EP3317138A1 - Überwachung des zustands eines ersten elements, das zu einem zweiten element relativ beweglich ist und an dem besagten zweiten element reibt - Google Patents

Überwachung des zustands eines ersten elements, das zu einem zweiten element relativ beweglich ist und an dem besagten zweiten element reibt

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Publication number
EP3317138A1
EP3317138A1 EP16742366.4A EP16742366A EP3317138A1 EP 3317138 A1 EP3317138 A1 EP 3317138A1 EP 16742366 A EP16742366 A EP 16742366A EP 3317138 A1 EP3317138 A1 EP 3317138A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
wire
detection circuit
monitoring system
transformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16742366.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Ovaere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mersen France Amiens SAS
Original Assignee
Mersen France Amiens SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mersen France Amiens SAS filed Critical Mersen France Amiens SAS
Publication of EP3317138A1 publication Critical patent/EP3317138A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/20Details of contact bow
    • B60L5/205Details of contact bow with carbon contact members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/008Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/58Means structurally associated with the current collector for indicating condition thereof, e.g. for indicating brush wear
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R41/00Non-rotary current collectors for maintaining contact between moving and stationary parts of an electric circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to monitoring the state of a first movable element relative to a second element, and intended to rub against this second element, at least one of these two elements being conductive.
  • the first and second elements are movable relative to each other.
  • one of these elements can be fixed in the terrestrial reference system.
  • a pantograph system comprises a band made mainly of carbon, or completely made of carbon, and intended to rub against a live catenary wire to supply power to an electrically driven vehicle on which the band is mounted.
  • the first element may comprise a brush intended to rub against for example a collector portion of an electric motor or a ring of a synchronous or asynchronous machine.
  • the first element may comprise a brake pad
  • the second, conductive member may comprise a brake disk.
  • this system leads to an immediate deactivation of the pantograph, without it being really possible to predict and organize the maintenance of the tape. In case of early breakage, there is a risk of using an auxiliary motor in a way that is in fact little justified.
  • JP53-72676 discloses a detection system in which a loop of insulated electrical conductor wire is installed in the sensing strip.
  • a transformer makes it possible to send, and when the loop is intact, to receive an electrical signal. If this conductive wire breaks, no signal is recovered and the pantograph corresponding to this band is then immediately deactivated. Fuses are provided to protect the detection circuits in the event of contact between a broken end of the conductive wire and the strip.
  • the monitoring system includes:
  • an electrical measuring circuit comprising a first transformer winding and a generator capable of delivering an alternating current, the electric measuring circuit being arranged so that at least a portion of the current delivered by the generator passes through this first winding,
  • an electrical detection circuit comprising,
  • a second transformer winding a reference branch of the electrical potential of the detection circuit, this branch being designed to be in contact with the second element or with weakly resistive conducting means in contact with the second element, so that the ground voltage of the detection circuit is equal or very close to the tension of the second element,
  • this detection element intended to be installed in or mounted on the first element, this detection element being arranged so that the current flowing through this detection element is then a function of the state of the first element
  • a transformer comprising the first and the second windings, the system being arranged such that this transformer isolates the measuring circuit from the ground voltage of the detection circuit, and
  • the voltages in the detection circuit can be relatively high and variable with respect to the earth, since the mass of this circuit is connected to the second element.
  • the catenary wire can be traversed by a signal of 25,000 volts AC at 50 Hz, or else 1500 V DC.
  • a signal of 25,000 volts AC at 50 Hz or else 1500 V DC.
  • weakly resistive conducting means and “equal or very close” is meant here one (or more) conductive element, for example a stirrup and / or the band in the case of an application to pantograph systems, opposing a resistance sufficiently low between the reference branch and the second element so that the ground voltage of the detection circuit does not deviate by more than 5% from the voltage of the second element, advantageously not more than 2% of the voltage of the second element. element.
  • state of the first element is meant in the present application the presence of crack (s) in the first element, the wear of the first element created by the friction against the second element, and / or the rupture of the first element.
  • the first element can be conductive.
  • the system then makes it possible to monitor the state of a conductive element rubbing against another conductive element, for example for cap tation / current transmission.
  • the reference branch can then be attached directly to the band, to a stirrup, or other.
  • the collected / transmitted current may be relatively high, i.e. the collected / transmitted signal may comprise a power signal.
