EP3376096B1 - Light device, in particular for lighting and/or signalling, for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Light device, in particular for lighting and/or signalling, for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3376096B1
EP3376096B1 EP18161327.4A EP18161327A EP3376096B1 EP 3376096 B1 EP3376096 B1 EP 3376096B1 EP 18161327 A EP18161327 A EP 18161327A EP 3376096 B1 EP3376096 B1 EP 3376096B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
light source
source
optic
forming
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18161327.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3376096A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Albou
Vincent Godbillon
Jean-Claude Puente
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Publication of EP3376096A1 publication Critical patent/EP3376096A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F21S41/153—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines arranged in a matrix
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/155—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/255—Lenses with a front view of circular or truncated circular outline
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/275—Lens surfaces, e.g. coatings or surface structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S43/145—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
    • F21S43/31—Optical layout thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F21Y2105/12—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the geometrical disposition of the light-generating elements, e.g. arranging light-generating elements in differing patterns or densities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lighting and / or signaling, in particular for motor vehicles. It relates more particularly to a light device comprising a light source, a reflector and an optical system for shaping the rays thus emitted and deflected, arranged in relation to each other for the formation of a light beam in accordance with the regulations.
  • divergent lens is thus associated with light modules in which one does without an element commonly used elsewhere, namely a cover, or bender, which can allow the creation of a cut-off beam whose edge corresponds to the shape of an edge of said cover.
  • a cover or bender
  • the lens is associated with existing sources of the filament, Xenon or Led type, one undergoes the shape and size of the source, generally square or rectangular, so that one can only obtain a beam with flat cut-off.
  • the document WO2017 / 025445 discloses a light device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention is part of this search for a particularly compact light device capable of generating a cut-off beam. It aims to provide a light device of simple design, limiting the number of components inside the device.
  • the invention proposes in this context a light device, in particular for lighting and / or signaling for a motor vehicle, comprising a controlled light source for producing the emission of light rays, as well as a collecting optic, arranged opposite the light source to deflect the light rays emitted, and a ray shaping optics for the emission of a light beam outside the device.
  • the reflector By collecting optics is meant in particular a reflector or a lens, the reflector having the advantage of being able to reduce the axial bulk.
  • the collecting optics may consist of a reflector of elliptical or pseudo-elliptical shape, the internal face of which forms a face for reflecting the emitted light rays facing the first face of the substrate of the light source.
  • the light device as just described can in particular be used for lighting a motor vehicle by a beam capable of taking the form of a cut-off beam, the collecting optics and the diverging lens being configured so as to form the beam, with or without interruption after refraction by the lens of the rays emitted by the source and deflected by the collecting optics.
  • the light device thus makes it possible to carry out lighting and / or signaling functions such as low beam, fog light, and / or the “turn code”.
  • the cut-off edge of the cut-off beam can be generated by light rays emitted from an edge of the light source with electroluminescent elements; and this cut-off edge of the cut-off beam can be generated by light rays emitted from an edge of the light source with electroluminescent elements configured to emit rays of high luminance.
  • high luminance is meant rays whose luminance is stronger than the luminance of the rays of a neighboring area.
  • a light device 1 in particular for the lighting and / or signaling of a motor vehicle, comprises a light source 2, in particular housed in a housing closed by a crystal and which defines an internal reception volume 3, shown diagrammatically on the figure 1 , from this light source.
  • the light device further comprises a collecting optic 4, forming an element for deflecting the light rays emitted by the light source 2 and a shaping optic 6.
  • the device is configured so that the shaping optic 6 is adapted to infinitely image the light source by deflection of at least part of the light rays emitted by this light source.
  • the light source 2 is arranged on a frame 7, forming means for exchanging the heat emitted by the light source.
  • the collecting optic 4 here taking the form of an elliptical reflector, is also arranged on the frame 7, overlapping the light source.
  • the frame 7 also supports means for supplying electricity to the source, not shown here, for supplying and activating the electroluminescent elements of the light source.
  • the shaping optic 6 is centered on an optical axis 60 of the light device according to the invention, on which is further arranged the light source.
  • the light source 2 is centered transversely on the optical axis 60 (as visible on the figure 2 ) and it is arranged vertically so that the optical axis passes up to the emissive elements making up this light source. It is understood that in an alternative embodiment, the source can be entirely disposed on one side of this optical axis.
  • the light source 2 is oriented so that the rays it emits are directed mainly towards the ray deflection element 4, a cover here not shown that can be placed in the vicinity of the light source to block rays which would leave towards the shaping optics without first contacting the element of deviation.
  • a cover would in practice be substantially vertical and disposed near the source, between the source and the shaping optics.
  • the light source 2 comprises a plurality of electroluminescent elements 8, of submillimetric dimensions, which are arranged projecting from a substrate 10 so as to form here rods of hexagonal section.
  • the electroluminescent elements extend perpendicular to the substrate and perpendicular to the optical axis of the device, in proximity to the deflection element 4 of the rays.
  • the optical axis is located halfway up the average height of the electroluminescent elements equipping this light source 2.
  • the source can also be placed under the axis which would then pass in the vicinity of the upper emitting surface formed in the vicinity of the free end of the electroluminescent elements, if necessary in the vicinity of an upper surface of a material of wavelength conversion.
  • electroluminescent elements 8 can be grouped, in particular by electrical connections specific to each set, into a plurality of zones.
  • an electrical connection of the sticks can be noted such that three sets of sticks are formed, among which at least a first set 81, a second set 82 and a third set 83 which will be described in more detail below.
  • the frame 7 plays the role of a support element for the light source 2 and that of a cooling device associated with the light source, the light source with electroluminescent elements being glued here. on this cooling device.
  • the light source can be soldered onto a printed circuit board, itself assembled to the frame forming a radiator, optionally by an adhesive which is a good heat conductor.
  • the ray deflection element 4 in the example illustrated has the form of an elliptical reflector, or at least configured elliptically, that is to say having two optical focal points such as the rays passing through the first focus before their deflection by the reflector pass through the second focus after their deflection.
  • first focal point F1 is meant, where appropriate, a plurality of first focal points, and in an optimized solution a line of first focal points corresponding to an edge of the source, and that by second focal point F2, is understood where appropriate a curved plane line as shown on the figure 2 .
  • the light source 2 is arranged on the first focus F1 of the reflector, while the shaping optic 6 is arranged as a function of the position of the second focus F2 of the reflector as will be described below in more detail. It is understood that the internal face of the reflector forms a reflection face of the emitted light rays facing the first face of the substrate of the protruding light source from which the light-emitting sticks are arranged.
  • the shaping optic 6 takes the form of a divergent lens, as illustrated diagrammatically on the figure 1 .
  • the divergent lens is arranged on the optical axis 60 of the light device so that its object focus F is common to the second focus F2 of the reflector.
  • the advantage of such arrangements will be described below, in particular by referring to the paths of the light rays illustrated on the Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the components of the light device that are the source, the reflector and the divergent lens are arranged relative to this optical axis 60 of the light device, so that the light source is arranged at least partially on this axis, that the reflector has focal points positioned on this axis and that the divergent lens is centered on this axis.
  • a semiconductor light source 2 comprising electroluminescent elements of submillimetric dimensions, in the form of rods, in particular with reference to the figure 3 .
  • the light source 1 comprises a plurality of electroluminescent rods 8 which arise on a first face of a substrate 10.
  • Each electroluminescent rod here formed by the use of gallium nitride (GaN)
  • GaN gallium nitride
  • the light-emitting sticks could be made from an alloy of aluminum nitride and gallium nitride (AlGaN), or from an alloy of aluminum phosphides, indium and gallium (AllnGaP).
  • the substrate 10 has a lower face 12, on which a first electrode 14 is attached, and an upper face 16, projecting from which extend the light-emitting rods 8, playing the role of the first face of the substrate mentioned above, and on which is attached a second electrode 18.
  • Different layers of materials are superimposed on the upper face 16, in particular after the growth of the light-emitting rods from the substrate here obtained by a bottom-up approach.
  • This layer is etched so as to connect such and such a stick to each other, the lighting of these light-emitting sticks can then be controlled simultaneously by a control module not shown here. Provision may be made for at least two light-emitting sticks or at least two groups of light-emitting sticks to be arranged to be lit separately by means of an ignition control system.
  • the light emitting sticks stretch from the substrate and, as seen on the figure 3 , they each comprise a core 19 of gallium nitride, around which are arranged quantum wells 20 formed by a radial superposition of layers of different materials, here gallium nitride and gallium-indium nitride, and a shell 21 surrounding the quantum wells also made of gallium nitride.
  • Each electroluminescent rod extends along an elongation axis 22 defining its height, the base of each rod being disposed in a plane 24 of the upper face 16 of the substrate 10.
  • the light-emitting sticks 8 of the same light source advantageously have the same shape. They are each delimited by an end face 26 and by a circumferential wall 28 which extends along the axis of elongation of the rod.
  • the resulting light at the output of the semiconductor source is emitted essentially from the circumferential wall 28, it being understood that light rays can also come out of the end face 26.
  • each light-emitting stick acts as a single light-emitting diode and the luminance of this source is improved on the one hand by the density of the light-emitting sticks 8 present and on the other hand by the size of the illuminating surface defined by the circumferential wall and which therefore extends over the entire periphery, and the entire height, of the rod.
  • This circumferential wall 28 extends along the axis of elongation 22 from the substrate 10 to the end face 26, the distance from the end face 26 to the upper face 16 of the substrate, from which the rods originate. 8, defining the height of each stick.
  • an electroluminescent rod 8 is between 1 and 10 micrometers, while it is expected that the largest transverse dimension of the end face, perpendicular to the axis of elongation 22 of the rod concerned, ie less than 2 micrometers. Provision may also be made to define the surface of a rod, in a cutting plane perpendicular to this elongation axis 22, within a range of determined values, and in particular between 1.96 and 4 square micrometers.
  • the height can be modified from one zone of the light source to another, so as to increase the luminance of the corresponding zone when the average height of the rods constituting it is increased.
  • a group of light-emitting sticks can have a height, or heights, different from another group of light-emitting sticks, these two groups being constitutive of the same semiconductor light source comprising light-emitting sticks of submillimetric dimensions.
  • the light-emitting rods 8 of two rows have an average height greater than the average height of the other rods. It will be described below how these rods, here two rows, form a first assembly advantageously arranged in the vicinity of an edge of the light source arranged at the first focus F1 of the reflector.
  • the shape of the light-emitting sticks 8 can also vary from one device to another, in particular on the section of the sticks and on the shape of the end face 26.
  • the sticks have a generally cylindrical shape, and they can in particular, such as illustrated on the figure 3 , present a shape of polygonal, and more particularly hexagonal, section. We understand that it is important that light can be emitted through the circumferential wall, whether the latter has a polygonal or circular shape.
  • the end face 26 may have a substantially planar shape and perpendicular to the circumferential wall, so that it extends substantially parallel to the upper face 16 of the substrate 10, as illustrated in the figure 3 , or it may have a domed or pointed shape at its center, so as to multiply the directions of emission of the light leaving this terminal face.
  • the semiconductor light source 2 may further comprise a layer of a polymeric material in which the light-emitting rods are at least partially embedded.
  • the polymer material which can in particular be based on silicone, creates a protective layer which makes it possible to protect the light-emitting sticks without hampering the diffusion of the light rays.
  • wavelength conversion means capable of absorbing at least part of the rays emitted by one of the rods and of converting at least part of said excitation light absorbed into emission light having a wavelength different from that of the excitation light. It is equally possible to provide that the wavelength conversion means are embedded in the mass of the polymer material, or else that they are arranged on the surface of the layer of this polymer material.
  • the light source may further comprise a coating of light-reflecting material which is arranged between the light-emitting rods 8 to deflect the rays, initially oriented towards the substrate, towards the end face 26 of the light-emitting rods 8.
  • the upper face 16 of the substrate 10 may include a reflecting means which returns the light rays, initially oriented towards the upper face 16, towards the exit face of the light source. We thus recover rays that would otherwise be lost.
  • This coating is placed between the light-emitting rods 8 on the transparent conductive oxide layer 29.
  • the light-emitting sticks 8 are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. This arrangement could be such that the sticks are staggered.
  • the rods are arranged at regular intervals on the substrate 10 and the separation distance of two immediately adjacent light-emitting rods, in each of the dimensions of the matrix, must be at least equal to 2 micrometers, so that the light emitted by the circumferential wall 28 of each rod 8 can exit from the matrix of light-emitting rods.
  • these distances of separation measured between two axes of elongation 22 of adjacent rods, are not greater than 100 micrometers.
  • the light-emitting rods of submillimetric dimensions define in a plane, substantially parallel to the substrate, a determined emission surface, which has a substantially rectangular shape with a determined length and width.
  • the terms length and width are used to define the main dimensions of the emission surface formed by the rods in the plane parallel to the substrate.
  • the light source is arranged so that on the one hand the width, or short side, of the rectangular emission surface is parallel to the optical axis and that on the other hand a length, or long side, is centered on this optical axis, it being understood that one could have an eccentric arrangement.
  • the light source in the transverse direction perpendicular to the optical axis in the plane of the substrate, the light source, or at least the emission surface defined by the electroluminescent elements, is arranged symmetrically on the axis optical.
  • the arrangement of the light source will be described below, that is to say along the optical axis.
  • the main dimension of the light source, or at the very least of the emission surface defined by the electroluminescent elements extends transversely, that is to say perpendicularly, to the optical axis.
  • the light source 2 has light-emitting sticks arranged in three selectively activatable assemblies which each have a strip shape, these strips being stacked along the optical axis 60.
  • These bands respectively forming the first set 81, the second set 82 and the third set 83, are separated from their immediate neighbor by a line of demarcation, as is particularly visible on the figure 2 .
  • This line of demarcation between two successive sets here follows the shape of a straight portion, and it will be understood that it could be obtained indifferently by the physical production of a low wall projecting from the substrate, or only produced by the separate electrical connection from rod sets.
  • rods respectively associated with one or the other of the two sets on either side of the dividing line, are electrically connected so that the sets can be activated selectively.
  • the first set 81 has sticks whose average height is greater than the average height of the sticks of the second set 82 and greater than that of the sticks of the third set 83.
  • the light source 1 is arranged so that c 'is the first set 81 which is arranged on the first focus of the deflection element 4 of the rays.
  • the sets of sticks arranged more distant from this first focus have an average height of sticks substantially equal to each other, but less than that of the first set 81, which thus generates a greater luminance than the other sets of sticks. This results in a light source which has a variable luminance along the direction of the optical axis.
  • each of the electroluminescent elements so that the first set 81 of sticks has a greater luminance of 3 to 4 times the average luminance of the other sets of sticks.
  • control elements associated with the light source 2 are configured to control the activation of the first set 81 distinctly from that of the second 82 and / or the third 83 together.
  • the elliptical reflector has a first focal point on which the light source is positioned, and more particularly the longitudinal end edge corresponding to the first set of rods, and a second focal point merged with the focal point of the divergent lens.
  • This concordant point of the second focus of the reflector and the focus of the diverging lens is located on the other side of the diverging lens with respect to the light source and the reflector.
  • the divergent lens is positioned between the first and second focal points of the reflector.
  • the first rays (represented on the figure 1 by lines with a single arrow) are emitted from the first set 81 of rods 8, that is to say from the zone of the light source substantially located on the first focus of the reflector. This results in a deviation of the rays emitted towards the second focus of the reflector, the latter being elliptical or at least configured to respect this principle of elliptical bifocal reflection. These rays, before reaching the second focus of the reflector, arrive on the divergent lens.
  • Second rays (represented on the figure 1 by double arrow lines) are emitted from the second or third set of rods 8, corresponding to an area of the light source located downstream of the first focus of the reflector, that is to say located between the first focus and the second focus of the reflector. This results in deflected rays which would cause the optical axis to cut upstream of the second focus of the reflector, in the absence of a lens, as also illustrated on the figure 2 . These rays, before reaching this theoretical focal point, arrive on the divergent lens.
  • the reflector is adapted to project the image of the very bright part of the source opposite to the divergent lens, in the vicinity of the focal point of this divergent lens, so that the corresponding rays emerge parallel to the optical axis by forming the cut-off of the beam emitted at the output of the divergent lens.
  • the highest luminance is obtained by a greater average height of the rods 8 of this first set 81, but it will be understood that this high luminance could be obtained differently, by a greater density of sticks for example.
  • a high luminance area is arranged on the rear longitudinal end edge 80 of the light source 2, that is to say the edge of the light source opposite to the diverging lens. As may have been specified previously, this edge having a zone of high luminance is disposed on the first focal point of the elliptical or pseudo-elliptical reflector.
  • the first set 81 of rods of high luminance and arranged in the direct vicinity of the rear longitudinal end edge 80, generates a first part 101 of the projected beam, more intense, and successively, each set of rods, the luminance of which decreases in s moving away from the first set 81 of rods, generates a portion of less and less intense beam, and cutting the optical axis upstream of the second theoretical focus F2, so that they are caused to be projected below the horizon, by closer and closer to the vehicle, when they are corrected by the shaping optics 6 and in particular the diverging lens.
  • control elements associated with the light source control the selective activation of the light-emitting rods present in each of the rod sets.
  • the control of these assemblies can be selective in that the supply intensity of each of the sets of rods varies according to their distance from the longitudinal end edge 80 of the light source 2.
  • a beam of fire type is formed here. crossing, with a cutting edge, it being understood that other types of beam could be produced, in particular by modifying the position of the light source relative to the first focus of the reflector.
  • the present invention applies very particularly to a front headlight of a motor vehicle, and it is integrated in particular into a front face of a vehicle.
  • the modes of implementation apply to light sources comprising both light-emitting sticks extending respectively projecting from the same substrate, as described above, as with emissive blocks obtained by cutting light-emitting layers superimposed on the same substrate, these blocks replacing the sticks.

