EP3335765A1

EP3335765A1 - Emergency filter system for ventilated hood

Info

Publication number: EP3335765A1
Application number: EP16204513.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christophe Chessari; Swan Tuffery
Original assignee: Honeywell International Inc
Current assignee: Honeywell International Inc
Priority date: 2016-12-15
Filing date: 2016-12-15
Publication date: 2018-06-20

Abstract

A ventilated hood (202) having an external air flow hose (101) and comprising a filter (106) incorporated in the ventilated hood (202), and a seal (108), wherein when the seal (108) is intact, air does not flow through the filter (106).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

None.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND

Protective suits may be worn in contaminated areas to protect the wearer of the suit. For example, workers may wear a protective suit while working inside of a nuclear powered electrical generating plant or in the presence of radioactive materials. A protective suit may be a one-time use type of system, wherein after a single use the suit is disposed of. A protective suit may receive breathing air during normal operating conditions via an external air flow hose connected to the suit. The air may be supplied, for example, by a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) that may be carried by the user. Protective suits and associated clothing such as hoods are required for use in a wide variety of circumstances and as such there is not necessarily an optimum form of protection suitable for all uses. Indeed each specific use will normally entail a separate risk assessment and evaluation of the level of protection to be achieved and the level of encumbrance acceptable for the protective equipment. Hence, there is a need to provides alternative forms of protection so as to increase the choices available to the end-user so that in any given instance the possibilities of choosing optimal equipment in any given assessment is increased. Similarly, it is not always necessary to provide full suit protection and suitably sub-components of a suit can be usefully provided and may, for example, give reduced encumbrance compared to a full suit. Even so improved safety and reliability are still problems which can be usefully addressed.

SUMMARY

The present invention in its various aspects is as set out in the appended claims. In a first aspect of the present invention, a ventilated hood is disclosed. The ventilated hood comprises an external air flow hose coupled to the ventilated hood, a filter incorporated in the ventilated hood, the filter having an exterior face and an interior face, where the exterior face of the filter faces towards an exterior of the ventilated hood and wherein the interior face of the filter faces towards an interior of the ventilated hood, a first seal coupled to one of the exterior of the ventilated hood or the exterior face of the filter, a head enclosure, and a collar coupled to the external air flow hose and configured to inflate in response to air flow in the external air flow hose to impede infiltration of contaminants from an external environment to an interior of the head enclosure. This combination of features provides an alternative form of ventilated hood for improved protection. The use of such a hood with the associated collar provides localized head protection with acceptable sealing against the external environment whilst providing minimum encumbrance to the user. The collar preferably positioned so as to be proximal to the neck of a user so as to seal between the ventilated hood and the neck when inflated when in use. On inflation, the collar may by take up space between the ventilated hood and the neck of the user so as to provide an improved seal.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method of using a ventilated hood according to the first aspect is disclosed. The method comprises donning a ventilated hood, the ventilated hood having an external air flow hose, a filter incorporated in the ventilated hood, and a first seal, wherein when the first seal is intact, air does not flow out through the filter from an interior of the ventilated hood, after donning the ventilated hood, breaching the first seal, and after breaching the first seal, inhaling air received from the filter. This combination of features provides a use of alternative form of ventilated hood for improved protection. The ventilated hood of the present invention as thus used provides improved ergonomics in being equipped and the collar coupled to the external air flow hose and when operated to inflate in response to air flow in the external air flow hose provides a self-adjusting seal with good ergonomics and low encumbrance whilst impeding infiltration of contaminants from an external environment to an interior of the head enclosure.
These and other features will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, reference is now made to the following brief description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts.

