EP3382663A1 - Verfahren zur erzeugung und vermischung in einem fahrzeug einer audio alarm warnhinweise und entsprechendes apparat - Google Patents

Verfahren zur erzeugung und vermischung in einem fahrzeug einer audio alarm warnhinweise und entsprechendes apparat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3382663A1
EP3382663A1 EP18164555.7A EP18164555A EP3382663A1 EP 3382663 A1 EP3382663 A1 EP 3382663A1 EP 18164555 A EP18164555 A EP 18164555A EP 3382663 A1 EP3382663 A1 EP 3382663A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm
audio signal
audio
acoustic
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP18164555.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3382663B1 (de
Inventor
Gianluca MAGLIO
Paolo Massimino
Matteo GHIAZZA
Gianmarco CATALDO
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Marelli Europe SpA
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Magneti Marelli SpA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
    • G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/10—Monitoring of the annunciator circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to techniques for generating and propagating an audio alarm warning in a vehicle, in particular an automotive vehicle or a motorcycle, with a given class of risk in regard to functional safety.
  • ISO26262 In the field of electronic safety, in particular applied to the automotive sector, standards apply for ensuring functional safety.
  • ISO26262 standard regards functional safety of road vehicles, with reference to safety of the electrical and/or electronic systems in production automobiles and has been defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 2011.
  • the above standards require, for example, that the audio alarms emitted by a vehicle, in particular within the passenger compartment, for an alarm warning that can notify that the safety belts are not fastened, or else lane departure, or else a parking distance, must be emitted via components and procedures that comply with a given safety level, for example an ASIL (Automotive Safety Integrity Level) in such a way that the presence of a known acoustic alarm within an audio stream that is sent to the speaker or audio-player systems is verified in a safe way.
  • ASIL Automatic Safety Integrity Level
  • this is obtained by generating the alarm signals necessary in a digital way, for example by processing them via a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) circuit and sending them to an amplifier that creates an amplified analog signal for a speaker, which propagates the alarm signal within the passenger compartment, generation of the alarm signals being carried out via an electronic module, usually a SoC (System-on-Chip), in which all the components respect the required class of risk or safety level, for example ASIL.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • SoC System-on-Chip
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for generating and propagating an audio alarm warning in a vehicle with a given required safety level that will be less costly.
  • the above object is achieved thanks to a method for generating and propagating an audio alarm warning in a vehicle, as well as to a corresponding apparatus for generating and propagating an audio alarm warning in a vehicle that present the characteristics recalled specifically in the ensuing claims.
  • the solution described herein envisages insertion, within the alarm to be verified, of encoded information, preferably such as to be non-audible to the human ear, which is able to carry information useful for determining the presence of the signal in question.
  • the final result is determination of the presence or absence of the alarm to be verified within the digital or analog audio stream.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram representing an apparatus for generating and propagating an audio alarm acoustic warning AL, designated as a whole by the reference number 10, which implements the method described herein.
  • Designated by the reference number 11 is an electronic module, more specifically a SoC (System-on-Chip), configured for generating a digital audio signal SD, which is then supplied to an amplifier 13, which in turn supplies at output an analog audio signal SA to a audio-player apparatus 14, specifically a speaker, which propagates an audio alarm acoustic warning AL in the passenger compartment of a vehicle.
  • the audio-player apparatus 14 may correspond to a dedicated speaker, such as a stereo speaker with which the vehicle is equipped.
  • a control module 12 which may, for example, be obtained via the microprocessor or control unit of the vehicle responsible for the safety functions (for example, the instrument panel, the body computer, etc.).
  • the control module 12 in practice receives sensor signals S from one or more sensors of the vehicle (not represented in Figure 1 ), which contain measurement values, for example measured values of pressure of the tyres, or else alarm warnings processed locally by the sensor on the basis of the measurements or detections, for example an alarm notifying that the safety belts are not fastened, or an LDW (Lane-Departure Warning), alarms concerning breakdown of driver-assistance or autonomous-drive systems, etc.
