EP3371511B1 - Lighting device - Google Patents
Lighting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3371511B1 EP3371511B1 EP16815725.3A EP16815725A EP3371511B1 EP 3371511 B1 EP3371511 B1 EP 3371511B1 EP 16815725 A EP16815725 A EP 16815725A EP 3371511 B1 EP3371511 B1 EP 3371511B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light sources
- lighting device
- light source
- region
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S10/00—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect
- F21S10/02—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect changing colors
- F21S10/023—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect changing colors by selectively switching fixed light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
- F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
- F21Y2105/12—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the geometrical disposition of the light-generating elements, e.g. arranging light-generating elements in differing patterns or densities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
- F21Y2113/17—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources forming a single encapsulated light source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
- F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lighting device, in particular a spotlight lighting device.
- Lighting devices are known from the prior art in which the radiation characteristic is provided by a statically emitting light source and an associated optical arrangement. Furthermore, lighting devices are known in which the light source is not static, but in which certain areas of the light source can be controlled independently of one another, so that the emission characteristics of the lighting device can be changed as a result.
- the EP 2 604 910 A1 shows the preamble of claim 1.
- a lighting device in particular a spotlight lighting device, in which the emission characteristics of the lighting device can be adjusted with greater degrees of freedom.
- a lighting device is to be provided with which a multicolor center beam arrangement can be provided.
- a lighting device according to the invention in particular a spotlight lighting device, comprises the features of claim 1.
- the present invention proposes providing several areas (at least two areas) with individual light sources in a planar, matrix-like light source, which can be controlled independently of one another with regard to their respective light intensities, so that different areas can be illuminated with different light intensities or if the respective illuminated areas overlap, a corresponding mixed light can be provided.
- the individual light sources of the light source are preferably arranged with point and/or mirror symmetry.
- the light source can have an essentially circular shape or the individual light sources can be arranged in a cross shape.
- the first area of the light source is an inner area and the second area is an outer area which surrounds the inner area.
- the inner area of the light source can provide what is known as a center beam, which can be surrounded by the light emitted by the individual light sources in the outer area.
- the second area is an area completely surrounding the first area.
- surrounding the inner area of the light source by a plurality of outer areas of the light source. This makes it possible to control the several outer areas of the light source independently of one another, so that the light output of the lighting device can be adjusted with further degrees of freedom.
- the respective areas of the light source by a combination of several individual light sources that essentially emit light with the same defined wavelength, it being preferred in this connection for the individual light sources of a combination to be arranged distributed over the light source.
- At least one optical arrangement and/or one mixing arrangement is preferably provided behind the light source in the emission direction of the light source.
- the optical arrangement can, for example, comprise converging lenses or reflector arrangements in order to be able to provide a directed and bundled light output by the lighting device.
- the individual light sources of the light source can be in the form of LED light sources, for example, in which case individual LEDs or chip-on-board LEDs can be used in this regard.
- LED light sources makes it easy to provide individual light sources that can emit light with differently defined wavelengths.
- the light source is provided as an LED light source, it is preferred that these are in the form of chip-scale packages or chip-scale package arrays. This makes it possible to provide a comparatively high density of individual light sources.
- the individual light sources of an area are preferably connected as a serial strand or as serial strands connected in parallel with one another and can be controlled together.
- the strands of an area can each be supplied with energy by a converter unit or by a channel of a multi-channel converter unit.
- at least two strands from different areas can be supplied with energy through a channel of a converter unit, with a preferably floating, adjustable resistor being arranged between the at least two strands.
- the adjustable resistance makes it possible to shift the load in the parallel strands, so that the strands are supplied with more or less current, in order to be able to change the luminous intensity of the individual light sources arranged in a respective strand.
- each strand is also possible for each strand to be assigned a correspondingly adjustable resistance, so that all strands can be set arbitrarily and differently in relation to one another. In this embodiment, therefore, all serial strands of an area that are connected in parallel can be set differently with regard to their light intensity.
- the adjustable resistance can be provided by a mechanically adjustable potentiometer, which can preferably be adjusted by a controllable actuator.
- a controllable digital potentiometer which can be controlled or set, for example, via a key input, a switch or the like.
- a microcontroller which can be integrated in the converter unit, for example.
- the adjustable resistor is particularly preferably provided by a resistor cascade, which can be controlled using a microcontroller, a reed circuit preferably being controlled by the microcontroller.
- a control unit for driving the adjustable resistor is preferably provided, which is preferably integrated in the converter unit, the control of the adjustable resistor preferably being provided by means of a signal-over-power control.
- at least one fixed resistor is preferably provided in at least one branch of an area. It is preferred that the fixed resistor or the fixed resistors are selected such that they can cancel the adjustable resistor or the adjustable resistors in a neutral position, ie that the fixed resistor or the fixed resistors represent a consumer of the same magnitude as the adjustable resistor or the adjustable resistances in the neutral position.
- LED light sources as individual light sources
- a light source matrix in the form of an OLED matrix. It is particularly preferred that such an OLED matrix can be controlled pixel by pixel, in which case the controllable pixels represent the individual light sources.
- the light source by means of the LED light sources or as an OLED matrix
- the light source by means of a light source matrix in the form of a color conversion matrix, with the individual light sources being provided by cells of the color conversion matrix.
- the cells comprise a phosphor which can be excited by means of at least one laser beam of a laser arrangement to emit secondary light.
- the color conversion matrix can be provided, for example, by appropriate casting compounds into which the phosphor is introduced.
- the cells of the color conversion matrix can contain green, yellow or red phosphor or a mixture thereof, with an organic phosphor or a quantum dot preferably being used, which can preferably be excited by a blue laser beam to emit secondary light.
- a phosphor within the meaning of the present invention is generally a substance that can be excited by laser light and then emits a secondary light spectrum.
- Phosphors that can be used here are, for example: ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, CdSe, ZnTe, CdTe), silicates (Ca 3 Sc 2 Si 3 O 12 : Ce 3+ ), ortho-silicates (BOSE), garnets (YAG: Ce 3+ ).
- the at least one laser beam is directed onto the respective cells of the color conversion matrix by means of a micromirror arrangement.
- the micromirror arrangement can be directed onto the cells with a frequency between 30 and 1000 Hz, preferably between 50 and 200 Hz. If the dynamics of the micromirror arrangement are chosen to be sufficiently large (which is the case at frequencies of ⁇ 30 Hz, i.e. 30 deflections per second), the individual exposures generated by the system blur to form a single composite image for the human eye. In practice it has been shown that a flicker and jerk-free image can be provided at a frequency of approximately 200 Hz, with higher frequencies of up to 1000 Hz preferably being used for applications for film cameras.
- certain cells may include a laser beam fixed to them. This makes it possible to control certain or all cells at the same time.
- the color conversion matrix itself movably in the lighting device such that the respective cells of the color conversion matrix can be moved into at least one stationary laser beam.
- mobility of the color conversion matrix can be provided by one or more piezoelectric or electromagnetic actuators.
- Such actuators can be connected to the edge areas of the color conversion matrix, for example, so that the color conversion matrix can be moved freely accordingly.
- the individual light sources are preferably provided in at least one area of the light source in such a way that this area can emit white light with a color temperature between 4500 K and 800 K, preferably between 5000 K and 7500 K and particularly preferably around 6000 K; and wherein the individual light sources of at least one further area are provided in such a way that this further area has a white light with a Color temperature between 2500K and 4000K, preferably between 3000K and 3500K and more preferably of about 3000K.
