EP3367044B1 - Adjusting element for adjusting a line of sight of an optical sighting device, and telescopic sight with the adjusting element and weapon with the telescopic sight, as well as method of positioning the line of sight - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an adjusting element for adjusting a line of sight of an optical sighting device, in particular a telescopic sight, and a telescopic sight equipped with the adjusting element and a weapon equipped with the telescopic sight. The invention further relates to a method for adjusting a line of sight of an optical sighting device.

From the EP 2 848 887 A2 a telescopic sight with a rotating tower is known, which has a rotary actuating element and a display element.

From the AT 516 059 A4 a further riflescope with a rotating tower is known, which has a rotary actuating element and a display element.

Other riflescopes are from the EP 1 843 122 B1 and the EP 2 684 005 B1 known.

The DE1812964U discloses a setting for photographic and cinematographic lenses with distance and focal length adjustment.

The US2003 / 0145505 A discloses an adjusting element for a telescopic sight, with a base, a rotary actuating element which can be rotated relative to the base about an axis of rotation, and a display element. The display element can be rotated about the axis of rotation relative to the base and has along its circumference at least one scale which is visible from the outside and has a plurality of scale markings which can be read in relation to a reference mark, the display element being coupled to the rotary actuation element and the reference mark being coupled to the base is and the display element is used to display the current setting of the rotary actuator. The individual scale markings represent values of a main parameter.

The JPS56130905U discloses an adjusting element for a telescopic sight, with a base, a rotary actuating element which can be rotated about an axis of rotation relative to the base, and a display element. The display element can be rotated about the axis of rotation relative to the base and has along its circumference at least one externally visible scale with a plurality of scale markings, which can be read in relation to a reference mark, the display element being coupled to the rotary actuation element and the reference mark being coupled to the base is and the display element is used to display the current setting of the rotary actuator.

In the riflescopes known from the prior art, the revolving tower is used to make a correction in the event of the current shooting conditions deviating from the bullet conditions. The sight line, or line of sight, is tilted by an angle relative to the barrel of the rifle by means of the rotary actuating element. The rotary actuating element is coupled to a display element on which a scale is attached, as a result of which the current angle setting can be read. The resolution of the scale usually defines the smallest possible setting step. In addition, it is usually provided that the rotary actuating element is coupled to a locking ring, through which an acoustic or haptic feedback can be given to the user and, moreover, the rotary actuating element can be fixed in its current position against undesired rotation. The resolution of the locking ring is in most cases identical to the resolution of the scale. The rotation of the rotary actuating element by an incremental step of the locking ring, which is also called a click, causes the line of sight to tilt by a certain angle. The angle value is usually in the form of an adjustment of the line of sight by a certain lateral displacement at a certain distance, such as 1cm / 100m or 0.5cm / 100m or in angular minutes, also minutes of angle or MOA, or a fraction of an MOA. Ballistic tables belonging to a rifle show how many clicks can be used to compensate for deviations from the bullet conditions.

The most important bullet conditions include the bullet distance, the air pressure prevailing during the bullet and the ambient temperature, the cartridge used (laboratory), including the nature of the projectile and the load, i.e. all factors relevant to external ballistics, such as the ballistic coefficient (BC) or the Projectile exit speed from the barrel (v0). Other entry conditions include the geographic location of the entry area and many other factors. Mostly, the target is shot horizontally. The greatest impact of a deviation of the meeting point height brings with it a different distance from the bullet distance.

To compensate for the shifting of the meeting point due to a different shooting distance than the bullet distance, the shooter has to make corrections for a spot shot when aiming. In the case of a trained marksman and a shooting distance that does not deviate too much from the shooting range, these corrections can be made on the basis of empirical values by adjusting the turret by a few clicks or by moving the stopping point to the target. For example, an additional 5-10 clicks or 3-5 MOA for firing distances up to 200m are required at 100m range. For larger deviations in the distance, especially over 200m shooting distance at 100m shooting distance, precalculated simple tables are necessary, which e.g. be glued to the rifle stock for quick viewing.

If a second parameter value, such as the cross wind or a certain shot angle, for example when increasing the target to the horizontal, is to be compensated to take into account the necessary correction based on the shooting distance, this usually leads to a problem, since empirical values apply to the additional correction value to be taken into account missing or appropriate and extensive ballistic tables are usually not at hand. Due to their complexity, extensive ballistics tables also have the disadvantage that that they are difficult to read and that reading errors are not uncommon in the field and under stress.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an adjusting element for a riflescope or a riflescope equipped with the adjusting element, by means of which a second parameter can be easily taken into account and compensated for.

This object is achieved by a device according to the claims.

According to the invention, an adjustment element for a telescopic sight is formed with a base, a rotary actuating element which can be rotated about an axis of rotation relative to the base, and a display element. The display element can be rotated about the axis of rotation relative to the base and has along its circumference at least one externally visible scale with a plurality of scale markings, which can be read in relation to a reference mark, the display element being coupled to the rotary actuation element and the reference mark being coupled to the base is and the display element is used to display the current setting of the rotary actuator. The individual scale markings represent values of a main parameter, at least two scale levels being formed to display a secondary parameter value, which are arranged axially spaced apart from one another on the display element, the scale markings of the individual scale levels representing the same value of the main parameter being shifted from one another by a difference angle and by the individual scale levels a first secondary parameter can be set. The scale markings are designed in the form of curved curves which extend over the individual scale planes, the curved curves which extend over the individual scale planes connecting the individual point values to one another.

