EP3347585B1 - Cooling of a piston by means of sodium-filled tubes - Google Patents

Cooling of a piston by means of sodium-filled tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3347585B1
EP3347585B1 EP16766898.7A EP16766898A EP3347585B1 EP 3347585 B1 EP3347585 B1 EP 3347585B1 EP 16766898 A EP16766898 A EP 16766898A EP 3347585 B1 EP3347585 B1 EP 3347585B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
coolant
space
coolant container
container
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EP16766898.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3347585A1 (en
Inventor
Ralf STIER
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KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
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KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/18—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/105—Salt cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P9/00—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00
    • F01P2009/005—Cooling with melting solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
    • F01P3/10—Cooling by flow of coolant through pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston and a method for producing such a piston according to the features of the respective preambles of the two independent claims.
  • Pistons are known from the DE2751156 A1 and the DE726685 C .
  • a piston of an internal combustion engine which has an upper part with an annular zone, a piston skirt adjoining the upper part and at least one space, here elongated bores, in which a coolant, here an alkali metal, is filled.
  • a coolant here an alkali metal
  • the spaces are filled with the coolant immediately and closed after filling.
  • the closure takes place here by means of a ball that is pressed into the filling opening.
  • An alkali metal in particular sodium, is used as the coolant.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of avoiding the disadvantages described at the outset and of providing a piston and a method for producing such a piston with which the filling of the space with a cooling medium is made simpler.
  • the coolant is filled into a coolant container and the coolant container is inserted into the at least one space in the piston.
  • This has the advantage that a coolant container is first provided and filled with the suitable coolant. This happens independently of the manufacture of the piston itself. After the coolant container filled and closed with the coolant has been produced and made available, it can be inserted into the space provided in the piston. This considerably simplifies the production of the piston itself, since there is no longer any need to work with the coolant itself. This is provided in a gastight manner in the coolant container, which can be handled without any problems. This handling is done manually, but can also be automated.
  • the space is or will be closed with a closure means after the coolant container has been inserted.
  • This closure element can be the known ball, but any other separate closure means can also be used and brought into operative connection with the filling opening of the space in order to close this space with the coolant container located therein. If a closure means is used, it is conceivable that the coolant container is arranged in the space in a form-fitting manner and it can therefore no longer move relative to the piston.
  • the coolant container still has a certain amount of play in the room after the room has been closed and movement is therefore possible.
  • the stationary arrangement has the advantage that heat can be better transferred to the coolant and can be dissipated in areas that are significantly less stressed in terms of temperature.
  • Moving the coolant container in the room has the same advantage because, due to the up and down movement of the piston in operation in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, it can also absorb heat at highly stressed areas and release it to less stressed areas when it is in the room emotional.
  • the coolant container is fixed in its position there after being inserted into the space. This can be done, for example, by pressing in, gluing or other suitable measures which have the effect that the coolant container is permanently fixed in its position after being inserted into the associated space in the piston.
  • this has the advantage that, as already described above, there is also good heat transfer and thus heat dissipation from the temperature-wise high load to the temperature-wise less stressed area.
  • this insert opening is preferably provided in the inner region of the piston, which is no longer processed. If the insertion opening is in the outer area of the piston, for example in the area above, below or within the ring field or the shaft area, a separate closure means can be used, which is reworked after the insertion and closure.
  • a separate closure means can be used, which is reworked after the insertion and closure.
  • the coolant container is elongated and cylindrical, e.g. as a tube.
  • This has the advantage that, due to this elongated extension of the coolant container, one end is arranged in an area subject to high temperature loads and the other end is arranged in an area subject to less temperature exposure.
  • the coolant in the coolant container absorbs the heat in the highly stressed areas and dissipates it in the direction of the less stressed areas.
  • This heat transport can take place continuously, especially when the coolant container is completely filled with the coolant.
  • a discontinuous heat transport is also conceivable, especially when the coolant container is not completely filled with the coolant and this can move back and forth between the two ends of the coolant container.
  • the space for accommodating the coolant container is either introduced into the piston when the piston is manufactured (e.g. by casting the piston with lost cores which are flushed out and then form the space for accommodating the coolant container) or space after manufacture of the piston is introduced, for example by drilling or the like.
  • the coolant container is cast into the piston.
  • the separately manufactured and closed coolant container filled with coolant is provided and inserted into a casting mold of the piston. This insertion takes place in a comparative manner to the insertion of a lost core, for example to produce cooling cavities (for example, annular cooling channels) in a casting tool of the piston.
  • the at least one coolant container can be attached to a quill of the casting tool. After the casting tool has been closed, it is filled with casting melt, which surrounds the at least one coolant container (and possibly other lost cores), so that after the casting melt has solidified, the coolant container is arranged at its intended location within the piston and can take up its function .
  • a one-piece piston 1, which has an upper part 2, is shown by way of example with the reference number 1.
  • a piston skirt 3 adjoins the upper part 2, with the two opposite sections of the piston skirt 3 being connected in this type of piston via connecting walls 4 in which a pin bore 5 is also arranged.
  • the pin bores 5 for receiving the ends of a piston pin can be present, but do not have to be.
  • the ends of the piston pin can also be arranged on the underside of the upper part 2 in a different manner.
  • the upper part 2 has, in a manner known per se, an annular zone 6, with a central area ( Figure 1 ) is designated.
  • combustion bowl 8 in the upper part 2 of the piston 1, a combustion bowl 8, as well as a ring-shaped circumferential cooling channel 9, can be present.
  • combustion bowl 8 and / or cooling duct 9 may or may not be present.
  • Figure 1 10 shows a closure of openings 11 of spaces 12 located inside the piston 1.
  • the at least one space 12, here several spaces 12, are arranged in the piston 1, ie within its solid material. While in Figure 1 it is assumed that the openings 11 of the spaces 12 are accessible from the central region 7 (inner region of the piston 1) is shown in FIG Figure 2 shown that the openings 11 of the spaces 12 of are accessible from the outside of the piston 1 (for example from the connecting wall 4 or the piston skirt 3).
  • the spaces 12 are inserted into the piston body in the required number after the piston 1 has been manufactured (more precisely a piston blank) or already during manufacture. Solid material). As already described, it can be introduced through lost cores that are flushed out. Instead, after the production of the piston blank, the respective space 12 can be carried out by suitable methods, such as, for. B. drilling, milling or the like can be introduced. This is shown, for example, on the basis of the piston Figure 2 It can be seen where the spaces 12 are arranged obliquely in the piston 1 and are aligned in the direction of the central region 7.
  • the spaces 12 and accordingly also the coolant containers 13 are designed to be elongated and cylindrical.
  • This elongated and cylindrical configuration allows the coolant container 13 to be produced in a simple manner by using pipe material which, for example, is closed at one end and then the coolant is filled and then the other end is again closed in a gastight manner.
  • this elongated design has the advantage that the piston 1, if at all is only slightly weakened in its strength when the spaces 12 are introduced.
  • Another advantage is that, due to the elongated extension of the coolant container 12, very good heat transport can take place from the areas exposed to high temperatures (in the exemplary embodiment, for example, the inner dome of the combustion bowl 8) in the direction of areas which are less exposed to temperature.
  • Any suitable coolant can be used to fill the coolant container 12 and to transport heat.
  • Alkali metals, such as sodium, for example, are particularly advantageous, since they have very good heat transport in the working temperature range of the piston 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Kolbens gemäß den Merkmalen der jeweiligen Oberbegriffe der beiden unabhängigen Patentansprüche.The invention relates to a piston and a method for producing such a piston according to the features of the respective preambles of the two independent claims.