- the individual light sources of at least one area of the light source are preferably provided in such a way that this area can emit red light with a peak wavelength between 580 and 670 nm, with the individual light sources of at least one further area preferably being provided in such a way that this area emits blue light with a peak wavelength between 390 and 480 Nm, the individual light sources of at least one further area of the light source preferably being provided in such a way that this area can emit green light with a peak wavelength of between approximately 480 and 560 Nm, the individual light sources of at least one further area of the light source preferably being provided are provided in such a way that this area can emit yellow light with a peak wavelength between 560 and 630 nm.
- the lighting device comprises at least two surface light sources constructed in a matrix-like manner, which can essentially be aligned to the same illumination field. If only one planar, matrix-like light source is used, there is a risk that the light emission will be " spotty" , depending on the number of individual light sources used and depending on the size of the area to be illuminated.
- at least two planar, matrix-like light sources which can essentially be aligned to the same illumination field (for example by means of appropriate optics)
- an overall very homogeneous light image can be achieved by superimposing the two light outputs.
- two flat, matrix-like light sources have an inverted arrangement of the individual light sources. In other words is it is preferable for the individual light sources to be arranged inversely symmetrically on the light sources, resulting in a particularly advantageous superimposition of the two light outputs.
- figure 1 shows a schematic view of a first preferred embodiment of a lighting device 10 according to the invention with a planar, matrix-like structure light source 11, which is arranged in front of an optical element 15 (preferably a lens arrangement).
- an optical element 15 preferably a lens arrangement
- the light source 11 comprises an inner area 12 and in the preferred embodiment shown four outer areas 13.
- the in figure 1 The areas 12, 13 shown can represent individual light sources (for example LED light sources), several individual light sources and/or a large number of individual light sources connected to one another.
- the preferred embodiment shown represents a so-called center beam arrangement, in which an inner region of the light source 11 with a or more surrounding areas of the light source is arranged.
- the respective areas of the light source can be controlled independently of one another, so that the lighting shown on the right-hand side (cf. reference number 20) can be set.
- a symmetrical and asymmetrical emission characteristic with different focal points of illumination can be provided with a lighting device 10 according to the invention.
- FIG 2 shows a schematic view of two light sources 11 I , 11 II .
- the light source 11 I shown comprises individual LED light sources, which can be arranged, for example, on a common circuit board, whereas the in figure 2 shown right light source 11 II is designed as a so-called chip-on-board LED light source.
- LED light sources which are in the form of chip-scale packages or chip-scale package arrays (in particular for applications in which a correspondingly high luminous flux is to be made available).
- FIG 3 shows a schematic view of a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device 10 III according to the invention, in which, in contrast to those in FIGS figures 1 and 2
- an OLED matrix 11 III is used as the light source.
- the OLED matrix 11 III is designed in such a way that the individual pixels/cells of the OLED matrix 11 III can be controlled independently of one another.
- FIG 4 shows a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device 10 IV according to the invention, which comprises two light sources 11 IV .
- the optical arrangement 15 IV is designed in such a way that the two light sources 11 IV can essentially be aligned to the same illumination field, so that the light emitted by the light sources 11 IV can be correspondingly superimposed.
- the light sources 11 IV have an inverted arrangement of the individual light sources, so that images are provided that are as "spot-free" as possible.
- figure 5 shows a schematic view of two more or less complex constructed light sources 11 V , 11 VI .
- the light sources 11V , 11VI shown can already have a comparatively homogeneous light source due to their size provide light output.
- the light field 11V has an inner area 12V which is provided by a multiplicity of individual light sources (preferably LED light sources), the inner area 12V being surrounded by an outer area 13V .
- light field 11 VI has areas that are provided by a combination of several individual light sources that essentially emit light with the same defined wavelength (in figure 5 these are each provided with identical hatching).
- the individual light sources of a respective assembly are arranged distributed over the light source 11VI , so that the arrangement of the individual light sources results in a comparatively good mixing of the emitted light.
- figure 6 shows a schematic view of several light source geometries, which can include several planar, matrix-like light sources.
- a particularly advantageous, homogeneous light output can be provided by the lighting device.
- the arrangements shown can be used particularly preferably for different luminaire geometries (e.g. oblong luminaires, wall or ceiling spotlights, spotlight lighting, etc.).
- the in figure 6 The respective light sources shown are each supplied by a channel of a converter or by a separate converter, so that the respective light sources can be controlled independently of one another.
- FIG 7 shows a schematic view of a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device 10 VII , wherein the light source is provided by a light source matrix in the form of a color conversion matrix 10 VII .
- the individual light sources are provided by the cells of the color conversion matrix 10 VII .
- the cells each comprise a phosphor that can be excited to emit secondary light by means of a laser beam (preferably a blue laser beam) of a laser arrangement 26 VII . Green, yellow or red phosphor or a mixture thereof can be contained in the cells of the color conversion matrix 11 VII .
- the lighting device 10 VII also includes a micromirror arrangement 25 VII , with which the laser beam can be deflected onto the different cells of the color conversion matrix 11 VII .
- the laser beam is preferably a blue-emitting laser that can accordingly stimulate the phosphors contained in the cells.
- the micromirror arrangement 25 VII is designed in such a way that it can direct a laser at different cells of the color conversion matrix 11 VII with a frequency between 30 and 1000 Hz, preferably with a frequency between 50 and 200 Hz.
- figure 8 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of a lighting device 10 VIII according to the invention, in which, in contrast to FIG figure 7 shown embodiment, a plurality of laser arrays 26 VIII are stationary and are aligned such that they are directed to one or to specific cells of the color conversion matrix 10 VIII .
- a laser arrangement such as 26 VII with a micromirror arrangement 25 VII (cf. figure 7 ) are used.
- there is the possibility of assigning an individual laser to each cell of the color conversion matrix 11 VIII so that a micromirror arrangement 25 VII could be completely dispensed with.
- Such a system can drive all cells of the color conversion matrix 11 VIII in parallel.
- FIG 9 shows a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device 10 IX according to the invention.
- the luminous devices shown is the color conversion matrix 11 IX movably arranged in this embodiment, in such a way that the cells of the color conversion matrix 11 IX can be moved into a stationary laser of a laser arrangement 26 IX .
- the color conversion matrix 10 IX is preferably designed to be movable by means of piezoelectric or electromagnetic actuators 30 IX .
- FIG 10 shows a further embodiment of a preferred lighting device 10 X , wherein the light source is again provided as a color conversion matrix 11 X .
- this embodiment further comprises a mixing chamber 16 X downstream of the light source for homogenizing the light emitted by the individual light sources.
- Such a mixing chamber 16 X can be used in all of the illustrated embodiments of the lighting device.
- figure 11 shows an exemplary connection of an area of a device according to the invention by means of a single-channel converter 50.
- all respective areas of a planar, matrix-like light source 11 are operated by means of a preferably controllable converter 50.
- the individual light sources of a respective area are provided as serial strands connected in parallel with one another and can therefore be controlled together.
- figure 12 shows an example connection of two light sources, the respective inner LEDs for providing a center beam and outer LEDs for providing a light emission surrounding the inner area.
- each light source strand shown can be assigned an adjustable resistance, so that all light source strands can be set arbitrarily and differently in relation to one another.
