 des Lastumschalters 14. Beim Betätigen des Wählers 10 wird das erste Malteserrad 23 gedreht und dabei der erste Bewegtkontakt 21 von diesem Festkontakt 18 zu einem benachbarten Festkontakt 18 umgeschaltet.Before the first Geneva wheel 23 is actuated, the first moving contact 21 always contacts one of the fixed contacts 18 and connects it in an electrically conductive manner to a first connection 27 ( FIG. 9 ) a first branch 12 of the diverter switch 14. When the selector 10 is actuated, the first Geneva wheel 23 is rotated and the first moving contact 21 is switched from this fixed contact 18 to an adjacent fixed contact 18.

Jeder Festkontakt 18 weist einen ersten und zweiten Kontaktbereich 22, 32 auf. Die Kontaktierung der Festkontakte 18 mit dem ersten Bewegtkontakt 21 erfolgt auf der ersten Seite 20 über den jeweiligen ersten Kontaktbereich 22.Each fixed contact 18 has first and second contact areas 22, 32. The fixed contacts 18 are contacted with the first moving contact 21 on the first side 20 via the respective first contact area 22.

In FIG. 2 ist die gegenüberliegende Seite des Wählers 10 dargestellt. Auch auf der zweiten Seite 30 der Isolierplatte 11 sind die Festkontakte 18 zu sehen, die über die Leitungen 19 mit den Wicklungsanzapfungen 16 verbunden sind. Weiterhin ist auf der zweiten Seite 30 ein zweites Malteserrad 33 mit einem zweiten Bewegtkontakt 31 angebracht. Das zweite Malteserrad 33 ist um die Achse 41 drehbar auf einer zweiten Lagerachse 34 gelagert. Ein zweiter Treiber 35 ist neben dem zweiten Malteserrad 33 angeordnet und wird von derselben Antriebswelle 43 wie der erste Treiber 25 betätigt. Dabei weist der zweite Treiber 35 eine zweite Nocke 36 auf, die in das zweite Malteserrad 33 eingreift und dieses dabei dreht.In FIG. 2nd the opposite side of the selector 10 is shown. The fixed contacts 18, which are connected to the winding taps 16 via the lines 19, can also be seen on the second side 30 of the insulating plate 11. Furthermore, a second Geneva wheel 33 with a second moving contact 31 is attached to the second side 30. The second Geneva wheel 33 is rotatably mounted about the axis 41 on a second bearing axis 34. A second driver 35 is arranged next to the second Geneva wheel 33 and is actuated by the same drive shaft 43 as the first driver 25. The second driver 35 has a second cam 36 which engages in the second Geneva wheel 33 and rotates it in the process.

Die erste Nocke 26 ist versetzt zur zweiten Nocke 36 angeordnet bzw. die Treiber 25, 35 und damit die Nocken 26, 36 sind versetzt angeordnet. Beim Drehen der Antriebswelle 43 wird durch die versetzte Anordnung der Nocken 26, 36 bzw. Treiber 25, 35 eine zeitlich versetzte Betätigung der Malteserräder 23, 33 und damit der Bewegtkontakte 21, 31 erreicht.The first cam 26 is arranged offset from the second cam 36 or the drivers 25, 35 and thus the cams 26, 36 are arranged offset. When the drive shaft 43 is rotated, the offset arrangement of the cams 26, 36 or drivers 25, 35 results in actuated actuation of the Geneva wheels 23, 33 and thus the moving contacts 21, 31.

Vor der Betätigung des zweiten Malteserrades 33 kontaktiert der zweite Bewegtkontakt 31 stets einen der Festkontakte 18 und verbindet diesen dabei elektrisch leitend mit einem zweiten Anschluss 37 (FIG. 9) eines zweiten Zweigs 13 des Lastumschalters 14. Beim Betätigen des Wählers 10 wird das zweite Malteserrades 33 gedreht und dabei der zweite Bewegtkontakt 31 von diesem Festkontakt 18 zu einem benachbarten Festkontakt 18 umgeschaltet. In der hier beschriebenen Ausführungsform kontaktieren vor Beginn der Betätigung des Wählers 10, also im stationären Zustand, der erste und der zweite Bewegtkontakt 21, 31 denselben Festkontakt 18. Dies kann jedoch je nach Bedarf auch variieren. Die Kontaktierung der Festkontakte 18 mit dem zweiten Bewegtkontakt 31 erfolgt auf der zweiten Seite 30 über den jeweiligen zweiten Kontaktbereich 32.Before the second Geneva wheel 33 is actuated, the second moving contact 31 always contacts one of the fixed contacts 18 and connects it in an electrically conductive manner to a second connection 37 ( FIG. 9 ) of a second branch 13 of the diverter switch 14. When the selector 10 is actuated, the second Geneva wheel 33 is rotated and the second moving contact 31 is switched from this fixed contact 18 to an adjacent fixed contact 18. In the embodiment described here, the first and the second moving contacts 21, 31 contact the same fixed contact 18 before actuation of the selector 10, that is to say in the stationary state. The fixed contacts 18 are contacted with the second moving contact 31 on the second side 30 via the respective second contact area 32.