FIG. 1 illustrates an emergency air breathing apparatus for use with a ventilated hood according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 2A illustrates a sealed air filter according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 2B illustrates an unsealed air filter according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 2C illustrates an air flow of an emergency air breathing apparatus coupled to a ventilated hood according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 3 illustrates an emergency air breathing apparatus for use with a ventilated hood according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B illustrate a ventilated hood worn by a human being according to embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B illustrate aspects of a ventilated hood according to embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B illustrate aspects of a ventilated hood according to embodiments of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It should be understood at the outset that although illustrative implementations of one or more embodiments are illustrated below, the disclosed systems and methods may be implemented using any number of techniques, whether currently known or not yet in existence. The term embodiments is to be understood as meaning that features may still be combined rather than illustrating mutually exclusive features of the invention. The disclosure is not necessarily limited to the illustrative implementations, drawings, and techniques illustrated below.
Known protective suits may have one or more shortcomings. Some protective suits have only a single primary source of breathable air, for example a source of breathable air provided by coupling to a breathable air manifold or provided by a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) and do not provide an emergency air source for use when the primary source of breathable air fails. When a sole source of air fails, CO₂ levels may increase to dangerous levels inside the protective suit before a user of the suit can evacuate the hazardous air environment to a safe air environment. Other protective suits have a primary and an emergency source of breathable air but are fully encapsulated, full body length suits and hence possibly unnecessarily confining to worker freedom of motion and/or unnecessarily expensive. What is needed is a ventilated hood that provides both a primary source of breathable air and an emergency source of breathable air, that provides enhanced worker freedom of motion (i.e., gives less encumbrance) relative to a fully encapsulated protective suit, and that is less expensive than a fully encapsulated protective suit. Similarly, a ventilated hood is required which is more easily donned. The present invention addresses the above problems. The present invention is illustrated in the detailed description particularly so.
A ventilated hood is described herein. The ventilated hood may be implemented in a variety of embodiments. The ventilated hood receives a primary supply of breathable air form an external air hose and provides an alternative emergency breathing apparatus that provides an alternative supply of breathable air through a filter. This provides improved safety and reliability, such as whilst also reducing encumbrance. The ventilated hood may be used by a human being working in a work environment that may contain particulate contaminants and/or chemical contaminants that pose a health risk if the contaminants are inhaled by the human being. Without limitation, such environments may include nuclear power plants, nuclear material handling facilities, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, asbestos removal projects, and others.
In an embodiment, a powered air purifying respirator carried by the human being may provide the primary supply of breathable air through the external air hose to the ventilated hood. Alternatively, a breathable air network may provide taps at different points in a work environment, and the human being may attach the external air hose provided at such a tap to the ventilated hood for supplying air to that hood. If the primary supply of breathable air fails, the human being may employ the emergency breathing apparatus to breathe safely. It is expected that the human, when normal air flow fails, will begin returning to a safe area shortly after the normal air flow source fails, and hence it is contemplated that the emergency breathing apparatus will be used for relatively short time intervals, for example for less than 2 minutes, for less than 6 minutes, or for less than 10 minutes.
Turning now to FIG. 1, a first emergency breathing apparatus 104 is discussed. In an embodiment, the first emergency breathing apparatus 104 comprises a filter 106, a seal 108, a filter coupling 120, a breathing pipe coupling 122, a breathing pipe 124, and a mouth piece 126. It is understood that the first emergency breathing apparatus 104 may comprise other components that are not illustrated or described herein. In some contexts the filter 106 may be referred to as an air filter. The filter 106 may filter particulate matter and/or chemical material. The first emergency breathing apparatus 104 and/or the filter 106 may be said to be incorporated into a skin 102 of a ventilated hood discussed further below. Additionally, the view presented in FIG. 1 is schematic and not intended to represent relative sizes or scale of the illustrated components. The inside of the ventilated hood is to the right of the skin 102 and the outside of the ventilated hood is to the left of the skin 102 as illustrated in FIG. 1. The skin may be any extended surface that separates between an outside and an inside of the ventilated hood. Preferably, such a skin does not extend beyond that required to form a hood and as such does not normally extend below the torso of a user. The outside may be referred to in some contexts as the exterior of the ventilated hood and the inside of the ventilated hood may be referred to in some contexts as the interior of the ventilated hood. The exterior of the ventilated hood may also be referred to in some contexts as an external environment and/or a contaminated environment, for example an external contaminated work environment. The ventilated hood, in any of the embodiments disclosed herein, can be a single use ventilated hood, a limited use ventilated hood, and/or a reusable ventilated hood.