  • the monitoring system may comprise, for example, a system for monitoring the state of a power supply element for the traction of a vehicle.
  • the monitoring system may include a condition monitoring system of an electrical power transmission band made primarily or completely of carbon, to be mounted on an electrically driven vehicle, and to rub against a wire current catenary to power this vehicle.
  • the monitoring system may comprise a system for monitoring the state of a pad intended to rub against a conductive rail, of the third rail pad type.
  • the invention is in no way limited to a vehicle traction signal.
  • the first element may comprise a brush intended to rub against the second element, for example a collector portion of an electric motor or a ring of a synchronous or asynchronous machine.
  • the first element may be insulating.
  • the first member may include a brake pad
  • the second, conductive member may include a brake disk.
  • the signal coming from the generator, and injected into the detection circuit via the transformer may have a relatively low electric potential and / or a peak intensity relative to the electric potential of the and / or the intensity in, the second element, for example
  • the electrical measuring circuit may have a floating mass, or not, for example a mass connected to the chassis of a railroad vehicle or to the earth.
  • the state of the first element can have an impact on the detection circuit, via the detection element, and thus on the voltage collected at the terminals of the measuring circuit-side winding and / or the measured intensity at the this first winding.
  • the sensing element may comprise an electrically insulated wire, intended to be installed along the first element, for example within the first element or on a surface of the first element. In case of crack or breakage of the first element, this wire is likely to break, thus affecting the transmission of the alternating signal from the generator and therefore the voltages across the windings of the transformer.
  • this wire is mounted in parallel with a resistor, in the event of wire breakage, the equivalent resistance increases, and the voltage across the first winding decreases. It is thus possible to detect the breakage of this wire by analyzing the signal measured at the terminals of this winding.
  • the detection circuit may comprise at least one additional insulated wire intended to be installed along the first element, for example inside the first element or on a surface of the first element, mounted in parallel with the first element.
  • pantograph In the case of a pantograph system, provision may be made to leave the pantograph in place as long as at least one insulated wire is still intact, or as long as the mechanically strongest insulated wire is still intact, thereby avoiding the inconvenience associated with an unexpected lowering of the pantograph, as in the prior art.
  • Each insulated wire may comprise a conductive core and an insulating sheath.
  • the conductive core may have a linear resistance sufficiently high that the equivalent resistance variation can be detected.
  • it may be provided to mount each insulating wire in series with a corresponding resistor, to allow the detection of the breakage of the wire.
  • the core of the wire may have a low linear resistance and can be abstained to mount a resistor in series with this insulated wire.
  • the detection circuit may be arranged so that one or more outputs (or the detecting elements) are connected (or, in particular, in the case of contact with the catenary wire, connectable) to the second element, or weakly resistive conductive means in contact with the second element. It is thus forbidden to provide an output wire connecting the output (s) of the detection element (s) to the ground of the detection circuit.
  • JP53-72676 rather than a closed loop, as in JP53-72676, there is provided a detection circuit with an end which is, at least part of the time of use, in contact with the second element or with means weakly resistive conductors in contact with the second element.
  • the installation can thus be simpler, and it also limits the risk of inversion son.
  • these elements can be mounted in parallel with each other or with one or more resistive elements. If one of these detection elements connected in parallel is faulty or destroyed due to the state of the band, it will nevertheless be possible to measure a signal between the terminals of the first winding. It will thus be possible to send a warning signal, of the alarm type, rather than immediately breaking the contact between the movable elements relative to each other (for example, rather than immediately driving a pantograph lowering).
  • the at least one corresponding branch node may be in or on the first element.
  • the detection circuit may comprise a single input wire between the second winding and the first element.
  • the second winding may advantageously be connected to the detection element (s) by a single wire penetrating into or mounted on the first element.
  • the detection circuit may comprise a single wire penetrating into or mounted on the first element .
  • At least one and preferably each detection element may comprise an output connected to or connectable to the second element.
  • the detection element may comprise at least one sensor device capable of measuring a wear height of the first element.
  • the invention is in no way limited by the type of sensor used, but it can advantageously be provided that the sensor device is intended to be at least partly installed in the first element so as to occupy only a portion of the length of this first element, especially in the case of a strip of a pantograph system.
  • a catenary wire is generally installed to form a zigzag along an expected path of travel.
  • the strip extends in a longitudinal direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the direction of instantaneous movement of the vehicle. Due to this zigzag installation, the catenary wire is arranged slightly oblique with respect to this direction of displacement.
