EP3381618B1 - Pressing means for pressing a fitting - Google Patents

Pressing means for pressing a fitting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3381618B1
EP3381618B1 EP18163087.2A EP18163087A EP3381618B1 EP 3381618 B1 EP3381618 B1 EP 3381618B1 EP 18163087 A EP18163087 A EP 18163087A EP 3381618 B1 EP3381618 B1 EP 3381618B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pressing
fitting
elements
contour
pipe
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EP18163087.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3381618A1 (en
Inventor
Reiner Mester
Jörg Rosenthal
Philipp Dasbach
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Viega Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Viega Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3381618A1 publication Critical patent/EP3381618A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressing means for pressing a fitting for sealing connection with a pipe, with at least two pressing elements with a receiving area for receiving a fitting with a pipe and with a pressing contour formed on the inside of the pressing elements, the pressing elements being pivotably connected to one another in an open position at the end having the pressing contour and are at a smaller distance after the end of the pressing or are in contact with one another and thereby form a closing plane and wherein the pressing contour has a pressing area for sealing pressing of the fitting, in particular a bead of a fitting having a sealing agent, and Has press webs for fixing pressing of the fitting.
  • a fitting is basically understood to be a connecting piece of a pipeline and is most commonly used to connect two or more pipe sections. Accordingly, the fitting has two or more pressing sections.
  • the most common fittings include straight connections, changes of direction in the form of pipe bends, reducers, branches such as T-pieces or crossings.
  • a fitting is also to be understood as a pipe connection of a fitting or other component. For example, thermometers or pressure gauges only have one connection for a pipe section as fittings. Thus, this fitting then has only one pressing section in order to connect a pipe section to the fitting.
  • Press connections are used to connect the pipe sections to the fittings and other components, in which a press section of a fitting is deformed radially inwards with the pipe section inserted using a press tool in such a way that a permanent and tight, possibly even non-detachable connection is produced.
  • the fittings can be provided with a sealant, for example an O-ring, which ensures the tightness of the connection, or they can also be designed with direct contact between the materials of the pipe section and the fitting, for example with a metal seal.
  • a pressing technique for a radial forming of the pressing section radially acting pressing systems are used, in which the pressing elements mentioned above are used. By pivoting the pressing elements toward one another, the material of the fitting, possibly together with sealant, and thereby also the material of the pipe, is deformed, so that a tight connection between the fitting and the pipe that is secure against being pulled out is formed.
  • EP 1 547 728 A1 describes a jaw of a crimping tool for connecting tubes, wherein a marker for indicating the connection status of tubes is destroyed to thereby signal the crimped condition of a tube connection.
  • KR 2012 0113824 A discloses a compression tool for connecting pipe joints, wherein the contact surface of the compression tool is contoured.
  • the pipe systems described in general above serve in particular to transport drinking water or heating water, gas for operating a heating system or industrial gases.
  • the closing plane of the pressing elements is understood to mean the plane in which the two open ends of the pressing elements abut one another after the conclusion of a pressing process or are at least arranged adjacent thereto.
  • no material of the fitting is radially pressed at the beginning of the pressing process because of the distance between the ends of the pressing elements.
  • material of the fitting is pressed into the open area of the closing plane, ie in the circumferential direction of the fitting. Due to the geometry of the pressing elements and the movement sequence, most of the material is formed in the area of the closing plane, so that the pipe pressed by the fitting is also exposed to particular stress in this area. Therefore, in the area of the closing plane, the above-mentioned buckling often occurs.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the technical problem of improving the pressing of fittings with thin-walled metal pipes.
  • a selective, stronger deformation is introduced into the connection between the fitting and the pipe during pressing.
  • the deformation preferably lies outside the area close to the closing plane, which is critical for the formation of bulges.
  • the bursting pressure strength is thus increased without affecting the critical area for buckling.
  • the at least one cam is arranged in an angular range of more than 90° to the closing plane, with the central axis of the pressing contour forming the vertex of the angle measurement and one leg of the angle resting on the end of the pressing element. This ensures that the at least one cam is positioned at a sufficient angular distance from the closing plane and does not load the area of the closing plane.
  • both pressing webs of both pressing elements each have at least one cam.
  • a total of at least four cams are provided, which are distributed evenly and are preferably arranged at a distance from the closing plane. This further improves the bursting strength.
  • At least one pressing web preferably all pressing webs, have a radial expansion in an angular range between 10° and 90° to the closing plane.
  • the pressing elements form a pressing loop of a pressing tool.
  • the press sling is used for pipes with larger diameters and is placed around the not yet pressed fitting before pressing.
  • the pressing elements are each connected to one another at one end by means of an axis of rotation and form a distance from one another at the other free end in the open position. These ends thus delimit the closing plane from both sides.
  • the free ends point Coupling means mostly in the form of depressions, engage in the corresponding coupling means of a pressing tool.
  • the free ends of the press sling are pressed together by means of the coupling means driven by a press tool, as a result of which the fitting and the pipe are deformed.
  • the pressing elements form a pressing jaw of a pressing tool.
  • two pressing elements of a pressing jaw can be pivoted about at least one axis by means of holding elements, are provided with the pressing contour at one end and with an inlet contour at the other end.
  • the ends of the holding elements with the inlet contour are pushed apart by means of a feed piston of a pressing machine, so that the other ends close with the pressing contour and bring about the pressing process.
  • FIG 1 shows a first (upper) pressing element 4 in a partially sectioned view
  • FIG 2 represents a second (lower) pressing element 6 in a side view.
  • the press sling 2 thus has the two press elements 4 and 6, both of which have a receiving area 8 for receiving a fitting with a pipe.
  • the receiving area 8 defines an axial direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, which essentially corresponds to the axis of the fitting to be pressed and the pipe received by the fitting.
  • the receiving area is essentially round in sections in order to receive the fitting to be pressed with the pipe.
  • a pressing contour 10 is formed on the inside of the pressing elements 4 and 6 and surrounds the receiving area 8 radially outwards.
  • the pressing contour 10 is in particular in 3 to recognize.
  • the pressing elements 4 and 6 can be connected to one another in a pivotable manner and, for this purpose, each have a bore 16 or 18 at one end 12 or 14, in which, in the assembled state, an axis of rotation (not shown) is arranged. In an open position, the pressing elements 4 and 6 are spaced apart at the ends 20 and 22 and have a smaller spacing or abut one another after the pressing has been completed. Thus, the ends 20 and 22 define a closure plane 24 between them.
  • the pressing contour 12 has the negative shape of the outer shape to be assumed by the fitting after pressing.
  • the central section 26 of the pressing contour 10 is recessed in order to receive and press the bead of a fitting.
  • the peripheral edges 28 and 30 of the central section 12 run obliquely, resulting overall in a substantially trapezoidal inner contour.
  • axially aligned cylindrical sections 32 and 34 join central section 12 .
  • the sections 32 and 34 are not in contact with the fitting during pressing and therefore do not lead to a deformation of the fitting.
  • the pressing contour 12 thus forms on the inside a pressing region 26, 28 and 30 running in the axial direction for pressing a bead of a fitting that has a sealing agent, as explained further below with reference to FIG Figures 5 to 8 is explained.
  • the pressing contour 12 has pressing webs 36 and 38 on both sides of the pressing area described above.
  • the pressing webs 36 and 38 primarily serve to reshape the fitting with a view to fixing the fitting on the pipe to be pressed.
  • the pressing webs 36 and 38 each have a cam 40 and 42, respectively, which is directed radially inwards and leads to a selective additional depression of the fitting in the direction of the pipe. These additional indentations then lead to increased pull-out or bursting pressure resistance.
  • the outer flank of the cam 42 is bevelled, resulting in a shape tapering to a point inwards.
  • the inner flank of the cam 42 can also be beveled.
  • the cams 40 and 42 are arranged at an angle of more than 90° to the closing plane 24, the angle ⁇ being measured in such a way that the vertex of the angle ⁇ coincides with the axis A. This ensures that the position of the cams 40 and 42 is at a sufficient distance from the closing plane 24 .
  • the pressing webs 36 and 38 of both pressing elements 4 and 6 each have a cam 40 and 42, respectively. This means that an additional indentation is made at four different positions when the fitting is pressed.
  • the press webs 36 and 38 have a radial extension 44 or 46 in an angular range ⁇ between 10° and 90° to the closing plane 24, as can be seen from the distance to the dashed lines in FIGS Figures 1 and 2 results.
  • These radial extensions 44 and 46 lead to the slope of the pressing webs 36 and 38 in the area of the closing plane 24 being steeper than in the case of a round shape, preferably even running almost tangentially to the outer shape of the fitting Figures 1 and 2 almost vertical.
  • the radial expansions 44 and 46 the deformation of the fitting that takes place in the circumferential direction of the fitting is weakened or largely avoided when the fitting is pressed.
  • the Figures 1 to 4 show pressing elements 4 and 6 for a pressing means in the form of a press loop 2 of a pressing tool.
  • the composite press sling 2 is in the Figures 5 to 8 shown with a fitting 52 inserted and a tube 54 inserted therein.
  • the two pressing elements 4 and 6 are connected to one another at the ends 12 and 14 by means of an axis of rotation 56 and form a distance from one another at the other ends 20 and 22 in the open position, as in FIGS figure 5 and 6 is shown.
  • the fitting 52 into which the pipe 54 to be connected is pushed up to a stop 58 , is arranged between the two pressing elements 4 and 6 .
  • the fitting 52 has a bead 60 for receiving an O-ring 62 .
  • the two ends 20 and 22 each have a depression 64 and 66 on the outer sides, in which corresponding coupling means of a pressing tool can engage and the two ends 20 and 22 can be pressed towards one another.
  • the 7 and 8th show the arrangement after pressing.
  • the reshaping 67 caused by the pressing webs 36 and 38 can be seen all around the inside.
  • the cams 40 of the webs 36 have penetrated further into the material of the fitting 52, so that the tube 54 has also been more strongly deformed at this point.
  • position 68 can be seen in cross-section in the upper half, with the lower half showing position 70 in perspective.
  • the lower half shows that the webs 38 cause only a smaller deformation of the fitting 52 than is the case for the cams 40 .
  • the bead 60 has been deformed inwardly and the o-ring 62 has been compressed.
  • FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of a pressing means in the form of a pressing jaw 80, which is part of a pressing tool.
  • the two pressing elements 4 and 6 are arranged to be pivotable about two axes 86 and 88 by means of laterally attached holding elements 84 .
  • the pressing elements 4 and 6 have a pressing contour 10 which is designed in the same way as has been described above.
  • cams 40 and 42 and radial extensions 44 and 46 are present.
  • the pressing elements 4 and 6 are provided with an inlet contour 90 at the ends 12 and 14 .
  • a pressing tool with a feed means can thus press the two ends 12 and 14 apart in order to thus press the ends 20 and 22 together with the pressing contour 10 .

