EP3323273A1 - Arrangement for treating materials with microwaves - Google Patents

Arrangement for treating materials with microwaves

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Publication number
EP3323273A1
EP3323273A1 EP16731559.7A EP16731559A EP3323273A1 EP 3323273 A1 EP3323273 A1 EP 3323273A1 EP 16731559 A EP16731559 A EP 16731559A EP 3323273 A1 EP3323273 A1 EP 3323273A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwaves
arrangement according
microwave applicator
materials
treatment area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16731559.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3323273B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dreyer
Monika Bauer
Dominik SÖTHJE
Reinhard Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ibf Electronic Gmbh&co KG
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Ibf Electronic Gmbh&co KG
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ibf Electronic Gmbh&co KG, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Ibf Electronic Gmbh&co KG
Publication of EP3323273A1 publication Critical patent/EP3323273A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3323273B1 publication Critical patent/EP3323273B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/70—Feed lines
    • H05B6/701—Feed lines using microwave applicators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2206/00—Aspects relating to heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields covered by group H05B6/00
    • H05B2206/04—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B2206/044—Microwave heating devices provided with two or more magnetrons or microwave sources of other kind

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the treatment of materials with microwaves.
  • materials can be dried or composite materials cured.
  • a single-mode applicator also called Momomode oven - forms a standing wave whose wavelength is determined by the operating frequency.
  • the furnace usually consists of a slotted rectangular waveguide, the slit width being fixed by the predetermined wavelength or frequency. Within the usually very narrow slot but a good homogeneity can be achieved. If the slot width is chosen to be larger, the shaft will exit. That is undesirable. Thicker or curved materials can not be treated with such a single-mode applicator.
  • multimode applicator also called multimode oven - form several modes and it can also be treated materials with larger dimensions.
  • a disadvantage of these arrangements is that the field strength is not evenly distributed in the treatment room, so that in thin materials some places are not treated and some places overly.
  • Known microwave arrangements operate either in batch mode, in which individual pieces are treated or in continuous operation, in which the material - individual pieces or by the meter - are successively moved through the treatment area.
  • the arrangement includes:
  • a drive for moving apart or moving away of the two parts of the single-mode microwave applicator is provided, such that increase the dimensions of the second treatment area perpendicular to the conveying direction.
  • two treatment areas are provided. The material is carried through both treatment areas at each treatment. Depending on the material, the monomode or multimode applicator or both can be turned on. It can therefore be treated with an arrangement all materials regardless of the dimensions.
  • a drive for moving the two parts of the single-mode microwave applicator apart and away such that the dimensions of the second treatment area increase perpendicular to the direction of conveyance.
  • the drive can be configured arbitrarily, for example mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically.
  • the drive can be manually operated or automatically. The movement can be triggered manually or by a controller.
  • a switch is provided for switching off the single-mode microwave applicator when moving apart or moving away his two parts.
  • the switch ensures that the monomode microwave applicator is turned on only when it is actually needed and closed.
  • the treatment with microwaves occurs predominantly in the interior of the material. It may therefore be advantageous if additional energy is transferred to the surface of the material.
  • an additional infrared radiation source is provided for irradiating the material with infrared light.
  • the infrared radiation source can be arranged such that the material is irradiated in the first treatment area. However, it is also conceivable to arrange the infrared radiation source in the second treatment area or separately in front of or behind the treatment areas.
  • the microwaves have a wavelength between 0.1 and 30 GHz, preferably between 1 and 6 GHz and most preferably in the range between 2.44 and 2.46 GHz. This has the advantage that the wavelengths are approved in many countries for this use and sufficient energy transfer to the material guarantee. Other free frequencies around 915 MHz, for homogeneous fields rather too high wavelength, and 5.8 GHz are also available.
  • the means for conveying the material to be treated comprise a conveyor belt.
  • the material is then placed on the conveyor belt and transported with this through the treatment areas.
  • the material is moved in other ways through the treatment areas, such as rollers, driving equipment, carriers, robots or the like.
  • the material can be stretched and passed through the interior of the microwave arrangement without further aids. If necessary, the material can also be moved backwards or "oscillating" back and forth.
