EP3389930A1 - Driver device operated by means of combustible gas - Google Patents

Driver device operated by means of combustible gas

Info

Publication number
EP3389930A1
EP3389930A1 EP16806130.7A EP16806130A EP3389930A1 EP 3389930 A1 EP3389930 A1 EP 3389930A1 EP 16806130 A EP16806130 A EP 16806130A EP 3389930 A1 EP3389930 A1 EP 3389930A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
driving
tacker
combustion chamber
piezoelectric actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16806130.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3389930B1 (en
Inventor
Dominik Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP3389930A1 publication Critical patent/EP3389930A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3389930B1 publication Critical patent/EP3389930B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/008—Safety devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tacker, in particular a hand-held tacker, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an operating method for a tacker according to the features of claim 10.
  • the invention relates to tackers in which a driving piston is accelerated by a rapidly expanding gas as part of a combustion process.
  • Conventional types of such devices use powder cartridges or an ignitable one
  • EP 1 987 924 A1 describes a rechargeable, fuel gas driven tacking device in which a driving piston is held in a starting position by means of a holding device.
  • the holding device comprises a ball head, which engages in a groove formed on the driving piston in the radial direction and is acted upon by a force.
  • the driving piston can be released by activating an electromagnetic coil.
  • the holding device serves to support the piston against a boost pressure of the fuel gas in the combustion chamber, which is already present before ignition.
  • a piezoelectric actuator in the piston holder, the release can take place at a selected time by means of an electrical voltage, wherein the release can be carried out almost instantaneously due to the high reaction rate of piezoelectric actuators.
  • a piezoactuator is understood to mean any component which uses the inverse piezoelectric effect of a change in length by applying a voltage to a piezoelectric solid. The change in length is used in the sense of a mechanical actuator, by which a state of the piston holder is changed.
  • a release of the piston can be carried out preferably by switching on, but if necessary also by switching off the voltage.
  • piezoactuators comprise a piezoceramic as a piezoelectrically active solid and are usually composed of a plurality of contacted layers.
  • the piston holder of a tacker preferably comprises two or more piezo actuators distributed around the circumference of the piston, in order to ensure a low-torsion and particularly secure mounting.
  • the piston holder comprises an actuatable by means of the piezoelectric actuator latch member for preferably positive locking of the driving piston.
  • a locking member in particular in conjunction with a positive retention, allows a secure mounting of the piston even with high pressure.
  • the piezoelectric actuator acts on the locking member via a transmission. This allows a relative to the piezoelectric actuator significantly increased stroke and thus an adaptation to the mechanical and thermal tolerances usual Eintreibkolben.
  • the transmission makes a clear translation of the change in length of the piezoelectric actuator, preferably by a factor of more than two.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is supported against the force of a biasing spring, whereby a play-free and accurate function of the piston holder is made possible.
  • a release of the drive piston by means of the piezoelectric actuator takes place with a time delay after an ignition process. This allows the targeted release of the drive piston after an already established pressure buildup, whereby the energy transfer to the drive piston and thus the achievable set energy can be increased.
  • the temporal accuracy and the Speed of release are necessary very high and can be achieved by the use of piezoelectric actuators according to the invention.
  • the release preferably takes place as a function of a pressure threshold, a temperature threshold or a defined time interval.
  • the time delay is also adjustable adjustable.
  • the change of the delay can be made by automatic or manual preselection of a value. It may also be provided for an automatic tracking of the delay as a function of the expiry of a previous drive-in operation.
  • the combustion chamber can be filled with an ignitable fuel gas mixture.
  • an overpressure of the fuel gas mixture in the combustion chamber can be generated by means of a charging member.
  • an overpressure of the fuel gas mixture is understood to be an increased pressure to increase the driving energy.
  • the pressure of the fuel gas mixture is usually slightly above an ambient pressure, since the pressurized fuel gas is added to the air under atmospheric pressure in the combustion chamber. This is only a slight increase in pressure.
  • An overpressure according to the invention is preferably at least 100 mbar, more preferably at least 200 mbar above atmospheric pressure.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for operating a tacker, comprising the steps:
  • the resulting driving energy can be selectively changed and in particular a high maximum driving energy can be achieved.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably carried out by means of a driving-in device according to the invention described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an inventive
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail view of the tacker of FIG. 1 in front of the
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic detail of the piston holder from FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows the piston holder of Fig. 3 in an open state.
  • the tacker of Fig. 1 is a hand-held device comprising a housing 1 and a combustion chamber 2 received therein with a combustion chamber wall. Adjacent to the combustion chamber 2 is a cylinder 3 with a guided therein driving piston 4.
  • the driving piston 4 comprises a driving ram 5 for driving a nail member (not shown) into a workpiece.
  • An ignitable fuel gas mixture is presently introduced by means of a fuel gas storage 6 in the combustion chamber 2.
  • the fuel gas mixture is compressed by means of a charging member 7 to an overpressure.
