EP3392441A1 - Assembly of a window and a wall, method for installing a window in a wall - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly of a window (2) and a wall (1) having an opening in which the window (2) is mounted, the wall (1) having a wall frame (11) mounted at the periphery of the opening, the window (2) having a glazing portion (20) and a window frame (21) circumferentially surrounding the glazing portion (20), the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21) are secured together, the assembly comprising a sealing strip (5) extending peripherally to the interface between the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21) so as to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the wall (1) and the window (2).

Description

GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD AND PRIOR ART

The present invention relates to the field of mounting and maintenance of a window, in particular a window of a railway vehicle.

In known manner, a railway vehicle comprises a structural wall generally formed of steel or aluminum, called cauldron, in which is formed at least one opening adapted to receive a window. In order to allow the mounting of the window, the structural wall comprises a wall frame which extends at the periphery of the opening.

The window has a glazing portion and a window frame extending at the periphery of the glazing portion. The window frame has a shape complementary to the wall frame so as to be secured together during assembly. The shape of the wall frame and the shape of the window frame are different if the window is mounted from inside the vehicle or from outside the vehicle.

With reference to the figure 1 a window 2, having a glazing portion 20 and a window frame 21 circumferentially surrounding the glazing portion 20, is mounted in an opening formed in a wall 1. The wall 1 has a wall frame 11 mounted to the periphery of the opening. During assembly, the wall frame 11 and the window frame 21 are joined together. Following assembly, there is a discontinuity at the interface between the window frame and the wall frame. This discontinuity is likely to cause aerodynamic and acoustic disturbances during the movement of the railway vehicle during its use. In addition, such a discontinuity is likely to affect the life of the assembly (corrosion, infiltration, etc.). Also, with reference to the figure 1 , it is necessary to apply a seal 9, especially mastic, to the interface to ensure the continuity of the surfaces. In practice, the seal 9 is applied manually by an operator, which requires great precision on his part as well as a significant time to obtain a suitable aesthetic rendering. In addition, after application, the seal 9 must dry for several hours, which increases the duration of installation of the window in the wall and, consequently, immobilizes the railway vehicle. In addition, the seal 9 is unsightly because the mastic colors are limited, which affects the aesthetic rendering of a screen printing extending on the wall and on the window.

In addition, when the wall 1 is covered by a coating 4, it is necessary to provide a peripheral edge 41, made by applying a varnish or a specific film, to enhance the strength of the coating 4. Such a border 41 also increases the duration of installation of a window 2.

Finally, during a maintenance operation during which a damaged window must be replaced, the operator must cut the joint by means of a blade while being careful not to damage the structural wall or the window. In addition to the important time required for such cutting, the operator is likely to get injured with the blade, which again has a disadvantage.

The object of the invention is therefore to eliminate at least some of these disadvantages by proposing a new method of laying a window in a wall.

Although the invention was originally born for the installation of a window in a wall of a rail vehicle, the invention applies to the installation of a window in any wall, in particular, that of a building.

It is known from the patent application US2010 / 043300A1 a window structure for an aircraft, that is to say, a porthole. This document teaches to include a paint masking adhesive during assembly of the window. Thus, the aircraft can be painted directly after mounting the portholes. The adhesive can be removed simply manually before using the aircraft. This document does not teach securing between a wall frame and a window frame while providing aerodynamic continuity when the aircraft is in operation.

GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

For this purpose, the invention relates to an assembly of a window and a wall having an opening in which the window is mounted, the wall comprising a wall frame mounted on the periphery of the opening, the window comprising a portion glazing and a window frame circumferentially surrounding the glazing portion, the wall frame and the window frame are secured together.

The invention is remarkable in that the assembly comprises a sealing strip extending peripherally at the interface between the wall frame and the window frame so as to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the wall and the window .

A sealing strip can be applied simply by an operator without requiring a drying time, which is advantageous. In addition, because of its small thickness, such a sealing strip is not likely to tear under the effect of a relative wind of high speed. Furthermore, when the wall comprises a film-coated coating, the sealing strip covers said coating to form a border which eliminates the risk of tearing of the film-coated coating.

Preferably, the sealing strip is adhesive, which makes it possible to position the sealing strip quickly and to fix it directly in position, which shortens the exposure time and improves the aesthetic appearance compared to a sealant sealant according to the prior art.

Preferably, the sealing strip comprises a plurality of independent sections. This facilitates the establishment of the sealing strip at the periphery of the opening.