  • the conveyor belt is permeable to the generated microwaves. Then the microwave field is influenced to a lesser extent.
  • a conveyor belt which is a glass fiber reinforced Teflon grid.
  • the conveyor belt can be formed by a grid with a grid spacing between 1 and 10 mm. The grid spacing is preferably selected such that the material rests securely.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is used for treating prepregs, it is advantageous if a device for producing prepregs for prepregs is connected upstream.
  • the arrangement can be equipped with individual parts and with endless goods.
  • the two-part single-mode microwave applicator can be moved apart such that materials with a maximum thickness of 20 cm, preferably a maximum thickness of 15 cm and most preferably a maximum thickness of 10 cm through the second treatment area are transportable.
  • Thiickness here means the dimension perpendicular to the parts of the single-mode microwave applicator.It is understood that the dimensions in the other directions may be virtually arbitrary, so in particular also larger or smaller than the selected thickness.
  • Fig. L is a side view of an arrangement for treating materials with
  • Microwaves with a multimode applicator, a single-mode applicator and an infrared radiation source are provided.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the arrangement of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the arrangement of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the arrangement of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail from FIG. 1 with the monomode applicator in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail from FIG. 1 with the monomode applicator in the opened position
  • FIG. 1 to 3 there is shown an arrangement generally designated 10 for treating materials with microwaves.
  • all kinds of materials in the form of piece goods or by the meter can be treated, for example, prepregs, composite materials, brake pads or the like.
  • the materials are supplied with energy via microwaves, with which the material is cured, heated and / or dried.
  • the figures show, by way of example, a substrate 12 which is conveyed on a conveyor belt 14 made of fiberglass-reinforced Teflon grid.
  • the conveyor belt is permeable to microwaves.
  • the conveying direction is indicated by an arrow 28.
  • the conveyor belt 14 enters a housing 16 bounded by a treatment chamber.
  • the Treatment chamber 16 20 microwaves the frequency 2.45 GHz of a multimode applicator 18 are generated in a first treatment room.
  • microwaves of frequency 2.45 GHz of a single-mode applicator 24 are generated.
  • microwave traps 15 and 17 are arranged, which prevent leakage of the microwaves from the assembly.
  • Microwave traps of the single-mode applicator are arranged in its housing.
  • a thin substrate 12 can be moved with the conveyor belt through both treatment chambers 20 and 22, the treatment chamber 16.
  • drives 19 and 21 are provided.
  • both applicators are turned on, the substrate 12 is exposed twice to treatment with microwaves.
  • microwaves penetrate deep into the material depending on the material selected.
  • Absorbent material has a temperature gradient when treated with microwaves. The surface releases heat to the outside and is slightly cooler than the interior of the material.
  • materials that do not absorb microwave radiation such as polypropylene or glass. Materials that neither absorb nor transmit reflect the microwaves.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of FIG. 1 with the single-mode applicator 24. It can be seen that the slot through which the material 12 is guided is very narrow in the vertical direction in this exemplary embodiment. The arrangement therefore provides that the upper and the lower part of the single-mode applicator has a distance 30 from the conveyor belt.
  • the components of the single-mode applicator 24 are driven completely out of the treatment area when thick or curved materials with larger dimensions in the vertical direction are conveyed through the first treatment area 20.
  • the parts of the single-mode applicator can be set to different distances.
  • the maximum distance corresponds to the headroom in the multimode applicator.
  • the system can be built not only horizontally but also vertically. This is especially useful with endless material.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

An arrangement (10) for treating materials (12) with microwaves contains a multimode microwave applicator (18) for treating the material with microwaves in a first treatment region (20); a monomode microwave applicator (24) with a multipart embodiment for treating the material with microwaves in a second treatment region (22); and means (14) for successively conveying the material to be treated through the first treatment region and the second treatment region; wherein provision is made of a drive (32) for moving the two parts of the monomode microwave applicator apart or away from one another in such a way that the dimensions (30) of the second treatment region increase perpendicular to the conveying direction (28).

Description

Anordnung zur Behandlung von Materialien mit Mikrowellen  Arrangement for the treatment of materials with microwaves
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Behandlung von Materialien mit Mikrowellen. Mit einer solchen Anordnung lassen sich insbesondere Materialien trocknen oder Verbundmaterialien aushärten. The invention relates to an arrangement for the treatment of materials with microwaves. With such an arrangement, in particular, materials can be dried or composite materials cured.
