EP3393694B1 - Method for the forming manufacturing of a gear toothing and tool device for the calibration of the gear cutting inlet and/or gear cutting outlet - Google Patents

Method for the forming manufacturing of a gear toothing and tool device for the calibration of the gear cutting inlet and/or gear cutting outlet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3393694B1
EP3393694B1 EP16801204.5A EP16801204A EP3393694B1 EP 3393694 B1 EP3393694 B1 EP 3393694B1 EP 16801204 A EP16801204 A EP 16801204A EP 3393694 B1 EP3393694 B1 EP 3393694B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
toothing
workpiece
run
die
gear
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EP16801204.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3393694A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Hoehne
Joerg Brockstieger
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication of EP3393694A1 publication Critical patent/EP3393694A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
    • B21D53/28—Making other particular articles wheels or the like gear wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
    • B21K1/066—Making machine elements axles or shafts splined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
    • B21K1/305—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth helical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool device for the reshaping calibration of the tooth inlet and / or the tooth outlet of a tooth system on a metallic workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. WO-A-2013/149271 , Figures 19-22).
  • the invention also relates to a method for the deformable production of a toothing on a metallic workpiece using such a tool device.
  • Toothings can be produced on metal workpieces by cutting (e.g. by gear milling) or by forming (e.g. by axial forming or gear rolling).
  • the reshaping generation of a tooth system often has the disadvantage that undefined deformation occurs at the tooth inlet, but especially at the tooth outlet, with so-called tooth protrusions forming at the tooth outlet in particular, which then have to be removed, for example, by means of complex machining.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a tool device of the type mentioned at the beginning which does not have at least one disadvantage associated with the prior art, or at least only to a reduced extent.
  • the method according to the invention for producing a toothing on a metallic workpiece provides that the toothing is first produced in a deforming manner and that the toothing generated by forming is then at its toothing run-in and / or gear run-out through an upsetting process in which (at the gear run-in or gear run-out) both the gear shape and the gear length are set, is calibrated.
  • the toothing is produced, for example, by axial forming, with the workpiece and a shaping die or the like being moved relative to one another in the axial direction.
  • undefined deformations can occur at the tooth inlet (first point of contact between workpiece and die, which forms the beginning of the tooth) and / or at the tooth outlet (tooth end opposite the tooth inlet), which is unfavorable in several ways.
  • the toothing is (only) calibrated at the toothing inlet and / or the toothing outlet, with both the toothing shape (tooth and space shape) and the tooth length being set in the relevant area. Any gear protrusions are compressed to a defined amount, with the material flowing not only in the axial direction, but also in the radial direction. This also has the advantage that the load-bearing section or the load-bearing length of the toothing is also increased, so that the structural toothing length can be reduced if necessary.
  • the toothing is ready for use, i. H. further processing steps are not provided (i.e. no further processing costs).
  • the toothing can be a running toothing, in particular it is a plug-in toothing.
  • the compression is not free, but guided.
  • the toothing is supported during upsetting by a die, which is designed with a corresponding toothing contour, the die at the same time also specifying the tooth shape to be set at the gear inlet and / or at the gear outlet, i.e. the material flowing in the radial direction during upsetting is brought into the desired shape within the die.
  • the die has a corresponding internal or external contour.
  • the workpiece can consist of a solid material, for example a steel material, and can be processed by massive forming.
  • the workpiece preferably consists of a sheet metal material, for example a steel sheet, and is processed by sheet metal forming.
  • the die and the upsetting ring are attached together to an axially movable punch and are used for execution a calibration process moved or driven together. This enables a simple and robust tool structure.
  • the die has a conical toothing contour.
  • the conical design simplifies the engagement with the toothing to be calibrated on the workpiece (workpiece toothing) at the inlet and / or outlet. Furthermore, a defined deformation at the gear inlet and / or gear outlet can already take place when the gear is brought into engagement.
  • the die has a degree of freedom of rotation so that it can align itself automatically when it is brought into engagement with the workpiece toothing.
  • a workpiece or a component, for example a gearwheel or the like, that has a toothing produced with the method according to the invention and / or with the aid of the tool device according to the invention, is characterized in that this toothing produced by forming has a shape and length-calibrated tooth inlet and / or Having gear run-out.
  • the toothing preferably has a straight, i.e. H. non-sharpened tooth inlet and / or outlet.
  • the in Fig. 1 The section shown of a tool device 100 according to the invention has a holder 110 and a punch 120 guided therein in a longitudinally movable manner.
  • a mandrel-like die 130 and an upsetting ring 140 are attached to the punch 120.
  • the punch 120 can be moved together with the die 130 and the upsetting ring 140 in the axial direction L, as illustrated by the double arrow D.
  • With 125 a punch guide and anti-rotation lock is referred to.
  • the tool 100 is installed in a forming machine (for example an axial forming machine), by means of which the punch movement D is also brought about.
  • Fig. 1 further shows a sheet metal workpiece 200 with a collar-like passage 210, on the inner circumferential surface of which a toothing (internal plug-in toothing) 220 that has previously been generated by forming is formed.
  • the workpiece toothing 220 was produced from the bottom up and has a lower toothing inlet 221, an upper toothing outlet 222 (see FIG Fig. 2 ) and a load-bearing section in between. Due to the deforming production, an undefined deformation has occurred at the gear runout 222, which is now calibrated with the aid of the die 130 and the upsetting ring 140.
  • the workpiece 200 is fixed in a workpiece holder 150 belonging to the tool device 100 and not shown below. The calibration process is described below using the Fig. 2 explained in more detail.
  • the punch 120 After the workpiece 200 has been inserted and fixed in the workpiece holder 150, the punch 120, together with the die 130 and the upsetting ring 140, is moved downward in the axial direction L, the die 130 initially in the Passage 210 reached.
  • the die 130 is conical and has on its conical outer circumferential surface a toothing contour 135 corresponding to the workpiece toothing 220, which gradually comes into engagement with the workpiece toothing 220 when the punch 120 is moved forward with increasing cross-sections.
  • the axis of movement L of the punch 120 or the die 130 attached to it corresponds to the central axis of the workpiece toothing 220.
  • the die 130 In order to prevent tilting, the die 130 has a slight rotational play (degree of freedom of rotation) within the tool device 100.
  • the toothing outlet 222 is deformed in the radial transverse direction R due to its conical or widening design.
  • the upsetting ring 140 presses in the axial direction L against the toothing end at the upper toothing outlet 222 of the workpiece toothing 220, which results in an upsetting deformation in which the workpiece material flows in both the axial direction L and in the radial direction R and any tooth protrusions be reshaped.
  • the individual tooth ends of the toothing 220 are leveled and are then located in one plane. During this calibrating upsetting process, both the tooth shape and the tooth length are set to a defined dimension (at least in the tenth range) at the tooth outlet 222.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each show the end of the axial feed movement D of the punch 120.
  • the workpiece toothing 220 should not be calibrated as a whole, but only in certain areas, ie at the toothing run-out 222 (as explained above) and / or at the gear run-in 221.
  • the toothing 220 can be supported in the sections not to be calibrated in order to prevent undesired deformation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Werkzeugvorrichtung zur umformenden Kalibrierung des Verzahnungseinlaufs und/oder des Verzahnungsauslaufs einer Verzahnung an einem metallischen Werkstück gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (siehe z.B. WO-A-2013/149271 , Figuren 19-22). Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur umformenden Herstellung einer Verzahnung an einem metallischen Werkstück unter Verwendung einer solchen Werkzeugvorrichtung.The invention relates to a tool device for the reshaping calibration of the tooth inlet and / or the tooth outlet of a tooth system on a metallic workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. WO-A-2013/149271 , Figures 19-22). The invention also relates to a method for the deformable production of a toothing on a metallic workpiece using such a tool device.

