EP3398194A1 - Couche isolante résistante au feu pour câble - Google Patents
Couche isolante résistante au feu pour câbleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3398194A1 EP3398194A1 EP16829295.1A EP16829295A EP3398194A1 EP 3398194 A1 EP3398194 A1 EP 3398194A1 EP 16829295 A EP16829295 A EP 16829295A EP 3398194 A1 EP3398194 A1 EP 3398194A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silicate
- cable according
- insulating layer
- cable
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001198 elastomeric copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001137251 Corvidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003345 Elvax® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001441571 Hiodontidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920010346 Very Low Density Polyethylene (VLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001912 maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015108 pies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/002—Inhomogeneous material in general
- H01B3/006—Other inhomogeneous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cable comprising at least one elongated conductive element surrounded by at least one insulating layer resistant to fire.
- safety cables are in particular power transmission cables or low frequency transmission cables, such as control or signaling cables.
- a significant slowdown in the progression of the flames it is as much time gained to evacuate the places and / or to implement appropriate means of extinction.
- the cable In case of fire, the cable must be able to withstand the fire in order to operate as long as possible and limit its degradation.
- a safety cable must also not be dangerous for its environment, that is to say, not to release toxic fumes and / or opaque when subjected to extreme thermal conditions.
- a fireproof and halogen-free electrical safety cable comprising a set of insulated electrical conductors, said assembly being surrounded by an outer sheath.
- Each insulated electrical conductor is formed by an electrical conductor surrounded by an insulating layer obtained from a composition comprising a polymeric material and at least one ceramic-forming filler, said insulating layer thus being able to convert at least superficially into the state of ceramics at high temperatures corresponding to fire conditions.
- the polymeric material of this single insulating layer is selected from a polysiloxane, an ethylene copolymer, and their mixture.
- this safety cable of the prior art does not have optimum fire resistance properties, and remains relatively expensive when a polysiloxane is chosen as the insulating material.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of prior art techniques by proposing in particular a cable having excellent fire resistance properties while limiting the risk of mechanical degradation of the electrical conductors or conduct that compose it, even at high temperature.
- the present invention relates to a cable comprising at least one elongate conductive element surrounded by at least one insulating layer obtained from a polymer composition comprising a polymer material and a charge cocktail, characterized in that the charge cocktail comprises:
- the third silicate being different from the first silicate and the second silicate
- the cable has a very good fire resistance, and in particular reduces significantly or even prevent the formation of inflamed droplets during the combustion of the cable.
- the mechanical properties of the cable of the invention are also improved which allows it to continue to operate even at high temperatures.
- the cable of the invention advantageously satisfies the requirements of the NF C 32-070 CR1 (2001) standard and the EN50200 (2006) standard.
- the invention as defined in this way also has the advantage of being economical since it makes it possible to significantly limit or even avoid the use of polysiloxane in the insulating layer, while having very good resistance properties. fire.
- the first silicate of the charge cocktail can be a phyllosilicate, such as, for example, mica.
- the charge cocktail may comprise from 20 to 40% by weight of first silicate based on the total weight of charge cocktail in the polymer composition.
- the second silicate of the charge cocktail can be a compound with a high specific surface area, especially at least 10 m 2 / g, and preferably at least 20 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is conventionally determined by the BET method according to DIN ISO 9277.
- the second silicate of the charge cocktail may in particular be of lamellar type.
- the second silicate may comprise magnesium silicate, such as, for example, talc.
- the charge cocktail can comprise from 20 to 40% by weight of second silicate relative to the total weight of charge cocktail in the polymer composition.
- the third silicate of the charge cocktail may be a compound comprising aluminum silicate, in particular of lamellar type.
- the third silicate may be selected from montmorillonite, bentonite, kaolinite, hectorite, halloysite, and a mixture thereof.
- a third silicate there may be mentioned a nanoclay, functionalized or otherwise. More particularly, it can be surface treated with quaternary ammonium cations.
- the charge cocktail may comprise from 5 to 30% by weight of third silicate based on the total weight of charge cocktail in the polymer composition.
- the oxide of an alkaline earth metal may be a compound different from the first and second silcates.
- the oxide of an alkaline earth metal advantageously makes it possible to improve the mechanical cohesion properties of the insulating layer after combustion under the effect of a flame.