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Description

L'invention a trait au domaine de l'éclairage et/ou de la signalisation, notamment pour véhicules automobiles. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif lumineux comprenant une source de lumière, un réflecteur et une optique de mise en forme des rayons ainsi émis et déviés, agencés les uns par rapport aux autres pour la formation d'un faisceau lumineux conforme à la réglementation.The invention relates to the field of lighting and / or signaling, in particular for motor vehicles. It relates more particularly to a light device comprising a light source, a reflector and an optical system for shaping the rays thus emitted and deflected, arranged in relation to each other for the formation of a light beam in accordance with the regulations.

Dans le contexte d'une application à un véhicule automobile, il est connu d'associer à une source de lumière une lentille divergente pour former l'optique de mise en forme. La disposition du foyer objet de cette lentille à l'opposé de la source de lumière permet ainsi d'obtenir des dispositifs lumineux compacts, offrant ainsi une plus grande latitude à la conception des dispositifs d'éclairage et/ou de signalisation.In the context of an application to a motor vehicle, it is known to associate with a light source a divergent lens to form the shaping optics. The arrangement of the object focus of this lens opposite the light source thus makes it possible to obtain compact light devices, thus offering greater latitude in the design of lighting and / or signaling devices.

L'utilisation de lentille divergente est ainsi associée à des modules lumineux dans lesquels on se passe d'un élément couramment utilisé par ailleurs, à savoir un cache, ou plieuse, pouvant permettre la création d'un faisceau à coupure dont le bord correspond à la forme d'un bord dudit cache. Lorsque la lentille est associée à des sources existantes du type filament, Xénon ou Led, on subit la forme et la taille de la source, globalement carrée ou rectangulaire, de sorte qu'on ne peut obtenir qu'un faisceau à coupure plate.The use of divergent lens is thus associated with light modules in which one does without an element commonly used elsewhere, namely a cover, or bender, which can allow the creation of a cut-off beam whose edge corresponds to the shape of an edge of said cover. When the lens is associated with existing sources of the filament, Xenon or Led type, one undergoes the shape and size of the source, generally square or rectangular, so that one can only obtain a beam with flat cut-off.