Kolben sind bekannt aus der DE2751156 A1 und der DE726685 C .Pistons are known from the DE2751156 A1 and the DE726685 C .

Aus der DE 10 2013 002 895 A1 ist ein Kolben einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, der ein Oberteil mit einem Ringfeld aufweist, wobei sich an dem Oberteil ein Kolbenschaft anschließt und in dem Kolben zumindest ein Raum, hier längliche Bohrungen, eingebracht ist, in dem ein Kühlmittel, hier ein Alkalimetall, eingefüllt ist. Bei diesem bekannten Kolben werden die Räume mit dem Kühlmittel unmittelbar befüllt und nach dem Befüllen verschlossen. Der Verschluss erfolgt hier mittels einer Kugel, die in die Einfüllöffnung eingedrückt wird. Als Kühlmittel kommt ein Alkalimetall, insbesondere Natrium, zur Anwendung.From the DE 10 2013 002 895 A1 a piston of an internal combustion engine is known which has an upper part with an annular zone, a piston skirt adjoining the upper part and at least one space, here elongated bores, in which a coolant, here an alkali metal, is filled. In this known piston, the spaces are filled with the coolant immediately and closed after filling. The closure takes place here by means of a ball that is pressed into the filling opening. An alkali metal, in particular sodium, is used as the coolant.