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Pressmittel zum Verpressen eines Fittings zur abdichtenden Verbindung mit einem Rohr, mit mindestens zwei Presselementen mit einem Aufnahmebereich zum Aufnehmen eines Fittings mit einem Rohr und mit einer an der Innenseite der Presselemente ausgebildeten Presskontur, wobei die Presselemente verschwenkbar miteinander verbunden sind, in einer geöffneten Stellung an dem die Presskontur aufweisenden Ende beabstandet sind und nach Abschluss des Verpressens einen geringeren Abstand aufweisen oder aneinander anliegen und dabei eine Schließebene bilden und wobei die Presskontur einen Pressbereich zum abdichtenden Verpressen des Fittings, insbesondere einer ein Dichtungsmittel aufweisenden Wulst eines Fittings, und Pressstege zum fixierenden Verpressen des Fittings aufweist.The invention relates to a pressing means for pressing a fitting for sealing connection with a pipe, with at least two pressing elements with a receiving area for receiving a fitting with a pipe and with a pressing contour formed on the inside of the pressing elements, the pressing elements being pivotably connected to one another in an open position at the end having the pressing contour and are at a smaller distance after the end of the pressing or are in contact with one another and thereby form a closing plane and wherein the pressing contour has a pressing area for sealing pressing of the fitting, in particular a bead of a fitting having a sealing agent, and Has press webs for fixing pressing of the fitting.

