EP3414034A1 - Prétraitement, procédé d'impression 3d d'un élément structural et système associé - Google Patents

Prétraitement, procédé d'impression 3d d'un élément structural et système associé

Info

Publication number
EP3414034A1
EP3414034A1 EP17724516.4A EP17724516A EP3414034A1 EP 3414034 A1 EP3414034 A1 EP 3414034A1 EP 17724516 A EP17724516 A EP 17724516A EP 3414034 A1 EP3414034 A1 EP 3414034A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base material
temperature
component
pretreatment
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17724516.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Brunhuber
Axel Papperitz
Steffen Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3414034A1 publication Critical patent/EP3414034A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • B22F1/142—Thermal or thermo-mechanical treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B23K26/703—Cooling arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for Additi ⁇ ven production of a component or a pretreatment for the process and a correspondingly manufactured component. Further, a device which is designed for operation of the method described, as well as a plant for ⁇ collectively the apparatus.
  • the device is preferably provided for use in a Strö ⁇ mung machine, preferably a gas turbine.
  • the component is preferably made of a superalloy, in particular ⁇ special a nickel or cobalt-based superalloy, or is produced accordingly.
  • the superalloy may be precipitation hardened or precipitation hardenable.
  • the component can furthermore consist of or comprise a tinder and / or high-temperature-resistant alloy.
  • the component is for use in a hot gas ⁇ path of a turbomachine, such as a gas turbine, vorgese ⁇ hen.
  • a turbomachine such as a gas turbine, vorgese ⁇ hen.
  • Additive or generative manufacturing processes include, for example, beam melting and / or beam welding processes.
  • the melt-blasting processes include, in particular, selective laser melting (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM)
  • SLM selective laser melting
  • EBM electron beam melting
  • LMD laser deposition welding
  • Additive fabrication methods have proved to be particularly advantageous designed for complex or complicated or delicate components, for example labyrinth-like structures, cooling ⁇ structures and / or lightweight structures.
  • powdered base material for the additive preparation before the actual structure is preheated to moderate temperatures of for example 100 ° C.
  • these process steps serve rather to dry the base material, which may be, for example, hygroscopic and / or to increase the efficiency of the entire production process, since a welding or melting process can be carried out more quickly with already preheated powder.
  • the material properties sheep ⁇ th which result for additive components produced, for example, can be improved by a reduction in the susceptibility to hot cracking by the introduced agent.
  • One aspect of this invention relates to a method for additively manufacturing a component from a pulverför--shaped base material comprising the thermal pre-treatment of the base material at a first temperature, crizspielswei ⁇ se of at least 800 ° C, conveniently under an
  • Protective gas atmosphere wherein the first temperature and a duration of the pretreatment are further selected such that there is no, in particular significant or significant sintering process of the base material. Preferably al ⁇ remains so doing get the powder form of the base material.
  • the first temperature is at least 800 ° C.
  • the first temperature is at least 900 ° C. In one embodiment, the first temperature is at least 1000 ° C.
  • the first temperature is at least 1100 ° C.
  • the first temperature is 1204 ° C.
  • the method further comprises the subsequent cooling of the base material, starting from the first temperature and the additive construction of the component from the thermally pretreated base material, preferably in a corresponding device.
  • intermetallic and / or intergranular may be a heating temperature and time and selected duration so with advantage insbeson ⁇ particular, boron or borides (for example, M5B3 borides), carbon compounds or Karbi- de and / or other ingredients which are required in various Ma ⁇ terialsystemen, remain distributed throughout the each grain and not amplified form at the grain boundaries, but during the pretreatment of the grain boundaries can diffuse away instead of or.
  • the segregation of the abovementioned borides / carbides at the grain boundaries is a significant driver for the formation of hot cracks during welding or melting of high-performance materials by means of additive manufacturing.