Under normal operation, that is when the user of the ventilated hood is breathing air provided via an external air hose, the seal 108 blocks flow into and out of the filter 106. This blockage by the seal 108 contributes to the air-tightness of the ventilated hood (e.g., when a collar of the ventilated hood is inflated by air flow in an external air flow hose 101) and promotes the efficiency of the ventilated hood. When emergency air supply is needed, the seal 108 is torn at least partially free of the skin 102 and/or free of the filter 106, opening a pathway for air to flow in through the filter 106, through the couplings 120, 122, up the breathing pipe 124, to the mouth piece 126. The portion of the filter 106 facing to the left in FIG. 1 may be referred to as an exterior face or an outside face of the filter 106; the portion of the filter 106 facing to the right in FIG. 1 may referred to as an interior face or an inside face of the filter 106.
In some embodiments, the emergency breathing apparatus 104 can pass through an additional crossing 135 such as a seal, barrier, or skin between the exterior of the filter 106 and the mouth piece 126. The crossing 135 can create a seal or substantially seal against the breathing pipe 124 to create a barrier. In some embodiments, the crossing 135 can be formed of a material used to form the hood and may serve as a structural support rather than being intended to form a seal. When the ventilated hood comprises an inflated collar, as described herein, the crossing 135 can represent one or more portions of the inflated collar. This may allow the emergency breathing apparatus 104 to be incorporated into a skirt of the ventilated hood and pass through the collar and into an interior of the ventilated hood. This further reduces encumbrance.
In an embodiment, the filter 106 may be a pancake type filter. Pancake type filters are known in the art and may take a variety of different forms. In an embodiment, a pancake type filter may be substantially cylindrical in shape where the height of the cylinder is less than the width or diameter of the cylinder. For example, in an embodiment, the height of the cylinder may be less than 20% of the width or diameter of the cylinder. Alternatively, in an embodiment, the height of the cylinder may be less than 10% of the width or diameter of the cylinder. While pancake filters may be generally circular in section, the pancake filter may be polygonal in section or elliptical in section. The filter 106 may be a P3 filter. Alternatively, the filter 106 may be a P2 filter. Alternatively, in an embodiment, the filter 106 may be a P1 filter. By providing interchangeable filter types the usefulness of the ventilated hood is increased across a variety of environments. As is known by one skilled in the art, a P3 filter may filter at least 99.95% of airborne particles; a P2 filter may filter at least 94% of airborne particles; and a P1 filter may filter at least 80% of airborne particles. In other embodiments, however, the filter 106 may be a different filter.
Turning now to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, further details related to the seal 108 and the filter 106 are described. In an embodiment, the seal 108 is secured in a sealing position by a tearable weld 150. In other embodiments, however, another means may be used to secure the seal 108, for example an adhesive. Tearable welds and non-tearable welds are generally known in the art. Without limitation, a tearable weld may be distinguished as being an attachment or coupling between two structures that yields or releases when a first one of the structures is pulled away from the second structure before either structure is damaged. By contrast, without limitation, a non-tearable weld may be distinguished as being an attachment or coupling between two structures such that damage to one of the structures is likely to occur if a first one of the structures is pulled away from the second structure before the non-tearable weld yields.
When the user of the ventilated hood wishes to use the first emergency breathing apparatus 104, the user may grasp the edge of the seal 108 and tear it downwards to breach the seal between the skin 102 and/or the filter 106 and the seal 108. It is understood that the term seal may be used to refer to the structure seal 108 that in part establishes a seal, meaning a barrier, between the exterior and interior of the ventilated hood as well as to refer to the state of the existence of the barrier. When the seal 108 blocks flow into and out of the filter 106, the seal established between the seal 108 and the skin 102 and/or the filter 106 may be said to be intact. In an embodiment, the seal 108 may also be secured to the skin 102 and/or the filter 106 by a non-tearable weld 152 or other structure. As shown in FIG. 2B, when the seal 108 is torn free from the tearable weld 150 to open the first emergency breathing apparatus 104, the non-tearable weld 152 may retain the seal 108 coupled to the ventilated hood so that the seal 108 is not separated. This provides a means for rapidly enabling filter operation, such as in an emergency and is facilitated by being part of a hood rather than a full suit as a lower impediment to quick action and less encumbrance is present. If the seal 108 were completely separated, it may fall and create a foreign material incident (FMI) in a contaminated area. In another embodiment, however, the seal 108 may not be retained by the non-tearable weld 152.
