EP3314764A1 - Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal - Google Patents

Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal

Info

Publication number
EP3314764A1
EP3314764A1 EP16731598.5A EP16731598A EP3314764A1 EP 3314764 A1 EP3314764 A1 EP 3314764A1 EP 16731598 A EP16731598 A EP 16731598A EP 3314764 A1 EP3314764 A1 EP 3314764A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
circuit breaker
electronic circuit
switching device
breaker terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16731598.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alexander Fomenko
Guido NAHLES
Carsten Plattmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3314764A1 publication Critical patent/EP3314764A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to reversal of direct current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0822—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
    • H03K17/6874—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor in a symmetrical configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal.
  • circuit breakers for switching and securing a load in DC networks (DC networks) are already known.
  • Such circuit breakers usually have a measuring device, a control device, a drive device, and a switching device based on a power transistor.
  • circuit breakers are able to switch off the current flow in the event of a fault (eg short-circuit) or limit it to a harmless value.
  • circuit breakers are also used, for example, by the Applicant, e.g. sold under the product name CB E1 24DC ..., EC-E1 ....
  • the DC circuit breakers usually only have a very limited protection against backflow currents, since only one current can be switched or regulated from drain to source due to the technology N-MOS-FET. Thus, there is no protection in the case of a backflow, which is unsatisfactory.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved and cost-effective reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal, which avoids one or more disadvantages of the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a reversible according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the inventive reversible electronic
  • Circuit breaker terminal according to different embodiments in a second configuration.
  • Figures 1 and 2 each show a block diagram of a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention according to different
  • a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention, a current measuring device 1 a for measuring a current flow in a load circuit to be measured.
  • the load circuit is formed across the load 8b.
  • any form of current flow measurement can be used, for example a voltage drop across a measuring resistor (as indicated in the figures) or a magnetic field sensor, etc.
  • control device 1 b for controlling the current flow in the load circuit to be measured 8a, 8b based on a measured current flow in the load circuit to be measured 8a, 8b.
  • This controller may e.g. controlling (indirectly via a MOS-FET driver stage 4) act on the switching device 3.
  • a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention, a switching device 3, which controlled by the control device 1 b, the current in the load circuit 8a, 8b or switches.
  • rules can be understood as a general case in order to limit a current flow or else to limit it to 0 A, i. off.
  • the term of the rule can also include switching.
  • the switching device 3 of a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal is based on MOS-FET technology and can bidirectionally switch the current in the load circuit 8a, 8b, i. regardless of whether the current flows towards the load or in the reverse direction, the switching device for this purpose has at least two anti-series connected MOS-FET transistors whose respective source terminal are at a common switching potential.
  • the reversible circuit breaker clamp is the same structure in Figures 1 and 2 and differs only in the nature of the externa ßeren circuit.
  • the switching device 3 is controlled by means of a MOS-FET driver stage 4.
  • the design effort can be minimized within the circuit, since no technology transition is necessary.
  • this allows an integrated design be made possible, since both the MOS-FET driver stage 4 and the switching device 3 by means of the same technology (MOS-FET - metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor) can be produced.
  • the switching device 3 has an independent of the current direction in the load circuit 8a, 8b short-circuit detection 2, which is suitable to control the switching device 3 directly or indirectly so that the current in the load circuit 8a , 8b can be regulated or switched off. For example, a partial flow through the load circuit 8a, 8b short-circuit detection 2, which is suitable to control the switching device 3 directly or indirectly so that the current in the load circuit 8a , 8b can be regulated or switched off. For example, a partial flow through the
  • Switching device 3 is branched off from the short-circuit detection 2 and rectified via a (bridge) rectifier and then connected to a reference value, e.g. be compared by means of an operational amplifier or a Schmitt trigger. If the current thus measured exceeds the preset value, the current can either be limited so that it remains within a permissible range, or else the current is switched off.
  • a reference value e.g. be compared by means of an operational amplifier or a Schmitt trigger.
  • a (remote) signaling device 6 is furthermore provided which signals this operating state when the switching device 3 is actuated.
  • a signal light and / or a telecommunications contact can be controlled, in which case both the possibility of signaling the function and the malfunction is possible.
  • the signaling device for further switching purposes.