The adjustment element according to the invention has the advantage that, with a variable secondary parameter value, a further parameter can be taken into account which influences the main parameter value. This has advantages in particular if the necessary setting of the main parameter, for example for changing the shooting distance, is carried out by the user on the basis of empirical values or simple tables. Of the Secondary parameters, for example a shooting angle, can be set easily and without arithmetic using the scale of the secondary parameter.

In particular, it is provided that the main parameter represents MOA or a fraction of MOA or a specific adjustment, such as 1 cm / 100 m. It is therefore a purely incremental angle adjustment of the line of sight to the barrel when setting the main parameter. In order to be able to take into account differences from the margin conditions, the necessary correction of the main parameter must be calculated or read from a corresponding table.

The first secondary parameter usually represents the deviation of the line of sight under certain different conditions from the entry conditions. For example, the first secondary parameter can be used to correct a deviation of the shot angle relative to the horizontal. This is an absolute value, which applies to the same conditions as for standard bullet conditions, apart from the shot angle. In other words, the first secondary parameter already contains the information from a multidimensional ballistics table. If a certain weapon / laboratory combination was not shot under standard bullet conditions, but for example at a distance different from the standard bullet distance, it can happen that the values of the first secondary parameter are no longer correct. However, these deviations are often so small that they are negligible and the representation of the first secondary parameter remains valid even in this case.

A standard bullet condition is a bullet condition that is typical for a certain weapon with a certain amount of workmanship in a certain environmental condition, such as standard ICAO atmosphere. In order to be able to correctly take the secondary parameters into account, it may be necessary for the display element to be matched to a specific weapon under its typical bullet conditions.

The aspects discussed for the first secondary parameter can also apply to the second secondary parameter.

In particular, it can be provided that the first secondary parameter is used to correct a deviation of the shot angle relative to the horizontal with the height tower. Alternatively, it can be provided, for example, that the first secondary parameter is used to correct a cross wind with the side tower.

It can further be provided that the second secondary parameter serves to correct a deviation of the shot angle relative to the horizontal.

Of course, all parameters that influence the trajectory of the projectile and differ from the main parameter can also be shown in the secondary parameters.

Furthermore, it can be expedient if the display element is arranged directly on the rotary actuation element. The advantage here is that the adjustment element can have a simple structure through this measure. For example, it can be provided that the rotary actuating element is designed in the form of a rotary wheel with a cylindrical outer surface and that the display element is printed on the cylindrical outer surface, for example. It can also be provided that the display element is scratched, engraved, etched onto the cylindrical outer lateral surface or applied to the rotary actuating element by some other shape. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the display element is in the form of a film which is glued to the rotary actuation element.

According to the invention, the scale markings are designed in the form of curved curves which extend over the individual scale levels. The advantage here is that the curved curves, which extend over the individual scale planes, connect the individual point values with one another. The readability of the display element can thereby be improved.

In addition, it can be provided that the relative angle between two scale markings of a first scale level is different in size from a relative angle between two scale markings of a second scale level. By means of this measure, it can be taken into account, for example, that a change in the shot angle when the bullet is removed has a different effect than a change in the shot angle at a distance that deviates from the bullet distance.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the relative angles between two scale markings in different scale planes are the same. This can be achieved that the curved curves are parallel to each other. Such a scale marking can thus also be suitable for a rotary actuating element which is designed for multiple revolutions. Such an embodiment variant can be particularly advantageous if the necessary adjustments in the individual scale levels are negligible, so that high accuracy can nevertheless be achieved.

Also advantageous is a configuration according to which it can be provided that axially parallel auxiliary lines are arranged on the display element, which extend at least some of the scale markings from the different scale planes towards the reference marking. The advantage here is that reading the display element is made easier by this measure. In particular, this makes it easier to read scale markings from scale planes distant from the reference marking.

According to a further development, it is possible for the individual scale planes to be characterized by axially spaced, circumferentially extending secondary scale markings. The advantage here is that the individual scale levels can be made visible by the secondary scale markings.

Furthermore, it can be expedient if the scale markings and the axially parallel auxiliary lines and / or the secondary scale markings have a different color and / or a different line width. The advantage here is that this measure makes the display element clear and easy to read.

In addition, it can be provided that the reference marking has a second scale and a second secondary parameter can thereby be set, the second scale of the reference marking being used for shifting the zero point on the basis of the second secondary parameter. The advantage here is that not only one secondary parameter but also a second secondary parameter can be set by this measure.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the resolution of the first secondary parameter is selected such that the difference angle between two scale markings from adjacent scale levels, which represent the same value of the main parameter, is the same size or by an integer multiplication as the resolution of the scale marking of the Main parameters. The advantage here is that this measure means that the scale markings from different scale levels lie one above the other on an axis-parallel line, and this makes it easier to read the set scale value. In addition, it can be achieved in this way that the scale markings in each scale plane correspond to a latching position of the rotary actuating element. To achieve this, it may be necessary, for example, that unconventional values, such as a shot angle of 7.4 °, 14.8 °, etc., are displayed in the individual scale levels.