Wichtig ist es, dass die Materialien einem möglichst homogenen Mikrowellenfeld ausgesetzt werden, um eine gleichmäßige Behandlung zu erreichen. It is important that the materials are exposed to as homogenous a microwave field as possible in order to achieve a uniform treatment.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Es sind verschiedene Mikrowellengeneratoren bekannt. Bei einem Monomode- Applikator - auch Momomode-Ofen genannt - bildet sich eine stehende Welle aus, deren Wellenlänge durch die Betriebsfrequenz festgelegt ist. Der Ofen besteht gewöhnlich aus einem geschlitzten Rechteckhohlleiter, wobei die Schlitzbreite durch die vorgegebene Wellenlänge bzw. Frequenz festgelegt ist. Innerhalb des üblicherweise sehr schmalen Schlitzes kann aber eine gute Homogenität erreicht werden. Wird die Schlitzbreite größer gewählt, so tritt die Welle aus. Das ist unerwünscht. Dickere oder gekrümmte Materialien lassen sich mit einem solchen Monomode- Applikator nicht behandeln. Various microwave generators are known. In a single-mode applicator - also called Momomode oven - forms a standing wave whose wavelength is determined by the operating frequency. The furnace usually consists of a slotted rectangular waveguide, the slit width being fixed by the predetermined wavelength or frequency. Within the usually very narrow slot but a good homogeneity can be achieved. If the slot width is chosen to be larger, the shaft will exit. That is undesirable. Thicker or curved materials can not be treated with such a single-mode applicator.
Bei einem Multimode- Applikator - auch Multimode-Ofen genannt - bilden sich mehrere Moden aus und es können auch Materialien mit größeren Abmessungen behandelt werden. Nachteilig bei diesen Anordnungen ist es, dass die Feldstärke nicht gleichmäßig im Behandlungsraum verteilt ist, so dass bei dünnen Materialien einige Stellen nicht und einige Stellen übermäßig behandelt werden. In a multimode applicator - also called multimode oven - form several modes and it can also be treated materials with larger dimensions. A disadvantage of these arrangements is that the field strength is not evenly distributed in the treatment room, so that in thin materials some places are not treated and some places overly.
Bekannte Mikrowellen-Anordnungen arbeiten entweder im Batch-Betrieb, bei dem Einzelstücke behandelt werden oder im Durchlaufbetrieb, bei denen das Material - Einzelstücke oder Meterware - nacheinander durch den Behandlungsbereich bewegt werden. Known microwave arrangements operate either in batch mode, in which individual pieces are treated or in continuous operation, in which the material - individual pieces or by the meter - are successively moved through the treatment area.
DE 10 2008 001 637 B4 und DE 200 18 925 Ul offenbaren Beispiele für Mikrowellenanlagen im Durchlaufbetrieb. DE 10 2008 001 637 B4 and DE 200 18 925 Ul disclose examples of microwave systems in continuous operation.
