EP3362419A1 - Aluminiumnitridwerkstoffe für anwendungen im metallguss - Google Patents

Aluminiumnitridwerkstoffe für anwendungen im metallguss

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Publication number
EP3362419A1
EP3362419A1 EP16781435.9A EP16781435A EP3362419A1 EP 3362419 A1 EP3362419 A1 EP 3362419A1 EP 16781435 A EP16781435 A EP 16781435A EP 3362419 A1 EP3362419 A1 EP 3362419A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
applications
metal casting
aluminum nitride
metal
nitride materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16781435.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hermann Kaiser
Dr. Barbara SCHWANDNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramtec GmbH
Original Assignee
Ceramtec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramtec GmbH filed Critical Ceramtec GmbH
Publication of EP3362419A1 publication Critical patent/EP3362419A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/581—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on aluminium nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3229—Cerium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3409—Boron oxide, borates, boric acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. borax
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C04B2235/386—Boron nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C04B2235/3865—Aluminium nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
    • C04B2235/9676—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts against molten metals such as steel or aluminium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material based on aluminum nitride, which can be used for applications in metal casting.
  • the invention relates to components made of aluminum nitride materials which come into contact with molten metal during melting, alloying or transport.
  • oxygen-containing ceramics or refractory concretes are nowadays used in the field of light metal casting for aluminum melts and, for magnesium melts, predominantly ferrous materials for components which come into contact with molten metal during melting, alloying or transport. Oxide or oxygen containing materials are less suitable because of the high affinity of magnesium for oxygen. Therefore, iron materials are used here, but over time this leads to contamination of the melt with iron. In general, metal casting often has the problem that both metallic and ceramic materials are not durable enough and lead to contamination of the melt over time. With increasing demands on metallic materials in the automotive, aerospace and aerospace sectors, problems arise with the cast parts.
  • the object of the invention was to provide a material which eliminates the aforementioned problems.
  • the invention had the object of providing a component which is more durable and leads to less contamination of the melt.
  • the underlying object of the present invention is achieved according to claim 1 by providing an aluminum nitride material for use in metal casting.
  • the material preferably comprises aluminum nitride (AIN).
  • the aluminum nitride ceramics (AIN) used according to the invention are preferably materials with very high thermal conductivity with very good electrical insulation properties and a bending strength of at least 200 MPa.
  • the AIN material may contain up to 20% further oxidic or nitridic constituents, in particular oxides and / or nitrides of aluminum, boron, calcium, cerium, yttrium.
  • the thermal conductivity of the aluminum nitride material according to the invention is preferably greater than 100 W / mK -1 .
  • the aluminum nitride d material of the present invention has a high hardness of at least HV 1 0> 10 GPA and a high abrasion resistance.
  • the Aluminiumnithd material of the respective metal melts should not or only be wetted in a small way.
  • the aluminum nitride material must have high chemical resistance to the molten metal.
  • a high thermal resistance of the material is advantageous, especially in oxygen-free atmospheres.
  • the material should preferably be gas-tight, so that it can be used in protective gas or vacuum applications.
  • the material is used for components that come into contact with liquid metal during melting, alloying or transport.
  • the component is preferably selected from the group consisting of molds, crucibles, tubes, nozzles
  • the material is particularly suitable because of its electrical insulation properties for crucibles in induction-heated furnaces. In addition, due to its very high thermal conductivity, the material is also suitable for heating pipes, thermocouple protection pipes, heat exchangers, crucibles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Werkstoff auf Basis von Aluminiumnitrid, der für Anwendungen im Metallguss verwendet werden kann. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist der Gegenstand der Erfindung ein Bauteil aus Alumniumnitridwerkstoffen, die beim Aufschmelzen, Legieren oder Transport mit flüssigem Metall in Berührung kommen.

