EP3347581A1 - Electric compressor with bypass valve - Google Patents

Electric compressor with bypass valve

Info

Publication number
EP3347581A1
EP3347581A1 EP16763792.5A EP16763792A EP3347581A1 EP 3347581 A1 EP3347581 A1 EP 3347581A1 EP 16763792 A EP16763792 A EP 16763792A EP 3347581 A1 EP3347581 A1 EP 3347581A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
electric compressor
compressor
bypass
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16763792.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kévin SURBLED
Christophe CHERREAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Publication of EP3347581A1 publication Critical patent/EP3347581A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
    • F02D23/02—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged the engines being of fuel-injection type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/08—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines for engines having two or more intake charge compressors or exhaust gas turbines, e.g. a turbocharger combined with an additional compressor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric compressors, and more particularly to an assembly comprising a heat engine and an electric compressor with a bypass valve.
  • an electric compressor is a device used to supercharge a gasoline engine, diesel, gas, ethanol, operating with an electric motor. More specifically, the compressor comprises a compressor wheel driven by an electric motor. The electric compressor is placed on the air intake line of an internal combustion engine. The electric compressor plays the same role as the turbocharger, namely to increase the intake pressure of the fresh gases in the engine.
  • the use of the electric compressor is envisaged for various needs, ranging from improving the overall response time of the engine air loop to increasing the maximum engine torque or the specific power of a heat engine, passing by the improvement of the depollution or the heating of the admitted gases in cold conditions.
  • valves Today two types of valves can be used, the passive valves, which are not piloted, or active, which are piloted. These allow to better control the behavior of the bypass function according to the use of the compressor and thus to better manage and protect the electric compressor.
  • a disadvantage of these active valves today is that it is difficult to control them in combination with the compressor in the best possible conditions. They require to have in the engine control calculator specific strategies management dedicated on the one hand to the compressor, and on the other hand to the valve itself, each communicating together in order to properly arbitrate the use of these components. It is then necessary to have an engine control computer presenting the inputs and outputs specific to the compressor and the bypass valve, as well as complex control architectures.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a motor system comprising a compressor with an improved active bypass valve.
  • the present invention proposes an assembly comprising: an intake duct extending between an air intake and a heat engine, a heat engine, an electric compressor arranged on the intake duct, - a circuit for bypassing the electric compressor, a bypass valve of the electric compressor disposed on the bypass circuit, the electric compressor being configured to allow control of the bypass valve.
  • the bypass valve is a flap type valve, valve or tire.
  • control is performed by control means.
  • the control means are integrated in the electronics of the electric compressor.
  • the assembly comprises a recirculation circuit of the exhaust gases.
  • the assembly a heat exchanger disposed on the intake duct.
  • the electric compressor is disposed upstream of the heat exchanger, and upstream of the valve.
  • the electric compressor is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger, and upstream of the valve.
  • electric compressor is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger, and downstream of the valve.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the assembly according to the invention, in an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of results obtained with a valve according to the invention. , 2a compressor downstream pressure and 2b compressor power relative to the valve position, with and without compressor operation.
  • the present invention relates to a heat engine equipped with an electric compressor comprising a bypass valve.
  • the electric motor is an asynchronous DC or AC motor.
  • the electric motor is a variable reluctance motor (also called SRM machine for Switched Reluctance Motor according to English terminology).
  • the electric motor is a permanent magnet motor.
  • bypass valve also called bypass valve according to the English terminology
  • bypass valve a valve to bypass or not bypass the electric compressor. More specifically, the valve is disposed on a bypass duct of the electric compressor. When the valve is open, the fluid flows in the bypass duct, and when the valve is closed, the fluid flows through the electric compressor.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention.
  • a set 1 motor with an intake duct 4 of the intake circuit, a combustion engine 2 internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and an electric compressor 5.
  • This engine 2 comprises a combustion chamber 3 comprising a plurality of cylinders, for example four in number in the figures, intended to receive a mixture of oxidant and fuel, and for example gasoline or diesel fuel and fuel. pure air or a recirculating air / gas mixture as an oxidizer.
  • the combustion in the cylinders generates the work of the engine 2.
  • the operation of the engine 2 is conventional: the gases are admitted into the combustion chamber 3, are compressed, burned and expelled in the form of exhaust gas.
  • This engine 2 has an inlet connected to the intake duct 4 and an outlet connected to a gas exhaust circuit 10.
  • the inlet duct inlet inlet 4 defines the inlet through which the fresh air enters the inlet duct 4. 1 together while the outlet 12 of the exhaust circuit 10 defines the outlet through which the exhaust gas is discharged from the assembly 1.
  • the intake duct 4 opens into an intake manifold 7 which thus forms a gas inlet box in the combustion chamber 3 of the engine 2.
  • intake duct 4 is meant the inlet duct for the intake gases, the flow of which is represented by the arrow Fl, this duct being situated between the air intake 11 and the engine 2.
  • the intake duct 4 comprises a mechanical compressor 111 of the inlet gas, which is for example a turbocharger.