An metallischen Werkstücken können Verzahnungen spanend (bspw. durch Verzahnungsfräsen) oder umformend (bspw. durch Axialumformen oder Verzahnungswalzen) erzeugt werden. Die umformende Erzeugung einer Verzahnung hat häufig den Nachteil, dass es am Verzahnungseinlauf, insbesondere aber am Verzahnungsauslauf zu einer undefinierten Verformung kommt, wobei sich insbesondere am Verzahnungsauslauf sogenannte Verzahnungsüberstände ausbilden, die dann bspw. durch eine aufwändige spanende Nachbearbeitung entfernt werden müssen.Toothings can be produced on metal workpieces by cutting (e.g. by gear milling) or by forming (e.g. by axial forming or gear rolling). The reshaping generation of a tooth system often has the disadvantage that undefined deformation occurs at the tooth inlet, but especially at the tooth outlet, with so-called tooth protrusions forming at the tooth outlet in particular, which then have to be removed, for example, by means of complex machining.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Werkzeugvorrichtung eingangs genannter Art anzugeben, die wenigstens einen mit dem Stand der Technik einhergehenden Nachteil nicht oder zumindest nur in einem verminderten Umfang aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a tool device of the type mentioned at the beginning which does not have at least one disadvantage associated with the prior art, or at least only to a reduced extent.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine erfindungsgemäße Werkzeugvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1. Mit dem nebengeordneten Patentanspruch erstreckt sich die Lösung der Aufgabe auch auf ein Verfahren unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugvorrichtung.This object is achieved by a tool device according to the invention having the features of claim 1. With the independent claim, the solution to the object also extends to a method using the tool device according to the invention.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich analog für beide Erfindungsgegenstände aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Figuren.Preferred further developments and refinements of the invention result analogously for both subjects of the invention from the dependent patent claims, the following description and the figures.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verzahnung an einem metallischen Werkstück sieht vor, dass die Verzahnung zunächst umformend erzeugt wird und dass dann die umformend erzeugte Verzahnung an ihrem Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder Verzahnungsauslauf durch einen Stauchvorgang, bei dem (am Verzahnungseinlauf bzw. -auslauf) sowohl die Verzahnungsform als auch die Verzahnungslänge eingestellt werden, kalibriert wird.The method according to the invention for producing a toothing on a metallic workpiece provides that the toothing is first produced in a deforming manner and that the toothing generated by forming is then at its toothing run-in and / or gear run-out through an upsetting process in which (at the gear run-in or gear run-out) both the gear shape and the gear length are set, is calibrated.