Beispiele für Mikrowellen- Applikatoren aus der Praxis sind offenbart auf der Internetseite http://www.anton-paar.com/ca-en/products/details/microwave-synthesis/. Examples of practical microwave applicators are disclosed on the website http://www.anton-paar.com/ca-en/products/details/microwave-synthesis/.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit welcher sowohl dünne als auch dickere Materialien gleichmäßig behandelt werden können. It is an object of the invention to provide an arrangement of the type mentioned, with which both thin and thicker materials can be treated uniformly.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Anordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Die Anordnung enthält: According to the invention the object is achieved by an arrangement with the features of claim 1. The arrangement includes:
(a) einen Multimode-Mikrowellen-Applikator zur Behandlung des Materials mit Mikrowellen in einem ersten Behandlungsbereich;  (a) a multi-mode microwave applicator for treating the material with microwaves in a first treatment area;
(b) einen mehrteilig ausgebildeten Monomode-Mikrowellen-Applikator zur Behandlung des Materials mit Mikrowellen in einem zweiten Behandlungsbereich; und  (b) a multi-part single-mode microwave applicator for treating the material with microwaves in a second treatment area; and
(c) Mittel zum Befördern des zu behandelnden Materials nacheinander durch den ersten und den zweiten Behandlungsbereich; wobei  (c) means for conveying the material to be treated sequentially through the first and second treatment areas; in which
(d) ein Antrieb zum Auseinander- oder Wegbewegen der zwei Teile des Monomode- Mikrowellen-Applikators vorgesehen ist, derart, dass sich die Abmessungen des zweiten Behandlungsbereichs senkrecht zur Beförderungsrichtung vergrößern. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung sind zwei Behandlungsbereiche vorgesehen. Das Material wird bei jeder Behandlung durch beide Behandlungsbereiche befördert. Je nach Material können der Monomode- oder der Multimode- Applikator oder beide eingeschaltet werden. Es können also mit einer Anordnung alle Materialien behandelt werden unabhängig von den Abmessungen. Da der Monomode- Applikator nur dünne Materialien durch den schmalen Behandlungsraum durchlässt, ist ferner ein Antrieb zum Auseinanderoder Wegbewegen der zwei Teile des Monomode-Mikrowellen- Applikators vorgesehen, derart, dass sich die Abmessungen des zweiten Behandlungsbereichs senkrecht zur Beförderungsrichtung vergrößern. Es versteht sich, dass der Antrieb beliebig, zum Beispiel mechanisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch ausgebildet sein kann. Der Antrieb kann handbetätigt werden oder automatisch. Dabei kann die Bewegung von Hand oder durch eine Steuerung ausgelöst werden. (D) a drive for moving apart or moving away of the two parts of the single-mode microwave applicator is provided, such that increase the dimensions of the second treatment area perpendicular to the conveying direction. In the arrangement according to the invention, two treatment areas are provided. The material is carried through both treatment areas at each treatment. Depending on the material, the monomode or multimode applicator or both can be turned on. It can therefore be treated with an arrangement all materials regardless of the dimensions. Further, since the single-mode applicator passes only thin materials through the narrow treatment space, there is provided a drive for moving the two parts of the single-mode microwave applicator apart and away such that the dimensions of the second treatment area increase perpendicular to the direction of conveyance. It is understood that the drive can be configured arbitrarily, for example mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically. The drive can be manually operated or automatically. The movement can be triggered manually or by a controller.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein Schalter vorgesehen zum Abschalten des Monomode-Mikrowellen-Applikators bei Auseinander- oder Wegbewegen seiner zwei Teile. Mit dem Schalter wird sichergestellt, dass der Monomode- Mikrowellen- Applikator nur dann angeschaltet ist, wenn er tatsächlich gebraucht wird und geschlossen ist. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a switch is provided for switching off the single-mode microwave applicator when moving apart or moving away his two parts. The switch ensures that the monomode microwave applicator is turned on only when it is actually needed and closed.
Die Behandlung mit Mikrowellen erfolgt überwiegend im Inneren des Materials. Es kann daher vorteilhaft sein, wenn zusätzlich Energie auf die Oberfläche des Materials übertragen wird. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist daher eine zusätzliche Infrarot-Strahlungsquelle vorgesehen zur Bestrahlung des Materials mit Infrarot-Licht. Die Infrarot-Strahlungsquelle kann dabei derart angeordnet sein, dass das Material im ersten Behandlungsbereich bestrahlt wird. Es ist aber auch denkbar, die Infrarot-Strahlungsquelle im zweiten Behandlungsbereich oder separat vor oder hinter den Behandlungsbereichen anzuordnen. Vorzugsweise haben die Mikrowellen eine Wellenlänge zwischen 0,1 und 30 GHz, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 6 GHz und höchst vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 2,44 und 2,46 GHz. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die Wellenlängen in vielen Ländern für diese Nutzung genehmigt sind und eine ausreichende Energieübertragung auf das Material gewährleisten. Andere freie Frequenzen um 915 MHz, für homogene Felder eher zu hohe Wellenlänge, und 5,8 GHz sind ebenfalls verfügbar. The treatment with microwaves occurs predominantly in the interior of the material. It may therefore be advantageous if additional energy is transferred to the surface of the material. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, an additional infrared radiation source is provided for irradiating the material with infrared light. The infrared radiation source can be arranged such that the material is irradiated in the first treatment area. However, it is also conceivable to arrange the infrared radiation source in the second treatment area or separately in front of or behind the treatment areas. Preferably, the microwaves have a wavelength between 0.1 and 30 GHz, preferably between 1 and 6 GHz and most preferably in the range between 2.44 and 2.46 GHz. This has the advantage that the wavelengths are approved in many countries for this use and sufficient energy transfer to the material guarantee. Other free frequencies around 915 MHz, for homogeneous fields rather too high wavelength, and 5.8 GHz are also available.
Bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Mittel zum Befördern des zu behandelnden Materials ein Förderband umfassen. Das Material wird dann auf das Förderband aufgelegt und mit diesem durch die Behandlungsbereiche befördert. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass das Material auf andere Weise durch die Behandlungsbereiche bewegt wird, etwa mit Rollen, Fahreinrichtungen, Trägern, Robotern oder dergleichen. Bei Endlosmaterial kann das Material gespannt werden und ohne weitere Hilfsmittel durch das Innere der Mikrowellen- Anordnung geführt werden. Das Material kann, wenn erforderlich, auch rückwärts bzw.„oszillierend" vor und zurück bewegt werden. In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the means for conveying the material to be treated comprise a conveyor belt. The material is then placed on the conveyor belt and transported with this through the treatment areas. But it is also conceivable that the material is moved in other ways through the treatment areas, such as rollers, driving equipment, carriers, robots or the like. For continuous material, the material can be stretched and passed through the interior of the microwave arrangement without further aids. If necessary, the material can also be moved backwards or "oscillating" back and forth.
Vorzugsweise ist das Förderband durchlässig für die erzeugten Mikrowellen. Dann wird das Mikrowellenfeld in geringerem Maße beeinflusst. Besonders gut geeignet ist ein Förderband, das ein glasfaserverstärktes Teflon-Gitter ist. Dabei kann das Förderband von einem Gitter mit einem Gitterabstand zwischen 1 und 10 mm gebildet sein. Der Gitterabstand ist vorzugsweise derart gewählt, dass das Material sicher aufliegt. Preferably, the conveyor belt is permeable to the generated microwaves. Then the microwave field is influenced to a lesser extent. Particularly suitable is a conveyor belt, which is a glass fiber reinforced Teflon grid. In this case, the conveyor belt can be formed by a grid with a grid spacing between 1 and 10 mm. The grid spacing is preferably selected such that the material rests securely.
Wenn die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zum Behandeln von Prepregs verwendet wird, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Prepregs zur Bestückung mit Prepregs vorgeschaltet ist. Die Anordnung kann mit einzelnen Teilen und mit Endlosware bestückt werden. If the arrangement according to the invention is used for treating prepregs, it is advantageous if a device for producing prepregs for prepregs is connected upstream. The arrangement can be equipped with individual parts and with endless goods.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der zweiteilige Monomode-Mikrowellen-Applikator derart auseinanderfahrbar ist, dass Materialien mit einer maximalen Dicke von 20 cm, vorzugsweise einer maximalen Dicke von 15 cm und höchst vorzugsweise einer maximalen Dicke von 10 cm durch den zweiten Behandlungsbereich transportierbar sind. „Dicke" bezeichnet hierbei die Abmessung senkrecht zu den Teilen des Monomode-Mikrowellen- Applikators. Es versteht sich, dass die Abmessungen in den anderen Richtungen quasi beliebig, also insbesondere auch größer oder kleiner als die gewählte Dicke sein dürfen. Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the two-part single-mode microwave applicator can be moved apart such that materials with a maximum thickness of 20 cm, preferably a maximum thickness of 15 cm and most preferably a maximum thickness of 10 cm through the second treatment area are transportable. "Thickness" here means the dimension perpendicular to the parts of the single-mode microwave applicator.It is understood that the dimensions in the other directions may be virtually arbitrary, so in particular also larger or smaller than the selected thickness. Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. An embodiment is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Fig. l ist eine Seitenansicht einer Anordnung zum Behandeln von Materialien mit Fig. L is a side view of an arrangement for treating materials with
Mikrowellen mit einem Multimode-Applikator, einem Monomode- Applikator und einer Infrarot- Strahlungsquelle.  Microwaves with a multimode applicator, a single-mode applicator and an infrared radiation source.
