EP3336252A1 - Materiau de remplissage de gazon artificiel comportant une partie vulcanisée et des fibres naturelles - Google Patents

Materiau de remplissage de gazon artificiel comportant une partie vulcanisée et des fibres naturelles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3336252A1
EP3336252A1 EP16204504.1A EP16204504A EP3336252A1 EP 3336252 A1 EP3336252 A1 EP 3336252A1 EP 16204504 A EP16204504 A EP 16204504A EP 3336252 A1 EP3336252 A1 EP 3336252A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
artificial turf
fiber
infill
natural
vulcanized portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16204504.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jörg Siekmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Melos GmbH
Original Assignee
Melos GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Melos GmbH filed Critical Melos GmbH
Priority to EP16204504.1A priority Critical patent/EP3336252A1/fr
Priority to EP16207159.1A priority patent/EP3276073A1/fr
Priority to MA042227A priority patent/MA42227A/fr
Priority to MA045767A priority patent/MA45767A/fr
Priority to NZ749350A priority patent/NZ749350A/en
Priority to CA3027315A priority patent/CA3027315A1/fr
Priority to EP17740037.1A priority patent/EP3491184A1/fr
Priority to CA3027790A priority patent/CA3027790A1/fr
Priority to US16/316,914 priority patent/US20190292731A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/068546 priority patent/WO2018019735A1/fr
Priority to US16/316,232 priority patent/US20190242071A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/068542 priority patent/WO2018019733A1/fr
Priority to KR1020197000807A priority patent/KR20190016574A/ko
Priority to JP2019501429A priority patent/JP2019525983A/ja
Priority to AU2017304472A priority patent/AU2017304472B2/en
Priority to CN201780042782.7A priority patent/CN109477293A/zh
Priority to KR1020197000657A priority patent/KR20190016094A/ko
Priority to EP17739621.5A priority patent/EP3455408A1/fr
Priority to AU2017304474A priority patent/AU2017304474B2/en
Priority to CN201780042720.6A priority patent/CN109642401A/zh
Priority to MA044982A priority patent/MA44982A/fr
Priority to JP2019501438A priority patent/JP2019522133A/ja
Publication of EP3336252A1 publication Critical patent/EP3336252A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to artificial turf, in particular to artificial turfs with infill and also infill for artificial turf.
  • Artificial turf or artificial grass is surface that is made up of fibers which is used to replace grass.
  • the structure of the artificial turf is designed such that the artificial turf has an appearance which resembles grass.
  • artificial turf is used as a surface for sports such as soccer, American football, rugby, tennis, golf, for playing fields, or exercise fields.
  • artificial turf is frequently used for landscaping applications.
  • Artificial turf may be manufactured using techniques for manufacturing carpets. For example artificial turf fibers which have the appearance of grass blades may be tufted or attached to a backing. Often times artificial turf infill is placed between the artificial turf fibers. Artificial turf infill is a granular material that covers the bottom portion of the artificial turf fibers. The use of artificial turf infill may have a number of advantages. For example, artificial turf infill may help the artificial turf fibers stand up straight. Artificial turf infill may also absorb impact from walking or running and provide an experience similar to being on real turf. The artificial turf infill may also help to keep the artificial turf carpet flat and in place by weighting it down.
  • European Patent EP 2 206 833 A1 discloses a method for producing a particulate infill material for synthetic-grass structures envisages providing a mass of thermoplastic material with a filler consisting of coconut-based material and subjecting said mass of thermoplastic material with the filler consisting of coconut-based material to granulation so as to obtain the aforesaid particulate infill material.
  • the thermoplastic material is in particulate form
  • the coconut-based material is in particulate form (fibrous, ground and/or shredded).
  • the mixture obtained by mixing the thermoplastic material and the coconut-based material is preferentially heated in order to bring about softening of the thermoplastic material with the corresponding formation of a matrix of thermoplastic material that incorporates the coconut-based material as filler.
  • the invention provides for an artificial turf, a method, and an artificial turf infill in the independent claims. Embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
  • the invention provides for an artificial turf comprising an artificial turf infill.
  • the artificial turf infill comprises composite infill components.
  • the composite infill components comprise natural fiber and a vulcanized portion.
  • the natural fiber is at least partially embedded in the vulcanized portion.
  • the combination of the natural fiber and the vulcanized portion in the artificial turf infill may offer several advantages.
  • One potential advance is that the natural fiber may reduce the cost of the artificial turf infill.
  • Natural fibers is a suitable infill material and can be used to reduce the amount of the vulcanized portion that is used.
  • the natural fiber comprises any one of the following: hemp fiber, sisal fiber, cotton fiber, burlap fiber, elephant grass fiber, cellulose fiber, and combinations thereof.
  • Having the natural fiber embedded within the vulcanized portion may have the advantage that the natural fiber does not become unmixed with the rest of the artificial turf infill. For example if natural fiber and the vulcanized portion were mixed loosely together over a period of time and being exposed to rain and water for example the natural fiber may have a tendency to go on top of the vulcanized portion and separate out. Having the natural fiber at least partially embedded in the vulcanized portion may prevent this.
  • Another potential advantage is that natural fiber has a relatively high specific heat in comparison to other materials which are commonly used for artificial turf infill. If the artificial turf is exposed to warm air or to sunlight the use of the natural fiber may help to reduce heating of the artificial turf and the artificial turf infill overall. This may make for a safer and more pleasant playing surface.