Die Verzahnung wird bspw. durch Axialumformen erzeugt, wobei das Werkstück und eine formgebende Matrize oder dergleichen in axialer Richtung relativ zueinander bewegt werden. Wie eingangs beschrieben kann es hierbei am Verzahnungseinlauf (erste Berührungsstelle zwischen Werkstück und Matrize, die den Verzahnungsanfang bildet) und/oder am Verzahnungsauslauf (dem Verzahnungseinlauf gegenüberliegendes Verzahnungsende) zu undefinierten Umformungen kommen, was in mehrerlei Hinsicht ungünstig ist.The toothing is produced, for example, by axial forming, with the workpiece and a shaping die or the like being moved relative to one another in the axial direction. As described at the beginning, undefined deformations can occur at the tooth inlet (first point of contact between workpiece and die, which forms the beginning of the tooth) and / or at the tooth outlet (tooth end opposite the tooth inlet), which is unfavorable in several ways.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Stauchvorgang (Umformung durch axial wirkende Druckkräfte) wird die Verzahnung (nur) am Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder am Verzahnungsauslauf kalibriert, wobei im betreffenden Bereich sowohl die Verzahnungsform (Zahn- und Zwischenraumform) als auch die Zahnlänge eingestellt werden. Etwaige Verzahnungsüberstände werden auf ein definiertes Maß gestaucht, wobei der Werkstoff nicht nur in axialer Richtung, sondern auch in radialer Richtung fließt. Dies hat ferner den Vorteil, dass auch der tragende Abschnitt bzw. die Traglänge der Verzahnung vergrößert wird, so dass gegebenenfalls die konstruktive Verzahnungslänge verringert werden kann. Nach dem Stauchvorgang ist die Verzahnung gebrauchsfertig, d. h. weitere Bearbeitungsschritte sind nicht vorgesehen (d. h. keine weiteren Bearbeitungskosten). Bei der Verzahnung kann es sich um eine Laufverzahnung handeln, insbesondere handelt es sich um eine Steckverzahnung.In the upsetting process provided according to the invention (reshaping by axially acting compressive forces), the toothing is (only) calibrated at the toothing inlet and / or the toothing outlet, with both the toothing shape (tooth and space shape) and the tooth length being set in the relevant area. Any gear protrusions are compressed to a defined amount, with the material flowing not only in the axial direction, but also in the radial direction. This also has the advantage that the load-bearing section or the load-bearing length of the toothing is also increased, so that the structural toothing length can be reduced if necessary. After the upsetting process, the toothing is ready for use, i. H. further processing steps are not provided (i.e. no further processing costs). The toothing can be a running toothing, in particular it is a plug-in toothing.

