EP3374704A1 - Appareil de conditionnement d'air et procédé de commande de celui-ci - Google Patents

Appareil de conditionnement d'air et procédé de commande de celui-ci

Info

Publication number
EP3374704A1
EP3374704A1 EP16890766.5A EP16890766A EP3374704A1 EP 3374704 A1 EP3374704 A1 EP 3374704A1 EP 16890766 A EP16890766 A EP 16890766A EP 3374704 A1 EP3374704 A1 EP 3374704A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
compressor
temperature
pressure
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16890766.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3374704A4 (fr
Inventor
Hisashi Takeichi
Masahiro Aono
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samsung Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2016/014355 external-priority patent/WO2017142176A1/fr
Publication of EP3374704A1 publication Critical patent/EP3374704A1/fr
Publication of EP3374704A4 publication Critical patent/EP3374704A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
    • F24F1/28—Refrigerant piping for connecting several separate outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37—Capillary tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/027—Compressor control by controlling pressure
    • F25B2600/0271—Compressor control by controlling pressure the discharge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2509—Economiser valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2517—Head-pressure valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor

Definitions

  • Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments relate to an air conditioner.
  • an air conditioner installed in a server room or the like may perform a cooling operation even at low outdoor temperature in the winter, for example, at low outdoor temperature such as 25 degrees below zero or lower.
  • One or more exemplary embodiments may overcome the above disadvantages and other disadvantages not described above. However, it is understood that one or more exemplary embodiment are not required to overcome the disadvantages described above, and may not overcome any of the problems described above.
  • One or more exemplary embodiments provide an air conditioner which can ensure differential pressure of a compressor even when a cooling operation is performed at low outdoor temperature, and a control method thereof.
  • an air conditioner including: a heat pump cycle in which a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected with one another in sequence; and a resistance channel which is disposed between an outlet of the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger to increase pressure of refrigerant flowing from the outlet to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the resistance channel may include a small bore tube or a capillary tube which has a diameter smaller than a diameter of the outlet.
  • the air conditioner may further include: a bypass channel which is connected with the resistance channel in parallel; and a bypass valve which opens and closes the bypass channel.
  • a diameter of the bypass channel may be larger than a diameter of the resistance channel, and, in response to the bypass valve being opened, a flux of refrigerant passing through the bypass channel may be larger than a flux of refrigerant passing through the resistance channel.
  • the air conditioner may further include: a return channel which diverges between the outlet and the resistance channel and is connected with an inlet of the compressor; and a return valve which opens and closes the return channel.
  • a diameter of the return channel may be larger than a diameter of the resistance channel, and, in response to the return valve being opened, some of the refrigerant discharged from the outlet may be returned to the compressor through the return channel.
  • the air conditioner may further include: an injection channel which diverges between the expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger and is connected with the inlet; and an injection valve which opens and closes the injection channel, and, in response to the injection valve being opened, some of the refrigerator flowing between the expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger may flow into the inlet.
  • the injection channel may have one end diverging between the expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger, and the other end, which is opposite to the one end, diverging from the return channel.
  • the air conditioner may further include: an injection channel which diverges between the expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger and is connected with an inlet of the compressor; and a return channel which has one end diverging between the outlet and the resistance channel, and the other end, which is opposite to the one end, diverging from the injection channel.
  • the refrigerant may be R32 refrigerant or mixed refrigerant including R32 refrigerant.
  • a control method of an air conditioner including: measuring discharge temperature of refrigerant discharged from an outlet of a compressor; comparing the discharge temperature and first reference temperature and second reference temperature which is lower than the first reference temperature; controlling a bypass channel which is connected in parallel with a resistance channel for increasing pressure of refrigerant discharged from the outlet by connecting the outlet and an outdoor heat exchanger, and which has a diameter larger than that of the resistance channel; controlling a return channel which diverges between the outlet and the resistance channel and is connected with an inlet of the compressor, and has a diameter larger than that of the resistance channel; and controlling an injection channel which diverges between an expansion valve of the compressor and an indoor heat exchanger connected with the expansion valve, and is connected with the inlet.