Afin de réaliser un faisceau à coupure, l'ajout d'un module lumineux spécifique est alors nécessaire pour la formation de la partie inclinée de la coupure. Cette coupure s'obtient par alignement du bord supérieur des images de la source dans le faisceau projeté. Cet alignement associé à la taille des sources conduit à un faisceau épais avec la lumière concentré devant le véhicule qui risque d'éblouir le conducteur.In order to make a cut-off beam, the addition of a specific light module is then necessary for the formation of the inclined part of the cut-off. This cut is obtained by aligning the upper edge of the source images in the projected beam. This alignment associated with the size of the sources leads to a thick beam with the light concentrated in front of the vehicle which risks dazzling the driver.

Le document WO2017/025445 divulgue un dispositif lumineux selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The document WO2017 / 025445 discloses a light device according to the preamble of claim 1.

La présente invention s'inscrit dans ce contexte de recherche d'un dispositif lumineux particulièrement compact et pouvant générer un faisceau à coupure. Elle vise à proposer un dispositif lumineux de conception simple, limitant le nombre de composants à l'intérieur du dispositif. L'invention propose dans ce contexte un dispositif lumineux, notamment d'éclairage et/ou de signalisation pour véhicule automobile, comprenant une source de lumière pilotée pour réaliser l'émission de rayons lumineux, ainsi qu'une optique collectrice, disposée en regard de la source de lumière pour dévier les rayons lumineux émis, et une optique de mise en forme des rayons pour l'émission d'un faisceau lumineux en dehors du dispositif.The present invention is part of this search for a particularly compact light device capable of generating a cut-off beam. It aims to provide a light device of simple design, limiting the number of components inside the device. The invention proposes in this context a light device, in particular for lighting and / or signaling for a motor vehicle, comprising a controlled light source for producing the emission of light rays, as well as a collecting optic, arranged opposite the light source to deflect the light rays emitted, and a ray shaping optics for the emission of a light beam outside the device.

Selon l'invention, ces différents composants sont particuliers en ce que :

  • la source de lumière est une source à semi-conducteur, comprenant au moins un substrat et une pluralité d'éléments électroluminescents de dimensions submillimétriques qui s'étendent depuis une première face du substrat, les éléments électroluminescents pouvant notamment prendre la forme de bâtonnets,
  • et l'optique de mise en forme est une lentille divergente.
According to the invention, these different components are particular in that:
  • the light source is a semiconductor source, comprising at least one substrate and a plurality of electroluminescent elements of submillimetric dimensions which extend from a first face of the substrate, the electroluminescent elements can in particular take the form of rods,
  • and the shaping optics is a divergent lens.

Par ailleurs, par optique collectrice, on entend notamment un réflecteur ou une lentille, le réflecteur présentant l'avantage de pouvoir réduire l'encombrement axial.Furthermore, by collecting optics is meant in particular a reflector or a lens, the reflector having the advantage of being able to reduce the axial bulk.

Notamment, l'optique collectrice peut consister en un réflecteur de forme elliptique ou pseudo-elliptique, dont la face interne forme une face de réflexion des rayons lumineux émis tournée vers la première face du substrat de la source de lumière.In particular, the collecting optics may consist of a reflector of elliptical or pseudo-elliptical shape, the internal face of which forms a face for reflecting the emitted light rays facing the first face of the substrate of the light source.

Selon différentes caractéristiques de l'invention, prises seules ou en combinaison, on pourra prévoir que :

  • les composants du dispositif que sont la source, l'optique collectrice et la lentille divergente formant l'optique de mise en forme sont agencés relativement à un axe commun, formant l'axe optique du dispositif, de telle sorte que la source est disposée au moins en partie sur, ou au voisinage de, cet axe, que l'optique collectrice présente des foyers positionnés sur cet axe et que la lentille divergente est centrée sur, ou au voisinage de, cet axe ;
  • les éléments électroluminescents s'étendent perpendiculairement, ou sensiblement perpendiculairement, à l'axe optique du dispositif, en rapprochement de l'optique collectrice ; dans ce qui suit, on entend par sensiblement perpendiculaire ou parallèle une orientation présentant un léger décalage par rapport à la perpendiculaire ou la parallèle, par exemple de l'ordre de 1 à 5° ;
  • les éléments électroluminescents sont alignés sur l'axe optique à une hauteur équivalente de la base pour chaque élément électroluminescent, et par exemple sensiblement à mi-hauteur de ces éléments ;
  • la source de lumière est agencée au voisinage d'un premier foyer du réflecteur elliptique ou pseudo-elliptique, notamment au premier foyer ;
  • la source de lumière présente une luminance variable selon la direction de l'axe optique ;
  • une zone de forte luminance est agencée sur le bord de la source de lumière opposé à la lentille divergente formant l'optique de mise en forme ; par zone de forte luminance, on entend une zone dont la luminance est plus forte que la luminance de la zone voisine ;
  • le bord présentant une zone de forte luminance est disposé sur le premier foyer de l'optique collectrice ;
  • la luminance variable est obtenue par une densité et/ou une hauteur des éléments électroluminescents ;
  • la luminance variable peut être obtenue, alternativement ou cumulativement à ce qui précède, par une variation de l'alimentation des éléments électroluminescents ;
  • la lentille divergente formant l'optique de mise en forme est disposée sur l'axe optique du dispositif de sorte que le foyer objet de la lentille divergente est confondu avec, ou à tout le moins est au voisinage de, le deuxième foyer du réflecteur elliptique ou pseudo-elliptique formant l'optique collectrice ;
  • l'optique collectrice est adaptée pour projeter l'image de la partie de forte luminance de la source à l'opposé de la lentille divergente, au voisinage du foyer objet de cette lentille divergente, de sorte que les rayons correspondant ressortent parallèle à l'axe optique en formant la coupure du faisceau émis en sortie de la lentille divergente ;
  • la source de lumière présente une dimension principale, cette source étant agencée de sorte que cette dimension principale s'étende transversalement à l'axe optique du dispositif ;
  • la source de lumière présente une forme rectangulaire, dont le petit côté est parallèle à l'axe optique ; par source de lumière rectangulaire, on entend que la surface d'émission définie par l'agencement des éléments électroluminescents présente une forme sensiblement rectangulaire avec une longueur et une largeur déterminées, la largeur étant dans ce cas parallèle à l'axe optique ; et les éléments électroluminescents de la source peuvent être activées ou non pour former un faisceau route ou un faisceau code ;
  • la source de lumière peut présenter une forme spécifique reprenant la forme que l'on souhaite donner à la coupure du faisceau ; on peut mettre en œuvre de la sorte une forme basique de réalisation dans laquelle on associe une source de lumière à la forme adéquate et un réflecteur elliptique ;
    • la source de lumière est centrée sur l'axe optique.
According to different characteristics of the invention, taken alone or in combination, provision may be made for:
  • the components of the device which are the source, the collecting optics and the divergent lens forming the shaping optics are arranged relative to a common axis, forming the optical axis of the device, so that the source is arranged at the less partly on, or in the vicinity of, this axis, that the collecting optic has foci positioned on this axis and that the diverging lens is centered on, or in the vicinity of, this axis;
  • the electroluminescent elements extend perpendicularly, or substantially perpendicularly, to the optical axis of the device, in proximity to the collecting optics; in what follows, the expression “substantially perpendicular or parallel” means an orientation having a slight offset with respect to the perpendicular or the parallel, for example of the order of 1 to 5 °;
  • the electroluminescent elements are aligned on the optical axis at an equivalent height from the base for each electroluminescent element, and for example substantially halfway up these elements;
  • the light source is arranged in the vicinity of a first focus of the elliptical or pseudo-elliptical reflector, in particular at the first focus;
  • the light source has a variable luminance according to the direction of the optical axis;
  • a high luminance zone is arranged on the edge of the light source opposite the divergent lens forming the shaping optics; the term “high luminance zone” means a zone whose luminance is stronger than the luminance of the neighboring zone;
  • the edge having a zone of high luminance is disposed on the first focal point of the collecting optics;
  • the variable luminance is obtained by a density and / or a height of the electroluminescent elements;
  • the variable luminance can be obtained, alternatively or cumulatively to the above, by a variation of the supply of the electroluminescent elements;
  • the diverging lens forming the shaping optics is arranged on the optical axis of the device so that the focal point of the diverging lens is coincident with, or at least is in the vicinity of, the second focal point of the elliptical reflector or pseudo-elliptical forming the collecting optics;
  • the collecting optic is adapted to project the image of the high luminance part of the source opposite the divergent lens, in the vicinity of the focal point of this divergent lens, so that the corresponding rays emerge parallel to the optical axis by forming the cut-off of the beam emitted at the output of the divergent lens;
  • the light source has a main dimension, this source being arranged so that this main dimension extends transversely to the optical axis of the device;
  • the light source has a rectangular shape, the short side of which is parallel to the optical axis; the term “rectangular light source” is understood to mean that the emission surface defined by the arrangement of the electroluminescent elements has a substantially rectangular shape with a determined length and width, the width being in this case parallel to the optical axis; and the electroluminescent elements of the source can be activated or not to form a driving beam or a coded beam;
  • the light source may have a specific shape taking up the shape which it is desired to give to the beam cut-off; we can implement in this way a basic embodiment in which a light source is associated with the appropriate shape and an elliptical reflector;
    • the light source is centered on the optical axis.

Le dispositif lumineux tel qu'il vient d'être décrit peut notamment être mis en œuvre pour l'éclairage d'un véhicule automobile par un faisceau susceptible de prendre la forme d'un faisceau à coupure, l'optique collectrice et la lentille divergente étant configurés de manière à former le faisceau, à coupure ou non après réfraction par la lentille des rayons émis par la source et déviés par l'optique collectrice. Le dispositif lumineux permet ainsi de réaliser des fonctions d'éclairage et/ou de signalisation telles que feu de croisement, feu antibrouillard, et/ou le « code-virage ».The light device as just described can in particular be used for lighting a motor vehicle by a beam capable of taking the form of a cut-off beam, the collecting optics and the diverging lens being configured so as to form the beam, with or without interruption after refraction by the lens of the rays emitted by the source and deflected by the collecting optics. The light device thus makes it possible to carry out lighting and / or signaling functions such as low beam, fog light, and / or the “turn code”.