  • the charging member is designed as an electrically driven and powered by a battery 8 compressor. In other embodiments, charging may also be by means of a powered reset of the driving piston 4 or otherwise.
  • the fuel gas is introduced via a metering valve 9 from the fuel gas storage 6 into the air of the combustion chamber 2. Depending on the requirements, the fuel gas injection can take place in the not yet compressed, partially compressed or completely compressed air.
  • the driving piston 4 is held by a piston holder 10 against the overpressure in the combustion chamber.
  • the piston holder 10 comprises a plurality of, in the present case two, similarly constructed holding members 17, which are distributed around the circumference of the cylinder 3.
  • Each of the holding members has a locking member 18 that is substantially radially movable relative to the cylinder.
  • the locking member 18 each has a bevel 18a on the side facing away from the held piston.
  • the drive piston can push back the latch member 18a by overrunning the bevel against the force of a spring 19.
  • After passing over the latch member 18 each snaps radially back into the cylinder 3, so that the non-tapered side of the locking member 18 holds the driving piston positively against the pressure in the combustion chamber 2 in the starting position.
  • the holding members 17 each include a housing 20 in which the locking member 18 is slidably mounted.
  • a piezoelectric actuator 21 is accommodated in the housing, which is mechanically coupled to the locking member 18 via a gearbox 22.
  • the gearbox 22 is shown schematically as a lever 24 mounted in a pivot point 23.
  • a first end lever 24 engages the locking member 18 and a second, opposite end of the lever 24 is supported on the piezoelectric actuator 21 and on the spring 19.
  • the spring 19 presses the lever 24 against the piezoelectric actuator and in the direction of a closing movement of the locking member 18th
  • the piezoelectric actuator 21 can be acted upon by means of a voltage source 25 with a voltage.
  • the voltage source 25 is supplied centrally from the battery 8 with energy, but generates a sufficiently high voltage for the deflection of the piezoelectric actuator 21.
  • the electrical components of the tacker such as the battery 8 and the voltage source 25 with an electronic control unit (not shown) of the tacker connected.
  • Fig. 3 shows one of the holding members 17 in a closed position, in which the locking member 18 is extended beyond the wall of the cylinder 3 and the drive piston 4 holds. In this position, the piezoelectric actuator 21 is not subjected to voltage and shortened accordingly.
  • Fig. 4 shows the holding member 17 when acted upon by a voltage through the voltage source 25.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 21 has become longer due to the inverse piezo effect and presses the lever 24 against the spring 19 a.
  • the locking member 18 is withdrawn behind the wall of the cylinder 3 and gives the driving piston 4 free.
  • the piezoelectric actuators 21 are de-energized.
  • the combustion chamber is loaded with fuel gas and ignited accordingly.
  • the ignition is triggered by means of an electric spark on the spark plug. This defines the start time of a timer.
  • the piezoelectric actuators 21 are connected to electrical voltage and the piston holder releases the driving piston within a very short period of time. Subsequently, the driving piston is accelerated by the applied pressure and the further pressure increase by the progressive combustion process.
  • a piston holder according to the invention can also be advantageously used without a defined increase in pressure, so that a piston release which is simultaneous with the ignition of the fuel gas mixture can also be provided.
  • a pressure increase was defined by the choice of the given time delay or delay, which means a corresponding approximation and requires sufficient reproducibility of the combustion process.
  • sensory variables such as pressure and / or temperature in the combustion chamber 2 can serve as a criterion for the release of the piston holder.
  • the predetermined period of time and / or corresponding threshold values of measured variables can be changed in meaningful ways in order to vary the driving-in energy as required.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a driver device, comprising a driving piston (4) for driving a nail element into a workpiece, which driving piston is guided in a cylinder (3), and comprising a combustion chamber (2) arranged adjoining the driving piston (4). In the course of a driving process, a pressure increase occurs in the combustion chamber as a result of a combustion process. Before the driving process, the driving piston (4) is held in an initial position by means of a piston holder (10). The piston holder (10) comprises a piezoelectric actuator (21).

Description

Brenngasbetriebenes Eintreibgerät  Fuel-powered tacker
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Eintreibgerät, insbesondere ein handgeführtes Eintreibgerät, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Erfindung betrifft zudem ein Betriebsverfahren für ein Eintreibgerät gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10. The invention relates to a tacker, in particular a hand-held tacker, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to an operating method for a tacker according to the features of claim 10.
Allgemein betrifft die Erfindung Eintreibgeräte, bei denen ein Eintreibkolben durch ein schnell expandierendes Gas im Rahmen eines Verbrennungsvorgangs beschleunigt wird. Übliche Bauarten solcher Geräte nutzen hierzu Pulverkartuschen oder ein zündfähiges Generally, the invention relates to tackers in which a driving piston is accelerated by a rapidly expanding gas as part of a combustion process. Conventional types of such devices use powder cartridges or an ignitable one
Brenngasgemisch. Eintreibgeräte solcher Bauarten sind regelmäßig für hohe Fuel gas mixture. Eintreibgeräte such types are regularly for high
Eintreibenergien ausgelegt. Eintreibenergien designed.