  • natural fiber has high water absorbance and therefore the capacity to hold large amounts of water. Before a game is played on the artificial turf it may be possible to spray or sprinkle water onto the artificial turf. During the period of the game water which is contained in the natural fiber may slowly evaporate helping to keep the entire artificial turf surface cool during a game.
  • the natural fiber consists any one of the following: hemp fiber, sisal fiber, cotton fiber, burlap fiber, elephant grass fiber, cellulose fiber, and combinations thereof.
  • the composite infill components comprise 10% to 40% of the natural fiber by weight.
  • the vulcanized portion comprises a vulcanization of ethylene propylene diene monomer (M-class) rubber (EPDM) granulate, mineral oil, and sulfur.
  • M-class ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • a mineral oil as used herein encompasses a transparent, colorless oil composed mainly of alkanes and cycloalkanes.
  • a potential advantage is that the natural fibers listed are compatible with vulcanization processes. For example these natural fibers are able to survive a vulcanization process at 180° C. Additionally, these natural fibers have a relatively low lignin content. This enables it to be compatible with the vulcanization process. Other fibers such as wool or coconut may have a high lignin content. They may have an adverse reaction during the vulcanization process which causes them to have a very strong odor.
  • An advantage to using a vulcanization process is that the bond between the natural fiber and the vulcanized portion is very strong. Wool and/or coconut fibers could be attached to an infill material, but they may be less durable than natural fibers embedded in the vulcanized portion.
  • hemp may also be beneficial because hemp is naturally resistant to fungi in comparison with coconut fibers. Hemp also has the benefit of being very skin friendly. Hemp is less abrasive and/or prickly than many other natural fibers such as wood chips or coconut fibers.
  • hemp as an infill material may also be beneficial because it has superior damping and shock absorption properties.
  • a player who falls on an aritifical turf with an infill according to an embodiment may in some cases be less likely to be hurt than if the player fell on an artificial turf that had a predominantly coconut fiber based infill.
  • the vulcanization further comprises a filler material.
  • a filler material may be beneficial because it may be useful for reducing the cost of using the EPDM granulate.
  • the filler material comprises any one of the following: kaolinite, chalk, and combinations thereof.
  • kaolinite any one of the following: kaolinite, chalk, and combinations thereof.
  • the use of these materials may be beneficial because they are both compatible with the vulcanization process and also when natural fibers are present.
  • the composite infill component comprises 15-25% of the EPDM granulate by weight.
  • composite infill components comprise 23-26% of the mineral oil by weight.
  • composite infill components comprise 50-55% of the filler material by weight.
  • the vulcanized portion has a jagged surface.
  • the presence of the jagged surface may be beneficial because it may help to keep the artificial turf infill in a fixed position relative to the other portions of the infill material.
  • the natural fiber has a maximum diameter of 1 mm.
  • the natural fiber has a maximum length of 0.3 cm.
  • the natural fiber has a maximum length of 0.5 cm.
  • the natural fiber has a maximum length of 1 cm.
  • the vulcanized portion further comprises a polyethylene based dye and a compatibilizer.
  • a polyethylene based dye and a compatibilizer.
  • the use of the polyethylene based dye with the compatibilizer may be beneficial because polyethylene based dyes may be able to impart a lifelike appearance or color on the artificial turf infill.
  • the vulcanized portion further comprises any one of the following: a vulcanization catalyst and mercaptobenzothiazole.
  • a vulcanization catalyst and mercaptobenzothiazole.
  • the use of either of these components in the vulcanized portion may increase the quality of the resulting artificial turf infill.
  • the vulcanized portion comprises cavities formed by ripping natural fibers from the vulcanized portion. This may be beneficial because it may make the surface of the vulcanized portion more irregular and enable it to interlock with other portions of the artificial turf infill better and/or also to have a larger surface area for containing water when it has been wetted to keep it cool.
  • the vulcanized portion has a diameter between 0.5 and 5 mm.
  • the vulcanized portion has a diameter between 0.7 and 4 mm.
  • the vulcanized portion has a diameter between 0.8 and 3 mm.
  • the artificial turf comprises an artificial turf carpet.
  • the artificial turf further comprises a sprinkler system.
  • a sprinkler system may be beneficial because it may provide for a means of conveniently wetting an artificial turf surface with water.
  • the natural fibers may retain some of the water and may slowly evaporate it thus keeping the artificial turf cool even when it is in strong sunlight.
  • the natural fiber comprises fibers with a length between 0.01 mm and 5 mm long.
  • the natural fiber comprises fibers with a length between 0.01 and 1.5 mm long.
  • the invention provides for a method of at least partially manufacturing an artificial turf surface.
  • the method comprises mixing multiple components to form a master batch.
  • the multiple components comprise EPDM granulate, natural fibers, sulfur, and mineral oil.
  • the method further comprises forming the master batch into a plate.
  • a plate as used herein encompasses a master batch that has been compressed.
  • the method further comprises vulcanizing the plate.
  • the method further comprises granulating the plate to provide the artificial turf infill. During the granulation process the vulcanized plate may be ripped into smaller pieces that form the vulcanized portion.