  • the present invention particularly relates to the Vorbe ⁇ treatment of pulverulent and / or granular base material, especially in comparison to a pre-treatment of solids, which is, for example, in the prior art Toggle interpreted, there are the problems that after the Ermér ⁇ mung always a sufficient cooling and or control of the corresponding diffusion processes must be carried out, in particular by the constant presence of air trapped between the powder particles.
  • the cracks mentioned after the thermal pretreatment and / or after the additive structuri- be treated by hot isostatic pressing and vorzugswei ⁇ se at least partially closed.
  • the thermal pretreatment DER art is carried out such that a diffusion length, in particular egg ⁇ ne average diffusion length of ingredients, in particular of boron and / or carbon compounds or agents of ⁇ - and / or ⁇ '-phase of a superalloy, of the Base material having the first temperature is greater than a mean grain size, for example, a grain diameter or a Kornradi ⁇ us, of powder particles of the base material, preferably averaged over all powder particles of the base material.
  • a mean grain size for example, a grain diameter or a Kornradi ⁇ us
  • the constituents mentioned can be made possible for the constituents mentioned to be able to diffuse away from grain boundaries, thus preventing in particular segregation of the borides, carbides and / or the ⁇ and / or ⁇ 'formers. This in turn can prevent the formation of hot cracks or other structural defects, for example during operation or during the additive construction of the corresponding component.
  • the thermal pretreatment is carried out in such a way or the first temperature and / or the duration of the pretreatment selected such that a precipitation or segregation of, in particular intergranular, borides and / or carbides is minimized.
  • the said relation between the diffusion length and the mean grain size can furthermore be caused by the fact that the temperature and / or the duration of the pretreatment are selected accordingly.
  • the diffusion length is preferably a thermal average diffusion length of the corresponding constituents.
  • the thermal pretreatment is carried out in such a way or the temperature and / or the duration of the pretreatment chosen such that a, in particular significant segregation in particular of boron or carbon compounds or formers of a ⁇ and / or ⁇ 'phase of Superalloy, is prevented at grain boundaries of powder particles of the base material.
  • the first temperature is selected such that a so-called solvus temperature for the ⁇ and / or ⁇ 'phase of the base material is exceeded.
  • the cooling is carried out such that the base material with a temperature gradient of at least 150 k / min, preferably 200 K / min, for example ⁇ cools to room temperature.
  • the base material may, for example, be cooled to a temperature above or below room temperature. The rapid cooling may be necessary, in particular, to generate a driving force for a so-called athermal phase transformation.
  • the cooling must be fast enough he ⁇ follow to prevent (further) diffusion processes in the base material so that, ten to conservation by the pretreatment produced composition or distribution of the base material, for example, the additive structure of the component.
  • the base material may are thereby cooled fast enough to prevent ⁇ and the state "freeze", established by the previous temperature level (first temperature) was controlled, for example, undesirable precipitations to ver.
  • the temperature gradient during the cooling of the base material between 100 and 300 K / min ,
  • the duration of the thermal pretreatment is at least two hours. This period may be sufficient and in particular, to stimulate or the above-mentioned diffusion ⁇ operations of said components, preferably in each or a plurality of grains of each powder particle complete. In one embodiment, the duration of the thermal pre-treatment is between one and five hours, for example two or four hours.
  • the thermal pretreatment comprises maintaining the base material at the first temperature for at least two hours.
  • the duration of the thermal pretreatment is at least four hours.
  • the duration may be understood as meaning the time span during which the first temperature and / or the second temperature (see below) are kept constant overall according to the described method.
  • the thermal pretreatment comprises a heating of the base material to a first temperature of at least 1000 ° C., preferably 1200 ° C., with a Tempe ⁇ raturegradienten of at least 5 K / min, preferably 10 K / min.
  • a moderate or slow warming expedient wherein the diffusi ⁇ onsvor Cyprus and / or a thermal equilibrium just ER- wishes are not - should be prevented - such as in the beschrie ⁇ surrounded cooling.
  • the thermal pretreatment comprises a heating of the base material to the first temperature with a temperature gradient of well above 10 K / min.
