EP3423703A1 - Turbine hydraulique, notamment turbine axiale, et centrale hydroélectrique équipé de celle-ci - Google Patents

Turbine hydraulique, notamment turbine axiale, et centrale hydroélectrique équipé de celle-ci

Info

Publication number
EP3423703A1
EP3423703A1 EP17706484.7A EP17706484A EP3423703A1 EP 3423703 A1 EP3423703 A1 EP 3423703A1 EP 17706484 A EP17706484 A EP 17706484A EP 3423703 A1 EP3423703 A1 EP 3423703A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
turbine
rotor
water
water turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17706484.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Niko HÄUSER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wobben Properties GmbH
Original Assignee
Wobben Properties GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wobben Properties GmbH filed Critical Wobben Properties GmbH
Publication of EP3423703A1 publication Critical patent/EP3423703A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/08—Machine or engine aggregates in dams or the like; Conduits therefor, e.g. diffusors
    • F03B13/083—The generator rotor being mounted as turbine rotor rim
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7066—Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/50—Bearings
    • F05B2240/53—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2205/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to casings, enclosures, supports
    • H02K2205/03—Machines characterised by thrust bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/12—Machines characterised by the modularity of some components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • Hydro turbine in particular axial turbine, and hydroelectric power plant with selbiger
  • the present invention relates to a water turbine for a hydroelectric power plant, as well as a hydroelectric power plant with selbiger.
  • Turbines are used in hydroelectric power plants to generate electrical energy by rotationally driving their turbine blades by utilizing the kinetic energy of a water flow.
  • a distinction is fundamentally made between turbines which transmit torque via a rotor shaft to a region outside a flow channel, whereupon the torque present at the rotor shaft is used to drive a generator, and those turbines in which the turbine rotors are directly connected to a rotor of a generator are connected.
  • the first-mentioned types are known inter alia from DE 10 2008 045 500 A1. In the latter case one speaks of so-called straight-flow turbines. If the axis of rotation of the turbines is essentially parallel to the flow direction of the water, this is referred to as axial turbines.
  • the invention was based on the object of specifying a water turbine of the type described at the outset as well as a hydroelectric power station with the same, which overcome the aforementioned disadvantages as far as possible.
  • the invention had the object of specifying a water turbine and a hydroelectric power plant, which have a reduced susceptibility to wear.
  • the invention was in particular the object of specifying a water turbine and a hydroelectric power plant, in which a contamination of the flowing water with lubricant can be reliably avoided.
  • the invention was particularly the task of specifying a water turbine and a hydroelectric power plant, which allow a compact design with high efficiency in power generation.
  • the invention solves the underlying task by proposing a water turbine with the features of claim 1.
  • the water turbine according to the invention comprises a flow channel having a flow inlet and a flow outlet, a turbine rotor arranged in the flow channel with a rotation axis, a ring generator for generating electrical energy with a generator rotor and a generator stator, wherein the generator rotor with the turbine rotor rotatably connected to a rotor unit is and a bearing unit for receiving the force acting on the rotor unit radial axial forces, wherein the bearing unit relative to the Rotation axis is arranged radially outside the flow channel.
  • a ring generator is used, this is preferably understood to mean a gearless, externally excited synchronous generator.
  • the invention makes use of the knowledge that two advantages can be achieved at the same time by abandoning the established concept of inner storage. Because the bearing unit is arranged radially outside the flow channel, the bearings of the bearing unit inevitably have larger bearing surfaces than would be feasible in the interior of the flow channel. This reduces the surface pressure acting on the bearing surfaces, resulting in a significant reduction of potential wear. Furthermore, contamination of the flow channel with lubricant is excluded even in the event of failure of the bearing unit, since the bearing unit is no longer located inside, but radially outside of the flow channel. Another advantage is that by displacing the bearing unit to the outside of the flow channel more free flow cross-section is available in the flow channel to realize the function of the turbine. This allows for a more compact overall design, without restricting the efficiency of the turbine.
  • the storage unit is water lubricated.
  • the use of water as a lubricant compared to the known from the prior art oil or grease-based lubricants already minimally minimized contamination risk of the turbine flowing through the water is further reduced.
  • the storage unit has a water inlet, which is fluid-conductively connected to a dedicated water reservoir.
  • the water reservoir preferably contains filtered river water.