- the converter 50 in this embodiment is designed as a two-channel converter that can control the respective light fields independently of one another.
- multi-channel converters or several single-channel converters can be used accordingly.
- figure 13 shows an exemplary design of an adjustable resistor in the form of an adjustable potentiometer with different resistors that can be switched on as required.
- controllable digital potentiometers so-called electronic potentiometers
- the digital potentiometers can preferably be controlled via or by a converter.
- Digital or electronic potentiometers are known, for example, which include individual resistors connected in series and electronic switches. Such an arrangement can be combined as a digital control circuit to form an integrated circuit.
- digital potentiometers in the form of a so-called trimming potentiometer, which maintains a set value
- the digital potentiometer can be set using keys, an incremental transmitter or a microcontroller.
- the latter usually have a volatile and/or non-volatile memory for the settings made.
- Other electronic variants of variable resistors can also be used, for example DAC circuits or operational amplifier circuits. It is particularly preferred that the adjustable resistor or the resistor cascade is potential-free and that a certain amount of power can flow through the respective resistors.
- LED strands are typically operated with a current between 10 and 2000 mA.
- a microcontroller circuit that controls reed switches, so that the potential-free resistor cascade can be set freely as required.
- the size of the resistor cascade used i.e. the number of the respective resistors and the respective resistance values
- the microcontroller circuit can also be integrated directly into an inserted LED module and provided with a corresponding control line.
- the control signal can be transmitted via the supply voltage of the converter, preferably as a so-called signal-over-power signal.
- the microcontroller circuit is integrated as a separate component between an LED module and a converter or directly in a converter.
- figure 14 shows an example of a microcontroller circuit with a memory that can control one or more reed switches (RS1 to RS3) and can thereby adjust the preferably potential-free resistor cascade (R1 to R3) as required.
- RS1 to RS3 reed switches
- R1 to R3 preferably potential-free resistor cascade
- figure 15 shows an example of a microcontroller circuit which is integrated in a converter and which can control the corresponding switches (RS1%) in order to switch a resistor cascade (R1%) accordingly.
- figure 16 shows a schematic view of a further interconnection option, the microcontroller circuit being different from that in figure 15 shown microcontroller circuit is formed as a separate component.
- figure 17 shows an exemplary circuit arrangement for two light sources, the respective areas of which are provided by two adjustable resistors, which are provided by a microcontroller circuit, which control the respective resistor cascades.
- the converter is a four-channel converter, wherein in figure 16 an example of a circuit for a signal-over-power control of the microcontroller circuit is shown.
- FIG 18 shows an exemplary connection in which at least one fixed resistor ( “R4” ) is provided in one of the LED strands (here for the inner area of a light source).
- the fixed resistor "R4" shown makes it possible to provide a configuration in which the fixed resistor is just as large a consumer as the adjustable resistor in a medium resistance value setting.
- the same current flows in all parallel strings in this case with a medium resistance value setting of the adjustable resistor, so that all LEDs shine with the same brightness.
- This makes it possible to shift the load of the consumer through the adjustable resistor in one direction or the other, so that the current and thus the proportion of light in the respective strands can be set higher or lower.
- the value for the fixed resistor "R4" is preferably one third of the highest resistance in the cascade.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Leuchtvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Spotlight-Leuchtvorrichtung.The present invention relates to a lighting device, in particular a spotlight lighting device.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Leuchtvorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen die Abstrahlcharakteristik durch eine statisch emittierende Lichtquelle und eine zugeordnete Optik-Anordnung bereitgestellt wird. Ferner sind Leuchtvorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen die Lichtquelle nicht statisch ausgebildet ist, sondern bei der gewisse Bereiche der Lichtquelle unabhängig voneinander angesteuert werden können, so dass dadurch die Abstrahlcharakteristik der Leuchtvorrichtung verändert werden kann. Die
Im Lichte dieses Standes der Technik ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Leuchtvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Spotlight-Leuchtvorrichtung, bereitzustellen, bei der die Abstrahlcharakteristik der Leuchtvorrichtung mit höheren Freiheitsgraden einstellbar ist. Insbesondere soll eine Leuchtvorrichtung bereitgestellt werden, mit der eine Mehrfarben-Center-Beam-Anordnung bereitgestellt werden kann.In the light of this prior art, it is the object of the present invention to provide a lighting device, in particular a spotlight lighting device, in which the emission characteristics of the lighting device can be adjusted with greater degrees of freedom. In particular, a lighting device is to be provided with which a multicolor center beam arrangement can be provided.
Diese und andere Aufgaben, die beim Lesen der folgenden Beschreibung noch genannt werden oder vom Fachmann erkannt werden können, werden durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche bilden den zentralen Gedanken der vorliegenden Erfindung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise weiter.These and other objects that will be mentioned or that can be recognized by a person skilled in the art upon reading the following description are solved by the subject matter of the independent claim. The dependent claims develop the central idea of the present invention in a particularly advantageous manner.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Leuchtvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Spotlight-Leuchtvorrichtung, umfasst die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.A lighting device according to the invention, in particular a spotlight lighting device, comprises the features of
Mit anderen Worten schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung vor, in einer flächigen, matrixartig aufgebauten Lichtquelle mehrere Bereiche (zumindest zwei Bereiche) mit Einzellichtquellen vorzusehen, die unabhängig voneinander hinsichtlich ihrer jeweiligen Lichtstärken angesteuert werden können, so dass unterschiedliche Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Lichtstärken angestrahlt werden können bzw. bei Überlappung der jeweiligen angestrahlten Bereichen ein entsprechendes Mischlicht bereitgestellt werden kann.In other words, the present invention proposes providing several areas (at least two areas) with individual light sources in a planar, matrix-like light source, which can be controlled independently of one another with regard to their respective light intensities, so that different areas can be illuminated with different light intensities or if the respective illuminated areas overlap, a corresponding mixed light can be provided.
Vorzugsweise sind die Einzellichtquellen der Lichtquelle punkt- und/oder spiegelsymmetrisch angeordnet. Beispielsweise kann die Lichtquelle eine im Wesentlichen kreisförmige Form aufweisen oder die Einzellichtquellen können kreuzförmig angeordnet sein. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, eine insgesamt kegelförmige Lichtabstrahlcharakteristik der Leuchtvorrichtung bereitstellen zu können, was insbesondere für Spotlight-Anwendungen bevorzugt ist.The individual light sources of the light source are preferably arranged with point and/or mirror symmetry. For example, the light source can have an essentially circular shape or the individual light sources can be arranged in a cross shape. As a result, there is the possibility of being able to provide an overall conical light emission characteristic of the lighting device, which is particularly preferred for spotlight applications.