  • such temperature gradients or far more applicable to powder material as the base material where ⁇ contrast 'heating rates "for heat treatment of" bulk "- may be limited by a voltage or risk of cracking material (not powdered" volume material ").
  • the temperature gradient when warming up the base material is between one and 20 K / min.
  • the thermal pretreatment preferably after heating or warming to the first temperature, comprises cooling or partial cooling to a second temperature or "intermediate" temperature, in particular to a temperature between 1100 ° C. and 1200 ° C. with a temperature gradient of at least 150, preferably 200
  • the second temperature or "intermediate" temperature refers to a temperature below said solvus temperature, preferably just or just a few ° C, such as 10 or 20 ° C below the corresponding solvus temperature.
  • the second temperature is between 800 and 1200 ° C.
  • the second temperature is 1120 ° C.
  • the thermal pretreatment comprises maintaining the base material at the second temperature for at least two hours.
  • Such a design may be the special ⁇ necessary or advantageous to adjust moderate hardening of the base material, but - produced no segregation at the grain boundaries - as described above.
  • the thermal pretreatment is carried out in such a way or the temperature (s), ie preferably the first temperature, the second temperature and / or the duration of the pretreatment chosen such that the base material during the cooling of the same after the thermal Vorbe ⁇ treatment a martensitic, diffusionless and / or
  • the thermal pretreatment is carried out in a device different from a conventional system for additive construction or additive manufacturing.
  • the base material during the thermal pretreatment is homogeneously heated to diffusion processes also homogeneously distributed, for example across the entire Pul ⁇ vervolumen of the base material to run.
  • the base material is during
  • a particularly homogeneous negative temperature change may be necessary is because inhomogeneities in the temperature change (for example, distributed over the volume of a grain or the whole particle), ie beispielswei ⁇ se large changes in temperature at the edge of a powder container can prevent diffusion processes.
  • the base material is a base material for a, in particular boron-containing, nickel- or kobaltba ⁇ - oriented, superalloy.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a component which is prepared according to the method of any ofcuitge ⁇ claims or can be produced, further comprising a particle size distribution with a mean grain size of less than 200 ym, preferably less than 100 ym.
  • Wei ⁇ terhin may comprise the component is a component produced compared to conventionally additive with respect to its creep resistance and / or susceptibility to hot cracking improved microstructure.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing or pretreating the powdery base material for additive production, comprising the thermal pretreatment or thermal pretreatment of the base material as described above, and the described cooling of the base material, which adheres to the thermi ⁇ cal pretreatment followed.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for the production of the component additive umfas ⁇ sending a heating device, for example a induc- ONS or radiant heating, and a cooling device, wherein the device is configured or designed for operation of the process.
  • the heating as well as the cooling device can be configured such that the base material can be heated particularly high, but in particular can be cooled homogeneously.
  • a container for the pulverulent base material may likewise be correspondingly formed, for example round or spherical or shaped differently, in order to allow a temperature gradient distributed as uniformly as possible or a uniform cooling, for example over the entire powder to be treated.
  • the cooling device can for example be based on dry ice or liquid nitrogen in order to allow the described large temperature gradients on cooling.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for the additive production of the component, comprising the apparatus, wherein the apparatus is a Laser Kirsch Trop- device or a device for powder bed-based additive building or manufacturing of the component, in particular for selective laser melting.
  • Embodiments, features and / or advantages relating in the present case to the described methods can also relate to the device, the installation and / or the component or vice versa.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of process steps of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 indicates schematically and simplified a Materialzu ⁇ composition of ingredients of a base material for additive manufacturing.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary, simplified temperature profile of a thermal pretreatment according to the method described.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic sectional view of an OF INVENTION ⁇ to the invention apparatus for additive manufacturing.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a erfindungsge ⁇ MAESSEN system for additive production.
  • Figure 1 indicates the method steps of the method vorlie ⁇ constricting invention.