Der für die vorliegende Erfindung relevante technische Bereich ist die baustellenseitige Installation von Rohrleitungssystemen, bei der allgemein für das Leiten und Führen eines Fluids ein aus Rohrabschnitten und Fittings bestehendes Rohrleitungssystem installiert wird. Als Fitting wird grundsätzlich ein Verbindungsstück einer Rohrleitung verstanden und wird am häufigsten zur Verbindung von zwei oder mehreren Rohrabschnitten eingesetzt. Das Fitting weist dementsprechend zwei oder mehr Pressabschnitte auf. Zu den häufigsten Fittings zählen gerade Verbindungen, Richtungswechsel in Form von Rohrbögen, Reduzierstücke, Abzweige wie T-Stücke oder Kreuzungen. Unter einem Fitting ist aber auch ein Rohranschluss einer Armatur oder einer sonstigen Komponente zu verstehen. Beispielsweise weisen Thermometer oder Manometer als Armaturen nur einen Anschluss für einen Rohrabschnitt auf. Somit weist dieser Fitting dann nur einen Pressabschnitt auf, um ein Rohrabschnitt an der Armatur anzuschließen.The technical area relevant to the present invention is the on-site installation of pipe systems, in which a pipe system consisting of pipe sections and fittings is installed in general for conducting and guiding a fluid. A fitting is basically understood to be a connecting piece of a pipeline and is most commonly used to connect two or more pipe sections. Accordingly, the fitting has two or more pressing sections. The most common fittings include straight connections, changes of direction in the form of pipe bends, reducers, branches such as T-pieces or crossings. However, a fitting is also to be understood as a pipe connection of a fitting or other component. For example, thermometers or pressure gauges only have one connection for a pipe section as fittings. Thus, this fitting then has only one pressing section in order to connect a pipe section to the fitting.

Für das Verbinden der Rohrabschnitte mit den Fittings und sonstigen Komponenten werden Pressverbindungen genutzt, bei denen ein Pressabschnitt eines Fittings bei eingestecktem Rohrabschnitt mittels eines Presswerkzeugs radial nach innen so umgeformt wird, dass eine dauerhafte und dichte, gegebenenfalls sogar unlösbare Verbindung hergestellt wird. Die Fittings können dabei mit einem Dichtungsmittel, beispielsweise mit einem O-Ring, versehen sein, das die Dichtheit der Verbindung gewährleistet, oder auch mittels eines direkten Kontakts der Materialien des Rohrabschnitts und des Fittings, beispielweise metallisch dichtend ausgebildet sein. Als Presstechnik für ein radiales Umformen des Pressabschnittes werden radial wirkende Presssysteme eingesetzt, bei denen die eingangs genannten Presselemente eingesetzt werden. Durch ein Verschwenken der Presselemente aufeinander zu wird das Material des Fittings, gegebenenfalls zusammen mit Dichtungsmittel, und dadurch auch das Material des Rohrs umgeformt, so dass eine auszugssichere und dichte Verbindung zwischen dem Fitting und dem Rohr entsteht.Press connections are used to connect the pipe sections to the fittings and other components, in which a press section of a fitting is deformed radially inwards with the pipe section inserted using a press tool in such a way that a permanent and tight, possibly even non-detachable connection is produced. The fittings can be provided with a sealant, for example an O-ring, which ensures the tightness of the connection, or they can also be designed with direct contact between the materials of the pipe section and the fitting, for example with a metal seal. As a pressing technique for a radial forming of the pressing section, radially acting pressing systems are used, in which the pressing elements mentioned above are used. By pivoting the pressing elements toward one another, the material of the fitting, possibly together with sealant, and thereby also the material of the pipe, is deformed, so that a tight connection between the fitting and the pipe that is secure against being pulled out is formed.

Aus der DE 102 36 848 A ist eine Pressbacke oder Presskette für ein hydraulisches oder mechanisches Verpressgerät zur Verpressung eines Rohres mit einem Pressfitting gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt.From the DE 102 36 848 A a press jaw or press chain for a hydraulic or mechanical press device for pressing a pipe with a press fitting according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.

In der EP 1 547 728 A1 ist eine Backe eines Verpresswerkzeugs zum Anschluss von Rohren beschrieben, wobei ein Markiermittel zum Anzeigen des Verbindungsstatus von Rohren zerstört wird, um dadurch den verpressten Zustand einer Rohrverbindung zu signalisieren.In the EP 1 547 728 A1 describes a jaw of a crimping tool for connecting tubes, wherein a marker for indicating the connection status of tubes is destroyed to thereby signal the crimped condition of a tube connection.

In der KR 2012 0113824 A ist ein Presswerkzeug zum Verbinden von Rohrverbindungen offenbart, wobei die Kontaktfläche des Presswerkzeugs eine Kontur aufweist.In the KR 2012 0113824 A discloses a compression tool for connecting pipe joints, wherein the contact surface of the compression tool is contoured.

Die zuvor allgemein beschriebenen Rohrleitungssysteme dienen insbesondere einem Transport von Trink- oder Heizungswasser, von Gas zum Betrieb einer Heizungsanlage oder von Industriegasen.The pipe systems described in general above serve in particular to transport drinking water or heating water, gas for operating a heating system or industrial gases.