According to a special embodiment, it is possible for a transparent reading aid to be formed which is coupled to the base and extends outside the display element over the individual scale levels of the display element, the reference marking being in the form of an axially parallel line applied to the reading aid. The advantage here is that such a reading aid makes it easy to read the individual values of the different scale levels.

According to an advantageous development, it can be provided that the secondary scale markings of the individual scale levels are formed on the reading aid.

In particular, it can be advantageous if the reading aid is arranged on a rotating ring which can be rotated relative to the base, as a result of which the second secondary parameter can be set. This means that a second parameter value can be set even when using the reading aid.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the display element is formed from an at least partially transparent material, on which the individual scale markings are applied, and that the reference mark is designed in the form of an axially parallel line arranged behind the display element, which extends over the individual scale levels of the display element.

In addition, it can be provided that the display element can be exchanged and that various display elements with different scale levels can be attached to the adjustment element. The advantage here is that this measure allows the display element to be adapted to the weapon used in each case with a specific level of labor can and thus the scope can be used for different weapons or when changing the laboratory.

Furthermore, it can be provided that an at least partially transparent hollow cylinder is formed, on which the reference mark is formed, the hollow cylinder being coupled to the base and not rotatable relative to the base, and that an indicator cylinder located within the hollow cylinder is rotationally coupled to the rotary actuating element, on which the display element is arranged, the display element of the display cylinder being readable together with the reference marking of the hollow cylinder.

Alternatively, it can be provided that an at least partially transparent hollow cylinder is formed, on which the display element is formed, the hollow cylinder being rotationally coupled to the rotary actuating element, and that a reference component is arranged inside the hollow cylinder, on which the reference mark is arranged, the Reference component is coupled to the base.

According to the invention, a telescopic sight is provided, on which the adjustment element according to the invention is arranged, for example as a height tower for vertical or as a side tower for horizontal adjustment of the sight line.

Furthermore, a weapon, in particular a rifle, is provided, on which the telescopic sight according to the invention with the adjusting element according to the invention is arranged.

Furthermore, it can be expedient if the difference angle between the individual scale levels and / or the relative angle between two scale markings of one scale level is selected in accordance with the standard bullet conditions typical for the rifle.

• Eruieren der von den Einschussbedingungen abweichenden aktuellen Schussbedingungen, insbesondere der Schussentfernung;
• Festlegen eines notwendigen Korrekturwertes eines Hauptparameters, insbesondere durch Ablesen aus einer Tabelle oder einem Diagramm oder direkt aus einem Anzeigeelement;
• Verdrehen des Drehbetätigungselementes relativ zur Basis, um einen bestimmten zur Korrektur notwendigen Wert des Hauptparameters einzustellen, wobei die aktuelle Stellung des Drehbetätigungselementes mithilfe des Anzeigeelementes abgelesen werden kann;
• Eruieren des bei den aktuellen Schussbedingungen zutreffenden Nebenparameters;
• Festlegen eines notwendigen Korrekturwertes des Hauptparameters nach dem ersten Nebenparameter durch Ablesen des Korrekturwertes vom Anzeigeelement;
• Anpassen der Drehwinkelstellung des Drehbetätigungselementes, um den Hauptparameter nach dem ersten Nebenparameter zu korrigieren.

According to the invention, a method for adjusting a line of sight of an optical sighting device, in particular a telescopic sight, is also provided by means of the adjusting element according to the invention. The process comprises the following process steps:

• Determining the current shooting conditions that deviate from the shooting conditions, in particular the shooting distance;
• Determining a necessary correction value of a main parameter, in particular by Reading from a table or a diagram or directly from a display element;
• Rotating the rotary actuating element relative to the base in order to set a specific value of the main parameter necessary for correction, the current position of the rotary actuating element being able to be read off using the display element;
• Determining the secondary parameter applicable under the current shooting conditions;
• Determining a necessary correction value of the main parameter according to the first secondary parameter by reading the correction value from the display element;
• Adjusting the rotational angle position of the rotary actuating element in order to correct the main parameter after the first secondary parameter.

Instead of reading the necessary correction value from a table or a diagram, experienced shooters can also know or estimate the necessary correction value by heart.

The step "adapting the rotational angle position of the rotary actuating element in order to correct the main parameter after the first secondary parameter" can also be carried out simultaneously with the step - "rotating the rotary actuating element relative to the base in order to set a specific value of the main parameter necessary for correction" . In addition, the end position of the rotary actuation element to be reached can be read from the display element and thus determined before the rotation of the rotary actuation element, taking into account both the main parameter and the first secondary parameter. Thus, both the main parameter and the first secondary parameter can be taken into account with only one adjustment process of the rotary actuating element.

Furthermore, it is also conceivable that, as a first method step, a weapon, on which the optical sighting device is arranged, is shot under certain shooting conditions.

A necessary correction value of the main parameter can also be determined by means of calculations using a ballistics program.