  • the current measuring device and / or the control device and / or the switching device supplied with energy from the load circuit can be so that it does not require the auxiliary power supply for the operation of the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal, whereby the wiring costs and thus also reduces the cost of installation.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention can be used in circuits in which the load circuit is a DC circuit or an AC circuit. Without further ado, this may be e.g. a (bridge) rectifier device may be provided which generates DC voltage from a possibly present alternating voltage. This reduces the costs of design and warehousing, while at the same time reducing the likelihood of incorrect installation.
  • a (bridge) rectifier device may be provided which generates DC voltage from a possibly present alternating voltage. This reduces the costs of design and warehousing, while at the same time reducing the likelihood of incorrect installation.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is constructed on a semiconductor basis, whereby mechanically movable switching contacts that switch circuits are avoided. Mechanical switching contacts are subject to wear and are therefore error-prone.
  • a manual operation 7 can be provided, with which the switching device (indirectly) can be switched on or off.
  • a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal allows the switching and regulation of the current in a load circuit (source - circuit breaker terminal -> load) in the event of a short circuit or overload, with the purpose to protect the load circuit by the current flow is switched off or on one for the Load circuit is limited harmless value.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is particularly advantageous for applications on the low voltage level, in particular with variable current flow direction.
  • a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is designed so that the load currents are monitored independently of the direction of current flow and can be limited or disconnected as needed.
  • the switching device 3 being equipped with two anti-serially connected power MOSFETs, the two MOSFET source connections forming a common point.
  • the internal measuring and control electronics are designed so that the (DC-DC) current can be measured and regulated independently of the direction of flow.
  • the short-circuit detection 2 is designed such that a short-circuit condition is detected independently of the current direction and the load circuit is switched off. As a result, the overload of the MOSFET switching devices 3 is avoided.
  • the internal electronics can be supplied with (down-transformed and / or rectified) voltage from the load circuit, wherein the reference potential of the voltage can be equal to the reference potential of the load circuit.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal of the invention is designed for extra-low voltages, i. designed for DC voltages ⁇ 120 V, or AC voltages ⁇ 50 V.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention can be designed for a terminal block system, so that they can be integrated into existing terminal block PT connection terminals ... QUATTRO, as for example distributed by the applicant, in which case it is of particular advantage that the terminals IN + / OUT + of the load circuit in each case (in one plane) with a bridge shaft, eg by means of jumpers FBS ...- 5, which can be connected to the applicant.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention may comprise mounting means for mounting on a support rail, in particular on a hat rail.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamp according to the invention can be provided in a common pitch for terminal clamping systems, e.g. 6.2 mm wide, 5.2 mm wide, or less, or larger.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal allows a special electromechanical construction, if both IN + / OUT + terminals of the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal are each connected to a bridge shaft (left-sided and right-sided).
  • the peculiarity here is that now the two bridge shafts in the circuit breaker terminal mutually lead a separate potential (the unprotected IN + and protected OUT +).
  • This allows the distribution of both the unprotected IN + and the protected OUT + across the middle bridge bay of Applicant's terminal blocks, thereby the distribution and the system for the field use of special simplicity and thus error security.
  • the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamps according to the invention By means of the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamps according to the invention, it is now possible e.g. used in DC voltage applications with changeable current direction.
  • the IN + and OUT + lines can be exchanged as desired without having to turn the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamps according to the invention.

Abstract

The invention relates to a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal having the following: a current measuring device (1a) for measuring a current flow in a load current circuit (8a, 8b) to be measured, a regulating device (1b) for controlling the current flow in the load current circuit (8a, 8b) to be measured on the basis of a measured current flow in the load current circuit (8a, 8b) to be measured, and a switching device (3) which regulates or switches the current in the load current circuit (8a, 8b) in a controlled manner by means of the regulating device (1b), wherein the switching device (3) is based on MOS-FET technology and can switch the current in the load circuit (8a, 8b) in a bidirectional manner, and the switching device has at least two MOS-FET transistors connected in an anti-serial manner for this purpose, the source connection of each transistor lying at a common switch potential.

Description

Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme  Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal
Die Erfindung betrifft eine reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme. The invention relates to a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind elektronische Überstrom-Schutzschalter zum Schalten und Absichern von Gleichspannungsnetzen bekannt. Electronic overcurrent protection switches for switching and securing DC voltage networks are known from the prior art.
Beispielsweise sind bereits elektronische Schutzschalter zum Schalten und Absichern einer Last in Gleichspannungsnetzen (DC-Netze) bekannt. Solche Schutzschalter weisen in aller Regel eine Messeinrichtung, eine Regeleinrichtung, eine Ansteuereinrichtung, sowie eine Schalteinrichtung auf, die auf einem Leistungs- Transistor basiert. For example, electronic circuit breakers for switching and securing a load in DC networks (DC networks) are already known. Such circuit breakers usually have a measuring device, a control device, a drive device, and a switching device based on a power transistor.