According to a preferred aspect, the wall frame and / or the window frame comprises a concave peripheral portion whose concavity is turned towards the sealing strip. Such a concave portion is advantageous since it forms a guide for the passage of a blade for cutting the sealing strip. The concave portion allows sharp and precise cutting, which avoids damage to the wall or window while limiting the risk of injury to the operator handling the blade.

Preferably, the concave peripheral portion is formed at one end of the wall frame and / or the window frame. Preferably, the concave peripheral portion is in the form of a chamfer. Such a peripheral portion is particularly simple to manufacture and allows to use the interface between the frames for guiding a blade. Preferably, the concave peripheral portion is formed at one end of the window frame in order to adapt the invention to an existing wall frame.

Preferably, the sealing strip has a width of between 30 mm and 50 mm, preferably constant, in order to cover the two frames in a distributed manner.

Preferably, the sealing strip has a thickness of between 100 micrometers and 200 micrometers in order to offer good mechanical strength while limiting the wind resistance.

• une étape de solidarisation du cadre de fenêtre au cadre de paroi, et
• une étape d'application d'une bande de scellement de manière périphérique à l'interface entre le cadre de paroi et le cadre de fenêtre de manière à assurer la continuité des surfaces entre la paroi et la fenêtre.

The invention also relates to a method of placing a window in a wall so as to obtain an assembly as presented above, the method comprising:

• a step of securing the window frame to the wall frame, and
• a step of applying a sealing strip peripherally to the interface between the wall frame and the window frame so as to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the wall and the window.

The installation of a window is simplified for the operator since the sealing strip is applied in a practical manner. In addition, no drying time is necessary.

Preferably, the new window is placed from outside the wall by means of fasteners which are covered by the sealing strip. Thus, the sealing strip also performs a camouflage function, which improves the aesthetic appearance. In addition, during removal of the sealing strip, the fasteners remain directly usable in the reverse of the prior art due to the sealant sealant.

• une étape de découpe périphérique de la bande de scellement à l'interface entre le cadre de paroi et le cadre de fenêtre de la fenêtre ancienne,
• une étape de retrait de la fenêtre ancienne,
• une étape de mise en place d'une nouvelle fenêtre, et
• une étape d'application d'une nouvelle bande de scellement de manière périphérique à l'interface entre le cadre de paroi et le cadre de fenêtre de la nouvelle fenêtre de manière à assurer la continuité des surfaces entre la paroi et la nouvelle fenêtre.

The invention furthermore relates to a method for replacing an old window of an assembly as presented previously by a new window, the method comprising:

• a peripheral cutting step of the sealing strip at the interface between the wall frame and the window frame of the old window,
• a step of removing the old window,
• a step of setting up a new window, and
• a step of applying a new sealing strip peripherally to the interface between the wall frame and the window frame of the new window so as to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the wall and the new window.

Advantageously, the sealing strip can be cut cleanly and cleanly to remove the old window, which saves time compared to the prior art. Preferably, the cutting step is performed by means of a blade.

Preferably, the new sealing strip covers at least partially the old sealing strip located on the wall frame. It is not necessary to remove the part of the old sealing strip located on the wall frame when installing a new window, which saves time.

PRESENTATION OF FIGURES

• la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'une fenêtre montée dans une paroi avec un joint en mastic selon l'art antérieur ;
• la figure 2 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'une fenêtre montée dans une paroi avec une bande de scellement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 3 est une représentation schématique de côté de la figure 2 avec la bande de scellement périphérique ;
• la figure 4 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'une étape de découpe d'une bande de scellement afin de déposer la fenêtre ;
• la figure 5 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'une étape d'application d'une nouvelle bande de scellement suite à la pose d'une nouvelle fenêtre et
• la figure 6 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'un cadre de fenêtre et d'un cadre de paroi avec une autre forme de réalisation d'une portion périphérique concave.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example, and referring to the appended drawings in which:

• the figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation in section of a window mounted in a wall with a mastic seal according to the prior art;
• the figure 2 is a schematic representation in section of a window mounted in a wall with a sealing strip according to the invention;
• the figure 3 is a schematic representation of the side of the figure 2 with the peripheral sealing band;
• the figure 4 is a schematic representation in section of a step of cutting a sealing strip in order to deposit the window;
• the figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation in section of a step of applying a new sealing strip following the installation of a new window and
• the figure 6 is a schematic sectional representation of a window frame and a wall frame with another embodiment of a concave peripheral portion.