Erfindungsgemäß ist der erste Bereich der Lichtquelle ein innerer Bereich und der zweite Bereich ein äußerer Bereich, der den inneren Bereich umgibt. Der innere Bereich der Lichtquelle kann dabei einen sogenannten Center-Beam bereitstellen, der von der Lichtabgabe der Einzellichtquellen im äußeren Bereich umgeben werden kann. Alternativ zur Ausbildung des zweiten Bereichs als den ersten Bereich vollständig umgebenden Bereich, besteht erfindungsgemäß die Möglichkeit, den inneren Bereich der Lichtquelle durch mehrere äußere Bereiche der Lichtquelle zu umgeben. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, die mehreren äußeren Bereiche der Lichtquelle unabhängig voneinander anzusteuern, so dass die Lichtabgabe der Leuchtvorrichtung mit weiteren Freiheitsgraden einstellbar ist.According to the invention, the first area of the light source is an inner area and the second area is an outer area which surrounds the inner area. The inner area of the light source can provide what is known as a center beam, which can be surrounded by the light emitted by the individual light sources in the outer area. As an alternative to forming the second area as an area completely surrounding the first area, there is the possibility according to the invention of surrounding the inner area of the light source by a plurality of outer areas of the light source. This makes it possible to control the several outer areas of the light source independently of one another, so that the light output of the lighting device can be adjusted with further degrees of freedom.
Ferner besteht erfingdungsgemäß die Möglichkeit, die jeweiligen Bereiche der Lichtquelle durch einen Verbund mehrerer Einzellichtquellen bereitzustellen, die im Wesentlichen Licht mit derselben definierten Wellenlänge abgeben, wobei es in diesem Zusammenhang bevorzugt ist, dass die Einzellichtquellen eines Verbunds über die Lichtquelle verteilt angeordnet sind. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit bereits durch die Anordnung der Einzellichtquellen eine Durchmischung des jeweils abgegebenen Lichts der Einzellichtquellen bereitstellen zu können, so dass je nach Anwendung auf eine nachgeschaltete Mischanordnung gegebenenfalls verzichtet werden kann.According to the invention, there is also the possibility of providing the respective areas of the light source by a combination of several individual light sources that essentially emit light with the same defined wavelength, it being preferred in this connection for the individual light sources of a combination to be arranged distributed over the light source. This is the Possibility already through the arrangement of the individual light sources a mixing of the respectively emitted light of the individual light sources to be able to provide, so that depending on the application, a downstream mixing arrangement can be dispensed with.
Vorzugsweise sind in Abstrahlrichtung der Lichtquelle hinter der Lichtquelle zumindest eine optische Anordnung und/oder eine Mischanordnung vorgesehen. Die optische Anordnung kann beispielsweise Sammellinsen oder Reflektoranordnungen umfassen, um eine gerichtete und gebündelte Lichtabgabe durch die Leuchtvorrichtung bereitstellen zu können.At least one optical arrangement and/or one mixing arrangement is preferably provided behind the light source in the emission direction of the light source. The optical arrangement can, for example, comprise converging lenses or reflector arrangements in order to be able to provide a directed and bundled light output by the lighting device.
Die Einzellichtquellen der Lichtquelle können beispielsweise als LED-Lichtquellen ausgebildet sein, wobei diesbezüglich einzelne LEDs oder Chip-on-Board-LEDs eingesetzt werden können. Durch den Einsatz von LED-Lichtquellen besteht auf einfache Weise die Möglichkeit, Einzellichtquellen bereitzustellen, die Licht mit unterschiedlich definierten Wellenlängen abgeben können.The individual light sources of the light source can be in the form of LED light sources, for example, in which case individual LEDs or chip-on-board LEDs can be used in this regard. The use of LED light sources makes it easy to provide individual light sources that can emit light with differently defined wavelengths.
Soweit die Lichtquelle als LED-Lichtquellen bereitgestellt ist, ist es bevorzugt, dass diese als Chip-Scale-Package bzw. als Chip-Scale-Package-Arrays ausgebildet sind. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit eine vergleichsweise hohe Einzellichtquellendichte bereitstellen zu können.If the light source is provided as an LED light source, it is preferred that these are in the form of chip-scale packages or chip-scale package arrays. This makes it possible to provide a comparatively high density of individual light sources.
Vorzugsweise sind die Einzellichtquellen eines Bereiches als serieller Strang bzw. als miteinander parallel verschaltete serielle Stränge verschaltet und gemeinsam ansteuerbar. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es bevorzugt, dass die Stränge eines Bereichs jeweils durch eine Konvertereinheit bzw. durch einen Kanal einer Mehrkanal-Konvertereinheit mit Energie versorgt werden können. AlternatIV oder zusätzlich hierzu können zumindest zwei Stränge unterschiedlicher Bereiche durch einen Kanal einer Konvertereinheit mit Energie versorgt werden, wobei zwischen den zumindest zwei Strängen ein, vorzugsweise potenzialfreier, einstellbarer Widerstand angeordnet ist. Durch den einstellbaren Widerstand besteht die Möglichkeit, die Last in den parallelen Strängen zu verschieben, so dass die Stränge mit mehr oder weniger Strom versorgt werden, um dadurch die Lichtstärke der in einem jeweiligen Strang angeordneten Einzellichtquellen verändern zu können. Diesbezüglich ist es auch möglich, dass jedem Strang ein entsprechend einstellbarer Widerstand zugeordnet ist, so dass alle Stränge zueinander beliebig und unterschiedlich eingestellt werden können. In dieser Ausführungsform können somit auch alle miteinander parallel verschalteten seriellen Stränge eines Bereichs unterschiedlich hinsichtlich ihrer Lichtstärke eingestellt werden.The individual light sources of an area are preferably connected as a serial strand or as serial strands connected in parallel with one another and can be controlled together. In this context, it is preferred that the strands of an area can each be supplied with energy by a converter unit or by a channel of a multi-channel converter unit. Alternatively or in addition to this, at least two strands from different areas can be supplied with energy through a channel of a converter unit, with a preferably floating, adjustable resistor being arranged between the at least two strands. The adjustable resistance makes it possible to shift the load in the parallel strands, so that the strands are supplied with more or less current, in order to be able to change the luminous intensity of the individual light sources arranged in a respective strand. In this regard, it is also possible for each strand to be assigned a correspondingly adjustable resistance, so that all strands can be set arbitrarily and differently in relation to one another. In this embodiment, therefore, all serial strands of an area that are connected in parallel can be set differently with regard to their light intensity.
Der einstellbare Widerstand kann dabei durch ein mechanisch einstellbares Potentiometer, das vorzugsweise durch einen ansteuerbaren Stellantrieb einstellbar ist, bereitgestellt werden. Alternativ besteht die Möglichkeit, den einstellbaren Widerstand, durch ein ansteuerbares digitales Potentiometer bereitzustellen, das beispielsweise über eine Tasteingabe, einen Schalter oder dergleichen angesteuert bzw. eingestellt werden kann. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, ein derartiges digitales Potentiometer durch eine Mikrocontroller-Steuerung, die beispielsweise in der Konvertereinheit integriert werden kann, anzusteuern.The adjustable resistance can be provided by a mechanically adjustable potentiometer, which can preferably be adjusted by a controllable actuator. Alternatively, there is the possibility of providing the adjustable resistance by means of a controllable digital potentiometer, which can be controlled or set, for example, via a key input, a switch or the like. There is also the possibility of driving such a digital potentiometer by a microcontroller, which can be integrated in the converter unit, for example.
Besonders bevorzugt wird der einstellbare Widerstand durch eine Widerstandskaskade bereitgestellt, die mit einer Mikrocontroller-Steuerung angesteuert werden kann, wobei vorzugsweise durch die Mikrocontroller-Steuerung eine Reed-Schaltung angesteuert wird.The adjustable resistor is particularly preferably provided by a resistor cascade, which can be controlled using a microcontroller, a reed circuit preferably being controlled by the microcontroller.