For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zielfernrohres in einem Längsschnitt parallel zur Sichtlinie Achse;

Fig. 2

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verstellelementes mit Einstellmöglichkeit für einen Hauptparameter und einen ersten Nebenparameter;

Fig. 3

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit Einstellmöglichkeit für den Hauptparameter, den ersten Nebenparameter und einen zweiten Nebenparameter;

Fig. 4

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit Hilfslinien;

Fig. 5

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit unterschiedlich stark gekrümmten Linien der Hauptskalenmarkierung;

Fig. 6

ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit einem durchsichtigen Hohlzylinder;

Fig. 7

ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit einem durchsichtigen Hohlzylinder;

Fig. 8

ein siebtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit einer Ablesehilfe;

Fig. 9

ein achtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstellelementes mit einer verstellbaren Ablesehilfe;

Fig. 10

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Abwicklung des Anzeigeelementes;

Fig. 11

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Abwicklung des Anzeigeelementes.

Each show in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1

an embodiment of a telescopic sight in a longitudinal section parallel to the line of sight axis;

Fig. 2

a first embodiment of an adjusting element with setting options for a main parameter and a first secondary parameter;

Fig. 3

a second embodiment of the adjusting element with setting options for the main parameter, the first secondary parameter and a second secondary parameter;

Fig. 4

a third embodiment of the adjusting element with auxiliary lines;

Fig. 5

a fourth embodiment of the adjusting element with differently curved lines of the main scale marking;

Fig. 6

a fifth embodiment of the adjusting element with a transparent hollow cylinder;

Fig. 7

a sixth embodiment of the adjusting element with a transparent hollow cylinder;

Fig. 8

a seventh embodiment of the adjusting element with a reading aid;

Fig. 9

an eighth embodiment of the adjusting element with an adjustable reading aid;

Fig. 10

a first embodiment of a processing of the display element;

Fig. 11

a second embodiment of a processing of the display element.

To begin with, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The location information selected in the description, e.g. above, below, on the side, etc., referring to the figure described and illustrated immediately, and if the position is changed, these are to be applied accordingly to the new position.

Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic representation of a telescopic sight 1. The telescopic sight 1 preferably serves as a target device on a rifle. For this purpose, the rifle scope 1 is arranged on the rifle.

The riflescope 1 comprises an outer housing 2, in which a reversing system 5 is arranged between an objective 3 and an eyepiece 4. The optical elements of the reversing system 5, e.g. two cement lenses, sit in an inner housing 6. The reversing system 5 is together with the inner housing 6 as a structural unit inside the outer housing 2 on a bearing 7, e.g. Ball seat, rotatable or tiltable. This unit is tilted by an adjustment by means of an adjustment unit 8. This also changes the direction of a line of sight 9, which can be specifically adjusted by the adjusting unit 8.

To adjust the reversing system 5 within the outer housing 2, an adjusting element 10 acting on the reversing system 5, in particular an adjusting tower 10, is provided.

In alternative configurations, the adjustment tower 10 can also interact with other optical components within the outer housing 2. For example, the lens 3 can be adjustably mounted within the outer housing 2 in order to adjust the line of sight 9. Likewise, the adjustment tower 10 could be set up to move a reticle. In yet another embodiment variant, it is also conceivable for the complete outer housing 2 to be adjusted relative to the rifle to which the telescopic sight 1 is attached by means of the adjustment tower 10.

The riflescope 1 comprises at least one adjustment tower 10. This can be, for example, a height adjustment tower for the vertical adjustment of the line of sight 9. In addition, a second adjustment tower 10 for horizontal adjustment of the sight line 9 can be formed on the telescopic sight 1.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the adjustment tower 10. As from Fig. 2 can be seen, it can be provided that a rotary actuating element 12 is arranged on a base 11, which is rotatable relative to the base 11 with respect to an axis of rotation 13. An adjustment, in particular an angular tilt, of the line of sight 9 can be carried out by means of the rotary actuating element 12.

How out Fig. 2 can be seen, it can be provided that a display element 14 is arranged directly on the rotary actuating element 12, by means of which the current position of the rotary actuating element 12 can be read. The display element 14 comprises a scale 15 with a plurality of scale markings 16. The scale markings 16 can be read in relation to a reference mark 17. How out Fig. 2 can be seen, it can be provided that the rotary actuating element 12 is designed in the form of a cylinder, the scale 15 or the scale markings 16 being printed directly on the circumferential surface of the circular cylinder. The base 11 can also be designed in the form of a circular cylinder, and the reference mark 17 can be printed or attached directly to the base 11.

The individual scale markings 16 represent values of a main parameter 18. The main parameter 18 can, for example, be expressed in multiples of 1 cm / 100 m or MOA. This means that a rotation of the rotary actuating element 12 by an incremental value of a scale marking 16 causes the line of sight 9 to be tilted by a certain angular amount. A relative angle 26 between two scale markings 16 arranged next to one another is also referred to as the resolution of the main parameter 18. Since a locking ring is usually coupled to the rotary actuating element 12, through which the user is given haptic and acoustic feedback when the next scale marking 16 is reached, adjustment by a scale marking 16 is also referred to as a "click".

Different riflescopes 1 can have different resolutions for the angular adjustment of the line of sight 9. Common resolutions are, for example, that a click corresponds to 1cm / 100m, 0.5cm / 100m, 1 MOA, 1/2 MOA, 1/4 MOA or 1/8 MOA. Of course, other values, such as 1/1000 rad, etc. can also be used as the resolution.