EP 1 987 924 A1 beschreibt ein aufladbares, brenngasbetriebenes Eintreibgerät, bei dem ein Eintreibkolben mittels einer Haltevorrichtung in einer Ausgangsposition gehalten ist. Die Haltevorrichtung umfasst einen Kugelkopf, der in eine an dem Eintreibkolben ausgeformte Rille in radialer Richtung eingreift und mit einer Kraft beaufschlagt ist. Bei einer EP 1 987 924 A1 describes a rechargeable, fuel gas driven tacking device in which a driving piston is held in a starting position by means of a holding device. The holding device comprises a ball head, which engages in a groove formed on the driving piston in the radial direction and is acted upon by a force. At a
Ausführungsform kann der Eintreibkolben durch Aktivierung einer elektromagnetischen Spule freigegeben werden. Die Haltevorrichtung dient einem Abstützen des Kolbens gegen einen Ladedruck des Brenngases in der Brennkammer, der bereits vor einer Zündung anliegt. Embodiment, the driving piston can be released by activating an electromagnetic coil. The holding device serves to support the piston against a boost pressure of the fuel gas in the combustion chamber, which is already present before ignition.
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Eintreibgerät anzugeben, das eine sichere Halterung und eine schnelle Freigabe des Eintreibkolbens ermöglicht. It is the object of the invention to provide a tacker that allows secure mounting and quick release of the drive piston.
Diese Aufgabe wird für ein eingangs genanntes Eintreibgerät erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch das Vorsehen eines Piezoaktors in der Kolbenhalterung kann die Freigabe zu einem gewählten Zeitpunkt mittels einer elektrischen Spannung erfolgen, wobei die Freigabe aufgrund der hohen Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit von Piezoaktoren nahezu verzögerungsfrei erfolgen kann. Unter einem Piezoaktor wird im Sinne der Erfindung jedes Bauteil verstanden, das den inversen piezoelektrischen Effekt einer Längenänderung durch Anlegen einer Spannung an einen piezoelektrischen Festkörper nutzt. Die Längenänderung wird dabei im Sinne eines mechanischen Aktuators genutzt, durch den ein Zustand des Kolbenhalters geändert wird. Je nach mechanischer Auslegung kann eine Freigabe des Kolbens dabei bevorzugt durch Aufschalten, bei Bedarf aber auch durch Abschalten der Spannung erfolgen. Häufig verwendete Piezoaktoren umfassen eine Piezokeramik als piezoelektrisch wirksamer Festkörper und sind meist aus einer Vielzahl von kontaktierten Schichten aufgebaut. This object is achieved according to the invention for a drive-in device mentioned above with the characterizing features of claim 1. By providing a piezoelectric actuator in the piston holder, the release can take place at a selected time by means of an electrical voltage, wherein the release can be carried out almost instantaneously due to the high reaction rate of piezoelectric actuators. For the purposes of the invention, a piezoactuator is understood to mean any component which uses the inverse piezoelectric effect of a change in length by applying a voltage to a piezoelectric solid. The change in length is used in the sense of a mechanical actuator, by which a state of the piston holder is changed. Depending on the mechanical design, a release of the piston can be carried out preferably by switching on, but if necessary also by switching off the voltage. Frequently used piezoactuators comprise a piezoceramic as a piezoelectrically active solid and are usually composed of a plurality of contacted layers.
Allgemein versteht sich, dass die Kolbenhalterung eines erfindungsgemäßen Eintreibgerätes bevorzugt zwei oder mehr um den Umfang des Kolbens verteilte Piezoaktoren umfasst, um eine verwindungsarme und besonders sichere Halterung zu gewährleisten. Bei einer allgemein bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Kolbenhalterung ein mittels des Piezoaktors betätigbares Riegelglied zur bevorzugt formschlüssigen Halterung des Eintreibkolbens. Ein Riegelglied, insbesondere in Verbindung mit einer formschlüssigen Halterung, erlaubt eine sichere Halterung des Kolbens auch gegenüber hohem Druck. Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der Piezoaktor über ein Getriebe auf das Riegelglied einwirkt. Dies erlaubt einen gegenüber dem Piezoaktor deutlich vergrößerten Hub und somit eine Anpassung an die mechanischen und thermisch bedingten Toleranzen üblicher Eintreibkolben. It is generally understood that the piston holder of a tacker according to the invention preferably comprises two or more piezo actuators distributed around the circumference of the piston, in order to ensure a low-torsion and particularly secure mounting. In a generally preferred embodiment, the piston holder comprises an actuatable by means of the piezoelectric actuator latch member for preferably positive locking of the driving piston. A locking member, in particular in conjunction with a positive retention, allows a secure mounting of the piston even with high pressure. Particularly preferably, it is provided that the piezoelectric actuator acts on the locking member via a transmission. This allows a relative to the piezoelectric actuator significantly increased stroke and thus an adaptation to the mechanical and thermal tolerances usual Eintreibkolben.