In FIG. 3 ist erneut die erste Seite 20 des Wählers 10 dargestellt, jedoch ohne das erste Malteserrad 23. Hier sind die Festkontakte 18 mit ihren jeweiligen ersten Kontaktbereichen 22 zu erkennen. Die Leitungen 19, die die Festkontakte 18 mit den jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfungen 16 verbinden, verlaufen abwechselnd auf der ersten und zweiten Seite 20, 30 der Isolierpatte 11. Hierdurch werden die Isolationsabstände zwischen den einzelnen Leitungen 19 erhöht. Die Leitungen 19 sind dabei beispielhaft auf der ersten Seite 20 mit einem ersten Haltering 29 an der Isolierplatte 11 befestigt. Die Befestigung kann jedoch auch auf andere Art und Weise erfolgen. So können die Leitungen 19 in aufgespritzte Rastkonturen bzw. Schnappverbindungen eingerastet werden oder in die Isolierplatte 11 direkt durch Einspritzen integriert sein. Im Randbereich der Isolierplatte 11 sind die Leitungen 19 beispielhaft mittels zusätzlicher Befestigungsschienen 40 an beiden Seiten 20, 30 der Isolierplatte 11 montiert. Die Befestigung der Leitungen kann auch hier wie vorher beschrieben durch Einrasten, Kleben, etc. erfolgen. Die Festkontakte 18 und die Leitungen 19 können aber auch aus einem Stück gefertigt sein.In FIG. 3rd The first side 20 of the selector 10 is shown again, but without the first Geneva wheel 23. Here the fixed contacts 18 with their respective first contact areas 22 can be seen. The lines 19, which connect the fixed contacts 18 to the respective winding taps 16, run alternately on the first and second sides 20, 30 of the insulating plate 11. As a result, the insulation distances between the individual lines 19 are increased. The lines 19 are attached to the insulating plate 11 by way of example on the first side 20 with a first retaining ring 29. The attachment can also be done in other ways. For example, the lines 19 can be snapped into sprayed-on locking contours or snap connections or can be integrated into the insulating plate 11 directly by injection. In the edge region of the insulating plate 11, the lines 19 are mounted, for example, by means of additional fastening rails 40 on both sides 20, 30 of the insulating plate 11. The cables can also be fastened here by snapping, gluing, etc., as previously described. The fixed contacts 18 and the lines 19 can also be made in one piece.

In FIG. 4 ist erneut die zweite Seite 30 des Wählers 10 dargestellt, jedoch ohne das zweite Malteserrad 33. Hier sind die Festkontakte 18 mit ihren jeweiligen zweiten Kontaktbereichen 32 dargestellt. Die Leitungen 19 sind beispielhaft auf der zweiten Seite 30 mit einem zweiten Haltering 39 an der Isolierplatte 11 befestigt. Die Befestigung kann jedoch auch auf andere Art und Weise erfolgen. So können die Leitungen 19 in aufgespritzte Rastkonturen bzw. Schnappverbindungen eingerastet werden oder in die Isolierplatte 11 direkt durch Einspritzen integriert sein.In FIG. 4th the second side 30 of the selector 10 is shown again, but without the second Geneva wheel 33. Here the fixed contacts 18 are shown with their respective second contact areas 32. The lines 19 are attached to the insulating plate 11 by way of example on the second side 30 with a second retaining ring 39. The attachment can also be done in other ways. For example, the lines 19 can be snapped into sprayed-on locking contours or snap connections or can be integrated into the insulating plate 11 directly by injection.