  • the return channel may be closed and the injection channel may be opened by a predetermined opening degree.
  • the bypass channel In response to the discharge temperature being greater than or equal to the first reference temperature, the bypass channel may be opened, the return channel may be closed, and the injection channel may be opened by a predetermined opening degree.
  • a control method of an air conditioner including: measuring outdoor temperature of a place where a compressor is disposed; comparing the outdoor temperature and predetermined low control temperature; measuring discharge pressure of refrigerant discharged from an outlet of the compressor and inflow pressure of refrigerant flowing into an inlet of the compressor; comparing a compression ratio which is calculated by dividing the discharge pressure by the inflow pressure, and a predetermined reference value; comparing the discharge pressure and first reference pressure and second reference pressure which is larger than the first reference pressure; controlling a bypass channel which is connected in parallel with a resistance channel for increasing pressure of refrigerant discharged from the outlet by connecting the outlet and an outdoor heat exchanger, and has a diameter larger than that of the resistance channel; and controlling a return channel which diverges between the outlet and the resistance channel and is connected with an inlet of the compressor, and has a diameter larger than that of the resistance channel.
  • the bypass channel In response to the outdoor temperature being greater than or equal to the low control temperature or the compression ratio being greater than or equal to the reference value, the bypass channel may be opened and the return channel may be closed.
  • the bypass channel In response to the outdoor temperature being less than the low control temperature and the compression ratio being less than the reference value, and in response to the discharge pressure being less than first reference pressure, the bypass channel may be closed and the return channel may be opened.
  • the bypass channel In response to the outdoor temperature being less than the low control temperature and the compression ratio being less than the reference value, and in response to the discharge pressure being greater than or equal to the first reference pressure and being less than the second reference pressure, the bypass channel may be opened and the return channel may be opened.
  • the bypass channel In response to the outdoor temperature being less than the low control temperature and the compression ratio being less than the reference value, and in response to the discharge pressure being greater than or equal to the second reference pressure, the bypass channel may be opened and the return channel may be closed.
  • the control method may further include re-measuring the discharge pressure and the inflow pressure, and, in response to a difference between the re-measured discharge pressure and the re-measured inflow pressure being greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the bypass channel may be opened and the return channel may be closed.
  • the control method may further include re-measuring the discharge pressure and the inflow pressure, and, in response to a compression ratio which is calculated by dividing the re-measured discharge pressure by the re-measured inflow pressure being greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the bypass channel may be opened and the return channel may be closed.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIGs. 2 and 3 are views showing a control flow according to temperature protection control of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIGs. 4 and 5 are views showing a control flow according to low-temperature outdoor air control of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is view showing experimental data indicating an effect accompanied by low-temperature outdoor air control shown in FIGs. 4 and 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to another exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to another exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to another exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing an effect of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the air conditioner 100 may include an indoor unit 10, an outdoor unit 20, and a heat pump cycle 200 which is configured to allow refrigerant to flow in the indoor unit 10 and the outdoor unit 20.
  • the refrigerant used in the air conditioner 100 may be R32 refrigerant or mixed refrigerant including the R2 refrigerant. Through this, the discharge temperature of the refrigerant discharged from a compressor 23 can be increased, and accordingly, the effect of the air conditioner 100 can be enhanced.
  • the indoor unit 10 may include de-compressors 11A and 11B which are connected (coupled) with each other in parallel, and indoor heat exchangers 12A and 12B which are connected to the de-compressors 11A and 11B, respectively, in series.
  • the outdoor unit 20 may include a four-way valve 21, an accumulator 22, a compressor 23, an outdoor heat exchanger 24, a divider 25, an expansion valve 26, and an outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 27.
  • the heat pump cycle 200 may include a main circuit 201 in which the de-compressors 11A and 11B, the indoor heat exchangers 12A and 12B, the four-way valve 21, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the divider 25, the expansion valve 26, and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 27 are connected with one another in sequence, and a compression circuit 202 in which the accumulator 22, the compressor 23, and the four-way valve 21 are connected with one another in sequence.