Unter einem Getriebe wird insbesondere ein Hebelgetriebe verstanden. Allgemein bevorzugt leistet das Getriebe eine deutliche Übersetzung der Längenänderung des Piezoaktors, bevorzugt um einen Faktor von mehr als zwei. Under a transmission, in particular, a lever mechanism is understood. Generally preferred, the transmission makes a clear translation of the change in length of the piezoelectric actuator, preferably by a factor of more than two.
Allgemein vorteilhaft ist der Piezoaktor gegen die Kraft einer Vorspannfeder abgestützt, wodurch eine spielfreie und genaue Funktion des Kolbenhalters ermöglicht ist. Generally advantageous, the piezoelectric actuator is supported against the force of a biasing spring, whereby a play-free and accurate function of the piston holder is made possible.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt eine Freigabe des Eintreibkolbens mittels des Piezoaktors mit zeitlicher Verzögerung nach einem Zündvorgang. Dies ermöglicht die gezielte Freigabe des Eintreibkolbens nach einem bereits erfolgten Druckaufbau, wodurch die Energieübertragung auf den Eintreibkolben und somit die erzielbare Setzenergie erhöht werden kann. Die zeitliche Genauigkeit und die Geschwindigkeit der Freigabe sind dabei notwendig sehr hoch und können durch die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von Piezoaktoren erreicht werden. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a release of the drive piston by means of the piezoelectric actuator takes place with a time delay after an ignition process. This allows the targeted release of the drive piston after an already established pressure buildup, whereby the energy transfer to the drive piston and thus the achievable set energy can be increased. The temporal accuracy and the Speed of release are necessary very high and can be achieved by the use of piezoelectric actuators according to the invention.
Allgemein bevorzugt erfolgt die Freigabe dabei in Abhängigkeit von einer Druckschwelle, einer Temperaturschwelle oder einem definierten Zeitabstand. Weiterhin bevorzugt ist die zeitliche Verzögerung zudem einstellbar veränderbar. Zum Beispiel kann die Veränderung der Verzögerung durch automatische oder manuelle Vorwahl eines Wertes erfolgen. Es kann auch um eine automatische Nachführung der Verzögerung in Abhängigkeit des Ablauf eines vorhergehenden Eintreibvorgangs vorgesehen sein. In general, the release preferably takes place as a function of a pressure threshold, a temperature threshold or a defined time interval. Further preferably, the time delay is also adjustable adjustable. For example, the change of the delay can be made by automatic or manual preselection of a value. It may also be provided for an automatic tracking of the delay as a function of the expiry of a previous drive-in operation.
Insgesamt wird hierdurch eine Optimierung des Eintreibvorgangs erreicht, so dass eine möglichst hohe Setzenergie erreichbar ist und/oder die Setzenergie durch Wahl der Verzögerung eingestellt werden kann. Bei einer allgemein vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die Brennkammer mit einem zündfähigen Brenngasgemisch befüllbar. Solche mit Brenngas betriebenen Eintreibgeräte erzielen hohe Energien bei geringer Verschmutzung der Gerätemechanik aufgrund von Abbrandprodukten. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist dabei mittels eines Aufladungsglieds ein Überdruck des Brenngasgemisches in der Brennkammer erzeugbar. Overall, this optimizes the drive-in process so that the highest possible set energy can be achieved and / or the set energy can be set by selecting the delay. In a generally advantageous embodiment, the combustion chamber can be filled with an ignitable fuel gas mixture. Such fuel gas powered Eintreibgeräte achieve high energy with low pollution of the device mechanics due to burn-off products. In a particularly preferred embodiment, an overpressure of the fuel gas mixture in the combustion chamber can be generated by means of a charging member.
Unter einem Überdruck des Brenngasgemisches wird dabei ein erhöhter Druck zur Steigerung der Eintreibenergie verstanden. Auch bei herkömmlichen, nicht aufgeladenen Geräten liegt der Druck des Brenngasgemisches meist etwas oberhalb eines Umgebungsdrucks, da das unter Druck stehende Brenngas zu der unter Atmosphärendruck stehenden Luft in der Brennkammer hinzugefügt wird. Dabei handelt es sich nur um eine geringe Druckerhöhung. Ein Überdruck im Sinne der Erfindung liegt bevorzugt um wenigstens 100 mbar, besonders bevorzugt um wenigstens 200 mbar über dem Atmosphärendruck. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird zudem gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Eintreibgerätes, umfassend die Schritte: Under an overpressure of the fuel gas mixture is understood to be an increased pressure to increase the driving energy. Even with conventional, uncharged devices, the pressure of the fuel gas mixture is usually slightly above an ambient pressure, since the pressurized fuel gas is added to the air under atmospheric pressure in the combustion chamber. This is only a slight increase in pressure. An overpressure according to the invention is preferably at least 100 mbar, more preferably at least 200 mbar above atmospheric pressure. The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for operating a tacker, comprising the steps:
a. Halten eines Eintreibkolbens in einer Ausgangsposition mittels einer Kolbenhalterung; b. Zünden eines Verbrennungsvorgangs in einer Brennkammer unter Erhöhung eines auf den Eintreibkolben wirkenden Drucks; c. Freigabe des Eintreibkolbens mittels eines elektrischen Signals an die Kolbenhalterung, nachdem ein definierter Druckanstieg stattgefunden hat. a. Holding a driving piston in an initial position by means of a piston holder; b. Igniting a combustion process in a combustion chamber while increasing a pressure acting on the drive piston; c. Release of the drive piston by means of an electrical signal to the piston holder after a defined increase in pressure has taken place.