  • the natural fibers were dispersed randomly within the vulcanized plate. By granulating some of the natural fibers will be ripped from a portion of the vulcanized portion. In the majority of the cases at least a portion of the natural fiber will be attached to a vulcanized portion.
  • the method further comprises installing an artificial turf carpet on a surface.
  • the artificial turf carpet comprises a pile.
  • the method further comprises spreading the artificial turf infill within the pile.
  • the method further comprises milling the natural fibers in the mineral oil before adding the natural fibers to the master batch.
  • the milling of the natural fibers in the mineral oil may provide several advantages. A large advantage is that the natural fibers are less likely to be ground into very small portions such as dust. Milling them in the mineral oil therefore helps to produce an artificial turf infill with more uniform and in tact natural fiber that has been reduced in size.
  • the mineral oil is also the same mineral oil which may be used in producing the vulcanized portion. The mineral oil therefore fulfills two requirements in this one manufacturing process.
  • the method further comprises adding any one of the following to the master batch: a filler material, a dye dissolved in polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, a vulcanization catalyst and/or mercaptobenzothiazole, and combinations thereof.
  • the granulation of the plate comprises grinding, cutting and/or shredding of the plate.
  • the artificial turf infill comprises composite infill components.
  • the composite infill components comprise natural fibers and a vulcanized portion.
  • the natural fibers are at least partially embedded in the vulcanized portion.
  • the vulcanized portion comprises a vulcanization of EPDM granulate, mineral oil, and sulfur.
  • Figs. 1-4 illustrate several examples of a composite infill component for artificial turf.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first example.
  • a natural fiber 102 that is partially embedded in a vulcanized portion 104.
  • the views in Figs. 1-3 are cross-sectional views and the view in Fig. 4 is a photograph.
  • the composite infill components are made by shredding or grinding a larger vulcanized plate of material. Some of the fibers can be ripped from portions of the composite infill components when they are manufactured.
  • Fig. 1 there is a cavity 108 that has been formed by pulling a natural fiber from the vulcanized portion 104 during manufacture.
  • the surface of the vulcanized portion 104 may also be rough 106 due to the manufacturing process.
  • the natural fiber 102 has a volume that is several times smaller than the vulcanized portion 104.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further example where the vulcanized portion 104 is much larger than the natural fibers 102, 102'.
  • the vulcanized portion 104 is so large that there are some fibers 102' which are totally embedded in the vulcanized portion 104.
  • An advantage of using the natural fibers 102, 102' is that they absorb water. This may help to make the artificial turf surface seem more realistic and softer and may also have the effect of storing water to reduce the temperature of the playing surface.
  • the fibers which are totally embedded in the vulcanized portion 104 are not able to absorb water, however the cost of natural fiber is considerably less than the cost of the vulcanized portion.
  • the natural fiber that is embedded 102' may serve to reduce the cost of the composite infill components.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example where the natural fiber 102 has a volume that is comparable to the vulcanized portion 104.
  • Fig. 4 shows a photograph of three composite infill components 100.
  • the composite component in the upper right corner corresponds to the situation in Fig. 3 .
  • the vulcanized portion 104 has a volume which is comparable to the volume of the embedded natural fiber 102.
  • the other composite infill components 102 are shown as having much smaller natural fibers 102 that are partially exposed from the surface of the vulcanized portion 104.
  • the examples which are shown in the photographs of Fig. 4 is an example where the composite infill components are made from a vulcanized EPDM and 20% natural fibers.
  • Fig. 5 shows a sieve curve that illustrates the size of the composite infill components manufactured as they are depicted in Fig. 4 .
  • the x-axis shows the size distribution of the particles in millimeters and the y-axis shows the percentage of the total number of particles by wt. It can be seen that the majority of the composite infill components have a sieve size of between 2 and 2.5 mm.
  • Fig. 6 compares several properties of the composite infill component depicted in Fig. 4 in comparison to composite infill manufactured from EPDM alone.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the increase in the ability of the composite infill component to absorb water and thereby reduce the temperature of an artificial turf surface exposed to sunlight.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates that the addition of the 20% natural fiber to the infill component increase the water absorption by 59%.
  • the surface Before an artificial turf surface is used for playing for example a game, the surface can be hosed down or made wet with sprinklers. As the sun shines on the surface the evaporation of water will serve to help cool the playing surface. During a typical day when it is sunny it can be seen that the temperature reduction is approximately 25°C.
  • the use of the natural fibers also helps to reduce the temperature because the natural fibers have a comparatively large specific heat in comparison to the EPDM or the polymers that may be used for making artificial turf.
  • the natural fibers do not heat very quickly and help to isolate other components of the artificial turf from being heated.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the manufacture of an artificial turf using an artificial turf carpet and artificial turf infill.
  • an artificial turf carpet 700 can be seen.
  • the artificial turf carpet 700 comprises a backing 702.