  • a filter unit is arranged in the inlet to the water reservoir and / or between the water reservoir and the water inlet to the storage unit in order to free the water as much as possible of solids before entering the storage unit.
  • the bearing unit has at least one thrust bearing, preferably two thrust bearings, and at least one radial bearing, preferably two radial bearings.
  • the bearing unit has at least one thrust bearing, preferably two thrust bearings, and at least one radial bearing, preferably two radial bearings.
  • all bearing surfaces are located radially outside the flow channel with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the at least one thrust bearing and / or the at least one radial bearing are designed as slide bearings.
  • the Design as a plain bearing is made possible by the reduction of surface pressure, which goes along with the laying of the bearing radially outward of the flow channel.
  • the bearing unit has two outer bearing rings spaced apart in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • the outer bearing rings preferably take in the assembled state, the rotor unit between them.
  • the outer bearing rings preferably have mutually facing axial bearing outer surfaces, and the rotor unit has correspondingly formed, oppositely disposed axial bearing inner surfaces for forming the axial bearings.
  • the two outer bearing rings are designed as identical components, which reduces the component complexity.
  • the outer bearing rings each have a circumferential radial bearing surface, preferably a radial bearing inner surface
  • the rotor unit each has a corresponding, oppositely disposed radial bearing surface, preferably radial bearing outer surface, for forming the radial bearings.
  • the outer bearing rings on their bearing surfaces on sliding linings.
  • bearing surfaces here are meant the thrust bearing surfaces and the radial bearing surfaces which have been described above.
  • the sliding linings are preferably arranged in the form of a plurality of, preferably spaced-apart, segments on the respective bearing surfaces.
  • the sliding linings are preferably formed from elastomers or duromers.
  • the division of the sliding linings into a plurality of segments on the one hand enables the formation of lubricant pads in the spaces between the segments, and on the other hand, the replacement of only those segments that are damaged, while other segments do not need to be replaced.
  • the turbine rotor has a plurality of turbine blades, preferably two, three, four or more.
  • the turbine blades are preferably mounted rotatably on the rotor unit essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation for adjusting their blade angle.
  • the advantages of a blade angle adjustment in the turbine blades are in particular the Regel d the power plant. If a water turbine according to the embodiments described above in a hydropower plant is used, in the adjacent to the turbine rotor a nozzle is arranged, the process of power generation can be influenced by a triple control, which consists of a speed regulation, an impeller adjustment by adjusting the blade angle, as well a regulation of the flow cross-section over the distributor. Such a regulation has proven to be advantageous for fluctuating water levels or large fall height change in hydroelectric power plants.
  • the turbine blades are preferably received by means of a moment bearing in a rotor ring having an inner wall bounding the flow channel.
  • the invention solves their underlying task further by a Hydroelectric plant according to claim 13, which has a turbine according to one of the preferred embodiments described above.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a hydroelectric power plant with a
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial view of the turbine from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a further partial view of the turbine according to Figures 1 and 2, and
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic spatial representation of an outer bearing ring of the turbine according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a water turbine 1 1, in particular an axial turbine, of a hydroelectric power plant 1, shown partially in cross section.
  • the water turbine 1 1 has a flow channel 12 with a flow inlet 13 and a flow outlet 15.
  • a turbine rotor 17 is arranged, which is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis X.
  • the water turbine 1 1 has a hub shell 19, in which a plurality of turbine blades 21a-d are rotatably mounted. From a radial outer end opposite the hub shell, the turbine blades 21a-d are non-rotatably coupled to a generator rotor 25.
  • the generator rotor 25 is in the present embodiment, an internal rotor which rotates in a generator stator 27.
  • the generator rotor 25 and the generator stator 27 form a, preferably designed as a third-excited synchronous generator, the generator 23.
  • the generator 23 is a gearless ring generator.
  • a nozzle 29 Adjacent, in the present embodiment downstream, to the turbine rotor 17, a nozzle 29 is disposed in the flow channel 12.
  • the distributor 29 is set up to adjust or regulate the free flow cross section of the flow channel 12 by means of a plurality of adjustable guide vanes. Further details of the water turbine 1 1 are shown in Figure 2.
  • the water turbine 1 1 is bordered by a bearing unit comprising a first outer bearing ring 31a and a second outer bearing ring 31b.
  • the outer bearing rings 31 a, b form a radially outside of the flow channel 12 arranged outer bearing for the turbine rotor 17th