Durch die verzögerte Freigabe der Kolbenhalterung kann die resultierende Eintreibenergie gezielt verändert werden und insbesondere eine hohe maximale Eintreibenergie erreicht werden. Due to the delayed release of the piston holder, the resulting driving energy can be selectively changed and in particular a high maximum driving energy can be achieved.
Bevorzugt wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mittels eines vorstehend beschriebenen, erfindungsgemäßen Eintreibgerätes durchgeführt. The process according to the invention is preferably carried out by means of a driving-in device according to the invention described above.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel sowie aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen. Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment described below and from the dependent claims.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben und anhand der anliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an inventive
Eintreibgerätes.  Tacker.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Detailansicht des Eintreibgerätes aus Fig. 1 vor der  FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail view of the tacker of FIG. 1 in front of the
Auslösung eines Eintreibvorgangs mit geschlossener Kolbenhalterung. Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Detaildarstellung der Kolbenhalterung aus Fig. 2.  Triggering a driving operation with closed piston holder. FIG. 3 shows a schematic detail of the piston holder from FIG. 2.
Fig. 4 zeigt die Kolbenhalterung aus Fig. 3 in einem geöffneten Zustand. Fig. 4 shows the piston holder of Fig. 3 in an open state.
Das Eintreibgerät aus Fig. 1 ist ein handgeführtes Gerät, umfassend ein Gehäuse 1 und eine darin aufgenommene Brennkammer 2 mit einer Brennkammerwand. An die Brennkammer 2 grenzt ein Zylinder 3 mit einem darin geführten Eintreibkolben 4 an. Der Eintreibkolben 4 umfasst einen Eintreibstößel 5 zum Eintreiben eines Nagelglieds (nicht dargestellt) in ein Werkstück. The tacker of Fig. 1 is a hand-held device comprising a housing 1 and a combustion chamber 2 received therein with a combustion chamber wall. Adjacent to the combustion chamber 2 is a cylinder 3 with a guided therein driving piston 4. The driving piston 4 comprises a driving ram 5 for driving a nail member (not shown) into a workpiece.
Ein zündfähiges Brenngasgemisch wird vorliegend mittels eines Brenngasspeichers 6 in die Brennkammer 2 eingebracht. Das Brenngasgemisch wird dabei mittels eines Aufladungsglieds 7 auf einen Überdruck komprimiert. Das Aufladungsglied ist als elektrisch angetriebener und über einen Akku 8 versorgter Kompressor ausgebildet. Bei anderen Ausführungsformen kann eine Aufladung auch mittels einer angetriebenen Rückstellung des Eintreibkolbens 4 oder auf sonstige Weise erfolgen. Das Brenngas wird über ein Dosierventil 9 von dem Brenngasspeicher 6 in die Luft der Brennkammer 2 eingebracht. Die Brenngasinjektion kann je nach Anforderungen in die noch nicht komprimierte, teilkomprimierte oder auch vollständig komprimierte Luft erfolgen. An ignitable fuel gas mixture is presently introduced by means of a fuel gas storage 6 in the combustion chamber 2. The fuel gas mixture is compressed by means of a charging member 7 to an overpressure. The charging member is designed as an electrically driven and powered by a battery 8 compressor. In other embodiments, charging may also be by means of a powered reset of the driving piston 4 or otherwise. The fuel gas is introduced via a metering valve 9 from the fuel gas storage 6 into the air of the combustion chamber 2. Depending on the requirements, the fuel gas injection can take place in the not yet compressed, partially compressed or completely compressed air.
Im vollständig rückgestellten Zustand (siehe Fig. 1 ) wird der Eintreibkolben 4 durch einen Kolbenhalter 10 gegen den Überdruck in der Brennkammer gehalten. In the completely reset state (see FIG. 1), the driving piston 4 is held by a piston holder 10 against the overpressure in the combustion chamber.