Die Stauchung erfolgt nicht frei, sondern geführt. Hierzu ist vorgesehen, dass die Verzahnung beim Stauchen durch eine Matrize, die mit einer korrespondierenden Verzahnungskontur ausgebildet ist, abgestützt wird, wobei die Matrize zugleich auch die am Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder am Verzahnungsauslauf einzustellende Verzahnungsform vorgibt, d. h. der beim Stauchen in radialer Richtung fließende Werkstoff wird innerhalb der Matrize in die gewünschte Form gebracht. Abhängig davon, ob es sich bei der anfangs- und/oder endseitig zu kalibrierenden Verzahnung um eine Außenverzahnung oder Innenverzahnung handelt weist die Matrize eine korrespondierende Innenkontur oder Außenkontur auf.The compression is not free, but guided. For this purpose, it is provided that the toothing is supported during upsetting by a die, which is designed with a corresponding toothing contour, the die at the same time also specifying the tooth shape to be set at the gear inlet and / or at the gear outlet, i.e. the material flowing in the radial direction during upsetting is brought into the desired shape within the die. Depending on whether the toothing to be calibrated at the beginning and / or at the end is If external or internal teeth are involved, the die has a corresponding internal or external contour.

Die Kalibrierung des Verzahnungseinlaufs und/oder Verzahnungsauslaufs wird nach der umformenden Erzeugung der Verzahnung in einer separaten Werkzeugvorrichtung durchgeführt. Dabei handelt es sich um eine erfindungsgemäße Werkzeugvorrichtung, wie nachfolgend noch näher erläutert, in die das zu bearbeitende bzw. zu kalibrierende Werkstück eingelegt wird.The calibration of the gear run-in and / or gear run-out is carried out in a separate tool device after the shaping generation of the gear. This is a tool device according to the invention, as will be explained in more detail below, into which the workpiece to be machined or calibrated is inserted.

Das Werkstück kann aus einem massiven Werkstoff, bspw. einem Stahlmaterial, bestehen und durch Massivumformung bearbeitet werden. Bevorzugt besteht das Werkstück aus einem Blechmaterial, bspw. einem Stahlblech, und wird durch Blechumformung bearbeitet.The workpiece can consist of a solid material, for example a steel material, and can be processed by massive forming. The workpiece preferably consists of a sheet metal material, for example a steel sheet, and is processed by sheet metal forming.

Die erfindungsgemäße Werkzeugvorrichtung zur umformenden Kalibrierung des Verzahnungseinlaufs und/oder Verzahnungsauslaufs einer Verzahnung an einem metallischen Werkstück umfasst:

  • eine Werkstückaufnahme, zur Aufnahme des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks;
  • eine axialbewegliche Matrize, die mit der Verzahnung am zu bearbeitenden Werkstück in Eingriff gebracht werden kann und die dann einerseits die Verzahnung am Werkstück abstützt und andererseits die am Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder am Verzahnungsauslauf beim Kalibrieren einzustellende Verzahnungsform vorgibt; und
  • wenigstens einen axialbeweglichen Stauchring, mit dem der Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder Verzahnungsauslauf am zu bearbeitenden Werkstück durch einen Stauchvorgang (bei dem sowohl die Verzahnungsform als auch die Verzahnungslänge eingestellt werden) kalibriert werden kann bzw. kalibriert wird.
The tool device according to the invention for the reshaping calibration of the gear run-in and / or gear run-out of a gear on a metallic workpiece comprises:
  • a workpiece holder for receiving the workpiece to be machined;
  • an axially movable die which can be brought into engagement with the teeth on the workpiece to be machined and which then on the one hand supports the teeth on the workpiece and on the other hand specifies the tooth shape to be set at the tooth inlet and / or the tooth outlet during calibration; and
  • at least one axially movable upsetting ring, with which the gear run-in and / or gear run-out on the workpiece to be machined can be calibrated or calibrated by an upsetting process (in which both the gear shape and the gear length are set).

