EP3363069A1 - Joint tournant hyperfréquence - Google Patents
Joint tournant hyperfréquenceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3363069A1 EP3363069A1 EP16785405.8A EP16785405A EP3363069A1 EP 3363069 A1 EP3363069 A1 EP 3363069A1 EP 16785405 A EP16785405 A EP 16785405A EP 3363069 A1 EP3363069 A1 EP 3363069A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- rotary joint
- microwave
- angle
- deflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
- H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
- H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
- H01P1/067—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in only one line located on the axis of rotation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3604—Rotary joints allowing relative rotational movement between opposing fibre or fibre bundle ends
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/23—Combinations of reflecting surfaces with refracting or diffracting devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microwave rotary joint.
- the present invention also relates to an aircraft comprising such a seal
- one or more radio frequency signals are transmitted between a fixed part and a moving part. It is therefore desirable to have a system allowing such transmission.
- micro-cuts interrupting the transmission of signals.
- the occurrence of micro-cuts is a phenomenon difficult to predict so that the duration and / or the number of micro-cuts per second are not known before the implementation of the complete system comprising the wafers and brushes.
- the rotating joint is subject to more regular maintenance, which results in a more delicate implementation.
- additional brushes are added in parallel to statistically reduce the micro-cuts. The addition of such brushes makes the rotary joint even more bulky.
- a microwave rotary joint comprising a fixed part and a moving part, the mobile part comprising a Dove microwave prism comprising a first deflector adapted to deflect an incident beam with a first angle to obtain a first deflected beam, a metallic reflector plane capable of reflecting the first deflected beam to obtain a reflected beam, and a second deflector adapted to deflect the reflected beam at a second angle to obtain a second deflected beam, the first angle and the second angle being opposite.
- the microwave rotary joint comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
- the first deflector and the second deflector are identical.
- the first angle and the second angle are equal to 45 °.
- At least one of the first deflector and the second deflector comprises a first microwave component, a first central axis being definable for the first component, the first component extending between two first ends and having a first index varying between the two. first ends, a second microwave component, a second central axis that can be defined for the second component, the first central axis and the second central axis coinciding, the second component extending between two second ends and having a second index varying between two second ends, at least one of the two components being rotatable to angularly position the first component and the second component relative to each other along the first central axis to define an angular positioning between the two components, the two components being configured to produce a deflection of one incident beam, the deflection being of varying amplitude depending on the angular positioning between the two components.
- each component comprises a structure having an effective index variation resulting in a variation of the index of the component.
- each component is made of a material chosen so that the refractive index of the material varies in one direction.
- At least one of the components has a shape selected from the group consisting of a disc of constant thickness, a disc having a sawtooth surface, and a disc having holes.
- the rotary joint further comprises an inlet injector adapted to inject a beam incident on the first deflector and an output extractor clean to harvest the second deflected beam.
- the inlet injector and the output extractor are each a set of an antenna and a lens.
- the present description also describes an aircraft comprising a microwave rotary joint as previously described.
- FIG. 1 a diagram of an aircraft comprising a rotary joint
- FIG. 2 a diagram of the rotary joint of FIG. 1 comprising a Dove prism
- FIG. 3 a diagram of the Dove prism of FIG. 3,
- FIG. 4 a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an element of the Dove prism of FIG. 4, and
- FIG. 10 An aircraft 10 is shown in FIG.
- An aircraft is a vehicle capable of evolving within the Earth's atmosphere.
- An airplane or a helicopter are particular examples of aircraft.
- the aircraft 10 is an airplane.
- the aircraft 10 comprises a microwave system 12.
- microwave system a system capable of interacting with microwave waves.
- a frequency is considered to belong to the microwave domain when the frequency is between 300 MHz (MegaHertz) and 300 GHz.
- the typical wavelength associated is between 1 mm (millimeter) and 1 m (meter).
- each element of the microwave system 12 is adapted to interact with microwave waves, which induces specific sizes of the elements considered.
- the microwave system 12 is a rotary joint 12.
- the rotary joint 12 has a fixed part 14 and a rotating part 16.
- the fixed part 14 comprises an inlet injector 17.
- the inlet injector 17 comprises, according to the example of FIG. 2, an input antenna 18 and an input lens 20.
- the moving part 16 comprises a Dove prism 22 and an output extractor 23.
- the output extractor 25 comprises, according to the example of FIG. 2, an output lens 24 and an output antenna 26.
- a Dove prism is a type of non-dispersive reflective prism.
- the Dove prism 22 comprises a first deflector 28, a second deflector 30 and a metal reflector plane 32.
- the fixed part 14 is also called stator while the rotating part 16 is also called rotor 16. There is defined a direction of rotation for the rotating part 16.
