EP3388598A1 - Procédé de construction d'une piscine, coulé sur place - Google Patents

Procédé de construction d'une piscine, coulé sur place Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3388598A1
EP3388598A1 EP18166381.6A EP18166381A EP3388598A1 EP 3388598 A1 EP3388598 A1 EP 3388598A1 EP 18166381 A EP18166381 A EP 18166381A EP 3388598 A1 EP3388598 A1 EP 3388598A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
calcareous
binding agent
percentage
mixture
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18166381.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3388598B1 (fr
Inventor
Gianluca Casadio
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
    • E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for providing artificial basins, swimming pools, and the like.
  • Construction technologies very similar to those used by set designers in reconstructing landscapes for cinema or theatrical use are used in order to provide this type of basin.
  • the sheath pressed by the pressure of the water (which is applied through the covering and structural layers) on the walls of the excavation, is not subjected to any mechanical load but performs only the liquid containment function.
  • the shape of the basin, the particular contour of its surface, as well as the aesthetic appearance and the superficial characteristics of the material that constitutes it will depend solely on the raw materials used.
  • this embodiment too, has considerable problems: first of all, the waterproofing performed with the deepest layer (the sheath rested on the ground of the excavation) entails a constant impregnation of the structural, supporting and decorative layers. This impregnation entails the stagnation of water, with the consequent forming of algae and an overall aesthetic deterioration (but also a functional one, since some surfaces can become slimy and therefore dangerous).
  • the prolonged impregnation might moreover cause degradation of the mechanical properties of such layers: the superimposed layers might lose elasticity and rigidity.
  • the forming of a crack in these layers might generate a sharp edge which, in contact with the lower sheath, might compromise the functionality of the artificial basin.
  • the aim of the present invention is to solve the above mentioned problems, by proposing a method for providing artificial basins, swimming pools, and the like with water-repellent surfaces that resemble, in their appearance and shape, natural environments.
  • an object of the invention is to propose a method for providing artificial basins, swimming pools, and the like that are not subject to the forming of algae.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a method for providing artificial basins, swimming pools, and the like with procedures that are easy and quick to perform and utilize the same principle of impermeableness of natural basins.
  • an artificial basin provided by means of a method according to the invention is generally designated by the reference numeral 1.
  • the method for providing artificial basins 1, swimming pools and the like entails the execution of a series of consecutive steps.
  • a first step A it is necessary to perform the excavation 2 of the basin, according to the design specifications, in the ground 3 of the area where one wishes to perform the installation.
  • step B wherein a first layer 4 of non-woven fabric is arranged on the entire surface of the excavation 2 (which will constitute the containment storage of the artificial basin 1).
  • a subsequent step C it is necessary to arrange the equipment 5 and the piping 6 for feeding and draining water on the first layer 4 of non-woven fabric.
  • a step D it is necessary to spread on the first layer 4 of non-woven fabric and on the overlying equipment 5 and piping 6 a second layer 7 constituted by a mixture of water, calcareous-siliceous binding agent, sand with low particle size value, and acrylic resin in a percentage that is variable between 1% and 10% with respect to the calcareous binding agent.
  • the acrylic resin present in the layer 7 has the purpose of rendering it suitable for the optimum adhesion of additional covering layers thereof: therefore it behaves like a "grip promoting agent” or a "primer” to facilitate the correct mating with the upper layers.
  • this layer 7 ensures that the surface on which the subsequent covering layers will be deposited is perfectly suitable to ensure perfect adhesion thereof, allowing to obtain the best structural performance from the artificial basin 1 that will be provided.
  • the most abundant component is water, in order to ensure the maximum fluidity of the mixture and facilitate its distribution and diffusion (as well as the possible impregnation, even an only partial one, of the first layer 4 made of non-woven fabric).
  • a subsequent step E provides for the distribution of a third layer 8 constituted by an at least partially impermeable mixture of water, calcareous-siliceous binding agent, sand with low particle size value, in a percentage that is variable between 1% and 10% with respect to the calcareous binding agent, fibers of silica, glass, and the like, having a length comprised between 1.0 cm and 6 cm (referred to the length of the individual filaments of fiber), and material that can be shaped with a low relative density, preferably chosen from cork chips, granules of expanded polymeric material, and the like.
  • the layer 8 is at least partially impermeable is due to the inherent characteristics of the materials that constitute it in the particular formulation with which they are combined. Impermeableness can be also ensured totally, as a function of the specific requirements of each individual project to be executed.
  • the material used is within the broad type of materials for building artificial basins devised by the same Applicant of the present application and known commercially as Idrocon® (and at least partially described in the following prior patents in the name of the same Applicant: no. 1363172 , no. 1363726 and no. 1417981 ).
  • This third layer 8 by virtue of presence of fibers made of siliceous material, glass fibers and the like, has excellent mechanical properties and therefore is suitable to give the basin 1 being built the correct rigidity and the necessary dimensional stability.