Bei beladener Brennkammer kann dann über einen handbetätigten Trigger 1 1 eine Zündung des Brenngasgemisches über eine Zündkerze 14 ausgelöst werden, so dass der Eintreibkolben 4 vorgetrieben wird und über den Eintreibstößel 5 das Nagelglied (nicht dargestellt) aus einem Magazin 12 in das Werkstück eintreibt. Die Abgase des gezündeten und expandierten Brenngases können zum Ende des Weges des Eintreibkolbens über Auslassöffnungen 13 in den Außenraum eintreten. Der Eintreibkolben trifft am, Ende seines Weges auf Anschlagpuffer 15 (dargestellt in Fig. 2). Bei einer Rückstellung des Kolbens wir dessen Weg von einem oberen Anschlag 16 am Ausgang der Brennkammer 2 begrenzt. When loaded combustion chamber can then be triggered by a manually operated trigger 1 1 ignition of the fuel gas mixture via a spark plug 14, so that the driving piston 4 is driven and on the drive ram 5, the nail member (not shown) from a magazine 12 drives into the workpiece. The exhaust gases of the ignited and expanded fuel gas may enter the outer space via outlet openings 13 towards the end of the travel of the drive piston. The drive piston hits at the end of its travel on stop buffer 15 (shown in Fig. 2). In a provision of the piston, we limited its way from an upper stop 16 at the output of the combustion chamber 2.
In einem Ausgangszustand vor einer Zündung des Brenngases ist der Eintreibkolben 4 mittels des Kolbenhalters 10 in seiner Ausgangsposition gehalten. Der Kolbenhalter 10 umfasst mehrere, vorliegend zwei, gleichartig aufgebaute Halteglieder 17, die um den Umfang des Zylinders 3 verteilt angeordnet sind. Jedes der Halteglieder hat ein gegenüber dem Zylinder in im Wesentlichen radial bewegbares Riegelglied 18. In an initial state before ignition of the fuel gas of the driving piston 4 is held by means of the piston holder 10 in its initial position. The piston holder 10 comprises a plurality of, in the present case two, similarly constructed holding members 17, which are distributed around the circumference of the cylinder 3. Each of the holding members has a locking member 18 that is substantially radially movable relative to the cylinder.
Das Riegelglied 18 hat jeweils eine Abschrägung 18a auf der dem gehaltenen Kolben abgewandten Seite. Bei einer Rückstellung kann der Eintreibkolben das Riegelglied 18a durch überfahren der Abschrägung gegen die Kraft einer Feder 19 zurückdrücken. Nach dem Überfahren schnappt das Riegelglied 18 jeweils radial in den Zylinder 3 zurück, so dass die nicht abgeschrägte Seite des Riegelglieds 18 den Eintreibkolben formschlüssig gegen den Druck in der Brennkammer 2 in der Ausgangsposition hält. The locking member 18 each has a bevel 18a on the side facing away from the held piston. Upon reset, the drive piston can push back the latch member 18a by overrunning the bevel against the force of a spring 19. After passing over the latch member 18 each snaps radially back into the cylinder 3, so that the non-tapered side of the locking member 18 holds the driving piston positively against the pressure in the combustion chamber 2 in the starting position.
Die Halteglieder 17 umfassen jeweils ein Gehäuse 20, in dem das Riegelglied 18 verschiebbar gelagert ist. Zudem ist ein Piezoaktor 21 in dem Gehäuse aufgenommen, der über ein Getriebe 22 mechanisch mit dem Riegelglied 18 gekoppelt ist. Das Getriebe 22 ist vorliegend schematisch als in einem Drehpunkt 23 gelagerter Hebel 24 dargestellt. Ein erstes Ende Hebels 24 greift an dem Riegelglied 18 an und ein zweites, gegenüberliegendes Ende des Hebels 24 ist an dem Piezoaktor 21 sowie an der Feder 19 abgestützt. Die Feder 19 drückt dabei den Hebel 24 gegen den Piezoaktor und in Richtung einer Schließbewegung des Riegelglieds 18. The holding members 17 each include a housing 20 in which the locking member 18 is slidably mounted. In addition, a piezoelectric actuator 21 is accommodated in the housing, which is mechanically coupled to the locking member 18 via a gearbox 22. In the present case, the gearbox 22 is shown schematically as a lever 24 mounted in a pivot point 23. A first end lever 24 engages the locking member 18 and a second, opposite end of the lever 24 is supported on the piezoelectric actuator 21 and on the spring 19. The spring 19 presses the lever 24 against the piezoelectric actuator and in the direction of a closing movement of the locking member 18th
Der Piezoaktor 21 ist mittels einer Spannungsquelle 25 mit einer Spannung beaufschlagbar. Die Spannungsquelle 25 wird zentral von dem Akku 8 mit Energie versorgt, erzeugt aber eine ausreichend hohe Spannung zur Auslenkung des Piezoaktors 21. Die elektrischen Komponenten des Eintreibgerätes wie etwa der Akku 8 und die Spannungsquelle 25 sind mit einer elektronischen Steuereinheit (nicht dargestellt) des Eintreibgerätes verbunden. The piezoelectric actuator 21 can be acted upon by means of a voltage source 25 with a voltage. The voltage source 25 is supplied centrally from the battery 8 with energy, but generates a sufficiently high voltage for the deflection of the piezoelectric actuator 21. The electrical components of the tacker such as the battery 8 and the voltage source 25 with an electronic control unit (not shown) of the tacker connected.
