EP3315669A1 - Combination freezing head for nitrogen brine icing - Google Patents
Combination freezing head for nitrogen brine icing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3315669A1 EP3315669A1 EP17020084.4A EP17020084A EP3315669A1 EP 3315669 A1 EP3315669 A1 EP 3315669A1 EP 17020084 A EP17020084 A EP 17020084A EP 3315669 A1 EP3315669 A1 EP 3315669A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection
- freezing head
- interior
- coolant
- freezing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 53
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 title description 28
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 27
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
- E02D19/14—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by freezing the soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
- E02D3/115—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means by freezing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for freezing soil.
- the icing process is often used.
- methods are known which use liquid nitrogen or liquefied air as the coolant.
- the icing with a brine which in turn is tempered by a refrigeration system.
- the present invention has the object to provide a device for freezing soil, which allows easy production and maintenance of an ice body with different coolants.
- the device according to the invention or the freezing head according to the invention thus makes it possible to use two different coolants, for example a first coolant, which is in particular liquid nitrogen, and a second coolant, which is in particular a brine, due to the formation of the device now no longer completely different connections must be prepared and installed when switching from nitrogen to brine.
- a first coolant which is in particular liquid nitrogen
- a second coolant which is in particular a brine
- a corresponding line must be relocated, so that first the nitrogen off-gas can be removed via the third connection and then the heated brine.
- the brine must be forced out of the freezing head via one of the pipes.
- the invention thus eliminates an increased installation costs and correspondingly high costs in the production of a frost body with two different coolants. Furthermore, in particular, it is also possible to support a brine circuit in a comparatively simple manner at points with nitrogen cooling.
- the two guided in the freezing head lines are preferably designed as risers, which extend along the longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis extends, for example, along the vertical, when the freezing head is arranged as intended or ready for use (other directions are also possible, depending on the spatial position of a recess in which the freezing head is arranged).
- the axial direction of the freezing head or the lines thus designates the direction along the longitudinal axis, whereas the radial direction of the lines or the freezing head means a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (radial) direction.
- the first connection is formed on the first line, so that the first cooling medium (eg liquid nitrogen or another suitable liquid gas) via the first connection in the first line and from there into the interior in particular the first connection is provided on the front side on the first line, so that the first coolant in the axial direction of the first line in the first conduit and in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced.
- the first cooling medium eg liquid nitrogen or another suitable liquid gas
- the second connection is formed outside the freezing head on the first line, via the second connection, the second coolant (eg a brine) in the first line and from there into the interior of the freezing head can be introduced.
- the third connection outside the freezing head may be formed on the second line, the first coolant (eg nitrogen), in particular as a gaseous phase (eg nitrogen exhaust gas), or the second coolant (eg brine) via the third connection the second line and from the interior of the freezing head is removable.
- the first line serves here for introducing the first coolant (for example liquid nitrogen or liquid air) or the second coolant (for example a brine, for example in the form of a CaCl 2 solution), wherein, for example, a frost body is built up by means of the first coolant, which is subsequently held by means of the second coolant.
- the second line or the third connection then serves to remove the first coolant (in particular as a gaseous phase when using a liquefied gas as the first coolant) or the second coolant.
- the conversion from the first coolant to the second coolant requires no conversion on the flow side. On the return side of the conversion can be done easily by attaching the connections.
- the brine is forced out of the freezing head via the second conduit.
- the device has at least four ports, the second coolant being removable from the interior of the freezing head via those fourth ports, and the first coolant being removable from the interior of the freezing head, in particular via the third port is.
- the fourth connection is formed on the end face of the second line, so that the second coolant (eg brine) can be withdrawn therefrom in the axial direction of the second line (ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis) in particular, the third connection is formed laterally on the second line, so that the first coolant (eg nitrogen), in particular in the form of a gaseous phase, in the radial direction of the second line from the second line is removable, and wherein in particular the second terminal laterally is formed of the first line, so that the second coolant in the radial direction of the first line in the first conduit and in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced.
- the second coolant eg brine
- the third connection is formed laterally on the second line, so that the first coolant (eg nitrogen), in particular in the form of a gaseous phase, in the radial direction of the second line from the second line is removable, and wherein in particular the second terminal laterally is formed of the first line, so that the second coolant in the radial direction
- the third and the fourth connection are each provided on a jacket of the freezing head, wherein in particular the third and the fourth connection are flow-connected to a common connection, which preferably in radial from the jacket of the freezing head Direction going, with the two coolants are removable via said nozzle in the radial direction of the freezing head from the interior of the freezing head.
- Said nozzle with the third or fourth connection provided thereon is in particular T-shaped.
- the third and the fourth connection are each provided separately on a jacket of the freezing head, wherein the third and the fourth connection are each formed on an associated nozzle, wherein the two nozzles from the jacket of the Freeze head off, and with the two nozzles preferably in each case in a radial direction, preferably in the opposite direction, depart from the jacket (in particular, the third and the fourth connection or the respectively assigned nozzle are provided on opposite sides of the freezing head), so that the respective coolant via the respective nozzle respectively in the radial direction of the freezing head from the interior of the freezing head is removable.
- the device has at least five connections, wherein the interior of the freezing head can be vented via the fifth connection, e.g. before a conversion from the first coolant (eg liquid gas such as nitrogen) to the second coolant (eg brine), and / or via the second coolant from the interior of the freezing head can be pushed out (eg in a conversion from the second coolant (eg brine) to the first Coolant (eg LPG).
- first coolant eg liquid gas such as nitrogen
- the second coolant eg brine
- the second coolant eg brine
- said fifth connection is formed laterally on the said connection piece on which the fourth connection is also formed (see above).
- the fifth connection may also be provided separately on the jacket of the freezing head, wherein in particular the fifth connection is formed on an associated connection piece which extends from the jacket of the freezing head, preferably in the radial direction of the jacket.
- the device has at least six ports, via the sixth port, a gaseous medium in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced, so that in particular by means of the gaseous medium, the second coolant from the interior of the freezing head is Studbar, eg when changing from the second coolant (e.g., brine) to the first coolant (e.g., liquid nitrogen).
- a gaseous medium in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced, so that in particular by means of the gaseous medium, the second coolant from the interior of the freezing head is
- the second coolant e.g., brine
- the first coolant e.g., liquid nitrogen
- the sixth connection is provided separately on the jacket of the freezing head, wherein in particular the sixth connection is formed on an associated or separate connection piece which extends from the jacket of the freezing head, preferably in the radial direction.
- the sixth connection may also be formed laterally on the said connection piece on which the third connection is also formed (see above).
- the first and / or the second line respectively enter the freezing head in the axial direction (i.e., in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the freezing head or in the direction of the respective longitudinal axis of the relevant line).
- the freezing head is closed at the bottom by a bottom adjoining the casing and at the top by a cover adjoining the casing, in particular the first and / or the second pipe are guided over said lid in the interior of the freezing head.
- the first line extends deeper into the interior of the freezing head along the longitudinal axis of the freezing head than the second line.