  • the intake duct 4 comprises a heat exchanger 6, allowing the cooling of the intake gases, and for example the gases from the mechanical compressor 111.
  • This heat exchanger 6 also called “RAS” by the skilled person, which means “charge air cooler”, has the function of cooling the intake gas.
  • the heat exchanger 6 ensures a heat exchange between the intake gases and the heat transfer fluid of the heat exchanger 6. At the outlet of the heat exchanger 6, the gases are at a temperature close to that of the heat transfer fluid heat exchanger 6.
  • the intake duct 4 upstream of the intake manifold 7 of the gases in the engine 2, the intake duct 4 comprises a valve 8 comprising a butterfly valve whose function is to regulate the flow rate of the fuel. gas for the regulation of the engine speed.
  • This valve 8 is controlled by a motor control unit (also called ECU which means Engine Control Unit according to the English terminology), well known to those skilled in the art, and allows to regulate the amount of air introduced into the engine.
  • ECU Engine Control Unit according to the English terminology
  • the butterfly valve 8 is upstream of the electric compressor 5.
  • the butterfly valve is downstream of the electric compressor.
  • the output of the engine 2 is formed by a manifold 9 of the exhaust gas.
  • the latter is connected to a gas escape channel or channel forming part of the gas exhaust system.
  • the exhaust circuit 10 comprises a turbine 121, integral in rotation with the mechanical compressor 111 of the intake gases and forming with it a turbocharger.
  • the turbine 121 is driven by the exhaust gas from the exhaust path, whose flow is shown schematically by the arrow F2.
  • the flow passes through the catalyst 122.
  • the assembly 1 comprises an electric compressor 5.
  • This compressor 5 is driven by an electric motor.
  • the electric compressor 5 is arranged in the loop of the intake duct 4.
  • the electric compressor 5 is disposed upstream of the heat exchanger 6, and the gases issuing from the heat exchanger 6 open upstream of the butterfly valve 8 and then into the collector.
  • the electric compressor 5 is disposed upstream of the mechanical compressor 111.
  • the electric compressor 5 is disposed upstream of the butterfly valve 8, between the heat exchanger 6 and the butterfly valve 8. According to another variant of the invention, the electric compressor 5 is disposed downstream of the butterfly valve.
  • the electric compressor 5 is integrated in a bypass circuit 510 (also called bypass circuit according to the English terminology) having a bypass means 52.
  • the electric compressor can thus be short-circuited. by this bypass system.
  • this bypass means 52 is for example a butterfly valve, a shutter valve, a valve gate, a pneumatic valve or any other type of equivalent valve and compatible with the invention.
  • the branch circuit 510 in combination with the bypass means 52 generally allows intake gases arriving via the intake circuit 4 to circulate through the electric compressor or to bypass it, by closing or opening the bypass means 52
  • the valve-type bypass means 52 is disposed on a bypass circuit 510, different from that of the electric compressor 5 so that when the bypass valve 52 is closed the gases Intake is directed to the duct 511 where is placed the electric compressor 5.
  • the bypass means is disposed on the bypass duct and the electric compressor on the main duct.
  • the bypass means is disposed on the main conduit and the electric compressor on the bypass duct.
  • the bypass means is disposed on the same main or bypass duct, as the electric compressor, and an additional valve is disposed in the bypass duct or the main duct.
  • an additional valve is disposed in the bypass duct or the main duct.
  • the inlet gases circulate in the duct 510 and through the electric compressor 5.
  • control of the bypass valve 52 is integrated in the electric compressor 5. More precisely, the electric compressor 5 comprises at least a portion of the control electronics of the bypass valve 52.
  • Control of the bypass valve is performed by control means 53 of the valve 52.
  • the control means 53 of the valve is performed by control means 53 of the valve 52.
  • the motor assembly comprises a recirculation circuit 9 of the exhaust gases.
  • This circuit comprises a heat exchanger 91 for recirculated gases and a recirculation valve 90, whose operation is not described here because known to those skilled in the art.
  • the recirculation circuit 9 is disposed at the level of the exhaust duct 10 and opens upstream of the electric compressor 5.
  • the recirculation circuit 9 opens downstream of the compressor.
  • the operation of such a system according to the invention is as follows. Upon activation of the electric compressor, the compressor sends a closing request to the bypass valve of the compressor 5. When requesting a deactivation of the compressor, the compressor sends a request to open the bypass valve.
  • activation of the compressor is meant that the speed reference is non-zero or greater than the idle speed, and by deactivation, the fact that the speed reference is zero or of the order of the idle speed.
  • the minimum control of the bypass valve of the compressor integrated in the electric compressor can be made more complex by taking for example measurements made by sensors present on the electric compressor, and for example measurements of regime, current, pressures or temperatures. It is thus possible to ensure both a finer control of the compressor and the compressor valve according to the actual operating conditions, as well as to provide protective functions of these components.
  • Figures 2a and 2b illustrate the results obtained with a bypass valve according to the invention. , 2a compressor downstream pressure and 2b compressor power relative to the valve position, with and without compressor operation. These results are obtained by a simulation study carried out on a 1.9L tGDI gasoline engine, equipped with a cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation circuit and an electric compressor with recirculation valve located upstream of the compressor.