  • the artificial turf carpet 700 shown in Fig. 7 is a tufted artificial turf carpet in this example.
  • the artificial turf carpet is formed by artificial turf fiber tufts 704 that are tufted into the backing 702.
  • the artificial turf fiber tufts 704 are tufted in rows.
  • the artificial turf fiber tufts 704 also extent a distance above the backing 702.
  • the distance that the fibers 704 extend above the backing 702 is the pile height 708.
  • the artificial turf carpet 700 has been installed by placing or attaching it to the ground 710 or a floor.
  • the artificial turf 800 a infill made up of composite infill components 101 such as is shown in Figs. 1 through 4 that are spread out on the surface and distributed between the artificial turf fiber tufts 704.
  • Fig. 8 shows the artificial turf carpet 700 after artificial turf infill 802 has been spread out and distributed between the artificial turf fiber tufts 704.
  • the artificial turf infill 802 comprises the composite infill components 100.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a method of manufacturing composite infill components for artificial turf infill.
  • the natural fiber is optionally combined with the mineral oil and is then milled.
  • the milling of the natural fiber with the mineral oil may be beneficial because it may prevent the natural fiber from producing a large amount of dust.
  • the multiple components are mixed to form a master batch.
  • the master batch may, for example, comprise for example EPDM granulate, natural fibers, sulfur, and mineral oil.
  • the master batch may be formed 904 into a solid form.
  • the solid form may be vulcanized 906. Steps 904 and 906 may in some cases be performed at the same time.
  • the Master batch could for example be placed into a plate vulcanizer and compressed.
  • the master batch could also be put through an extruder that vulcanizes the master batch as it is extruded.
  • the solid form After the solid form has been vulcanized it is then granulated 908. For example the solid form may be cut, shredded or ground to provide the artificial turf infill. The artificial turf infill may be then used to manufacture an artificial turf as it is illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 .
  • Fig. 10 shows a further example of the artificial turf 800.
  • an automatic sprinkler system 1000 has been integrated into the artificial turf 800.
  • the sprinkler 1000 is depicted as spraying water 1002 on an upper surface of the artificial turf 800.
  • the use of an artificial sprinkler may be beneficial in combination with the composite infill component that comprises both the vulcanized portion and the natural fiber. As illustrated in Fig. 6 , the water may help to keep the surface of the artificial turf 700 cool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
EP16204504.1A 2016-07-27 2016-12-15 Materiau de remplissage de gazon artificiel comportant une partie vulcanisée et des fibres naturelles Withdrawn EP3336252A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (22)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204504.1A EP3336252A1 (fr) 2016-12-15 2016-12-15 Materiau de remplissage de gazon artificiel comportant une partie vulcanisée et des fibres naturelles
EP16207159.1A EP3276073A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2016-12-28 Remplissage de gazon artificiel comprenant des fibres naturelles revetues
MA042227A MA42227A (fr) 2016-07-27 2016-12-28 Remplissage de gazon artificiel comprenant des fibres naturelles revetues
MA045767A MA45767A (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Élément de remplissage de gazon artificiel avec une fibre naturelle revêtue
NZ749350A NZ749350A (en) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Artificial turf infill with coated natural fiber
CA3027315A CA3027315A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Remplissage de pelouse artificielle comprenant des fibres naturelles incorporees dans une partie vulcanisee
EP17740037.1A EP3491184A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Élément de remplissage de gazon artificiel avec une fibre naturelle revêtue
CA3027790A CA3027790A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Element de remplissage de gazon artificiel avec une fibre naturelle revetue
US16/316,914 US20190292731A1 (en) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Natural fiber coated artificial turf infill
PCT/EP2017/068546 WO2018019735A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Élément de remplissage de gazon artificiel avec une fibre naturelle revêtue
US16/316,232 US20190242071A1 (en) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Artificial turf infill comprising natural fibers embedded in a vulcanized portion
PCT/EP2017/068542 WO2018019733A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Remplissage de pelouse artificielle comprenant des fibres naturelles incorporées dans une partie vulcanisée
KR1020197000807A KR20190016574A (ko) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 천연 섬유가 코팅된 인공 잔디 충전재
JP2019501429A JP2019525983A (ja) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 コーティングされた天然繊維を用いた人工芝インフィル
AU2017304472A AU2017304472B2 (en) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Artificial turf infill comprising natural fibers embedded in a vulcanized portion
CN201780042782.7A CN109477293A (zh) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 天然纤维涂覆的人造草皮填充物
KR1020197000657A KR20190016094A (ko) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 가황된 부분 내에 임베드된 천연 섬유를 포함하는 인공 잔디 충전재
EP17739621.5A EP3455408A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Remplissage de pelouse artificielle comprenant des fibres naturelles incorporées dans une partie vulcanisée
AU2017304474A AU2017304474B2 (en) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Artificial turf infill with coated natural fiber
CN201780042720.6A CN109642401A (zh) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 具有包埋在硫化部分中的天然纤维的人造草皮填充物
MA044982A MA44982A (fr) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 Remplissage de pelouse artificielle comprenant des fibres naturelles incorporées dans une partie vulcanisée
JP2019501438A JP2019522133A (ja) 2016-07-27 2017-07-21 加硫された部分に包埋された天然繊維を含む人工芝インフィル