Turning now to FIG. 2C, the flow of air using the first emergency breathing apparatus 104 is described. As illustrated in FIG. 2C, the seal 108 has been torn free from the tearable weld 150 and is retained by the non-tearable weld 152. This limits movement of the seal, which could otherwise migrate to, for example, impede and so encumber the vision of a user. Exterior air flow 172 enters the filter 106, breathing pipe air flow 174 proceeds through the breathing pipe 124 to the mouth piece 126 where emergency filtered air flow 176 is breathed by the user 170. The exhaled air flow 180 escapes from the mouth piece 126 either through an outflow valve or through user control of exhaled air. In an embodiment, a one-way air flow valve (not shown) may be incorporated in the first emergency breathing apparatus 104 to permit flow through the filter 106 from the outside to the inside, as illustrated in FIG. 2C, and to substantially block flow through the filter 106 from the inside of the ventilated hood to the outside of the ventilated hood. The view presented in FIG. 2C is schematic and not intended to represent relative sizes or scale of the illustrated components.
Turning now to FIG. 3, a second emergency breathing apparatus 190 of the present invention is described. Some of the features of the second emergency breathing apparatus 190 are substantially similar to those of the first emergency breathing apparatus 104 described above. The view presented in FIG. 3 is schematic and not intended to represent relative sizes or scale of the illustrated components.
The filter 106 used in the second emergency breathing apparatus 190 may be a moisture laden or moisture bearing filter. The principle of operation of the filter 106 used in the second breathing apparatus 190 may depend upon the moisture contained within the filter 106. For example, the filter 106 in the second breathing apparatus 190 may be a tritium filter. As is known to those skilled in the art, tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that may be encountered in nuclear reactor work environments and poses significant health risks to workers who may inhale tritium. To assure that the filter 106 in the second breathing apparatus 190 remains moist, the filter 106 may be sealed in the ventilated hood on both an exterior and interior of the ventilated hood. Thus, the seal 108 may be coupled to the exterior of the skin 102 and/or the exterior of the filter 106, and the seal 192 may be coupled to the interior of the skin 102 and/or the interior of the filter 106.
Before donning the ventilated hood, a user may tear down the seal 192. After tearing down the seal 192, the user may couple the filter air coupler 122a with the breathing pipe air coupler 122b. Then when the user needs to employ the second emergency breathing apparatus 190, for example in emergency breathing situation, the user tears open the seal 108 and breathes through the mouthpiece 126 as described above with reference to the first emergency breathing apparatus 104. In an embodiment, a one-way air flow valve (not shown) may be incorporated in the second emergency breathing apparatus 190 to permit flow through the filter 106 from the outside of the ventilated hood to the inside of the ventilated hood, and to substantially block flow through the filter 106 from the inside of the ventilated hood to the outside of the ventilated hood.
It is understood that the above teachings can be applied to ventilated hoods of various form factors. In general, the ventilated hood has a skin that provides a barrier between the outside, possibly contaminated environment, and an inside where the human wearer, a user, of the protective suit would otherwise be vulnerable to the subject contaminants. The contaminants may be radioactive particulate matter, chemical particulate matter, asbestos, or other contaminants. As examples and without limitation, the work environment in which ventilated hoods may desirably be used may be nuclear power plants, radioactive materials handling facilities (e.g., medical materials such as radioactive sources for diagnostic imaging and radioactive materials for cancer treatments, radioactive sources for smoke detection), pharmaceutical production plants, chemical factories, oil refineries, asbestos removal projects, and others. In some cases, the contaminants may be gases or air borne liquids (e.g., aerosols).
The ventilated hood may be composed partly of ordinary clothing and partly of a breathing apparatus that encloses the human's head. For example, the ventilated hood may be composed of ordinary shoes, ordinary socks, ordinary pants, ordinary shirt, and a breathing hood that covers the head and comprises a cowl that extends down over the shoulders and chest. The ventilated hood may be composed of ordinary shoes, ordinary socks, a jump suit or overall having leg cuffs that secure closely at the ankles or lower calves and a breathing hood. The collar feature of the present invention allows an interface between such garments and the protective hood that reduces the risk of contamination inside the hood.
Some contaminants pose little health hazard on the outside skin of a human being but may be very hazardous when inhaled. For example, alpha particles emit low energy radiation which does not readily penetrate skin. Thus, alpha particles on the outside skin of a human being may pose little health risk. These same alpha particles, however, can pose significant long term health risks to human beings when inhaled. For example, inhalation of alpha particles may increase long term risk of developing lung cancer. Managing the risk of worker exposure to alpha particles may focus on reducing or preventing inhalation by the worker of alpha particles and washing alpha particles off of the skin of the human worker and off of the clothing of the human worker.
Turning now to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, a ventilated hood 202 is described. The ventilated hood 202 (e.g., a breathing hood) in FIG. 4A is provided with the air flow hose 101 that is connected to a tap of a breathable air network provided in the work environment. The breathable air network provides clean, contaminant free air to the air flow hose 101 to be breathed by the human being. The ventilated hood 202 in FIG. 4B is provided with the air flow hose 101 that is connected to a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) device 204. The PAPR device 204 may incorporate a filter that filters out contaminants from the ambient air in the work environment before feeding it through the air flow hose 101 into the ventilated hood 202 to be breathed by the human being. In different work environments, either the configuration of FIG. 4A or the configuration of FIG. 4B may be preferred.
