EP3413586A1 - Okklusionskontrollsystem für ein hörgerät sowie ein hörgerät - Google Patents

Okklusionskontrollsystem für ein hörgerät sowie ein hörgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3413586A1
EP3413586A1 EP18169413.4A EP18169413A EP3413586A1 EP 3413586 A1 EP3413586 A1 EP 3413586A1 EP 18169413 A EP18169413 A EP 18169413A EP 3413586 A1 EP3413586 A1 EP 3413586A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electroactive material
sealing element
hearing instrument
acoustic impedance
ear canal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18169413.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3413586B1 (de
Inventor
Jonathan Boley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GN Hearing AS
Original Assignee
GN Hearing AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/618,996 external-priority patent/US10206051B2/en
Application filed by GN Hearing AS filed Critical GN Hearing AS
Publication of EP3413586A1 publication Critical patent/EP3413586A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3413586B1 publication Critical patent/EP3413586B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/50—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/45—Prevention of acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback
    • H04R25/456—Prevention of acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback mechanically
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/41—Detection or adaptation of hearing aid parameters or programs to listening situation, e.g. pub, forest
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/43—Signal processing in hearing aids to enhance the speech intelligibility
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/61—Aspects relating to mechanical or electronic switches or control elements, e.g. functioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/11—Aspects relating to vents, e.g. shape, orientation, acoustic properties in ear tips of hearing devices to prevent occlusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/30—Monitoring or testing of hearing aids, e.g. functioning, settings, battery power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/65—Housing parts, e.g. shells, tips or moulds, or their manufacture
    • H04R25/652—Ear tips; Ear moulds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/65—Housing parts, e.g. shells, tips or moulds, or their manufacture
    • H04R25/652—Ear tips; Ear moulds
    • H04R25/656—Non-customized, universal ear tips, i.e. ear tips which are not specifically adapted to the size or shape of the ear or ear canal