Vorzugsweise ist eine Steuereinheit zum Ansteuern des einstellbaren Widerstands, die vorzugsweise in die Konvertereinheit integriert ist, vorgesehen, wobei die Ansteuerung des einstellbaren Widerstands vorzugsweise mittels einer Signal-Over-Power Ansteuerung bereitgestellt wird. Vorzugsweise ist neben dem einstellbaren Widerstand zumindest ein Festwiderstand in zumindest einem Strang eines Bereichs vorgesehen. Dabei ist es bevorzugt, dass der Festwiderstand bzw. die Festwiderstände derart gewählt sind, dass diese den einstellbaren Widerstand bzw. die einstellbaren Widerstände in einer Neutralstellung aufheben können, d.h. dass der Festwiderstand bzw. die Festwiderstände einen gleich großen Verbraucher darstellen, wie der einstellbare Widerstand bzw. die einstellbaren Widerstände in Neutralstellung. In der Ausführungsform, bei der alle Einzellichtquellen als gleichwertige Verbraucher und Lichterzeuger ausgebildet sind, besteht somit die Möglichkeit, in allen parallelen Strängen den gleichen Strom bereitzustellen, so dass in dieser "Neutralstellung" alle Einzellichtquellen (vorzugsweise LEDs) im Wesentlichen gleich hell leuchten. Ferner besteht dadurch die Möglichkeit, die "Neutralstellung" derart auszuwählen, dass bei dem einstellbaren Widerstand bzw. bei den einstellbaren Widerständen ein mittlerer Widerstandswert vorgesehen ist, so dass die Last der Verbraucher durch den einstellbaren Widerstand bzw. durch die einstellbaren Widerstände in die eine oder andere Richtung verschoben werden kann, so dass der Strom und damit der Lichtanteil in den jeweiligen Strängen, höher bzw. niedriger eingestellt werden kann. Bei Bereitstellung des einstellbaren Widerstands durch eine Widerstandskaskade ist es dabei besonders bevorzugt, dass der Festwiderstand etwa einem Drittel des in der Widerstandskaskade vorgesehenen höchsten Widerstands entspricht.A control unit for driving the adjustable resistor is preferably provided, which is preferably integrated in the converter unit, the control of the adjustable resistor preferably being provided by means of a signal-over-power control. In addition to the adjustable resistor, at least one fixed resistor is preferably provided in at least one branch of an area. It is preferred that the fixed resistor or the fixed resistors are selected such that they can cancel the adjustable resistor or the adjustable resistors in a neutral position, ie that the fixed resistor or the fixed resistors represent a consumer of the same magnitude as the adjustable resistor or the adjustable resistances in the neutral position. In the embodiment in which all individual light sources are designed as equivalent consumers and light generators, it is therefore possible to provide the same current in all parallel strands, so that in this "neutral position" all individual light sources (preferably LEDs) shine with essentially the same brightness. Furthermore, there is the possibility of selecting the "neutral position" in such a way that a medium resistance value is provided for the adjustable resistor or resistors, so that the load of the consumers can be shifted in one direction or the other by the adjustable resistor or resistors, so that the current and thus the proportion of light in the respective strands can be set higher or lower. When the adjustable resistance is provided by a resistance cascade, it is particularly preferred that the fixed resistance corresponds to approximately one third of the highest resistance provided in the resistance cascade.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zum Einsatz von LED-Lichtquellen als Einzellichtquellen besteht die Möglichkeit, die Lichtquelle durch eine Lichtquellenmatrix in Form einer OLED-Matrix bereitzustellen. Dabei ist es besonders bevorzugt, dass eine derartige OLED-Matrix pixelweise ansteuerbar ist, wobei in diesem Fall die ansteuerbaren Pixel die Einzellichtquellen darstellen.As an alternative or in addition to using LED light sources as individual light sources, there is the possibility of providing the light source by means of a light source matrix in the form of an OLED matrix. It is particularly preferred that such an OLED matrix can be controlled pixel by pixel, in which case the controllable pixels represent the individual light sources.
Alternativ zur Ausbildung der Lichtquelle mittels der LED-Lichtquellen bzw. als OLED-Matrix, besteht die Möglichkeit, die Lichtquelle durch eine Lichtquellenmatrix in Form einer Farbkonvertierungsmatrix bereitzustellen, wobei die Einzellichtquellen durch Zellen der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix bereitgestellt werden. Die Zellen umfassen dabei einen Leuchtstoff, der mittels zumindest eines Laserstrahls einer Laseranordnung zur Sekundärlichtabgabe anregbar ist.As an alternative to designing the light source by means of the LED light sources or as an OLED matrix, there is the possibility of providing the light source by means of a light source matrix in the form of a color conversion matrix, with the individual light sources being provided by cells of the color conversion matrix. In this case, the cells comprise a phosphor which can be excited by means of at least one laser beam of a laser arrangement to emit secondary light.
Die Farbkonvertierungsmatrix kann beispielsweise durch entsprechende Vergussmassen in die Leuchtstoff eingebracht ist, bereitgestellt werden. Dabei kann in den Zellen der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix grüner, gelber oder roter Leuchtstoff oder eine Mischung davon enthalten sein, wobei vorzugsweise ein organischer Leuchtstoff oder ein Quantumdot eingesetzt wird, der vorzugsweise mittels eines blauen Laserstrahls zur Sekundärlichtabgabe anregbar ist.The color conversion matrix can be provided, for example, by appropriate casting compounds into which the phosphor is introduced. The cells of the color conversion matrix can contain green, yellow or red phosphor or a mixture thereof, with an organic phosphor or a quantum dot preferably being used, which can preferably be excited by a blue laser beam to emit secondary light.
Ein Leuchtstoff im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ist dabei allgemein ein Stoff, der durch Laserlicht anregbar ist und daraufhin ein sekundäres Lichtspektrum abgibt. Vorliegend einsetzbare Leuchtstoffe sind zum Beispiel: ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, CdSe, ZnTe, CdTe), Silikate (Ca3Sc2Si3O12: Ce3+), Ortho-Silikate (BOSE), Granate (YAG: Ce3+, (YGd)AG: Ce3+, LuAG: Ce3+), Oxides (CaScO2: Eu2+), SiALONs (a-SiALON: Eu2+, b-SiALON: Eu2+), Nitride (La3Si6N11: Ce3+, CaAlSiN3:Ce3+), Oxy-Nitride (SrSi2N2O2: Eu2+, (Ca,Sr,Ba)Si2N2O2: Eu2+).A phosphor within the meaning of the present invention is generally a substance that can be excited by laser light and then emits a secondary light spectrum. Phosphors that can be used here are, for example: ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, CdSe, ZnTe, CdTe), silicates (Ca 3 Sc 2 Si 3 O 12 : Ce 3+ ), ortho-silicates (BOSE), garnets (YAG: Ce 3+ ). , (YGd)AG: Ce 3+ , LuAG: Ce 3+ ), Oxides (CaScO 2 : Eu 2+ ), SiALONs (a-SiALON: Eu 2+ , b-SiALON: Eu 2+ ), Nitrides (La 3 Si 6 N 11 : Ce 3+ , CaAlSiN 3 :Ce 3+ ), oxy-nitrides (SrSi 2 N 2 O 2 : Eu 2+ , (Ca,Sr,Ba)Si 2 N 2 O 2 : Eu 2+ ) .