  • the configurations of the heat pump cycle 200, the main circuit 201, and the compression circuit 202 described above may be changed in various ways, for example, by connecting the above-described components in plural number, omitting some of the above-described components, or replacing some components with other components.
  • the heat pump cycle 200 may further include an injection channel 203 which makes some of the refrigerant flowing from the de-compressors 11A and 11B to the expansion valve 26 diverge from the above-described main circuit 201, thereby guiding some of or at least a portion of the refrigerant to the compressor 23 rather than guiding, (without guiding), the at least portion of the refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger 24.
  • the injection channel 203 may diverge between the expansion valve 26 and the indoor heat exchangers 12A and 12B and may be connected with an inlet of the compressor 23 to allow the refrigerant to flow into the compressor 23.
  • an injection valve may be provided to open and close the injection channel 203, and, in response to the injection valve (EV) being opened, some of or at least a portion of the refrigerant flowing between the expansion valve 26 and the indoor heat exchangers 12A and 12B may flow into the inlet of the compressor 23 through the injection channel 203.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the inlet of the compressor 23 through the injection channel 203 may have temperature reduced by passing through the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 27, and accordingly, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 23 through the injection channel 203 may be lower than the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from an outlet of the compressor 23.
  • the injection channel 203 may include an injection pipe (La) having one end connected to the inlet of the compressor 23 and the other end connected between the expansion valve 26 and the de-compressors 11A and 11B, the injection valve (EV) provided on the injection pipe (La), and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 27 provided between the compressor 23 and the injection valve (EV) on the injection pipe (La).
  • an injection pipe (La) having one end connected to the inlet of the compressor 23 and the other end connected between the expansion valve 26 and the de-compressors 11A and 11B, the injection valve (EV) provided on the injection pipe (La), and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 27 provided between the compressor 23 and the injection valve (EV) on the injection pipe (La).
  • injection valve may be an electric motor operated valve which is a flow control valve.
  • the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 27 may be disposed over the main circuit 201 and the injection channel 203.
  • the compression circuit 202 may include a resistance channel 30 connected to the outlet of the compressor 23.
  • the resistance channel 30 may be disposed between the outlet of the compressor 23 and the outdoor heat exchanger 24 to increase pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23.
  • the resistance channel 30 may be disposed between the outlet of the compressor 23 and the four-way valve 21.
  • the resistance channel 30 may include a small bore tube or a capillary tube connected to an outlet pipe (Lc) of the compressor 23, and the diameter of the small bore tube or the capillary tube may be smaller than the diameter of the outlet or the outlet pipe (Lc) of the compressor 23.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23 may have pressure increased by the resistance channel 30, and thus, differential pressure of the compressor 23 can be ensured.
  • the compression circuit 202 may include a bypass channel 204 which diverges from the upstream (or compressor outlet) side of the resistance channel 30 on the outlet pipe (Lc) and simultaneously joins the downstream (towards the outdoor heat exchanger) side of the resistance channel 30 on the outlet pipe (Lc).
  • bypass channel 204 may be connected with the resistance channel 30 in parallel.
  • bypass channel 204 may diverge between the resistance channel 30 and the outlet of the compressor 23 and simultaneously may be connected between the resistance channel 30 and the outdoor heat exchanger 24.
  • a bypass valve (SV1) may be provided to open and close the bypass channel 204, and the bypass valve (SV1) may include an electric valve or the like, for example.
  • the diameter of the bypass channel 204 may be larger than the diameter of the resistance channel 30, and through this, in response to the bypass valve (SV1) being opened, the flux of the refrigerant passing through the bypass channel 204 may be greater than the flux of the refrigerant passing through the resistance channel 30. In addition, in response to the bypass valve (SV1) being opened, the refrigerant may not pass through the resistance channel 30.
  • the air conditioner 100 may further include a return channel 205 which has one end connected to the upstream (or compressor outlet) side of the resistance channel 30 on the outlet pipe (Lc), and simultaneously the other end connected to the inlet of the compressor 23, thereby returning some of or at least a portion of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 23 to the compressor 23.
  • a return channel 205 which has one end connected to the upstream (or compressor outlet) side of the resistance channel 30 on the outlet pipe (Lc), and simultaneously the other end connected to the inlet of the compressor 23, thereby returning some of or at least a portion of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 23 to the compressor 23.