  • the method ⁇ step VI denotes the thermal pretreatment of a powdery base material 1 (see Figures 3 and 4 below) for the additive production of a component 10 (see Figure 5).
  • the indicated thermal pretreatment comprises fiction, ⁇ according heating the base material to a first temperature ⁇ ture of at least 800 ° C, preferably at least 900 ° C, more preferably 1000 ° C or more.
  • the first temperature may for example be 1200 ° C or more, in particular 1204 ° C (see Figure 2).
  • the ses in particular during the thermal pretreatment, the ses preferably under a protective gas atmosphere, for example ⁇ example comprising nitrogen, but preferably, carried out with argon as protective gas.
  • the thermal pre-treatment is particularly provided to cause diffusion processes in the individual powder particles of the Basisma ⁇ terials, in particular in the individual grains of the powder particles of the base material, which lead to an improved phase or material composition of the base material or of the component finally produced.
  • the component has finished manufactured with pre ⁇ part a particle size distribution with a mean grain size of less than 200 ym, preferably less than 100 ym sawn Sonders Favor less than 50 ym or less.
  • the component ready prepared preferably exhibits a significantly reduced tendency to hot cracks or alterations ⁇ ren structure defects such as creep deformation.
  • substantially fewer and / or shorter cracks occur, for example cracks having a length of less than 100 ⁇ m, which can be at least partially efficiently closed again by means of hot isostatic pressing according to the invention.
  • another microstructure sets in, in particular a coarser grain size, which advantageously results in a higher creep resistance of the material.
  • the first temperature and / or duration of the thermal pretreatment are furthermore chosen such that there is no significant sintering or sintering of the base material, that is to say that the base material after the thermal pretreatment is preferably still in powder form with the same powder or powder Particle fraction as before the thermal pretreatment.
  • the process step V2 preferably describes Invention ⁇ accordance with a subsequent (ie, after the thermal pretreated your) cooling the base material from the first temperature.
  • the cooling V2 is described in detail and by way of example in FIG.
  • the method step V3 designates the additive construction or production of the component from the thermally pretreated base material, preferably in a corresponding device or installation (compare reference numbers 100, 200 in FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a simplified section through a single crystal grain or a powder the particles of Basisma ⁇ terials 1. Due to the uniform puncturing of an internal ⁇ space of the grain 1 in figure 2 is intended to be for example indicated that the material or metal particle already Invention ⁇ according was thermally pretreated and therefore has a homogeneous material composition. In other words, there are no significant segregations or concentration gradients of individual components, for example alloying elements of the base material.
  • the circular dashed line SG implies especially simplifies a possible position of a boundary of Seige ⁇ approximations, such as boron or carbon compounds, to which stanchions in conventional powder material for superalloys are present or powder particles, which were thermally treated not according to the present invention .
  • the said segregations may also relate to other constituents, for example impurities of base material 1. Furthermore, such a segregation may relate to the distribution of constituents which form a ⁇ and / or ⁇ 'phase for the superalloy.
  • the preheating temperature and duration will be selected by the method according to the invention such that constituents in the metal of the base material, preferably in each particle thereof, on the one hand can diffuse, but on the other hand still no sintering or solidification the metal powder comes.
  • the Vorholictempe ⁇ temperature and time should be selected so that intermetallic or intergranular boron or carbon compounds such as borides, such as M5B3 borides ( "M” may be a metallic element denote ”) or carbides do not significantly or excessively at the grain boundaries form or diffuse away from the grain boundaries.
  • the segregation of borides or carbides at the grain boundaries is a significant driver for the formation of hot cracks during welding or melting of the base material 1.
  • the thermal pretreatment may be carried out in such a way and / or are selected such that a diffusion ⁇ length of ingredients, especially of boron or carbon compounds or agents of a ⁇ -phase of a Superle- yaw, the base material 1 is larger at the first temperature as a medium Grain size of powder particles of the base material 1.