- the second conduit may protrude deeper into the interior than the first conduit. If necessary, the two lines can also protrude deep into the interior.
- first and / or the second line can optionally be arranged axially displaceable in the interior of the freezing head along the longitudinal axis, in each case via a cloth liner packing.
- connections or the associated line / nozzle
- a plurality of the connections or the respectively assigned line or nozzle
- all connections or the respectively associated line or nozzles in each case by means of a valve of the device, in particular in each case by means of a remote-controlled valve, can be shut off.
- the respective connection for withdrawing the first cooling medium and the respective connection for withdrawing the second cooling medium from the interior of the freezing head are arranged spatially in the same plane or at different levels (the said levels extend in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the freezing head).
- the device has at least one or more temperature sensors which are each fixedly connected to the freezing head.
- the temperature sensors can serve, for example, for controlling the inflow of the first or second coolant.
- the temperature measurement can be done directly in the medium.
- a T-piece is integrated or a sleeve is welded / soldered, so that the temperature sensor can be installed directly into the coolant flow.
- the first coolant is nitrogen and / or that the second coolant is a brine.
- nitrogen other liquefied gases can also be used, for example helium.
- the lines for introducing the first coolant and the second coolant into the freezing head in the axial direction are provided.
- the stubs for withdrawing the first and the second coolant in the radial direction emerge from the freezing head.
- connections with the nozzles, lines or the jacket can be welded, soldered, screwed or connected in any other way.
- the diameters and lengths of the individual components, in particular the first and the second line, the nozzle and the jacket of the freezing head can vary.
- the connections can be integrally formed with the freezing head, the lines or the nozzle (eg milled from the solid and / or rotated).
- the first coolant is withdrawn from the freezing head via a separate third port.
- the second coolant is withdrawn from the freezing head via a separate fourth port.
- the freezing head is vented via a separate fifth connection, in particular before a changeover from the first coolant to the second coolant.
- the second coolant can be pushed out of the interior of the freezing head via the fifth connection (eg during a changeover from the second coolant to the first coolant.
- a gaseous medium is introduced into the interior of the freezing head via a separate sixth connection, so that in particular by means of the gaseous medium the second coolant is forced out of the interior of the freezing head, e.g. when changing from the second coolant (e.g., brine) to the first coolant (e.g., liquid nitrogen).
- the second coolant e.g., brine
- the first coolant e.g., liquid nitrogen
- an inventive device 1 for freezing of soil as you in the FIGS. 1 to 11 1, a freeze head 100 extending along a longitudinal axis L configured to be disposed in a recess in the ground so that the cold of the respective coolant can be delivered via the freezing head 100 to the surrounding soil.
- the freezing head 100 in this case has a jacket 101, which is in particular cylindrical and extends along the said longitudinal axis or cylinder axis L and surrounds an interior 102 of the freezing head 100, which serves to receive the coolant F or S, surrounds. Furthermore, the freezing head 100 or the interior 102 can be closed at the bottom by a bottom 103 adjoining the casing 101 and at the top by a cover 104 adjoining the casing 101.
- the inventive device 1 according to the FIGS. 1 to 11 a first line 10, which serves for introducing a first cooling medium F (in particular liquid nitrogen) or a different second cooling medium S (eg brine) into an interior 102 of the freezing head 100, wherein the first line 100 opens into the interior 102, and a second line 20, which serves for introducing the second cooling medium S into the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 or for drawing off the first and / or the second cooling medium F, S from the interior 102 of the freezing head 100, the second line 20 also in the Interior 102 of the freezing head 100 opens.
- the first and / or the second line 10, 20 is guided via the said cover 104 into the interior 102 of the freezing head 100.
- the two lines 10, 20 are in the FIGS. 1 to 11 Preferably designed as risers that extend along the longitudinal axis L of the device 1 and the freezing head 100, wherein the longitudinal axis extends, for example, along the vertical when the freezing head 100 is arranged as intended or ready for operation.
- the freezing head 100 can also be operated in other spatial positions.
- the axial direction of the freezing head 100 or the lines 10, 20 thus represents the direction along the longitudinal axis, whereas the radial direction of the lines 10, 20 and the freezing head 100 means a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L or axial direction.
- the device 1 generally has at least three separate connections A1, A2, A3, namely a first connection A1, via which the first cooling medium F can be introduced into the interior 102 of the freezing head 100, a second connection A2, via which the second cooling medium S in the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 is introduced, and a third port A3, via which the first or the second coolant F, S from the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 is removable (in this regard, for example in the FIGS. 1 and 2 be dispensed with one of the ports A3 or A4, so that for withdrawing the coolant (return) F, S in each case only one port is available, so that when changing the coolant then a corresponding, leading to the port line has to be relocated.
- the first port A1 is formed on the front side of the first line 10, so that the first cooling medium F via the first port A1 in the axial direction L in the first line 10 and from there into the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 can be introduced.
- the second connection A2 outside the freezing head 100 is formed laterally on the first line 10, wherein the second coolant S can be introduced in the radial direction into the first line 10 and from there into the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 via the second connection A2.
- the second connection A2 can in this case be provided on the front side on a connection 11 which branches off the first line 10 in the radial direction or perpendicular to the first line 10 outside the freezing head 100.
- the third connection A3 is likewise formed laterally outside the freezing head 100 on the second line 20, the return of the first coolant F (in particular as a gaseous phase) being removable via the third connection A3 from the second line 20 or the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 is.
- the third port A3 may in this case be provided on the front side on a connecting piece 21 which extends in the radial direction or perpendicularly from the second line 20 outside the freezing head 100.
- the fourth port A4 is provided on the front side of the second conduit 20, so that the return of the second coolant S from the interior 102 of the freezing head 20 in the axial direction can be withdrawn via the fourth port A4.
- the third and the fourth port A3, A4 are each provided on the shell 101 of the freezing head 100, wherein in particular the third and the fourth port A3, A4 are formed on a common nozzle 34 and in fluid communication therewith can be brought, which goes away from the jacket 101 of the freezing head 100 in the radial direction, wherein the two coolant F, S are removable via the said nozzle 34 in the radial direction of the freezing head 100 from the interior 102 of the freezing head 100.
- the third port A3 and the fourth port A4 may each be formed on the front side on a connecting piece 34a or 34b, which each run perpendicular to the common port 34 and depart from it.
- the two sockets 34a, 34b are aligned with each other and may also be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the shell 101.
- first port A1 is provided on the front side of the first conduit 10 and serves to introduce the first coolant F in the axial direction L in the interior 102 of the freezing head 100.
- the second port A2 is here provided on the front side of the second conduit 20 so that on the second port A2, the second coolant S in the axial direction L in the second conduit 20 and in the interior 102 of the freezing head 101 can be introduced.
- FIG. 3 shows a modification of the in FIG. 2 shown embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention, in which case the first and the second terminal A1, A2 as in the in the FIG. 2 shown embodiment are configured.