  • measurement values for example measured values of pressure of the tyres
  • alarm warnings processed locally by the sensor on the basis of the measurements or detections, for example an alarm notifying that the safety belts are not fastened, or an LDW (Lane-Departure Warning), alarms concerning breakdown of driver-assistance or autonomous-drive systems, etc.
  • the module 11 for generation of a digital audio signal SD comprises a memory module 111, stored in which is a plurality of combined alarm messages, M 1 , M 2 , ..., M i , ..., M n , where n is the number of combined alarm messages M i stored and i is the index of the generic i-th combined alarm message.
  • Each i-th combined alarm message M i comprises an acoustic-alarm audio signal A i , which corresponds to a warning for a given type of alarm, for example a repeated tone to notify that a safety belt is not fastened.
  • the acoustic-alarm audio signal A i is preferably stored as a compressed audio file, for example of an MP3 (Moving Picture Expert Group-1/2 Audio Layer 3) type, even though other types of compression algorithms may be applied.
  • the acoustic-alarm audio signal A i is stored in the combined alarm message M i associated to an alarm-identifier signal C i , which is a signal encoded in which, via digital encoding, is an alarm-identifier code c i , for example a number expressed in binary code.
  • This digital encoding is, for example, obtained via PM (Phase Modulation) with minimal spectral occupation, such as to reach bit rates of 100 b/s or higher.
  • Figure 3A represents in this regard the frequency spectrum f of the combined alarm message M i , which comprises a first frequency band of the acoustic-alarm audio signal A i , which is preferably comprised in the human audible frequency range, for example, between 50 Hz and 20 kHz, and a second frequency band, which is the frequency band of the alarm-identifier signal C i and is preferably located at the upper limit of the first frequency band, hence around the upper limit or beyond the upper limit of the first frequency band, in particular the band of the audible frequencies, for example around 19-20 kHz. Thanks to the particular characteristics of frequency and amplitude, the encoding signal C i will thus be substantially non-audible to the human ear.
  • the alarm-identifier signal C i and the acoustic-alarm audio signal A i are signals having the spectra shown in Figure 3A .
  • the message M i in the time domain which substantially corresponds to the superposition, i.e., to the summation of the acoustic-alarm audio signal A i and of the alarm-identifier signal C i , compressed via encoding, for example, MP3 encoding.
  • M k Designated herein by M k is the combined alarm message read from the memory module 111 following upon a request RQ i made by the control module 12 because it is necessary to verify that the combined alarm message read M k corresponds to the combined alarm message M i selected.
  • the combined alarm message read M k is then sent to a processing module 112 comprised in the electronic module 11, for example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) module, which carries out the signal-processing operations necessary for supplying a digital audio signal SD to the amplifier 13, which in turn derives the analog audio signal SA for driving the speaker 14.
  • the processing module 12 carries out, for example, decompression of the combined message read M k , compressed with MP3 compression, and operates as digital player.
  • a code-extraction module 113 which selects from the combined audio message read M k , for example via frequency filtering, for instance via a band-pass filter with characteristics substantially corresponding, as regards central frequency and bandwidth, to those of the identification signal C i , the identification signal C k and, moreover, extracts from the identification signal C k filtered, the identifier code c k , carrying out digital decoding, in the case described by decoding the phase-modulation encoding.
  • the identifier code c k is obtained, which, as has been said, is, for example, a number expressed in binary code, e.g., 0101.
  • the above identifier code c k is sent to the control module 12 to verify that it corresponds to the identifier code c i of the combined audio message M i selected.
  • the control module 12 is an electronic component distinguished by a first class of risk L1, for example a given integrity level, specifically a given ASIL (Automotive Safety Integrity Level).
  • the memory module 111 presents a second class of risk L2, which is lower than the first class of risk L1, for example of a QM (Quality Management) type.
  • the second class of risk L2 may correspond to a lower ASIL; for example, the control module 12 has an ASIL D, which is the highest level, whereas the memory module 12 has an ASIL A.