The ventilated hood 202 comprises a collar 214 that is coupled to the air flow hose 101 and is configured to inflate in response to the air flow in the air flow hose 101. When inflated, the collar 214 impedes and/or reduces infiltration of contaminants from the outside environment into the inside of the ventilated hood 202. In an embodiment, the ventilated hood 202 may comprise a one-way exhaust valve (not shown) that allows air to pass from the inside of the ventilated hood 202 to the outside environment but blocks passage of air from the outside environment into the inside of the ventilated hood 202. Alternatively, or in addition, the flow of air from the air flow hose 101 into the ventilated hood 202 may exhaust out through gaps between the ventilated hood 202, the collar 214, and the clothing of the human being. The flow of air from the air flow hose 101 may provide a positive pressure differential between the inside of the ventilated hood 202 and the exterior of the ventilated hood 202, whereby contaminants may tend to be excluded from casual infiltration inside the ventilated hood 202. For example, in an embodiment, the flow of air from the air flow hose 101 may provide a positive pressure differential of more than 1,000 Pascals and less than 25,000 Pascals between the inside of the ventilated hood 202 and the exterior of the ventilated hood 202. Such pressures also serve to correctly inflate the collar feature to ensure a balance between pressure applied, such as to a user, and sealing efficiency.
The collar 214 may be referred to in some contexts by other equivalent terms such as a baffle or inflatable baffle, a flange or an inflatable flange, a bulkhead or an inflatable bulkhead. When the air flow hose 101 is unable to supply breathable air to the ventilated hood 202, for example in an emergency circumstance or when disconnected from a breathable air network to leave the work environment, the collar 214 may deflate and may no longer impede infiltration of contaminants from the outside environment into the inside of the ventilated hood 202. This is one reason why the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 is desirably provided for the ventilated hood 202. Another reason is that CO₂ levels may build to a dangerous level within the ventilated hood 202 if no alternative source of breathable air is provided. A full-face mask with filter may provide an alternative to the ventilated hood 202, but workers may find the full-face mask to be uncomfortable and distracting in comparison to the ventilated hood 202. The use of the ventilated hood 202 may be preferred in a work environment with a moderate to low concentration of contaminants while a full-body protective suit may be preferred in a work environment with high concentration of contaminants. In summary, the collar is preferably configured to both receive incoming air and to leak that air in a controlled manner such that removal of inflating air can deflate the collar and thus avoid potential suffocation, such as, for example, if a secondary air supply is either not present or malfunctions. The leak or outlet is preferably of smaller dimensions than the air inlet.
The ventilated hood 202 may be a single use protective device or it may be a limited use protective device. A limited use protective device may be used two times or three times before it is discarded. The ventilated hood 202 may be inspected to determine if it is suitable for continued limited use or whether it should be discarded. If the expected contaminants in the work environment are radioactive contaminants, the ventilated hood 202 may be inspected with a Geiger counter or with another radiation sensitive measuring device. If the expected contaminants in the work environment are chemicals or asbestos, the ventilated hood 202 may be visually inspected by the human user and discarded if it looks visibly dirty.
In an embodiment, the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 may be removable from the ventilated hood 202. For example, the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 may be coupled to the ventilated hood 202 (e.g., a cowl 212 of the ventilated hood 202) with a tearable weld or by an adhesive joint. A human user may exit a contaminated work area and enter a changing room. In the changing room, the human user may activate breathing using the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190, remove the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 from the ventilated hood 202, doff (e.g., take off) the ventilated hood 202, discard the doffed ventilated hood 202, and exit the changing room to a clean area. In the clean area, the human user may discard the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 and begin breathing unfiltered air. It is understood that the changing area may have some low level contamination. In some contexts, the changing room may be referred to as an intermediate changing room or by some other name. The human user may further remove work clothes such as work boots, work gloves, work pants, work shirt, or overalls while in the changing room.
Turning now to FIG. 5A, further details of the ventilated hood 202 are described. In an embodiment, the ventilated hood 202 comprises a head enclosure 208 having a viewing window 210 and the collar 214. The air flow hose 101 is coupled to the ventilated hood 202 and the collar 214 in such a way as to both supply breathable air to the inside of the ventilated hood 202 and to cause the collar 214 to inflate and impede infiltration of contaminants from the outside environment to the inside of the ventilated hood 202. The collar 214, when inflated in this way, may be said to seal, at least partially, gaps between the head enclosure 208 and the neck of the human user of the ventilated hood 202. The head enclosure 208 and collar 214, when the collar 214 is inflated, completely protect the head from contamination in the outside environment while the body of the human user is unprotected (e.g., unprotected by the ventilated hood 202: the body may be protected from contamination in the outside environment by other articles of clothing such as a work overall, work boots, work gloves and the like). The collar is preferably in the form, when inflate4d, of a toroidal tube connected to the skin and is preferably located proximal to and coaxial with the neck position of a user when wearing the ventilated hood.