- the third and the fourth port A3, A4 are each provided separately on the shell 101 of the freezing head 100, wherein the third and the fourth port A3, A4 are each frontally formed on an associated port 30, 40, wherein those connecting pieces 30, 40 depart from the shell 101 each in a radial direction, preferably in the opposite direction.
- the third and the fourth connection or the respectively associated connection piece 30, 40 are provided on mutually opposite sides of the jacket 101.
- the respective coolant F, S can therefore be withdrawn via the respective nozzle 30, 40 respectively in the radial direction of the freezing head 100 from the interior 102 of the freezing head 100.
- FIG. 4 an embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention, which is a modification of the in the FIG. 3 shown device 1, which now - in contrast to FIG. 3 has five connections A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 (the connections A1, A2, A3, A4 are in the manner of FIG. 3 configured), wherein via the fifth port A5, the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 can be vented, for example, before switching from the first coolant (eg LPG) to the second coolant (eg brine) and / or via the second coolant S from the interior 102nd the freezing head 100 can be pushed out, for example during a changeover from the second coolant S (eg brine) to the first coolant F (eg liquid gas).
- first coolant eg LPG
- second coolant eg brine
- F eg liquid gas
- the fifth terminal A5 is laterally formed on the said neck 40, according to FIG. 3 the fourth port A4 is formed on the front side.
- the fifth connection A5 is preferably provided on the front side on a connection piece 40a, which in particular runs vertically away from the connection piece 40 and in particular runs parallel to the axial direction L.
- FIG. 5 a modification of the in the FIG. 4 shown device 1, wherein here in contrast to FIG. 4 the fifth connection A5 is provided separately on the jacket 101 of the freezing head 100, wherein the fifth connection A5 is formed on the end face on a connection piece 50 which extends away from the mantle 101, preferably in the radial direction of the jacket 101.
- Fig. 6 further shows an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention, which is a modification of the in the FIG. 5 shown device 1 acts.
- the device 1 now has an additional sixth connection A6 via which a gaseous medium G in the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 is introduced, so that in particular by means of the gaseous medium G, the second coolant S from the interior 102 of the freezing head 100 can be pushed out, for example when changing from the second coolant S (eg brine) to the first Coolant F (eg liquid nitrogen).
- the second coolant S eg brine
- the first Coolant F eg liquid nitrogen
- the terminals A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 are configured as described above in connection with FIG FIG. 5 explained.
- the said sixth port A6 is now according to FIG. 6 is provided separately on the shell 101 of the freezing head 100, wherein the sixth port A6 is preferably frontally formed on an associated separate port 60, which extends from the shell 101 in the radial direction.
- the sixth connection A6 can also be formed laterally on the said connection piece 30, on which the third connection A3 is also formed on the front side.
- the sixth terminal A6 according to FIG. 7 be provided on the front side on a connecting piece 30a, which opens vertically into the said nozzle 30.
- the nozzle 30a may be parallel to the axial direction L extends.
- FIGS. 8 to 11 show plan views of the freezing head 100, in particular on the lid 104, in the axial direction L, to illustrate possible orientations of the above-described nozzle.
- Fig. 8 a plan view of an inventive device 1 in the axial direction L in the manner of FIG. 3 , wherein the two ports 30, 40 and the front side provided thereon ports A3, A4 for withdrawing the first coolant F (eg nitrogen exhaust) or the heated second coolant S (eg brine) in opposite directions (each radially) depart from the shell 101.
- the two stubs 30, 40 can be arranged in different planes, wherein those planes are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or axial direction L.
- Fig. 9 shows an alternative orientation of the two stubs 30, 40 to each other, here in contrast to FIG. 8 the two stubs 30, 40 each depart radially from the jacket, but in each case at an angle of 90 °.
- Fig. 10 further shows a plan view of an inventive device 1 in the axial direction L, which in the manner of FIG. 2 is formed, in which case the nozzle 34 in the radial direction from the casing 101 and the two outgoing from the nozzle 34 nozzles 34a and 34b, on which the front side of the third port A3 and the fourth port A4 are formed, in turn aligned with each other, in the axial direction L extend and depart in opposite directions from the common port 34.
- Fig. 11 shows in this respect a modification, in which case the two sockets 34a and 34b, in contrast to FIG. 10 run perpendicular to the axial direction L.
- First coolant S Second coolant G Gaseous medium L longitudinal axis
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung (1) zum Gefrieren von Erdreich, mit einem entlang einer Längsachse (L) erstreckten Gefrierkopf (100), einer ersten Leitung (10) zum Einleiten eines ersten Kühlmediums (F) oder eines davon verschiedenen zweiten Kühlmediums (S) in einen Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100), wobei die erste Leitung (100) in den Innenraum (102) mündet, einer zweiten Leitung (20) zum Einleiten des zweiten Kühlmediums (S) in den Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100) oder zum Abziehen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Kühlmediums (F, S) aus dem Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100), wobei die zweite Leitung (20) in den Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100) mündet, und wobei die Einrichtung (1) zumindest drei separate Anschlüsse (A1, A2, A3) aufweist, nämlich einen ersten Anschluss (A1), über den das erste Kühlmedium (F) in den Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100) einleitbar ist, einen zweiten Anschluss (A2), über den das zweite Kühlmedium (S) in den Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100) einleitbar ist, und einen dritten Anschluss (A3), über den das erste oder das zweite Kühlmittel (F, S) aus dem Innenraum (102) des Gefrierkopfes (100) abziehbar ist. The invention relates to a device (1) for freezing soil, having a freeze head (100) extending along a longitudinal axis (L), a first line (10) for introducing a first cooling medium (F) or a second cooling medium (S) different therefrom. into an interior space (102) of the freezer head (100), wherein the first line (100) opens into the interior space (102), a second line (20) for introducing the second cooling medium (S) into the interior space (102) of the freezing head ( 100) or for withdrawing the first and / or the second cooling medium (F, S) from the interior (102) of the freezing head (100), wherein the second conduit (20) opens into the interior (102) of the freezing head (100), and wherein the device (1) has at least three separate connections (A1, A2, A3), namely a first connection (A1), via which the first cooling medium (F) can be introduced into the interior (102) of the freezing head (100), a second port (A2) via which the second cooling medium (S) in d an interior (102) of the freezing head (100) is introduced, and a third port (A3), over which the first or the second coolant (F, S) from the interior (102) of the freezing head (100) is removable.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Gefrieren von Erdreich.The invention relates to a device for freezing soil.
Zum Verfestigen oder Abdichten von Erdreich, insbesondere Baugrund, wird häufig das Vereisungsverfahren eingesetzt. Bekannt sind diesbezüglich Verfahren, die flüssigen Stickstoff oder verflüssigte Luft als Kühlmittel verwenden. Ebenso bekannt ist die Vereisung mit einer Sole, die ihrerseits durch eine Kälteanlage temperiert wird.For solidifying or sealing soil, especially ground, the icing process is often used. In this regard, methods are known which use liquid nitrogen or liquefied air as the coolant. Also known is the icing with a brine, which in turn is tempered by a refrigeration system.