  • the compressor and the bypass valve are controlled on the basis of simplified control laws.
  • the compressor receives a request to increase its speed of rotation and the bypass valve receives a closing request.
  • the compressor speed request becomes the idle speed and the bypass valve receives an opening instruction.

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembly (1) comprising: an intake duct (4) extending between an air intake (11) and a heat engine (2); a heat engine (2); an electric compressor (5) arranged on the intake duct; a bypass circuit (510) of the electric compressor; a bypass valve of the electric compressor (5) arranged on the bypass circuit (510), the electric compressor (5) being configured to allow the control of the bypass valve (52).

Description

COMPRESSEUR ELECTRIQUE AVEC VANNE DE CONTOURNEMENT  ELECTRIC COMPRESSOR WITH BYPASS VALVE
La présente invention concerne le domaine des compresseurs électrique, et plus particulièrement un ensemble comprenant un moteur thermique et un compresseur électrique avec une vanne de contournement. The present invention relates to the field of electric compressors, and more particularly to an assembly comprising a heat engine and an electric compressor with a bypass valve.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, un compresseur électrique est un dispositif, utilisé pour suralimenter un moteur thermique essences, diesel, gaz, éthanol, fonctionnant avec un moteur électrique. Plus précisément, le compresseur comporte une roue de compresseur entraînée par un moteur électrique. Le compresseur électrique est placé sur la ligne d'admission d'air d'un moteur à combustion interne. Le compresseur électrique joue le même rôle que le turbocompresseur, à savoir augmenter la pression d'admission des gaz frais dans le moteur. In the context of the invention, an electric compressor is a device used to supercharge a gasoline engine, diesel, gas, ethanol, operating with an electric motor. More specifically, the compressor comprises a compressor wheel driven by an electric motor. The electric compressor is placed on the air intake line of an internal combustion engine. The electric compressor plays the same role as the turbocharger, namely to increase the intake pressure of the fresh gases in the engine.
L'utilisation du compresseur électrique est envisagée pour différents besoins, allant de l'amélioration du temps de réponse global de la boucle d'air moteur à l'augmentation du couple maximal moteur voire de la puissance spécifique d'un moteur thermique, en passant par l'amélioration de la dépollution ou encore le réchauffement des gaz admis dans des conditions froides. The use of the electric compressor is envisaged for various needs, ranging from improving the overall response time of the engine air loop to increasing the maximum engine torque or the specific power of a heat engine, passing by the improvement of the depollution or the heating of the admitted gases in cold conditions.
Quelle que soit l'utilisation envisagée, il est nécessaire de disposer d'une vanne de contournement pour différents besoin tels que la non utilisation du compresseur, protection du compresseur etc. Whatever the use envisaged, it is necessary to have a bypass valve for various needs such as non-use of the compressor, protection of the compressor, etc.
Aujourd'hui deux types de vannes peuvent être utilisées, les vannes passives, qui ne sont pas pilotées, ou actives, qui sont pilotées. Ces dernières permettent de mieux contrôler le comportement de la fonction de contournement en fonction de l'utilisation du compresseur et de ce fait de mieux gérer et protéger le compresseur électrique. Today two types of valves can be used, the passive valves, which are not piloted, or active, which are piloted. These allow to better control the behavior of the bypass function according to the use of the compressor and thus to better manage and protect the electric compressor.
Un inconvénient de ces vannes actives aujourd'hui, est qu'il est difficile de les piloter en association avec le compresseur dans les meilleures conditions possibles. Elles nécessitent de disposer dans le calculateur de contrôle moteur des stratégies spécifiques de gestion dédiées d'une part au compresseur, et d'autre part à la vanne elle-même, chacune communiquant ensemble afin de pouvoir arbitrer correctement l'utilisation de ces composants. Il est alors nécessaire de disposer d'un calculateur de contrôle moteur présentant les entrées et sorties spécifiques au compresseur et à la vanne de contournement, ainsi que d'architectures de contrôle complexes. A disadvantage of these active valves today is that it is difficult to control them in combination with the compressor in the best possible conditions. They require to have in the engine control calculator specific strategies management dedicated on the one hand to the compressor, and on the other hand to the valve itself, each communicating together in order to properly arbitrate the use of these components. It is then necessary to have an engine control computer presenting the inputs and outputs specific to the compressor and the bypass valve, as well as complex control architectures.