  • the return channel 205 may diverge between the outlet of the compressor 23 and the resistance channel 30 and may be connected to the inlet of the compressor 23.
  • a return valve (SV2) may be provided to open and close the return channel 205, and for example, the return valve (SV2) may be an electric valve.
  • the diameter of the return channel 205 may be larger than the diameter of the resistance channel 30, and through this, in response to the return valve (SV2) being opened, some of the refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23 may be returned to the inlet of the compressor 23 through the return channel 205.
  • the return channel 205 may include a connection pipe (Lb) which connects the above-described injection pipe (La) and the outlet pipe (Lc), and the return channel 205 to the inlet of the compressor 23 is formed by a part of the injection pipe (La).
  • injection channel 203 may be configured to have one end diverge between the expansion valve 26 and the indoor heat exchangers 12A and 12B, and to have the other end, which is opposite to one end, diverge from the return channel 205.
  • the bypass valve (SV1), the return valve (SV2), and the injection valve (EV) described above may be controlled by a controller (not shown).
  • the injection valve (EV) provided in the injection pipe (La) and the bypass valve (SV1) provided in the bypass channel 204 are controlled to be closed, and the return valve (SV2) provided in the connection pipe (Lb) is controlled to be opened.
  • FIGs. 2 and 3 are views illustrating a control flow according to temperature protection control of the air conditioner 100
  • FIGs. 4 and 5 are views illustrating a control flow according to low-temperature outdoor air control of the air conditioner 100.
  • control method of the air conditioner 100 which can prevent a breakdown of the compressor 23 or the like by adjusting a sudden rise in refrigerant temperature according to an exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to FIGs. 2 and 3.
  • control method of the air conditioner 100 for adjusting the sudden rise in the refrigerant temperature will be referred to as temperature protection control for the convenience of explanation.
  • the discharge temperature of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 23 is measured.
  • the discharge temperature and first reference temperature and second reference temperature are compared.
  • the opening and closing of the bypass channel SV1, return channel SV2, and injection channel are controlled for the temperature protection control of the air conditioner.
  • the comparing and control operations, and storing in at least one memory of reference values, may be performed, implemented by at least one controller (for example, machine, electronic circuitry, hardware processor).
  • discharge temperature (Td) of refrigerant measured by a temperature sensor (not shown) provided at the outlet of the compressor 23 is compared with predetermined first reference temperature (T1) and predetermined second reference temperature (T2), and it is determined whether the discharge temperature (Td) is smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2) (S101).
  • the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2) may be set to temperature for protecting various parts such as the compressor 23, refrigerant, oil, or the like, and hereinafter, the second reference temperature (T2) is set to be lower than the first reference temperature (T1) by way of an example.
  • step S101 of determining whether the discharge temperature (Td) is smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2) in response to the discharge temperature (Td) being smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2), the above-described operation of comparing the temperature continues.
  • step S101 of determining whether the discharge temperature (Td) is smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2) in response to the discharge temperature (Td) not being smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2), it is determined whether the discharge temperature (Td) is greater than or equal to the second reference temperature (T2) and less than the first reference temperature (T1) (S102).
  • the return valve (SV2) is closed (S200) and the injection valve (EV) is opened by a predetermined opening degree (S300).
  • the refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23 can be prevented from being returned to the compressor 23 through the return channel 205, and the refrigerant of low temperature flows into the inlet of the compressor 23 through the injection channel 203, so that the temperature of the refrigerant can be reduced.
  • step S101 determines whether the discharge temperature (Td) is smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2), and continues comparing the temperatures as described above.
  • step S102 of determining whether the discharge temperature (Td) is greater than or equal to the second reference temperature (T2) and less than the first reference temperature (T1) in response to the discharge temperature (Td) not being greater than or equal to the second reference temperature (T2) and not being less than the first reference temperature (T1), that is, in response to the discharge temperature (Td) being greater than or equal to the first reference temperature (T1), the bypass valve (SV1) is opened (S400), the return valve (SV2) is closed (S500), and the injection valve (EV) is opened by a predetermined opening degree (S600).