Description

Aluminiumnitridwerkstoffe für Anwendungen im Metallguss
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Werkstoff auf Basis von Aluminiumnitrid, der für Anwendungen im Metallguss verwendet werden kann. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung in einer weiteren Ausführungsform Bauteile aus Alumniumnitridwerkstoffen, die beim Aufschmelzen, Legieren oder Transport mit flüssigem Metall in Berührung kommen.
Im Metallguss werden heutzutage im Bereich des Leichtmetallgusses für Aluminiumschmelzen sauerstoffhaltige Keramiken oder Feuerfestbetone und für Magnesiumschmelzen vorwiegend Eisenwerkstoffe für Bauteile, die beim Aufschmelzen, Legieren oder Transport mit flüssigem Metall in Berührung kommen eingesetzt. Oxidische oder sauerstoffhaltige Werkstoffe sind wegen der hohen Affinität von Magnesium zu Sauerstoff weniger geeignet. Deshalb werden hier Eisenwerkstoffe eingesetzt, was aber über die Zeit zu einer Verunreinigung der Schmelze mit Eisen führt. Allgemein ergibt sich beim Metallguss häufig das Problem, dass sowohl metallische als auch keramische Werkstoffe nicht beständig genug sind und über die Zeit zu Verunreinigungen der Schmelze führt. Bei steigenden Ansprüchen an metallische Werkstoffe in den Bereichen Automotive, Luft- und Raumfahrt ergeben sich durch die Verunreinigungen Probleme mit den gegossenen Teilen.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung bestand darin einen Werkstoff bereitzustellen, der die vorgenannten Probleme beseitigt. Zudem lag der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bauteil bereitzustellen, das beständiger ist und zu weniger Verunreinigungen der Schmelze führt.
Die zugrundeliegende Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung wird gemäß Anspruch 1 durch die Bereitstellung eines Alumniumnitridwerkstoffes für Anwendungen im Metallguss gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Der Werkstoff umfasst bevorzugt Aluminiumnitrid (AIN). Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Aluminiumnitrid-Keramiken (AIN) sind vorzugsweise Werkstoffe mit sehr hoher thermischer Leitfähigkeit bei sehr guten elektrischen Isolationseigenschaften und einer Biegefestigkeit von mindestens 200 MPa.
Der AIN-Werkstoff kann bis zu 20% weitere oxidische oder nitridische Bestandteile enthalten, insbesondere Oxide und/oder Nitride von Aluminium, Bor, Calcium, Cer, Yttrium.
Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumnitrid-Werkstoffes ist bevorzugt größer als 100 W/mK"1.
In bevorzugter Weise weist der Aluminiumnit d-Werkstoff der vorliegenden Erfindung eine hohe Härte von mindestens HV10 > 10 GPA und eine hohe Abriebsfestigkeit auf.
Um ein Anhaften des metallischen Werkstoffes beim Gießen möglichst zu vermeiden, ist das Benetzungsverhalten des Aluminiumnitrid-Werkstoffs wichtig. Deshalb sollte der Aluminiumnithd-Werkstoff von den jeweiligen Metallschmelzen gar nicht oder nur in geringer Weise benetzt werden. Außerdem muss der Aluminiumnitrid-Werkstoff eine hohe chemische Beständigkeit gegenüber der Metallschmelze aufweisen. Auch eine hohe thermische Beständigkeit des Werkstoffs ist von Vorteil, insbesondere in sauerstofffreien Atmosphären. Dabei sollte der Werkstoff vorzugsweise gasdicht sein, damit eine Verwendung in Schutzgas- oder Vakuumanwendungen möglich ist. Insbesondere wird der Werkstoff für Bauteile eingesetzt, die beim Aufschmelzen, Legieren oder Transport mit flüssigem Metall in Berührung kommen. Das Bauteil ist bevorzugt ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Gussformen, Tiegel, Rohre, Düsen
Darüber hinaus ist der Werkstoff insbesondere aufgrund seiner elektrischen Isolationseigenschaften für Schmelztiegel in induktionsbeheizten Öfen geeignet. Außerdem ist der Werkstoff aufgrund seiner sehr hohen thermischen Leitfähigkeit auch für Heizrohre, Thermoelementschutzrohre, Wärmetauscher, Schmelztiegel geeignet.
Korrosionstests in Metallschmelzen haben gezeigt, dass der Werkstoff im Vergleich zu den bisher eingesetzten metallischen oder keramischen Werkstoffen deutlich beständiger ist. Insbesondere in Magnesiumschmelzen zeigte sich allen anderen getesteten Materialien deutlich überlegen.

Claims

Patentansprüche
1 . Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff Aluminiumnitrid-Keramik umfasst.
2. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 1 , wobei der Werkstoff eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von größer 100 W/mK"1 aufweist.
3. Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff eine hohe chemische Beständigkeit gegenüber Metallschmelzen aufweist..
4. Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff eine hohe thermische Beständigkeit, insbesondere in sauerstofffreien bzw. sauerstoffarmen Atmosphären, aufweist.
5. Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff eine Biegefestigkeit von mindestens 200 MPa aufweist.
6. Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff eine hohe Härte von HV10 > 10 GPa und eine gute Abriebfestigkeit aufweist.
7. Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff von Metallschmelzen nicht oder nur gering benetzt wird.
8. Werkstoff für Anwendungen im Metallguss, wobei der Werkstoff gasdicht ist und deshalb für Schutzgas- und Vakuumanwendungen geeignet ist.
EP16781435.9A 2015-10-13 2016-10-13 Aluminiumnitridwerkstoffe für anwendungen im metallguss Withdrawn EP3362419A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015219795 2015-10-13
PCT/EP2016/074571 WO2017064178A1 (de) 2015-10-13 2016-10-13 Aluminiumnitridwerkstoffe für anwendungen im metallguss

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EP3362419A1 true EP3362419A1 (de) 2018-08-22

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Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP3362419A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102016219933A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2017064178A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11255562A (ja) * 1998-03-10 1999-09-21 Nkk Corp ＡｌＮ−ＢＮ系耐火物
TWI243158B (en) * 2000-12-21 2005-11-11 Ngk Insulators Ltd Aluminum nitride sintered bodies
JP2002220282A (ja) * 2001-01-24 2002-08-09 Tokuyama Corp 窒化アルミニウム焼結体とその製造方法

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