Bei der Verwendung von dünnwandigen Metallrohren, insbesondere von dünnwandigen Kupferrohren, mit einer Wandstärke von beispielsweise unter 1,2mm, und einem herkömmlichen Presswerkzeug für metallische Presssysteme neigt das Rohr zu einer Beulenbildung, insbesondere im Bereich der Schließebene. Bei Rohren aus härteren Metallen treten diese Probleme weniger stark auf, wenn das gleiche Werkzeug mit den gleichen Pressmitteln für ein Verpressen von Fittings eingesetzt wird.When using thin-walled metal pipes, in particular thin-walled copper pipes with a wall thickness of less than 1.2 mm, for example, and a conventional pressing tool for metal pressing systems, the pipe tends to form bulges, particularly in the area of the closing plane. With pipes made of harder metals, these problems occur less severely if the same tool with the same pressing means is used for pressing fittings.

Unter der Schließebene der Presselemente wird die Ebene verstanden, in der die beiden offenen Enden der Presselemente nach dem Abschluss eines Pressvorgangs aneinander anliegen oder zumindest benachbart dazu angeordnet sind. Im Bereich der Schließebene wird zu Beginn des Pressvorgangs wegen des Abstands der Enden der Presselemente zueinander zunächst kein Material des Fittings radial verpresst. Zudem wird bei dem weiteren Schließen der Presselemente Material des Fittings in den offenen Bereich der Schließebene hinein, also in Umfangrichtung des Fittings, gedrückt. Aufgrund der Geometrie der Presselemente und des Bewegungsablaufs wird daher im Bereich der Schließebene am meisten Material umgeformt, so dass auch das vom Fitting mit verpresste Rohr in diesem Bereich einer besonderen Belastung ausgesetzt ist. Daher tritt im Bereich der Schließebene häufig die genannte Beulenbildung auf.The closing plane of the pressing elements is understood to mean the plane in which the two open ends of the pressing elements abut one another after the conclusion of a pressing process or are at least arranged adjacent thereto. In the area In the closing plane, no material of the fitting is radially pressed at the beginning of the pressing process because of the distance between the ends of the pressing elements. In addition, as the pressing elements close further, material of the fitting is pressed into the open area of the closing plane, ie in the circumferential direction of the fitting. Due to the geometry of the pressing elements and the movement sequence, most of the material is formed in the area of the closing plane, so that the pipe pressed by the fitting is also exposed to particular stress in this area. Therefore, in the area of the closing plane, the above-mentioned buckling often occurs.

Aus der Beulenbildung resultieren undichte Pressverbindungen. Um dieses Problem zu lösen, kann man durch eine Änderung der Presskontur der Presselemente eine Reduzierung des Umformgrads erreichen. Jedoch reduziert sich durch den geringeren Umformgrad die Berstdruckfestigkeit, also auch die Auszugsfestigkeit der Verbindung. Dieses gilt wiederum vorzugsweise bei der Verwendung des Werkzeugs in Kombination mit Rohren aus einem härteren Metall wie bei Stahl- und Edelstahlsystemen.The formation of bulges results in leaky press connections. In order to solve this problem, the degree of deformation can be reduced by changing the pressing contour of the pressing elements. However, the lower degree of deformation reduces the bursting pressure strength, i.e. also the pull-out strength of the connection. Again, this is especially true when using the tool in combination with tubing made of a harder metal such as steel and stainless steel systems.

Daher liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, das Verpressen von Fittings mit dünnwandigen Metallrohren zu verbessern.The present invention is therefore based on the technical problem of improving the pressing of fittings with thin-walled metal pipes.

Das zuvor aufgeführte technische Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The technical problem mentioned above is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of claim 1 .

Durch das Einbringen mindestens einer zusätzlichen Nocke in die Presskontur wird beim Verpressen eine punktuelle stärkere Umformung in die Verbindung zwischen dem Fitting und dem Rohr eingebracht. Die Umformung liegt dabei bevorzugt außerhalb des für die Beulenbildung kritischen Bereichs nahe der Schließebene. Die Berstdruckfestigkeit wird somit gesteigert, ohne dabei den für die Beulenbildung kritischen Bereich zu beeinflussen.By introducing at least one additional cam into the pressing contour, a selective, stronger deformation is introduced into the connection between the fitting and the pipe during pressing. The deformation preferably lies outside the area close to the closing plane, which is critical for the formation of bulges. The bursting pressure strength is thus increased without affecting the critical area for buckling.

Die mindestens eine Nocke ist in einem Winkelbereich von mehr als 90° zur Schließebene angeordnet, wobei die Mittelachse der Presskontur den Scheitelpunkt der Winkelmessung bildet und ein Schenkel des Winkels am Ende des Presselements anliegt. Somit wird sichergestellt, dass die mindestens eine Nocke mit einem ausreichenden Winkelabstand zur Schließebene positioniert ist und nicht den Bereich der Schließebene belastet.The at least one cam is arranged in an angular range of more than 90° to the closing plane, with the central axis of the pressing contour forming the vertex of the angle measurement and one leg of the angle resting on the end of the pressing element. This ensures that the at least one cam is positioned at a sufficient angular distance from the closing plane and does not load the area of the closing plane.

In bevorzugter Weise ist bei dem Pressmittel vorgesehen, dass beide Pressstege beider Presselemente jeweils mindestens eine Nocke aufweisen. Somit sind insgesamt mindestens vier Nocken vorgesehen, die gleichmäßig verteilt und bevorzugt entfernt von der Schließebene angeordnet sind. Die Berstdruckfestigkeit wird damit weiter verbessert.It is preferably provided in the case of the pressing means that both pressing webs of both pressing elements each have at least one cam. Thus, a total of at least four cams are provided, which are distributed evenly and are preferably arranged at a distance from the closing plane. This further improves the bursting strength.

In einer weiter bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des beschriebenen Pressmittels weist mindestens ein Presssteg, weisen vorzugsweise alle Pressstege, in einem Winkelbereich zwischen 10° und 90° zur Schließebene eine radiale Erweiterung auf.In a further preferred embodiment of the pressing means described, at least one pressing web, preferably all pressing webs, have a radial expansion in an angular range between 10° and 90° to the closing plane.