  • the consolidation of the third layer 8 which can occur in short times (substantially measurable in minutes and/or tens of minutes) or also in significantly longer times (days) depending on the climate conditions and the dosages of the various components of the mixture constituting the layer 8, it is possible to proceed with the shaping of the surface of said layer 8 with abrasive tools and instruments, until it is rendered fully even and compliant with the design standards.
  • the layer 8 is the thickest one (on the order of about ten centimeters, although versions in which the thickness of the layer 8 is even much greater or lower are not excluded).
  • Rasps, files, saws, and tools provided with abrasive belts and/or disks for cutting and the like can be used for the shaping operations.
  • step F in which it is necessary to spread at least one fourth layer 9, constituted by a mixture of water, calcareous-siliceous binding agent, sand with low particle size value, and resin in a percentage that is variable between 1% and 10% with respect to the calcareous binding agent, and at least one structural mesh made of fiber of silica, glass, and the like, with at least unidirectional mechanical properties.
  • the mesh used inside the fourth layer 9 has a high tensile strength with respect to at least one particular predefined direction: in this manner the mesh, being embedded in the mixture of the fourth layer 9, is rigidly coupled to the surfaces of the basin 1 being provided, giving it a high mechanical strength in the privileged direction (or directions) of traction identified thereby.
  • the meshes may be arranged so as to privilege that direction.
  • a fifth impermeable (finishing) layer 11 constituted by a mixture of water, light-colored calcareous-siliceous binding agent, siliceous sands with low particle size value, acrylic resin in a percentage that can vary between 1% and 10% with respect to the calcareous binding agent, and fibers of silica, glass, and the like, having a length comprised between 1.0 cm and 6 cm (referred to the length of the individual filaments of fiber).
  • the impermeableness can be partial or total according to the requirements expressed in the design; the level of impermeableness is obtained from the particular dosage of the components of the mixture used to provide the layer 11.
  • the layer 11 comprises advantageously also silicone-based additives in powder form to increase the degree of surface impermeableness of the layer 11 itself, which are present in a percentage that can vary between 0.1% and 1% with respect to the calcareous binding agent.
  • This layer 11 (having structural properties) gives the walls and the bottom of the basin 1 the necessary elasticity, i.e., preventing impacts or mechanical loads from producing fractures or cracks.
  • the length of the reinforcement fibers used is in fact such as to ensure the best cohesion between each portion of the basin 1 and the contiguous ones.
  • a sixth and final finishing layer 12 constituted by a mixture of water, calcareous-siliceous binding agent, sand, having the final color to be given to the artificial basin being provided, with a particle size that is variable between 0.01 mm and 1.8 mm, silicone-based additives in powder form to increase the degree of surface impermeableness of the layer in a percentage that is variable between 0.1% and 1% with respect to the calcareous binding agent, acrylic resin in a percentage that can vary between 1% and 10% with respect to the calcareous binding agent.
  • This sixth layer 12 (also impermeable) has the purpose of contributing to the final appearance of the basin 1, having the color of the sand used in the mixture and also the surface roughness that depends on the particle size of the sand itself.
  • the impermeableness of the layer 12 is obtained through a higher dosage of siliceous sands in the constituting mixture.
  • the acrylic resin present in the mixture ensures the mutual adhesion of the various layers 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, while the impermeableness is ensured by the silica crystals that will form naturally during the "maturing" of the layers (understood as the set of chemical-physical processes that occur in the layers 7, 8, 9, 10 during their consolidation).
  • the method according to the invention ensures that each one of the superimposed layers 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 is independently water-repellent (in an at least partial manner), avoiding any impregnation of the layers 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 themselves, with consequent preservation of the initial mechanical properties and of the original aesthetic characteristics of the basin 1 and/or the swimming pool for an indefinite time. It is clear that this embodiment allows to obtain basins 1 and/or swimming pools that are substantially free from the forming of algae inside the layers 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 and are subjected to minimal bacterial proliferation (because areas of water stagnation that cannot be reached during cleaning are substantially absent).
  • the step A for providing the excavation 2 entails that advantageously the respective walls 13 can have an inclination comprised between 30° and 80° and are surrounded by slightly downward sloping areas 14 that constitute wide steps and perimetric beaches.
  • the specified inclinations ensure optimum adhesion of the layers 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, which are distributed preferably by spraying the mixtures (by means of specific tools of any type and shape), although the use of pouring and/or manual distribution of the mixtures is not excluded.
  • the structural tension member is of the type of threaded bars, rods, cables and the like, and can then be secured subsequently in a rigid and stable manner to the layers 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 subsequently superimposed on the layer 4 of non-woven fabric for their rigid coupling to the walls 13 of the excavation 2.
  • the equipment 5 and the piping 6, arranged above the first layer 4 of non-woven fabric can be conveniently coupled to it by means of castings provided by means of a mixture of inert materials and calcareous-siliceous binding agent, arranging the piping 6 so that only portions of rigid or flexible pipes protrude toward the inside of the concavity of the excavation 2.
  • the calcareous binding agent used may be constituted by concrete, although it is not excluded to use other types of calcareous binding agents (for example, still with a cement matrix, but differently provided with additives and/or modified, and/or binding agents in which concrete constitutes a minor and/or negligible part).