Die Matrize und der Stauchring sind gemeinsam an einem axialbeweglichen Stempel befestigt und werden zur Ausführung eines Kalibriervorgangs gemeinsam bewegt bzw. angetrieben. Dies ermöglicht einen einfachen und robusten Werkzeugaufbau.The die and the upsetting ring are attached together to an axially movable punch and are used for execution a calibration process moved or driven together. This enables a simple and robust tool structure.

Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Matrize eine konisch ausgebildete Verzahnungskontur aufweist. Durch die konische Ausbildung wird das In-Eingriff-Bringen mit der am Einlauf und/oder Auslauf der zu kalibrierenden Verzahnung am Werkstück (Werkstückverzahnung) vereinfacht. Ferner kann bereits beim In-Eingriff-Bringen eine definierte Umformung am Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder Verzahnungsauslauf erfolgen.It is preferably provided that the die has a conical toothing contour. The conical design simplifies the engagement with the toothing to be calibrated on the workpiece (workpiece toothing) at the inlet and / or outlet. Furthermore, a defined deformation at the gear inlet and / or gear outlet can already take place when the gear is brought into engagement.

Ferner ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die Matrize einen Drehfreiheitsgrad hat, so dass sich diese beim In-Eingriff-Bringen mit der Werkstückverzahnung von selbst ausrichten kann.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the die has a degree of freedom of rotation so that it can align itself automatically when it is brought into engagement with the workpiece toothing.

Ein Werkstück bzw. ein Bauteil, bspw. ein Zahnrad oder dergleichen, dass eine mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und/oder mithilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugvorrichtung hergestellte Verzahnung aufweist, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass diese umformend hergestellte Verzahnung einen form- und längenkalibrierten Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder Verzahnungsauslauf aufweist. Bevorzugt hat die Verzahnung einen geraden, d. h. nicht-angespitzten Verzahnungseinlauf und/oder -auslauf.A workpiece or a component, for example a gearwheel or the like, that has a toothing produced with the method according to the invention and / or with the aid of the tool device according to the invention, is characterized in that this toothing produced by forming has a shape and length-calibrated tooth inlet and / or Having gear run-out. The toothing preferably has a straight, i.e. H. non-sharpened tooth inlet and / or outlet.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in nicht einschränkender Weise anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezug auf die Figuren näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt in einer Schnittdarstellung ausschnittsweise eine erfindungsgemäße Werkzeugvorrichtung zur Kalibrierung eines Verzahnungsauslaufs.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt in einer Schnittdarstellung ein Detail aus der Fig. 1, entsprechend dem markierten Bereich A.
The invention is explained in more detail below in a non-limiting manner using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the figures.
  • Fig. 1 shows, in a sectional view, a detail of a tool device according to the invention for calibrating a gear run-out.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a detail from FIG Fig. 1 , corresponding to the marked area A.

Die nachfolgend verwendeten Richtungs- und Ortsangaben beziehen sich in nicht einschränkender Weise auf die in den Figuren gezeigten Darstellungen.The direction and location information used below relate in a non-limiting manner to the representations shown in the figures.

Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugvorrichtung 100 weist einen Halter 110 und einen darin längsbeweglich geführten Stempel 120 auf. Am Stempel 120 sind eine dornartige Matrize 130 und ein Stauchring 140 befestigt. Der Stempel 120 kann zusammen mit der Matrize 130 und dem Stauchring 140 in axialer Richtung L bewegt werden, wie mit dem Doppelpfeil D veranschaulicht. Mit 125 ist eine Stempelführung und -verdrehsicherung bezeichnet. Das Werkzeug 100 ist in einer Umformmaschine (bspw. eine Axialumformmaschine) eingebaut, durch die auch die Stempelbewegung D bewerkstelligt wird.The in Fig. 1 The section shown of a tool device 100 according to the invention has a holder 110 and a punch 120 guided therein in a longitudinally movable manner. A mandrel-like die 130 and an upsetting ring 140 are attached to the punch 120. The punch 120 can be moved together with the die 130 and the upsetting ring 140 in the axial direction L, as illustrated by the double arrow D. With 125 a punch guide and anti-rotation lock is referred to. The tool 100 is installed in a forming machine (for example an axial forming machine), by means of which the punch movement D is also brought about.