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 23 flows through the bypass channel 204, and thus does not pass through the resistance channel 30. Therefore, the pressure of the refrigerant does not rise and a rise in temperature caused by rising pressure can also be prevented.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23 can be prevented from being returned to the compressor 23 through the return channel 205.
  • the refrigerant of low temperature flows into the inlet of the compressor 23 through the injection channel 203, so that the temperature of the refrigerant can be reduced.
  • step S101 determines whether the discharge temperature (Td) is smaller than the first reference temperature (T1) and the second reference temperature (T2), and continues comparing the temperatures as described above.
  • temperature protection control temperature can be maintained even when the compressor 23 is operated and the temperature of the refrigerant increases by high temperature, so that a breakdown of various devices such as the compressor 23, refrigerant, oil, or the like can be prevented by high temperature, and various problems of the air conditioner 100 caused by a sudden rise in the refrigerant temperature can be prevented in advance.
  • temperature protection control may be performed before low-temperature outdoor air control, which will be described below, is performed, or at the same time.
  • control method of the air conditioner 100 according to a cooling operation at low outdoor temperature will be described with reference to FIGs. 4 and 5.
  • the control method of the air conditioner 100 according to the cooling operation at the low outdoor temperature will be referred to as low-temperature outdoor air control for the convenience of explanation.
  • the low-temperature outdoor air control may be performed in response to outdoor temperature measured through a temperature measurement sensor (not shown) provided in the outdoor unit 20 being lower than predetermined low-temperature control temperature, and in response to a pressure ratio between discharge pressure (HP) of the refrigerant discharged through the outlet of the compressor 23 and inflow pressure (LP) of the refrigerant flowing through the inlet of the compressor 23, or a pressure difference between the discharge pressure (HP) and the inflow pressure (LP) being smaller than a predetermined reference value.
  • a temperature measurement sensor not shown
  • the air conditioner may have the refrigerant discharged through the outlet of the compressor 23 flow without any change in the pressure by simply being operated in a normal way.
  • discharge pressure (HP) may be measured by a discharge pressure sensor (Pa) provided at the outlet of the compressor 23, and the inflow pressure (LP) may be measured by an inflow pressure sensor (Pb) provided at the inlet of the compressor 23.
  • the low-temperature outdoor air control may be set to be performed in response to the outdoor temperature being less than or equal to approximately 10 degrees Celsius and the discharge pressure(HP)/inflow pressure (LP) is approximately less than 2.1.
  • the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2) are values which are pre-set based on design pressure of the compressor 23, for example, and, hereinafter, the second pressure (P2) is set to be greater than the first reference pressure P1 by way of an example.
  • step S1 of determining whether the discharge pressure (HP) is smaller than the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2) in response to the discharge pressure (HP) being smaller than the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2), the bypass filter (SV1) is maintained as being in the closing state (S2), and also, the return valve (SV2) is maintained as being in the open state (S3).
  • the refrigerant discharged through the outlet of the compressor 23 may have its pressure increased by passing through the resistance channel 30, and differential pressure can be ensured.
  • some of the refrigerant is returned to the compressor 23 through the return channel 205, so that the pressure of the refrigerant can be prevented from suddenly rising.
  • step S1 of determining whether the discharge pressure (HP) is smaller than the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2) in response to the discharge pressure (HP) not being smaller than the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2), it is determined whether the discharge pressure (HP) is greater than or equal to the first reference pressure (P1) and less than the second reference pressure (P2) (S4).
  • step S4 of determining whether the discharge pressure (HP) is greater than or equal to the first reference pressure (P1) and less than the second reference pressure (P2) in response to the discharge pressure (HP) being greater than or equal to the first reference pressure (P1) and being less than the second reference pressure (P2), the bypass valve (SV1) is opened (S5) and the return valve (SV2) is opened (S6).
  • the flux of the refrigerant passing through the bypass channel 204 is larger than the flux of the refrigerant passing through the resistance channel 30, and thus the pressure of the refrigerant does not rise, and some of the refrigerant is returned to the compressor 23 through the return channel 205, so that the pressure of the refrigerant can be prevented from being suddenly changed.