  • the mixture used to provide the second layer 7 is constituted by a part of solid premix, which comprises calcareous-siliceous binding agent and sand with low particle size, and a part of a mixture of water and acrylic resin (the latter in a low percentage in order to prevent the layer 7, once finished, from having a rubbery consistency: said layer 7 in fact must be substantially rigid).
  • the mixture of water and acrylic resin facilitates the impregnation of the non-woven fabric that constitutes the first layer 4, with a consequent increase of the cohesion of the second layer 7 with the non-woven fabric proper.
  • the fibers of silica, glass and the like comprised in the third layer 8 have a length comprised between 1.2 cm and 5 cm and are present in a percentage comprised between 3% and 5%.
  • This concentration and this length allow to obtain the mechanical characteristics most suitable for the purpose, combining rigidity and elasticity of the material, without introducing tangible weight increases thereof.
  • the material of the third layer 8 is mixed by means of a cement mixer, with the addition of water and acrylic resin (the latter in a low percentage in order to prevent the layer 8, once finished, from possibly having a rubbery consistency: this layer 8, too, in fact must be substantially rigid).
  • the acrylic resin is present with respect to the water in a percentage that can vary from 1% up to 10% with reference to the weight of the calcareous binding agent.
  • the third layer 8 has a substantially uniform thickness comprised between 2 cm and 10 cm, preferably between 3 cm and 5 cm, covering completely the excavation 2 to the end of the perimetric beaches 14.
  • the third layer 8 may favorably comprise shaped solid components made of material with low relative density, of the type of an expanded polymer, and arranged so as to rest on the second layer 7.
  • These shaped solid components are preferably chosen among steps, seats, decorative sculpted blocks, functional sculpted blocks, and the like.
  • steps, seats, decorative sculpted blocks, functional sculpted blocks, and the like By way of example, the possibility is noted to provide slides, seats and/or areas with particular shapes giving a scenographic effect which, once covered by the subsequent layers 9, 10, 11, 12, will have the same aesthetic appearance as the rest of the basin 1 and/or swimming pool (and therefore will be completely embedded and integrated therein).
  • the fourth layer 9 (and also any additional fourth layers 10 superimposed on the fourth layer 9) may validly comprise a superimposition of at least two stratifications: at least one first stratification comprises at least a mesh with at least unidirectional mechanical properties along the direction of the length of the basin 1, at least one second stratification comprising at least one mesh with at least unidirectional mechanical properties along the direction of the width of the basin 1.
  • each layer 9 (and optionally the layer 10 superimposed on it) may comprise multiple meshes distributed with a different orientation in order to ensure that a mechanical behavior compliant with design requirements is obtained.
  • the meshes used will have a tensile strength, along the at least one direction of intervention, of no less than 2100 N for each strip having a width of 5 cm.
  • the impermeable finishing fifth layer 11 and sixth layer 12 may conveniently comprise sand with a particle size that can vary between 0.02 mm and 1.5 mm, acrylic resin in a percentage that can vary between 3% and 7% with respect to the water and anti-filming additives, to avoid the forming of surface films on the layer, and anti-cracking additives, to avoid cracks of the layer 12.
  • the sixth impermeable layer 12 may advantageously undergo, within 3-5 hours after its spreading, combing of the silica sands by means of polymeric spatulas in order to highlight the surface and optimize it aesthetically and make it more uniform and smoother: this operation will make each grain of sand more visible, giving a particularly pleasant overall appearance. It is not excluded, in any case, that the same treatment might be performed also to the layer 11.
  • the mechanical performance of the basin 1 according to the invention is ensured also by the presence of the structural meshes made of silica fiber (or glass fiber).
  • the layers 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 have a thickness of a few centimeters (indicatively between 1 and 5 cm); the layer 8 alone is thicker, even up to about ten centimeters (constructive solutions in which said layer 8 has a thickness of even more than 10 cm are not excluded).
  • all the layers 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 may preferably comprise acrylic resin in a percentage comprised between 3% and 7% with respect to the calcareous binding agent.
  • the present invention solves the above mentioned problems, proposing a method for providing artificial basins 1, swimming pools, and the like with water-repellent surfaces that resemble, in their appearance and shape, natural environments.
  • the method according to the invention allows to produce artificial basins 1 and/or swimming pools that are not subject to the forming of algae, preventing the forming of pockets of stagnation of water inside the walls of the basin 1 itself.
  • the method according to the invention is easy to perform.
  • the method for providing artificial basins 1, swimming pools and the like according to the invention can be performed with modest costs in a substantially simple manner: these characteristics make the method according to the invention an innovation of assured application.
  • the distribution of the mixtures on the underlying layers may be performed by spray casting, of the type used in spray-mix distribution or the like.
  • the most suitable production method in the manufacturing process is the spray method.
  • the glass fibers in the form of a continuous bundle, are inserted in a gun that gives the fibers the desired length (for example 30 to 50 mm) and propels them together with the mortar directly onto the layers below.
  • the materials used, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
EP18166381.6A 2017-04-10 2018-04-09 Procédé de construction d'une piscine, coulé sur place Active EP3388598B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000038974A IT201700038974A1 (it) 2017-04-10 2017-04-10 Processo di realizzazione di bacini artificiali, piscine e simili