  • control module 12 is distinguished by the first class of risk L1
  • processing module 112 the code-extraction module 113, the amplifier 13, and the audio-player systems 14 are distinguished by the second, lower, class of risk L2.
  • the control module 12 is configured for evaluating the content of the sensor signals S, measurements or warnings, and, if the content so requires, for sending to the module 11 for generation of a digital audio signal SD a request RQ i , as mentioned previously, that identifies, in the example described herein via the index i that operates as pointer to the combined message M i to be selected, a specific alarm warning to be generated and propagated as audio alarm acoustic warning AL in response to the warnings in the sensor signals S.
  • the module 11 for generation of a digital audio signal SD is configured for fetching, from the memory module 111, the combined message M i with index corresponding to the request RQ i and sending it to the speaker 14 so that it is emitted as audio alarm acoustic warning AL, via the chain of modules 11, 13, 14 described above.
  • an error-correction code CRC k is calculated by computing the checksum of the file corresponding to the combined alarm message M k read and is sent to the control module 12 for checking integrity of the combined alarm message M k .
  • the control module 12 following upon this check, finds that the combined alarm message read M k is not intact, it inhibits operation of the apparatus 10 or sends a recovery command CMM as described in greater detail in what follows.
  • the identifier code c k of the message M k read is sent to the control module 12 by the code-extraction module 113 so that the control module 12 will verify that the identifier code c k of the combined message M k read corresponds to the alarm that is actually to be notified, distinguished by the index i.
  • control module 12 which operates with the first class of risk L1, following upon the result of the verification, can validate or not the identifier code c k read.
  • the control module 12 If the identifier code read c k is validated, for example the control module 12 does not carry out any action, and the alarm warning AL is propagated through the audio-player system 14. If the identifier code c i is not validated, for example the control module 12 issues a command for carrying out a recovery action CMM on a bus 15 that distributes the signals to the electronic modules and control units of the vehicle, for example a CAN (Controller Area Network) Bus. It should be noted that also the sensor signals S are preferably carried by the sensors on said CAN Bus to the control module 12.
  • the above recovery action CMM may, for example, envisage repeating the request RQ i , i.e., repeating generation of the audio signal by the generation module 11, or else issuing a command for issuing an alternative warning, possibly via a different audio device.
  • the apparatus of Figure 1 hence makes it possible to obtain a validation at the level of the first class of risk L1, via the control module 12 that is distinguished by the aforesaid first class of risk L1, carrying out a safe monitoring of emission of the correct alarm warning AL, even though the modules for generating a digital audio signal SD do not present the required safety level, i.e., class L1, but a lower level, i.e., class L2.
  • Figure 3C hence shows a frequency spectrum resulting from the sum of the combined message M i and of the other audio signals e, as obtained from the reduction of volume of the other audio signals E originated by the module 11.
  • a sum signal U sums the amplitudes in the first frequency band, i.e., the audible frequency band, but the identification signal C i is not modified.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically, but in greater detail, the apparatus 10 of Figure 1 .
  • a module for calculation of the error-correction code 1111 which calculates the error-correction code CRC k , i.e., the checksum of the message M k read to be supplied to the control module 12 in order to verify whether the message M k is corrupt.
  • the processing module 112 comprises a decompression module 1121, which supplies a decompressed signal dM i to a digital audio-player module 1122, which generates the digital audio signal AD.
  • the code-extraction module 113 comprises a filtering module 1131, for example a band-pass filter, with central frequency and bandwidth corresponding to those of the identification signal C i , so as to receive the digital signal AD and supply at output just the identification signal C k on the message M k read.
  • This identification signal C k is then received by a decoding module 1132, which is configured for decoding the modulation encoding, for example, the phase modulation, and supplying the value, in particular the binary value, of the code c k of the combined audio message M k read from the memory 111 to the control module 12.