Dans ce dernier cas notamment, le bord de coupure du faisceau à coupure peut être généré par des rayons lumineux émis depuis un bord de la source de lumière à éléments électroluminescents ; et ce bord de coupure du faisceau à coupure peut être généré par des rayons lumineux émis depuis un bord de la source de lumière à éléments électroluminescents configuré pour émettre des rayons de forte luminance. Comme précédemment, par forte luminance, on entend des rayons dont la luminance est plus forte que la luminance des rayons d'une zone voisine.In the latter case in particular, the cut-off edge of the cut-off beam can be generated by light rays emitted from an edge of the light source with electroluminescent elements; and this cut-off edge of the cut-off beam can be generated by light rays emitted from an edge of the light source with electroluminescent elements configured to emit rays of high luminance. As before, by high luminance is meant rays whose luminance is stronger than the luminance of the rays of a neighboring area.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture ci-dessous de la description détaillée d'exemples non limitatifs, en se référant aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un module lumineux selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel une source de lumière à semi-conducteur est rendue solidaire d'un support de manière à émettre vers un réflecteur configuré pour renvoyer les rayons émis vers une lentille divergente, deux tracés de rayons étant représentés à titre d'exemple pour illustrer le principe de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une représentation schématique du module lumineux de la figure 1, vu de dessus, dans laquelle on a retiré la lentille divergente pour illustrer la forme que prendrait le faisceau projeté dans le plan de la source en l'absence de lentille divergente, étant entendu que selon l'invention, c'est cette image qui est projetée sur la route lorsque la lentille divergente est présente ;
  • et la figure 3 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'une portion de la source de lumière à semi-conducteur comportant une pluralité d'éléments électroluminescents, sous forme de bâtonnets, s'étendant en saillie d'un substrat et dans laquelle on a rendu visible en coupe une rangée de ces éléments électroluminescents, sous forme de bâtonnets.
The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the detailed description of nonlimiting examples below, with reference to the appended drawings among which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation of a light module according to an embodiment of the invention, in which a semiconductor light source is made integral with a support so as to emit to a reflector configured to return the rays emitted to a divergent lens, two ray tracings being shown by way of example to illustrate the principle of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic representation of the light module of the figure 1 , seen from above, in which the divergent lens has been removed to illustrate the shape that the beam projected in the plane of the source would take in the absence of a diverging lens, it being understood that according to the invention, it is this image which is projected onto the road when the diverging lens is present;
  • and the figure 3 is a schematic perspective representation of a portion of the semiconductor light source comprising a plurality of elements electroluminescent, in the form of rods, projecting from a substrate and in which a section of these electroluminescent elements has been made visible in section, in the form of rods.

Un dispositif lumineux 1, notamment pour l'éclairage et/ou la signalisation d'un véhicule automobile, comporte une source de lumière 2, notamment logée dans un boîtier fermé par une glace et qui définit un volume interne de réception 3, schématisé sur la figure 1, de cette source de lumière. Le dispositif lumineux comporte en outre une optique collectrice 4, formant élément de déviation des rayons lumineux émis par la source de lumière 2 et une optique de mise en forme 6. Le dispositif est configuré de sorte que l'optique de mise en forme 6 est adaptée à imager à l'infini la source de lumière par déviation d'au moins une partie des rayons lumineux émis par cette source de lumière. On saura décrire ci-après l'intérêt d'un tel dispositif notamment pour la réalisation d'un feu de croisement, c'est à dire un faisceau à coupure.A light device 1, in particular for the lighting and / or signaling of a motor vehicle, comprises a light source 2, in particular housed in a housing closed by a crystal and which defines an internal reception volume 3, shown diagrammatically on the figure 1 , from this light source. The light device further comprises a collecting optic 4, forming an element for deflecting the light rays emitted by the light source 2 and a shaping optic 6. The device is configured so that the shaping optic 6 is adapted to infinitely image the light source by deflection of at least part of the light rays emitted by this light source. We will be able to describe below the advantage of such a device in particular for the production of a low beam, ie a cut-off beam.

Sur la figure 1, la source de lumière 2 est disposée sur un bâti 7, formant moyen de d'échange de la chaleur émise par la source de lumière. L'optique collectrice 4, prenant ici la forme d'un réflecteur elliptique, est également disposé sur le bâti 7, en recouvrement de la source de lumière. Le bâti 7 supporte également des moyens d'alimentation électrique de la source, ici non représentés, pour l'alimentation et l'activation des éléments électroluminescents de la source de lumière.On the figure 1 , the light source 2 is arranged on a frame 7, forming means for exchanging the heat emitted by the light source. The collecting optic 4, here taking the form of an elliptical reflector, is also arranged on the frame 7, overlapping the light source. The frame 7 also supports means for supplying electricity to the source, not shown here, for supplying and activating the electroluminescent elements of the light source.

L'optique de mise en forme 6 est centrée sur un axe optique 60 du dispositif lumineux selon l'invention, sur lequel est en outre disposée la source de lumière. Dans l'exemple illustré, la source de lumière 2 est centrée transversalement sur l'axe optique 60 (tel que visible sur la figure 2) et elle est disposée verticalement de manière à ce que l'axe optique passe à hauteur des éléments émissifs composant cette source de lumière. On comprend que dans une variante de réalisation, la source peut être entièrement disposée d'un seul côté de cet axe optique.The shaping optic 6 is centered on an optical axis 60 of the light device according to the invention, on which is further arranged the light source. In the example illustrated, the light source 2 is centered transversely on the optical axis 60 (as visible on the figure 2 ) and it is arranged vertically so that the optical axis passes up to the emissive elements making up this light source. It is understood that in an alternative embodiment, the source can be entirely disposed on one side of this optical axis.

La source de lumière 2 est orientée de sorte que les rayons qu'elle émet soient dirigés principalement vers l'élément de déviation 4 des rayons, un cache ici non représenté pouvant être disposé au voisinage de la source de lumière pour bloquer des rayons qui partiraient vers l'optique de mise en forme sans entrer en contact au préalable de l'élément de déviation. Un tel cache serait en pratique sensiblement vertical et disposé à proximité de la source, entre la source et l'optique de mise en forme.The light source 2 is oriented so that the rays it emits are directed mainly towards the ray deflection element 4, a cover here not shown that can be placed in the vicinity of the light source to block rays which would leave towards the shaping optics without first contacting the element of deviation. Such a cover would in practice be substantially vertical and disposed near the source, between the source and the shaping optics.

La source de lumière 2 comprend selon l'invention une pluralité d'éléments électroluminescents 8, de dimensions submillimétriques, qui sont agencés en saillie d'un substrat 10 de manière à former ici des bâtonnets de section hexagonale. Les éléments électroluminescents s'étendent perpendiculairement au substrat et perpendiculairement à l'axe optique du dispositif, en rapprochement de l'élément de déviation 4 des rayons. On peut notamment prévoir que dans ce contexte, l'axe optique est situé à mi-hauteur de la hauteur moyenne des éléments électroluminescents équipant cette source de lumière 2.The light source 2 according to the invention comprises a plurality of electroluminescent elements 8, of submillimetric dimensions, which are arranged projecting from a substrate 10 so as to form here rods of hexagonal section. The electroluminescent elements extend perpendicular to the substrate and perpendicular to the optical axis of the device, in proximity to the deflection element 4 of the rays. One can in particular provide that in this context, the optical axis is located halfway up the average height of the electroluminescent elements equipping this light source 2.

En variante, on peut aussi placer la source sous l'axe qui alors passerait au voisinage de la surface émettrice supérieure formée au voisinage de l'extrémité libre des éléments électroluminescents, le cas échéant au voisinage d'une surface supérieure d'un matériau de conversion de longueur d'onde.Alternatively, the source can also be placed under the axis which would then pass in the vicinity of the upper emitting surface formed in the vicinity of the free end of the electroluminescent elements, if necessary in the vicinity of an upper surface of a material of wavelength conversion.

Ces éléments électroluminescents 8 peuvent être regroupés, notamment par des connexions électriques propres à chaque ensemble, en une pluralité de zones. Dans le cas illustré sur la figure 2, on peut noter un raccordement électrique des bâtonnets tel que sont formés trois ensembles de bâtonnets, parmi lesquelles au moins un premier ensemble 81, un deuxième ensemble 82 et un troisième ensemble 83 que l'on décrira plus en détails ci-après.These electroluminescent elements 8 can be grouped, in particular by electrical connections specific to each set, into a plurality of zones. In the case illustrated on the figure 2 , an electrical connection of the sticks can be noted such that three sets of sticks are formed, among which at least a first set 81, a second set 82 and a third set 83 which will be described in more detail below.

Tel que cela a été précisé, le bâti 7 joue le rôle d'un élément de support de la source de lumière 2 et celui d'un dispositif de refroidissement associé à la source de lumière, la source de lumière à éléments électroluminescents étant ici collée sur ce dispositif de refroidissement. En variante, la source de lumière peut être soudée sur une plaque de circuits imprimés, lui-même assemblé au bâti formant radiateur, éventuellement par un adhésif bon conducteur de chaleur.As has been specified, the frame 7 plays the role of a support element for the light source 2 and that of a cooling device associated with the light source, the light source with electroluminescent elements being glued here. on this cooling device. As a variant, the light source can be soldered onto a printed circuit board, itself assembled to the frame forming a radiator, optionally by an adhesive which is a good heat conductor.