Die Vereisung von Erdreich mit Stickstoff erfolgt aufgrund der tiefen Temperatur von flüssigem Stickstoff deutlich schneller als mit einer Sole, wohingegen die laufenden Kosten (Energiekosten) bei längeren Einfrierzeiten bei flüssigem Stickstoff deutlich höher liegen als bei Sole.Due to the low temperature of liquid nitrogen, icing of soil with nitrogen takes place much faster than with brine, whereas the running costs (energy costs) for longer freezing times for liquid nitrogen are significantly higher than for brine.
Aufgrund der Anforderungen an die Einfrierdauer, die möglichst kurz ausfallen soll, und der Aufrechterhaltung des gefrorenen Zustands des behandelten Erdreichs (immer länger) sind verschiedentlich Bodenvereisungen durchgeführt worden, bei denen zuerst mit flüssigem Stickstoff ein Eiskörper aufgebaut wird und dieser anschließend mit einer Solekühlung aufrechterhalten wird.Due to the requirements of the freezing time, which should be as short as possible, and the maintenance of the frozen state of the treated soil (increasingly longer) various ground freezing has been carried out in which first with liquid nitrogen, an ice body is built and this is then maintained with a brine cooling ,
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zum Gefrieren von Erdreich bereitzustellen, die ein einfaches Erzeugen und Aufrechterhalten eines Eiskörpers mit unterschiedlichen Kühlmitteln erlaubt.Against this background, the present invention has the object to provide a device for freezing soil, which allows easy production and maintenance of an ice body with different coolants.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Einrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend beschrieben.This object is achieved by a device having the features of
Gemäß Anspruch 1 ist eine Einrichtung zum Gefrieren von Erdreich vorgesehen, mit:
- einem entlang einer Längsachse erstreckten Gefrierkopf,
- einer ersten Leitung zum Einleiten eines ersten Kühlmediums oder eines davon verschiedenen zweiten Kühlmediums in einen Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes, wobei die erste Leitung in den Innenraum mündet,
- einer zweiten Leitung zum Einleiten des zweiten Kühlmediums in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes oder zum Abziehen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Kühlmediums aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes, wobei die zweite Leitung in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes mündet, und
- wobei die Einrichtung zumindest drei separate Anschlüsse aufweist, nämlich einen ersten Anschluss, über den das erste Kühlmedium in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist, einen zweiten Anschluss, über den das zweite Kühlmedium in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist, und einen dritten Anschluss, über den das erste oder das zweite Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes abziehbar ist.
- a freeze head extended along a longitudinal axis,
- a first conduit for introducing a first cooling medium or a different second cooling medium into an interior of the freezing head, wherein the first conduit opens into the interior,
- a second conduit for introducing the second cooling medium into the interior of the freezing head or for withdrawing the first and / or the second cooling medium from the interior of the freezing head, wherein the second conduit opens into the interior of the freezing head, and
- wherein the device has at least three separate ports, namely a first port, via which the first cooling medium can be introduced into the interior of the freezing head, a second port, via which the second cooling medium can be introduced into the interior of the freezing head, and a third port, via the first or the second coolant is removable from the interior of the freezing head.
Die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung bzw. der erfindungsgemäße Gefrierkopfes ermöglicht auf diese Weise eine Verwendung von zwei verschiedenen Kühlmittel, zum Beispiel eines ersten Kühlmittels, bei dem es sich insbesondere um flüssigen Stickstoff handelt, und eines zweiten Kühlmittels, bei dem es sich insbesondere um eine Sole handelt, wobei aufgrund der Ausbildung der Einrichtung nunmehr bei der Umstellung von Stickstoff auf Sole nicht mehr komplett andere Anschlüsse vorbereitet und installiert werden müssen. Erfindungsgemäß muss nämlich vorliegend höchstens bei der Umstellung zwischen den beiden Kühlmitteln am dritten Anschluss eine entsprechende Leitung umgehängt werden, sodass zunächst das Stickstoff-Abgas über den dritten Anschluss abziehbar ist und sodann die erwärmte Sole. Insbesondere muss zum Wechsel von Sole auf Stickstoff die Sole aus dem Gefrierkopf über eine der Leitungen heraus gedrückt werden.The device according to the invention or the freezing head according to the invention thus makes it possible to use two different coolants, for example a first coolant, which is in particular liquid nitrogen, and a second coolant, which is in particular a brine, due to the formation of the device now no longer completely different connections must be prepared and installed when switching from nitrogen to brine. According to the present invention, in the present case, at the changeover between the two coolants, at the third connection, a corresponding line must be relocated, so that first the nitrogen off-gas can be removed via the third connection and then the heated brine. In particular, to change from brine to nitrogen, the brine must be forced out of the freezing head via one of the pipes.
Durch die Erfindung entfällt mithin ein erhöhter Montageaufwand und entsprechend hohe Kosten bei der Erzeugung eines Frostkörpers mit zwei verschiedenen Kühlmitteln. Weiterhin besteht insbesondere die Möglichkeit auch eine Solevereisung auf vergleichsweise einfache Art punktuell mit einer Stickstoffkühlung zu unterstützen.The invention thus eliminates an increased installation costs and correspondingly high costs in the production of a frost body with two different coolants. Furthermore, in particular, it is also possible to support a brine circuit in a comparatively simple manner at points with nitrogen cooling.
Die beiden in den Gefrierkopf geführten Leitungen sind vorzugsweise als Steigleitungen ausgeführt, die sich entlang der Längsachse erstrecken, wobei sich die Längsachse z.B. entlang der Vertikalen erstreckt, wenn der Gefrierkopf bestimmungsgemäß bzw. betriebsbereit angeordnet ist (andere Richtungen sind auch möglich, je nach Raumlage einer Ausnehmung, in der der Gefrierkopf angeordnet wird). Die axiale Richtung des Gefrierkopfes bzw. der Leitungen bezeichnet also die Richtung entlang der Längsachse, wohingegen die radiale Richtung der Leitungen bzw. des Gefrierkopfes eine zur Längsachse senkrechte (radiale) Richtung meint.The two guided in the freezing head lines are preferably designed as risers, which extend along the longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis extends, for example, along the vertical, when the freezing head is arranged as intended or ready for use (other directions are also possible, depending on the spatial position of a recess in which the freezing head is arranged). The axial direction of the freezing head or the lines thus designates the direction along the longitudinal axis, whereas the radial direction of the lines or the freezing head means a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (radial) direction.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass der erste Anschluss an der ersten Leitung ausgebildet ist, so dass das erste Kühlmedium (z.B. flüssiger Stickstoff oder ein anderes geeignetes Flüssiggas) über den ersten Anschluss in die erste Leitung und von dort in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist, wobei insbesondere der erste Anschluss stirnseitig an der ersten Leitung vorgesehen ist, so dass das erste Kühlmittel in axialer Richtung der ersten Leitung in die erste Leitung sowie in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the first connection is formed on the first line, so that the first cooling medium (eg liquid nitrogen or another suitable liquid gas) via the first connection in the first line and from there into the interior in particular the first connection is provided on the front side on the first line, so that the first coolant in the axial direction of the first line in the first conduit and in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass der zweite Anschluss außerhalb des Gefrierkopfes an der ersten Leitung ausgebildet ist, wobei über den zweiten Anschluss das zweite Kühlmittel (z.B. eine Sole) in die erste Leitung und von dort in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist. Ergänzend oder alternativ hierzu kann weiterhin der dritte Anschluss außerhalb des Gefrierkopfes an der zweiten Leitung ausgebildet ist, wobei über den dritten Anschluss das erste Kühlmittel (z.B. Stickstoff), insbesondere als gasförmige Phase (z.B. Stickstoffabgas), oder das zweite Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole) aus der zweiten Leitung sowie aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes abziehbar ist.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the second connection is formed outside the freezing head on the first line, via the second connection, the second coolant (eg a brine) in the first line and from there into the interior of the freezing head can be introduced. Additionally or alternatively, the third connection outside the freezing head may be formed on the second line, the first coolant (eg nitrogen), in particular as a gaseous phase (eg nitrogen exhaust gas), or the second coolant (eg brine) via the third connection the second line and from the interior of the freezing head is removable.