Fig. 3 zeigt eines der Halteglieder 17 in einer geschlossenen Position, in der das Riegelglied 18 über die Wand des Zylinders 3 hinaus ausgefahren ist und den Eintreibkolben 4 festhält. In dieser Position ist der Piezoaktor 21 nicht mit Spannung beaufschlagt und entsprechend verkürzt. Fig. 3 shows one of the holding members 17 in a closed position, in which the locking member 18 is extended beyond the wall of the cylinder 3 and the drive piston 4 holds. In this position, the piezoelectric actuator 21 is not subjected to voltage and shortened accordingly.
Fig. 4 zeigt das Halteglied 17 bei Beaufschlagung mit einer Spannung durch die Spannungsquelle 25. Der Piezoaktor 21 ist durch den inversen Piezoeffekt länger geworden und drückt den Hebel 24 gegen die Feder 19 ein. Entsprechend der Umlenkfunktion des Hebels 24 wird das Riegelglied 18 hinter die Wand des Zylinders 3 zurückgezogen und gibt den Eintreibkolben 4 frei. Fig. 4 shows the holding member 17 when acted upon by a voltage through the voltage source 25. The piezoelectric actuator 21 has become longer due to the inverse piezo effect and presses the lever 24 against the spring 19 a. According to the deflection function of the lever 24, the locking member 18 is withdrawn behind the wall of the cylinder 3 and gives the driving piston 4 free.
Die Erfindung funktioniert nun wie folgt: The invention now works as follows:
In der formschlüssig gehaltenen Ausgangsposition des Eintreibkolbens 4 sind die Piezoaktoren 21 spannungsfrei. Die Brennkammer ist mit Brenngas beladen und entsprechend zündfähig. Sobald der Trigger 1 1 betätigt wird und weitere Sicherheitsparameter, wie etwa ein Aufsetzen des Gerätes auf ein Werkstück, erfüllt sind, wird die Zündung mittels eines elektrischen Funkens an der Zündkerze ausgelöst. Dies definiert den Startzeitpunkt eines Timers. In the form-fitting held starting position of the driving piston 4, the piezoelectric actuators 21 are de-energized. The combustion chamber is loaded with fuel gas and ignited accordingly. As soon as the trigger 1 1 is actuated and other safety parameters, such as placing the device on a workpiece, are met, the ignition is triggered by means of an electric spark on the spark plug. This defines the start time of a timer.
Nach Ablauf einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne ist der Verbrennungsvorgang so weit fortgeschritten, dass sich bereits ein erheblich höherer Druck in der Brennkammer 2 aufgebaut hat. Der Verbrennungsvorgang ist dabei im Allgemeinen noch nicht abgeschlossen, da dies wiederum einen zu hohen Druck bedeuten würde. After a predetermined period of time, the combustion process has progressed so far that already a considerably higher pressure in the combustion chamber. 2 has built up. The combustion process is generally not yet completed, since this would mean too high a pressure.
Nach Ablauf der vorgegebenen Zeitspanne werden die Piezoaktoren 21 mit elektrischer Spannung verbunden und die Kolbenhalterung gibt den Eintreibkolben innerhalb einer sehr kurzen Zeitspanne frei. Nachfolgend wird der Eintreibkolben mittels des anliegenden Drucks sowie der weiteren Druckerhöhung durch den fortschreitenden Verbrennungsvorgang beschleunigt. Grundsätzlich ist eine erfindungsgemäße Kolbenhalterung aber auch ohne einen definierten Druckanstieg vorteilhaft verwendbar, so dass auch eine mit der Zündung des Brenngasgemisches zeitgleiche Kolbenfreigabe vorgesehen sein kann. After the predetermined period of time, the piezoelectric actuators 21 are connected to electrical voltage and the piston holder releases the driving piston within a very short period of time. Subsequently, the driving piston is accelerated by the applied pressure and the further pressure increase by the progressive combustion process. In principle, however, a piston holder according to the invention can also be advantageously used without a defined increase in pressure, so that a piston release which is simultaneous with the ignition of the fuel gas mixture can also be provided.
Bei diesem Beispiel wurde ein Druckanstieg durch die Wahl der vorgegebenen Zeitspanne bzw. Verzögerung definiert, was eine entsprechende Approximation bedeutet und eine ausreichende Reproduzierbarkeit des Verbrennungsvorgangs voraussetzt. Bei anderen Ausführungsformen können auch sensorisch erfasste Größen wie Druck und/oder Temperatur in der Brennkammer 2 als Kriterium für die Freigabe der Kolbenhalterung dienen. Die vorgegebene Zeitspanne und/oder entsprechende Schwellwerte von Messgrößen können in sinnvollen Beriechen geändert werden, um die Eintreibenergie bei Bedarf zu variieren. In this example, a pressure increase was defined by the choice of the given time delay or delay, which means a corresponding approximation and requires sufficient reproducibility of the combustion process. In other embodiments, also sensory variables such as pressure and / or temperature in the combustion chamber 2 can serve as a criterion for the release of the piston holder. The predetermined period of time and / or corresponding threshold values of measured variables can be changed in meaningful ways in order to vary the driving-in energy as required.