- the alkaline earth metal oxide may be of high purity, in order to improve the electrical resistivity of the cable of the invention.
- High purity is understood to mean an alkaline earth metal oxide having a purity (by calcination) of at least 96.0%, preferably at least 98.0%, and particularly preferably at least 99.0%.
- the oxide of an alkaline earth metal of high purity advantageously limits the presence of electrically conductive compound (s), especially in the form of impurity (s).
- the impurities may contain, for example, heavy metals.
- the alkaline earth metal oxide may comprise at most 30 ppm of heavy metals, and preferably less than 10 ppm of heavy metals.
- the alkaline earth metal oxide has a melting temperature of at least 1500 ° C, preferably at least 2000 ° C, and particularly preferably at least 2500 ° C. ° C.
- the oxide of an alkaline earth metal may be a magnesium oxide (MgO).
- the charge cocktail may comprise from 20 to 40% by weight of an alkaline earth metal oxide based on the total weight of charge cocktail in the polymer composition.
- the cocktail of charges may include, relative to the total weight of cocktail of charges:
- the polymer material is from 20 to 40% by weight of alkaline earth metal oxide.
- the polymer material of the invention comprises one or more polymer (s), the term polymer being understood by any type of polymer well known to those skilled in the art such as homopolymer or copolymer (eg block copolymer, random copolymer, terpolymer , ..atc).
- polymer being understood by any type of polymer well known to those skilled in the art such as homopolymer or copolymer (eg block copolymer, random copolymer, terpolymer , ..atc).
- the polymer may be of the thermoplastic or elastomeric type, and may be crosslinked by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
- the polymeric material may comprise one or more olefin polymers, and preferably one or more ethylene polymers.
- An olefin polymer is conventionally a polymer obtained from at least one olefin monomer.
- the polymeric material may comprise more than 30% by weight of olefin polymer (s), preferably more than 50% by weight of olefin polymer (s), preferably more than 70% by weight of polymer (s) olefin, and particularly preferably more than 90% by weight of olefin polymer (s), based on the total weight of polymer material in the polymer composition.
- the polymeric material is composed solely of one or more olefin polymer (s).
- the polymeric material of the invention may comprise one or more olefin polymers selected from linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); a very low density polyethylene (VLDPE); low density polyethylene (LDPE); medium density polyethylene (MDPE); high density polyethylene (HDPE); an ethylene-propylene elastomeric copolymer (EPM); an ethylene propylene diene monomer terpolymer (EPDM); a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl ester such as a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA); a copolymer of ethylene and acrylate such as a copolymer of ethylene and butyl acrylate (EBA) or a copolymer of ethylene and methyl acrylate (EMA); a copolymer of ethylene and alpha-olefin such as an ethylene-octene copolymer (PEO) or a copolymer of ethylene and butene (PEB); and one of their mixture
- This grafted polymer advantageously makes it possible to improve the mechanical cohesion properties of the insulating layer after combustion under the effect of a flame.
- the graft polymer may be a maleic anhydride grafted olefin polymer, and in particular a maleic anhydride grafted ethylene polymer.
- the polymer material may comprise from 1 to 20% by weight of said graft polymer, and preferably from 5 to 15% by weight of said graft polymer, relative to the total weight of polymer material in the polymer composition.
- the polymeric material may comprise one or more ethylene polymer (s).
- the polymeric material may comprise a blend of at least two different ethylene polymers, and more particularly may include a blend of a homopolymer of ethylene and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA).
- EVA ethylene and vinyl acetate
- the polymeric material may comprise from 50 to 80% by weight of EVA and from 20 to 50% by weight of an ethylene homopolymer, based on the total weight of polymeric material in the polymeric composition.
- the polymer composition of the invention may comprise at least 30% by weight of polymer material, preferably at least 50% by weight of polymer material, and preferably at least 60% by weight of polymer material, relative to the total weight of the polymer composition.
- the polymer composition of the invention may comprise at least 30% by weight of said charge cocktail relative to the total weight of the polymer composition.
- the polymer composition may comprise at least 30% by weight of said polymer material relative to the total weight of the polymer composition.
- the polymer composition may have a Mooney viscosity of at least 50, and preferably at least 55.
- the polymer composition may have a Mooney viscosity of at most 100, and preferably at most 90.
- Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C) is expressed in Mooney units
- the polymer composition may typically further include additives in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymeric material in the polymeric composition.
- the additives are well known to those skilled in the art and may be chosen for example from protection agents (eg anti-UV, anti-copper), processing agents (eg plasticizers, lubricants), pigments, and antioxidants.
- the insulating layer of the invention surrounds the elongated conductive member, thereby forming an insulated elongated conductive member.
- extruded layer It can be easily shaped by extrusion around the elongated conductive member. This is called an extruded layer.
- the insulating layer is a so-called thermoplastic layer, or in other words a non-crosslinked layer.
- non-crosslinked is meant a layer whose gel level according to ASTM D2765-01 (xylene extraction) is at most 20%, preferably at most 10%, preferably at most 5%. %, and particularly preferably 0%.
- the insulating layer of the invention may advantageously be an electrically insulating layer.
- the term "electrically insulating layer” means a layer whose electrical conductivity can be at most 1.10 ⁇ 9 S / m (siemens per meter) (at 25 ° C), preferably at most 1.10. ⁇ 8 S / m, and preferably at most 1.10 "13 S / m (at 25 ° C).
- the thickness of insulating layer may range from 0.10 mm to 2.00 mm.
- the insulating layer may be in direct physical contact with the elongate conductive member.
- the elongated conductive member may be surrounded by the insulating layer of the invention as a single insulating layer. This is called "monolayer" insulation.
- the elongated conductive element may be surrounded by at least two insulating layers comprising:
- the insulating layer of the invention as an inner layer
- Another insulating layer as an outer layer, the outer layer surrounding the inner layer.
- the outer layer surrounding the inner layer then forms a so-called "bilayer" insulation.
- the outer layer may be more particularly a crosslinked layer by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
- the crosslinked layer can easily be characterized by determining its gel level according to ASTM D2765-01. More particularly, said crosslinked layer may advantageously have a gel level, according to ASTM D2765-01 (xylene extraction), of at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 80% by weight. %, and particularly preferably at least 90%.
- ASTM D2765-01 xylene extraction
- the outer layer is a crosslinked layer or not, based on an olefin polymer, and more particularly based on an ethylene polymer.
- the thickness of the outer layer can range from 0.05 to 2.00 mm.
- the thickness of the outer layer may be less than or equal to the thickness of the inner layer.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application in the field of energy or telecommunication cables intended to remain operational for a defined time when they are subjected to high heat and / or directly to flames.
- the term "cable” is understood to mean an electrical and / or optical cable, intended for the transmission of energy and / or the transmission of data.
- this type of cable comprises one or more elongated conductive element (s) of the electrical and / or optical type.
- the elongated conductive element When the elongated conductive element is of the electric type, it may be a single conductor such as for example a metal wire, or a multiconductor such as a plurality of metal wires, twisted or not.
- the elongated electrical conductor may be made from a metallic material chosen in particular from aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a copper alloy, and one of their combinations.
- the (transversal) section of the electrical conductor can range from 0.5 mm 2 to more than 240 mm 2 .
- the cable may comprise at least two elongate conductive elements, each elongated conductive element being surrounded by at least the insulating layer of the invention.
- the cable of the invention may further comprise a protective sheath surrounding one or more elongated conductive element (s) insulated (s).
- the protective sheath surrounds the single, elongated insulated conductive member.
- the protective sheath surrounds all of said insulated elongated conductive elements.
- the protective sheath of the invention may be a sheath of the tubular type or the stuffing type.
- tubular sheath means a tube-shaped sheath comprising a substantially identical thickness all along said tube.
- the tubular sheath may be more or less tight around all the insulated conductors so as to immobilize all of said insulated conductors inside said sheath.
- the tubular sheath is very simple and quick to perform since it requires a pressure at the exit of the extruder smaller than that required for the manufacture of a stuffing sheath.
- plying sheath means a sheath that fills the interstices between isolated electrical conductors whose volumes are accessible.
- the protective sheath may be conventionally based on one or more olefin polymers, optionally with at least one flame retardant filler such as aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), magnesium dihydroxide (MDH), the chalk.