Prinzipiell hat sich diese Art und Weise, wie temperaturmäßig hoch belastete Bereiche des Kolbens mittels des Alkalimetalls gekühlt werden können, bewehrt. Allerdings hat sich herausgestellt, dass eine Produktion problematisch ist, das Kühlmittel in den dafür vorgesehenen Raum einzuführen. Hier muss sehr sorgfältig gearbeitet werden, sodass das Kühlmittel nur in den dafür vorgesehenen Raum eingebracht wird und nichts in die Umgebung entweichen kann. Daher ist es aufwendig und problematisch, das Kühlmittel direkt in den dafür vorgesehenen Raum in den Kolben einzubringen. Diese Problematik wird noch dadurch gesteigert, dass nicht nur ein einziger Raum, sondern bei der DE 10 2013 002 895 A1 mehrere windschief verlaufende Bohrungen vorgesehen sind, in die das Kühlmittel einzubringen ist.In principle, this way in which regions of the piston that are subject to high temperature loads can be cooled by means of the alkali metal has proven itself. However, it has been found that production is problematic in introducing the coolant into the space provided for it. Here one has to work very carefully so that the coolant is only introduced into the space provided and nothing can escape into the environment. It is therefore complex and problematic to introduce the coolant directly into the space provided in the piston. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that not just a single room, but the DE 10 2013 002 895 A1 several crooked bores are provided into which the coolant is to be introduced.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die eingangs geschilderte Nachteile zu vermeiden und einen Kolben sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Kolbens bereitzustellen, mit dem das Befüllen des Raumes mit einem Kühlmedium einfacher gestaltet ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of avoiding the disadvantages described at the outset and of providing a piston and a method for producing such a piston with which the filling of the space with a cooling medium is made simpler.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch die beiden unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst.This problem is solved by the two independent claims.

Hinsichtlich des Kolbens ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmittel in ein Kühlmittelbehältnis eingefüllt und das Kühlmittelbehältnis in den zumindest einen Raum in dem Kolben eingesetzt ist. Daraus ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass zunächst ein Kühlmittelbehältnis bereitgestellt und mit dem geeigneten Kühlmittel befüllt wird. Dies geschieht unabhängig von der Herstellung des Kolbens an sich. Nachdem das mit dem Kühlmittel befüllte und verschlossene Kühlmittelbehältnis hergestellt und bereitgestellt worden ist, kann diese in den dafür vorgesehenen Raum in den Kolben eingesetzt werden. Dadurch vereinfacht sich ganz wesentlich die Produktion des Kolbens an sich, da nicht mehr mit dem Kühlmittel an sich gearbeitet werden muss. Dieses wird gasdicht verschlossen in dem Kühlmittelbehältnis bereitgestellt, welches ohne jegliche Probleme gehandhabt werden kann. Diese Handhabung erfolgt manuell, kann aber auch automatisiert erfolgen.With regard to the piston, it is provided according to the invention that the coolant is filled into a coolant container and the coolant container is inserted into the at least one space in the piston. This has the advantage that a coolant container is first provided and filled with the suitable coolant. This happens independently of the manufacture of the piston itself. After the coolant container filled and closed with the coolant has been produced and made available, it can be inserted into the space provided in the piston. This considerably simplifies the production of the piston itself, since there is no longer any need to work with the coolant itself. This is provided in a gastight manner in the coolant container, which can be handled without any problems. This handling is done manually, but can also be automated.