Definitions

  • the disclosure primarily relates to an occlusion control system for a hearing instrument and a hearing instrument being provided with such a system.
  • ear-worn devices Many different kinds are known in the art. For the purposes of this application, traditional hearing aids, tinnitus maskers, hearables, non-prescription hearing aids, earbuds, hearing protections and others are all encompassed by the employed omnibus term hearing instrument.
  • Miniature hearing aids that are completely wearable in the ear, e.g. in-the-ear hearing aid (ITE) or completely-in-the-canal hearing aid (CIC), are suitable for countering mild hearing impairment.
  • ITE in-the-ear hearing aid
  • CIC completely-in-the-canal hearing aid
  • BTE behind-the-ear hearing aid
  • RIE receiver-in-the-canal hearing aid
  • the ear canal becomes at least partially occluded from the outside environment when the hearing instrument is in use. As a consequence, occlusion effect develops. It is manifested by the hearing instrument wearer perceiving his/her own voice as being hollow and/or becoming unnaturally amplified.
  • One objective at hand is to at least alleviate drawbacks associated with the current art.
  • the present disclosure provides an occlusion control system for a hearing instrument, the system being adapted for positioning in an ear canal of a wearer of the hearing instrument.
  • Said system comprises a sealing element that physically seals off the ear canal when said system is positioned in the ear canal.
  • the operation of the sealing element is controlled by an electric control signal, said sealing element being at least partially made in an electroactive material.
  • Acoustic impedance of the electroactive material varies as a function of an applied electric field determined by the content of the electric control signal.
  • What is achieved is a way of dynamically adjusting acoustic properties of the sealing element that at all times physically seals off the ear canal cavity. Acoustic properties are adjusted across the entire hearing frequency band. This is achieved by applying an electric field on the electroactive material that makes up the sealing element.
  • the applied force entails change of the compliance of the electroactive material, i.e. its elastic properties are changed.
  • the electroactive material when subjected to an applied force, may go from being soft to becoming completely rigid.
  • the electroactive material in rigid state is acoustically occluded, i.e. sound waves cannot pass across, whereas the same material in soft state is acoustically non-occluded and allows passage of sound waves.
  • acoustic impedance of the sealing element i.e. its resistance to the acoustic flow in the shape of the sound waves
  • different amounts of sound energy may pass across the barrier represented by the sealing element.
  • Compliance of the electroactive material of the sealing element could be controlled by the signal processor configured to generate an electric control signal.
  • the content of the electric control signal hence the elastic properties of the electroactive material, corresponds to the requirements posed by the wearer's outside environment, e.g. noisy, quiet, music concert, and/or wearer's state, e.g. speaking, eating, walking.
  • active control of the sound waves propagating towards or away from the ear canal cavity may be obtained so as to achieve maximal functional sealing of the ear canal with minimal occlusion effect.
  • the outside environment is to be construed as including all sounds which come from the outside to the hearing instrument.
  • one characterizing feature of such an acoustic environment is the spectral distribution of the energy of the environmental noise.
  • the membrane When the membrane is soft, low-frequency sound waves are transmitted through.
  • the low frequency energy inside the ear canal is therefore controlled by adjusting the acoustic impedance of the membrane - a rigid membrane provides greater acoustic impedance and increases the low-frequency energy in the ear, whereas a soft/flexible membrane provides less acoustic impedance and decreases the low-frequency energy (by allowing the energy to dissipate). Since a flexible membrane allows low-frequency energy to dissipate, the occlusion effect can be minimized. In this way, the user's voice (as well as chewing sounds, footsteps, etc.) is not amplified at low frequencies. In the same context, the wearer can benefit from improved bass response for music listening or even for sound signal amplification in order to account for low-frequency hearing loss.
  • a membrane in rigid state prevents environmental noise from leaking into the ear canal, thus providing signal processing opportunities to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (e.g., noise reduction, beamforming, etc.).
  • An apparatus for a hearing instrument configured to be at least partially placed in an ear canal of a wearer of the hearing instrument, the apparatus comprising: a sealing element configured to seal off the ear canal when the hearing instrument with the apparatus is at least partially positioned in the ear canal, wherein operation of the sealing element is controlled by an electric control signal, the sealing element being at least partially made from an electroactive material, wherein an acoustic impedance of the electroactive material of the sealing element varies as a function of an applied electric field, the applied electric field being based on a characteristic of the electric control signal.
  • the electroactive material comprises an elastomer.
  • the electroactive material is shaped as a membrane.
  • the apparatus further includes a polymer layer that at least partially overlaps with the membrane-shaped electroactive material.
  • the polymer layer is made of silicone.
  • the polymer layer is arranged to face the ear canal when the hearing instrument is at least partially positioned in the ear canal.
  • At least one of the membrane-shaped electroactive material and the polymer layer has at least one perforation.
  • a total acoustic mass of the at least one perforation exceeds 5000 kg/m 4 .
  • the electroactive material comprises carbon nanotubes.
  • a voltage of the applied electric field is anywhere from 0 V to 1.5 V.
  • the electroactive material in a first state has a first acoustic impedance and in a second state has a second acoustic impedance, the first acoustic impedance being higher than the second acoustic impedance.
  • the electric control signal for controlling operation of the sealing element to adjust the acoustic impedance of the electroactive material is based on a first electrical signal comprising information on external sounds.
  • the electric control signal for controlling operation of the sealing element to adjust the acoustic impedance of the electroactive material is based on the second electric signal comprising information on sounds generated in a sealed off portion of the ear canal.
  • the apparatus further includes a detector configured to detect whether the wearer of the hearing instrument is speaking, wherein the detector is configured to output a detector electric signal in response to a detected speech, and wherein the electric control signal for controlling operation of the sealing element to adjust the acoustic impedance of the electroactive material is based on the detector electric signal.
  • a hearing instrument includes the apparatus.
  • the hearing instrument includes a signal processor configured to provide the electric control signal.
  • the hearing instrument includes an earpiece, wherein the sealing element is a part of the earpiece.
  • the earpiece comprises one or more apertures, and the sealing element covers the one or more apertures.
  • the apparatus further includes a signal processor configured to provide the electric control signal.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a hearing aid 2 of the BTE-type comprising an occlusion control system 4 according to one embodiment.
  • the BTE-device has a main body 6, including most of the components and being placed behind the ear when the hearing aid is in use, and an earpiece 8 for insertion into the ear canal of the wearer. Accordingly, the ear piece of BTE-devices, comprising a dome structure 10, is separated from the main body of the hearing aid and it fits snugly into the wearer's ear canal. In this embodiment, the occlusion control system is a part of the dome structure. This embodiment will be discussed in more detail in connection with Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 2 is a close-up of the occlusion control system 4 shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the occlusion control system is part of a dome structure 10.