La présente invention a donc pour objet de pallier un ou plusieurs des inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant un système moteur comportant un compresseur avec une vanne de contournement active améliorée. Pour cela la présente invention propose un ensemble comprenant : un conduit d'admission s'étendant entre une entrée d'air et un moteur thermique, un moteur thermique, un compresseur électrique disposé sur le conduit d'admission, - un circuit de contournement du compresseur électrique, une vanne de contournement du compresseur électrique disposée sur le circuit de contournement, le compresseur électrique étant configuré pour permettre le pilotage de la vanne de contournement. Une telle intégration du pilotage dans le compresseur électrique permet une meilleure synchronisation du fonctionnement du compresseur avec la vanne de contournement, et ainsi une meilleure efficacité du compresseur électrique. The present invention therefore aims to overcome one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a motor system comprising a compressor with an improved active bypass valve. For this purpose, the present invention proposes an assembly comprising: an intake duct extending between an air intake and a heat engine, a heat engine, an electric compressor arranged on the intake duct, - a circuit for bypassing the electric compressor, a bypass valve of the electric compressor disposed on the bypass circuit, the electric compressor being configured to allow control of the bypass valve. Such an integration of the control in the electric compressor allows a better synchronization of the operation of the compressor with the bypass valve, and thus a better efficiency of the electric compressor.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la vanne de contournement est une vanne de type volet, soupape ou pneumatique. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, pilotage est réalisé par des moyens de pilotage. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de pilotage sont intégrés à l'électronique du compresseur électrique. According to one embodiment of the invention, the bypass valve is a flap type valve, valve or tire. According to one embodiment of the invention, control is performed by control means. According to one embodiment of the invention, the control means are integrated in the electronics of the electric compressor.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'ensemble comporte un circuit de recirculation des gaz d'échappements. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'ensemble un échangeur de chaleur disposé sur le conduit d'admission. According to one embodiment of the invention, the assembly comprises a recirculation circuit of the exhaust gases. According to one embodiment of the invention, the assembly a heat exchanger disposed on the intake duct.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le compresseur électrique est disposé en amont de l'échangeur de chaleur, et en amont de la vanne. According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric compressor is disposed upstream of the heat exchanger, and upstream of the valve.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le compresseur électrique est disposé en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur, et en amont de la vanne. According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric compressor is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger, and upstream of the valve.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, compresseur électrique est disposé en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur, et en aval de la vanne. According to one embodiment of the invention, electric compressor is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger, and downstream of the valve.
L'invention concerne également l'utilisation de l'ensemble selon l'invention, dans un moteur à combustion interne pour véhicule automobile. D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris et apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description faite, ci-après, en se référant aux figures annexées, données à titre d'exemple et dans lesquelles: The invention also relates to the use of the assembly according to the invention, in an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle. Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be better understood and will appear more clearly on reading the description given hereinafter with reference to the appended figures given by way of example and in which:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un premier mode de réalisation selon l'invention, - la figure 2 est une représentation graphique de résultats obtenus avec une vanne selon l'invention. , 2a pression aval compresseur et 2b puissance du compresseur par rapport à la position de la vanne, avec et sans utilisation du compresseur. - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention, - Figure 2 is a graphical representation of results obtained with a valve according to the invention. , 2a compressor downstream pressure and 2b compressor power relative to the valve position, with and without compressor operation.
La présente invention concerne un moteur thermique équipé d'un compresseur électrique comportant une vanne de contournement. Dans le cadre de l'invention, on entend par compresseur électrique, un compresseur d'air, volumétrique ou non et par exemple centrifuge ou radial, entraîné par un moteur électrique, dans le but de suralimenter un moteur thermique. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur asynchrone à courant continue ou alternatif. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur à reluctance variable (également appelée machine SRM pour Switched Reluctance Motor selon la terminologie anglaise). The present invention relates to a heat engine equipped with an electric compressor comprising a bypass valve. In the context of the invention, the term electric compressor, an air compressor, volumetric or not and for example centrifugal or radial, driven by an electric motor, for the purpose of supercharging a heat engine. According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is an asynchronous DC or AC motor. According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is a variable reluctance motor (also called SRM machine for Switched Reluctance Motor according to English terminology).
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur à aimant permanent. According to another embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is a permanent magnet motor.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, on entend par vanne de contournement (également appelée vanne by-pass selon la terminologie anglaise), une vanne permettant de contourner ou de ne pas contourner le compresseur électrique. Plus précisément, la vanne est disposée sur un conduit de contournement du compresseur électrique. Lorsque la vanne est ouverte, le fluide circule dans le conduit de contournement, et lorsque la vanne est fermée, le fluide circule via le compresseur électrique. In the context of the invention, the term bypass valve (also called bypass valve according to the English terminology), a valve to bypass or not bypass the electric compressor. More specifically, the valve is disposed on a bypass duct of the electric compressor. When the valve is open, the fluid flows in the bypass duct, and when the valve is closed, the fluid flows through the electric compressor.
La figure 1 illustre, un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Sur cette figure 1 est illustré un ensemble 1 moteur avec un conduit d'admission 4 du circuit d'admission, un moteur 2 thermique à combustion interne de véhicule automobile et un compresseur électrique 5. Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention. In this figure 1 is illustrated a set 1 motor with an intake duct 4 of the intake circuit, a combustion engine 2 internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and an electric compressor 5.