  • the processing module 112 and the extraction module 113 are preferably implemented via the DSP module itself, which in Figure 2 is represented by a dashed block designated by the reference 114.
  • the control module 12 comprises a further memory 121, stored in which are the error-correction codes CRC 1 , ..., CRC n corresponding to the combined messages M 1 , ..., M n in the memory module 111, so that the error-correction code CRC k calculated in the module 1111 can be compared in the module 12 with the error-correction code stored in order to check the integrity of the message M i .
  • the control module 12 comprises a memory 122, stored in which are the identifier codes c 1 , ..., c n corresponding to the combined messages M 1 , ..., M n in the memory 111, so that the identifier code c k extracted by the code-extraction module 113 can be compared with the identifier code c i stored, to which the index i of the request RQ i points.
  • Designated by 123 is a first logic module of the control module 12, which receives the sensor signals S and generates the corresponding alarm request RQ i .
  • the index i of the alarm request RQ i is also sent to a second logic module 124, which is configured for verifying the identifier code c k coming from the code-extraction module 113 and the error-correction code CRC k coming from the calculation module 1111.
  • the second logic module 124 uses the index i as pointer for accessing, in the memories 121 and 122, the identifier code c i and the error-correction code CRC i corresponding to the alarm request RQ i and for comparing them with the identifier code c k and the error-correction code CRC k of the combined audio message M k read from the memory 111 that are received via the modules 113 and 1111.
  • the second logic module 124 is then configured for operating also as decider block and, on the basis of the result of the operations of verification on the identifier code and on the error-correction code, for governing actions, for example for issuing the recovery command CMM. It is clear that the logic modules 123 and 124 are preferably implemented via the same programmed microprocessor of the control module 12, and likewise the memories 121 and 122 may preferably be obtained from a memory of the control module or microprocessor itself.
  • Figure 4 shows a flowchart representing the method for generating and propagating in a vehicle an audio alarm acoustic warning AL having a given required first class of risk L1, in particular implemented in the apparatus 10 of Figure 1 .
  • Designated by 105 is an operation of storing in memory means, in particular in the memory module 111, that present the second class of risk L2 lower than the first class L1, a plurality of combined audio signals M 1 , ..., M n that comprise acoustic-alarm audio signals A i associated to respective identification signals C i , which represent respective identifier codes c i .
  • the acoustic-alarm audio signals A i have a frequency spectrum in a respective band in the audio range
  • the identification signals C i have a spectrum located in a respective frequency band centred at a frequency higher than the frequencies of the band of the acoustic-alarm audio signal A i .
  • Designated by 110 is an operation of evaluating, in the control module 12, the sensor signals S and sending or not, to the generation module 11, an alarm request RQ i for a specific acoustic-alarm audio signal A i , on the basis of the contents of the sensor signals S.
  • Designated by 120 is an operation of reading, in the plurality of combined audio signals M i , the combined audio signal M i to be selected according to the request RQ i and corresponding to an acoustic-alarm audio signal A i to be propagated as audio alarm acoustic warning AL.
  • the combined audio message M k actually read, the correspondence of which to the combined message M i to be selected is to be verified, is subjected, in the course of the operation 120, to an operation of calculation of the error-correction code CRC k , for example in the module 1111 of Figure 2 , the code CRC k being sent on to an operation 140 of error-correction-code verification.
  • Designated by 125 is an operation of processing the above combined audio message M k via processing means 112, in particular having the second class of risk L2.
  • the combined audio message M k is then sent on to an audio-playing step 190, for example via the amplifier 13 and the speaker 14.
  • Designated by 130 is the operation of extracting, downstream of the processing means 112 via the code-extraction module 113, which carries out a frequency filtering, the identification signal C k from the combined audio message M k read from the memory 111 and extracting the identifier code c k from the identification signal C k .
  • Designated by 150 is an operation of verifying the correspondence between the identifier code c k and the audio signal A i of the alarm warning AL to be notified, i.e., verifying the correspondence with the identifier code c i corresponding to the request RQ i , in the control module 12, in particular, the microprocessor, having the first class of risk L1.