Claims

PATENTANSPRUECHE cLAIMS
1 . Eintreibgerät, umfassend 1 . A tacker comprising
einen in einem Zylinder (3) geführten Eintreibkolben (4) zum Eintreiben eines Nagelglieds in ein Werkstück, und  a guided in a cylinder (3) driving piston (4) for driving a nail member in a workpiece, and
eine an dem Eintreibkolben (4) angeordnete Brennkammer (2), in der im Zuge eines Eintreibvorgangs eine Druckerhöhung durch einen Verbrennungsvorgang erfolgt, wobei der Eintreibkolben (4) vor dem Eintreibvorgang mittels einer Kolbenhalterung (10) in einer Ausgangsposition gehalten ist,  a combustion chamber (2) arranged on the driving piston (4), in which, in the course of a driving operation, the pressure is increased by a combustion process, the driving piston (4) being held in a starting position by means of a piston holder (10) before the driving operation,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Kolbenhalterung (10) einen Piezoaktor (21 ) umfasst.  the piston holder (10) comprises a piezoactuator (21).
2. Eintreibgerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kolbenhalterung (10) ein mittels des Piezoaktors (21 ) betätigbares Riegelglied (18) zur insbesondere formschlüssigen Halterung des Eintreibkolbens (4) umfasst. 2. A tacker according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston holder (10) by means of the piezoelectric actuator (21) operable latch member (18) for in particular form-fitting mounting of the driving piston (4).
3. Eintreibgerät nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Piezoaktor (21 ) über ein Getriebe (22) auf das Riegelglied (18) einwirkt. 3. A tacker according to claim 2, characterized in that the piezoelectric actuator (21) via a gear (22) acts on the locking member (18).
4. Eintreibgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Piezoaktor (21 ) gegen die Kraft einer Vorspannfeder (19) abgestützt ist. 4. A tacker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piezoelectric actuator (21) is supported against the force of a biasing spring (19).
5. Eintreibgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Freigabe des Eintreibkolbens (4) mittels des Piezoaktors (21 ) mit zeitlicher Verzögerung nach einem Zündvorgang erfolgt. 5. tacker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a release of the driving piston (4) by means of the piezoelectric actuator (21) takes place with a time delay after an ignition process.
6. Eintreibgerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Freigabe in Abhängigkeit von einer Druckschwelle, einer Temperaturschwelle oder einem definierten Zeitabstand erfolgt. 6. A tacker according to claim 5, characterized in that the release takes place as a function of a pressure threshold, a temperature threshold or a defined time interval.
Eintreibgerät nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zeitliche Verzögerung einstellbar veränderbar ist. A tacker according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the time delay is adjustable adjustable.
8. Eintreibgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennkammer (2) mit einem zündfähigen Brenngasgemisch befüllbar ist. Eintreibgerät nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels eines Aufladungsglieds (7) ein Überdruck des Brenngasgemisches in der Brennkammer (2) erzeugbar ist. 8. tacker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combustion chamber (2) can be filled with an ignitable fuel gas mixture. A tacker according to claim 8, characterized in that by means of a charging member (7) an overpressure of the fuel gas mixture in the combustion chamber (2) can be generated.
Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Eintreibgerätes, insbesondere nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend die Schritte: Method for operating a tacker, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps:
a. Halten eines Eintreibkolbens (4) in einer Ausgangsposition mittels einer Kolbenhalterung (10); a. Holding a driving piston (4) in an initial position by means of a piston holder (10);
b. Zünden eines Verbrennungsvorgangs in einer Brennkammer (2) unter Erhöhung eines auf den Eintreibkolben (4) wirkenden Drucks; b. Igniting a combustion process in a combustion chamber (2) by increasing a pressure acting on the drive piston (4);
c. Freigabe des Eintreibkolbens (4) mittels eines elektrischen Signals an die Kolbenhalterung (10), nachdem ein definierter Druckanstieg stattgefunden hat. c. Release of the driving piston (4) by means of an electrical signal to the piston holder (10) after a defined increase in pressure has taken place.
EP16806130.7A 2015-12-18 2016-12-07 Internal combustion operated driving tool Active EP3389930B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP15201045.0A EP3181295A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 Internal combustion operated driving tool
PCT/EP2016/079976 WO2017102469A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2016-12-07 Driver device operated by means of combustible gas

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EP3181295A1 (en) 2017-06-21
TW201722643A (en) 2017-07-01
EP3389930B1 (en) 2020-06-24
US20180370003A1 (en) 2018-12-27
WO2017102469A1 (en) 2017-06-22
TWI630991B (en) 2018-08-01

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