Ce moteur 2 comporte une chambre de combustion 3 comportant une pluralité de cylindres, au nombre par exemple de quatre sur les figures, destinée à recevoir un mélange de comburant et de carburant, et par exemple l'essence ou le diesel comme carburant et de l'air pur ou un mélange air/gaz de recirculation comme comburant. La combustion dans les cylindres génère le travail du moteur 2. Le fonctionnement du moteur 2 est classique : les gaz sont admis dans la chambre de combustion 3, y sont comprimés, brûlés puis expulsés sous forme de gaz d'échappement. This engine 2 comprises a combustion chamber 3 comprising a plurality of cylinders, for example four in number in the figures, intended to receive a mixture of oxidant and fuel, and for example gasoline or diesel fuel and fuel. pure air or a recirculating air / gas mixture as an oxidizer. The combustion in the cylinders generates the work of the engine 2. The operation of the engine 2 is conventional: the gases are admitted into the combustion chamber 3, are compressed, burned and expelled in the form of exhaust gas.
Ce moteur 2 a une entrée reliée au conduit d'admission 4 et une sortie reliée à un circuit d'échappement de gaz 10. L'entrée 11 du conduit d'admission 4 définit l'entrée par laquelle l'air frais pénètre dans l'ensemble 1 tandis que la sortie 12 du circuit d'échappement 10 définit la sortie par laquelle les gaz d'échappement sont évacués de l'ensemble 1. Le conduit d'admission 4 débouche dans un collecteur d'admission 7 qui forme ainsi une boîte d'entrée des gaz dans la chambre de combustion 3 du moteur 2. This engine 2 has an inlet connected to the intake duct 4 and an outlet connected to a gas exhaust circuit 10. The inlet duct inlet inlet 4 defines the inlet through which the fresh air enters the inlet duct 4. 1 together while the outlet 12 of the exhaust circuit 10 defines the outlet through which the exhaust gas is discharged from the assembly 1. The intake duct 4 opens into an intake manifold 7 which thus forms a gas inlet box in the combustion chamber 3 of the engine 2.
On entend par conduit d'admission 4 la canalisation d'admission pour les gaz d'admission, dont le flux est représenté par la flèche Fl, cette canalisation étant située entre l'entrée 11 d'air et le moteur 2. By intake duct 4 is meant the inlet duct for the intake gases, the flow of which is represented by the arrow Fl, this duct being situated between the air intake 11 and the engine 2.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention le conduit d'admission 4 comporte un compresseur mécanique 111 des gaz d'admission, qui est par exemple un turbocompresseur. According to one embodiment of the invention the intake duct 4 comprises a mechanical compressor 111 of the inlet gas, which is for example a turbocharger.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le conduit d'admission 4 comporte un échangeur de chaleur 6, permettant le refroidissement des gaz d'admission, et par exemple les gaz issus du compresseur mécanique 111. Cet échangeur de chaleur 6 également appelé "RAS" par l'homme du métier, qui signifie "refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation", a pour fonction de refroidir les gaz d'admission. L'échangeur de chaleur 6 assure un échange thermique entre les gaz d'admission et le fluide caloporteur de l'échangeur de chaleur 6. En sortie de l'échangeur de chaleur 6, les gaz sont à une température proche de celle du fluide caloporteur de l'échangeur de chaleur 6. According to one embodiment of the invention, the intake duct 4 comprises a heat exchanger 6, allowing the cooling of the intake gases, and for example the gases from the mechanical compressor 111. This heat exchanger 6 also called "RAS" by the skilled person, which means "charge air cooler", has the function of cooling the intake gas. The heat exchanger 6 ensures a heat exchange between the intake gases and the heat transfer fluid of the heat exchanger 6. At the outlet of the heat exchanger 6, the gases are at a temperature close to that of the heat transfer fluid heat exchanger 6.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, en amont du collecteur d'admission 7 des gaz dans le moteur 2, le conduit d'admission 4 comporte une vanne 8 comportant un obturateur de type papillon dont la fonction est de régler le débit de gaz pour la régulation du régime moteur. Cette vanne 8 est commandée par une unité de commande moteur (également appelé ECU qui signifie Engine Control Unit selon la terminologie anglaise), bien connue de l'homme du métier, et permet de réguler la quantité d'air introduite dans le moteur. According to one embodiment of the invention, upstream of the intake manifold 7 of the gases in the engine 2, the intake duct 4 comprises a valve 8 comprising a butterfly valve whose function is to regulate the flow rate of the fuel. gas for the regulation of the engine speed. This valve 8 is controlled by a motor control unit (also called ECU which means Engine Control Unit according to the English terminology), well known to those skilled in the art, and allows to regulate the amount of air introduced into the engine.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la vanne 8 papillon est en amont du compresseur électrique 5. According to one embodiment of the invention, the butterfly valve 8 is upstream of the electric compressor 5.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la vanne 8 papillon est en aval du compresseur électrique 5. La sortie du moteur 2 est formée par un collecteur 9 des gaz d'échappement. Ce dernier est relié à une voie ou canalisation d'échappement des gaz faisant partie du circuit d'échappement de gaz. According to one embodiment of the invention, the butterfly valve is downstream of the electric compressor. The output of the engine 2 is formed by a manifold 9 of the exhaust gas. The latter is connected to a gas escape channel or channel forming part of the gas exhaust system.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le circuit d'échappement 10 comporte une turbine 121, solidaire en rotation du compresseur mécanique 111 des gaz d'admission et formant avec lui un turbocompresseur. La turbine 121 est entraînée par les gaz d'échappement de la voie d'échappement, dont le flux est schématisé par la flèche F2. Selon un mode de réalisation, le flux traverse le catalyseur 122. According to one embodiment of the invention, the exhaust circuit 10 comprises a turbine 121, integral in rotation with the mechanical compressor 111 of the intake gases and forming with it a turbocharger. The turbine 121 is driven by the exhaust gas from the exhaust path, whose flow is shown schematically by the arrow F2. According to one embodiment, the flow passes through the catalyst 122.