The head enclosure 208 may comprise opaque material or transparent material. The head enclosure 208 may be, for example, at least partly stiff and impact resistant. The viewing window 210 preferably provides a transparent window that promotes the human being seeing the exterior of the ventilated hood 202, for example to see a work environment. The viewing window 210 may be a plastic material. The viewing window 210 may be a flexible plastic material. In an embodiment, the head enclosure 208 may comprise polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In an embodiment, the viewing window 210 may comprise crystal PVC. Such materials can build a static charge and as such it is particularly useful that the tearable portion of the tearable seal is retained after tearing to avoid adhesion by static charge to the viewing window and thus impeded vision. This is particularly relevant in an emergency when the tearable seal may be used.
In the present invention the ventilated hood 202 may further comprise a cowl 212 configured to rest on the top of the human being's shoulders and to drape down below the crest of the shoulders, over the chest and over the back of the human being. Suc a cowl is part of the skin along with the head enclosure. In some contexts, the cowl 212 may be referred to with other roughly equivalent terms such as apron or cape. The cowl 212 may provide protection from splashes, projections (squirting or spraying), and/or spills of contaminants such as chemicals. The cowl 212 may comprise PVC or another plastic or rubberized fabric. In an embodiment, the cowl 212 may be white or colored. For example, in some nuclear power plants pink color may be used to prompt proper disposal of items that may be deemed contaminated.
The ventilated hood 202 further comprises the first emergency breathing apparatus 104, the breathing pipe 124, and the mouth piece 126 described above. It is understood that in an embodiment, the ventilated hood 202 comprises the second emergency breathing apparatus 190 described above rather than the first emergency breathing apparatus 104. In emergency circumstances (e.g., when the air flow hose 101 is unable to provide breathable air for any reason), the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 provides filtered breathable air to the human being. In some circumstances, for example in the changing room as described above, the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 may provide filtered breathable air to the human being, the user, while he or she is doffing the ventilated hood 202.
The cowl 212 and/or the head enclosure 208 may be said to comprise a skin of the ventilated hood 202. The emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 may be said to be incorporated into the ventilated hood 202, into the cowl 212, into the head enclosure 208, and/or into the skin of the ventilated hood 202. The emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 may be removable from the cowl 212 or from the head enclosure 208.
In FIG. 5A, the emergency breathing apparatus 104 is illustrated located in a front or chest area of the cowl 212, but the emergency breathing apparatus 104 may be located in different areas of the ventilated hood 202, for example in a back area of the cowl 212, in a right shoulder top area of the cowl 212, in a left shoulder top area of the cowl 212, or elsewhere. See the above descriptions for further details of the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190.
The cowl 212 may extend any distance down over the chest and back. In an embodiment, the cowl 212 may comprise at least partially enclosing sleeves. In such an embodiment, the enclosing sleeves may comprise closures such as buttoned cuffs, draw strings, Velcro closures, and the like, to at least partially seal the sleeves against the arms or hands of the human being. In such an embodiment, the enclosing sleeves may comprise elastic material that automatically pulls the end of the sleeves together to seal at least partially against the arms or hands of the human being. In an embodiment, the cowl 212 may comprise draw strings to secure the cowl 212 to the torso of a human being. In an embodiment, the cowl 212 may comprise elastic material that automatically pulls the edges of the cowl 212 close to the torso of the human being.
Turning now to FIG. 5B, an alternative location of the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 is described. In an embodiment, the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190, may be located in a side of the head enclosure 208 and the breathing pipe 124 may wrap around an interior of the head enclosure 208 to be proximate to and accessible to a human mouth for use in emergency breathing scenarios. In an embodiment, the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 may filter particulate contamination. In an embodiment, the first emergency breathing apparatus 104 and/or the second emergency breathing apparatus 190 may filter chemical contamination. For example, the filter 106 may feature, at least in part, a filter medium that interacts with and bonds chemical contamination thereby removing at least part of the chemical contamination from air passed through the filter 106 to the breathing pipe 124 to the mouthpiece 126 to be breathed by a human being. The filter 106 may comprise a charcoal filter medium. In an embodiment, the filter 106 may comprise an adsorbent medium. In an embodiment, the filter 106 may comprise an absorbent medium.