Hier dient also z.B. die erste Leitung zum Einleiten des ersten Kühlmittels (z.B. flüssiger Stickstoff oder flüssige Luft) oder des zweiten Kühlmittels (z.B. einer Sole, z.B. in Form einer CaCl2-Lösung), wobei z.B. mittels des ersten Kühlmittels ein Frostkörper aufgebaut wird, der anschließend mittels des zweiten Kühlmittels gehalten wird. Die zweite Leitung bzw. der dritte Anschluss dient dann zum Abziehen des ersten Kühlmittels (insbesondere als gasförmige Phase bei der Verwendung eines Flüssiggases als erstem Kühlmittel) bzw. des zweiten Kühlmittels. Der Umbau vom ersten Kühlmittel zum zweiten Kühlmittel erfordert keinen Umbau auf der Vorlaufseite. Auf der Rücklaufseite kann der Umbau leicht durch Umhängen der Anschlüsse erfolgen. Vor dem Umbau vom zweiten Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole) zum ersten Kühlmittel (z.B. Flüssiggas wie flüssiger Stickstoff) wird vorzugsweise die Sole über die zweite Leitung aus dem Gefrierkopf herausgedrückt.Thus, for example, the first line serves here for introducing the first coolant (for example liquid nitrogen or liquid air) or the second coolant (for example a brine, for example in the form of a CaCl 2 solution), wherein, for example, a frost body is built up by means of the first coolant, which is subsequently held by means of the second coolant. The second line or the third connection then serves to remove the first coolant (in particular as a gaseous phase when using a liquefied gas as the first coolant) or the second coolant. The conversion from the first coolant to the second coolant requires no conversion on the flow side. On the return side of the conversion can be done easily by attaching the connections. Before converting from the second coolant (eg brine) to the first coolant (For example, liquid gas such as liquid nitrogen), preferably, the brine is forced out of the freezing head via the second conduit.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass die Einrichtung zumindest vier Anschlüsse aufweist, wobei über jenen vierten Anschluss das zweite Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes abziehbar ist, und wobei insbesondere über den dritten Anschluss das erste Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes abziehbar ist.In accordance with a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the device has at least four ports, the second coolant being removable from the interior of the freezing head via those fourth ports, and the first coolant being removable from the interior of the freezing head, in particular via the third port is.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass der vierte Anschluss stirnseitig an der zweiten Leitung ausgebildet ist, so dass das zweite Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole) in axialer Richtung der zweiten Leitung aus dieser abziehbar ist (d.h. in Richtung der Längsachse), wobei insbesondere der dritte Anschluss lateral an der zweiten Leitung ausgebildet ist, so dass das erste Kühlmittel (z.B. Stickstoff), insbesondere in Form einer gasförmigen Phase, in radialer Richtung der zweiten Leitung aus der zweiten Leitung abziehbar ist, und wobei insbesondere der zweite Anschluss lateral an der ersten Leitung ausgebildet ist, so dass das zweite Kühlmittel in radialer Richtung der ersten Leitung in die erste Leitung sowie in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist.Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the device according to the invention, provision is made for the fourth connection to be formed on the end face of the second line, so that the second coolant (eg brine) can be withdrawn therefrom in the axial direction of the second line (ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis) in particular, the third connection is formed laterally on the second line, so that the first coolant (eg nitrogen), in particular in the form of a gaseous phase, in the radial direction of the second line from the second line is removable, and wherein in particular the second terminal laterally is formed of the first line, so that the second coolant in the radial direction of the first line in the first conduit and in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass der dritte und der vierte Anschluss jeweils an einem Mantel des Gefrierkopfes vorgesehen sind, wobei insbesondere der dritte und der vierte Anschluss mit einem gemeinsamen Stutzen strömungsverbunden sind, der vom Mantel des Gefrierkopfes vorzugsweise in radialer Richtung abgeht, wobei die beiden Kühlmittel über den besagten Stutzen in radialer Richtung des Gefrierkopfes aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes abziehbar sind. Der besagte Stutzen mit dem daran vorgesehenen dritten bzw. vierten Anschluss ist dabei insbesondere T-förmig ausgebildet.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the third and the fourth connection are each provided on a jacket of the freezing head, wherein in particular the third and the fourth connection are flow-connected to a common connection, which preferably in radial from the jacket of the freezing head Direction going, with the two coolants are removable via said nozzle in the radial direction of the freezing head from the interior of the freezing head. Said nozzle with the third or fourth connection provided thereon is in particular T-shaped.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass der dritte und der vierte Anschluss jeweils separat an einem Mantel des Gefrierkopfes vorgesehen sind, wobei der dritte und der vierte Anschluss jeweils an einem zugeordneten Stutzen ausgebildet sind, wobei die beiden Stutzen vom Mantel des Gefrierkopfes abgehen, und wobei die beiden Stutzen vorzugsweise je in einer radialen Richtung, vorzugsweise in entgegengesetzter Richtung, von dem Mantel abgehen (insbesondere sind der dritte und der vierte Anschluss bzw. der jeweils zugeordnete Stutzen an einander abgewandten Seiten des Gefrierkopfes vorgesehen), so dass das jeweilige Kühlmittel über den jeweiligen Stutzen jeweils in radialer Richtung des Gefrierkopfes aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes abziehbar ist.Furthermore, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that the third and the fourth connection are each provided separately on a jacket of the freezing head, wherein the third and the fourth connection are each formed on an associated nozzle, wherein the two nozzles from the jacket of the Freeze head off, and with the two nozzles preferably in each case in a radial direction, preferably in the opposite direction, depart from the jacket (in particular, the third and the fourth connection or the respectively assigned nozzle are provided on opposite sides of the freezing head), so that the respective coolant via the respective nozzle respectively in the radial direction of the freezing head from the interior of the freezing head is removable.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass die Einrichtung zumindest fünf Anschlüsse aufweist, wobei über den fünften Anschluss der Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes entlüftbar ist, z.B. vor einer Umstellung vom ersten Kühlmittel (z.B. Flüssiggas wie Stickstoff) auf das zweite Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole), und/oder über den das zweite Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes herausdrückbar ist (z.B. bei einer Umstellung vom zweiten Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole) zum ersten Kühlmittel (z.B. Flüssiggas).Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the device has at least five connections, wherein the interior of the freezing head can be vented via the fifth connection, e.g. before a conversion from the first coolant (eg liquid gas such as nitrogen) to the second coolant (eg brine), and / or via the second coolant from the interior of the freezing head can be pushed out (eg in a conversion from the second coolant (eg brine) to the first Coolant (eg LPG).