  • the thermal pretreatment may be such Runaway ⁇ resulting in that the base material during cooling undergoes a martensitic diffusionless and / or non-thermal environmental change.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic exemplary temperature profile of the thermal pre-treatment according to the invention:
  • a relatively slow warming up of the base material as indicated (in Figure 4 compare reference numeral 100) to a first temperature Tl before ⁇ preferably in an appropriate device.
  • the first temperature Tl is preferably at least 800 ° C or more, as described above.
  • the first temperature Tl 1204 ° C.
  • the origin of the coordinate system does not necessarily have to describe a zero point here.
  • the temperature gradient or the increase in the shown Tempe ⁇ ratur- "ramp" of heating is, for example, 10 K / min.
  • the base material for example, slower or slightly faster to the first temperature, for example, with a temperature gradient 1-20 K / min or more.
  • the first temperature T 1 may denote a solvus temperature, in particular a ⁇ solvus temperature, above which, for example, the mentioned ⁇ -formers may dissolve and / or diffuse in the base material.
  • Furthermore then may comprise a relatively rapid cooling to a second temperature T2 ⁇ structure or intermediate temperature, the inventive pretreatment ⁇ lung.
  • the second temperature T2 is preferably lower by some 100 ° C. than the first temperature T1.
  • the cooling can be carried out such that the base material 1 is carried out with a temperature gradient of, for example, 200 K / min. Said temperature gradient during cooling can however OF INVENTION ⁇ dung invention include, for example, values between 100 and 300 K / min.
  • the thermal pretreatment preferably comprises a further period of time or duration in which the base material of the base material is kept at the temperature.
  • the duration t1 can be the duration t2 or longer or shorter.
  • a further temperature change for example, comprise a further slight cooling to a temperature T3, wherein the temperature T3 may be, for example, also lower than the temperature Tl and the tempera ⁇ ture T2 ,
  • the method comprises cooling to an original temperature, for example room temperature.
  • the temperature gradient of this cooling process preferably corresponds to the temperature gradient which has been described above and describes the transition between the temperature T1 in the temperature T2.
  • the temperature gradient during cooling of the base material 1 is substantially greater than that during heating (see above).
  • the sub-cooling or cooling must be deep enough and fast enough to generate a necessary driving force for example for the athermal Phasenumwand ⁇ development and to significant diffusion processes currency rend the cooling phase to prevent.
  • the necessary Unterküh ⁇ lung and cooling rate are in particular considered highly dependent on the material or its alloy components and can vary over a wide range.
  • one skilled in the art of developing alloys for turbomachines will be able to choose the method of pre-treating the base material such that in a finished superalloy component, the be set above advantageous material compositions or phases.
  • the base material 1 preferably relates to an initial material for the additive production of a component made of a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy.
  • FIG. 4 shows a device 100 in a schematic sectional view.
  • the device 100 is preferably designed to operate the described method.
  • the Vorrich ⁇ tung 100 is preferably different from a convention ionel ⁇ len system or apparatus for additively manufacturing a component.
  • the device 100 For holding the base material 1, for example in the case of powder-bed-based additive manufacturing processes, the device 100 comprises a container 2.
  • the apparatus 100 further comprises, in particular, a heating device 4 for heating the base material 1 according to the described method.
  • a heating device 4 for heating the base material 1 according to the described method.
  • the base Mate ⁇ rial 1 is heated according to the invention particularly homogeneous to diffusi ⁇ onsreae also homogeneously, for example via the GESAM ⁇ te powder bed of the base material 1 distributed sen occur to the detriment.
  • the device 100 further comprises a cooling device 3, which is likewise preferably designed such that the base material 1 can be cooled particularly homogeneously and / or particularly effectively and rapidly.
  • a cooling device 3 which is likewise preferably designed such that the base material 1 can be cooled particularly homogeneously and / or particularly effectively and rapidly.
  • the base material through the cooling device 3 according to the above-described temperature gradient is cooled ⁇ NEN.