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird der zumindest eine Laserstrahl mittels einer Mikrospiegelanordnung auf die jeweiligen Zellen der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix gerichtet. Dabei ist es insbesondere bevorzugt, dass die Mikrospiegelanordnung mit einer Frequenz zwischen 30 und 1000 Hz, vorzugsweise zwischen 50 und 200 Hz auf die Zellen gerichtet werden kann. Ist die Dynamik der Mikrospiegelanordnung dabei ausreichend groß gewählt (was bei Frequenzen von ≥ etwa 30 Hz, also 30 Ablenkungen pro Sekunde der Fall ist) verschwimmen die erzeugten Einzelbelichtungen des Systems für das menschliche Auge zu einem einzelnen zusammengesetzten Abbild. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, dass eine flimmer und ruckelfreie Abbildung bei einer Frequenz von etwa 200 Hz bereitgestellt werden kann, wobei für Anwendungen für Filmkameras vorzugsweise höhere Frequenzen mit bis zu 1000 Hz eingesetzt werden.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one laser beam is directed onto the respective cells of the color conversion matrix by means of a micromirror arrangement. It is particularly preferred that the micromirror arrangement can be directed onto the cells with a frequency between 30 and 1000 Hz, preferably between 50 and 200 Hz. If the dynamics of the micromirror arrangement are chosen to be sufficiently large (which is the case at frequencies of ≧30 Hz, i.e. 30 deflections per second), the individual exposures generated by the system blur to form a single composite image for the human eye. In practice it has been shown that a flicker and jerk-free image can be provided at a frequency of approximately 200 Hz, with higher frequencies of up to 1000 Hz preferably being used for applications for film cameras.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zum Einsatz einer Mikrospiegelanordnung, mit der der Laserstrahl auf unterschiedliche Zellen der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix gerichtet werden kann, können bestimmten Zellen ein auf diese fest ausgerichteten Laserstrahl umfassen. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, bestimmte bzw. alle Zellen zeitgleich anzusteuern.Alternatively or in addition to using a micromirror array to direct the laser beam to different cells of the color conversion matrix, certain cells may include a laser beam fixed to them. This makes it possible to control certain or all cells at the same time.
Alternativ zur Ablenkung eines Laserstrahls bzw. zur Zuordnung eines Laserstrahls zur einer Zelle der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix, besteht die Möglichkeit die Farbkonvertierungsmatrix selbst derart beweglich in der Leuchtvorrichtung anzuordnen, dass die jeweiligen Zellen der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix in zumindest einen ortsfest vorgesehenen Laserstrahl bewegbar sind. Beispielsweise kann eine derartige Beweglichkeit der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix durch einen bzw. durch mehrere piezoelektrische oder elektromagnetische Aktuatoren bereitgestellt werden. Derartige Aktuatoren können beispielsweise mit den Randbereichen der Farbkonvertierungsmatrix verbunden werden, so dass die Farbkonvertierungsmatrix entsprechend frei bewegt werden kann. Vorzugsweise sind die Einzellichtquellen zumindest eines Bereichs der Lichtquelle derart bereitgestellt, dass dieser Bereich ein Weißlicht mit einer Farbtemperatur zwischen 4500 K und 800 K, vorzugsweise zwischen 5000 K und 7500 K und besonders bevorzugt von etwa 6000 K abgeben kann; und wobei die Einzellichtquellen zumindest eines weiteren Bereichs derart bereitgestellt sind, dass dieser weitere Bereich ein Weißlicht mit einer Farbtemperatur zwischen 2500 K und 4000 K, vorzugsweise zwischen 3000 K und 3500 K und besonders bevorzugt von etwa 3000 K abgeben kann. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Leuchtvorrichtung zwischen einem warmweißen Weißlicht und einem kaltweißem Weißlicht eingestellt werden kann bzw., dass entsprechende Lichtmischungen bereitgestellt werden können. Vorzugsweise sind die Einzellichtquellen zumindest eines Bereichs der Lichtquelle derart bereitgestellt, dass dieser Bereich Rotlicht mit einer Peak-Wellenlänge zwischen 580 und 670 Nm abgeben kann, wobei vorzugsweise die Einzellichtquellen zumindest eines weiteren Bereichs derart bereitgestellt sind, dass dieser Bereich Blaulicht mit einer Peak-Wellenlänge zwischen 390 und 480 Nm abgeben kann, wobei die Einzellichtquellen mindestens eines weiteren Bereichs der Lichtquelle vorzugsweise derart bereitgestellt sind, dass dieser Bereich Grünlicht mit einer Peak-Wellenlänge zwischen etwa 480 und 560 Nm abgeben kann, wobei die Einzellichtquellen zumindest eines weiteren Bereichs der Lichtquelle vorzugsweise derart bereitgestellt sind, dass dieser Bereich Gelblicht mit einer Peak-Wellenlänge zwischen 560 und 630 Nm abgeben kann. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, dass durch die Leuchtvorrichtung ein farbveränderliches System bereitgestellt werden kann, so dass im Wesentlichen alle Farben des Farbraums bereitgestellt werden können. In diesem Zusammenhang besteht auch die Möglichkeit, nur bestimmte Peak-Wellenlängen durch die Einzellichtquellen der jeweiligen Bereiche bereitzustellen, so dass die Leuchtvorrichtung Licht in einem korrespondierenden Farbraum abgeben kann.As an alternative to deflecting a laser beam or assigning a laser beam to a cell of the color conversion matrix, there is the possibility of arranging the color conversion matrix itself movably in the lighting device such that the respective cells of the color conversion matrix can be moved into at least one stationary laser beam. For example, such mobility of the color conversion matrix can be provided by one or more piezoelectric or electromagnetic actuators. Such actuators can be connected to the edge areas of the color conversion matrix, for example, so that the color conversion matrix can be moved freely accordingly. The individual light sources are preferably provided in at least one area of the light source in such a way that this area can emit white light with a color temperature between 4500 K and 800 K, preferably between 5000 K and 7500 K and particularly preferably around 6000 K; and wherein the individual light sources of at least one further area are provided in such a way that this further area has a white light with a Color temperature between 2500K and 4000K, preferably between 3000K and 3500K and more preferably of about 3000K. As a result, there is the possibility that the lighting device can be adjusted between a warm white light and a cold white light or that corresponding light mixtures can be provided. The individual light sources of at least one area of the light source are preferably provided in such a way that this area can emit red light with a peak wavelength between 580 and 670 nm, with the individual light sources of at least one further area preferably being provided in such a way that this area emits blue light with a peak wavelength between 390 and 480 Nm, the individual light sources of at least one further area of the light source preferably being provided in such a way that this area can emit green light with a peak wavelength of between approximately 480 and 560 Nm, the individual light sources of at least one further area of the light source preferably being provided are provided in such a way that this area can emit yellow light with a peak wavelength between 560 and 630 nm. As a result, there is the possibility that a color-changing system can be provided by the lighting device, so that essentially all colors of the color space can be provided. In this context, there is also the possibility of providing only certain peak wavelengths through the individual light sources of the respective areas, so that the lighting device can emit light in a corresponding color space.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Leuchtvorrichtung zumindest zwei fläche, matrixartig aufgebaute Lichtquellen, die im Wesentlichen auf dasselbe Beleuchtungsfeld ausrichtbar sind. Bei Einsatz nur einer flächigen, matrixartig aufgebauten Lichtquelle, besteht die Gefahr, dass die Lichtabgabe "fleckig" ausfällt, je nach eingesetzter Anzahl der Einzellichtquellen und je nach Größe des zu belechtenden Bereichs. Durch den Einsatz von zumindest zwei flächigen, matrixartig aufgebauten Lichtquellen, die im Wesentlichen auf dasselbe Beleuchtungsfeld ausrichtbar sind (beispielsweise mittels einer entsprechenden Optik) kann durch Überlagerung der beiden Lichtabgaben ein insgesamt sehr homogenes Lichtbild erreicht werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es erfindungsgemäß, dass zwei flächige, matrixartig aufgebaute Lichtquellen eine invertierte Anordnung der Einzellichtquellen aufweist. Mit anderen Worten ist es bevorzugt, dass die Einzellichtquellen umgekehrt symmetrisch auf den Lichtquellen angeordnet sind, so dass sich eine besonders vorteilhafte Überlagerung der beiden Lichtabgaben ergibt.According to the invention, the lighting device comprises at least two surface light sources constructed in a matrix-like manner, which can essentially be aligned to the same illumination field. If only one planar, matrix-like light source is used, there is a risk that the light emission will be "spotty" , depending on the number of individual light sources used and depending on the size of the area to be illuminated. By using at least two planar, matrix-like light sources, which can essentially be aligned to the same illumination field (for example by means of appropriate optics), an overall very homogeneous light image can be achieved by superimposing the two light outputs. In this context, it is inventive that two flat, matrix-like light sources have an inverted arrangement of the individual light sources. In other words is it is preferable for the individual light sources to be arranged inversely symmetrically on the light sources, resulting in a particularly advantageous superimposition of the two light outputs.