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass der besagte fünfte Anschluss lateral an dem besagten Stutzen ausbildet ist, an dem auch der vierte Anschluss ausgebildet ist (siehe oben).Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that said fifth connection is formed laterally on the said connection piece on which the fourth connection is also formed (see above).
Weiterhin kann gemäß einer Ausführungsform der fünfte Anschluss auch separat am Mantel des Gefrierkopfes vorgesehen sein, wobei insbesondere der fünfte Anschluss an einem zugeordneten Stutzen ausgebildet ist, der von dem Mantel des Gefrierkopfes abgeht, vorzugsweise in radialer Richtung des Mantels.Furthermore, according to an embodiment, the fifth connection may also be provided separately on the jacket of the freezing head, wherein in particular the fifth connection is formed on an associated connection piece which extends from the jacket of the freezing head, preferably in the radial direction of the jacket.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass die Einrichtung zumindest sechs Anschlüsse aufweist, wobei über den sechsten Anschluss ein gasförmiges Medium in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes einleitbar ist, so dass insbesondere mittels des gasförmigen Mediums das zweite Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes herausdrückbar ist, z.B. bei einem Wechsel vom zweiten Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole) zum ersten Kühlmittel (z.B. Flüssigstickstoff).Furthermore, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that the device has at least six ports, via the sixth port, a gaseous medium in the interior of the freezing head can be introduced, so that in particular by means of the gaseous medium, the second coolant from the interior of the freezing head is herausdrückbar, eg when changing from the second coolant (e.g., brine) to the first coolant (e.g., liquid nitrogen).
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform kann dabei vorgesehen sein, dass der sechste Anschluss separat am Mantel des Gefrierkopfes vorgesehen ist, wobei insbesondere der sechste Anschluss an einem zugeordneten bzw. separaten Stutzen ausgebildet ist, der vom Mantel des Gefrierkopfes abgeht, vorzugsweise in radialer Richtung.According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the sixth connection is provided separately on the jacket of the freezing head, wherein in particular the sixth connection is formed on an associated or separate connection piece which extends from the jacket of the freezing head, preferably in the radial direction.
Weiterhin kann der sechste Anschluss gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform auch lateral an dem besagten Stutzen ausgebildet sein, an dem auch der dritte Anschluss ausgebildet ist (siehe oben).Furthermore, according to an alternative embodiment, the sixth connection may also be formed laterally on the said connection piece on which the third connection is also formed (see above).
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass die die erste und/oder die zweite Leitung jeweils in axialer Richtung (d.h. in Richtung der Längsachse des Gefrierkopfes bzw. in Richtung der jeweiligen Längsachse der betreffenden Leitung) in den Gefrierkopf eintreten.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the first and / or the second line respectively enter the freezing head in the axial direction (i.e., in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the freezing head or in the direction of the respective longitudinal axis of the relevant line).
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen, dass der Gefrierkopf nach unten hin durch einen sich an den Mantel anschließenden Boden sowie nach oben hin durch einen sich an den Mantel anschließenden Deckel verschlossen ist, wobei insbesondere die erste und/oder die zweite Leitung über den besagten Deckel in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes geführt sind.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the freezing head is closed at the bottom by a bottom adjoining the casing and at the top by a cover adjoining the casing, in particular the first and / or the second pipe are guided over said lid in the interior of the freezing head.
Weiterhin kann gemäß einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung vorgesehen sein, dass die erste Leitung entlang der Längsachse des Gefrierkopfes tiefer in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes hineinragt als die zweite Leitung. Alternativ kann die zweite Leitung tiefer in den Innenraum hineinragen als die erste Leitung. Die beiden Leitungen können ggf. auch gleich tief in den Innenraum hineinragen.Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the first line extends deeper into the interior of the freezing head along the longitudinal axis of the freezing head than the second line. Alternatively, the second conduit may protrude deeper into the interior than the first conduit. If necessary, the two lines can also protrude deep into the interior.
Weiterhin können die erste und/oder die zweite Leitung ggf. entlang der Längsachse jeweils über eine Stoffbuchspackung axial verschiebbar im Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes angeordnet sein.Furthermore, the first and / or the second line can optionally be arranged axially displaceable in the interior of the freezing head along the longitudinal axis, in each case via a cloth liner packing.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass zumindest einer der Anschlüsse (bzw. die zugeordnete Leitung/Stutzen), vorzugsweise mehrere der Anschlüsse (bzw. die jeweils zugeordnete Leitung bzw. Stutzen), bevorzugt alle Anschlüsse (bzw. die jeweils zugeordnete Leitung bzw. Stutzen) jeweils mittels eines Ventils der Einrichtung, insbesondere jeweils mittels eines fernbedienbaren Ventils, absperrbar sind.Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one of the connections (or the associated line / nozzle), preferably a plurality of the connections (or the respectively assigned line or nozzle), preferably all connections (or the respectively associated line or nozzles) in each case by means of a valve of the device, in particular in each case by means of a remote-controlled valve, can be shut off.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der jeweilige Anschluss zum Abziehen des ersten Kühlmediums und der jeweilige Anschluss zum Abziehen des zweiten Kühlmediums aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes räumlich in derselben Ebene angeordnet sind oder auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen (die besagten Ebenen erstrecken sich insbesondere senkrecht zur Längsachse des Gefrierkopfes).Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the respective connection for withdrawing the first cooling medium and the respective connection for withdrawing the second cooling medium from the interior of the freezing head are arranged spatially in the same plane or at different levels (the said levels extend in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the freezing head).