It can further be provided that the resolution of the main parameter 18 is identified in a main parameter label 19.

Furthermore, it is provided that not only the main parameter 18 is shown on the display element 14, but also that a first secondary parameter 20 is shown and can therefore be set. For this purpose, a first sub-scale 21 can be provided, which has a plurality of first sub-scale markings 22. In addition, a first sub-scale label 23 can be provided, by means of which the sub-parameter 20 can also be read.

The adjustability of the first secondary parameter 20 can in particular be achieved in that a plurality of scale levels 24 are formed, which are arranged axially spaced apart from one another on the display element 14. The scale markings 16 of the individual scale levels 24 representing the same value of the main parameter 18 are shifted between two mutually adjacent scale levels 24 by a difference angle 25 to one another. This is an angle, since the rotary actuating element 12, on which the display element 14 is arranged, has a circular cylindrical surface. A parameter can be selected as the first secondary parameter 20, which requires only a slight variation or a small setting range. A possible value, which would be suitable as the first secondary parameter 20, for example, is the shot angle.

By designing the display element 14 according to the invention, a deviation from the main parameter 18 can be set in the first secondary parameter 20. How out Fig. 2 can be seen, it can be provided that the scale markings 16 are formed in the form of curved curves which extend over the individual scale levels 24. This increases clarity and makes it easier to read. The scale marks 16 can, as in Fig. 2 can be arranged parallel to each other. In particular, it can be provided that the scale markings 16 are divided evenly over the circumference of the rotary actuating element 12.

Alternatively, it can of course also be provided that the scale marking 16 is only shown in the form of points which are arranged in the individual scale levels 24.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the rotary actuating element 12 has a grip area 27, which is preferably spaced apart from the display element 14 and on which the rotary actuating element 12 can be gripped by the user.

In the Fig. 3 Another and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous one Figure 2 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to the detailed description in the previous one Figure 2 pointed out or referred.

How out Fig. 3 As can be seen, it can also be provided that the reference mark 17 does not comprise a single reference position, but that a second secondary scale 28 is formed on the base 11, which has a plurality of second secondary scale markings 29 and a second secondary scale inscription 30. A second secondary parameter 31 can thereby be set.

The setting of the second secondary parameter 31 is achieved in that the second secondary scale markings 29 can be used to implement a zero point shift when reading the main parameter 18 or the main parameter 18 influenced by the first secondary parameter 20. A parameter can be selected as the second secondary parameter 31, which requires only a slight variation or an only small adjustment range. For example, it is conceivable that the air pressure and therefore the visual height deviation compared to the bullet conditions or a cartridge different from the bullet conditions can be set as the second secondary parameter.

In the Fig. 4 A further and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figures 2 and 3rd be used. Around To avoid unnecessary repetitions, refer to the detailed description in the previous Figures 2 and 3rd pointed out or referred.

How out Fig. 4 As can be seen, provision can be made for auxiliary lines 32 which are parallel to the axis and which extend the intersection points of the scale markings 16 from the different scale planes 24 to the reference mark 17. It makes sense here that the resolution of the first secondary parameter 20 is selected such that the difference angle 25 between two scale marks 16 from adjacent scale levels 24, which scale marks 16 represent the same value of the main parameter 18, is the same size or is an integer multiplication larger like the resolution of the scale marking 16 of the main parameter 18. In the present exemplary embodiment, the difference angle 25 and the relative angle 26 are of the same size. As a result, the scale marking 16 representing the same value of the main parameter 18 is shifted exactly by one click from two adjacent scale levels 24. This not only increases the readability, but also contributes to the fact that each adjustable scale marking of the complete display element 14 coincides with a defined latching position.

The reference mark 17 can of course also in this and in all other exemplary embodiments the same as in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 3 represent the second secondary parameter 31.

For a clear division of the auxiliary lines 32, as in Fig. 4 To achieve this, it may be necessary to select the values of the first secondary parameter 20 such that the shape described is obtained. As a result, odd or unusual values can also occur for the second secondary parameter 31.

In the Fig. 5 A further and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figures 2 to 4 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to the detailed description in the previous Figures 2 to 4 pointed out or referred.

How out Fig. 5 can be seen, it can also be provided that the individual, curved curves of the scale markings 16 are not arranged running parallel to one another, but that the relative angle 26 between two adjacent scale markings 16 of a first scale plane 24 is different in size from the relative angle 26 between two adjacent scale markings 16 in a second scale plane 24. This takes into account, for example, that with a steeper firing angle, a firing distance that is different from the firing conditions requires only a slight adjustment of the tilt of the sight line 9 than would be necessary, for example, with a horizontal firing.

For the sake of clarity, according to the present display element 14 Fig. 5 only three scale marks 16 are shown. It goes without saying that, of course, this type of scale markings 16 can also be arranged distributed over the entire circumference, the curvature of the individual scale markings 16 becoming ever larger.

In the Fig. 6 A further and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figures 2 to 5 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to the detailed description in the previous Figures 2 to 5 pointed out or referred.