Nachfolgend wird eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Figuren gegeben. Darin zeigt:
Figur 1- eine schematische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung;
Figur 2- LED-Lichtquellen, die vorzugsweise in einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung eingesetzt werden;
Figur 3- eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung mit einer OLED-Matrix als Lichtquelle;
- Figur 4
- eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung mit zwei Lichtquellen, die im Wesentlichen auf dasselbe Beleuchtungsfeld ausrichtbar sind;
- Figur 5
- eine schematische Ansicht zweier Lichtquellen, wie sie vorzugsweise in einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung eingesetzt werden;
- Figur 6
- eine schematische Ansicht unterschiedlicher Lichtquellen, wie sie in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung eingesetzt werden können;
- Figur 7
- eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung, wobei die Lichtquelle durch eine Lichtquellenmatrix im Form einer Farbkonvertierungsmatrix bereitgestellt ist;
- Figur 8
- eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung;
- Figur 9
- eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung;
Figur 10- eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtvorrichtung;
Figur 11- eine schematische Ansicht einer bevorzugten Verschaltung der Einzellichtquellen eines Bereichs;
Figur 12- eine schematische Ansicht eines einstellbaren Widerstands in Form eines einstellbaren Potentiometers;
Figur 13- eine schematische Ansicht einer bevorzugten Verschaltung der Lichtquelle;
- Figur 14
- eine schematische Ansicht eines einstellbaren Widerstands in Form einer Widerstandskaskade mit einer Mikrocontroller-Steuerung;
Figur 15- eine schematische Ansicht einer bevorzugten Verschaltung der Lichtquelle mit einer im Konverter integrierten Mikrocontroller-Schaltung des einstellbaren Widerstands;
- Figur 16
- eine schematische Ansicht einer bevorzugten Verschaltung der Lichtquelle mit einer separaten Mikrocontroller-Schaltung des einstellbaren Widerstands;
- Figur 17
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Verschaltung von zwei Lichtquellen mit einem Vier-Kanal-Konverter und zwei einstellbaren Widerständen;
- Figur 18
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Verschaltung einer Lichtquelle mit zumindest einem Festwiderstand.
- figure 1
- a schematic view of a first embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 2
- LED light sources, which are preferably used in a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 3
- a schematic view of a further embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention with an OLED matrix as a light source;
- figure 4
- a schematic view of a further embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention with two light sources, which can be aligned essentially to the same illumination field;
- figure 5
- a schematic view of two light sources, as they are preferably used in a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 6
- a schematic view of different light sources, as they can be used in a preferred embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 7
- a schematic view of a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention, wherein the light source is provided by a light source matrix in the form of a color conversion matrix;
- figure 8
- a schematic view of a further embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 9
- a schematic view of a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 10
- a schematic view of a further preferred embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention;
- figure 11
- a schematic view of a preferred interconnection of the individual light sources of an area;
- figure 12
- a schematic view of an adjustable resistor in the form of an adjustable potentiometer;
- figure 13
- a schematic view of a preferred connection of the light source;
- figure 14
- a schematic view of an adjustable resistor in the form of a resistor cascade with a microcontroller control;
- figure 15
- a schematic view of a preferred connection of the light source with a converter integrated microcontroller circuit of the adjustable resistor;
- figure 16
- a schematic view of a preferred connection of the light source with a separate microcontroller circuit of the adjustable resistor;
- figure 17
- a schematic view of an interconnection of two light sources with a four-channel converter and two adjustable resistors;
- figure 18
- a schematic view of an interconnection of a light source with at least one fixed resistor.
Die Lichtquelle 11 umfasst dabei einen inneren Bereich 12 und in der gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsform vier äußere Bereiche 13. Die in
Die gezeigte bevorzugte Ausführungsform stellt dabei eine sogenannte Center-Beam-Anordnung dar, bei der ein innerer Bereich der Lichtquelle 11 mit einem oder mehreren umgebenden Bereichen der Lichtquelle angeordnet ist. Die jeweiligen Bereiche der Lichtquelle können dabei unabhängig voneinander angesteuert werden, so dass die auf der rechten Seite dargestellten Beleuchtungen (vgl. Bezugszeichen 20) eingestellt werden können. Wie in
Die optische Anordnung 15IV ist dabei derart ausgebildet, dass die beiden Lichtquellen 11IV im Wesentlichen auf dasselbe Beleuchtungsfeld ausrichtbar sind, so dass das von den Lichtquellen 11IV emittierte Licht entsprechend überlagert werden kann. Zur Bereitstellung eines möglichst homogenen Lichtfelds ist es erfindungsgemäß, dass die Lichtquellen 11IV eine invertierte Anordnung der Einzellichtquellen aufweist, so dass möglichst "fleckenfreie" Abbildungen bereitgestellt werden.The
Eine derartige Mischkammer 16X kann in allen gezeigten Ausführungsformen der Leuchtvorrichtung eingesetzt werden.Such a mixing chamber 16 X can be used in all of the illustrated embodiments of the lighting device.