L'élément de déviation 4 des rayons présente dans l'exemple illustré la forme d'un réflecteur elliptique, ou tout au moins configuré de manière elliptique, c'est-à-dire présentant deux foyers optiques tels que les rayons passant par le premier foyer avant leur déviation par le réflecteur passent par le deuxième foyer après leur déviation. On comprend que par premier foyer F1, on entend le cas échéant une pluralité de premiers foyers, et dans une solution optimisée une ligne de premiers foyers correspondant à un bord de la source, et que par deuxième foyer F2, on entend le cas échéant une ligne plane courbe comme représenté sur la figure 2. La source de lumière 2 est disposée sur le premier foyer F1 du réflecteur, tandis que l'optique de mise en forme 6 est disposée en fonction de la position du deuxième foyer F2 du réflecteur tel que cela sera décrit ci-après plus en détails. On comprend que la face interne du réflecteur forme une face de réflexion des rayons lumineux émis tournée vers la première face du substrat de la source de lumière en saillie de laquelle sont agencés les bâtonnets électroluminescents.The ray deflection element 4 in the example illustrated has the form of an elliptical reflector, or at least configured elliptically, that is to say having two optical focal points such as the rays passing through the first focus before their deflection by the reflector pass through the second focus after their deflection. It is understood that by first focal point F1 is meant, where appropriate, a plurality of first focal points, and in an optimized solution a line of first focal points corresponding to an edge of the source, and that by second focal point F2, is understood where appropriate a curved plane line as shown on the figure 2 . The light source 2 is arranged on the first focus F1 of the reflector, while the shaping optic 6 is arranged as a function of the position of the second focus F2 of the reflector as will be described below in more detail. It is understood that the internal face of the reflector forms a reflection face of the emitted light rays facing the first face of the substrate of the protruding light source from which the light-emitting sticks are arranged.

L'optique de mise en forme 6 prend la forme d'une lentille divergente, telle qu'illustrée schématiquement sur la figure 1. La lentille divergente est agencée sur l'axe optique 60 du dispositif lumineux de sorte que son foyer objet F est commun au deuxième foyer F2 du réflecteur. On saura décrire ci-après l'intérêt de telles dispositions, notamment en se référant aux trajets des rayons lumineux illustrés sur les figures 1 et 2. De manière générale, les composants du dispositif lumineux que sont la source, le réflecteur et la lentille divergente sont agencés relativement à cet axe optique 60 du dispositif lumineux, de telle sorte que la source de lumière est disposée au moins en partie sur cet axe, que le réflecteur présente des foyers positionnés sur cet axe et que la lentille divergente est centrée sur cet axe.The shaping optic 6 takes the form of a divergent lens, as illustrated diagrammatically on the figure 1 . The divergent lens is arranged on the optical axis 60 of the light device so that its object focus F is common to the second focus F2 of the reflector. The advantage of such arrangements will be described below, in particular by referring to the paths of the light rays illustrated on the Figures 1 and 2 . In general, the components of the light device that are the source, the reflector and the divergent lens are arranged relative to this optical axis 60 of the light device, so that the light source is arranged at least partially on this axis, that the reflector has focal points positioned on this axis and that the divergent lens is centered on this axis.

On va dans un premier temps décrire la structure d'une source de lumière 2 à semi-conducteurs comportant des éléments électroluminescents de dimensions submillimétriques, sous forme de bâtonnets, notamment en se référant à la figure 3.We will first describe the structure of a semiconductor light source 2 comprising electroluminescent elements of submillimetric dimensions, in the form of rods, in particular with reference to the figure 3 .

La source de lumière 1 comprend une pluralité de bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 qui prennent naissance sur une première face d'un substrat 10. Chaque bâtonnet électroluminescent, ici formé par utilisation de nitrure de gallium (GaN), s'étend perpendiculairement, ou sensiblement perpendiculairement, en saillie du substrat, ici réalisé à base de silicium, d'autres matériaux comme du carbure de silicium pouvant être utilisés sans sortir du contexte de l'invention. A titre d'exemple, les bâtonnets électroluminescents pourraient être réalisés à partir d'un alliage de nitrure d'aluminium et de nitrure de gallium (AlGaN), ou à partir d'un alliage de phosphures d'aluminium, d'indium et de gallium (AllnGaP).The light source 1 comprises a plurality of electroluminescent rods 8 which arise on a first face of a substrate 10. Each electroluminescent rod, here formed by the use of gallium nitride (GaN), extends perpendicularly, or substantially perpendicularly, projecting from the substrate, here made from silicon, other materials such as silicon carbide can be used without departing from the context of the invention. For example, the light-emitting sticks could be made from an alloy of aluminum nitride and gallium nitride (AlGaN), or from an alloy of aluminum phosphides, indium and gallium (AllnGaP).

Le substrat 10 présente une face inférieure 12, sur laquelle est rapportée une première électrode 14, et une face supérieure 16, en saillie de laquelle s'étendent les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8, jouant le rôle de la première face du substrat précédemment évoquée, et sur laquelle est rapportée une deuxième électrode 18. Différentes couches de matériaux sont superposées sur la face supérieure 16, notamment après la croissance des bâtonnets électroluminescents depuis le substrat ici obtenue par une approche ascendante. Parmi ces différentes couches, on peut trouver au moins une couche de matériau conducteur électriquement, afin de permettre l'alimentation électrique des bâtonnets. Cette couche est gravée de manière à relier tel ou tel bâtonnet entre eux, l'allumage de ces bâtonnets électroluminescents pouvant alors être commandé simultanément par un module de commande ici non représenté. On pourra prévoir qu'au moins deux bâtonnets électroluminescents ou au moins deux groupes de bâtonnets électroluminescents sont agencés pour être allumés de manière distincte par l'intermédiaire d'un système de contrôle de l'allumage.The substrate 10 has a lower face 12, on which a first electrode 14 is attached, and an upper face 16, projecting from which extend the light-emitting rods 8, playing the role of the first face of the substrate mentioned above, and on which is attached a second electrode 18. Different layers of materials are superimposed on the upper face 16, in particular after the growth of the light-emitting rods from the substrate here obtained by a bottom-up approach. Among these different layers, there can be found at least one layer of electrically conductive material, in order to allow the electrical supply of the rods. This layer is etched so as to connect such and such a stick to each other, the lighting of these light-emitting sticks can then be controlled simultaneously by a control module not shown here. Provision may be made for at least two light-emitting sticks or at least two groups of light-emitting sticks to be arranged to be lit separately by means of an ignition control system.

Comme cela a été précisé précédemment, il est envisagé de raccorder les bâtonnets électroluminescents par des ensembles de bâtonnets adressables sélectivement les uns des autres et au sein desquels chaque bâtonnet est piloté simultanément, ces ensembles prenant ici la forme de bandes, au nombre de trois dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 2.As previously specified, it is envisaged to connect the light-emitting sticks by sets of sticks which can be addressed selectively from one another and within which each stick is driven simultaneously, these sets here taking the form of bands, three in number in the example illustrated on the figure 2 .

Les bâtonnets électroluminescents s'étirent depuis le substrat et, tel que cela est visible sur la figure 3, ils comportent chacun un noyau 19 en nitrure de gallium, autour duquel sont disposés des puits quantiques 20 formés par une superposition radiale de couches de matériaux différents, ici du nitrure de gallium et du nitrure de gallium-indium, et une coque 21 entourant les puits quantiques également réalisé en nitrure de gallium.The light emitting sticks stretch from the substrate and, as seen on the figure 3 , they each comprise a core 19 of gallium nitride, around which are arranged quantum wells 20 formed by a radial superposition of layers of different materials, here gallium nitride and gallium-indium nitride, and a shell 21 surrounding the quantum wells also made of gallium nitride.

Chaque bâtonnet électroluminescent s'étend selon un axe d'allongement 22 définissant sa hauteur, la base de chaque bâtonnet étant disposée dans un plan 24 de la face supérieure 16 du substrat 10.Each electroluminescent rod extends along an elongation axis 22 defining its height, the base of each rod being disposed in a plane 24 of the upper face 16 of the substrate 10.

Les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 d'une même source de lumière présentent avantageusement la même forme. Ils sont chacun délimités par une face terminale 26 et par une paroi circonférentielle 28 qui s'étend le long de l'axe d'allongement du bâtonnet. Lorsque les bâtonnets électroluminescents sont dopés et font l'objet d'une polarisation, la lumière résultante en sortie de la source à semi-conducteurs est émise essentiellement à partir de la paroi circonférentielle 28, étant entendu que des rayons lumineux peuvent sortir également de la face terminale 26. Il en résulte que chaque bâtonnet électroluminescent agit comme une unique diode électroluminescente et que la luminance de cette source est améliorée d'une part par la densité des bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 présents et d'autre part par la taille de la surface éclairante définie par la paroi circonférentielle et qui s'étend donc sur tout le pourtour, et toute la hauteur, du bâtonnet.The light-emitting sticks 8 of the same light source advantageously have the same shape. They are each delimited by an end face 26 and by a circumferential wall 28 which extends along the axis of elongation of the rod. When the light-emitting rods are doped and are the subject of a polarization, the resulting light at the output of the semiconductor source is emitted essentially from the circumferential wall 28, it being understood that light rays can also come out of the end face 26. As a result, each light-emitting stick acts as a single light-emitting diode and the luminance of this source is improved on the one hand by the density of the light-emitting sticks 8 present and on the other hand by the size of the illuminating surface defined by the circumferential wall and which therefore extends over the entire periphery, and the entire height, of the rod.

La paroi circonférentielle 28 d'un bâtonnet électroluminescent 8, correspondant à la coquille de nitrure de gallium, est recouverte par une couche d'oxyde conducteur transparent (OCT) 29 qui forme l'anode de chaque bâtonnet complémentaire à la cathode formée par le substrat. Cette paroi circonférentielle 28 s'étend le long de l'axe d'allongement 22 depuis le substrat 10 jusqu'à la face terminale 26, la distance de la face terminale 26 à la face supérieure 16 du substrat, depuis laquelle prennent naissance les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8, définissant la hauteur de chaque bâtonnet. A titre d'exemple, on prévoit que la hauteur d'un bâtonnet électroluminescent 8 est comprise entre 1 et 10 micromètres, tandis que l'on prévoit que la plus grande dimension transversale de la face terminale, perpendiculairement à l'axe d'allongement 22 du bâtonnet concerné, soit inférieure à 2 micromètres. On pourra également prévoir de définir la surface d'un bâtonnet, dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à cet axe d'allongement 22, dans une plage de valeurs déterminées, et notamment entre 1.96 et 4 micromètres carré.The circumferential wall 28 of an electroluminescent rod 8, corresponding to the gallium nitride shell, is covered by a layer of transparent conductive oxide (OCT) 29 which forms the anode of each rod complementary to the cathode formed by the substrate . This circumferential wall 28 extends along the axis of elongation 22 from the substrate 10 to the end face 26, the distance from the end face 26 to the upper face 16 of the substrate, from which the rods originate. 8, defining the height of each stick. For example, it is expected that the height of an electroluminescent rod 8 is between 1 and 10 micrometers, while it is expected that the largest transverse dimension of the end face, perpendicular to the axis of elongation 22 of the rod concerned, ie less than 2 micrometers. Provision may also be made to define the surface of a rod, in a cutting plane perpendicular to this elongation axis 22, within a range of determined values, and in particular between 1.96 and 4 square micrometers.