It should be noted that the figures disclose the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention where appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MORE MODES OF REALIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

An exemplary implementation of the invention is shown with reference to Figures 2 and 3 for installing a window in a side wall of a railway vehicle. With reference to the figure 2 , there is shown an assembly of a window 2 and a wall 1 having a peripheral opening in which the window 2 is mounted.

In this example, the wall 1 of the railway vehicle is a boiler room and is also called "cauldron". The wall 1 here made of steel but it goes without saying that other materials could be suitable. The wall 1 is structural and is adapted to transit the main mechanical forces of the railway vehicle.

As illustrated in figure 2 , the wall 1 has an inner face 1A and an outer face 1B. The wall 1 has an opening, extending along an axis X oriented from the inside to the outside, in which the window 2 is mounted. In this example, with reference to FIG. figure 3 , the opening is peripheral and has an oblong shape but it goes without saying that it could be different (square, circular, etc.).

With reference to the figure 2 , the peripheral opening comprises a wall frame 11 adapted to cooperate with a window frame 21 as will be presented later. The wall frame 11 is mounted at the inner periphery of the opening to form the cooperation surface with the window frame 21. The wall frame 11 is adapted to position the window frame 21 substantially in continuity with the surface. 1B outer wall 1. The wall frame 11 is preferably made of metal material and secured to the wall 1 by screwing.

• une partie de liaison 11A s'étendant selon l'axe de l'ouverture X et adaptée pour venir directement en contact avec le bord intérieur de l'ouverture, et
• une partie de support 11B s'étendant orthogonalement à l'axe de l'ouverture X et adaptée pour venir directement en contact avec le cadre de fenêtre 21.

The shape of the wall frame 11 depends mainly on the fact that the window 2 is intended to be mounted from the inside (that is to say the side of the inner face 1A) or from the outside (ie say side of the outer face 1B). With reference to the figure 2 , the wall frame 11 is adapted to receive a window from the outside. In this embodiment, with reference to the figure 2 , the wall frame 11 has a substantially T-shaped section defining:

• a connecting portion 11A extending along the axis of the opening X and adapted to come into direct contact with the inner edge of the opening, and
• a support portion 11B extending orthogonally to the axis of the opening X and adapted to come into direct contact with the window frame 21.

The connecting portion 11B is offset from the plane along which the outer surface 1B of the wall 1 extends so as to provide an outward mounting area. Thus, the window frame 21 can be positioned substantially in the continuity of the outer surface 1B of the wall 1 as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 .

The outer surface 1B of the wall 1 can be covered to improve its aesthetic appearance. In this example, the outer surface 1B comprises a coating 4 formed by paint or film.

The window 2 comprises a glazing portion 20 and a window frame 21 circumferentially surrounding the glazing portion 20. The glazing portion 20 may be of very varied shape and structure, in particular of oblong shape as shown in FIG. figure 3 . In this example, with reference to the figure 2 , the glazing portion 20 is in the form of a complex comprising two glazing members (outer glazing member 22 and an inner glazing member 23) spaced apart by a spacer 24 and a screen printing 25 positioned between the interlayer 24 and the outer glazing member 22. The glazing portion 20 may also include an insulating gas. Such glazing portion 20 is known to those skilled in the art and will not be presented in more detail.

The window frame 21 extends to the outer periphery of the glazing portion 20 and is adapted to extend substantially in continuity with the outer surface 1B of the wall 1 in the mounted position. In this example, the window frame 21 is made of metal material but it goes without saying that other materials could be suitable. Preferably, the window frame 21 is painted or anodized.

• une partie de liaison 21A s'étendant selon l'axe de l'ouverture X et adaptée pour venir directement en contact avec le bord extérieur de la partie de vitrage 20 et
• une partie de support 21B s'étendant orthogonalement à l'axe de l'ouverture X et adaptée pour venir directement en contact avec le cadre de paroi 11.

The shape of the window frame 21 depends mainly if the window 2 is intended to be placed from the inside or the outside. As indicated above, the window 2 is adapted to be laid from the outside. In this embodiment, with reference to the figure 2 the window frame 21 has a substantially L-shaped section defining:

• a connecting portion 21A extending along the axis of the opening X and adapted to come into direct contact with the outer edge of the glazing portion 20 and
• a support portion 21B extending orthogonally to the axis of the opening X and adapted to come into direct contact with the wall frame 11.