  • the pressure of the compressor 23 may be increased only by the refrigerator returned through the return channel 205, and through this, a compression ratio for maintaining reliability of the compressor 23 selectively according to an environmental condition and condensation temperature can be ensured.
  • step S4 of determining whether the discharge pressure (HP) is greater than or equal to the first reference pressure (P1) and less than the second reference pressure (P2) in response to the discharge pressure (HP) not being greater than or equal to the first reference pressure (P1) and not being less than the second reference pressure (P2), that is, in response to the discharge pressure (HP) being greater than or equal to the second reference pressure (P2), the bypass valve (SV1) is opened (S7) and the return valve (SV2) is closed (S8).
  • the low-temperature outdoor air control may be set to be finished in response to a pressure ratio or a pressure difference between re-measured discharge pressure (HP) and re-measured inflow pressure (LP) being greater than the predetermined reference value.
  • the low-temperature outdoor air control may be set to be finished in response to the discharge pressure(HP)/inflow pressure (LP) being greater than or equal to approximately 2.1 and the discharge pressure (HP) being greater than 15 kgf/cm2G.
  • step S9 of determining whether to finish the low-temperature outdoor air control or not in response to the low-temperature outdoor air control being finished, the bypass valve (SV1) is opened or maintained opened (as the case may be) (S10) and simultaneously the return valve (SV2) is closed or maintained closed (as the case may be) (S11).
  • the bypass valve (SV1) is opened or maintained opened (as the case may be) (S10) and simultaneously the return valve (SV2) is closed or maintained closed (as the case may be) (S11).
  • step S9 of determining whether to finish the low-temperature outdoor air control or not in response to the low-temperature outdoor air control not being finished, the control method resumes step S1 to determine whether the discharge pressure (HP) is smaller than the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2), and compares the discharge pressure (HP) and the first reference pressure (P1) and the second reference pressure (P2).
  • the air conditioner 100 since the air conditioner 100 according to an exemplary embodiment includes the resistance channel 30 at the outlet of the compressor 23, differential pressure of the compressor 23 can be easily ensured in a cooling operation at low outdoor temperature, and also, by returning some of the refrigerator to the compressor 23 through the return channel 205 when the compressor 23 is operated, the pressure of the refrigerator can be prevented from suddenly rising.
  • the compression ratio of a related-art compressor was 1.5, whereas the discharge pressure of the outlet of the compressor 23 rapidly increased by performing the low-temperature outdoor air control of the air conditioner according to an exemplary embodiment, and the compression ratio was also enhanced up to 3.8.
  • a rotary forming (rotation of) the compressor 23 can be ensured by increasing the discharge pressure of the outlet of the compressor 23, and through this, rattling of the compressor 23 can be reduced.
  • the return channel 205 is configured by connecting the injection pipe (La) and the outlet pipe (Lc), so that a part of the injection channel 203 can be utilized as the return channel 205. Therefore, the entire configuration of the air conditioner 10 can be simplified and also the differential pressure of the compressor 23 can be ensured in the cooling operation at the low outdoor temperature.
  • bypass valve (SV1) selectively opening and closing the bypass channel 204 bypassing the resistance channel 30, the refrigerator discharged from the compressor 23 can be prevented from flowing into the resistance channel 30 when it is not necessary to increase the discharge pressure of the compressor 23.
  • control method of the air conditioner 100 is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
  • the air conditioner 100 is applied to the cooling operation at the low outdoor temperature.
  • the air conditioner 100 according to an exemplary embodiment may be operated in other conditions in addition to the low outdoor temperature.
  • the above-described indoor unit 10 includes two indoor heat exchangers connected to each other in parallel.
  • the indoor unit 10 may include three or more indoor heat exchangers.
  • the above-described air conditioner 100 includes the single compressor 23.
  • the air conditioner 100 may include a plurality of compressors.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to another exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to another exemplary embodiment.
  • FIGs. 7 and 8 show a refrigerant circuit of an outdoor unit 20 having two compressors 23.
  • the compressors 23 may have the same capacity or may have different capacity.