  • the turbine rotor 17 and the generator rotor 27 are connected to a rotor unit 35 which is supported by the outer bearing rings 31 a, 31 b.
  • the turbine blades 21a-d are rotatably received in a turbine ring 33, the inner wall of which preferably merges flush into the wall of the non-rotating flow channel 12.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section from FIG. Shown is an example of the inclusion of the turbine blade 21d, the illustration applies by way of example for all other turbine blades.
  • the turbine blade 21d is rotatably supported in the turbine ring 33 by means of a moment bearing 37.
  • a static seal 14 is provided for sealing against fluid transfer from and into the flow channel 12.
  • the rotor unit 35 has a first axial bearing surface 39a. Opposite the first thrust bearing surface 39a, a first thrust bearing surface 41a of the first outer race 31a is provided. On the first axial bearing surface 41a of the first outer bearing ring 31a, a first sliding coating 43a is arranged.
  • a mechanically adjustable axial seal 45a is arranged radially inside the bearing surfaces 39a, 41a for sealing against fluid leakage from the outer bearing.
  • the first outer bearing ring 31a has a first radial bearing surface 47a. Opposite to the first radial bearing surface 47a, a corresponding first radial bearing surface 49a is formed on the rotor unit 35. On the first radial bearing surface 47a of the first outer bearing ring 31a, a sliding coating 51a is arranged.
  • a further seal 53a Radially outside the radial bearing surfaces 47a, 49a, a further seal 53a, preferably identical to the seal 45a, is arranged in order to prevent fluid leakage from the outer bearing.
  • the rotor unit 35 further includes a second thrust bearing surface 39b. Opposite the second axial bearing surface 39b, a second axial bearing surface 41b of the second outer bearing ring 31b is provided. On the second axial bearing surface 41 b of the second outer bearing ring 31 b, a sliding coating 43 b is arranged.
  • a mechanically adjustable axial seal 45b is arranged radially inside the bearing surfaces 39b, 41b for sealing against fluid leakage from the outer bearing.
  • the second outer bearing ring 31 b has a second radial bearing surface 47 b. Opposite to the second radial bearing surface 47b, a corresponding radial bearing surface 49b is formed on the rotor unit 35. On the second radial bearing surface 47 b of the second outer bearing ring 31 b, a sliding coating 51 b is arranged.
  • a further seal 53b preferably identical to the seal 45b, is arranged in order to prevent fluid leakage from the bearing.
  • the outer bearing formed by the bearing rings 31 a, b outer passage has passage bores 55 a, b as fluid inlets or fluid outlets for introducing and discharging lubricant in the bearing interior, with particular preference water is used as a lubricant, in particular filtered river water.
  • the water is preferably provided in a water reservoir 57.
  • a filter unit 59 is optionally upstream and / or downstream of the water reservoir.
  • FIG. 4 the design of the outer bearing ring 31a, b according to FIG. 3 is shown by way of example.
  • the outer bearing ring 31a, b has on the radial bearing surface 47a, b on a plurality of Gleitbelags segments, which together form the sliding coating 51a, b.
  • the axial bearing surface 41a, b also has a large number of sliding lining segments which jointly form the sliding lining 43a, b.
  • the outer bearing rings 31a, b can be preassembled in an advantageous manner already ex works the one outer bearing ring 31a, b followed by the rotor unit 35 and finally the second outer bearing ring 31b allows easy mounting in the hydropower plant 1.
  • the high number of segments of the sliding linings 51a, b and 43a, b provides in connection with the large diameter of the bearing surfaces 41a , b and 47a, b for a low surface pressure and high wear resistance of the entire plain bearing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une turbine hydraulique (11) destinée à une centrale hydroélectrique (1) et une telle centrale hydroélectrique (1). Selon l'invention, la turbine hydraulique comprend un conduit d'écoulement (12) pourvu d'une entrée d'écoulement (13) et d'une sortie d'écoulement (15), un rotor de turbine (17) disposé dans le conduit d'écoulement (12) et ayant un axe de rotation (X), un générateur annulaire, destiné à générer de l'énergie électrique, comprenant un rotor de générateur (25) et un stator de générateur (27), le rotor du générateur (25) étant relié de manière rotative au rotor de turbine (17) pour former un ensemble de rotor (35), et un ensemble de paliers (31a, b) destiné à recevoir les forces radiales et axiales agissant sur l'ensemble de rotor, l'ensemble de paliers étant disposé radialement à l'extérieur du conduit d'écoulement (12) par rapport à l'axe de rotation (X). Selon l'invention, l'ensemble de paliers est lubrifié hydrauliquement, l'ensemble de paliers comprenant une entrée d'eau (55a) qui est relié de manière fluidique à un réservoir d'eau dédié (57).
EP17706484.7A 2016-03-04 2017-02-22 Turbine hydraulique, notamment turbine axiale, et centrale hydroélectrique équipé de celle-ci Withdrawn EP3423703A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016203596.7A DE102016203596A1 (de) 2016-03-04 2016-03-04 Wasserturbine, insbesondere Axialturbine, und Wasserkraftwerk mit selbiger
PCT/EP2017/054003 WO2017148756A1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-02-22 Turbine hydraulique, notamment turbine axiale, et centrale hydroélectrique équipé de celle-ci