In this example, the support portion 21B extends to the outer end of the connecting portion 21A and is adapted to extend in continuity with the outer surface 1B of the wall 1 in the mounted position.

Preferably, the window frame 21 is secured to the wall frame 11 mechanically, in particular, by means of a plurality of fasteners, for example, fastening screws (not shown). Preferably, the support portions 11B, 21B of the frames 11, 21 are secured together.

According to the invention, with reference to the figure 2 , there is provided a sealing strip 5 extending peripherally to the interface between the wall frame 11 and the window frame 21 so as to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the window 2 and the wall 1. Such sealing strip 5 advantageously avoids any aerodynamic or acoustic disturbance.

The sealing strip 5 is applied by means of an adhesive. In this example, the sealing strip 5 has an adhesive face. The adhesion strength of the sealing strip 5 is adapted to withstand high speed use in which the vibrations and the forces of the wind are large while permitting a withdrawal, in particular to access the fasteners of the window frame 21 with the wall frame 11. Preferably, the sealing strip 5 comprises an adhesive of the acrylic type.

Preferably, the sealing strip 5 has a constant width, which makes it possible to cover the discontinuity in an aesthetic and practical manner. Preferably, the sealing strip 5 is made of polyurethane so as to allow a sealing while remaining resistant to tearing. The sealing strip 5 has a width of between 30 mm and 50 mm so as to ensure a compromise between efficiency, cost and design. Preferably, the sealing strip 5 extends as much on the wall frame 11 as on the window frame 21.

The sealing strip 5 is flexible so as to adapt to the differences in relief in a continuous manner. Preferably, the sealing strip 5 is in the form of a thin film, in particular between 100 and 200 microns. Such a thickness makes it possible to limit the discontinuity of the surfaces at the edges of the sealing strip 5, the wind resistance being reduced.

In this example, the sealing strip 5 is made in one piece but it goes without saying that the sealing strip 5 could comprise a plurality of independent sections which would be glued consecutively. By way of example, the sealing strip 5 is formed of rectilinear sections and curved sections. Preferably, the sections overlap at their ends.

According to another embodiment, the sealing strip 5 is stored in a roll and cut according to the needs. Preferably, the sealing strip 5 comprises an adhesive face protected by a removable protective film.

Preferably, with reference to the figure 2 , the window frame 21 comprises a peripheral concave portion 6 whose concavity is turned outwards. In this example, the concave portion 6 is in the form of a chamfer formed at the end of the support portion 21B of the window frame 21. It goes without saying that the peripheral concave portion 6 could come in various forms. The important thing is that it is in the vicinity of the interface between the window frame 21 and the wall frame 11. Also, the concave portion 6 could also be formed only on the wall frame 11 as illustrated in FIG. figure 6 . It is nevertheless advantageous for the concave portion to be formed on the window frame 21 as this makes it possible to implement the invention without modifying the wall frame 11. It is preferable that the concave portion 6 is in the form of a chamfer which is particularly simple to manufacture and does not affect the mechanical strength of the wall frame 11 or the window frame 21 as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 .

Preferably, the concave portion 6 has a depth of between 1 and 2 mm and a width of between 2 and 3 mm in order to allow adequate guidance of a blade.

Such a peripheral concave portion 6 advantageously makes it possible to guide the cutting of the sealing strip 5 when the window 2 has to be deposited from the wall 1 as will be presented hereinafter in an exemplary implementation.

In order to mount a window 2 in the wall 1, an operator positions the window frame 21 from the outside in the wall frame 11 so that they cooperate together and the glazing portion 20 of the window 2 extends substantially in the continuity of the outer surface 1B of the wall 1. The window frame 21 is then secured to the wall frame 11 by any known means (bolting, riveting, etc.).

There is a peripheral discontinuity at the interface between the window 21 and the wall 11. Also, the operator sets up a sealing strip 5 at the interface so as to ensure a continuity of the surfaces between the wall 1 and the window 2. The sealing strip 5 covers in particular the peripheral concave portion 6 as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 . Because of its flexibility, the sealing strip 5 smooths any discontinuity of relief and improves the aerodynamic and acoustic behavior. In addition, because of its small thickness, the wind resistance is reduced, which reduces the risk of tearing.