  • step 150 In the case of positive outcome in step 150, i.e., in the case where the identifier code c k read from the memory 111 is validated, namely, it corresponds to the identifier code c i required via the request RQ i , in the decision step 160 a command is issued not to carry out any action, and the alarm warning AL is propagated through the audio-player systems 14.
  • step 150 In the case of negative outcome in step 150, i.e., if the identifier code c k read from the memory 111 in step 120 and extracted in step 130 is not validated, for example in the decision step 160 a command is issued for carrying out an action of recovery CMM on a bus 15 that distributes the signals to the electronic modules and control units of the vehicle, for example a CAN Bus.
  • This recovery action CMM may, for example, envisage repeating the request RQ i , i.e., repeating generation of the audio signal by the module 11, or else governing issuing of an alternative warning, possibly via a different audio device.
  • Figure 5 shows a diagram that represents a spectrum of the message M i actually measured.
  • the signal A i in this case has a peak around 500 Hz, in the frequency range of audible signals, whereas the identification signal C i has a peak at approximately 20 kHz.
  • FIGS 6A, 6B, and 6C represent three possible different embodiments of the method and apparatus described herein.
  • the identification signal C k is acquired upstream of the amplifier 13, as in Figure 1 .
  • the identification signal C i is acquired downstream of the amplifier 13 and upstream of the audio-player systems 14. Since the signal is analog, it is supplied to an analog-to-digital converter 16 so that the signal can be sent back to the module 12.
  • the identification signal C i is acquired downstream of the audio-player systems 14 via a microphone 17 and the analog-to-digital converter 16.
  • At least the memory module 111 and the processing module 112 are distinguished by the second class of risk L2, for example QM, whereas at least the control module 12 is distinguished by the first class of risk L1, for example ASIL D.
  • the module 112 belongs to the lower class of risk.
  • the method and apparatus described enable generation of an alarm with the desired class of risk, using components with a lower class of risk and hence less costly. This is obtained by using an encoding of the alarms that advantageously does not disturb reproduction of the signal.
  • the first frequency band, of the acoustic-alarm audio signal is in the audible frequency range.
  • the first frequency band may have portions also outside of the audible frequency range.
  • the second frequency band, of the identifier signal is preferably set at the upper limit or beyond the upper limit of the frequencies of the first frequency band of the acoustic-alarm audio signals, in order not to disturb reproduction of the audio signal, but falling within the scope of the solution described herein are also other positionings in frequency of the second frequency band of the identifier signal.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
EP18164555.7A 2017-03-31 2018-03-28 Verfahren zur erzeugung und vermischung in einem fahrzeug einer audio alarm warnhinweise und entsprechendes apparat Active EP3382663B1 (de)

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IT102017000035966A IT201700035966A1 (it) 2017-03-31 2017-03-31 "Procedimento per generare e diffondere un segnale di allarme audio in un veicolo e relativa apparecchiatura"

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EP3382663B1 EP3382663B1 (de) 2019-11-27

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4273823A1 (de) * 2022-05-06 2023-11-08 Nxp B.V. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von audioalarmen
EP4325893A1 (de) * 2022-08-16 2024-02-21 Aptiv Technologies Limited Überwachung der audiowiedergabe für automobilanwendungen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100161089A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Thales Device for generating sound messages with integrated defect detection
US20150289072A1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2015-10-08 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Safe audio playback in a human-machine interface

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100161089A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Thales Device for generating sound messages with integrated defect detection
US20150289072A1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2015-10-08 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Safe audio playback in a human-machine interface

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4273823A1 (de) * 2022-05-06 2023-11-08 Nxp B.V. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von audioalarmen
EP4325893A1 (de) * 2022-08-16 2024-02-21 Aptiv Technologies Limited Überwachung der audiowiedergabe für automobilanwendungen

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IT201700035966A1 (it) 2018-10-01

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