- ATH aluminum trihydroxide
- MDH magnesium dihydroxide
- the protective sheath is a so-called "HFFR" sheath for the "Halogen-Free Flame Retardant” anglicism according to IEC 60754 Parts 1 and 2 (2011).
- the cable may further comprise a stuffing element positioned along the cable between the protective sheath and the at least one elongate conductive element (s), stuffing element which may further surround the at least one elongated conductive member (s).
- the stuffing element is well known to those skilled in the art and may for example be based on one or more olefin polymer (s), with optionally at least one flame retardant filler such as, for example, trihydroxide. aluminum (ATH), magnesium dihydroxide (MDH), chalk.
- the stuffing element is a so-called "HFFR" element for the Anglicism "Halogen-Free Flame Retardant” according to IEC 60754 Parts 1 and 2 (2011).
- the cable of the invention do not include / preferably comprise no halogenated compounds according to I EC 60754 Parts 1 and 2 (2011).
- halogenated compounds can be of any kind, such as, for example, fluorinated polymers or chlorinated polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), halogenated plasticizers, halogenated mineral fillers, etc.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric cable according to a first embodiment according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric cable according to a second embodiment in accordance with the invention.
- the electric cable shown in FIG. 1 comprises two electrical conductors 1, each electrical conductor being surrounded by a single insulating layer 2 according to the invention.
- a protective sheath 3 of tubular type surrounds all of the two insulated electrical conductors.
- a stuffing element 4 is positioned between the protective sheath 3 and the set of insulated electrical conductors.
- the stuffing element 4 further surrounds all the insulated electrical conductors.
- the electric cable shown in Figure 2 comprises three electrical conductors 1, a first insulating layer 2a (inner layer) around each electrical conductor 1, a second insulating layer 2b (outer layer) around each first insulating layer 2a.
- the inner layer is an insulating layer according to the invention, while the outer layer is a conventional crosslinked polyethylene layer.
- a protective sheath 3 of tubular type surrounds all three isolated electrical conductors.
- Blank spaces 5 are formed between the protective sheath 3 and all the insulated electrical conductors that surround it.
- the set of layers, packing elements and sheaths shown in Figures 1 and 2 are elements obtained by extrusion.
- the sheath of protection 3 is a conventional sheath made from a flame retardant composition based on polyolefin.
- the stuffing element 4 is a conventional stuffing element also made from a flame retardant composition based on polyolefin.
- Table 1 below gathers a polymer composition according to the invention with:
- polymeric material consisting of three different polymers, namely: Polymer 1, Polymer 2 and Polymer 3; and
- a cocktail of charges consisting of four different charges, namely: Silicate 1, Silicate 2, Silicate 3 and metal oxide.
- Polymer 1 is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), with a density of 0.950 g / cm 3 , sold by the company Exxon Mobil under the reference Elvax 2803;
- Polymer 2 is a low density polyethylene, with a density of 0.900 g / cm 3 , marketed by Polimeri Europa under the reference Clearflex FFDO;
- Polymer 3 is a maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene with a density of 0.912 g / cm 3 sold by the company MPB under the reference
- Silicate 1 is a silicate of the mica type, sold by the company Keyser and Mackay under the reference Mica SX300;
- Silicate 2 is a talc-type silicate, marketed by the company Univar under the reference Mistron HAR, with a specific surface area of
- Silicate 3 is a lamellar silicate of the montmorillonite type, sold by BYK under the reference Cloisite 20;
- Metal oxide is an oxide of a alkaline earth metal of the magnesium oxide type (MgO) of pharmaceutical grade, marketed by SCORA under the reference MgO PE light, with a purity (by calcination) of 99.0%, and a melting temperature of about 2800 ° C;
- MgO magnesium oxide type
- Plasticizer is a wax marketed by Clariant under the reference Wax PE 520;
- Antioxidant is an antioxidant marketed by society
- an insulating layer according to the invention has been implemented in different types of cables (see Tables 2 and 3 below) to be tested against standards NF C 32-070 CR1 (2001) and EN50200 (2006).
- Table 2 below groups together three cables of substantially identical structure, comprising an insulating layer obtained from the polymer composition of Table 1.