The placement of the sealing strip 5 is convenient for the operator as compared to a sealant seal since the sealing strip 5 has a predetermined constant width. In addition, because of its adhesive side, the sealing strip 5 can be applied quickly and without specific material. Finally, it is not necessary to provide a drying time as in the prior art, which saves time and avoids immobilization of the railway vehicle.

Moreover, the sealing strip 5 makes it possible to hide the interlayer of the window 2, the fastening members solidarisant the window frame 21 to the wall frame 11 as well as the frames 11, 21, which improves the aesthetic rendering. Such a sealing strip 5 may advantageously be made to the desired shade, unlike a conventional sealant sealant.

In addition, the sealing strip 5 advantageously performs a border function when the wall 1 comprises a coating 4 in the form of a film. The sealing strip 5 is more practical to apply than a border in the form of varnish.

In the case of maintenance, if the operator wishes to replace an old window 2, for example a window 2 whose glazing portion 20 is damaged, it is sufficient for the operator to cut the sealing strip 5 and to separate the window frame 21 of the wall frame 11 to remove the old window 2 and allow the installation of a new window 2 '. In this example, with reference to the figure 4 , the sealing strip 5 is cut from the outside by means of a blade C, the blade C being guided in the peripheral concave portion 6 so as to prevent the blade C from deflecting and damaging the wall 1 or the window 2. The risk of injury to the operator is also greatly reduced. Following the cutting, part of the sealing strip 5 remains on the old window 2 and part of the sealing strip 5 remains on the wall 1. The frames 11, 21 are then detached to remove the old window 2 .

According to a particular embodiment, when the window frame 21 is secured to the wall frame 11 by fasteners from the outside, the sealing strip 5 covers said fasteners. During maintenance, the sealing strip 5 which covers the fasteners can be easily removed in order to access the fasteners and allow the frames 11, 21 to be detached. In the prior art, the sealant seal is lodged in the heads of the fasteners, which lengthened and complicated the separation.

Once this is removed, the operator can set a new window 2 'in a similar manner to the previous one. A new 5 'sealing strip is applied to provide continuity between the surface of the wall 1 and the surface of the new window 2' as illustrated in FIG. figure 5 . Advantageously, the new sealing strip 5 'makes it possible to cover the part of the sealing strip 5 which remains on the wall 1. It is thus not necessary for the operator to remove this part when setting up a new window 2 ', which saves time.

It has been presented here an implementation of the invention for a rail vehicle but it goes without saying that the invention applies to any transport vehicle, in particular, a bus, a boat, etc. Similarly, the invention can be implemented outside the field of vehicles, in particular in the field of building.

Claims (9)

Assembly of a window (2) and a wall (1) having an opening in which the window (2) is mounted, the wall (1) having a wall frame (11) mounted at the periphery of the opening the window (2) having a glazing portion (20) and a window frame (21) circumferentially surrounding the glazing portion (20), the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21) are secured together, characterized in that it comprises a sealing strip (5) extending peripherally at the interface between the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21) so as to ensure continuity surfaces between the wall (1) and the window (2), the wall frame (11) and / or the window frame (21) having a concave peripheral portion (6) whose concavity is turned towards the sealing strip (5), the concave peripheral portion (6) being located at the interface between the window frame (21) and the wall frame (11) . An assembly according to claim 1, wherein the sealing strip (5) is adhesive. Assembly according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the sealing strip (5) comprises a plurality of independent sections. An assembly according to claim 3, wherein the concave peripheral portion (6) is formed at one end of the wall frame (11) and / or the window frame (21). An assembly according to claim 4, wherein the concave peripheral portion (6) is in the form of a chamfer. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sealing strip (5) has a width of between 30 mm and 50 mm. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sealing strip (5) has a thickness of between 100 micrometers and 200 micrometers. Method for placing a window (2) in a wall (1) so as to obtain an assembly according to one of Claims 1 to 7, the method comprising: a step of securing the window frame (21) to the wall frame (11), and a step of applying a sealing strip (5) peripherally to the interface between the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21) so as to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the wall ( 1) and the window (2). A method of replacing an old window (2) of an assembly according to one of claims 1 to 8 by a new window (2 '), the method comprising: a peripheral cutting step of the sealing strip (5) at the interface between the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21) of the old window (2), a step of removing the old window (2), a step of setting up a new window (2 '), and a step of applying a new sealing strip (5 ') peripherally to the interface between the wall frame (11) and the window frame (21') of the new window (2 ') of in order to ensure the continuity of the surfaces between the wall (1) and the new window (2 ').

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