Dadurch wird erreicht, dass im Bereich der Schließebene selbst der Presssteg bzw. die Pressstege einen an eine Tangentensteigung angenäherten Verlauf relativ zur äußeren Form des Fittings aufweisen. Dadurch wird die Größe des zu verdrängenden Materials des Fittings im Bereich der Schließebene verringert und das Verpressen auf eine mehr radiale Richtung verlagert. Somit wird weniger Material des Fittings in Umfangsrichtung verlagert und die Gefahr der Beulenbildung weiter verringert.It is thereby achieved that in the area of the closing plane itself the pressing ridge or the pressing ridges have a course approximated to a tangent gradient relative to the outer shape of the fitting. This reduces the size of the fitting's material to be displaced in the area of the closing plane and shifts the pressing to a more radial direction. As a result, less material of the fitting is shifted in the circumferential direction and the risk of bulging is further reduced.

Bei einer ersten bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des beschriebenen Pressmittels bilden die Presselemente eine Pressschlinge eines Presswerkzeugs. Die Pressschlinge wird bei Rohren mit größeren Durchmessern eingesetzt und vor dem Verpressen um den noch nicht verpressten Fitting herum gelegt. Die Presselemente sind an jeweils einem Ende mittels einer Drehachse miteinander verbunden und bilden an dem anderen freien Ende in der geöffneten Stellung einen Abstand zueinander aus. Diese Enden begrenzen somit die Schließebene von beiden Seiten. Die freien Enden weisen Kopplungsmittel auf, meist in Form von Vertiefungen, in die korrespondierende Kopplungsmittel eines Presswerkzeugs eingreifen. Zum Verpressen des Fittings werden die freien Enden der Pressschlinge mittels der durch ein Presswerkzeug angetriebenen Kopplungsmittel zusammengedrückt, wodurch der Fitting und das Rohr umgeformt werden.In a first preferred embodiment of the pressing means described, the pressing elements form a pressing loop of a pressing tool. The press sling is used for pipes with larger diameters and is placed around the not yet pressed fitting before pressing. The pressing elements are each connected to one another at one end by means of an axis of rotation and form a distance from one another at the other free end in the open position. These ends thus delimit the closing plane from both sides. The free ends point Coupling means, mostly in the form of depressions, engage in the corresponding coupling means of a pressing tool. To press the fitting, the free ends of the press sling are pressed together by means of the coupling means driven by a press tool, as a result of which the fitting and the pipe are deformed.

Bei einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des beschriebenen Pressmittels bilden die Presselemente eine Pressbacke eines Presswerkzeugs. Dazu sind in bevorzugter Weise zwei Presselemente einer Pressbacke mittels Halteelementen um mindestens eine Achse verschwenkbar, sind an einem Ende mit der Presskontur und am anderen Ende mit einer Einlaufkontur versehen. Die Enden der Halteelemente mit der Einlaufkontur werden mittels eines Vorschubkolbens einer Pressmaschine auseinander gedrückt, so dass sich die anderen Enden mit der Presskontur schließen und den Pressvorgang bewirken.In a second preferred embodiment of the pressing means described, the pressing elements form a pressing jaw of a pressing tool. For this purpose, preferably two pressing elements of a pressing jaw can be pivoted about at least one axis by means of holding elements, are provided with the pressing contour at one end and with an inlet contour at the other end. The ends of the holding elements with the inlet contour are pushed apart by means of a feed piston of a pressing machine, so that the other ends close with the pressing contour and bring about the pressing process.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines ersten Presselements einer erfindungsgemäßen Pressschlinge in einer teilweise geschnitten Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
eines zweiten Presselements in einer Seitenansicht,
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht der Presskontur des Presselements,
Fig. 4
eine Detaildarstellung des Presselements mit einer Nocke,
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Pressschlinge mit eingesetztem Fitting mit Rohr im geöffneten Zustand,
Fig. 6
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie VI-VI nach Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
eine perspektivische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Pressschlinge mit eingesetztem Fitting mit Rohr im verpressten Zustand,
Fig. 8
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie VIII-VIII nach Fig. 5 und
Fig. 9
ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Pressbacke.
The invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show in the drawing
1
an embodiment of a first pressing element of a press sling according to the invention in a partially sectioned side view,
2
a second pressing element in a side view,
3
a view of the pressing contour of the pressing element,
4
a detailed representation of the pressing element with a cam,
figure 5
a perspective view of the press sling according to the invention with an inserted fitting with a tube in the open state,
6
a sectional view along the line VI-VI figure 5 ,
7
a perspective view of the press sling according to the invention with an inserted fitting with a pipe in the pressed state,
8
a sectional view along the line VIII-VIII figure 5 and
9
an embodiment of a pressing jaw according to the invention.

In der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der verschiedenen erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiele werden Bauteile und Elemente mit gleicher Funktion und gleicher Wirkungsweise mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen, auch wenn die Bauteile und Elemente bei den verschiedenen Ausführungsbeispielen in ihrer Dimension oder Form Unterschiede aufweisen können.In the following description of the various exemplary embodiments according to the invention, components and elements with the same function and the same mode of operation are provided with the same reference symbols, even if the components and elements in the various exemplary embodiments can have different dimensions or shapes.

In den Fig. 1 bis 4 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Pressschlinge 2 zum Verpressen eines Fittings zur abdichtenden Verbindung mit einem Rohr dargestellt.In the Figures 1 to 4 an exemplary embodiment of a press sling 2 according to the invention for pressing a fitting for sealing connection with a pipe is shown.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes (oberes) Presselement 4 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, während Fig. 2 ein zweites (unteres) Presselement 6 in einer Seitenansicht darstellt. 1 shows a first (upper) pressing element 4 in a partially sectioned view, while FIG 2 represents a second (lower) pressing element 6 in a side view.