- the rotating part 16 rotates around the direction of rotation. The direction of rotation is symbolized by the Z axis in FIG.
- transverse direction X is perpendicular to the direction of rotation and contained in the plane of the sheet.
- the inlet injector 17 is able to inject an incident beam on the first deflector 28.
- the input antenna 18 is capable of emitting waves.
- the set of transmitted waves forms a beam called input beam.
- the input lens 20 is adapted to convert the input beam into a collimated beam.
- the beam obtained is a beam having a smaller divergence than the input beam.
- the input antenna 18 is, for example, positioned at the focus of the input lens 20.
- the collimated beam that the input lens 20 makes it possible to obtain is a beam incident on the first deflector 28.
- the first deflector 28 is adapted to deflect an incident beam with a first angle to obtain a first deflected beam.
- the first angle is noted ⁇ 1.
- the first angle ⁇ 1 is equal to 45 °.
- the first deflector 28 is feasible in different ways.
- the first deflector 28 comprises two microwave components 34 and 36.
- the first component 34 extends between two first ends 341 and 342 and has a first index varying between the first two ends 341 and 342.
- the first index is a refractive index of the first component 34.
- a first central axis is defined.
- the first central axis is in the direction of rotation Z.
- the second component 36 extends between two second ends 361 and 362 and has a second index varying between the two second ends 361 and 362.
- the second index is a refractive index of the first component 34.
- a second central axis is defined. The first central axis and the second central axis coincide so that, according to the example described, the second central axis is in the Z direction.
- One of the two components for example the first component 34, is rotatable around the first central axis Z.
- the first component 34 is rotatable to angularly position the first component 34 and the second component 36 relative to each other along the first central axis Z.
- angular positioning between the two components 34 and 36 is defined.
- An orientation of the components 34 and 36 relative to each other in a plane perpendicular to the first central axis Z is an example of angular positioning.
- the two components 34 and 36 are rotatable to angularly position the first component 34 and the second component 36 relative to each other along the first central axis Z.
- Both components 34 and 36 are configured to produce a deflection of an incident beam.
- the deflection is of a varying amplitude depending on the angular positioning between the two components 34 and 36.
- each component 34 and 36 is made of a material chosen so that the refractive index of the material varies in one direction.
- the refractive indices vary according to the transverse direction X.
- each component 34 and 36 has a constant thickness.
- the thickness of each component 34 and 36 is noted e34 and e36 in FIG. 4.
- the thickness is measured along the direction of rotation Z.
- each component 34 and 36 is in the form of a disk.
- the reflective plane 32 is adapted to reflect the first deflected beam to obtain a reflected beam.
- the reflective plane 32 is a metal plane.
- the second deflector 30 is adapted to deflect the reflected beam at a second angle to obtain a second deflected beam.
- the second angle is noted ⁇ 2.
- the first angle ⁇ 1 and the second angle ⁇ 2 are opposite.
- the output lens 24 is adapted to convert a collimated output beam into a convergent beam.
- the output antenna 26 is adapted to collect the convergent beam.
- the input antenna 18 emits a microwave beam.
- the input lens 20 converts the input beam into a first beam F1.
- the first beam F1 is a collimated beam.
- the first beam F1 is an incident beam for the first deflector 28.
- the first deflector 28 deflects the first beam F1 at the first angle ⁇ 1 to obtain a second beam F2.
- the reflective plane 32 reflects the second beam F2 to obtain a third beam F3.
- the second deflector 30 deflects the third beam F3 at the second angle ⁇ 2 to obtain a fourth beam F4.
- the fourth beam F4 and the first beam F1 have the same direction.
- Such a rotary joint 12 thus makes it possible to transmit a microwave beam with a fixed part and a mobile part.
- the rotary joint 12 is also adapted to transmit several microwave beams.
- This component is a Dove prism, which is a right angle prism truncated for convenience.
- the incident ray penetrates with an incidence at 45 °, then is totally reflected on the face opposite to the edge of the right angle because of the inclination of the beam and the index of the media according to Snell-Descartes law. .
- the beam emerges parallel to the incident ray returning the symmetrical image with respect to the plane of reflection, the principle of this prism is presented below.
- the operating principle of a multi-channel optical rotary joint is based on the use of a Dove prism and several separate optical fibers at the entrance and exit.
- the optical beams at the output of the different optical fibers are collimated so that their propagation is slightly divergent, thus ensuring the transmission of the signal from the input optical fiber to its optical output fiber.
- the Dove prism When used in a rotary joint, the Dove prism is driven at a rotation speed 2 times less than that of the moving part.
- the rotary joint 12 is easy to implement since only the three components of the Dove prism 22 are involved, namely two deflectors 28 and 30 and a reflective plane 32.