Wie in
Besonders bevorzugt wird vorliegend eine Mikrokontroller-Schaltung eingesetzt, die Reed-Schalter ansteuert, so dass dadurch die potentialfreie Widerstandskaskade nach Bedarf frei eingestellt werden kann. Die Größe der eingesetzten Widerstandskaskade (d.h. die Anzahl der jeweiligen Widerstände und der jeweiligen Widerstandswerte) kann dabei je nach Anwendungsfall angepasst werden. Die Mikrokontroller-Schaltung kann dabei auch direkt in ein eingesetztes LED-Modul integriert werden und mit einer entsprechenden Steuerleitung versehen werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es ebenfalls möglich, dass das Steuersignal über die Versorgungsspannung des Konverters mit übertragen wird, vorzugsweise als sogenanntes Signal-Over-Power-Signal. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Mikrokontroller-Schaltung als separates Bauteil zwischen einem LED-Modul und einem Konverter oder direkt in einem Konverter integriert ist.In the present case, it is particularly preferred to use a microcontroller circuit that controls reed switches, so that the potential-free resistor cascade can be set freely as required. The size of the resistor cascade used (i.e. the number of the respective resistors and the respective resistance values) can be adjusted depending on the application. The microcontroller circuit can also be integrated directly into an inserted LED module and provided with a corresponding control line. In this context it is also possible for the control signal to be transmitted via the supply voltage of the converter, preferably as a so-called signal-over-power signal. There is also the possibility that the microcontroller circuit is integrated as a separate component between an LED module and a converter or directly in a converter.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, solange es sich um einen Gegenstand der folgenden Ansprüche umfasst. Ferner sind die vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispiele in beliebiger Weise mit und untereinander kombinierbar.The present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, as long as it encompasses subject matter of the following claims. Furthermore, the preceding exemplary embodiments can be combined with and among one another in any desired manner.
Claims (13)
- Lighting device (10), in particular a spotlight lighting device, comprising:- at least one planar light source (11) having a matrix-like structure and comprising a plurality of individual light sources (12, 13), each of which is suitable for emitting light having a defined wavelength;- wherein at least one first region (12) having at least one individual light source and a second region (13) having at least one individual light source can be controlled independently of one another;- wherein the individual light sources of the at least two regions (12, 13) are configured to emit light having different defined wavelengths;- wherein the lighting device (10) comprises at least two planar light sources (11) having matrix-like structures which can be aligned substantially to the same illumination field so that the light emitted by the light sources (11) is accordingly superimposed;- wherein the two planar light sources (11) having matrix-like structures comprise an inverted arrangement of the individual light sources;characterized in that the first region (12) of each light source (11) is an inner region and the second region (13) is an outer region which surrounds the inner region, orthat the first region (12) of each light source (11) is an inner region, which is surrounded by a plurality of outer regions (13) of each light source (11),orthat the regions are provided by a grouping of a plurality of individual light sources which substantially emit light having the same defined wavelength, wherein the individual light sources of a grouping are preferably disposed distributed over each light source (11); andthat the regions can be controlled independently of one another such that both a symmetrical and an asymmetrical emission characteristic with different focal points of illumination can be provided.
- Lighting device (10) according to Claim 1, wherein the individual light sources of each light source (11) are disposed point-symmetrically and/or mirror-symmetrically.
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the emission direction of the light sources (11) behind the light sources (11), at least one optical assembly (15) and/or a mixing assembly (16) is provided, wherein the optical assembly (15) preferably comprises a converging lens or a reflector assembly.
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,wherein the individual light sources of each light source (11) are LED light sources, in particular provided by individual LEDs or by chip-on-board LEDs, and/orwherein the light sources (11) are LED light sources configured as chip-scale packages or as chip-scale package arrays.
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the individual light sources of a region (12, 13) are connected as serial strings or as serial strings connected in parallel with one another and can be controlled together.
- Lighting device (10) according to Claim 5, wherein each string of a region is supplied with energy by a converter unit (50) or by a channel of a multichannel converter unit (50).
- Lighting device (10) according to Claim 5 or 6, wherein at least two strings of different regions (12, 13) are supplied with energy by a channel of a converter unit (50) and wherein a, preferably potential-free, adjustable resistor (60) is disposed between the at least two strings,wherein the adjustable resistor (60) is preferably provided by a mechanically adjustable potentiometer, wherein the mechanically adjustable potentiometer is preferably further adjustable by a controllable actuator, and/orwherein the adjustable resistor (60) is preferably provided by a controllable digital potentiometer, and/orwherein the adjustable resistor (60) is preferably provided by a resistor cascade with a microcontroller control of a reed switch circuit.
- Lighting device (10) according to Claim 7,wherein a control unit for controlling the adjustable resistor (60) is provided which is preferably integrated into the converter unit (50), wherein the control of the adjustable resistor (60) is preferably a signal over power control, and/orwherein, in addition to the adjustable resistor (60), at least one fixed resistor (R4) is provided in at least one string of a region (12, 13), wherein the value of the fixed resistor (R4) preferably corresponds to about 1/3 of the highest resistance provided in the resistor cascade.
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each light source (11) is provided by a light source matrix in the form of an OLED matrix.
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each light source (11) is provided by a light source matrix in the form of a color conversion matrix, wherein the individual light sources are provided by cells comprising a luminescent material that can be excited to secondary light emission by means of at least one laser beam of a laser assembly (26),
wherein the cells of the color conversion matrix preferably contain green, yellow or red luminescent material or a mixture thereof, wherein the luminescent material is preferably also an inorganic luminescent material or a quantum dot that can preferably be excited to secondary light emission by means of a blue laser beam. - Lighting device (10) according to Claim 10, wherein the at least one laser beam is directed onto the respective cells of the color conversion matrix by means of a micromirror assembly (25),wherein the micromirror assembly (25) is preferably directed onto the cells with a frequency between 30 and 1000 Hz, preferably between 50 and 200 Hz, orwherein each cell is associated with a laser beam which is fixedly directed onto it, orwherein at least one laser beam can be directed onto specific cells of the color conversion matrix by means of a micromirror assembly (25) and at least one further laser beam is fixedly associated with a cell, orwherein the color conversion matrix is movably disposed in the lighting device (10) such that the respective cells of the color conversion matrix can be moved into at least one stationary laser beam, wherein the color conversion matrix is preferably moved by means of at least one piezoelectric or at least one electromagnetic actuator (30).
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the individual light sources of at least one region (12, 13) of each light source (11) are provided in such a way that this region can emit a white light having a color temperature between 4500 K and 8000 K, preferably between 5000 K and 7500 K, and particularly preferably about 6000 K; and wherein the individual light sources of at least one further region (12, 13) are provided in such a way that said further region can emit a white light having a color temperature between 2500 K and 4000 K, preferably between 3000 K and 3500 K, and particularly preferably about 3000 K.
- Lighting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the individual light sources of at least one region (12, 13) of each light source (11) are provided in such a way that said region can emit light having a peak wavelength between about 580 and 670 nm, and/or between about 390 and 480 nm, and/or between about 480 and 560 nm, and/or between 560 and 630 nm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE202015105853.5U DE202015105853U1 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | lighting device |
PCT/EP2016/076345 WO2017076861A2 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-02 | Lighting device |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3371511A2 EP3371511A2 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
EP3371511B1 true EP3371511B1 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
EP3371511B8 EP3371511B8 (en) | 2022-05-18 |
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EP16815725.3A Active EP3371511B8 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-02 | Lighting device |
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EP (1) | EP3371511B8 (en) |
AT (1) | AT16507U1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202015105853U1 (en) |
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DE202021101523U1 (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-07-01 | Wiska Hoppmann Gmbh | Lighting unit for mounting in a ship's searchlight |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AT16507U1 (en) | 2019-11-15 |
DE202015105853U1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
EP3371511B8 (en) | 2022-05-18 |
WO2017076861A2 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
WO2017076861A3 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
EP3371511A2 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
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