  • the dome structure comprises a dome base 12 and a dome top 14. These are physically connected by means of curved, peripherally extending ribs 16. Apertures in the dome structure are covered by a sealing element 18 of the occlusion control system.
  • the ear canal is physically sealed off when the system is positioned in the ear canal.
  • the sealing element comprises an electroactive material.
  • the electroactive material is shaped as a membrane.
  • the electroactive material is a polymer, more precisely an elastomer.
  • the peripheral ribs may be dispensed with such that the electroactive material extends between the dome base and the dome top along entire periphery of the dome structure.
  • Operation of the sealing element is controlled by an electric control signal.
  • the electric control signal is normally generated by a signal processor, typically housed in the main part shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Operation of the sealing element implies that the acoustic impedance of the electroactive material varies as a function of an applied electric field.
  • circuitry and/or module in the signal processor that generates the electric control signal may be considered to be a part of the occlusion control system 4. In other embodiments, the circuitry and/or module in the signal processor that generates the electric control signal may be considered as not a part of the occlusion control system 4.
  • acoustic properties of the sealing element that at all times physically seals off the ear canal cavity may be dynamically adjusted. This is achieved by applying an electric field on the electroactive material that makes up the sealing element. Magnitude of the applied field is determined by the content of the electric control signal, typically including control data in accordance with a predefined criterion or a suitable algorithm.
  • the applied force entails change of the compliance of the electroactive material, i.e. its elastic properties are changed.
  • the electroactive material when subjected to an applied force, may go from being soft, i.e. having low acoustic impedance, to becoming completely rigid, i.e. having high acoustic impedance.
  • the electroactive material in rigid state is acoustically occluded, i.e. sound waves cannot pass across, whereas the same material in soft state is acoustically non-occluded and allows passage of sound waves.
  • acoustic impedance of the sealing element i.e. its resistance to the acoustic flow in the shape of the sound waves, is altered. Accordingly and depending on the compliance of the electroactive material of the sealing element, different amounts of sound energy may pass across the barrier represented by the sealing element.
  • Compliance of the electroactive material of the sealing element could be controlled by the signal processor configured to generate an electric control signal.
  • the above-described system is also suitable for integration in RIE-devices, i.e. devices where the receiver/speaker unit is part of the dome structure. It is equally conceivable to integrate the system in a double-dome structure.
  • the system may further comprise a silicone-made polymer layer (not shown) arranged so as to at least partially overlap with the membrane-shaped electroactive material.
  • the polymer layer is arranged so as to face the ear canal, i.e. it covers the electroactive polymer, when the system is positioned in the ear canal.
  • At least one of the membrane-shaped electroactive material and the polymer layer is provided with at least one perforation that confers a venting effect. Regardless the number of perforations made, the total acoustic mass preferably exceeds 5000 kg/m 4 .
  • the electroactive material comprises carbon nanotubes.
  • the voltage of the applied electric field could be in the range between 0 V and 1.5 V, i.e. rather low voltages are required to ensure satisfactory operation of the system.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a hearing aid 2 of the ITE-type comprising an occlusion control system 4 according to another embodiment.
  • the occlusion control system is integrated in a hearing instrument that can be fully contained within the ear.
  • the occlusion control system 4 is not limited to application for ITE-devices (in-the-ear) or BTE devices.
  • the occlusion control system 4 may be employed for CIC-devices (completely-in-the-canal), or other types of hearing instrument.
  • a sealing element 18 of the shown occlusion control system is a planar structure arranged at an inlet portion of a vent tube 24 traversing the hearing instrument and connecting an ear canal cavity 26 and the outside environment 28.
  • the electroactive material is suspended onto a circumferentially extending support structure (not visible), the shape of which is congruent with the cross-sectional shape of the vent tube. Further properties and operation of the sealing element are commensurate with those discussed in connection with Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 4 is a contextual view of the hearing aid 2 of the ITE-type shown in Fig. 3 , when said hearing aid is inserted in the ear 30 of the wearer.
  • a residual volume/cavity 26 in the ear canal, delimited by the hearing aid, ear tissue and the ear drum 32 may be seen.
  • a dynamic, time-variant control of acoustically closing or opening the sealing element 18, i.e. changing its state can be provided as required by the acoustic situation at hand. Overall, this results in an improved hearing comfort for the wearer.
  • this situation-dependency are listed below:
  • the occlusion control system may comprise a microphone arranged to pick up external sounds and to output a first electric signal, wherein the signal processor uses the first electric signal when generating the electric control signal for controlling operation of the sealing element so as to adjust acoustic impedance of the electroactive material.
  • the microphone could be a part of the occlusion control system, but any of the microphones of the hearing aids could also be used.
  • the occlusion control system further comprises a microphone arranged to pick up sounds generated in the physically sealed off portion of the ear canal, i.e. the microphone faces the ear canal cavity.
  • the microphone outputs a second electric signal, wherein the signal processor uses the second electric signal when generating the electric control signal for controlling operation of the sealing element so as to adjust acoustic impedance of the electroactive material.
  • the microphone could be a part of the occlusion control system, but a microphone belonging to the hearing aid could also be used.
  • the system could have a pair of microphones, one for picking up external sounds and another for picking up sounds generated in the cavity. This could further improve steering of the electroactive material and minimize occlusion effect, even in very complex acoustic situations.
  • a vibration sensor can be used for picking up sounds generated in the cavity. This could further improve steering of the electroactive material and minimize occlusion effect, even in very noisy acoustic environments.
  • the occlusion control system or the hearing aid itself may further comprise a detector for detecting whether a wearer of the hearing aid is speaking and said detector, in response to detected speech, is configured to output a detector electric signal, wherein the signal processor uses the detector electric signal when generating the electric control signal for controlling operation of the sealing element so as to adjust acoustic impedance of the electroactive material.
  • the sealing element would, in response to detected speech attributable to the wearer, become maximally acoustically transparent (state of minimum acoustic impedance) in order to maximally attenuate detrimental occlusion effects.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a hearing protection device 34 comprising an occlusion control system 4 with a sealing element 18 according to one embodiment.
  • the occlusion control system when incorporated in a hearing protection device, carries significant structural resemblance to the solution deployed for a hearing aid of the ITE-type (shown in Figs. 3 and 4 ).
  • its functional properties are substantially identical to those of said ITE-device.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
EP18169413.4A 2017-06-09 2018-04-26 Okklusionskontrollsystem für ein hörgerät sowie ein hörgerät Active EP3413586B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/618,996 US10206051B2 (en) 2017-06-09 2017-06-09 Occlusion control system for a hearing instrument and a hearing instrument
DKPA201770606A DK201770606A1 (en) 2017-06-09 2017-08-14 AN OCCLUSION CONROL SYSTEM FOR A HEARING INSTRUMENT AND A HEARING INSTRUMENT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3413586A1 true EP3413586A1 (de) 2018-12-12
EP3413586B1 EP3413586B1 (de) 2022-06-29