On comprend que, lors de la formation des bâtonnets électroluminescents 8, la hauteur peut être modifiée d'une zone de la source de lumière à l'autre, de manière à accroitre la luminance de la zone correspondante lorsque la hauteur moyenne des bâtonnets la constituant est augmentée. Ainsi, un groupe de bâtonnets électroluminescents peut avoir une hauteur, ou des hauteurs, différentes d'un autre groupe de bâtonnets électroluminescents, ces deux groupes étant constitutifs de la même source de lumière à semi-conducteur comprenant des bâtonnets électroluminescents de dimensions submillimétriques.It is understood that, during the formation of the light-emitting rods 8, the height can be modified from one zone of the light source to another, so as to increase the luminance of the corresponding zone when the average height of the rods constituting it is increased. Thus, a group of light-emitting sticks can have a height, or heights, different from another group of light-emitting sticks, these two groups being constitutive of the same semiconductor light source comprising light-emitting sticks of submillimetric dimensions.

Il est notamment visible sur les figures 1 et 3 que les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 de deux rangées présentent une hauteur moyenne plus importante que la hauteur moyenne des autres bâtonnets. Il sera décrit ci-après comment ces bâtonnets, ici deux rangées, forment un premier ensemble avantageusement disposé au voisinage d'un bord de la source de lumière agencé au premier foyer F1 du réflecteur.It is particularly visible on Figures 1 and 3 that the light-emitting rods 8 of two rows have an average height greater than the average height of the other rods. It will be described below how these rods, here two rows, form a first assembly advantageously arranged in the vicinity of an edge of the light source arranged at the first focus F1 of the reflector.

La forme des bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 peut également varier d'un dispositif à l'autre, notamment sur la section des bâtonnets et sur la forme de la face terminale 26. Les bâtonnets présentent une forme générale cylindrique, et ils peuvent notamment, tel qu'illustré sur la figure 3, présenter une forme de section polygonale, et plus particulièrement hexagonale. On comprend qu'il importe que de la lumière puisse être émise à travers la paroi circonférentielle, que celle-ci présente une forme polygonale ou circulaire.The shape of the light-emitting sticks 8 can also vary from one device to another, in particular on the section of the sticks and on the shape of the end face 26. The sticks have a generally cylindrical shape, and they can in particular, such as illustrated on the figure 3 , present a shape of polygonal, and more particularly hexagonal, section. We understand that it is important that light can be emitted through the circumferential wall, whether the latter has a polygonal or circular shape.

Par ailleurs, la face terminale 26 peut présenter une forme sensiblement plane et perpendiculaire à la paroi circonférentielle, de sorte qu'elle s'étend sensiblement parallèlement à la face supérieure 16 du substrat 10, tel que cela est illustré sur la figure 3, ou bien elle peut présenter une forme bombée ou en pointe en son centre, de manière à multiplier les directions d'émission de la lumière sortant de cette face terminale.Furthermore, the end face 26 may have a substantially planar shape and perpendicular to the circumferential wall, so that it extends substantially parallel to the upper face 16 of the substrate 10, as illustrated in the figure 3 , or it may have a domed or pointed shape at its center, so as to multiply the directions of emission of the light leaving this terminal face.

Dans une variante non représentée, la source de lumière 2 à semi-conducteur peut comporter en outre une couche d'un matériau polymère dans laquelle les bâtonnets électroluminescents sont au moins partiellement noyées. Le matériau polymère, qui peut notamment être à base de silicone, crée une couche protectrice qui permet de protéger les bâtonnets électroluminescents sans gêner la diffusion des rayons lumineux. En outre, il est possible d'intégrer dans cette couche de matériau polymère des moyens de conversion de longueur d'onde, et par exemple des luminophores, aptes à absorber au moins une partie des rayons émis par l'un des bâtonnets et à convertir au moins une partie de ladite lumière d'excitation absorbée en une lumière d'émission ayant une longueur d'onde différente de celle de la lumière d'excitation. On pourra prévoir indifféremment que les moyens de conversion de longueur d'onde sont noyés dans la masse du matériau polymère, ou bien qu'ils sont disposés en surface de la couche de ce matériau polymère.In a variant not shown, the semiconductor light source 2 may further comprise a layer of a polymeric material in which the light-emitting rods are at least partially embedded. The polymer material, which can in particular be based on silicone, creates a protective layer which makes it possible to protect the light-emitting sticks without hampering the diffusion of the light rays. In addition, it is possible to integrate in this layer of polymeric material wavelength conversion means, and for example phosphors, capable of absorbing at least part of the rays emitted by one of the rods and of converting at least part of said excitation light absorbed into emission light having a wavelength different from that of the excitation light. It is equally possible to provide that the wavelength conversion means are embedded in the mass of the polymer material, or else that they are arranged on the surface of the layer of this polymer material.

La source de lumière peut comporter en outre un revêtement de matériau réfléchissant la lumière qui est disposé entre les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 pour dévier les rayons, initialement orientés vers le substrat, vers la face terminale 26 des bâtonnets électroluminescents 8. En d'autres termes, la face supérieure 16 du substrat 10 peut comporter un moyen réfléchissant qui renvoie les rayons lumineux, initialement orientés vers la face supérieure 16, vers la face de sortie de la source de lumière. On récupère ainsi des rayons qui autrement seraient perdus. Ce revêtement est disposé entre les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 sur la couche d'oxyde conducteur transparent 29.The light source may further comprise a coating of light-reflecting material which is arranged between the light-emitting rods 8 to deflect the rays, initially oriented towards the substrate, towards the end face 26 of the light-emitting rods 8. In other words, the upper face 16 of the substrate 10 may include a reflecting means which returns the light rays, initially oriented towards the upper face 16, towards the exit face of the light source. We thus recover rays that would otherwise be lost. This coating is placed between the light-emitting rods 8 on the transparent conductive oxide layer 29.

Les bâtonnets électroluminescents 8 sont agencés en matrice à deux dimensions. Cet agencement pourrait être tel que les bâtonnets soient agencés en quinconce. De manière générale, les bâtonnets sont disposés à intervalles réguliers sur le substrat 10 et la distance de séparation de deux bâtonnets électroluminescents immédiatement adjacents, dans chacune des dimensions de la matrice, doit être au minimum égale à 2 micromètres, afin que la lumière émise par la paroi circonférentielle 28 de chaque bâtonnet 8 puisse sortir de la matrice de bâtonnets électroluminescents. Par ailleurs, on prévoit que ces distances de séparation, mesurées entre deux axes d'allongement 22 de bâtonnets adjacents, ne soient pas supérieures à 100 micromètres.The light-emitting sticks 8 are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. This arrangement could be such that the sticks are staggered. Generally, the rods are arranged at regular intervals on the substrate 10 and the separation distance of two immediately adjacent light-emitting rods, in each of the dimensions of the matrix, must be at least equal to 2 micrometers, so that the light emitted by the circumferential wall 28 of each rod 8 can exit from the matrix of light-emitting rods. Furthermore, it is expected that these distances of separation, measured between two axes of elongation 22 of adjacent rods, are not greater than 100 micrometers.

Les bâtonnets électroluminescents de dimensions submillimétriques définissent dans un plan, sensiblement parallèle au substrat, une surface d'émission déterminée, qui présente une forme sensiblement rectangulaire avec une longueur et une largeur déterminées. Tel qu'illustré sur la figure 2, les termes de longueur et de largeur sont employés pour définir les dimensions principales de la surface d'émission formée par les bâtonnets dans le plan parallèle au substrat. Et il est notable sur cette figure 2 que la source de lumière est agencée pour que d'une part la largeur, ou petit côté, de la surface d'émission rectangulaire soit parallèle à l'axe optique et que d'autre part une longueur, ou grand côté, soit centrée sur cet axe optique, étant entendu qu'on pourrait avoir un agencement excentré. En d'autres termes, dans la direction transversale perpendiculaire à l'axe optique dans le plan du substrat, la source de lumière, ou à tout le moins la surface d'émission définie par les éléments électroluminescents, est disposée symétriquement sur l'axe optique. On décrira ci-après l'agencement de la source de lumière longitudinalement, c'est-à-dire le long de l'axe optique. On comprend de ce qui précède, et tel que cela est illustré sur la figure 2, que la dimension principale de la source de lumière, ou à tout le moins de la surface d'émission définie par les éléments électroluminescents, s'étend transversalement, c'est-à-dire perpendiculairement, à l'axe optique.The light-emitting rods of submillimetric dimensions define in a plane, substantially parallel to the substrate, a determined emission surface, which has a substantially rectangular shape with a determined length and width. As shown in the figure 2 , the terms length and width are used to define the main dimensions of the emission surface formed by the rods in the plane parallel to the substrate. And it is notable on this figure 2 that the light source is arranged so that on the one hand the width, or short side, of the rectangular emission surface is parallel to the optical axis and that on the other hand a length, or long side, is centered on this optical axis, it being understood that one could have an eccentric arrangement. In other words, in the transverse direction perpendicular to the optical axis in the plane of the substrate, the light source, or at least the emission surface defined by the electroluminescent elements, is arranged symmetrically on the axis optical. The arrangement of the light source will be described below, that is to say along the optical axis. We understand from the above, and as illustrated in the figure 2 , that the main dimension of the light source, or at the very least of the emission surface defined by the electroluminescent elements, extends transversely, that is to say perpendicularly, to the optical axis.

