EP3404677B1 - Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif - Google Patents

Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3404677B1
EP3404677B1 EP17171554.3A EP17171554A EP3404677B1 EP 3404677 B1 EP3404677 B1 EP 3404677B1 EP 17171554 A EP17171554 A EP 17171554A EP 3404677 B1 EP3404677 B1 EP 3404677B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protection arrangement
arrangement according
steel
tank
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17171554.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3404677A1 (fr
EP3404677B8 (fr
Inventor
Manoj Pradhan
Frédéric THOLENCE
George FRIMPONG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Energy Ltd
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
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Priority to EP17171554.3A priority Critical patent/EP3404677B8/fr
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Publication of EP3404677B1 publication Critical patent/EP3404677B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to inductive devices.
  • the invention is more particularly concerned with a protection arrangement for an inductive device as well as to an inductive apparatus comprising such a protection arrangement and inductive device.
  • Protection arrangements for inductive devices may comprise a tank with cooling and insulating fluid such as transformer oil in which the inductive device is immersed.
  • the protection arrangement may in this case also comprise a cooling bank with cooling radiators for the transformer oil which cooling bank is enclosed in a protective enclosure and connected to the tank via ducts.
  • EP 2369290 discloses an enclosure for electronic equipment such as a frequency converter, where there is an outer shell and an inner shell sandwiching a protective material. Both of the shells may be steel or stainless steel.
  • the protective material may be sand for stopping bullets.
  • CA 2961407 is concerned with a penetration inhibiting armor that envelops a transformer tank.
  • the armor may be made of plates or panes of steel having a high tensile strength.
  • One object of the present invention is therefore to provide a protective arrangement for an inductive device that achieves protection against a wide variety of potential problems, such as vandalism, transformer tank rupture and unnecessary losses due to magnetic leakage flux.
  • the invention has a number of advantages. It achieves protection against a wide variety of potential problems, such as vandalism, transformer tank rupture and unnecessary losses due to magnetic leakage flux. Moreover, this is done in a compact structure at low costs.
  • the present invention concerns inductive devices, such as transformers like power transformers, which are protected by protection arrangements.
  • the protection arrangement comprises a first enclosure for housing the inductive device.
  • the inductive device is a transformer
  • the first enclosure is a transformer tank 10.
  • the transformer tank 10 has at least one wall 12, a lid 14 and a bottom 16.
  • the tank has a rectangular shape and therefore there are four walls. It should however be realized that other shapes can exist, such as cylindrical, in which case there may be only one wall.
  • the tank 10 which is to house a transformer is also to be filled with cooling and insulation fluid, such as transformer oil.
  • the protection arrangement may also comprise a second enclosure 22 housing a cooling bank comprising radiators for cooling the fluid.
  • the tank 10 is connected to the cooling bank radiators (not shown) in the enclosure 22 via a first and a second duct 18 and 20.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view of one realization of the tank walls 12.
  • These walls 12 comprise two layers of material joined together, where a first inner layer 24 is a layer of non-magnetic steel, such as TWinning Induced Plasticity steel (TWIP), while a second outer layer is a layer 26 of bullet protecting material, which may be polyurea.
  • TWIP TWinning Induced Plasticity steel
  • a second outer layer is a layer 26 of bullet protecting material, which may be polyurea.
  • a non-magnetic steel is typically a high manganese steel typically comprising 15-35wt%Mn, ⁇ 3wt%Al, ⁇ 3wt%Si and ⁇ 1.5wt%C and sometimes Nitrogen and other micro-alloying elements such as Chromium, Boron, Niobium, Titanium, Vanadium. The remainder of the steel is made up of Iron and impurities.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a core for the transformer comprising an upper yoke 28 and a lower yoke 30 joined together by three parallel core legs 32, 34 and 36.
  • Transformer windings are supposed to be wound around each of the core legs 32, 34 and 36 and they may be fastened using at least one enclosure shunt element for the inductive device, e.g. using at least one tank shunt element, such as a flitch plate, tie rod or a core clamp.
  • the at least one enclosure shunt element thus comprises at least one element in the group of flitch plate, tie rod and core clamp.
  • flitch plate 38 and tie rod 40 although more may exist. It should however be realized that the tank shunt could be completely eliminated in case the tank wall is made of TWIP steel.
  • fig. 4 shows the tank 12 from above with the transformer core legs 32, 34 and 36 surrounded by primary 42, 44 and 46 and secondary 48, 50 and 52 windings.
  • each of the two long sides of the tank walls are for this reason magnetically shielded by a corresponding magnetic shield element 54 and 56 of soft magnetic material forming said magnetic screen, which shield elements may be glued laminated mild steel sheets, Grain oriented FeSi steel lamination or amorphous (AMF) magnetic steel tapes.
  • AMF amorphous
  • the tank for a fluid filled power transformer is traditionally made of engineering steel of certain dimension, such as 6 - 15 mm thick, and designed for a certain pressure such as for a 1.5 bar pressure.
  • a certain pressure such as for a 1.5 bar pressure.
  • there may be generated gas which in turn may cause the creation of a pressure wave of approximately 8 to 12 bar, often causing serious damage to infrastructure, sometimes leading to fatal consequences, beside interruption of power supply.
  • the electrical arc vaporizes oil and creates a dynamic pressure peak which travels at the speed of 1,200 meters per second (4,000 feet per second). This phenomenon occurs within a few milliseconds. Because of reflections in the tank 10, the pressure peak will generate pressure waves. The integration of all of the waves of pressure peaks creates static pressure. Eventually, the pressure is equalized throughout the entire transformer tank within 50 to 100 milliseconds after the electrical arc, and this may cause the transformer tank 10 to rupture causing interruption of the power supply and often large damage to the environment in which the transformer is placed, such as in a substation, and sometimes the rupture could lead to fatal accidents.
  • transformers may be provided with a further enclosure around the tank for reducing the risk to the environment.
  • a further enclosure often gives rise to a poor cooling performance due to a lack of ventilation and to an overall larger foot print.