Turning to FIG. 6A, an embodiment of the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 is described as having a different interface for breathing 600. The remainder of the emergency breathing apparatus can be the same as or similar to any of the embodiments disclosed with respect to FIGS. 1-5B. In this embodiment, the mouthpiece of the interface for breathing 600can be in the form of a facepiece 602 that is operable to fit over the nose and mouth of a user. The facepiece 602 may comprise a molded material, wherein the edge of the facepiece 602 may seal against the user's face whenever the facepiece 602 is worn. In some embodiments, a user may hold the facepiece 602 against their face by holding a mouthpiece in their mouth. The breathing pipe 124 may fit through an opening in the facepiece 602, and may be sealed so that no air can pass into the facepiece 602 other than through the breathing tube 124 when it is worn by a user.
The facepiece 602 may comprise a transparent material. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise a rigid material. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise a flexible material. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise a general shape designed to fit on the face of a user. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise a customized shape for a specific user. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise one of a plurality of general shapes or sizes, such as small, medium, and large. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise a nose clip operable to fit over the nose of a user. In some embodiments, the nose clip may fit tight enough on a user's nose to effectively close the use's nose, thereby allowing the user to only breathe through their mouth. In some embodiments, the facepiece 602 may comprise an exhalation valve.
The mouthpiece as described herein can be included within the facepiece 602. In some embodiments, the mouthpiece may comprise one or more elements, such as bite plates, grooves, and/or lips. These elements have the advantage the mouthpiece may thereby fit comfortably in the mouth of a user. In some embodiments, a mouthpiece may not be present and the facepiece 602 can be used by being held against the user's face. The facepiece 602 may not require any elastic or straps to hold the facepiece 602 to the user's face, wherein the mouthpiece held in the user's mouth holds the facepiece against the user's face.
FIG. 6A illustrates the facepiece 602 inside the hood 202. The facepiece 602 may be placed on either side of the user's head within the hood 202. When the user dons the hood 202, the facepiece 602 can be placed out of the way within the hood 202. The facepiece 602 may be accessible to the user such as be grasping the mouthpiece within the facepiece 602 with their mouth without having to use their hands.
FIG. 6B illustrates the hood 202 and facepiece 602 when the facepiece 602 is worn on the user's face. The user may grasp the mouthpiece using their mouth to place the facepiece 602 onto their face. The user may bend their neck and shoulders to reach the mouthpiece with their mouth. The user may wish to wear the facepiece 602 that is coupled to the filter 104, 190 to provide filtered breathing air as described herein. Additionally, when doffing the hood 202, the user may be in an area where exposure to hazardous gases is still possible. Therefore, the user may wear the facepiece 602 coupled to the filter 104, 190 to provide filtered breathing air until the user can move to a safe area. When the user is doffing the hood 202, the user may remove the filter 104, 190 from the hood 202 to allow the user to continue wearing the facepiece 602 when the suit is removed.
A method of using ventilated hoods as previously described may comprise donning a ventilated hood, where the ventilated hood comprises an external air flow hose, a filter incorporated in the ventilated hood, and a first seal and where when the first seal is intact, air does not flow out through the filter from an interior of the ventilated hood. The method may further comprise, after donning the ventilated hood, breaching the first seal and after breaching the first seal, inhaling air received from the filter. Breaching the first seal may comprise ripping the first seal at least partly free of the ventilated hood. Ripping the first seal may comprise ripping the first seal free of a tearable weld coupling the first seal to the ventilated hood. The ventilated hood may further comprise a second seal, the first seal is coupled to an exterior of the ventilated hood, and the second seal is coupled to an interior of the ventilated hood. The method may further comprise breaching the second seal by ripping the second seal at least partly free of the ventilated hood. The second seal in this instance may be breached before donning the ventilated hood. Alternatively, the second seal may be breached after donning the ventilated hood, for example by reaching with a hand below the cowl 212 to grip the second seal and rip it at least partly free of the ventilated hood. Reaching under the ventilated hood to rip the second seal at least partly free of the ventilated hood may be performed at about the time the ventilated hood is donned or at about the time that it is desired to commence inhaling air through the filter. In some cases the method may further comprise tearing the emergency breathing apparatus 104, 190 free from the cowl 212 or free from the head enclosure 208, for example when doffing the ventilated hood 202 in a changing room.
While several embodiments have been provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. The present examples are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the intention is not to be limited to the details given herein. For example, the various elements or components may be combined or integrated in another system or certain features may be omitted or not implemented.
Also, techniques, systems, subsystems, and methods described and illustrated in the various embodiments as discrete or separate may be combined or integrated with other systems, modules, techniques, or methods without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Other items shown or discussed as directly coupled or communicating with each other may be indirectly coupled or communicating through some interface, device, or intermediate component, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise. Other examples of changes, substitutions, and alterations are ascertainable by one skilled in the art and could be made without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein.