Fig.2 ist eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung aus Figur 1. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the arrangement of FIG. 1. FIG.
Fig.3 ist eine Vorderansicht der Anordnung aus Figur 1. 3 is a front view of the arrangement of FIG. 1.
Fig.4 zeigt ein Detail aus Figur 1 mit dem Monomode-Applikator im FIG. 4 shows a detail from FIG. 1 with the monomode applicator in FIG
Betriebszustand.  Operating condition.
Fig.5 zeigt ein Detail aus Figur 1 mit dem Monomode-Applikator im geöffneten FIG. 5 shows a detail from FIG. 1 with the monomode applicator in the opened position
Zustand.  Status.
Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels Description of the embodiment
In den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist eine allgemein mit 10 bezeichnete Anordnung zum Behandeln von Materialien mit Mikrowellen gezeigt. In der Anordnung können alle Arten von Materialien in Form von Stückgut oder Meterware behandelt werden, beispielsweise Prepregs, Verbundmaterialien, Bremsbeläge oder dergleichen. Den Materialien wird über Mikrowellen Energie zugeführt, mit der das Material ausgehärtet, erwärmt und/oder getrocknet wird. In Figures 1 to 3 there is shown an arrangement generally designated 10 for treating materials with microwaves. In the arrangement, all kinds of materials in the form of piece goods or by the meter can be treated, for example, prepregs, composite materials, brake pads or the like. The materials are supplied with energy via microwaves, with which the material is cured, heated and / or dried.
Die Figuren zeigen beispielhaft ein Substrat 12, welches auf einem Förderband 14 aus glasfaserverstärktem Teflon-Gitter befördert wird. Das Förderband ist durchlässig für Mikrowellen. Die Förderrichtung ist mit einem Pfeil 28 angezeigt. Das Förderband 14 tritt in einer von einem Gehäuse begrenzten Behandlungskammer 16 ein. In der Behandlungskammer 16 werden in einem ersten Behandlungsraum 20 Mikrowellen der Frequenz 2,45 GHz eines Multimode- Applikators 18 erzeugt. In einem zweiten Behandlungsraum 22 werden Mikrowellen der Frequenz 2,45 GHz eines Monomode- Applikators 24 erzeugt. Vor und hinter dem Multimode- Applikator 18 sind Mikrowellenfallen 15 und 17 angeordnet, die ein Austreten der Mikrowellen aus der Anordnung verhindern. Mikrowellenfallen des Monomode-Applikators sind in dessen Gehäuse angeordnet. The figures show, by way of example, a substrate 12 which is conveyed on a conveyor belt 14 made of fiberglass-reinforced Teflon grid. The conveyor belt is permeable to microwaves. The conveying direction is indicated by an arrow 28. The conveyor belt 14 enters a housing 16 bounded by a treatment chamber. In the Treatment chamber 16 20 microwaves the frequency 2.45 GHz of a multimode applicator 18 are generated in a first treatment room. In a second treatment chamber 22 microwaves of frequency 2.45 GHz of a single-mode applicator 24 are generated. Before and behind the multimode applicator 18 microwave traps 15 and 17 are arranged, which prevent leakage of the microwaves from the assembly. Microwave traps of the single-mode applicator are arranged in its housing.