  • the catenary wire is in contact with the strip on a contact zone representing only a portion of the length of the strip, and this zone evolves along the strip when the vehicle on which the pantograph is mounted is driven in motion . Thanks to this zigzag arrangement, it is thus possible to expect a better distribution of wear than if the contact zone remained substantially the same during the displacement. In other words, the wear profile is more homogeneous than if the catenary wire was substantially rectilinear with respect to a path of displacement.
  • the sensor device in the case of application to a pantograph system, can be arranged to detect a catenary passage when the contact zone corresponds to this portion of the strip, at least when the wear height of the band at the band portion has exceeded a threshold.
  • the portion of band length occupied by a sensor device may for example represent between 0.01% and 20% of the length of the strip, advantageously between 0.1% and 5% of the length of the strip.
  • the band length portion occupied by a sensor device may for example correspond to a length of between 0.1 millimeter and 10 centimeters, preferably between 1 millimeter and 1 centimeter.
  • the sensor device can be arranged to be able to measure at least two different wear heights.
  • a point sensor device capable of measuring at least two levels of wear and capable of detecting moments of catenary passage.
  • This monitoring system makes it possible to track wear, since the sensor device or devices can measure several wear heights.
  • the passage of the catenary wire is detected, it is possible to correlate the wear relatively easily with the mileage traveled.
  • the catenary son are arranged in zigzag with distances, in the direction of movement, between the relatively regular zigzag extrema. It is thus possible to assume the distance traveled between two detections of passage of the catenary wire, and thus to qualify relatively easily the wear per kilometer traveled.
  • the measurement of the at least two different wear heights can advantageously be made from the signal at the instants of detection of catenary passage, for example from the amplitude of this signal at these times.
  • electrical contact is meant that current is collected / transmitted, either because there is contact in the mechanical sense of the term (for example the strip touches the catenary wire), or because the first and second elements are sufficiently close to the contact area for arcing to form and transmit electric power.
  • the sensor device may comprise at least one conductive element.
  • the catenary passage can be detected following the passage of current from the catenary wire in the conductive element.
  • the current from the catenary wire can pass, during the electrical contact with the sensor device, by one or more conductive elements, and this current passage can be detected.
  • the invention is of course not limited to this type of sensor.
  • the sensor device may comprise at least two conductive elements, each conductive element extending inside the first element, for example of the band, up to a height, for example a height of band associated with this conductive element.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the use of several conductive elements each having an associated wear height.
  • the resistance encountered by the electrons from the second element is thus a function of the length of the resistive element to be scanned, and therefore of the height of the first element to the portion corresponding to this sensor device.
  • the detection element may comprise a plurality of sensor devices intended to be installed on the same first element, for example the same band, so that the first element length portions corresponding to this plurality sensor devices are distinct from one another. In other words, it is possible to distribute the sensor devices along the first element, for example the band.
  • the wear monitoring can thus be more precise and in addition, it is better to estimate the homogeneity of the wear along the first element.
  • This system can thus be relatively accurate, even in turn-like or tunnel-like road portions, in which the catenary wire is likely to move relative to the web in a range corresponding to only a portion of the length. Of the band.
  • the invention is in no way limited to this embodiment, and it could for example provide a system with a single sensor device installed for example in the middle of the band.
  • the conductive elements may be made mainly or completely of copper.
  • the elements of the same sensor device can be separated from each other by an insulator, for example ceramic or glass fibers.
  • each conductive element may be sheet-shaped.
  • the sensor device may advantageously be installed so that at least one conductive sheet, and preferably each conductive sheet is disposed in a plane having a normal vector substantially in the direction of travel.
  • At least one sensor device may comprise a stack of sheets separated two by two by the insulator. This stack may advantageously be embedded in a resin.
  • the detection circuit may comprise at least one insulated wire for crack detection or breakage and be devoid of sensor device for measuring the wear height.
  • the detection circuit may comprise at least one sensor device for measuring the wear height and be devoid of crack detection or breaking means, of the insulated wire type or otherwise.
  • the detection circuit may comprise both at least one insulated wire for the detection of cracks or breakage, and at least one sensor device for measuring the wear height.
  • this at least one insulated wire and this at least one sensor device can be connected in series or bypass from a single input wire for connection to the second winding.