Comme illustré sur la figure 1, l'ensemble 1 comprend un compresseur électrique 5. Ce compresseur 5 est entraîné par un moteur électrique. Le compresseur électrique 5 est disposé dans la boucle du conduit d'admission 4. As illustrated in Figure 1, the assembly 1 comprises an electric compressor 5. This compressor 5 is driven by an electric motor. The electric compressor 5 is arranged in the loop of the intake duct 4.
Dans une première variante de l'invention, le compresseur électrique 5 est disposé en amont de l'échangeur de chaleur 6, et les gaz issus de l'échangeur de chaleur 6 débouchent en amont de la vanne 8 papillon puis dans le collecteur d'admission 7. Selon une autre variante de l'invention, le compresseur électrique 5 est disposé en amont du compresseur mécanique 111. In a first variant of the invention, the electric compressor 5 is disposed upstream of the heat exchanger 6, and the gases issuing from the heat exchanger 6 open upstream of the butterfly valve 8 and then into the collector. In another variant of the invention, the electric compressor 5 is disposed upstream of the mechanical compressor 111.
Selon un mode de réalisation de cette variante, le compresseur électrique 5 est disposé en amont de la vanne 8 papillon, entre l'échangeur de chaleur 6 et la vanne 8 papillon. Selon une autre variante de l'invention, le compresseur électrique 5 est disposé en aval de la vanne 8 papillon. According to an embodiment of this variant, the electric compressor 5 is disposed upstream of the butterfly valve 8, between the heat exchanger 6 and the butterfly valve 8. According to another variant of the invention, the electric compressor 5 is disposed downstream of the butterfly valve.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le compresseur électrique 5 est intégré dans un circuit de contournement 510 (également appelé circuit by-pass selon la terminologie anglaise) comportant un moyen de contournement 52. Le compresseur électrique peut ainsi être court-circuité par ce système de contournement. According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric compressor 5 is integrated in a bypass circuit 510 (also called bypass circuit according to the English terminology) having a bypass means 52. The electric compressor can thus be short-circuited. by this bypass system.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, ce moyen de contournement 52 est par exemple une vanne papillon, une vanne à volet, une vanne à soupape, une vanne pneumatique ou tout autre type de vanne équivalente et compatible avec l'invention. Le circuit de dérivation 510 en association avec le moyen de contournement 52 permet en général aux gaz d'admission arrivant via le circuit d'admission 4 de circuler à travers le compresseur électrique ou bien de le contourner, par la fermeture ou l'ouverture du moyen de contournement 52. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de contournement 52 de type vanne est disposé sur un circuit de contournement 510, différent de celui du compresseur électrique 5 de façon à ce que lorsque la vanne 52 de dérivation est fermée les gaz d'admission soient dirigés vers le conduit 511 où est disposé le compresseur électrique 5. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de contournement est disposé sur le conduit de contournement et le compresseur électrique sur le conduit principal. In the context of the invention, this bypass means 52 is for example a butterfly valve, a shutter valve, a valve gate, a pneumatic valve or any other type of equivalent valve and compatible with the invention. The branch circuit 510 in combination with the bypass means 52 generally allows intake gases arriving via the intake circuit 4 to circulate through the electric compressor or to bypass it, by closing or opening the bypass means 52 According to one embodiment of the invention, the valve-type bypass means 52 is disposed on a bypass circuit 510, different from that of the electric compressor 5 so that when the bypass valve 52 is closed the gases Intake is directed to the duct 511 where is placed the electric compressor 5. According to one embodiment of the invention, the bypass means is disposed on the bypass duct and the electric compressor on the main duct.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de contournement est disposé sur le conduit principal et le compresseur électrique sur le conduit de contournement. According to another embodiment of the invention, the bypass means is disposed on the main conduit and the electric compressor on the bypass duct.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de contournement est disposé sur le même conduit principal ou de contournement, que le compresseur électrique, et une vanne supplémentaire est disposée dans le conduit de contournement ou le conduit principal. Ainsi en dehors des phases de transition, ou de manière générale des phases ne nécessitant pas l'utilisation du compresseur électrique 5, les gaz d'admission circulent dans le conduit 510 et ne traversent pas le compresseur électrique 5. According to another embodiment of the invention, the bypass means is disposed on the same main or bypass duct, as the electric compressor, and an additional valve is disposed in the bypass duct or the main duct. Thus, apart from the transition phases, or generally phases that do not require the use of the electric compressor 5, the inlet gases circulate in the conduit 510 and do not pass through the electric compressor 5.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, lorsque la vanne 52 de dérivation est ouverte les gaz d'admission circulent dans le conduit 510 et à travers le compresseur électrique 5. According to one embodiment of the invention, when the bypass valve 52 is open, the inlet gases circulate in the duct 510 and through the electric compressor 5.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, le pilotage de la vanne 52 de contournement est intégré dans le compresseur électrique 5. Plus précisément, le compresseur électrique 5 comporte au moins une partie de l'électronique de contrôle de la vanne de contournement 52. In the context of the invention, the control of the bypass valve 52 is integrated in the electric compressor 5. More precisely, the electric compressor 5 comprises at least a portion of the control electronics of the bypass valve 52.