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Einrichtung zumindest einen oder mehrere Temperaturfühler aufweist, die jeweils fest mit dem Gefrierkopf verbunden sind. Die Temperaturfühler können zum Beispiel zur Steuerung des Zulaufs des ersten oder zweiten Kühlmittels dienen. Hierbei kann die Temperaturmessung direkt im Medium erfolgen. So kann z.B. ein T-Stück integriert werden oder eine Muffe wird eingeschweißt/eingelötet, so dass der Temperaturfühler direkt in den Kühlmittelstrom eingebaut werden kann.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the device has at least one or more temperature sensors which are each fixedly connected to the freezing head. The temperature sensors can serve, for example, for controlling the inflow of the first or second coolant. Here, the temperature measurement can be done directly in the medium. Thus, e.g. a T-piece is integrated or a sleeve is welded / soldered, so that the temperature sensor can be installed directly into the coolant flow.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass das erste Kühlmittel Stickstoff ist und/oder dass das zweite Kühlmittel eine Sole ist. Anstelle von Stickstoff können auch andere Flüssiggase zum Einsatz kommen, zum Beispiel Helium.Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first coolant is nitrogen and / or that the second coolant is a brine. Instead of nitrogen, other liquefied gases can also be used, for example helium.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Leitungen für das Einleiten des ersten Kühlmittels und des zweiten Kühlmittels in der axialen Richtung in den Gefrierkopf eintreten.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the lines for introducing the first coolant and the second coolant into the freezing head in the axial direction.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Stutzen zum Abziehen des ersten und des zweiten Kühlmittels in radialer Richtung aus dem Gefrierkopf austreten.Furthermore, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that the stubs for withdrawing the first and the second coolant in the radial direction emerge from the freezing head.
Die Verbindungen der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung, insbesondere der Anschlüsse mit den Stutzen, Leitungen oder dem Mantel können geschweißt, gelötet, geschraubt oder in sonstiger Weise verbunden sein. Die Durchmesser und Längen der einzelnen Komponenten, insbesondere der ersten und der zweiten Leitung, der Stutzen sowie des Mantels des Gefrierkopfes können variieren. Insbesondere können die Anschlüsse integral mit dem Gefrierkopf, den Leitungen oder den Stutzen ausgebildet sein (z.B. aus dem Vollen gefräst und/oder gedreht).The compounds of the device according to the invention, in particular the connections with the nozzles, lines or the jacket can be welded, soldered, screwed or connected in any other way. The diameters and lengths of the individual components, in particular the first and the second line, the nozzle and the jacket of the freezing head can vary. In particular, the connections can be integrally formed with the freezing head, the lines or the nozzle (eg milled from the solid and / or rotated).
Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Gefrieren von Erdreich, wobei das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren insbesondere eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung verwendet, und zumindest die Schritte aufweist:
- Anordnen eines Gefrierkopfes eine Einrichtung zum Gefrieren von Erdreich im Bereich eines herzustellenden Frostkörpers, der durch gefrorenes Erdreich gebildet wird,
- Einleiten eines ersten Kühlmittels in einen Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes zum Erzeugen des Frostkörpers, wobei das erste Kühlmittel insbesondere ein Flüssiggas aufweist (z.B. Stickstoff, Helium oder ein anderes geeignetes Flüssiggas),
- Einleiten eines zweiten Kühlmittels (z.B. eine Sole) in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes zum Aufrechterhalten des gefrorenen Zustands des Frostkörpers,
- Arranging a freezing head a means for freezing soil in the region of a frost body to be produced, which is formed by frozen soil,
- Introducing a first coolant into an interior of the freezer head for producing the frost body, wherein the first coolant in particular comprises a liquefied gas (eg nitrogen, helium or another suitable liquefied gas),
- Introducing a second coolant (eg a brine) into the interior of the freezer head to maintain the frozen state of the frost body,
Es ist auch denkbar, zuerst mit dem zweiten Kühlmittel zu kühlen und sodann mit dem ersten Kühlmittel. Des Weiteren können die beiden Kühlmittel auch mehrfach einander abwechseln.It is also conceivable to cool first with the second coolant and then with the first coolant. Furthermore, the two coolants can also alternate with each other several times.
Bevorzugt wird gemäß einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens das erste Kühlmittel über einen separaten dritten Anschluss aus dem Gefrierkopf abgezogen.Preferably, according to an embodiment of the method, the first coolant is withdrawn from the freezing head via a separate third port.
Bevorzugt wird weiterhin gemäß einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens das zweite Kühlmittel über einen separaten vierten Anschluss aus dem Gefrierkopf abgezogen.Preferably, according to an embodiment of the method, the second coolant is withdrawn from the freezing head via a separate fourth port.
Bevorzugt wird weiterhin gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Gefrierkopf über einen separaten fünften Anschluss entlüftet, insbesondere vor einer Umstellung vom ersten Kühlmittel auf das zweite Kühlmittel. Weiterhin kann über den fünften Anschluss das zweite Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes herausgedrückt werden (z.B. bei einer Umstellung vom zweiten Kühlmittel zum ersten Kühlmittel.Preferably, according to one embodiment, the freezing head is vented via a separate fifth connection, in particular before a changeover from the first coolant to the second coolant. Furthermore, the second coolant can be pushed out of the interior of the freezing head via the fifth connection (eg during a changeover from the second coolant to the first coolant.
Bevorzugt wird weiterhin gemäß einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens über einen separaten sechsten Anschluss ein gasförmiges Medium in den Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes eingeleitet, so dass insbesondere mittels des gasförmigen Mediums das zweite Kühlmittel aus dem Innenraum des Gefrierkopfes herausdrückt wird, z.B. bei einem Wechsel vom zweiten Kühlmittel (z.B. Sole) zum ersten Kühlmittel (z.B. Flüssigstickstoff).Preferably, according to an embodiment of the method, a gaseous medium is introduced into the interior of the freezing head via a separate sixth connection, so that in particular by means of the gaseous medium the second coolant is forced out of the interior of the freezing head, e.g. when changing from the second coolant (e.g., brine) to the first coolant (e.g., liquid nitrogen).