In FIG. 5 sind die Treiber 25, 35 dargestellt. Die Nocken 26, 36 sind einander zugewandt, können jedoch je nach Gestaltung und Wirkverbindung mit dem jeweiligen Malteserrad 23,33 auch unterschiedlich ausgerichtet sein. Hier ist besonders gut zu erkennen, dass die Treiber 25, 35 und damit die Nocken 26, 36 um ca. 180° versetzt sind. So werden durch die Betätigung der Antriebswelle 43 die einzelnen Malteserräder 23, 33 zeitversetzt gedreht und damit die Bewegtkontakte 21, 31 zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten betätigt.In FIG. 5 the drivers 25, 35 are shown. The cams 26, 36 face each other, but can also be aligned differently depending on the design and operative connection with the respective Geneva wheel 23, 33. It can be seen particularly well here that the drivers 25, 35 and thus the cams 26, 36 are offset by approximately 180 °. Thus, by actuating the drive shaft 43, the individual Geneva wheels 23, 33 are rotated with a time delay and the moving contacts 21, 31 are thus actuated at different times.

In FIG. 6 sind die erste Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes 21 und die erste Ausführungsform der Festkontakte 18 vergrößert dargestellt. Dabei ist der Bewegtkontakt 21 auf seiner Vorderseite oder Kontaktseite derart ausgebildet, dass seine Kontur an den ersten Kontaktbereich 22 des Festkontaktes 18 optimal angepasst ist und diesen optimal kontaktiert. Die Kontur des Bewegtkontaktes 21, 31 in Verbindung mit der Geometrie des Festkontaktes 18 ermöglicht sogar eine Rastfunktion. Der Bewegtkontakt 21 ist mittels einer Druckfeder 42 in Richtung der Achse 41 federnd und/oder schwimmend gelagert. Damit wird beim Aufschalten auf einen Festkontakt18 stets ein Kontaktdruck erzeugt. Die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Bewegtkontakt 21 und seinem Anschluss 27 ist beispielhaft über eine Litze 44 realisiert, die mit einem Axialkontakt 49 verbunden ist. Der Axialkontakt 49 ist fest über einen Mitnehmer mit dem ersten Malteserrad 23 verbunden und dreht sich mit diesem. Der erste Anschluss 27 ist mit einer drehfest angeordneten, elektrisch leitenden, versilberten Scheibe 50 verbunden. Die Scheibe 50 und der Axialkontakt 49 sind schleifend elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden. Der zweite Bewegtkontakt 31, die zweiten Kontaktbereiche 32 und der zweite Anschluss 37 sind auf der zweiten Seite 30 analog zu dem ersten Bewegtkontakt 21, dem ersten Kontaktbereichen 22 und dem ersten Anschluss 27 ausgebildet.In FIG. 6 the first embodiment of the first moving contact 21 and the first embodiment of the fixed contacts 18 are shown enlarged. The moving contact 21 is designed on its front side or contact side in such a way that its contour is optimally adapted to the first contact area 22 of the fixed contact 18 and contacts it optimally. The contour of the moving contact 21, 31 in connection with the geometry of the fixed contact 18 even enables a latching function. The moving contact 21 is spring-loaded and / or floating in the direction of the axis 41 by means of a compression spring 42. A contact pressure is thus always generated when connected to a fixed contact 18. The electrically conductive connection between the moving contact 21 and its connection 27 is realized, for example, via a wire 44 which is connected to an axial contact 49. The axial contact 49 is fixedly connected to the first Geneva wheel 23 via a driver and rotates with the latter. The first connection 27 is connected to a non-rotatable, electrically conductive, silver-plated disc 50. The disk 50 and the axial contact 49 are connected to one another in a grinding, electrically conductive manner. The second moving contact 31, the second contact areas 32 and the second connection 37 are formed on the second side 30 analogously to the first moving contact 21, the first contact areas 22 and the first connection 27.