  • this signal between the terminals of the first winding is extracted both information as to cracking or breaking and information as to wear.
  • an assembly comprising the monitoring system described above, as well as the first element.
  • the assembly may be a vehicle drive assembly, for example a pantograph assembly, comprising a monitoring system as described above, as well as the current transmission band.
  • the monitoring system can be installed on the tape.
  • an electrically driven vehicle comprising a monitoring system and / or a pantograph assembly as described above, for example a railway power train, or the like.
  • the transformer comprising a second winding installed in an electrical detection circuit further comprising a reference branch of the electrical potential of the detection circuit, this branch being in contact with the second element or with weakly resistive conducting means in contact with the second element, so that the voltage detection circuit mass is equal to or very close to the voltage of the second element, and at least one detection element installed in or on the first element, this detection element being arranged so that the current flowing through this detection element is then a function of the state of the first element, - estimating from the signal received at least one parameter value representative of the state of the first element, and
  • control signal may comprise for example a pantograph positioning control signal to lower the pantograph in the event of detection of a failure of the band.
  • This method may for example be implemented by a processing device of the processor type, for example a microcontroller, a microprocessor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), or other.
  • a processing device of the processor type for example a microcontroller, a microprocessor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), or other.
  • a processing device comprising receiving means for performing the reception step described above, for example an input port, an input pin or the like, and processing means for carrying out the operation.
  • estimation step described above for example, a processor core or the like, and transmitting means, for example an output port, an output pin, or the like, for transmitting the processed signal to control of the pantograph, for example a stepper motor.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a part of a monitoring system according to one embodiment of the invention, when installed in a sensor strip in contact with a catenary wire.
  • Figure 2 shows in more detail an example of a sensor device for the monitoring system schematically shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a top view schematically showing an example of a sensor device of the monitoring system of Figures 1 and 2, when installed on a partially shown band, and in contact with a catenary wire also partially shown.
  • FIG. 4 schematically represents an example of a monitoring system according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 shows schematically an example of a monitoring system according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the appearance of a voltage signal measured at the terminals of a first winding of a transformer of a surveillance system according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart for illustrating an exemplary method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a band 1 made mainly or completely of carbon extends in a longitudinal direction corresponding here to the vector x.
  • This carbon band is transverse with respect to a direction of movement of the electric traction vehicle on which this band is mounted, this direction of displacement corresponding to the vector y.
  • the terms front, rear refer to the front and rear directions of the vehicle on which is mounted the monitoring system described.
  • the vertical direction can be the direction of the gravity vector.
  • the axes x, y, z correspond respectively to the longitudinal direction of the capture band, the direction of movement of the vehicle, and the vertical direction.
  • the monitoring system is installed on a powerplant installed on a flat and horizontal ground, and in a location without a turn, that is, say that it is assumed that the capture band extends longitudinally in a direction normal to the vertical and the direction of displacement.
  • the longitudinal direction attached to the capture band, the direction of movement may not be quite normal between them and the plane defined by these two directions may not be perfectly horizontal.
  • the strip 1 is disposed under a high voltage catenary wire 2 (for example 1500 V or 25000 V), and when the vehicle is moving, the strip 1 can be in contact with the catenary wire 2, in order to collect the current electrical required to pull the vehicle.
  • a high voltage catenary wire 2 for example 1500 V or 25000 V
  • the catenary wire 2 is generally arranged zigzag along the expected path for the vehicle, that is to say that when the vehicle is moved in the y direction, the catenary wire 2 performs a scan relative to the strip 1, in the direction x.
  • the strip 1 is thus traversed longitudinally by the catenary wire 2, which allows a better distribution of the wear of the strip.
  • the monitoring system of this embodiment comprises a plurality of sensor devices 3, each sensor device occupying a relatively small portion of the length of the strip 1.
  • the strip 1 may extend in the x direction on nearly one meter, while each sensor device 3 may have a diameter of a few millimeters, for example 3 millimeters.
  • the sensor devices 3 are arranged at different locations along the belt 1, so that when the vehicle is driven in motion, these sensor devices are intended to be in contact with the catenary wire 2 one after the other .
  • Each sensor device 3 comprises conductive elements referenced 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in FIG.
  • the catenary wire 2 When the catenary wire 2 is in contact with a conductive element, current from this catenary wire passes into this conductive element.