Claims

A ventilated hood (202), comprising:
an external air flow hose (101) coupled to the ventilated hood (202);

a filter (106) incorporated in the ventilated hood (202), the filter (106) having an exterior face and an interior face, where the exterior face of the filter (106) faces towards an exterior of the ventilated hood (202) and wherein the interior face of the filter (106) faces towards an interior of the ventilated hood (202);

a first seal (108) coupled to one of the exterior of the ventilated hood (202) or the exterior face of the filter (106);

a head enclosure (208); and

a collar (214) positioned so as to, in use as a hood (202), be proximal to the neck of a user and coupled to the external air flow hose (101) and configured to inflate in response to air flow in the external air flow hose (101) for impeding infiltration of contaminants from an external environment to an interior of the head enclosure (208) by taking up space between the ventilated hood (202) and the neck of the user.
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 1, further comprising a cowl (212) that is configured to drape over a top of the shoulders of a human wearer of the ventilated hood (202) and to at least partially cover a chest and a back of the human wearer.
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 2, wherein the filter (106) is coupled to the cowl (212).
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 1, further comprising a second seal (192) coupled to one of the interior of the ventilated hood (202) or the interior face of the filter (106).
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 4, wherein the filter (106) is moisture laden when both the first seal (108) and the second seal (192) are intact.
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 1, wherein the filter (106) comprises at least one of an absorbent medium and an adsorbent medium.
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 1, wherein the filter (106) is coupled to the head enclosure (208).
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 1, wherein the external air flow hose (101) is coupled to a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) (204).
The ventilated hood (202) of claim 1, wherein the first seal (108) is coupled to the ventilated hood (202) with a tearable weld (150).
A method of using a ventilated hood (202), comprising:
donning a ventilated hood (202), the ventilated hood (202) having an external air flow hose (101), a filter (106) incorporated in the ventilated hood (202), and a first seal (108), wherein when the first seal (108) is intact, air does not flow out through the filter (106) from an interior of the ventilated hood (202);

after donning the ventilated hood (202), breaching the first seal (108); and

after breaching the first seal (108), inhaling air received from the filter (106).
The method of claim 10, wherein breaching the first seal (108) comprises ripping the first seal (108) at least partly free of the ventilated hood (202).
The method of claim 11, wherein ripping the first seal (108) comprises ripping the first seal (108) free of a tearable weld (150) coupling the first seal (108) to the ventilated hood (202).
The method of claim 11, wherein the ventilated hood (202) further comprises a second seal (192), wherein the first seal (108) is coupled to an exterior of the ventilated hood (202) and the second seal (192) is coupled to an interior of the ventilated hood (202), and further comprising breaching the second seal (192) by ripping the second seal (192) at least partly free of the ventilated hood (202).
The method of claim 10, wherein the ventilated hood (202) comprises a collar (214) coupled to the external air flow hose (101), further comprising inflating the collar (214) to establish a seal between an outside environment and an interior of the ventilated hood (202).
The method of claim 10, further comprising:
tearing the first seal (108) free from the ventilated hood (202); and

after tearing the first seal (108) free, inhaling air received from the filter (106).