How out Fig. 6 can be seen, it can be provided that a hollow cylinder 33 is formed, which is transparent and which is not rotatably coupled to the base 11. The reference marking 17 can be printed or arranged on the surface of the hollow cylinder 33. Furthermore, the first sub-scale 21 with the corresponding first sub-scale markings 22 can be printed on the hollow cylinder 33. A display cylinder 34 can be arranged within the hollow cylinder 33, which is rotationally coupled to the rotary actuating element 12. The display element 14, in particular the scale markings 16, can be printed on the display cylinder 34.

With this configuration, the individual scale levels 24 can be easily read.

The hollow cylinder 33 can be formed, for example, from a glass or a transparent plastic material.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the hollow cylinder 33 with the display element 14 arranged thereon can be rotated by a certain value relative to the base 11, as a result of which the reference marking 17 is shifted and the second secondary parameter 31 can also be set thereby.

In the Fig. 7 A further and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figures 2 to 6 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to the detailed description in the previous Figures 2 to 6 pointed out or referred.

The variant according to Fig. 7 is similar to the variant Fig. 6 . In this exemplary embodiment, however, the display element 14, in particular the scale markings 16, is printed on the hollow cylinder 33, the hollow cylinder 33 being rotationally coupled to the rotary actuating element 12. The reference mark 17 is located on a reference component 35, which is non-rotatably coupled to the base 11. The individual scale levels 24 can also be marked on the reference component 35.

In the Fig. 8 A further and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figures 2 to 7 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to the detailed description in the previous Figures 2 to 7 pointed out or referred.

In the Fig. 8a the adjustment tower 10 is shown in a side view. In the Fig. 8b the adjustment tower 10 is shown in the associated front view.

In the embodiment according to the Fig. 8 a reading aid 36 is formed, which is arranged directly on the base 11. The reading aid 36 is preferably formed from a transparent material. The reference marking 17 or optionally also the first secondary scale markings 22 are arranged on the reading aid 36.

The reading aid 36 extends over the individual scale levels 24, whereby the reading of all scale levels 24 is simplified.

In the Fig. 9 A further and possibly independent embodiment of the adjustment tower 10 is shown, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figures 2 to 8 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to the detailed description in the previous Figures 2 to 8 pointed out or referred.

In the Fig. 9a the adjustment tower 10 is shown in a side view. In the Fig. 9b the adjustment tower 10 is shown in the associated front view.

The embodiment according to Fig. 9 is similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 8 formed, in this embodiment, the reading aid 36 is not arranged directly on the base 11, but is arranged on a rotating ring 37 which is rotatable relative to the base 11. This allows the second secondary parameter 31 to be set.

To illustrate the scale marking according to the invention, the following example shows how the firing angle affects the correction for a spot shot necessary for different firing ranges. The calculations were carried out using commercially available ballistic software, such as QuickTARGET, under the following assumption: Standard ICAO atmosphere; Spot shot distance: 100m; Height of the line of sight above the barrel: 5cm; 1 click: 1 cm / 100m; Laboration: SAKO .308 WIN 141A Racehead, v0 = 820 m / s, BC = 0.480

On the basis of this data, the necessary correction for different shooting angles, in the following for uphill sections for a spot shot, can be calculated.

The display element 14 could, as in Fig. 10 represented, developed in a settlement.

The correction values in clicks for the above parameters may be necessary as shown in the table, whereby different shot angles are given in the first row of the table and different shot distances are given in the first column of the table: 0 ° 10 ° 20 ° 30 ° 100m 0 0 0 -1 150m 3rd 2nd 2nd 1 200m 6 6 5 4th 250m 10th 10th 9 7 300m 15 14 13 11 350m 20th 19th 18th 16 400m 25th 25th 23 20th 450m 31 30th 28 25th 500m 37 36 34 31

If the spot shot distance is used as the main parameter 18 and the shot angle as the first secondary parameter 20 according to Table 1, then four scale planes 24 result, which the scale markings 16 shown as curved lines in Fig. 10 visualize clearly. The flat development of the cylindrical display element 14 is shown, the numbers, 1 ', 2', ... '5' assigning the distance marks associated with the scale marks 100m, 200m, ... 500m. The dashed lines represent the corresponding intermediate distances 150m, 250m to 450m. The horizontal lines correspond to the secondary parameters 10 °, 20 ° and 30 ° shot angle. On the lowest scale level, the number of clicks is shown in addition to the better understanding, as they correspond to the actual incremental rotation of the tower. In order to correct the main parameter 18 in accordance with the first secondary parameter 20, the shooter follows the scale marking corresponding to the shooting distance along the different scale levels 24 until the scale level 24 corresponds to the current shooting angle and adjusts the rotary actuating element 12 accordingly.

In the Fig. 10 A necessary correction for this is shown for a shot at 450 m at an angle of 30 °, which correspond to the point in reference number 38. Compared this is done with a shot at 450m at an angle of 0 °, which corresponds to the point in reference number 39.

The curvature of the corresponding scale marking 16 thus results in a correction of 6 clicks by which the tower has to be turned back again for a spot shot. Conversely, it can also be seen from this example that, without this correction, a shoot-up of 1cm / 100m / click x 450m x 6 click = 27cm would have resulted, which would no longer be tolerated from a hunting perspective. If the values of the main and secondary parameters to be corrected are not on or in the immediate vicinity of a scale marking 16, the shooter must visually interpolate the values.