Ein dünnes Substrat 12, wie es in den Figuren dargestellt ist, kann mit dem Förderband durch beide Behandlungsräume 20 und 22 die Behandlungskammer 16 bewegt werden. Hierzu sind Antriebe 19 und 21 vorgesehen. Wenn beide Applikatoren eingeschaltet sind, wird das Substrat 12 zwei Mal einer Behandlung mit Mikrowellen ausgesetzt. Bei Hin- und Herfahren der Probe entsprechend öfter. Mikrowellen dringen je nach ausgewähltem Material tief in das Material ein. Absorbierendes Material hat bei Behandlung mit Mikrowellen einen Temperaturgradienten. Die Oberfläche gibt Wärme nach außen ab und ist etwas kühler als das Innere des Materials. Es gibt ferner Materialien, die keine Mikrowellenstrahlung absorbieren, etwa Polypropylen oder Glas. Materialien, die weder absorbieren noch transmittieren, reflektieren die Mikrowellen. Zur Bestrahlung der Oberfläche sind daher zusätzlich mehrere Infrarotstrahlungsquellen 26 vorgesehen, die im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel im ersten Behandlungsbereich 20 angeordnet sind. Es versteht sich, dass die Infrarotstrahler auch an anderer Stelle angeordnet sein können. Jeder der Mikrowellen-Applikatoren und die Infrarot-Strahlungsquellen können unabhängig voneinander eingeschaltet und in der Leistung geregelt werden, so dass sich vielfältige Möglichkeiten der Behandlung für verschiedenartige Materialien in einer Anordnung ergeben. Figur 4 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 1 mit dem Monomode-Applikator 24. Man erkennt, dass der Schlitz, durch den das Material 12 geführt ist, in vertikaler Richtung in diesen Ausführungsbeispiel sehr schmal ist. Die Anordnung sieht daher vor, dass das Ober- und das Unterteil des Monomode-Applikators einen Abstand 30 zum Förderband hat. Der Schlitz kann also für dickere oder gekrümmte Materialien, die vorzugsweise mit dem Multimode- Applikator 18 behandelt werden, vergrößert werden. Hierzu ist ein Antrieb 32. vorgesehen. Somit lassen sich auch Materialien mit größerer Dicke in vertikaler Richtung durch die Anordnung transportieren, ohne größere Umbauten oder dergleichen vornehmen zu müssen. A thin substrate 12, as shown in the figures, can be moved with the conveyor belt through both treatment chambers 20 and 22, the treatment chamber 16. For this purpose, drives 19 and 21 are provided. When both applicators are turned on, the substrate 12 is exposed twice to treatment with microwaves. When moving the sample back and forth more often. Microwaves penetrate deep into the material depending on the material selected. Absorbent material has a temperature gradient when treated with microwaves. The surface releases heat to the outside and is slightly cooler than the interior of the material. There are also materials that do not absorb microwave radiation, such as polypropylene or glass. Materials that neither absorb nor transmit reflect the microwaves. To irradiate the surface, therefore, a plurality of infrared radiation sources 26 are additionally provided, which are arranged in the first treatment region 20 in the present exemplary embodiment. It is understood that the infrared radiators can also be arranged elsewhere. Each of the microwave applicators and the infrared radiation sources can be switched on independently and controlled in power, so that there are many possibilities of treatment for different materials in an arrangement. FIG. 4 shows a detail of FIG. 1 with the single-mode applicator 24. It can be seen that the slot through which the material 12 is guided is very narrow in the vertical direction in this exemplary embodiment. The arrangement therefore provides that the upper and the lower part of the single-mode applicator has a distance 30 from the conveyor belt. Of the Slot can thus be increased for thicker or curved materials, which are preferably treated with the multimode applicator 18. For this purpose, a drive 32 is provided. Thus, even materials with a greater thickness in the vertical direction can be transported through the arrangement without having to make major modifications or the like.
Bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel ist vorgesehen, dass die Komponenten des Monomode-Applikators 24 vollständig aus dem Behandlungsbereich gefahren werden, wenn dicke oder gekrümmte Materialien mit größeren Abmessungen in vertikaler Richtung, durch den ersten Behandlungsbereich 20 gefördert werden. In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the components of the single-mode applicator 24 are driven completely out of the treatment area when thick or curved materials with larger dimensions in the vertical direction are conveyed through the first treatment area 20.
Bei einem weiteren, alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel ist vorgesehen, dass die Teile des Monomode-Applikators auf verschiedene Abstände eingestellt werden können. Der maximale Abstand entspricht der Durchfahrtshöhe im Multimode- Applikator. In a further alternative embodiment it is provided that the parts of the single-mode applicator can be set to different distances. The maximum distance corresponds to the headroom in the multimode applicator.