  • the traditional transformer tank has losses due to an eddy current leakage flux cutting through the tank wall.
  • This eddy current leakage flux induce losses and lead to lower efficiency of transformer and tank wall hot spots.
  • These hotspots in the tank wall are not limited to the tank itself but if the hot spot temperature exceeds the vaporization temperature of the transformer oil, bubbles can be created that are detrimental to the dielectric integrity of the transformer or the oil might catch fire leading to catastrophic failure. It is therefore also of interest to lower such losses and the magnitude of the hottest spot.
  • Another risk is posed to power network by vandalism e.g. shot bullet on transformer tanks and hence they need to be designed to be bullet proof.
  • vandalism e.g. shot bullet on transformer tanks and hence they need to be designed to be bullet proof.
  • One objective is to mitigate these problems by use of an advanced material and design solution.
  • TWIP steel has a high tensile strength of above 800 MPa, a high Yield Strength of above 400 MPa, a hardness of about 300 Vickers Pyramid Number (HV), an electrical resistivity of about 0.71 ⁇ .m., a thermal conductivity of about 15 W/mK and an elongation at break of 60% and more. It can thus be seen that TWIP steel is tough and has a high energy absorption capability.
  • TWIP steel Since TWIP steel has higher energy absorption capability, the tank wall will be stronger with regard to internal explosions as well as external factors, such as vandalism. TWIP steel is inexpensive compared to stainless steel. In case of a normal transformer when explosion and vandalism proof requirements are not necessary, then the TWIP steel tank can be made thinner and lighter. Further since the TWIP steel is non-magnetic, the eddy losses on the tank wall and hot spot problems are eliminated.
  • the tank walls have the above-mentioned realization with TWIP steel and polyurea.
  • the lid and bottom may also be realized in the same way. However, they may also be differently realized. At least one or both of the lid 14 and bottom 16 may therefore comprise the non-magnetic steel. Alternatively, at least one of the lid 14 and bottom 16 may comprise magnetic steel.
  • the bottom 16 is made of ordinary construction steel with or without polyurea, while the lid 14 may be made of stainless steel with polyurea. It is therefore possible that the lid 14 and only the lid of the lid 14 and bottom 16 comprises a bullet protecting material that is the same as the bullet protecting material of the wall 12.
  • the cooling bank radiators do not need to be vandalism proof so these may therefore be realized using only the non-magnetic steel such as TWIP steel.
  • the second enclosure enclosing radiators may comprise the bullet protecting material.
  • the various tank shunt elements are realized using TWIP steel. At least one of the tank shunt elements may comprise the non-magnetic steel. It is for instance possible that the tie rod 40, flitch plate 38 and core clamp are made up of TWIP steel. However, as these elements are internal to the tank, they would normally not comprise any polyurea layer.
  • a magnetic fence for instance of very thin mild steel sheet, outside the tank.
  • One example of this are the provision of the shields 54 and 56 outside of the long sides of the tank shown in fig. 4 . These shields may be used when it is required that magnetic fields are extremely low outside the protection arrangement. It should here be realized that it is in this case possible also with shields along the short sides.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif (42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52) comprenant une première enceinte (10) destinée à abriter le dispositif inductif, ladite première enceinte ayant au moins une paroi (12), ladite paroi comprenant une première couche (24) d'acier et une deuxième couche (26) de matériau pare-balles, caractérisé en ce que la première couche d'acier (24) est une couche d'acier amagnétique à plasticité induite par maclage ayant une résistance à la traction supérieure à 800 MPa.
  2. Agencement de protection selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la deuxième couche (26) de matériau pare-balles est de la polyurée.
  3. Agencement de protection selon une quelconque revendication précédente, comprenant en outre au moins un élément de dérivation d'enceinte (38, 40) pour le dispositif inductif, ledit élément de dérivation d'enceinte comprenant ledit acier amagnétique à plasticité induite par maclage et comprenant au moins un élément dans le groupe d'une plaque de renforcement (38), d'un tirant (40) et d'un dispositif de serrage de noyau.
  4. Agencement de protection selon une quelconque revendication précédente, comprenant en outre au moins un écran magnétique (54, 56) autour d'au moins une partie de ladite au moins une paroi (12).
  5. Agencement de protection selon la revendication 4, dans lequel l'au moins un écran magnétique (54, 56) comprend un matériau magnétique doux.
  6. Agencement de protection selon une quelconque revendication précédente, comprenant en outre une deuxième enceinte (22) renfermant des radiateurs d'un banc de refroidissement pour un liquide de refroidissement du dispositif inductif, la deuxième enceinte (22) comprenant ledit matériau pare-balles.
  7. Agencement de protection selon la revendication 6, dans lequel les radiateurs comprennent ledit acier amagnétique à plasticité induite par maclage.
  8. Agencement de protection selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel la première enceinte (10) comprend un couvercle (14) et un fond (16).
  9. Agencement de protection selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le couvercle (14) et/ou le fond (16) comprennent ledit acier amagnétique à plasticité induite par maclage.
  10. Agencement de protection selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le couvercle (14) et/ou le fond (16) comprennent de l'acier magnétique.
  11. Agencement de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel le couvercle (14) et uniquement le couvercle parmi le couvercle (14) et le fond (16) comprend un matériau pare-balles qui est le même que le matériau pare-balles de ladite paroi (12).
  12. Agencement de protection selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel la première enceinte (10) est une cuve de transformateur pour un dispositif inductif (42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52) qui est un transformateur.
  13. Appareil inductif comprenant un dispositif inductif (42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52) et un agencement de protection selon une quelconque revendication précédente.
EP17171554.3A 2017-05-17 2017-05-17 Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif Active EP3404677B8 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17171554.3A EP3404677B8 (fr) 2017-05-17 2017-05-17 Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17171554.3A EP3404677B8 (fr) 2017-05-17 2017-05-17 Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3404677A1 EP3404677A1 (fr) 2018-11-21
EP3404677B1 true EP3404677B1 (fr) 2020-04-29
EP3404677B8 EP3404677B8 (fr) 2020-06-10