Another example is intended to show how the scale marking 16 according to the invention can be applied to the side tower. As is well known among marksmen, a cross wind has a considerable influence on the hit position at the target. Experienced shooters take this into account through experience-based lateral compensation. Less experienced shooters often find it difficult to estimate the necessary correction, since both the distance to the target and the strength of the crosswind have to be taken into account. Assuming the laboratory parameters listed for Table 1, the influence of the cross wind can be calculated using a ballistic program.

The display element 14 could, as in Fig. 11 represented, developed in a settlement.

The correction values in clicks for the above parameters may be necessary as shown in the table, whereby different wind speeds are given in the first row of the table and different shooting distances are given in the first column of the table: 2 m / s 5 m / s 8 m / s 100m 1 2nd 4th 200m 2nd 5 8th 300m 3rd 8th 13 400m 4th 11 18th 500m 6 15 23

In this exemplary embodiment, the spot shot distance corresponds to the main parameter 18 and the cross wind represents the first secondary parameter 20, three scale levels 24 having been taken into account here for the first secondary parameter 20 with three different wind strengths. In this example, the three wind strengths were chosen such that a connection of the correction values for a certain distance results in a straight scale markings 16. Since a cross wind is possible from both sides, that is from the right or from the left to the firing direction, an adjustment via the side tower is usually provided symmetrically about a zero position.

This is in Fig. 11 can be seen since the scale marks 16 are reflected around the zero position. Positive values mean that the rotary actuating element 12 must be rotated counterclockwise in this example, which corresponds to a tilting of the line of sight to the right and is necessary for compensation of cross winds from the right. Negative values correspond exactly to the opposite for compensation of cross winds from the left.

In Fig. 11 is similar to Fig. 10 , The development of the cylindrical display element 14 is shown, the scale marks 16 based on the values from the table above. The numbers, 1 ',, 2', ..., 5 'correspond to the spot shot distances of 100m, 200m, ... 500m belonging to the scale markings 16. The labeling of the three scale levels with, 2 ',, 5' and, 8 'corresponds to a cross wind of 2m / s, 5m / s and 8m / s. The actual click values are shown on the X axis for better understanding.

To compensate for cross winds from the right at 8m / s at a range of 500m - reference number 40 - is as in Fig. 11 can be seen, a rotation of the rotary actuating element 12 of 23 clicks counter-clockwise is necessary.

In the event of a cross wind from the left at 5 m / s with a firing distance of 350 m - reference number 41 - a rotation of the rotary actuating element 12 of -8 clicks, that is to say clockwise, is necessary.

On the basis of these values, it can also be easily calculated that without a corresponding lateral correction, the target is 1cm / 100m / click x in a wind of 8m / s and 500m shooting range 500m x 23 click = 115cm or at 5m / s and 350m by 1cm / 100m / click x 350m x 8 click = 28cm would have been missed.

How particularly well from the Figures 10 and 11 As can be seen, it is conceivable for all exemplary embodiments that the scale markings 16 or their spacing from one another does not correspond to the clicks, therefore the resolution of the adjustment possibility of the rotary actuating element 12, but that predefined values are already represented in the scale markings 16. Resolution of the clicks of the rotary actuating element 12 can therefore be specified in a separate label, which can be different from the main parameter label 19.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, elements have been partially shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, elements have been partially shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced. <b> List of reference symbols </b> 1 Rifle scope 30th second sub scale inscription 2nd outer housing 31 second secondary parameter 3rd lens 32 Auxiliary line 4th eyepiece 33 Hollow cylinder 5 Reversal system 34 Display cylinder 6 Inner housing 35 Reference component 7 camp 36 Reading aid 8th Adjustment unit 37 Rotating ring 9 Line of sight 38 450m - 30 ° 10th Adjustment tower 39 450m - 0 ° 11 Base 40 500m - 8m / s 12 Rotary actuator 41 350m - 5m / s 13 Axis of rotation 14 Display element 15 scale 16 Scale marking 17th Reference mark 18th Main parameters 19th Main parameter labeling 20th first secondary parameter 21st first sub-scale 22 first sub scale marking 23 first sub scale inscription 24th Scale level 25th Difference angle 26 Relative angle between two adjacent scale marks 27th Flu area 28 second sub-scale 29 second sub scale marking

Claims (21)

1. An adjusting element (10) for adjusting a line of sight (9) of an optical sighting device, in particular of a rifle scope (1), comprising:

   a base (11),

   a rotary actuating element (12), that can be rotated about an axis of rotation (13) relative to the base (11),

   an indicator element (14) that can be rotated about the axis of rotation (13) relative to the base (11) and, along its circumference, has at least one scale (15) that is visible from the outside and has multiple scale markings (16), which are to be read off in reference to a reference marking (17), wherein the indicator element (14) is coupled to the rotary actuating element (12) and the reference marking (17) is coupled to the base (11) and