Fig. 1 zeigt ferner ein Blechwerkstück 200 mit einem kragenartigen Durchzug 210, an dessen Innenumfangsfläche eine zuvor umformend erzeugte Verzahnung (Innensteckverzahnung) 220 ausgebildet ist. Die Werkstückverzahnung 220 wurde von unten nach oben erzeugt und weist einen unteren Verzahnungseinlauf 221, einen oberen Verzahnungsauslauf 222 (siehe Fig. 2) und einen dazwischen liegenden tragenden Abschnitt auf. Aufgrund der umformenden Herstellung ist es am Verzahnungsauslauf 222 zu einer undefinierten Verformung gekommen, die nun mithilfe der Matrize 130 und des Stauchrings 140 kalibriert wird. Das Werkstück 200 ist hierzu in einer zur Werkzeugvorrichtung 100 gehörenden und im Weiteren nicht dargestellten Werkstückaufnahme 150 fixiert. Der Kalibriervorgang wird nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 2 näher erläutert. Fig. 1 further shows a sheet metal workpiece 200 with a collar-like passage 210, on the inner circumferential surface of which a toothing (internal plug-in toothing) 220 that has previously been generated by forming is formed. The workpiece toothing 220 was produced from the bottom up and has a lower toothing inlet 221, an upper toothing outlet 222 (see FIG Fig. 2 ) and a load-bearing section in between. Due to the deforming production, an undefined deformation has occurred at the gear runout 222, which is now calibrated with the aid of the die 130 and the upsetting ring 140. For this purpose, the workpiece 200 is fixed in a workpiece holder 150 belonging to the tool device 100 and not shown below. The calibration process is described below using the Fig. 2 explained in more detail.

Nachdem das Werkstück 200 in die Werkstückaufnahme 150 eingelegt und fixiert wurde, wird der Stempel 120 zusammen mit der Matrize 130 und dem Stauchring 140 in axialer Richtung L nach unten bewegt, wobei zunächst die Matrize 130 in den Durchzug 210 gelangt. Die Matrize 130 ist konisch ausgebildet und weist an ihrer konischen Außenumfangsfläche eine zur Werkstückverzahnung 220 korrespondierende Verzahnungskontur 135 auf, die beim Vorwärtsbewegen des Stempels 120 mit größer werdenden Querschnitten sukzessive mit der Werkstückverzahnung 220 in Eingriff gelangt. Die Bewegungsachse L des Stempels 120 bzw. der daran befestigten Matrize 130 entspricht der Mittelachse der Werkstückverzahnung 220. Um ein Verkanten zu verhindern, verfügt die Matrize 130 innerhalb der Werkzeugvorrichtung 100 über ein geringes Drehspiel (Drehfreiheitsgrad).After the workpiece 200 has been inserted and fixed in the workpiece holder 150, the punch 120, together with the die 130 and the upsetting ring 140, is moved downward in the axial direction L, the die 130 initially in the Passage 210 reached. The die 130 is conical and has on its conical outer circumferential surface a toothing contour 135 corresponding to the workpiece toothing 220, which gradually comes into engagement with the workpiece toothing 220 when the punch 120 is moved forward with increasing cross-sections. The axis of movement L of the punch 120 or the die 130 attached to it corresponds to the central axis of the workpiece toothing 220. In order to prevent tilting, the die 130 has a slight rotational play (degree of freedom of rotation) within the tool device 100.