Family

ID=62067438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18169413.4A Active EP3413586B1 (de) 2017-06-09 2018-04-26 Okklusionskontrollsystem für ein hörgerät sowie ein hörgerät

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3413586B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6965203B2 (de)
CN (1) CN109040931B (de)
DK (1) DK3413586T3 (de)

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US20100014696A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2010-01-21 Phonak Ag Hearing device
EP2405674A2 (de) 2010-07-09 2012-01-11 Siemens Hearing Instruments, Inc. Hörhilfe mit Einschlussunterdrückung
EP2835987A1 (de) * 2013-12-06 2015-02-11 Oticon A/s Hörgerät mit steuerbarer Entlüftung
WO2015104581A1 (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 Sony Corporation Headset equipped with material that can change in size
WO2017080585A1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2017-05-18 Sonova Ag Earpiece for coupling a hearing aid to a user's ear canal and a method for manufacturing such an earpiece

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DE102009010603A1 (de) * 2009-02-25 2010-05-12 Siemens Medical Instruments Pte. Ltd. Hörvorrichtung mit einem Aktor oder einem Sensor und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Hörvorrichtung
DE102009034826B4 (de) * 2009-07-27 2011-04-28 Siemens Medical Instruments Pte. Ltd. Hörvorrichtung und Verfahren
WO2013014852A1 (ja) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-31 パナソニック株式会社 イヤホン
DE102013203334B3 (de) * 2013-02-28 2014-05-22 Siemens Medical Instruments Pte. Ltd. Ventilvorrichtung, Hörgerät und Verfahren
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100014696A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2010-01-21 Phonak Ag Hearing device
EP2405674A2 (de) 2010-07-09 2012-01-11 Siemens Hearing Instruments, Inc. Hörhilfe mit Einschlussunterdrückung
EP2835987A1 (de) * 2013-12-06 2015-02-11 Oticon A/s Hörgerät mit steuerbarer Entlüftung
WO2015104581A1 (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 Sony Corporation Headset equipped with material that can change in size
WO2017080585A1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2017-05-18 Sonova Ag Earpiece for coupling a hearing aid to a user's ear canal and a method for manufacturing such an earpiece

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6965203B2 (ja) 2021-11-10
JP2019017060A (ja) 2019-01-31
DK3413586T3 (da) 2022-09-26
CN109040931B (zh) 2022-06-14
EP3413586B1 (de) 2022-06-29
CN109040931A (zh) 2018-12-18

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