Tel que cela a été décrit précédemment, dans l'exemple illustré selon l'invention, la source de lumière 2 présente des bâtonnets électroluminescents agencés en trois ensembles activables sélectivement qui présentent chacun une forme de bande, ces bandes étant empilées le long de l'axe optique 60. Ces bandes formant respectivement le premier ensemble 81, le deuxième ensemble 82 et le troisième ensemble 83, sont séparées de leur voisine immédiate par une ligne de démarcation, tel que cela est notamment visible sur la figure 2. Cette ligne de démarcation entre deux ensembles successifs suit ici la forme d'une portion de droite, et on comprendra qu'elle pourrait être obtenue indifféremment par la réalisation physique d'un muret s'étendant en saillie du substrat, ou uniquement réalisée par le raccordement électrique distinct des ensembles de bâtonnets.As described above, in the example illustrated according to the invention, the light source 2 has light-emitting sticks arranged in three selectively activatable assemblies which each have a strip shape, these strips being stacked along the optical axis 60. These bands respectively forming the first set 81, the second set 82 and the third set 83, are separated from their immediate neighbor by a line of demarcation, as is particularly visible on the figure 2 . This line of demarcation between two successive sets here follows the shape of a straight portion, and it will be understood that it could be obtained indifferently by the physical production of a low wall projecting from the substrate, or only produced by the separate electrical connection from rod sets.

Dans chacun des cas, on comprend que les bâtonnets, associés respectivement à l'un ou l'autre des deux ensembles de part et d'autre de la ligne de démarcation, sont connectés électriquement pour que les ensembles soient activables sélectivement.In each case, it is understood that the rods, respectively associated with one or the other of the two sets on either side of the dividing line, are electrically connected so that the sets can be activated selectively.

Le premier ensemble 81 présente des bâtonnets dont la hauteur moyenne est supérieure à la hauteur moyenne des bâtonnets du deuxième ensemble 82 et supérieure à celle des bâtonnets du troisième ensemble 83. Tel que précisé précédemment, la source de lumière 1 est agencée de sorte que c'est le premier ensemble 81 qui est disposée sur le premier foyer de l'élément de déviation 4 des rayons. Les ensembles de bâtonnets disposés plus à distance de ce premier foyer présentent une hauteur moyenne de bâtonnets sensiblement égale entre eux, mais inférieur à celle du premier ensemble 81, qui génère ainsi une luminance plus importante que les autres ensembles de bâtonnets. Il en résulte une source de lumière qui présente une luminance variable le long de la direction de l'axe optique.The first set 81 has sticks whose average height is greater than the average height of the sticks of the second set 82 and greater than that of the sticks of the third set 83. As previously specified, the light source 1 is arranged so that c 'is the first set 81 which is arranged on the first focus of the deflection element 4 of the rays. The sets of sticks arranged more distant from this first focus have an average height of sticks substantially equal to each other, but less than that of the first set 81, which thus generates a greater luminance than the other sets of sticks. This results in a light source which has a variable luminance along the direction of the optical axis.

Dans ce contexte, on peut prévoir de configurer chacun des éléments électroluminescents de sorte que le premier ensemble 81 de bâtonnets présente une luminance plus importante de 3 à 4 fois la luminance moyenne des autres ensembles de bâtonnets.In this context, provision can be made to configure each of the electroluminescent elements so that the first set 81 of sticks has a greater luminance of 3 to 4 times the average luminance of the other sets of sticks.

On comprend de ce qui précède que des éléments de pilotage associés à la source de lumière 2 sont configurés pour piloter l'activation du premier ensemble 81 distinctement de celle du deuxième 82 et/ou du troisième 83 ensemble.It will be understood from the above that the control elements associated with the light source 2 are configured to control the activation of the first set 81 distinctly from that of the second 82 and / or the third 83 together.

On va maintenant décrire plus en détails les positions relatives les uns par rapport aux autres de la source de lumière 2, du réflecteur elliptique formant l'élément de déviation optique 4 et de la lentille divergente formant l'optique de mise en forme 6, et l'impact que cela a sur le trajet des rayons.We will now describe in more detail the relative positions with respect to each other of the light source 2, of the elliptical reflector forming the optical deflection element 4 and of the divergent lens forming the shaping optics 6, and the impact this has on the ray path.

Le réflecteur elliptique présente un premier foyer sur lequel est positionnée la source de lumière, et plus particulièrement le bord d'extrémité longitudinal correspondant au premier ensemble de bâtonnets, et un deuxième foyer confondu avec le foyer objet de la lentille divergente. Ce point concordant du deuxième foyer du réflecteur et du foyer de la lentille divergente est situé de l'autre côté de la lentille divergente par rapport à la source de lumière et le réflecteur. En d'autres termes, la lentille divergente est positionnée entre le premier et le deuxième foyer du réflecteur.The elliptical reflector has a first focal point on which the light source is positioned, and more particularly the longitudinal end edge corresponding to the first set of rods, and a second focal point merged with the focal point of the divergent lens. This concordant point of the second focus of the reflector and the focus of the diverging lens is located on the other side of the diverging lens with respect to the light source and the reflector. In other words, the divergent lens is positioned between the first and second focal points of the reflector.

Des premiers rayons (représentés sur la figure 1 par des traits à simple flèche) sont émis depuis le premier ensemble 81 de bâtonnets 8, c'est-à-dire depuis la zone de la source de lumière sensiblement située sur le premier foyer du réflecteur. Il en résulte une déviation des rayons émis en direction du deuxième foyer du réflecteur, celui-ci étant elliptique ou tout au moins configuré de manière à respecter ce principe de réflexion elliptique à double foyer. Ces rayons, avant d'atteindre le deuxième foyer du réflecteur, arrivent sur la lentille divergente. L'incidence de ces rayons étant telle qu'ils passent théoriquement par le foyer objet de la lentille, puisque confondu avec le deuxième foyer du réflecteur, les rayons sont alors projetés en sortie de la lentille divergente parallèlement, ou sensiblement parallèlement, à l'axe optique 60.The first rays (represented on the figure 1 by lines with a single arrow) are emitted from the first set 81 of rods 8, that is to say from the zone of the light source substantially located on the first focus of the reflector. This results in a deviation of the rays emitted towards the second focus of the reflector, the latter being elliptical or at least configured to respect this principle of elliptical bifocal reflection. These rays, before reaching the second focus of the reflector, arrive on the divergent lens. The incidence of these rays being such that they theoretically pass through the focal point of the lens, since coincident with the second focal point of the reflector, the rays are then projected at the exit of the diverging lens parallel, or substantially parallel, to the optical axis 60.

Des deuxièmes rayons (représentés sur la figure 1 par des traits à double flèche) sont émis depuis le deuxième ou troisième ensemble de bâtonnets 8, correspondant à une zone de la source de lumière située en aval du premier foyer du réflecteur, c'est-à-dire située entre le premier foyer et le deuxième foyer du réflecteur. Il en résulte des rayons déviés qui seraient amenés à couper l'axe optique en amont du deuxième foyer du réflecteur, en l'absence de lentille, tel qu'illustré également sur la figure 2. Ces rayons, avant d'atteindre ce point de focalisation théorique, arrivent sur la lentille divergente. L'incidence de ces rayons étant telle qu'ils passent théoriquement en amont du foyer objet de la lentille, puisque confondu avec le deuxième foyer du réflecteur, les rayons sont alors projetés en sortie de la lentille divergente avec une inclinaison par rapport à l'axe optique 60, sous l'horizon défini par cet axe optique 60.Second rays (represented on the figure 1 by double arrow lines) are emitted from the second or third set of rods 8, corresponding to an area of the light source located downstream of the first focus of the reflector, that is to say located between the first focus and the second focus of the reflector. This results in deflected rays which would cause the optical axis to cut upstream of the second focus of the reflector, in the absence of a lens, as also illustrated on the figure 2 . These rays, before reaching this theoretical focal point, arrive on the divergent lens. The incidence of these rays being such that they theoretically pass upstream of the focal point of the lens, since coincident with the second focal point of the reflector, the rays are then projected at the exit of the diverging lens with an inclination relative to the optical axis 60, below the horizon defined by this optical axis 60.

En d'autres termes, le réflecteur est adapté pour projeter l'image de la partie très lumineuse de la source à l'opposé de la lentille divergente, au voisinage du foyer objet de cette lentille divergente, de sorte que les rayons correspondant ressortent parallèle à l'axe optique en formant la coupure du faisceau émis en sortie de la lentille divergente.In other words, the reflector is adapted to project the image of the very bright part of the source opposite to the divergent lens, in the vicinity of the focal point of this divergent lens, so that the corresponding rays emerge parallel to the optical axis by forming the cut-off of the beam emitted at the output of the divergent lens.

On sait ainsi réaliser un faisceau de type feu de croisement, avec une coupure de faisceau bien nette délimitée par le bord de la source de lumière disposé sur le premier foyer du réflecteur elliptique.It is thus known to produce a beam of the low beam type, with a very clear beam cut off delimited by the edge of the light source disposed on the first focal point of the elliptical reflector.

Il est dès lors à noter l'intérêt d'avoir un premier ensemble 81 de bâtonnets, disposés au contact de ce bord de la source de lumière correspondant au bord de coupure, qui est configuré pour avoir une luminance plus élevée que les autres ensembles de bâtonnets. On réalise ainsi dans le faisceau projeté une zone de forte intensité lumineuse, juste sous le bord de coupure.It should therefore be noted that it is advantageous to have a first set 81 of rods, arranged in contact with this edge of the light source corresponding to the cut-off edge, which is configured to have a higher luminance than the other sets of sticks. A zone of strong light intensity is thus produced in the projected beam, just below the cut-off edge.