In FIG. 7 ist eine Detailansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes 21 und eine zweite Ausführungsform der Festkontakte 18 dargestellt. Eine Kontaktwelle 45 dient als Lagerung für das erste Malteserrad 23 und Kontaktierung für den ersten Anschluss 27. Die Kontaktwelle 45 weist zwei gegenüberliegende, rechtwinklig zu der Kontaktwelle 45 verlaufende Kontaktflächen 46 auf. Jeder erste Kontaktbereich 22 weist zwei gegenüberliegende, rechtwinklig zu der Kontaktwelle 45 verlaufende Kontaktflächen 47. Diese Kontaktflächen 46, 47 können jeweils einzeln von einen Bewegtkontakt 21 oder von einem mehrteiligen Bewegtkontakt 21 schleifend kontaktiert werden. Dabei sind die einzelnen Teile des Bewegtkontaktes 21 beweglich, federnd (schwimmend) gelagert und am Malteserrad 23, hier nicht dargestellt, angeordnet bzw. von diesem gehaltert. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist Bewegtkontakt 21 eigengefedert aufgebaut, d.h. die Kontaktkraft wird über die Vorspannung des Kontaktfederblechs generiert. Das Material, aus dem der Bewegtkontakt besteht, ist beispielhaft elektrisch leitend und federnd und vorzugsweise CuSn6 oder CuCr1Zr.In FIG. 7 a detailed view of a second embodiment of the first moving contact 21 and a second embodiment of the fixed contacts 18 are shown. A contact shaft 45 serves as a bearing for the first Geneva wheel 23 and contacts for the first connection 27. The contact shaft 45 has two opposite contact surfaces 46, which run at right angles to the contact shaft 45. Each first contact area 22 has two opposite contact surfaces 47, which run at right angles to the contact shaft 45. These contact surfaces 46, 47 can each be individually contacted by a moving contact 21 or by a multi-part moving contact 21. The individual parts of the moving contact 21 are movably, resiliently (floating) mounted and arranged on the Geneva wheel 23, not shown here, or held by it. In this embodiment, moving contact 21 is self-sprung, ie the contact force is generated by the pretensioning of the contact spring plate. The material from which the moving contact is made is, for example, electrically conductive and resilient and preferably CuSn6 or CuCr1Zr.

In FIG. 8 ist eine Detailansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform des ersten Bewegtkontaktes 21 und eine dritte Ausführungsform der Festkontakte 18 dargestellt. Ein Kontaktring 48 dient der Kontaktierung für den ersten Anschluss 27. Der Kontaktring 48 weist zwei gegenüberliegende, konzentrisch um die Kontaktwelle 45 verlaufende Kontaktflächen 46 auf. Jeder erste Kontaktbereich 22 weist zwei gegenüberliegende, parallel zu der Kontaktwelle 45 verlaufende Kontaktflächen 47 auf. Diese Kontaktflächen 46, 47 können von dem mehrteiligen Bewegtkontakt 21 schleifend kontaktiert werden. Dabei sind die einzelnen Teile des Bewegtkontaktes 21 beweglich, federnd (schwimmend) gelagert und am Malteserrad 23, hier nicht dargestellt, angeordnet. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist Bewegtkontakt 21 eigengefedert aufgebaut, d.h. Kontaktkraft wird über die Vorspannung des Kontaktfederblechs generiert. Das Material, aus dem der Bewegtkontakt besteht, ist beispielhaft elektrisch leitend und federnd und vorzugsweise CuSn6 oder CuCr1Zr.In FIG. 8th a detailed view of a third embodiment of the first moving contact 21 and a third embodiment of the fixed contacts 18 are shown. A contact ring 48 is used for contacting the first connection 27. The contact ring 48 has two opposite contact surfaces 46, which run concentrically around the contact shaft 45. Each first contact area 22 has two opposite contact surfaces 47 which run parallel to the contact shaft 45. These contact surfaces 46, 47 can be made sliding contact by the multi-part moving contact 21. The individual parts of the moving contact 21 are movable, resilient (floating) and arranged on the Geneva wheel 23, not shown here. In this embodiment, moving contact 21 is self-sprung, ie contact force is generated via the pretension of the contact spring plate. The material of which the moving contact is made is exemplary electrically conductive and resilient and preferably CuSn6 or CuCr1Zr.

In FIG. 9 ist ein Laststufenschalter 15 mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Wähler 10 und einem Lastumschalter 14 schematisch dargestellt. Der Wähler 10 weist eine erste Seite 20 und eine zweite Seite 30 mit auf einem Kreis angeordneten Festkontakten 18 auf. Die Festkontakte 18 sind jeweils über eine Leitung 19 mit einer zugeordneten Wicklungsanzapfung 16 einer Regelwicklung 17 eines Regeltransformators elektrisch leitend verbunden. Der erste Bewegtkontakt 21 ist über den ersten Anschluss 27 mit dem ersten Zweig 12 des Lastumschalters 14 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Der zweite Bewegtkontakt 31 ist über den zweiten Anschluss 27 mit dem zweiten Zweig 13 des Lastumschalters 14 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Der Lastumschalter 14 ist außerdem mit einer Lastableitung 51 und damit dem Erdpotential elektrisch leitend verbunden. Im Inneren des Lastumschalters erfolgt die Umschaltung unter Last mittels unterschiedlicher Schaltmittel 52 vom ersten Zweig zum zweiten Zweig und umgekehrt.In FIG. 9 An on-load tap changer 15 with a selector 10 according to the invention and a diverter switch 14 is shown schematically. The selector 10 has a first side 20 and a second side 30 with fixed contacts 18 arranged on a circle. The fixed contacts 18 are each electrically conductively connected via a line 19 to an associated winding tap 16 of a regulating winding 17 of a regulating transformer. The first moving contact 21 is electrically conductively connected to the first branch 12 of the diverter switch 14 via the first connection 27. The second moving contact 31 is electrically conductively connected to the second branch 13 of the diverter switch 14 via the second connection 27. The diverter switch 14 is also electrically conductively connected to a load lead 51 and thus to the ground potential. In the interior of the load switch, the switching takes place under load by means of different switching means 52 from the first branch to the second branch and vice versa.