Weitere Merkmale und Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung sollen nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert werden. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit vier Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 2
- eine Schnittansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit vier Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 3
- eine Schnittansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit vier Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 4
- eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit fünf Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 5
- eine Schnittansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit fünf Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 6
- eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit sechs Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 7
- eine Schnittansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung mit sechs Anschlüssen;
- Fig. 8
- eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung in axialer Richtung (z.B. nach Art der
Figur 3 ); - Fig. 9
- eine Draufsicht in axialer Richtung auf eine Abwandlung der in der
Figur 8 gezeigten Einrichtung; - Fig. 10
- eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung in axialer Richtung (z.B. nach Art der
Figur 2 ); und - Fig. 11
- eine Draufsicht in axialer Richtung auf eine Abwandlung der in
der Figur 10 gezeigten Einrichtung;
- Fig. 1
- a sectional view of a device according to the invention with four terminals;
- Fig. 2
- a sectional view of another device according to the invention with four terminals;
- Fig. 3
- a sectional view of another device according to the invention with four terminals;
- Fig. 4
- a sectional view of a device according to the invention with five terminals;
- Fig. 5
- a sectional view of another device according to the invention with five terminals;
- Fig. 6
- a sectional view of a device according to the invention with six terminals;
- Fig. 7
- a sectional view of another device according to the invention with six terminals;
- Fig. 8
- a plan view of a device according to the invention in the axial direction (eg, in the manner of
FIG. 3 ); - Fig. 9
- a plan view in the axial direction of a modification of the in
FIG. 8 shown device; - Fig. 10
- a plan view of a device according to the invention in the axial direction (eg, in the manner of
FIG. 2 ); and - Fig. 11
- a plan view in the axial direction of a modification of the in
FIG. 10 shown device;
Grundsätzlich weist eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung 1 zum Gefrieren von Erdreich, wie Sie in den
Der Gefrierkopf 100 weist dabei einen Mantel 101 auf, der insbesondere zylindrisch ausgebildet ist und sich entlang der besagten Längsachse bzw. Zylinderachse L erstreckt und einen Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100, der zur Aufnahme der Kühlmittel F bzw. S dient, umgibt. Weiterhin kann der Gefrierkopf 100 bzw. der Innenraum 102 nach unten hin durch einen sich an den Mantel 101 anschließenden Boden 103 sowie nach oben hin durch einen sich an den Mantel 101 anschließenden Deckel 104 verschlossen sein.The freezing
Weiterhin weist die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung 1 gemäß den
Die beiden Leitungen 10, 20 sind in den
Ferner wiest die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung 1 allgemein zumindest drei separate Anschlüsse A1, A2, A3 auf, nämlich einen ersten Anschluss A1, über den das erste Kühlmedium F in den Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100 einleitbar ist, einen zweiten Anschluss A2, über den das zweite Kühlmedium S in den Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100 einleitbar ist, und einen dritten Anschluss A3, über den das erste oder das zweite Kühlmittel F, S aus dem Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100 abziehbar ist (diesbezüglich kann z.B. in den
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Weiterhin ist der zweite Anschluss A2 außerhalb des Gefrierkopfes 100 lateral an der ersten Leitung 10 ausgebildet ist, wobei über den zweiten Anschluss A2 das zweite Kühlmittel S in radialer Richtung in die erste Leitung 10 und von dort in den Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100 einleitbar ist. Der zweite Anschluss A2 kann hierbei stirnseitig an einem Stutzen 11 vorgesehen sein, der in radialer Richtung bzw. senkrecht zur ersten Leitung 10 außerhalb des Gefrierkopfes 100 von der ersten Leitung 10 abgeht.Furthermore, the second connection A2 outside the freezing
Der dritte Anschluss A3 ist ebenfalls außerhalb des Gefrierkopfes 100 lateral an der zweiten Leitung 20 ausgebildet, wobei über den dritten Anschluss A3 der Rücklauf des ersten Kühlmittels F (insbesondere als gasförmige Phase) aus der zweiten Leitung 20 bzw. dem Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100 abziehbar ist. Der dritte Anschluss A3 kann hierbei stirnseitig an einem Stutzen 21 vorgesehen sein, der in radialer Richtung bzw. senkrecht von der zweiten Leitung 20 außerhalb des Gefrierkopfes 100 abgeht.The third connection A3 is likewise formed laterally outside the freezing
Weiterhin ist der vierte Anschluss A4 stirnseitig an der zweiten Leitung 20 vorgesehen, so dass über den vierten Anschluss A4 der Rücklauf des zweiten Kühlmittels S aus dem Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 20 in axialer Richtung abziehbar ist.Furthermore, the fourth port A4 is provided on the front side of the
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Weiterhin ist der erste Anschluss A1 stirnseitig an der ersten Leitung 10 vorgesehen und dient zum Einleiten des ersten Kühlmittels F in axialer Richtung L in den Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 100. Der zweite Anschluss A2 ist hier stirnseitig an der zweiten Leitung 20 vorgesehen, sodass über den zweiten Anschluss A2 das zweite Kühlmittel S in axialer Richtung L in die zweite Leitung 20 bzw. in den Innenraum 102 des Gefrierkopfes 101 einleitbar ist.Furthermore, the first port A1 is provided on the front side of the
Die
Im Unterschied zur
Weiterhin zeigt die
Gemäß
Weiterhin zeigt
Bei der in der
Alternativ hierzu kann gemäß
Die
So zeigt
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL17020084T PL3315669T3 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-02 | Combination freezing head for nitrogen brine icing |
US16/344,938 US11085164B2 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-10-18 | Combination freezing head for nitrogen-brine freezing |
CN201780080779.4A CN110168169B (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-10-18 | Combined freezing head for nitrogen-brine freezing |
PCT/EP2017/025308 WO2018077478A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-10-18 | Combination freezing head for nitrogen sol freezing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016012843.7A DE102016012843A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2016-10-27 | Combined freezer head for nitrogen brine icing |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3315669A1 true EP3315669A1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
EP3315669B1 EP3315669B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
Family
ID=58231333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17020084.4A Active EP3315669B1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-02 | Combination freezing head for nitrogen brine icing |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11085164B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3315669B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110168169B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016012843A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3315669T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018077478A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN113202082A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-03 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Staged refrigeration artificial stratum freezing system and construction method thereof |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3720065A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-03-13 | J Sherard | Making holes in the ground and freezing the surrounding soil |
DE102013018210A1 (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-04-30 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a coherent ice body in a ground icing |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3220470A (en) * | 1962-10-08 | 1965-11-30 | Joseph C Balch | Soil refrigerating system |
US20070266715A1 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Sopko Joseph A | Ground freezing method and apparatus with geothermal gradient compensation |
CN201395790Y (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-02-03 | 江阴市科博机械有限公司 | Hot pipe type manual stratum cooling system |
CN102383414A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-03-21 | 同济大学 | Liquid nitrogen freezer with multiple liquid feeding pipes |
CN203007964U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-06-19 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Frozen soil boundary control system |
DE102013001113A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-24 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for icing a soil mass |
CN103276720B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2015-12-02 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of soft soil roadbed consolidation by freezing method |
CN103485327B (en) * | 2013-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of film covering type liquid nitrogen freezing device |
CN105239557B (en) * | 2015-08-30 | 2017-04-12 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Device and method for accelerating consolidation of soft soil through combination of frost heaving and melting shrinking method and vacuum preloading |
CN105421334A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-23 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Construction method for soil freezing |
-
2016
- 2016-10-27 DE DE102016012843.7A patent/DE102016012843A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-03-02 PL PL17020084T patent/PL3315669T3/en unknown
- 2017-03-02 EP EP17020084.4A patent/EP3315669B1/en active Active
- 2017-10-18 WO PCT/EP2017/025308 patent/WO2018077478A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-10-18 CN CN201780080779.4A patent/CN110168169B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-10-18 US US16/344,938 patent/US11085164B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3720065A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-03-13 | J Sherard | Making holes in the ground and freezing the surrounding soil |
DE102013018210A1 (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-04-30 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a coherent ice body in a ground icing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016012843A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
EP3315669B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
US11085164B2 (en) | 2021-08-10 |
CN110168169A (en) | 2019-08-23 |
CN110168169B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
WO2018077478A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
US20190264415A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
PL3315669T3 (en) | 2021-03-08 |
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