  • the conductive element is connected via a cable 4 to a processing device, local or remote, and the electrical signal from the catenary wire 2 can thus be detected by this device. processing, thus making it possible to detect the passage of the catenary wire at the level of the corresponding sensor device.
  • the cable 4 is part of an electrical detection circuit having its mass voltage equal to the voltage of the strip. In operation, the strip is in contact with the wire 2, so that the ground voltage of the detection circuit is equal to or very close to the voltage of the catenary wire 2.
  • a contact between the catenary wire 2 and a conductive element among the elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, is equivalent to a grounding of this conductive element, which modifies the equivalent resistance of the detection circuit.
  • each sensor device 3 comprises a plurality of conductive elements 5, here made of copper and leaf form extending substantially in the plane normal to the y direction.
  • Each of these copper sheets 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 is connected to a corresponding resistor 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, also connected to the cable 4.
  • the electrical signal received during the passage of catenary wire will have a value depending on the resistance values 15 and 16.
  • Resistors 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 may have different values, or not.
  • the electrical signal measured during the catenary passage is thus a function of the effective wear height.
  • the electrical signal on the cable 4 may be in the form of a set of peaks, each peak corresponding to the passage of the catenary wire on a sensor device, and the amplitude of the peaks being representative of the level of wear.
  • the wear By associating the time interval between two peaks at a predetermined distance, a function of the zigzagging of the catenary wire, and a function of the band gap between two adjacent sensor devices, the wear can be correlated with mileage traveled.
  • the sensor device 3 may have a diameter of the order of a few millimeters, and a height corresponding for example to 50-90% of the height of the strip in new condition, for example between a few millimeters and a few centimeters.
  • the catenary wire may have a diameter of the order of a centimeter, that is to say that the contact area may extend in the x direction for a few millimeters, for example 2 or 3 mm.
  • the carbon band 1 may have a width in the y direction, for example between 35 and 60 millimeters.
  • the copper sheets 5, 6, 7, 8 9 may be insulated from each other by a ceramic material, and the stack comprising these copper sheets and the ceramic may be embedded in a resin, the resin assembly plus stack having and a section of diameter of about 3 millimeters.
  • connection between the copper foils 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and the corresponding resistors 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 can be carried out by brazing at a relatively high temperature.
  • the invention is not limited to a predetermined number of sensor devices.
  • the invention is also not limited by the number of copper foils in a sensor device.
  • five conductive elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are provided, thus making it possible to measure five different wear heights.
  • a monitoring system 40 comprises an isolation transformer 50 comprising a first winding 31 and a second winding 22.
  • the system 40 comprises an electric detection circuit 20 and an electric measuring circuit 30.
  • the detection circuit comprises a reference branch 23 in contact with the strip 1, that is to say that the ground of the circuit 20 is at the potential of the catenary wire as long as there is contact between the strip 1 and the wire 2.
  • the reference branch 23 could be welded to a bracket not shown.
  • a generator 21 makes it possible to inject a current on this detection circuit 20.
  • This current can vary sinusoidally, with a peak amplitude of for example a few milliamps, and a frequency of, for example, several kHz, for example 4 kHz.
  • the generator 2 1 and the first winding 31 are arranged in series, so that the first winding 31 is traversed by the generated current.
  • the transformer 50 makes it possible to isolate the measuring circuit 30 from the ground voltage of the detection circuit 20.
  • the detection circuit comprises two detection elements connected in parallel, namely a set of sensor devices 3 for measuring the wear of the strip 2, and an insulated wire 25 bonded to the strip.
  • the insulated wire 25 has a wire resistance Rm, due to the linear resistance of a conductive core of this sheathed wire 25.
  • the sensor devices 3 are each similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • This set of sensors 3 is connected in parallel with a resistor R3.
  • the ends of this or these conductive elements are at the same potential as an end node 27 in contact with the strip 2 If the contact between this or these conductive element (s) of the sensor 3 and the catenary wire is effected via an electric arc, these ends are at substantially the same potential as the node 27.
  • the current injected by the generator 2 1 then meets a resistance equal to the resistance Rm plus the equivalent resistance to the parallel mounting of the resistors R3 and Rh.
  • the insulated wire 25 is relatively fragile, and therefore liable to break in the event of web breakage. No current then passes into the detection circuit and the signal measured across the winding 31 goes to zero. In case of contact between a broken end of the wire 25 and the band, the resistance encountered becomes quite low, depending on the length of wire corresponding to this end, and we can also detect the rupture of the band. In case of wire break detection 25, a control signal is generated so as to control the lowering of the pantograph.