BEZUGSZEICHENREFERENCES

1010th
Wählervoter
1111
IsolierplatteInsulating plate
1212th
erster Zweig von 14first branch of 14
1313
zweiter Zweig von 14second branch of 14
1414
LastumschalterDiverter switch
1515
LaststufenschalterOn-load tap-changer
1616
WicklungsanzapfungWinding tapping
1717th
RegelwicklungControl winding
1818th
FestkontakteFixed contacts
1919th
Leitungencables
2020th
erste Seite von 11first page of 11
2121
erster Bewegtkontaktfirst moving contact
2222
erster Kontaktbereichfirst contact area
2323
erstes Malteserradfirst Maltese wheel
2424th
erste Lagerachsefirst bearing axis
2525th
erster Treiberfirst driver
2626
erste Nockefirst cam
2727
erster Anschlussfirst connection
2929
erster Halteringfirst retaining ring
3030th
zweite Seite von 11second page of 11
3131
zweiter Bewegtkontaktsecond moving contact
3232
zweiter Kontaktbereichsecond contact area
3333
zweites Malteserradsecond Maltese wheel
3434
zweite Lagerachsesecond bearing axis
3535
zweiter Treibersecond driver
3636
zweite Nockesecond cam
3737
zweiter Anschlusssecond connection
3939
zweiter Halteringsecond retaining ring
4040
BefestigungsschieneMounting rail
4141
Achseaxis
4242
DruckfederCompression spring
4343
Antriebswelledrive shaft
4444
LitzeStrand
4545
KontaktwelleContact shaft
4646
Kontaktflächen von 45Contact areas of 45
4747
Kontaktflächen von 18Contact areas of 18
4848
KontaktringContact ring
4949
AxialkontaktAxial contact
5050
Scheibedisc
5151
Lastableitung von 14Load transfer from 14
5252
Schaltmittel von 14Switching means of 14

Claims (11)