Als Schalteinrichtung in den Gleichspannungsnetzen mit kleiner Spannung haben sich in der Vergangenheit N-Kanal MOSFETs bewährt. Solche Schutzschalter sind in der Lage den Stromfluss im Fehlerfall (z. B. Kurzschluss) abzuschalten oder auf einen ungefährlichen Wert zu begrenzen. As a switching device in the DC voltage networks with low voltage have proven in the past N-channel MOSFETs. Such circuit breakers are able to switch off the current flow in the event of a fault (eg short-circuit) or limit it to a harmless value.
Solche Schutzschalter werden beispielsweise auch von der Anmelderin, z.B. unter der Produktbezeichnung CB E1 24DC..., EC-E1 ... vertrieben. Allerdings verfügen die Gleichspannungsschutzschalter in aller Regel nur über einen sehr eingeschränkten Schutz vor rückfließenden Strömen, da bedingt durch die Technologie N-MOS-FET nur ein Strom von Drain nach Source geschaltet bzw. geregelt werden kann. Somit besteht im Falle eines rückfließenden Stroms kein Schutz, was unbefriedigend ist. Such circuit breakers are also used, for example, by the Applicant, e.g. sold under the product name CB E1 24DC ..., EC-E1 .... However, the DC circuit breakers usually only have a very limited protection against backflow currents, since only one current can be switched or regulated from drain to source due to the technology N-MOS-FET. Thus, there is no protection in the case of a backflow, which is unsatisfactory.
Zudem ergibt sich aus dem vorgenannten auch der Nachteil, dass der Einbau von der Stromflussrichtung abhängig ist, wodurch es immer wieder beim Einbau zu Fehlern kommen kann. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind auch elektronische Überstrom-Schutzschalter zum Schalten und Absichern von Wechselspannungsnetzen bekannt. Beispiel sind z.B. aus der EP-Anmeldung EP 0 197 658 A2 oder aus der EP Anmeldung EP 0 398 026 A2 bekannt, die ebenfalls auf MOS-FET Technik basieren. In addition, the disadvantage also results from the aforementioned, that the installation is dependent on the current flow direction, which can lead to errors during installation again and again. From the prior art and electronic overcurrent protection switch for switching and securing AC voltage networks are known. Examples are known, for example, from EP application EP 0 197 658 A2 or from EP application EP 0 398 026 A2, which are likewise based on MOS-FET technology.
Allerdings sind die Schaltungen sehr kompliziert und bedürfen teilweise Hilfsspannungen und sind damit sehr kostenträchtig. Komplizierte Schaltungen sind zudem fehleranfällig. However, the circuits are very complicated and sometimes require auxiliary voltages and are therefore very costly. Complicated circuits are also error-prone.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine verbesserte und kostengünstige reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme zu schaffen, die einen oder mehrere Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik vermeidet. The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved and cost-effective reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal, which avoids one or more disadvantages of the prior art.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. The object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegende Zeichnung anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsformen näher erläutert. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.
Es zeigen Show it
Fig. 1 einen Blockschaltplan einer erfindungsgemäßen reversiblen Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a reversible according to the invention
elektronischen Schutzschalterklemme gemäß unterschiedlicher  electronic circuit breaker terminal according to different
Ausführungsformen in einer ersten Konfiguration, und  Embodiments in a first configuration, and
Fig. 2 einen Blockschaltplan der erfindungsgemäßen reversiblen elektronischen  Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the inventive reversible electronic
Schutzschalterklemme gemäß unterschiedlicher Ausführungsformen in einer zweiten Konfiguration.  Circuit breaker terminal according to different embodiments in a second configuration.
Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen jeweils einen Blockschaltplan einer erfindungsgemäßen reversiblen elektronischen Schutzschalterklemme gemäß unterschiedlicher Figures 1 and 2 each show a block diagram of a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention according to different
Ausführungsformen in zwei Konfigurationen. Nachstehend wird Bezug auf die Figuren genommen werden, wobei gleiche Referenzzeichen für gleiche Elemente stehen, sodass Elemente, die in Zusammenhang mit einer Figur beschrieben wurden nicht notwendigerweise nochmals beschrieben werden. Gemäß Figur 1 und Figur 2 weist eine reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme gemäß der Erfindung eine Strommesseinrichtung 1 a zur Messung eines Stromflusses in einem zu messenden Laststromkreis auf. Der Laststromkreis wird gebildet über die Last 8b. Embodiments in two configurations. Reference will now be made to the figures, wherein like reference numerals represent like elements, so elements described in connection with a figure are not necessarily described again. According to Figure 1 and Figure 2, a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention, a current measuring device 1 a for measuring a current flow in a load circuit to be measured. The load circuit is formed across the load 8b.
Ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit kann dabei jede Form der Stromflussmessung zum Einsatz kommen, beispielsweise ein Spannungsabfall über einem Messwiderstand (wie in den Figuren angedeutet) oder ein Magnetfeld-Sensor, etc. Without limiting generality, any form of current flow measurement can be used, for example a voltage drop across a measuring resistor (as indicated in the figures) or a magnetic field sensor, etc.
Weiterhin weist eine reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme gemäß der Furthermore, a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the
Erfindung eine Regeleinrichtung 1 b zur Steuerung des Stromflusses in dem zu messenden Laststromkreis 8a, 8b auf Basis eines gemessenen Stromflusses in dem zu messenden Laststromkreis 8a, 8b auf. Diese Regeleinrichtung kann z.B. steuernd (mittelbar über eine MOS-FET-Treiberstufe 4) auf die Schalteinrichtung 3 einwirken. Invention a control device 1 b for controlling the current flow in the load circuit to be measured 8a, 8b based on a measured current flow in the load circuit to be measured 8a, 8b. This controller may e.g. controlling (indirectly via a MOS-FET driver stage 4) act on the switching device 3.
Darüber hinaus weist eine reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme gemäß der Erfindung eine Schalteinrichtung 3 auf, welche gesteuert durch die Regeleinrichtung 1 b den Strom im Laststromkreis 8a, 8b regelt oder schaltet. In addition, a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention, a switching device 3, which controlled by the control device 1 b, the current in the load circuit 8a, 8b or switches.
Regeln kann dabei als allgemeiner Fall verstanden werden, um einen Stromfluss zu begrenzen oder aber auch zu 0 A zu begrenzen, d.h. abzuschalten. Insofern kann der Begriff des Regeins auch ein Schalten beinhalten. Here, rules can be understood as a general case in order to limit a current flow or else to limit it to 0 A, i. off. In this respect, the term of the rule can also include switching.
Die Schalteinrichtung 3 einer reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme gemäß der Erfindung basiert auf MOS-FET Technologie und kann den Strom im Lastkreis 8a, 8b bidirektional schalten, d.h. unabhängig davon, ob der Strom in Richtung Last oder in Rückwärtsrichtung fliest, wobei der Schalteinrichtung hierfür mindestens zwei anti-seriell geschaltete MOS-FET Transistoren aufweist, deren jeweiliger Source-Anschluss auf einem gemeinsamen Schaltpotential liegen. The switching device 3 of a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is based on MOS-FET technology and can bidirectionally switch the current in the load circuit 8a, 8b, i. regardless of whether the current flows towards the load or in the reverse direction, the switching device for this purpose has at least two anti-series connected MOS-FET transistors whose respective source terminal are at a common switching potential.
Dabei ist in den Figuren 1 und 2 jeweils die reversible Schutzschalterklemme gleich aufgebaut und unterscheidet sich nur in der Art der äu ßeren Beschaltung. In each case, the reversible circuit breaker clamp is the same structure in Figures 1 and 2 and differs only in the nature of the externa ßeren circuit.
D.h. in der Figur 1 befindet sich auf Seite der Strommesseinrichtung 1 a der Ausgang Out+ und die Last 8b während auf der Seite der Schalteinrichtung 3 sich der Eingang IN+ mit der Spannungsquelle 8a befindet. In der Figur 2 hingegen befindet sich auf Seite der Strommesseinrichtung 1 a der Eingang IN+ mit der Spannungsquelle 8a während auf der Seite der Schalteinrichtung 3 sich der Ausgang Out+ und die Last 8b befindet. D.h. mit einer einzigen erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es nunmehr möglich unabhängig vom Einbau und damit unabhängig von der Stromrichtung Schutz für vor- als auch rücklaufende Ströme in Bezug auf die Last zur Verfügung zu stellen, wobei die Vorrichtung selbst unkompliziert und kostengünstig mit mindestens zwei anti-seriell geschaltete MOS-FET Transistoren aufweist, deren jeweiliger Source-Anschluss auf einem gemeinsamen Schaltpotential liegen, bewerkstelligt werden kann. That is, in Figure 1 is located on the side of the current measuring device 1 a, the output Out + and the load 8b while on the side of the switching device 3 is the input IN + with the voltage source 8a. In contrast, in FIG. 2, on the side of the current measuring device 1 a, there is the input IN + with the voltage source 8 a, while on the side of the switching device 3 the output Out + and the load 8 b are located. That is, with a single device according to the invention it is now possible regardless of installation and thus independent of the current direction to provide protection for forward and backward currents with respect to the load, the device itself uncomplicated and inexpensive with at least two anti-serial has switched MOS-FET transistors whose respective source terminal are at a common switching potential, can be accomplished.