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204504.1A EP3336252A1 (fr) 2016-12-15 2016-12-15 Materiau de remplissage de gazon artificiel comportant une partie vulcanisée et des fibres naturelles

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EP3336252A1 true EP3336252A1 (fr) 2018-06-20

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EP16204504.1A Withdrawn EP3336252A1 (fr) 2016-07-27 2016-12-15 Materiau de remplissage de gazon artificiel comportant une partie vulcanisée et des fibres naturelles

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020188609A1 (fr) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Roberto Nusca Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'un matériau végétal à utiliser comme matériau de remplissage pour des gazons synthétiques et/ou naturels

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020048676A1 (en) * 1998-07-22 2002-04-25 Mcdaniel Robert R. Low density composite proppant, filtration media, gravel packing media, and sports field media, and methods for making and using same
WO2007010324A1 (fr) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-25 Italgreen S.P.A. Structure de gazon artificiel et son procede de fabrication
EP2206833A1 (fr) 2009-01-12 2010-07-14 Mondo S.p.A. Méthode de production d'un matériau de remplissage pour gazon artificiel, ainsi que matériau de remplissage et gazon artificiel correspondants

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020048676A1 (en) * 1998-07-22 2002-04-25 Mcdaniel Robert R. Low density composite proppant, filtration media, gravel packing media, and sports field media, and methods for making and using same
WO2007010324A1 (fr) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-25 Italgreen S.P.A. Structure de gazon artificiel et son procede de fabrication
EP2206833A1 (fr) 2009-01-12 2010-07-14 Mondo S.p.A. Méthode de production d'un matériau de remplissage pour gazon artificiel, ainsi que matériau de remplissage et gazon artificiel correspondants

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020188609A1 (fr) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Roberto Nusca Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'un matériau végétal à utiliser comme matériau de remplissage pour des gazons synthétiques et/ou naturels
CN113614308A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2021-11-05 R·努斯卡 用于处理待用作合成草皮和/或天然草皮的填充材料的植物材料的方法和设备

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