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3423703A1 true EP3423703A1 (fr) 2019-01-09

Family

ID=58098631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17706484.7A Withdrawn EP3423703A1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-02-22 Turbine hydraulique, notamment turbine axiale, et centrale hydroélectrique équipé de celle-ci

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3423703A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016203596A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017148756A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112910173B (zh) * 2021-01-29 2022-08-02 广船国际有限公司 一种船舶用发电装置及船舶
DE102021125501A1 (de) 2021-10-01 2023-04-06 ECO Valve Germany GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Jan Klappstein, 25023 Humptrup) Regelarmatur
AT525669B1 (de) * 2022-06-15 2023-06-15 Global Hydro Energy Gmbh Lagerschmierung einer Schacht-Turbine mittels natürlicher Druckdifferenz

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1485186A (en) * 1919-11-24 1924-02-26 Leroy F Harza Hydraulic turbine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095918A (en) * 1975-10-15 1978-06-20 Mouton Jr William J Turbine wheel with catenary blades
JPS58190578A (ja) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-07 Toshiba Eng Co Ltd 水力機械の水潤滑装置
DE3718954A1 (de) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-22 Uwe Gartmann Propeller-anordnung, insbesondere fuer schiffsantriebe
US6806586B2 (en) * 1999-10-06 2004-10-19 Aloys Wobben Apparatus and method to convert marine current into electrical power
NO321755B1 (no) * 2003-06-25 2006-07-03 Sinvent As Fremgangsmate og anordning for omforming av energi fra/til vann under trykk.
US7378750B2 (en) * 2005-07-20 2008-05-27 Openhybro Group, Ltd. Tidal flow hydroelectric turbine
NO20055236A (no) * 2005-11-08 2007-01-08 Elinova As Integrert vannturbin og generator uten nav
GB0700128D0 (en) * 2007-01-04 2007-02-14 Power Ltd C Tidal electricity generating apparatus
DE102008045500A1 (de) 2008-09-03 2010-03-04 Wobben, Aloys Wasserkraftanlage
US9394942B2 (en) * 2014-02-14 2016-07-19 Us Synthetic Corporation Bearing assemblies and apparatuses including superhard bearing elements

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1485186A (en) * 1919-11-24 1924-02-26 Leroy F Harza Hydraulic turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016203596A1 (de) 2017-09-07
WO2017148756A1 (fr) 2017-09-08

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