Dans l'exemple illustré, la plus forte luminance est obtenue par une hauteur moyenne plus importante des bâtonnets 8 de ce premier ensemble 81, mais on comprendra que cette forte luminance pourrait être obtenue différemment, par une plus grande densité de bâtonnets par exemple. Dans chacun de ces cas, une zone de forte luminance est agencée sur le bord d'extrémité longitudinale arrière 80 de la source de lumière 2, c'est-à-dire le bord de la source de lumière opposé à la lentille divergente. Comme cela a pu être précisé précédemment, ce bord présentant une zone de forte luminance est disposé sur le premier foyer du réflecteur elliptique ou pseudo-elliptique. Ceci est notamment rendu visible sur la figure 2, où on a illustré schématiquement les zones de projection théorique des rayons correspondant à chacun des trois ensembles de bâtonnets, c'est-à-dire les zones de projection en l'absence de la lentille divergente, illustrée à cet effet sur la figure 2 en pointillés. Le bord d'extrémité longitudinale arrière 80 de la source de lumière à bâtonnets 8, positionné sur le premier foyer F1 du réflecteur 4, est imagé par un bord de coupure 100 du faisceau projeté. On constate que le faisceau projeté par imagerie d'une source de lumière rectangulaire par l'intermédiaire du réflecteur elliptique 4 présente une forme incurvée au voisinage du deuxième foyer du réflecteur, en l'absence de la lentille divergente. Le premier ensemble 81 de bâtonnets, de forte luminance et disposé au voisinage direct du bord d'extrémité longitudinal arrière 80, génère une première partie 101 du faisceau projeté, plus intense, et successivement, chaque ensemble de bâtonnets, dont la luminance diminue en s'éloignant du premier ensemble 81 de bâtonnets, génère une partie de faisceau de moins en moins intense, et coupant l'axe optique en amont du deuxième foyer F2 théorique, de sorte qu'ils sont amenés à être projetés sous l'horizon, de plus en plus proche du véhicule, lorsqu'ils sont corrigés par l'optique de mise en forme 6 et notamment la lentille divergente.In the example illustrated, the highest luminance is obtained by a greater average height of the rods 8 of this first set 81, but it will be understood that this high luminance could be obtained differently, by a greater density of sticks for example. In each of these cases, a high luminance area is arranged on the rear longitudinal end edge 80 of the light source 2, that is to say the edge of the light source opposite to the diverging lens. As may have been specified previously, this edge having a zone of high luminance is disposed on the first focal point of the elliptical or pseudo-elliptical reflector. This is notably made visible on the figure 2 , where we have schematically illustrated the theoretical projection zones of the rays corresponding to each of the three sets of rods, that is to say the projection zones in the absence of the diverging lens, illustrated for this purpose on the figure 2 with dots. The rear longitudinal end edge 80 of the rod light source 8, positioned on the first focus F1 of the reflector 4, is imaged by a cutting edge 100 of the projected beam. It is found that the beam projected by imaging of a rectangular light source via the elliptical reflector 4 has a curved shape in the vicinity of the second focus of the reflector, in the absence of the diverging lens. The first set 81 of rods, of high luminance and arranged in the direct vicinity of the rear longitudinal end edge 80, generates a first part 101 of the projected beam, more intense, and successively, each set of rods, the luminance of which decreases in s moving away from the first set 81 of rods, generates a portion of less and less intense beam, and cutting the optical axis upstream of the second theoretical focus F2, so that they are caused to be projected below the horizon, by closer and closer to the vehicle, when they are corrected by the shaping optics 6 and in particular the diverging lens.

Dans un fonctionnement de base, des éléments de pilotage associé à la source de lumière commandent l'activation sélective des bâtonnets électroluminescents présents dans chacun des ensembles de bâtonnets. Le pilotage de ces ensembles peut être sélectif en ce que l'intensité d'alimentation de chacun des ensembles de bâtonnets varie selon leur éloignement du bord d'extrémité longitudinale 80 de la source de lumière 2. On forme ici un faisceau de type feu de croisement, avec un bord de coupure, étant entendu que d'autres types de faisceau pourraient être réalisés, notamment en modifiant la position de la source de lumière par rapport au premier foyer du réflecteur. On comprend que pour modifier la luminance d'une zone à l'autre, on pourra jouer sur l'alimentation distincte des zones tout aussi bien que sur la hauteur et/ou la densité des éléments électroluminescents en saillie du substrat, et que l'on pourra mettre en œuvre l'une et/ou l'autre de ces modes de réalisation décrits précédemment.In basic operation, control elements associated with the light source control the selective activation of the light-emitting rods present in each of the rod sets. The control of these assemblies can be selective in that the supply intensity of each of the sets of rods varies according to their distance from the longitudinal end edge 80 of the light source 2. A beam of fire type is formed here. crossing, with a cutting edge, it being understood that other types of beam could be produced, in particular by modifying the position of the light source relative to the first focus of the reflector. We understand that to change the luminance from one zone to another, we can play on the separate power supply of the zones as well as on the height and / or the density of the electroluminescent elements projecting from the substrate, and that one and / or the other of these embodiments described above can be implemented.

La présente invention s'applique tout particulièrement à un projecteur avant de véhicule automobile, et elle s'intègre notamment dans une face avant de véhicule.The present invention applies very particularly to a front headlight of a motor vehicle, and it is integrated in particular into a front face of a vehicle.

Les modes de mise en œuvre s'appliquent aux sources de lumière comprenant aussi bien des bâtonnets électroluminescents s'étendant respectivement en saillie d'un même substrat, tels que décrit ci-dessus, qu'avec des blocs émissifs obtenus par découpage de couches électroluminescentes superposées sur un même substrat, ces blocs remplaçant les bâtonnets.The modes of implementation apply to light sources comprising both light-emitting sticks extending respectively projecting from the same substrate, as described above, as with emissive blocks obtained by cutting light-emitting layers superimposed on the same substrate, these blocks replacing the sticks.

Bien entendu, diverses modifications peuvent être apportées par l'homme du métier à la structure du dispositif lumineux qui vient d'être décrite à titre d'exemple non limitatif, dès lors qu'elle utilise au moins une source de lumière comprenant une pluralité d'éléments électroluminescents, une optique collectrice, par exemple un réflecteur elliptique ou pseudo-elliptique, et une lentille divergente. En tout état de cause, l'invention ne saurait se limiter au mode de réalisation spécifiquement décrit dans ce document, et s'étend en particulier à tous moyens équivalents et à toute combinaison techniquement opérante de ces moyens.Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art to the structure of the light device which has just been described by way of nonlimiting example, since it uses at least one light source comprising a plurality of electroluminescent elements, a collecting optic, for example an elliptical or pseudo-elliptical reflector, and a divergent lens. In any event, the invention cannot be limited to the embodiment specifically described in this document, and extends in particular to all equivalent means and to any technically operative combination of these means.

Claims (15)

  1. Light device (1), in particular a lighting and/or signalling device for a motor vehicle, comprising a light source (2) driven to produce the emission of light rays, and a collecting optic (4) arranged facing the light source to deflect the emitted light rays, and a ray-forming optic (6) for emitting a light beam out of the device, wherein the light source is a semiconductor source, comprising at least one substrate (10) and a plurality of light-emitting elements (8) of submillimetric dimensions which extend from a first face (16) of the substrate, characterized in that the ray-forming optic (6) is a divergent lens.
  2. Light device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the collecting optic is a reflector of elliptical or pseudo-elliptical form, whose inner face forms a reflection face for the emitted light rays which is turned towards the first face of the substrate of the light source.
  3. Light device (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the components of the device that are the source (2), the collecting optic (4) and the divergent lens forming the forming optic (6) are arranged relative to a common axis, forming the optical axis (60) of the device, such that the source is arranged at least partly on, or in the vicinity of, this axis, that the collecting optic exhibits focal points (F1, F2) positioned on this axis and that the divergent lens is centred on, or in the vicinity of, this axis.
  4. Light device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light-emitting elements (8) extend at right angles, or substantially at right angles, to the optical axis (60) of the device, towards the collecting optic (4).
  5. Light device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in combination with Claim 2, characterized in that the light source (2) is arranged at the first focal point of the collecting optic-forming elliptical or pseudo-elliptical reflector (4).
  6. Light device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in combination with Claim 3, characterized in that the light source (2) exhibits a variable luminance according to the direction of the optical axis (60).
  7. Light device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a zone of strong luminance is arranged on the edge (80) of the light source (2) opposite the forming optic-forming divergent lens (6).
  8. Light device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the edge (80) exhibiting a zone of strong luminance is arranged on the first focal point (F1) of the collecting optic (4).
  9. Light device (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the variable luminance of the light source (2) is obtained by a density and/or a height of the light-emitting elements (8).
  10. Light device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in combination with Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the forming optic-forming divergent lens (6) is arranged on the optical axis (60) of the device such that the object focal point (F) of the divergent lens coincides with, or is in the vicinity of, the second focal point (F2) of the collecting optic-forming elliptical or pseudo-elliptical reflector (4).
  11. Light device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in combination with Claim 3, characterized in that the light source (2) has a main dimension, this source being arranged such that this main dimension extends transversely to the optical axis (60) of the device.
  12. Light device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in combination with Claim 2, characterized in that the light source (2) is centred on the optical axis (60) of the device.
  13. Light device (1) according to one of the preceding claims for the lighting of a motor vehicle by a beam with cut off, the collecting optic and the divergent lens being configured so as to form the beam with cut off after refraction by the lens of the rays emitted by the source and deflected by the collecting optic.
  14. Light device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cut off edge (100) of the beam with cut off is generated by light rays emitted from an edge (80) of the light source (2) with light-emitting elements.
  15. Light device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cut off edge (100) of the beam with cut off is generated by light rays emitted from an edge (80) of the light source (2) with light-emitting elements which is configured to emit rays of strong luminance.
EP18161327.4A 2017-03-13 2018-03-12 Light device, in particular for lighting and/or signalling, for a motor vehicle Active EP3376096B1 (en)

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FR1752041A FR3063795B1 (en) 2017-03-13 2017-03-13 LUMINOUS DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR LIGHTING AND / OR SIGNALING, FOR MOTOR VEHICLE

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WO2024036553A1 (en) * 2022-08-18 2024-02-22 Valeo Vision Luminous module for a motor vehicle

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JP7122840B2 (en) 2022-08-22
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EP3376096A1 (en) 2018-09-19
JP2018152341A (en) 2018-09-27
US10533722B2 (en) 2020-01-14
KR20180104577A (en) 2018-09-21
FR3063795A1 (en) 2018-09-14

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