- Such a rotary joint 12 thus makes it possible to transmit several signals in parallel, by using antennas and waveguides for each of the signals.
- the rotary joint 12 is adapted to transmit signals of different kinds.
- the rotary joint 12 is able to transmit signals of which at least one of the power and the frequency differs.
- Analog signals and digital signals are transmitted by the rotary joint 12.
- the rotary joint 12 is capable of transmitting signals of the wifi type.
- the rotary joint 12 has a small footprint.
- Such a rotating joint 12 avoids the presence of electrical contacts between the inputs and outputs, which avoids their wear. Otherwise formulated, the absence of electrical contact between the fixed part and the movable part avoids the wear of the brushes.
- the rotary joint 12 also provides a phase stability of the different signals. Indeed, neither the inputs nor the outputs are mechanically solicited.
- FIG. 12 Another embodiment of the rotary joint 12 is shown in FIG.
- the two components 34 and 36 are disc-shaped having a sawtooth surface.
- baffles 28 and 30 behave as Fresnel lenses.
- each component 34 and 36 comprises a structure having an effective index variation resulting in a variation of the index of the component.
- the two components 34 and 36 are disk-shaped having a sawtooth surface.
- the deflectors 28 and 30 are misalignment devices in accordance with the patent application number of publication FR 2 945 674.
- the embodiments of misalignment devices described in the patent application number publication FR 2 945 674 published November 19, 2010 are included in this application by reference.
- the deflectors 28 and 30 are configurable hyperfrequency deflection systems in accordance with the patent application number FR 3 002 697.
- the embodiments of configurable hyperfrequency deflection systems described in the patent application number publication FR 3,002,697 published August 29, 2014 are included in this application by reference.
- the rotary joint 12 solves the problem of the number of channels by using a new component which is the prism of Dove 22.
- the Dove prism 22 is an assembly of three elements that are the two deflectors 28 and 30 and the reflective plane 32.
- the prism of Dove 22 is a microwave component for which the first angle ⁇ 1 and the second angle ⁇ 2 are opposite.
- the absolute value of the two angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is a priori arbitrary.
- the choice of one value or another is mainly related to considerations of compactness of the Dove prism.
- a first angle ⁇ 1 of 45 ° is a compromise of particular interest.
- Such a Dove prism 22 is advantageously employed in a microwave system for which one or more radiofrequency signals must be transmitted between a fixed part and a mobile part.
- the Dove prism 22 is used in a microwave system for which one or more radiofrequency signals must be transmitted between a fixed part and a moving part without electrical contact.
- the Dove prism 22 is also used in a microwave system for which one or more radiofrequency signals must be transmitted between a fixed part and a mobile part a high signal quality transmitted.
- the prism of Dove 22 also advantageously makes it possible to transmit between a fixed part and a mobile part signals with several non-identical frequencies.
- Dove prism 22 has advantages in the context of a radiofrequency rotary joint.
- the prism of Dove 22 also applies to the case of rotating radar.
- the prism of Dove 22 is also interesting for rotating antenna devices.
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1502181A FR3042652B1 (fr) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Joint tournant hyperfrequence |
PCT/EP2016/074771 WO2017064282A1 (fr) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | Joint tournant hyperfréquence |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3363069A1 true EP3363069A1 (fr) | 2018-08-22 |
Family
ID=55862814
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16785405.8A Withdrawn EP3363069A1 (fr) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | Joint tournant hyperfréquence |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3363069A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3042652B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017064282A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IL95301A0 (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1991-06-30 | Electro Optics Ind Ltd | Novelty prism |
US5721585A (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 1998-02-24 | Keast; Jeffrey D. | Digital video panoramic image capture and display system |
US6608596B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-08-19 | The Boeing Company | Microwave reflector antenna |
FR2945674B1 (fr) * | 2009-05-15 | 2012-05-25 | Thales Sa | Dispositif de depointage du faisceau d'une antenne a balayage de faisceau utilisant le dispositif |
US8786385B1 (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2014-07-22 | Curtis D Lorenc | Rotary joint for radio frequency electromagnetic waves and light waves |
FR3002697B1 (fr) | 2013-02-22 | 2015-03-06 | Thales Sa | Systeme de deflexion configurable hyperfrequence |
-
2015
- 2015-10-16 FR FR1502181A patent/FR3042652B1/fr active Active
-
2016
- 2016-10-14 EP EP16785405.8A patent/EP3363069A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-10-14 WO PCT/EP2016/074771 patent/WO2017064282A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017064282A1 (fr) | 2017-04-20 |
FR3042652A1 (fr) | 2017-04-21 |
FR3042652B1 (fr) | 2018-10-26 |
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