Bereits während des Eindringens der Matrize 130 in die Werkstückverzahnung 220 wird der Verzahnungsauslauf 222 aufgrund deren konischen bzw. aufweitenden Ausbildung in radialer Querrichtung R umgeformt. Zum Ende der axialen Vorschubbewegung drückt der Stauchring 140 in axialer Richtung L gegen das Verzahnungsende am oberen Verzahnungsauslauf 222 der Werkstückverzahnung 220, wobei es zu einer Stauchumformung kommt, bei der der Werkstückwerkstoff sowohl in axialer Richtung L als auch in radialer Richtung R fließt und etwaige Verzahnungsüberstände zurückgeformt werden. Ferner werden die einzelnen Zahnenden der Verzahnung 220 nivelliert und befinden sich sodann in einer Ebene. Bei diesem kalibrierenden Stauchvorgang werden am Verzahnungsauslauf 222 sowohl die Verzahnungsform als auch die Verzahnungslänge auf definiertes Maß (wenigstens im Zehntel-Bereich) eingestellt.Already during the penetration of the die 130 into the workpiece toothing 220, the toothing outlet 222 is deformed in the radial transverse direction R due to its conical or widening design. At the end of the axial feed movement, the upsetting ring 140 presses in the axial direction L against the toothing end at the upper toothing outlet 222 of the workpiece toothing 220, which results in an upsetting deformation in which the workpiece material flows in both the axial direction L and in the radial direction R and any tooth protrusions be reshaped. Furthermore, the individual tooth ends of the toothing 220 are leveled and are then located in one plane. During this calibrating upsetting process, both the tooth shape and the tooth length are set to a defined dimension (at least in the tenth range) at the tooth outlet 222.

Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 zeigen jeweils das Ende der axialen Vorschubbewegung D des Stempels 120. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each show the end of the axial feed movement D of the punch 120.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise soll die Werkstückverzahnung 220 nicht im Gesamten, sondern nur bereichsweise, d. h. am Verzahnungsauslauf 222 (wie vorausgehend erläutert) und/oder am Verzahnungseinlauf 221, kalibriert werden. Beim Kalibrieren kann die Verzahnung 220 in den nicht zu kalibrierenden Abschnitten abgestützt werden, um eine ungewollte Verformung zu verhindern.In the procedure according to the invention, the workpiece toothing 220 should not be calibrated as a whole, but only in certain areas, ie at the toothing run-out 222 (as explained above) and / or at the gear run-in 221. During calibration, the toothing 220 can be supported in the sections not to be calibrated in order to prevent undesired deformation.

Ausgehend von der in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsmöglichkeit für die Kalibrierung eines Verzahnungsauslaufs liegt die werkzeugbauliche und prozessuale Umsetzung für das Kalibrieren eines Verzahnungseinlaufs oder für eine im Wesentlichen gleichzeitige Kalibrierung des Verzahnungsein- und -auslaufs im Bereich fachmännischen Könnens.Based on the in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 The implementation option shown for the calibration of a gear run-out, the tool-related and procedural implementation for the calibration of a gear run-in or for an essentially simultaneous calibration of the gear run-out and run-out is within the range of expert knowledge.

BezugszeichenReference number

100100
WerkzeugvorrichtungTooling device
110110
Halterholder
120120
Stempelrubber stamp
125125
StempelführungPunch guide
130130
Matrizedie
135135
VerzahnungskonturTooth contour
140140
StauchringCompression ring
150150
WerkstückaufnahmeWorkpiece holder
200200
Werkstückworkpiece
210210
DurchzugDraft
220220
VerzahnungGearing
221221
VerzahnungseinlaufGear run-in
222222
VerzahnungsauslaufGear run-out
AA.
Detaildetail
DD.
StempelbewegungStamp movement
LL.
Bewegungsachse (axiale Richtung)Axis of motion (axial direction)
RR.
radiale Richtungradial direction

Claims (6)