  • any one of the compressors 23 is controlled to be operated and a resistance channel 30 may be provided in an outlet pipe (Lc) of the compressor 23 which is used in the cooling operation at the low outdoor temperature.
  • the air conditioner may include a bypass channel connected to the resistance channel 30 in parallel, and a bypass valve (SV1), and may close the bypass valve (SV1) in response to low-temperature outdoor air control being performed.
  • a bypass channel connected to the resistance channel 30 in parallel, and a bypass valve (SV1), and may close the bypass valve (SV1) in response to low-temperature outdoor air control being performed.
  • the air conditioner 100 shown in FIGs. 7 and 8 may include an accumulator 22 which introduces refrigerant passing through an evaporator, a suction pipe (Ld) to draw gas refrigerant divided by the accumulator 22 in each compressor 23, an oil divider provided at an outlet of each of the compressors 23, and an oil deriving pipe (Le) which introduces oil separated by the oil divider 28 and also derives the oil in the other compressor 23 which is different from the compressor 23 corresponding to the oil divider 28.
  • an accumulator 22 which introduces refrigerant passing through an evaporator
  • a suction pipe (Ld) to draw gas refrigerant divided by the accumulator 22 in each compressor 23
  • an oil divider provided at an outlet of each of the compressors 23
  • an oil deriving pipe (Le) which introduces oil separated by the oil divider 28 and also derives the oil in the other compressor 23 which is different from the compressor 23 corresponding to the oil divider 28.
  • each oil divider 28 is supplied to the compressor 23 which is different from the compressor 23 corresponding to each oil divider 28, so that an oil imbalance phenomenon in which oil is concentrated on a specific compressor 23 can be prevented even when the plurality of compressors 23 of different capacity are operated.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioner according to another exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing an effect of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 9.
  • the air conditioner having a single outdoor heat exchanger has been described.
  • the air conditioner 100 shown in FIG. 9 may include a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers 24 provided in parallel.
  • the air conditioner 100 may include two outdoor heat exchangers 24 having different heat exchange efficiency.
  • a capacity switch function of the outdoor heat exchangers 24 can be used.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 24 having low heat exchange efficiency that is, the outdoor heat exchanger 24 having small capacity
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 23 can be further increased, and temperature operation range of the air conditioner 100 can be extended as shown in FIG. 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de conditionnement d'air. Cet appareil de conditionnement d'air comprend un canal de cycle de pompe à chaleur dans lequel un compresseur, un échangeur thermique extérieur, un détendeur et un échangeur thermique intérieur sont reliés l'un à l'autre en séquence. Un canal de résistance est disposé entre un orifice de sortie du compresseur et l'échangeur thermique extérieur afin d'augmenter la pression du réfrigérant s'écoulant de l'orifice de sortie vers l'échangeur thermique extérieur.
EP16890766.5A 2016-02-19 2016-12-08 Appareil de conditionnement d'air et procédé de commande de celui-ci Withdrawn EP3374704A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2016029767A JP2017146061A (ja) 2016-02-19 2016-02-19 空気調和機
KR1020160069716A KR102461708B1 (ko) 2016-02-19 2016-06-03 공기조화기
PCT/KR2016/014355 WO2017142176A1 (fr) 2016-02-19 2016-12-08 Appareil de conditionnement d'air et procédé de commande de celui-ci

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DE102021126839A1 (de) 2021-10-15 2023-04-20 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Betriebsverfahren (Umleitung) für eine Kälteanlage im Wärmepumpenbetrieb bei tiefen Umgebungstemperaturen, Kälteanlage und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer derart betriebenen Kälteanlage

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DE102021126838A1 (de) 2021-10-15 2023-04-20 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Betriebsverfahren (Vorheizen) für eine Kälteanlage im Wärmepumpenbetrieb bei tiefen Umgebungstemperaturen, Kälteanlage und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer derart betriebenen Kälteanlage

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KR20170098138A (ko) 2017-08-29
CN108474595A (zh) 2018-08-31
EP3374704A4 (fr) 2019-01-09
JP2017146061A (ja) 2017-08-24
CN108474595B (zh) 2021-07-09

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