   the indicator element (14) serves for indicating the current settings of the rotary actuating element (12), wherein the individual scale markings (16) of the scale (15) of the indicator element (14) represent values of a main parameter (18), wherein in order to take into consideration a first ancillary parameter (20) at least two scale levels (24) are formed, which are arranged on the indicator element (14) so as to be axially spaced from one another, wherein the scale markings (16) of the individual scale levels (24) that represent the same value of the main parameter (18) are displaced from one another by a difference angle (25) and the main parameter (18) can be corrected according to the first ancillary parameter (20) by means of the individual scale levels (24), characterized in that the scale markings (16) are designed as arcuate curves, which extend beyond the individual scale levels (24), wherein the arcuate curves, which extend beyond the individual scale levels (24), connect the individual point values to one another.
2. The adjusting element according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator element (14) is arranged directly on the rotary actuating element (12).
3. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ancillary parameters (20) and the main parameters (18) represent different parameters.
4. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the scale markings (16) are designed as continuous lines.
5. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative angle (26) between two scale markings (16) of a first scale level (24) is different from a relative angle (26) between two scale markings (16) of a second scale level (24).
6. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that axially parallel auxiliary lines (32), which extend at least some of the scale markings (16) from the different scale levels (24) towards the reference marking (17), are arranged on the indicator element (14).
7. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual scale levels (24) are characterized by circumferentially running ancillary scale markings (22) that are axially spaced from one another.
8. The adjusting element according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the scale markings (16) and the axially parallel auxiliary lines (32) and/or the ancillary scale markings (22) have different colors and/or different line thicknesses.
9. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reference marking (17) has a second ancillary scale (28) and thus a second ancillary parameter (31) can be set, wherein the second ancillary scale (28) of the reference marking (17) serves for zero offset based on the second ancillary parameter (31).
10. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resolution of the first ancillary parameter (20) is chosen such that the difference angle (25) between two scale markings (16) from adjacent scale levels (24), which scale markings (16) represent the same value of the main parameter (18), is the same size or larger by an integer multiple than the relative angle (26) of the scale marking (16) of the main parameter (18).
11. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a transparent reading aid (36) is formed, which is coupled to the base (11) and extends outside the indicator element (14) beyond the individual scale levels (24) of the indicator element (14), wherein the reference marking (17) is designed in the form of a axially parallel line applied to the reading aid (36).
12. The adjusting element according to claim 11, characterized in that the ancillary scale markings (22) of the individual scale levels (24) are formed on the reading aid (36).
13. The adjusting element according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the reading aid (36) is arranged on a swivel (37), which can be rotated relative to the base (11), thus allowing for the second ancillary parameter (31) to be set.
14. The adjusting element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the indicator element (14) is formed of an at least partially transparent material on which the individual scale markings (18, 20) are applied and that the reference marking (17) is provided in the form of an axially parallel line which is arranged behind the indicator element (14) and extends beyond the individual scale levels (24) of the indicator element (14).
15. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator element (14) is exchangeable and different indicator elements (14) with differently designed scale levels (24) can be mounted on the adjusting element (10).
16. The adjusting element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an at least partially transparent hollow cylinder (33) is formed, on which the reference marking (17) is formed, wherein the hollow cylinder (33) is coupled to the base (11) and cannot be rotated relative to it, and that an indicator cylinder (34), on which the indicator element (14) is arranged, being located within the hollow cylinder (33) is rotationally coupled to the rotary actuating element (12), wherein the indicator element (14) of the indicator cylinder (34) can be read off together with the reference marking (17) of the hollow cylinder (33).
17. The adjusting element according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that an at least partially transparent hollow cylinder (33) is formed, on which the indicator element (14) is formed, wherein the hollow cylinder (33) is rotationally coupled to the rotary actuating element (12), and that a reference component (35), on which the reference marking (17) is arranged, is arranged within the hollow cylinder (33), wherein the reference component (35) is coupled to the base (11).
18. A rifle scope (1) having at least one adjusting element (10) for adjusting the line of sight by adjustment of at least one optical component within the rifle scope (1), characterized in that the adjusting element (10) is designed according to one of the preceding claims.
19. A weapon having a barrel, a stock and a rifle scope (1) arranged on the barrel or stock, characterized in that the rifle scope (1) is designed according to claim 18.
20. The weapon according to claim 19, characterized in that the difference angle (25) between the individual scale levels (24) and/or the relative angle (26) between two scale markings (16) of a scale level (24) is selected in accordance with the standard sighting-in conditions typical for the rifle.
21. A method for adjusting a line of sight of an optical sighting device, in particular a rifle scope (1), by means of an adjusting element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the method comprises the following method steps:

    - identification of the current shooting conditions deviating from the sighting-in conditions, in particular the shooting distance;

    - determination of a required correction value for a main parameter (18), in particular by reading off from a table or a diagram or directly from an indicator element (14);

    - rotation of the rotary actuating element (12) relative to the base (11) to set a specific value of the main parameter (18) required for correction, wherein the current setting of the rotary actuating element (12) can be read off using the indicator element (14);

    - identification of the ancillary parameter (20) applicable under the current shooting conditions;

    - determination of a required correction value of the main parameter (18) according to the first ancillary parameter (20) by reading off the correction value from the indicator element (14);

    - adjustment of the rotation angle setting of the rotary actuating element (12) to correct the main parameter (18) according to the first ancillary parameter (20).

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