Das Pressschlinge 2 weist somit die beiden Presselemente 4 und 6 auf, die beide einen Aufnahmebereich 8 zum Aufnehmen eines Fittings mit einem Rohr aufweisen. Dabei definiert der Aufnahmebereich 8 eine axiale Richtung senkrecht zur Zeichenebene, die im Wesentlichen mit der Achse des zu verpressenden Fittings und des vom Fitting aufgenommenen Rohrs entspricht. Zudem ist der Aufnahmebereich im Wesentlichen abschnittweise rund ausgebildet, um den zu verpressenden Fitting mit Rohr aufzunehmen.The press sling 2 thus has the two press elements 4 and 6, both of which have a receiving area 8 for receiving a fitting with a pipe. The receiving area 8 defines an axial direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, which essentially corresponds to the axis of the fitting to be pressed and the pipe received by the fitting. In addition, the receiving area is essentially round in sections in order to receive the fitting to be pressed with the pipe.

An der Innenseite der Presselemente 4 und 6 ist eine Presskontur 10 ausgebildet, die den Aufnahmebereich 8 radial nach außen umgibt. Die Presskontur 10 ist insbesondere in Fig. 3 zu erkennen.A pressing contour 10 is formed on the inside of the pressing elements 4 and 6 and surrounds the receiving area 8 radially outwards. The pressing contour 10 is in particular in 3 to recognize.

Die Presselemente 4 und 6 können verschwenkbar miteinander verbunden werden und weisen dazu an einem Ende 12 bzw. 14 jeweils eine Bohrung 16 bzw. 18 auf, in denen im zusammengebauten Zustand eine nicht dargestellte Drehachse angeordnet ist. In einer geöffneten Stellung sind die Presselemente 4 und 6 an den Enden 20 und 22 beabstandet und weisen nach Abschluss des Verpressens einen geringeren Abstand auf oder liegen aneinander an. Somit definieren die Enden 20 und 22 zwischen sich eine Schließebene 24.The pressing elements 4 and 6 can be connected to one another in a pivotable manner and, for this purpose, each have a bore 16 or 18 at one end 12 or 14, in which, in the assembled state, an axis of rotation (not shown) is arranged. In an open position, the pressing elements 4 and 6 are spaced apart at the ends 20 and 22 and have a smaller spacing or abut one another after the pressing has been completed. Thus, the ends 20 and 22 define a closure plane 24 between them.

Die Presskontur 12 weist die Negativform der nach dem Verpressen vom Fitting einzunehmenden äußeren Form auf. Der mittige Abschnitt 26 der Presskontur 10 ist vertieft ausgebildet, um den Wulst eines Fittings aufzunehmen und zu verpressen. Die umlaufenden Ränder 28 und 30 des mittigen Abschnitts 12 verlaufen schräg, so dass sich insgesamt eine im Wesentlichen trapezförmige Innenkontur ergibt. In beiden axialen Richtungen, in Fig. 3 nach oben und nach unten, schließen sich axial ausgerichtete zylindrische Abschnitte 32 und 34 an den mittigen Abschnitt 12 an. Die Abschnitte 32 und 34 liegen während des Verpressens nicht am Fitting an und führen daher auch nicht zu einer Umformung des Fittings.The pressing contour 12 has the negative shape of the outer shape to be assumed by the fitting after pressing. The central section 26 of the pressing contour 10 is recessed in order to receive and press the bead of a fitting. The peripheral edges 28 and 30 of the central section 12 run obliquely, resulting overall in a substantially trapezoidal inner contour. In both axial directions, in 3 upwards and downwards, axially aligned cylindrical sections 32 and 34 join central section 12 . The sections 32 and 34 are not in contact with the fitting during pressing and therefore do not lead to a deformation of the fitting.

Somit bildet die Presskontur 12 innenseitig einen in axialer Richtung verlaufenden Pressbereich 26, 28 und 30 zum Verpressen einer ein Dichtungsmittel aufweisenden Wulst eines Fittings, wie weiter unten anhand der Fig. 5 bis 8 erläutert wird. Zudem weist die Presskontur 12 zu beiden Seiten des zuvor beschriebenen Pressbereichs Pressstege 36 und 38 auf. Die Pressstege 36 und 38 dienen vor allem der Umformung des Fittings im Hinblick auf eine Fixierung des Fittings auf dem zu verpressenden Rohr.The pressing contour 12 thus forms on the inside a pressing region 26, 28 and 30 running in the axial direction for pressing a bead of a fitting that has a sealing agent, as explained further below with reference to FIG Figures 5 to 8 is explained. In addition, the pressing contour 12 has pressing webs 36 and 38 on both sides of the pressing area described above. The pressing webs 36 and 38 primarily serve to reshape the fitting with a view to fixing the fitting on the pipe to be pressed.

Erfindungsgemäß weisen die Pressstege 36 und 38 jeweils eine Nocke 40 bzw. 42 auf, die radial nach innen gerichtet ist und zu einer punktuellen zusätzlichen Vertiefung des Fittings in Richtung des Rohres führen. Diese zusätzlichen Vertiefungen führen dann zu einer verstärkten Auszugs- bzw. Berstdruckfestigkeit. Wie sich dabei insbesondere aus Fig. 4 am Beispiel der Nocken 42 ergibt, ist die äußere Flanke der Nocke 42 abgeschrägt, so dass sich eine spitz nach innen zulaufende Form ergibt. Ebenso kann selbstverständlich auch die innere Flanke der Nocke 42 abgeschrägt sein.According to the invention, the pressing webs 36 and 38 each have a cam 40 and 42, respectively, which is directed radially inwards and leads to a selective additional depression of the fitting in the direction of the pipe. These additional indentations then lead to increased pull-out or bursting pressure resistance. How it turns out in particular 4 using the example of the cam 42, the outer flank of the cam 42 is bevelled, resulting in a shape tapering to a point inwards. Likewise, of course, the inner flank of the cam 42 can also be beveled.