Nachdem das Kühlmittelbehältnis in den dafür vorgesehenen Raum in dem Kolben eingesetzt worden ist, gibt es hinsichtlich der Ausgestaltung des Kolbens bzw. hinsichtlich des nächsten Verfahrensschrittes mehrere Möglichkeiten. Zum Einen ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass der Raum nach dem Einsetzen des Kühlmittelbehältnisses mit einem Verschlussmittel verschlossen ist bzw. wird. Dieses Verschlusselement kann die bekannte Kugel sein, wobei aber auch jedes andere separate Verschlussmittel eingesetzt und mit der Einfüllöffnung des Raumes in Wirkverbindung gebracht werden kann, um diesen Raum mit dem darin befindlichen Kühlmittelbehältnis zu verschließen. Wird ein Verschlussmittel eingesetzt, ist es denkbar, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis in dem Raum formschlüssig angeordnet ist und es sich somit nicht mehr relativ zu dem Kolben bewegen kann. Alternativ dazu ist es denkbar, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis nach dem Verschließen des Raumes noch ein gewisses Spiel in dem Raum hat und somit eine Bewegung möglich ist. Die ortsfeste Anordnung hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch Wärme besser auf das Kühlmittel übertragen und in temperaturmäßig deutlich geringer belastete Bereiche abgeführt werden kann. Die Bewegung des Kühlmittelbehältnis in dem Raum hat den gleichen Vorteil, da es aufgrund der Auf- und Abbewegung des Kolbens in Betrieb im Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ebenfalls Wärme an hoch belasteten Bereichen aufnehmen und an weniger hoch belasteter Bereiche abgeben kann, wenn es sich in dem Raum bewegt.After the coolant container has been inserted into the space provided for it in the piston, there are several options with regard to the design of the piston and with regard to the next process step. On the one hand, it is provided according to the invention that the space is or will be closed with a closure means after the coolant container has been inserted. This closure element can be the known ball, but any other separate closure means can also be used and brought into operative connection with the filling opening of the space in order to close this space with the coolant container located therein. If a closure means is used, it is conceivable that the coolant container is arranged in the space in a form-fitting manner and it can therefore no longer move relative to the piston. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the coolant container still has a certain amount of play in the room after the room has been closed and movement is therefore possible. The stationary arrangement has the advantage that heat can be better transferred to the coolant and can be dissipated in areas that are significantly less stressed in terms of temperature. Moving the coolant container in the room has the same advantage because, due to the up and down movement of the piston in operation in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, it can also absorb heat at highly stressed areas and release it to less stressed areas when it is in the room emotional.

Alternativ dazu ist es in Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis nach dem Einsetzen in den Raum in seiner Lage dort fixiert ist. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Einpressen, Verkleben oder andere geeignete Maßnahmen erfolgen, die bewirken, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis nach dem Einsetzen in den zugehörigen Raum in dem Kolben in seiner Lage dauerhaft fixiert ist. Dies hat zum Einen den Vorteil, dass ebenfalls, wie schon zuvor beschrieben, eine gute Wärmeübertragung und damit Wärmeabfuhr von temperaturmäßig hoch belasteten in temperaturmäßig weniger belastete Bereich gegeben ist. Außerdem kann das Verschließen der Einsetzöffnung des Raumes entfallen, sodass dadurch die Herstellung des Kolbens noch einmal vereinfacht wird.As an alternative to this, it is provided in a further development of the invention that the coolant container is fixed in its position there after being inserted into the space. This can be done, for example, by pressing in, gluing or other suitable measures which have the effect that the coolant container is permanently fixed in its position after being inserted into the associated space in the piston. On the one hand, this has the advantage that, as already described above, there is also good heat transfer and thus heat dissipation from the temperature-wise high load to the temperature-wise less stressed area. In addition, there is no need to close the insertion opening of the space, so that the manufacture of the piston is once again simplified.

Wenn der Raum nach dem Einsetzen des Kühlmittelbehältnisses mit einem Verschlussmittel verschlossen wird oder die Einsatzöffnung offen bleibt, ist diese Einsetzöffnung vorzugsweise im Innenbereich des Kolbens, der nicht mehr bearbeitet wird, vorgesehen. Liegt die Einsetzöffnung im äußeren Bereich des Kolbens, z.B. im Bereich oberhalb, unterhalb oder innerhalb des Ringfeldes oder des Schaftbereiches, kann mit einem separaten Verschlussmittel gearbeitet werden, welches nach dem Einsetzen und Verschließen überarbeitet wird. Hier kann sowohl bei Verschließen der Einsetzöffnung im Innenbereich oder im Außenbereich des Kolbens daran gedacht werden, anstelle eines separaten Verschlusselementes die Einsetzöffnung zuzuschweißen, zu verlöten, zu verkleben oder dergleichen. Auch hierbei kann die verschlossene Einsetzöffnung nach dem Verschlussvorgang überarbeitet werden.If the space is closed with a closure means after the coolant container has been inserted or the insert opening remains open, this insert opening is preferably provided in the inner region of the piston, which is no longer processed. If the insertion opening is in the outer area of the piston, for example in the area above, below or within the ring field or the shaft area, a separate closure means can be used, which is reworked after the insertion and closure. When closing the insertion opening in the inner area or in the outer area of the piston, one can think of welding, soldering, gluing or the like to the insertion opening instead of a separate closing element. Here, too, the closed insertion opening can be reworked after the closing process.

10Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis länglich und zylinderförmig, z.B. als Röhrchen, ausgebildet ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, das aufgrund dieser länglichen Erstreckung des Kühlmittelbehältnisses das eine Ende in einem temperaturmäßig hoch belasteten Bereich und das andere Ende in einem temperaturmäßig weniger belasteten Bereich angeordnet wird. Durch die Auf- und Abbewegung des Kolbens im Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine wird durch geeignete Ausrichtung des Kühlmittelbehältnisses das in dem Kühlmittelbehältnis befindliche Kühlmittel die Wärme in den hoch belasteten Bereichen aufnehmen und Richtung der weniger belasteten Bereiche abführen. Dieser Wärmetransport kann kontinuierlich erfolgen, .-nsbesondere dann, wenn das Kühlmittelbehältnis vollständig mit dem Kühlmittel befüllt ist. Es ist aber auch ein diskontinuierlicher Wärmetransport denkbar, insbesondere dann, wenn das Kühlmittelbehältnis nicht vollständig mit dem Kühlmittel befüllt ist und sich dieses hin- und her bewegen kann zwischen den beiden Enden des Kühlmittelbehältnisses.According to the invention it is provided that the coolant container is elongated and cylindrical, e.g. as a tube. This has the advantage that, due to this elongated extension of the coolant container, one end is arranged in an area subject to high temperature loads and the other end is arranged in an area subject to less temperature exposure. Due to the up and down movement of the piston in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, through suitable alignment of the coolant container, the coolant in the coolant container absorbs the heat in the highly stressed areas and dissipates it in the direction of the less stressed areas. This heat transport can take place continuously, especially when the coolant container is completely filled with the coolant. However, a discontinuous heat transport is also conceivable, especially when the coolant container is not completely filled with the coolant and this can move back and forth between the two ends of the coolant container.

Bis hierhin ist davon ausgegangen worden, dass der Raum zur Aufnahme des Kühlmittelbehältnisses entweder mit Herstellung des Kolbens in diesen eingebracht wird (z.B. durch Gießen des Kolbens mit verlorenen Kernen, die ausgespült und dann den Raum zur Aufnahme des Kühlmittelbehältnisses bilden) oder Raum nach der Herstellung des Kolbens eingebracht wird, z.B. durch Bohren oder dergleichen. In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es weiterhin vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis in den Kolben eingegossen ist. Auf geeignete Art und Weise wird das separat gefertigte und mit Kühlmittel befüllte und geschlossene Kühlmittelbehältnis bereitgestellt und in eine Gießform des Kolbens eingesetzt. Dieses Einsetzen erfolgt vergleichsweise wie das Einsetzen eines verlorenen Kernes beispielsweise zur Herstellung von Kühlhohlräumen (z.B. ringförmige Kühlkanäle) in ein Gießwerkzeug des Kolbens. Beispielsweise kann das zumindest eine Kühlmittelbehältnis an einer Pinole des Gießwerkzeuges befestigt werden. Nach dem Schließen des Gießwerkzeuges wird dieses mit Gießschmelze aufgefüllt, welche das zumindest eine Kühlmittelbehältnis (und ggf. weiter vorhandene verlorene Kerne) umgibt, sodass das Kühlmittelbehältnis nach dem Erstarren der Gießschmelze an seinem dafür vorgesehenen Ort innerhalb des Kolbens angeordnet ist und seine Funktion aufnehmen kann.Up to this point it has been assumed that the space for accommodating the coolant container is either introduced into the piston when the piston is manufactured (e.g. by casting the piston with lost cores which are flushed out and then form the space for accommodating the coolant container) or space after manufacture of the piston is introduced, for example by drilling or the like. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is also provided that the coolant container is cast into the piston. In a suitable manner, the separately manufactured and closed coolant container filled with coolant is provided and inserted into a casting mold of the piston. This insertion takes place in a comparative manner to the insertion of a lost core, for example to produce cooling cavities (for example, annular cooling channels) in a casting tool of the piston. For example, the at least one coolant container can be attached to a quill of the casting tool. After the casting tool has been closed, it is filled with casting melt, which surrounds the at least one coolant container (and possibly other lost cores), so that after the casting melt has solidified, the coolant container is arranged at its intended location within the piston and can take up its function .

Die gleichen vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungen und die sich daraus ergebenen Vorteile gelten in gleicher Weise für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung des Kolbens.The same embodiments described above and the advantages resulting therefrom apply in the same way to the method according to the invention for producing the piston.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens, anhand dessen auch die Herstellungsschritte erläutert werden, ist im Folgenden beschrieben und in den Figuren 1 bis 3 gezeigt.An exemplary embodiment of a piston according to the invention, on the basis of which the manufacturing steps are also explained, is described below and in FIG Figures 1 to 3 shown.