  1. Tool device (100) for calibrating the toothing run-in (221) and/or toothing run-out (222) of a toothing (220) on a metallic workpiece (200) by forming, comprising:
    - a workpiece receptacle (150), for receiving the workpiece (200);
    - an axially movable die (130), which can be brought into engagement with the toothing (220) on the workpiece (200) and which on the one hand supports the toothing (220) on the workpiece (200) and on the other hand predefines the shape of the toothing to be set at the toothing run-in (221) and/or toothing run-out (222) during the calibrating operation;
    characterized
    - in that the tool device has at least one axially movable upsetting ring (140), by means of which the toothing run-in (221) and/or toothing run-out (222) on the workpiece (200) can be calibrated by an upsetting operation, and in that the die (130) and the upsetting ring (140) are jointly fastened to an axially movable punch (120) and are jointly moved in order to carry out a calibrating operation.
  2. Tool device (100) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the die (130) has a conical toothing contour (135) .
  3. Tool device (100) according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the die (130) has a degree of rotational freedom.
  4. Method for producing a toothing (220) on a metallic workpiece (200), wherein the toothing (220) is created by forming, wherein the toothing (220) created by forming is calibrated at its toothing run-in (221) and/or toothing run-out (222) by an upsetting operation, in which both the shape of the toothing and the length of the toothing are set, characterized in that the calibration of the toothing run-in (221) and/or toothing run-out (222) is carried out in a separate tool device (100) according to one of the preceding claims.
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the toothing (220) is supported by the die (130) during the upsetting operation, wherein the die (130) also predefines the shape of the toothing to be set at the toothing run-in (221) and/or toothing run-out (222) at the same time.
  6. Method according to either of the preceding Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the workpiece (200) consists of a sheet-metal material.
EP16801204.5A 2015-12-21 2016-11-24 Method for the forming manufacturing of a gear toothing and tool device for the calibration of the gear cutting inlet and/or gear cutting outlet Active EP3393694B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015226364.9A DE102015226364A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Method for the reshaping production of a gearing and tool device for calibrating the gearing inlet and / or gearing outlet
PCT/EP2016/078641 WO2017108319A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2016-11-24 Method for the forming manufacturing of a gear toothing and tool device for the calibration of the gear cutting inlet and/or gear cutting outlet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3393694A1 EP3393694A1 (en) 2018-10-31
EP3393694B1 true EP3393694B1 (en) 2022-01-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16801204.5A Active EP3393694B1 (en) 2015-12-21 2016-11-24 Method for the forming manufacturing of a gear toothing and tool device for the calibration of the gear cutting inlet and/or gear cutting outlet

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11426785B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3393694B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6797917B2 (en)
CN (1) CN108367335B (en)
DE (1) DE102015226364A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017108319A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3796106A (en) * 1971-06-29 1974-03-12 Borg Warner Method and apparatus for making sprockets and/or gears
JPH0749132B2 (en) * 1985-09-04 1995-05-31 アイシン精機株式会社 Gear rolling device
US6007762A (en) * 1995-09-18 1999-12-28 The Penn State Research Foundation Apparatus and method for precision gear finishing by controlled deformation
US5551270A (en) * 1994-07-18 1996-09-03 Ford Motor Company Extrusion forming of internal helical splines
US5732586A (en) * 1996-09-19 1998-03-31 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Cold extrusion for helical gear teeth
CN101428326B (en) * 2008-12-08 2010-11-24 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 Automotive reverse gear intermediate gear tooth form final finishing and back taper forming mould
DE102009019249B4 (en) * 2009-04-30 2011-03-31 Felss Gmbh Method for producing a profile in a wall of a workpiece
DE102010017592B8 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-04-11 Heinrich Müller Maschinenfabrik GmbH Method and apparatus for cutting axially forming a toothing with molded tips on a workpiece
DE102010053547A1 (en) * 2010-12-04 2012-06-06 Form Technology Gmbh Method and device for producing an internally and externally toothed cup-shaped sheet metal part
DE102011111216A1 (en) 2011-08-20 2013-02-21 Sona Blw Präzisionsschmiede Gmbh SYNCHRONIZER RING
ES2652610T3 (en) 2012-04-03 2018-02-05 Thyssenkrupp Presta Aktiengesellschaft Procedure for machining a functional part
CN103111483A (en) * 2013-02-01 2013-05-22 太仓久信精密模具有限公司 High-modulus straight-tooth cylindrical gear cold extrusion technology and special die thereof
CN203253780U (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-10-30 宁波市镇海金雳机械制造有限公司 Shaping tool for internal tooth gear ring
CN204449012U (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-07-08 重庆海通机械制造有限公司 Gear ring integral type sizing die

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017108319A1 (en) 2017-06-29
EP3393694A1 (en) 2018-10-31
JP2019502557A (en) 2019-01-31
US11426785B2 (en) 2022-08-30
DE102015226364A1 (en) 2017-06-22
CN108367335A (en) 2018-08-03
CN108367335B (en) 2020-03-10
JP6797917B2 (en) 2020-12-09
US20200261961A1 (en) 2020-08-20

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