Weiterhin sind die Nocken 40 und 42 in einem Winkel von mehr als 90° zur Schließebene 24 angeordnet, wobei der Winkel α so gemessen wird, dass der Scheitelpunkt des Winkels α mit der Achse A übereinstimmt. Somit wird sichergestellt, dass die Position der Nocken 40 und 42 einen ausreichenden Abstand zur Schließeben 24 aufweisen.Furthermore, the cams 40 and 42 are arranged at an angle of more than 90° to the closing plane 24, the angle α being measured in such a way that the vertex of the angle α coincides with the axis A. This ensures that the position of the cams 40 and 42 is at a sufficient distance from the closing plane 24 .

Wie bei dem in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigt ist, weisen die Pressstege 36 und 38 beider Presselemente 4 und 6 jeweils eine Nocke 40 bzw. 42 auf. Somit wird beim Verpressen des Fittings an vier verschiedenen Positionen eine zusätzliche Vertiefung eingebracht.As is shown in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figures, the pressing webs 36 and 38 of both pressing elements 4 and 6 each have a cam 40 and 42, respectively. This means that an additional indentation is made at four different positions when the fitting is pressed.

Eine weiteres Merkmal des vorliegenden Pressschlinge 2 besteht darin, dass die Pressstege 36 und 38 in einem Winkelbereich β zwischen 10° und 90° zur Schließebene 24 eine radiale Erweiterung 44 bzw. 46 aufweisen, wie sich aus dem Abstand zu den gestrichelten Linien in den Fig. 1 und 2 ergibt. Diese radialen Erweiterungen 44 und 46 führen dazu, dass die Steigung der Pressstege 36 und 38 im Bereich der Schließebene 24 steiler als bei einer runden Form, vorzugsweise sogar nahezu tangential zur äußeren Form des Fittings verlaufen, in den Fig. 1 und 2 nahezu senkrecht. Durch die radialen Erweiterungen 44 und 46 wird beim Verpressen des Fittings das in Umfangrichtung des Fittings erfolgende Umformen des Fittings abgeschwächt oder weitgehend vermieden.Another feature of the present press sling 2 is that the press webs 36 and 38 have a radial extension 44 or 46 in an angular range β between 10° and 90° to the closing plane 24, as can be seen from the distance to the dashed lines in FIGS Figures 1 and 2 results. These radial extensions 44 and 46 lead to the slope of the pressing webs 36 and 38 in the area of the closing plane 24 being steeper than in the case of a round shape, preferably even running almost tangentially to the outer shape of the fitting Figures 1 and 2 almost vertical. As a result of the radial expansions 44 and 46, the deformation of the fitting that takes place in the circumferential direction of the fitting is weakened or largely avoided when the fitting is pressed.

Die Fig. 1 bis 4 zeigen Presselemente 4 und 6 für ein Pressmittel in Form einer Pressschlinge 2 eines Presswerkzeugs bilden. Die zusammengesetzte Pressschlinge 2 ist in den Fig. 5 bis 8 zusammen mit einem eingesetzten Fitting 52 und einem darin eingeführten Rohr 54 gezeigt.the Figures 1 to 4 show pressing elements 4 and 6 for a pressing means in the form of a press loop 2 of a pressing tool. The composite press sling 2 is in the Figures 5 to 8 shown with a fitting 52 inserted and a tube 54 inserted therein.

Die beiden Presselemente 4 und 6 sind an den Enden 12 und 14 mittels einer Drehachse 56 miteinander verbunden und bilden an den anderen Enden 20 und 22 in der geöffneten Stellung einen Abstand zueinander aus, wie in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellt ist. Zwischen den beiden Presselementen 4 und 6 ist der Fitting 52 angeordnet, in den das zu verbindende Rohr 54 bis zu einem Anschlag 58 eingeschoben ist. Der Fitting 52 weist eine Wulst 60 zur Aufnahme eines O-Rings 62 auf.The two pressing elements 4 and 6 are connected to one another at the ends 12 and 14 by means of an axis of rotation 56 and form a distance from one another at the other ends 20 and 22 in the open position, as in FIGS figure 5 and 6 is shown. The fitting 52 , into which the pipe 54 to be connected is pushed up to a stop 58 , is arranged between the two pressing elements 4 and 6 . The fitting 52 has a bead 60 for receiving an O-ring 62 .

Die beiden Enden 20 und 22 weisen an den Außenseiten jeweils eine Vertiefung 64 und 66 auf, in die entsprechende Kopplungsmittel eine Presswerkzeugs eingreifen können und die beiden Enden 20 und 22 aufeinander zu zu verpressen.The two ends 20 and 22 each have a depression 64 and 66 on the outer sides, in which corresponding coupling means of a pressing tool can engage and the two ends 20 and 22 can be pressed towards one another.

Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen die Anordnung nach dem Verpressen. Innerhalb des Rohres 54 ist innen umlaufend die Umformung 67 durch die Pressstege 36 und 38 zu erkennen. An den mit dem Bezugszeichen 68 und 70 gekennzeichneten Positionen ist zu erkennen, dass die Nocken 40 der Stege 36 weiter in das Material des Fittings 52 eingedrungen sind, so dass sich auch das Rohr 54 an dieser Stelle punktförmig stärker verformt hat. In Fig. 8 ist in der oberen Hälfte die Position 68 im Querschnitt zu erkennen, wobei die untere Hälfte die Position 70 perspektivisch zeigt. Im Schnitt ist in der unteren Hälfte zu erkennen, dass die Stege 38 nur eine geringere Verformung des Fittings 52 bewirken, als es für die Nocken 40 der Fall ist. Ebenso ist in den Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellt, dass der Wulst 60 nach innen verformt wurde und der O-Ring 62 zusammengedrückt worden ist.the 7 and 8th show the arrangement after pressing. Inside the tube 54 , the reshaping 67 caused by the pressing webs 36 and 38 can be seen all around the inside. At the positions marked with the reference numerals 68 and 70 it can be seen that the cams 40 of the webs 36 have penetrated further into the material of the fitting 52, so that the tube 54 has also been more strongly deformed at this point. In 8 position 68 can be seen in cross-section in the upper half, with the lower half showing position 70 in perspective. In section, the lower half shows that the webs 38 cause only a smaller deformation of the fitting 52 than is the case for the cams 40 . Likewise in the 7 and 8th shown that the bead 60 has been deformed inwardly and the o-ring 62 has been compressed.