Die Anlage kann nicht nur horizontal, sondern auch vertikal aufgebaut werden kann. Dies ist speziell bei endlosem Material sinnvoll. The system can be built not only horizontally but also vertically. This is especially useful with endless material.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Anordnung (10) zur Behandlung von Materialien (12) mit Mikrowellen, enthaltend: An assembly (10) for treating materials (12) with microwaves comprising:
(a) einen Multimode-Mikrowellen- Applikator (18) zur Behandlung des Materials mit Mikrowellen in einem ersten Behandlungsbereich (20);  (a) a multi-mode microwave applicator (18) for treating the material with microwaves in a first treatment area (20);
(b) einen mehrteilig ausgebildeten Monomode-Mikrowellen- Applikator (24) zur Behandlung des Materials mit Mikrowellen in einem zweiten Behandlungsbereich (22); und  (b) a multi-part single-mode microwave applicator (24) for treating the material with microwaves in a second treatment area (22); and
(c) Mittel (14) zum Befördern des zu behandelnden Materials nacheinander durch den ersten und den zweiten Behandlungsbereich; wobei  (c) means (14) for conveying the material to be treated sequentially through the first and second treatment areas; in which
(d) ein Antrieb (32) zum Auseinander- oder Wegbewegen der zwei Teile des Monomode-Mikrowellen-Applikators vorgesehen ist, derart, dass sich die Abmessungen (30) des zweiten Behandlungsbereichs senkrecht zur Beförderungsrichtung (28) vergrößern.  (D) a drive (32) for moving apart or moving away the two parts of the single-mode microwave applicator is provided such that the dimensions (30) of the second treatment area perpendicular to the conveying direction (28) increase.
2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch einen Schalter zum Abschalten des Monomode-Mikrowellen-Applikators bei Auseinander- oder Wegbewegen seiner Teile. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a switch for switching off the single-mode microwave applicator when moving apart or moving away his parts.
3. Anordnung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens eine zusätzliche Infrarot-Strahlungsquelle (26) zur Bestrahlung des Materials mit Infrarot-Licht. 3. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one additional infrared radiation source (26) for irradiating the material with infrared light.
4. Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Infrarot- Strahlungsquelle derart angeordnet ist, dass das Material im ersten Behandlungsbereich bestrahlt wird. 4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the infrared radiation source is arranged such that the material is irradiated in the first treatment area.
5. Anordnung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mikrowellen eine Wellenlänge zwischen 0,1 und 30 GHz, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 6 GHz und höchst vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 2,44 und 2,46 GHz haben. 5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the microwaves have a wavelength between 0.1 and 30 GHz, preferably between 1 and 6 GHz, and most preferably between 2.44 and 2.46 GHz.
6. Anordnung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Befördern des zu behandelnden Materials ein Förderband (14) umfassen. 6. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for conveying the material to be treated comprise a conveyor belt (14).
7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderband durchlässig für die erzeugten Mikrowellen ist. 7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the conveyor belt is permeable to the microwaves generated.
8. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderband ein glasfaserverstärktes Teflon-Gitter ist. 8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the conveyor belt is a glass fiber reinforced Teflon grating.
9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderband von einem Gitter mit einem Gitterabstand zwischen 1 und 10 mm gebildet ist. 9. Arrangement according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the conveyor belt is formed by a grid with a grid spacing between 1 and 10 mm.
10. Anordnung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Prepregs zur Bestückung mit Prepregs vorgeschaltet ist. 10. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a device for producing prepregs for assembly with prepregs is connected upstream.
11. Anordnung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweiteilige Monomode-Mikrowellen- Applikator derart auseinanderfahrbar ist, dass Materialien mit einer maximalen Dicke von 20 cm, vorzugsweise einer maximalen Dicke von 15 cm und höchst vorzugsweise einer maximalen Dicke von 10 cm durch den zweiten Behandlungsbereich transportierbar sind. 11. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two-part single-mode microwave applicator can be moved apart such that materials having a maximum thickness of 20 cm, preferably a maximum thickness of 15 cm and most preferably a maximum thickness of 10 cm can be transported through the second treatment area.
EP16731559.7A 2015-07-16 2016-06-16 Arrangement for treating materials with microwaves Active EP3323273B1 (en)

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DE102020125375A1 (en) 2020-09-29 2022-03-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Method of heating objects with microwaves

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