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3388598A1 true EP3388598A1 (fr) 2018-10-17
EP3388598B1 EP3388598B1 (fr) 2020-11-04

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EP18166381.6A Active EP3388598B1 (fr) 2017-04-10 2018-04-09 Procédé de construction d'une piscine, coulé sur place

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EP (1) EP3388598B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT201700038974A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113582595A (zh) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-02 合肥工业大学 一种功能梯度混凝土复合垃圾池及制作方法
EP4008856A1 (fr) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-08 Gianluca Casadio Procédé permettant de fournir des bassins artificiels, des piscines et similaires
RU2786956C1 (ru) * 2022-07-14 2022-12-26 Виктор Юрьевич Белоглазов Способ формирования бассейна

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU8252182A (en) * 1981-04-09 1983-04-21 Hribar, B.F. Cementitious laminated swimming pool
DE102007041442A1 (de) * 2007-08-30 2009-05-28 Martin Traub Schwimmbecken
US20090183461A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2009-07-23 Ecopool Sas Manufacturing process of swimming pools, ponds and other similar areas of water
WO2013124284A1 (fr) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-29 Biodesign S.R.L. Bassin pour piscines, étangs artificiels et analogue, et procédé de formation de bassin

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU8252182A (en) * 1981-04-09 1983-04-21 Hribar, B.F. Cementitious laminated swimming pool
US20090183461A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2009-07-23 Ecopool Sas Manufacturing process of swimming pools, ponds and other similar areas of water
DE102007041442A1 (de) * 2007-08-30 2009-05-28 Martin Traub Schwimmbecken
WO2013124284A1 (fr) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-29 Biodesign S.R.L. Bassin pour piscines, étangs artificiels et analogue, et procédé de formation de bassin

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4008856A1 (fr) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-08 Gianluca Casadio Procédé permettant de fournir des bassins artificiels, des piscines et similaires
CN113582595A (zh) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-02 合肥工业大学 一种功能梯度混凝土复合垃圾池及制作方法
RU2786956C1 (ru) * 2022-07-14 2022-12-26 Виктор Юрьевич Белоглазов Способ формирования бассейна

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT201700038974A1 (it) 2018-10-10
EP3388598B1 (fr) 2020-11-04

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