  1. Selector (10) for an on-load tap changer (15) with a diverter switch (14), comprising
    - an insulating plate (11) with a first side (20) and a second, opposite side (30);
    - a plurality of fixed contacts (18) which extend from the first side (20) through the insulating plate (11) to the second side (30);
    - a first moved contact (21) on the first side (20);
    - a first connection (27), which is connected with the first moved contact (21) and which can be connected with a first branch (12) of the diverter switch (14); and
    characterized by,
    - a second moved contact (31) on the second side (30);
    - a second connection (37), which is connected with the second moved contact (31) and which can be connected with a second branch (13) of the diverter switch (14);
    wherein
    - each moved contact (21, 31) can be selectably connected with each of the fixed contacts (18).
  2. Selector (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein
    - each fixed contact (18) has a first contact region (22) for the first moved contact (21) on the first side (20) and a second contact region (32) for the second moved contact (31) on the second side (30).
  3. Selector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising
    - a first Geneva wheel (23) which is mounted on the insulating plate (11) to be rotatable about an axis (41) and which carries the first moved contact (21); and
    - a second Geneva wheel (33) which is mounted on the insulating plate (11) to be rotatable about the axis (21) and which carries the second moved contact (32);
    wherein
    - the axis (41) extends perpendicularly to the two sides (20, 30) of the insulating plate (11).
  4. Selector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising
    - a first driver (25) on the first side (20) and a second driver (35) on the second side (30); and
    - a common drive shaft (43), which extends through the insulating plate (11) and the driver (25, 35) and which is rotatably mounted on the insulating plate (11);
    wherein
    - the two drivers (25, 35) are driven by the drive shaft (43);
    - the first driver (25) has a first cam (26) and the second driver (35) has a second cam (36); and
    - each cam (26, 36) engages in the respective Geneva wheel (23, 33) so that for a complete revolution of a driver (25, 35) the respective Geneva wheel (23, 33) rotates only through a fraction of a complete revolution.
  5. Selector (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein
    - the first cam (26) is arranged to be displaced relative to the second cam (36) so that an alternating actuation of the Geneva wheels (23, 33) takes place.
  6. Selector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - the connections (27, 37) are connected with the moved contacts (21, 31) directly or by way of a wire (44); and/or
    - the connections (27, 37) are connected with a contact shaft (45) and/or a contact ring (48).
  7. Selector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - each moved contact (21, 31) is movably mounted on the respective Geneva wheel (23, 33).
  8. Selector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - each fixed contact (18) is connected with a line (19) or is constructed integrally with a line (19) as a curved conductor.
  9. Selector (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein
    - the lines (19) are secured to the insulating plate (11) by means of a holding ring (29, 39) and/or a securing rail (40); and/or
    - the lines (19) are clipped to or plugged onto the insulating plate (11); and/or
    - the lines (19) are injection-moulded in or fused into the insulating plate (11).
  10. Selector (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - the first Geneva wheel (23) is rotatably mounted on a first bearing axle (24);
    - the second Geneva wheel (33) is rotatably mounted on a second bearing axle (34); and
    - the bearing axles (24, 34) and the insulating plate (11) are of integral construction.
  11. On-load tap changer (15) comprising
    - a selector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims; and
    - a diverter switch (14) with a first branch (12) which is attached to the first connection (27) and a second branch (13) which is attached to the second connection (37).
EP17710696.0A 2016-03-11 2017-03-08 Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector Active EP3427283B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17710696T PL3427283T3 (en) 2016-03-11 2017-03-08 Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector
HRP20201132TT HRP20201132T1 (en) 2016-03-11 2020-07-17 Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016104499.7A DE102016104499B3 (en) 2016-03-11 2016-03-11 Selector for an on-load tap-changer and on-load tap-changer with diverter switch and selector
PCT/EP2017/055391 WO2017153447A1 (en) 2016-03-11 2017-03-08 Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3427283A1 EP3427283A1 (en) 2019-01-16
EP3427283B1 true EP3427283B1 (en) 2020-05-06

Family

ID=58277266

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17710696.0A Active EP3427283B1 (en) 2016-03-11 2017-03-08 Selector for an on-load tap changer and on-load tap changer with load transfer switch and selector

Country Status (15)

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US (1) US10643802B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3427283B1 (en)
JP (1) JP7066620B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102355954B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108463868B (en)
AU (1) AU2017229313B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112018016707A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102016104499B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2805352T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20201132T1 (en)
MX (1) MX2018010952A (en)
PL (1) PL3427283T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3427283T (en)
WO (1) WO2017153447A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201804552B (en)

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CN106601516A (en) * 2017-02-10 2017-04-26 山东民生电气设备有限公司 Miniaturized selection switch assembly used for on-load tap changer
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EP3761333B1 (en) * 2019-07-01 2023-08-30 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Drive arrangement for a tap changer
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DE102019130462B4 (en) * 2019-11-12 2022-03-24 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Selector for on-load tap changer as well as on-load tap changer with it
KR102401801B1 (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-05-25 (주) 모노인더스트리 No load tap changer for automatic control
US20230411088A1 (en) * 2021-02-16 2023-12-21 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Switching system for an on-load tap changer, on-load tap changer and method for switching a tap connection of an on-load tap changer
KR102547475B1 (en) 2022-09-30 2023-06-28 부흥시스템(주) Tap selector with arc enticed contact

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108463868A (en) 2018-08-28
US10643802B2 (en) 2020-05-05
JP7066620B2 (en) 2022-05-13
AU2017229313A1 (en) 2018-10-25
PT3427283T (en) 2020-07-01
WO2017153447A1 (en) 2017-09-14
PL3427283T3 (en) 2020-10-19
BR112018016707A2 (en) 2018-12-26
KR20180121559A (en) 2018-11-07
JP2019509634A (en) 2019-04-04
ES2805352T3 (en) 2021-02-11
DE102016104499B3 (en) 2017-04-27
US20190096596A1 (en) 2019-03-28
AU2017229313B2 (en) 2021-07-08
ZA201804552B (en) 2019-05-29
CN108463868B (en) 2020-08-07
EP3427283A1 (en) 2019-01-16
MX2018010952A (en) 2018-11-22
HRP20201132T1 (en) 2020-10-30
KR102355954B1 (en) 2022-01-25

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