Le contrôle de la vanne de contournement est réalisé par des moyens de contrôle 53 de la vanne 52. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de contrôle 53 de la vanneControl of the bypass valve is performed by control means 53 of the valve 52. According to one embodiment of the invention, the control means 53 of the valve
52 sont disposés dans l'électronique du compresseur 1. 52 are arranged in the electronics of the compressor 1.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'ensemble moteur comporte un circuit de recirculation 9 des gaz d'échappements. Ce circuit comporte un échangeur de chaleur 91 pour les gaz recirculés et une vanne de recirculation 90, dont le fonctionnement n'est pas décrit ici car connu de l'homme du métier. According to one embodiment of the invention, the motor assembly comprises a recirculation circuit 9 of the exhaust gases. This circuit comprises a heat exchanger 91 for recirculated gases and a recirculation valve 90, whose operation is not described here because known to those skilled in the art.
Selon un mode de réalisation illustré figure 1, le circuit de recirculation 9 est disposé au niveau du conduit d'échappement 10 et débouche en amont du compresseur électrique 5. According to an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the recirculation circuit 9 is disposed at the level of the exhaust duct 10 and opens upstream of the electric compressor 5.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le circuit de recirculation 9 débouche en aval du compresseur. Le fonctionnement d'un tel système selon l'invention est le suivant. Lors de l'activation du compresseur électrique, le compresseur envoi une requête de fermeture à la vanne de contournement du compresseur 5. Lors d'une demande de désactivation du compresseur, le compresseur envoi une requête d'ouverture de la vanne de contournement. On entend par activation du compresseur, le fait que la consigne de vitesse est non nulle ou supérieure à la vitesse de ralenti, et par désactivation, le fait que la consigne de vitesse est nulle ou de l'ordre de la vitesse de ralenti. According to one embodiment of the invention, the recirculation circuit 9 opens downstream of the compressor. The operation of such a system according to the invention is as follows. Upon activation of the electric compressor, the compressor sends a closing request to the bypass valve of the compressor 5. When requesting a deactivation of the compressor, the compressor sends a request to open the bypass valve. By activation of the compressor is meant that the speed reference is non-zero or greater than the idle speed, and by deactivation, the fact that the speed reference is zero or of the order of the idle speed.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le contrôle minimum de la vanne de contournement du compresseur intégré au compresseur électrique peut être complexifié en prenant par exemple en compte des mesures effectuées par des capteurs présents sur le compresseur électrique, et par exemple des mesures de régime, de courant, de pressions ou encore de températures. Il est ainsi possible d'assurer à la fois un pilotage plus fin du compresseur et de la vanne du compresseur en fonction des conditions réelles de fonctionnement, ainsi que d'assurer des fonctions de protection de ces composants. Les figures 2a et 2b illustrent les résultats obtenus avec une vanne de contournement selon l'invention. , 2a pression aval compresseur et 2b puissance du compresseur par rapport à la position de la vanne, avec et sans utilisation du compresseur. Ces résultats sont obtenus par une étude de simulation effectuée sur un moteur essence 1.9L tGDI, muni d'un circuit de recirculation des gaz d'échappement basse pression refroidi et d'un compresseur électrique avec vanne de recirculation situé en amont du compresseur. According to one embodiment of the invention, the minimum control of the bypass valve of the compressor integrated in the electric compressor can be made more complex by taking for example measurements made by sensors present on the electric compressor, and for example measurements of regime, current, pressures or temperatures. It is thus possible to ensure both a finer control of the compressor and the compressor valve according to the actual operating conditions, as well as to provide protective functions of these components. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate the results obtained with a bypass valve according to the invention. , 2a compressor downstream pressure and 2b compressor power relative to the valve position, with and without compressor operation. These results are obtained by a simulation study carried out on a 1.9L tGDI gasoline engine, equipped with a cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation circuit and an electric compressor with recirculation valve located upstream of the compressor.