Mit der Bezugsziffer 1 ist beispielhaft ein einstückigen Kolben 1 gezeigt der ein Oberteil 2 aufweist. Ein Kolbenschaft 3 schließt sich dem Oberteil 2 an, wobei bei dieser Bauart des Kolbens die beiden gegenüberliegenden Abschnitte des Kolbenschaftes 3 über Verbindungswände 4, in denen auch eine Bolzenbohrung 5 angeordnet ist, verbunden sind. Die Bolzenbohrungen 5 zur Aufnahme der Enden eines Kolbenbolzens können vorhanden sein, müssen es aber nicht. Die Enden des Kolbenbolzens können auch auf andere Art und Weise an der Unterseite des Oberteiles 2 angeordnet werden. Das Oberteil 2 weist in an sich bekannter Weise ein Ringfeld 6 auf, wobei im Innenbereich des Kolbens 1 mit 7 ein Zentralbereich (Figur 1) bezeichnet ist.A one-piece piston 1, which has an upper part 2, is shown by way of example with the reference number 1. A piston skirt 3 adjoins the upper part 2, with the two opposite sections of the piston skirt 3 being connected in this type of piston via connecting walls 4 in which a pin bore 5 is also arranged. The pin bores 5 for receiving the ends of a piston pin can be present, but do not have to be. The ends of the piston pin can also be arranged on the underside of the upper part 2 in a different manner. The upper part 2 has, in a manner known per se, an annular zone 6, with a central area ( Figure 1 ) is designated.

In dem Oberteil 2 des Kolbens1 kann eine Brennraummulde 8, genauso wie ein ringförmig umlaufender Kühlkanal 9 vorhanden sein. Je nach Einsatzzweck des Kolbens 1 können Brennraummulde 8 und/oder Kühlkanal 9 vorhanden sein, müssen aber nicht.In the upper part 2 of the piston 1, a combustion bowl 8, as well as a ring-shaped circumferential cooling channel 9, can be present. Depending on the intended use of the piston 1, combustion bowl 8 and / or cooling duct 9 may or may not be present.

In Figur 1 ist mit 10 ein Verschluss von Öffnungen 11 von innerhalb des Kolbens 1 liegenden Räumen 12 gezeigt.In Figure 1 10 shows a closure of openings 11 of spaces 12 located inside the piston 1.

Bei Betrachtung der Figur 2 wird deutlich, dass prinzipiell der zumindest eine Raum 12, hier mehrere Räume 12, in dem Kolben 1, d.h. innerhalb seines Vollmaterials, angeordnet sind. Während in Figur 1 davon ausgegangen wird, dass die Öffnungen 11 der Räume 12 von dem Zentralbereich 7 (Innenbereich des Kolbens 1) aus zugänglich sind, ist in Figur 2 dargestellt, dass die Öffnungen 11 der Räume 12 von dem Außenbereich des Kolbens 1 (z.B. von der Verbindungswand 4 oder dem Kolbenschaft 3) aus zugänglich sind.When looking at the Figure 2 it becomes clear that in principle the at least one space 12, here several spaces 12, are arranged in the piston 1, ie within its solid material. While in Figure 1 it is assumed that the openings 11 of the spaces 12 are accessible from the central region 7 (inner region of the piston 1) is shown in FIG Figure 2 shown that the openings 11 of the spaces 12 of are accessible from the outside of the piston 1 (for example from the connecting wall 4 or the piston skirt 3).

Unabhängig davon, von wo aus die Räume 12 zugänglich sind und wo sich deren Öffnungen 11 (Einsetzöffnungen) befinden, werden also nach der Herstellung des Kolbens 1 (genauer eines Kolbenrohlings) oder schon mit der Herstellung in erforderlicher Anzahl die Räume 12 in den Kolbengrundkörper (Vollmaterial) eingebracht. Das Einbringen kann wie schon beschrieben durch verlorene Kerne erfolgen, die ausgespült werden. Anstelle dessen kann nach der Herstellung des Kolbenrohlings der jeweilige Raum 12 durch geeignete Verfahren, wie z. B. Bohren, Fräsen oder dergleichen, eingebracht werden. Dies ist beispielsweise anhand des Kolbens gemäß Figur 2 erkennbar, wo die Räume 12 schräg angeordnet in dem Kolben 1 und in Richtung des Zentralbereiches 7 ausgerichtet sind.Regardless of where the spaces 12 are accessible from and where their openings 11 (insert openings) are located, the spaces 12 are inserted into the piston body in the required number after the piston 1 has been manufactured (more precisely a piston blank) or already during manufacture. Solid material). As already described, it can be introduced through lost cores that are flushed out. Instead, after the production of the piston blank, the respective space 12 can be carried out by suitable methods, such as, for. B. drilling, milling or the like can be introduced. This is shown, for example, on the basis of the piston Figure 2 It can be seen where the spaces 12 are arranged obliquely in the piston 1 and are aligned in the direction of the central region 7.