  • the cooling device 3 may comprise, for example, a gas cooling.
  • a cooled gas such as argon or nitrogen can be provided be.
  • a "cooling gas” may be the above-mentioned protective gas Hérange ⁇ subjected when the device 100 is integrated for example in a plant for the manufacture of additive (see below).
  • the cooling device 3 is preferably disposed within the Behei ⁇ limiting device. 4 Alternatively, however, the heating device 4 may be arranged within the cooling device 3.
  • the above-mentioned container may have other than the rectangular shape shown in ⁇ play, a ball shape for a particularly homogeneous Tempe ⁇ ratureingnagna by the thermodynamic equilibrium.
  • the system 200 includes the device 100.
  • the system 200 is further preferably a system for laser deposition welding ⁇ or powder bed based additive constructing the component 10, in particular for selective laser melting ⁇ , or a corresponding device.
  • the invention is not limited by the description based on the embodiments of these, but includes each new feature and any combination of features. This includes, in particular, any combination of features in the patent claims, even if this feature or this combination itself is not explicitly stated in the patent claims or exemplary embodiments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'impression 3D ainsi qu'un élément (10) correspondant fabriqué selon ce procédé et réalisé dans un matériau de base (1) pulvérulent, comprenant les étapes suivantes : - prétraitement thermique du matériau de base (1) à une première température (T1) d'au moins 800 °C dans une atmosphère de gaz protecteur, la première température (T1) et une durée (t1, t2) du prétraitement étant également sélectionnées de manière à éviter tout processus de frittage du matériau de base, - refroidissement subséquent du matériau de base (1) et - impression 3D de l'élément structural (10) avec le matériau de base (1) soumis à une prétraitement thermique. L'invention concerne un système correspondant pour l'impression 3D.
EP17724516.4A 2016-05-09 2017-05-08 Prétraitement, procédé d'impression 3d d'un élément structural et système associé Withdrawn EP3414034A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016207898.4A DE102016207898A1 (de) 2016-05-09 2016-05-09 Vorbehandlung, Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung eines Bauteils und Vorrichtung
PCT/EP2017/060888 WO2017194451A1 (fr) 2016-05-09 2017-05-08 Prétraitement, procédé d'impression 3d d'un élément structural et système associé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3414034A1 true EP3414034A1 (fr) 2018-12-19

Family

ID=58739017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17724516.4A Withdrawn EP3414034A1 (fr) 2016-05-09 2017-05-08 Prétraitement, procédé d'impression 3d d'un élément structural et système associé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11148196B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3414034A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109153074B (fr)
CA (1) CA3023469C (fr)
DE (1) DE102016207898A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017194451A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018200287A1 (de) 2018-01-10 2019-07-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbomaschineninnengehäuse
DE102021203476A1 (de) 2021-04-08 2022-10-13 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hoch- oder höchstfesten Bauteils

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005022308B4 (de) * 2005-05-13 2007-03-22 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts mit einem beheizten Beschichter für pulverförmiges Aufbaumaterial
WO2008026500A1 (fr) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Poudre métallique pour photofabrication métallique et procédé de photofabrication métallique l'utilisant
US9446457B2 (en) 2011-09-16 2016-09-20 Osg Corporation Drill body of indexable drill
FR2987293B1 (fr) * 2012-02-27 2014-03-07 Michelin & Cie Procede et appareil pour realiser des objets tridimensionnels a proprietes ameliorees
DE102012012344B4 (de) * 2012-03-21 2018-05-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Werkstücken durch Strahlschmelzen pulverförmigen Materials
US9561542B2 (en) * 2012-11-06 2017-02-07 Arcam Ab Powder pre-processing for additive manufacturing
JP6431898B2 (ja) * 2013-04-24 2018-11-28 ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイションＵｎｉｔｅｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ 粉末を脱ガス及び熱処理する流動層
WO2015010200A1 (fr) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 University Of Manitoba Traitement thermique avant soudage de superalliages à base de nickel durcis par précipitation y'
WO2015023439A1 (fr) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-19 United Technologies Corporation Traitement de poudre de lit fluidisé à haute température
WO2015047128A1 (fr) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'alliage à base de nickel comprenant un post-traitement thermique et élément comportant l'alliage à base de nickel
DE102013226298A1 (de) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 MTU Aero Engines AG Belichtung bei generativer Fertigung
DE102014203386A1 (de) 2014-02-25 2015-08-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pulverbett-basiertes additives Herstellungsverfahren, bei dem eine Stützstruktur zur Herstellung des Bauteils verwendet wird
CN103866162B (zh) 2014-03-02 2015-10-14 钢铁研究总院 一种具有高裂纹扩展抗力的镍基粉末冶金高温合金
MX355451B (es) * 2014-06-20 2018-04-18 Velo3D Inc Aparatos, sistemas y metodos para impresion tridimensional.