  • the measuring circuit comprises a resistor R32 connected in series with the generator 21, and a processor 33 for receiving a voltage signal proportional to the signal across the winding 31.
  • one of the terminals of the winding 22 is in electrical contact with a current collection bracket (not shown), installed under the strip.
  • a reference branch 23 between this terminal and the stirrup is thus connected to a non-resistive conductive element in contact with the band.
  • not only one insulated wire 25, but two wires 25, 25 'with different mechanical strength properties are provided.
  • the wire 25 ' has a lower breaking strength than that of the sheathed wire 25. This wire 25 can thus be broken while the wire 25 is still intact, thereby detecting cracking before breaking the strip.
  • a node 28 provides bypassing the insulated wires 25, 25 ', and also a set of sensor devices 3 similar to the set described above.
  • Figure 6 shows a theoretical example of the type of curve that could be recorded by a processor 33 during the life of a carbon band.
  • the abscissa corresponds to time and the ordinate to tensions.
  • the catenary wire does not touch any wear sensor 3.
  • the equivalent resistance of the detection circuit is therefore equal to the sum of the resistor R3 and the equivalent resistance to parallel mounting of the insulated wires. .
  • the catenary wire touches a wear sensor 3, the wear depth being relatively low at the wear sensor in contact with the catenary wire 2.
  • the equivalent resistance the detection circuit is therefore equal to the sum of the resistance R3 and the equivalent resistance to the parallel mounting of the insulated wires and this wear sensor. The equivalent resistance is therefore lower than at the instant ti, and the recorded voltage is therefore higher than at this moment
  • Time t3 corresponds to a catenary passage time at a sensor 3, at which the depth of wear is relatively high.
  • the resistance opposed by this wear sensor is therefore lower than that opposed by the sensor in contact with the catenary wire at time t2.
  • the peak corresponding to this instant t3 is therefore higher in amplitude than that corresponding to the instant t2.
  • the instant t 4 corresponds to a break of the most fragile wire 25 '.
  • the equivalent resistance of the circuit increases accordingly, and the measured voltage drops sharply.
  • the instant corresponds to a breaking of the most solid wire 25.
  • the voltage drops to zero.
  • a pantograph lowering control signal is output, which prevents recording further peaks thereafter.
  • FIG. 7 is a logic diagram for illustrating an exemplary method implemented in the processor referenced 33 in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a voltage signal U (t) is received from which an equivalent resistance value of the detection circuit is estimated during a step not shown.
  • a value of wear parameter S w and a break parameter value Sb are deduced from this equivalent resistance value.
  • a test step 103 it is ensured that the wear has not exceeded an acceptable threshold THR and that the band is not broken. It can also be ensured that the value of wear per kilometer traveled does not exceed a threshold THR 'not shown.
  • an SCONTROL signal is generated, allowing contact between the strip and the catenary wire. Then the processor goes into a standby state during a step 106, before receiving a new voltage value.
  • the signal SCONTROL takes a value, for example equal to 1, to impose the lowering of the pantograph.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
EP16742366.4A 2015-06-30 2016-06-30 Überwachung des zustands eines ersten elements, das zu einem zweiten element relativ beweglich ist und an dem besagten zweiten element reibt Withdrawn EP3317138A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1556139A FR3038270B1 (fr) 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 Surveillance de l'etat d'un premier element mobile par rapport a un deuxieme element et frottant contre ce deuxieme element.
PCT/FR2016/051662 WO2017001800A1 (fr) 2015-06-30 2016-06-30 Surveillance de l'etat d'un premier element mobile par rapport a un deuxieme element et frottant contre ce deuxieme element

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FR3073806B1 (fr) * 2017-11-17 2021-04-16 Sncf Mobilites Dispositif de mesure des brosses de contact
FR3080577B1 (fr) * 2018-04-26 2022-06-24 Faiveley Transp Tours Bande de frottement d'un pantographe, vehicule ferroviaire et procede de surveillance correspondants
CN108981556B (zh) * 2018-07-11 2020-02-28 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种受电弓滑板磨损检测装置及其检测方法
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CN107980098A (zh) 2018-05-01
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FR3038270A1 (fr) 2017-01-06

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