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EP17171554.3A Active EP3404677B8 (fr) 2017-05-17 2017-05-17 Agencement de protection pour un dispositif inductif

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Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3729048A1 (de) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-09 Siemens Ag Objektschutz fuer einen transformator mit grosser nennleistung
NL1032255C1 (nl) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-01 Ro Groep Holding B V Shelter, werkwijze voor het van een kogelwerende en/of scherfwerende laag voorzien van een wand of een paneel en shelter, voertuig, vaartuig of vliegtuig, voorzien van een wand of een paneel, vervaardigd volgens deze werkwijze.
EP2369290B1 (fr) * 2010-03-26 2012-05-09 ABB Oy Enceinte d'équipement électronique pour l'extérieur et procédé pour la réalisation d'une enceinte d'équipement électronique pour l'extérieur
CN102747273A (zh) 2012-06-28 2012-10-24 北京科技大学 一种含铌高锰无磁钢及其制备方法
PL3195334T3 (pl) * 2014-09-17 2018-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Urządzenie elektryczne odporne na ostrzał
US9815594B2 (en) 2014-10-15 2017-11-14 Abb Schweiz Ag Tank for electrical equipment
EP3210217B1 (fr) 2014-10-24 2022-06-29 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Dispositif inductif renforcé ainsi que systèmes et procédés de protection du dispositif inductif contre des évènements catastrophiques

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
EP3404677A1 (fr) 2018-11-21
EP3404677B8 (fr) 2020-06-10

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