- the cables 1 to 3 of Table 2 include: two electrical conductors surrounded respectively by a bilayer insulation, said bilayer insulation comprising an inner insulating layer according to the invention obtained from the polymer composition of Table 1,
- Table 2 The origin of the elements collected in Table 2 is as follows:
- HFFR1 is a crosslinked extruded HFFR layer based on polyolefin, obtained from reference SX522 sold by the company AEI;
- - HFFR2 is an extruded filling element HFFR based polyolefin (s) loaded (s), obtained from FR4890 marketed by Borealis; and - HFFR3 is an extruded sheath HFFR based polyolefin (s) loaded (s), obtained from ECCOH reference 5860 sold by the company Polyone.
- Table 3 below groups together two cables of substantially identical structure, comprising an insulating layer obtained from the polymer composition of Table 1.
- cables 4 and 5 of Table 3 include:
- each electrical conductor being surrounded by a bilayer insulation, said two-layer insulation comprising an inner insulating layer according to the invention obtained from the polymer composition of Table 1,
- Table 3 The origin of the elements collected in Table 3 is as follows:
- - HFFR4 is a crosslinked extruded layer HFFR based polyolefin (s) loaded (s), obtained from the reference Casico FR 4802 sold by Borealis; and
- - HFFR5 is an extruded sheath HFFR based on polyolefin (s), obtained from Megolon S-540 marketed by the company Alphagary.
- the polymer composition of Table 1 is extruded, using a conventional single screw extruder, around each electrical conductor, thereby forming the inner layer of the bilayer insulation.
- the temperature profile ranges from 90 to 200 ° C, and the extruder has eight heating zones.
- the outer layer of the bilayer insulation of each electrical conductor is conventionally extruded around the inner layer.
- the bilayer insulation can be extruded in two successive stages (so-called "tandem" extrusion), but it can also be extruded by coextrusion (one and the same extrusion head).
- the cables 1 to 3 are subjected to the test according to standard NF C 32-070 CR1 (2001), the results being collated in table 2.
- the standard NF C 32-070 CR1 (2001) indicates in particular a threshold of fire resistance. 65 minutes (min) to validate the performance.
- Cables 4 and 5 are tested according to EN50200 (2006), the results are shown in Table 3.
- EN50200 (2006) indicates in particular a fire resistance threshold of 120 minutes (min) to validate the performance.
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1563436A FR3046288B1 (fr) | 2015-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | Couche isolante resistante au feu pour cable |
PCT/FR2016/053679 WO2017115052A1 (fr) | 2015-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Couche isolante résistante au feu pour câble |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3398194A1 true EP3398194A1 (fr) | 2018-11-07 |
EP3398194B1 EP3398194B1 (fr) | 2021-06-16 |
Family
ID=55752464
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16829295.1A Active EP3398194B1 (fr) | 2015-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Câble ayant une couche isolante résistante au feu |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3398194B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2881290T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3046288B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017115052A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3098636B1 (fr) * | 2019-07-12 | 2023-10-13 | Nexans | Câble comprenant une couche résistante au feu |
FR3118725B1 (fr) * | 2021-01-14 | 2023-04-14 | Nexans | Câble armé résistant au feu avec une limitation de la projection de matières incandescentes |
FR3119484A1 (fr) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-08-05 | Nexans | Câble électrique présentant une conductivité thermique améliorée |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI322176B (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2010-03-21 | Polymers Australia Pty Ltd | Fire resistant compositions |
FR2946789B1 (fr) * | 2009-06-11 | 2017-01-13 | Nexans | Cable electrique apte a assurer la continuite de distribution electrique en cas d'incendie. |
CN105408406B (zh) * | 2013-06-27 | 2017-09-26 | 蓝星有机硅法国两合公司 | 尤其可用于生产电线或电缆的可热硫化聚有机硅氧烷组合物 |
-
2015
- 2015-12-29 FR FR1563436A patent/FR3046288B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-12-29 ES ES16829295T patent/ES2881290T3/es active Active
- 2016-12-29 EP EP16829295.1A patent/EP3398194B1/fr active Active
- 2016-12-29 WO PCT/FR2016/053679 patent/WO2017115052A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3046288A1 (fr) | 2017-06-30 |
WO2017115052A1 (fr) | 2017-07-06 |
EP3398194B1 (fr) | 2021-06-16 |
FR3046288B1 (fr) | 2018-04-27 |
ES2881290T3 (es) | 2021-11-29 |
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