CN105345003A (zh) * 2015-12-16 2016-02-24 阳江市五金刀剪产业技术研究院 一种刀剪增材制造设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3023469A1 (fr) 2017-11-16
CN109153074B (zh) 2021-11-09
CA3023469C (fr) 2022-01-04
DE102016207898A1 (de) 2017-11-09
CN109153074A (zh) 2019-01-04
US20190105709A1 (en) 2019-04-11
US11148196B2 (en) 2021-10-19
WO2017194451A1 (fr) 2017-11-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3445767C2 (fr)
DE112010002758B4 (de) Ermüdungsresistente gegossene gegenstände aus titanlegierung
CH705750A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Komponenten oder Abschnitten, die aus einer Hochtemperatur-Superlegierung bestehen.
EP3731985B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication additive de pièce avec renforcement par dispersion d'oxydes et pièce correspondante
DE102009051479A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Bauteils einer Strömungsmaschine
AT16217U1 (de) Additiv gefertigtes Bauteil
EP3682988A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'aubes mobiles à partir d'alliages de base ni et aube mobile ainsi fabriquée
DE10062310C2 (de) Verfahren zur Behandlung metallischer Werkstoffe
DE102011116212A1 (de) Wärmebehandlungen von Metallgemischen, die durch ALM gebildet worden sind, zur Bildung von Superlegierungen.
DE112019007062T5 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines tial-legierungsteils und system zur herstellung eines tial-legierungsteils
DE102017204099A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauteilen aus einem Duplexstahl sowie mit dem Verfahren hergestellte Bauteile
CH709882A2 (de) Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen von Hochtemperaturmaterialien und damit hergestellte Artikel.
WO2017194451A1 (fr) Prétraitement, procédé d'impression 3d d'un élément structural et système associé
DE2200670A1 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen metallkeramischer Gegenstaende
DE2550858A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung und/oder waermebehandlung von metallischen formkoerpern
DE102014222526A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum generativen Herstellen zumindest eines Bauteilbereichs eines Bauteils
EP2952276A1 (fr) Procede destine au traitement thermique d'une piece en alliage a base de nickel
DE69928722T2 (de) Wärmebehandelte,sprühgegossene Superlegierungsgegenstände und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102018210397A1 (de) Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung einer Struktur mit Kühlmittelführung, Bauteil und Vorrichtung
WO2022105967A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un composant à partir d'un alliage et composant ainsi obtenu
EP1570098A2 (fr) Procede pour produire un composant presentant une meilleure aptitude au soudage et/ou une meilleure aptitude a l'usinage mecanique a partir d'un alliage
WO2020020508A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication additive présentant une irradiation sélective et une application ainsi qu'un traitement thermique simultanés
WO2019020668A1 (fr) Élément renforcé par des fibres et procédé de fabrication
WO2023030714A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication additive d'un composant métallique, et composant fabriqué de manière additive
DE69916763T2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von wärmebehandelten, sprühgegossesen Superlegierungsgegenstände

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20180910

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20200728

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO. KG

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20231201