Nachdem ein Kolben gemäß Figur 2 vorbereitet worden ist, werden, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt ist, zuvor hergestellte und mit Kühlmittel gefüllte Kühlmittel befüllte Kühlmittelbehältnisse 13 in die dafür vorgesehenen Räume 12 eingesetzt. Nach dem Einsetzen werden die zugehörigen Öffnungen 11 des Raumes 12 verschlossen oder das jeweilige Kühlmittelbehältnis 13 so in den Raum 12 eingesetzt, dass es nach Abschluss des Einsetzvorganges dort dauerhaft in seiner Lage fixiert ist. Diese Lagefixierung muss unbedingt so erfolgen, dass das Kühlmittelbehältnis 13 sich während der Auf- und Abbewegung des Kolbens 1 im Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine nicht aus dem Raum 12 herausbewegen kann.After a piston according to Figure 2 has been prepared, as in Figure 3 is shown, previously produced and filled with coolant-filled coolant containers 13 are inserted into the spaces 12 provided for this purpose. After the insertion, the associated openings 11 of the space 12 are closed or the respective coolant container 13 is inserted into the space 12 in such a way that it is permanently fixed in its position there after the insertion process has been completed. This positional fixing must be carried out in such a way that the coolant container 13 cannot move out of the space 12 during the up and down movement of the piston 1 in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.

Wie in Figur 2 und 3 erkennbar, sind die Räume 12 und dementsprechend auch die Kühlmittelbehältnisse 13 länglich und zylinderförmig ausgestaltet. Diese längliche und zylinderförmige Ausgestaltung gestattet ist, dass Kühlmittelbehältnis 13 auf einfache Art und Weise durch Verwendung von Rohrmaterial herzustellen, welches beispielsweise an einem Ende verschlossen und anschließend das Kühlmittel eingefüllt wird und anschließend wiederum das weitere Ende gasdicht verschlossen wird. Außerdem hat diese längliche Gestaltung den Vorteil, dass der Kolben 1, wenn überhaupt nur geringfügig in seiner Festigkeit geschwächt wird, wenn die Räume 12 eingebracht werden. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist darin zu sehen, dass aufgrund der länglichen Erstreckung des Kühlmittelbehältnisses 12 ein sehr guter Wärmetransport von den temperaturmäßig hoch belasteten Bereichen (in dem Ausführungsbeispiel z.B. der innen liegende Dom der Brennraummulde 8) in Richtung temperaturmäßig weniger hoch belasteter Bereiche erfolgen kann.As in Figure 2 and 3 recognizable, the spaces 12 and accordingly also the coolant containers 13 are designed to be elongated and cylindrical. This elongated and cylindrical configuration allows the coolant container 13 to be produced in a simple manner by using pipe material which, for example, is closed at one end and then the coolant is filled and then the other end is again closed in a gastight manner. In addition, this elongated design has the advantage that the piston 1, if at all is only slightly weakened in its strength when the spaces 12 are introduced. Another advantage is that, due to the elongated extension of the coolant container 12, very good heat transport can take place from the areas exposed to high temperatures (in the exemplary embodiment, for example, the inner dome of the combustion bowl 8) in the direction of areas which are less exposed to temperature.

Zur Befüllung des Kühlmittelbehältnisses 12 und zum Wärmetransport kommt jedes geeignete Kühlmittel in Betracht. Von besonderen Vorteil Alkalimetalle, wie z.B. Natrium, da diese in dem Temperaturarbeitsbereich des Kolbens 1 einen sehr guten Wärmetransport aufweisen.Any suitable coolant can be used to fill the coolant container 12 and to transport heat. Alkali metals, such as sodium, for example, are particularly advantageous, since they have very good heat transport in the working temperature range of the piston 1.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

1.1.
Kolbenpiston
2.2.
OberteilTop
3.3.
KolbenschaftPiston skirt
4.4th
VerbindungswandConnecting wall
5.5.
BolzenbohrungBolt hole
6.6th
RingfeldRing field
7.7th
ZentralbereichCentral area
8.8th.
BrennraummuldeCombustion bowl
9.9.
KühlkanalCooling duct
10.10.
VerschlussClasp
11.11.
Öffnungenopenings
12.12th
Raumroom
13.13th
KühlmittelbehältnisCoolant container