Le compresseur et la vanne de contournement sont pilotés sur la base de lois de commande simplifiée. Lors d'une demande d'activation du compresseur, le compresseur reçoit une requête d'augmentation de sa vitesse de rotation et la vanne de contournement reçoit une requête de fermeture. A l'inverse, lorsque l'activation du compresseur n'est plus nécessaire, la requête de régime du compresseur redevient le régime de ralenti et la vanne de contournement reçoit une consigne d'ouverture. Ces résultats illustrent une meilleure efficacité du compresseur avec la vanne de contournement. Ces résultats mettent également en évidence l'intérêt de l'intégration du pilotage de la vanne de contournement pour des aspects de protection du compresseur, par exemple vis-à-vis des zones de pompage en limitant l'aspiration d'huile. The compressor and the bypass valve are controlled on the basis of simplified control laws. During a compressor activation request, the compressor receives a request to increase its speed of rotation and the bypass valve receives a closing request. Conversely, when the activation of the compressor is no longer necessary, the compressor speed request becomes the idle speed and the bypass valve receives an opening instruction. These results illustrate a better efficiency of the compressor with the bypass valve. These results also highlight the advantage of integrating the control of the bypass valve for compressor protection aspects, for example vis-à-vis the pumping areas by limiting the oil suction.
La portée de la présente invention ne se limite pas aux détails donnés ci-dessus et permet des modes de réalisation sous de nombreuses autres formes spécifiques sans s'éloigner du domaine d'application de l'invention. Par conséquent, les présents modes de réalisation doivent être considérés à titre d'illustration, et peuvent être modifiés sans toutefois sortir de la portée définie par les revendications. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the details given above and allows embodiments in many other specific forms without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present embodiments should be considered by way of illustration, and may be modified without departing from the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Ensemble (1) comprenant : un conduit d'admission (4) s'étendant entre une entrée (11) d'air et un moteur thermique (2), un moteur thermique (2), un compresseur électrique (5) disposé sur le conduit d'admission, un circuit de contournement (510) du compresseur électrique, une vanne de contournement du compresseur électrique (5) disposée sur le circuit de contournement (510), le compresseur électrique (5) étant configuré pour permettre le pilotage de la vanne de contournement (52). An assembly (1) comprising: an intake duct (4) extending between an inlet (11) of air and a heat engine (2), a heat engine (2), an electric compressor (5) arranged on the intake duct, a bypass circuit (510) of the electric compressor, a bypass valve of the electric compressor (5) disposed on the bypass circuit (510), the electric compressor (5) being configured to allow the piloting of the bypass valve (52).
2. Ensemble (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la vanne de contournement (52) est une vanne papillon, une vanne à volet, une vanne à soupape ou une vanne pneumatique. 2. The assembly (1) of claim 1, wherein the bypass valve (52) is a butterfly valve, a shutter valve, a valve gate or a pneumatic valve.
3. Ensemble (1) selon une des revendications 1 à 2, dans lequel le pilotage est réalisé par des moyens de pilotage (53). 3. Assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the control is performed by control means (53).
4. Ensemble (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les moyens de pilotage (53) sont intégrés à l'électronique du compresseur électrique (5). 4. The assembly (1) according to claim 3, wherein the control means (53) are integrated in the electronics of the electric compressor (5).
5. Ensemble (1) selon une des revendications 1 à 4, comportant un circuit de recirculation (9) des gaz d'échappements. 5. Assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a recirculation circuit (9) of the exhaust gas.
6. Ensemble (1) selon une des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant un échangeur de chaleur (6) disposé sur le conduit d'admission (4). 6. Assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a heat exchanger (6) disposed on the intake duct (4).
7. Ensemble (1) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le compresseur électrique (5) est disposé en amont de l'échangeur de chaleur, et en amont d'une vanne (8) disposée dans le circuit d'admission. 7. The assembly (1) according to claim 6, wherein the electric compressor (5) is disposed upstream of the heat exchanger, and upstream of a valve (8) disposed in the intake circuit.
8. Ensemble (1) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le compresseur électrique (5) est disposé en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur, et en amont d'une vanne (8) disposée dans le circuit d'admission. 8. Assembly (1) according to claim 6, wherein the electric compressor (5) is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger, and upstream of a valve (8) disposed in the intake circuit.
9. Ensemble (1) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le compresseur électrique (5) est disposé en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur, et en aval d'une vanne (8) disposée dans le circuit d'admission. 9. Assembly (1) according to claim 6, wherein the electric compressor (5) is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger, and downstream of a valve (8) disposed in the intake circuit.
10. Utilisation de l'ensemble (1) selon une des revendications 1 à 9, dans un moteur à combustion interne pour véhicule automobile. 10. Use of the assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, in an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle.
EP16763792.5A 2015-09-09 2016-09-09 Electric compressor with bypass valve Withdrawn EP3347581A1 (en)

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FR1558375A FR3040743B1 (en) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 ELECTRIC COMPRESSOR WITH BYPASS VALVE
PCT/EP2016/071266 WO2017042311A1 (en) 2015-09-09 2016-09-09 Electric compressor with bypass valve

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JP2014234808A (en) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-15 日産自動車株式会社 Device and method for exhaust gas recirculation of internal combustion engine with supercharger
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