Fig. 9 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Pressmittels in Form einer Pressbacke 80, die Teil eines Presswerkzeugs ist. Die beiden Presselemente 4 und 6 sind mittels seitlich angebrachter Halteelemente 84 um zwei Achsen 86 und 88 verschwenkbar angeordnet. An einem Ende 20 und 22 weisen die Presselemente 4 und 6 eine Presskontur 10 auf, die in gleicher Weise, wie es zuvor beschrieben worden ist, ausgebildet ist. Insbesondere sind Nocken 40 und 42 sowie radiale Erweiterungen 44 und 46 vorhanden. 9 shows a second embodiment of a pressing means in the form of a pressing jaw 80, which is part of a pressing tool. The two pressing elements 4 and 6 are arranged to be pivotable about two axes 86 and 88 by means of laterally attached holding elements 84 . At one end 20 and 22, the pressing elements 4 and 6 have a pressing contour 10 which is designed in the same way as has been described above. In particular, cams 40 and 42 and radial extensions 44 and 46 are present.

An den Enden 12 und 14 sind die Presselemente 4 und 6 mit einer Einlaufkontur 90 versehen. Somit kann ein Presswerkzeug mit einem Vorschubmittel die beiden Enden 12 und 14 auseinander drücken, um somit die Enden 20 und 22 mit der Presskontur 10 zusammenzudrücken.The pressing elements 4 and 6 are provided with an inlet contour 90 at the ends 12 and 14 . A pressing tool with a feed means can thus press the two ends 12 and 14 apart in order to thus press the ends 20 and 22 together with the pressing contour 10 .

Claims (5)

  1. Pressing means for pressing a fitting for sealing connection with a pipe,
    - having at least two pressing elements (2, 4) with a receiving area for receiving a fitting with a pipe and
    - with a pressing contour (10) formed on the inside of the pressing elements (2, 4),
    - wherein the pressing elements (2, 4) are pivotably connected to one another, are spaced apart in an open position at the end (20, 22) having the pressing contour and, after completion of pressing, are spaced apart a smaller distance or abut one another, thereby forming a closing plane (24),
    - wherein the pressing contour (10) has a pressing area (26, 28, 30) for sealing pressing of the fitting and pressing webs (36, 38) for fixing pressing of the fitting, and
    - wherein at least one pressing web (36, 38) of one of the pressing elements (4, 6) has a radially inwardly extending cam (40, 42),
    characterized in
    - that the at least one cam (40, 42) is arranged in an angular range (α) of more than 90° to the closing plane (24) and
    - that all cams (40, 42) are positioned in an angular range (α) of more than 90° to the closing plane (24).
  2. Pressing means according to claim 1,
    characterized in
    in that both pressing webs (36, 38) of both pressing elements (4, 6) each have at least one cam (40, 42).
  3. Pressing means according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in
    in that at least one pressing web (36, 38), preferably all pressing webs (36, 38), have a radial widening (44, 46) in an angular range (β) between 10° and 90° with respect to the closing plane (24).
  4. Pressing means according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in
    - in that the pressing elements (4, 6) form a pressing loop (2) of a pressing tool, and
    - in that the pressing elements (4, 6) are connected to one another at one end (12, 14) in each case by means of an axis of rotation (56) and form a distance from one another at the other end (20, 22) in the open position.
  5. Pressing means according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in
    - in that the pressing elements (4, 6) form a pressing jaw (80) of a pressing tool, and
    - in that the pressing elements (4, 6) can be pivoted about at least one axis (86, 86) by means of retaining elements (84), are provided at one end (20, 22) with the pressing contour (10) and at the other end (12, 14) with an inlet contour (90).
EP18163087.2A 2017-03-29 2018-03-21 Pressing means for pressing a fitting Active EP3381618B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017106744.2A DE102017106744A1 (en) 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 Pressing means for pressing a fitting

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3381618A1 EP3381618A1 (en) 2018-10-03
EP3381618B1 true EP3381618B1 (en) 2022-01-26

Family

ID=61731689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18163087.2A Active EP3381618B1 (en) 2017-03-29 2018-03-21 Pressing means for pressing a fitting

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3381618B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2018202127B2 (en)
DE (1) DE102017106744A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017120327A1 (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-03-07 Rothenberger Ag Press die for a pressing tool for pressing tubular workpiece sections, pressing tool, method for producing a press connection and method for producing a press die
EP3600776B1 (en) * 2017-09-04 2022-07-20 Rothenberger AG Press die for a pressing tool for pressing round tubular workpiece sections
EP4059629A1 (en) * 2021-03-17 2022-09-21 Viega Technology GmbH & Co. KG Crimping die, driven crimping die, press insert and system for pressing fittings with tubes

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2725280A1 (en) * 1977-06-01 1978-12-14 Mannesmann Roehren Werke Ag Pipe connection system for thin metal pipes - uses compressible sleeve with conical section and ring collars
JPH0259130A (en) * 1988-07-13 1990-02-28 Mie Horo Kk Joining method for tube stock
DE10236848C5 (en) * 2002-08-10 2016-06-02 Gustav Klauke Gmbh Pressing jaw or pressing chain for a hydraulic or mechanical pressing device
DE10319376B4 (en) * 2003-04-30 2007-01-04 Uponor Innovation Ab Press jaw for a pressing tool for pressing fittings, pressing tool and tool for axially pushing a sleeve
FR2864602B1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2007-07-13 Comap CRIMPING JAW
KR20120113824A (en) * 2011-04-04 2012-10-16 배승범 Insert structure of pipe jointing tool
EP3100827B1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2021-01-20 Geberit International AG Press lever assembly with a press lever and press jaws

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2018202127B2 (en) 2019-10-17
DE102017106744A1 (en) 2018-10-04
AU2018202127A1 (en) 2018-10-18
EP3381618A1 (en) 2018-10-03

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