Claims (8)

  1. Piston (1) of an internal combustion engine, having an upper part (2) with a ring zone (6) and a piston skirt (3) which adjoins the upper part (2), at least one space (12) being made in the piston (1), in which space (12) a coolant is filled, the coolant being filled into a coolant container (13) and the coolant container (13) being inserted into the at least one space (12) in the piston (1), characterized in that the coolant container (13) is of elongate and cylindrical configuration and its longitudinal axis runs through a dome of a combustion chamber recess (8) of the piston (1).
  2. Piston (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that, after the insertion of the coolant container (13), the space is closed by way of a closure means.
  3. Piston (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that, after the insertion into the space (12), the coolant container (13) is fixed in its position there.
  4. Piston (1) according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the coolant container (13) is cast into the piston (1).
  5. Method for producing a piston (1) of an internal combustion engine, having an upper part (2) with a ring zone (6) and a piston skirt (3) which adjoins the upper part (2), at least one space (12) being made in the piston (1), in which space (12) a coolant is filled, the coolant being filled into a coolant container (13) and the coolant container (13) being inserted afterwards into the space (12), characterized in that a longitudinal axis of a coolant container (13) of elongate and cylindrical configuration is oriented so as to run through a dome of a combustion chamber recess (8) of the piston (1).
  6. Method for producing a piston (1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that, after the insertion of the coolant container (13), the space is closed by way of a closure means.
  7. Method for producing a piston (1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that, after the insertion into the space (12), the coolant container (13) is fixed in its position there.
  8. Method for producing a piston (1) according to Claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the coolant container (13) is cast into the piston (1).
EP16766898.7A 2015-09-11 2016-09-09 Cooling of a piston by means of sodium-filled tubes Active EP3347585B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015217468 2015-09-11
PCT/EP2016/071342 WO2017042356A1 (en) 2015-09-11 2016-09-09 Cooling of a piston by means of sodium-filled tubes

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EP (1) EP3347585B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108026862B (en)
DE (1) DE102016116984A1 (en)
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WO2018192959A1 (en) 2017-04-19 2018-10-25 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston with a structured design
EP3710686A1 (en) 2017-11-14 2020-09-23 KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH Steel piston with optimized design
DE102020209803A1 (en) 2020-08-04 2022-02-10 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Pistons for an internal combustion engine and manufacturing method of such
DE102020213358A1 (en) 2020-10-22 2022-04-28 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Pistons for an internal combustion engine with journal cooling
DE102021205707A1 (en) 2021-06-07 2022-12-08 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Pistons for an internal combustion engine with improved cooling of the piston crown
DE102021205709A1 (en) 2021-06-07 2022-12-08 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Pistons for an internal combustion engine with improved cooling of the piston crown

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DE2751156A1 (en) * 1977-11-16 1979-05-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert COMBUSTION MACHINE WITH COMBUSTION CHAMBER WALLS, PART OF WHICH CAN BE STORED AT AN INCREASED TEMPERATURE LEVEL

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DE726685C (en) * 1939-09-01 1942-10-19 Versuchsanstalt Fuer Luftfahrt Pistons for internal combustion engines
DE2613059A1 (en) 1975-12-01 1977-06-08 Kioritz Corp PISTONS FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES
JPH04265451A (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-09-21 Suzuki Motor Corp Two cycle engine piston
DE10015709B4 (en) 2000-03-29 2011-08-11 KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH, 74172 Piston with an annular cooling channel
US6904876B1 (en) * 2004-06-28 2005-06-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Sodium cooled pistons for a free piston engine
DE102004038946A1 (en) * 2004-08-11 2006-02-23 Mahle International Gmbh Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine with heat pipes
DE102011111319A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-02-28 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102011113800A1 (en) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-21 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production
DE102012207951B4 (en) * 2012-05-11 2022-09-22 Man Energy Solutions Se Pistons of an internal combustion engine
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DE2751156A1 (en) * 1977-11-16 1979-05-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert COMBUSTION MACHINE WITH COMBUSTION CHAMBER WALLS, PART OF WHICH CAN BE STORED AT AN INCREASED TEMPERATURE LEVEL

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US20180252182A1 (en) 2018-09-06
CN108026862A (en) 2018-05-11
CN108026862B (en) 2021-02-26
EP3347585A1 (en) 2018-07-18
DE102016116984A1 (en) 2017-03-16
US10787990B2 (en) 2020-09-29
MX2018002866A (en) 2018-06-18
WO2017042356A1 (en) 2017-03-16

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