Vorteilhaft kann in Ausführungsformen der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die Schalteinrichtung 3 mittels einer MOS-FET-Treiberstufe 4 angesteuert wird. Hierdurch kann der Designaufwand innerhalb der Schaltung minimiert werden, da kein Technologieübergang notwendig ist. Zudem kann hierdurch eine integrierte Ausgestaltung ermöglicht werden, da sowohl die MOS-FET-Treiberstufe 4 als auch die Schalteinrichtung 3 mittels der gleichen Technologie (MOS-FET - metal-oxide- semiconductor field-effect transistor) hergestellt werden können. Advantageously, it can be provided in embodiments of the invention that the switching device 3 is controlled by means of a MOS-FET driver stage 4. As a result, the design effort can be minimized within the circuit, since no technology transition is necessary. In addition, this allows an integrated design be made possible, since both the MOS-FET driver stage 4 and the switching device 3 by means of the same technology (MOS-FET - metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor) can be produced.
Von weiterem Vorteil kann in Ausführungsformen der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die Schalteinrichtung 3 über eine von der Stromrichtung im Lastkreis 8a, 8b unabhängige Kurzschlusserkennung 2 verfügt, die geeignet ist die Schalt-Einrichtung 3 mittelbar oder unmittelbar so anzusteuern, dass der Strom im Lastkreis 8a, 8b geregelt oder abgeschaltet werden kann. Beispielsweise kann ein Teilstrom durch dieAnother advantage may be provided in embodiments of the invention that the switching device 3 has an independent of the current direction in the load circuit 8a, 8b short-circuit detection 2, which is suitable to control the switching device 3 directly or indirectly so that the current in the load circuit 8a , 8b can be regulated or switched off. For example, a partial flow through the
Schalteinrichtung 3 von der Kurzschlusserkennung 2 abgezweigt und über einen (Brücken-) Gleichrichter gleichgerichtet und anschließend mit einem Referenzwert, z.B. mittels eines Operationsverstärkers oder eines Schmitt-Triggers verglichen werden. Steigt der so gemessene Strom über den voreingestellten Wert, so kann der Strom entweder so weit begrenzt werden, dass er in einem zulässigen Bereich verbleibt, oder aber der Strom wird abgeschaltet. Switching device 3 is branched off from the short-circuit detection 2 and rectified via a (bridge) rectifier and then connected to a reference value, e.g. be compared by means of an operational amplifier or a Schmitt trigger. If the current thus measured exceeds the preset value, the current can either be limited so that it remains within a permissible range, or else the current is switched off.
Zum Zwecke der Überwachung (entweder vor Ort oder entfernt) kann zudem vorgesehen sein, dass weiterhin eine (Fern-) Meldeeinrichtung 6 vorgesehen ist, die bei Ansteuern der Schalteinrichtung 3 diesen Betriebszustand signalisiert. Beispielsweise kann eine Signalleuchte und/oder ein Fernmeldekontakt angesteuert werden, wobei hier sowohl die Möglichkeit der Signalisierung der Funktion als auch der Fehlfunktion möglich ist. Natürlich ist es auch möglich die Meldeeinrichtung für weitere Schaltzwecke zu verwenden. For the purpose of monitoring (either locally or remotely), it may also be provided that a (remote) signaling device 6 is furthermore provided which signals this operating state when the switching device 3 is actuated. For example, a signal light and / or a telecommunications contact can be controlled, in which case both the possibility of signaling the function and the malfunction is possible. Of course it is also possible to use the signaling device for further switching purposes.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist zudem, dass die Strommesseinrichtung und/oder die Regeleinrichtung und/oder die Schalteinrichtung mit Energie aus dem Lastkreis versorgt werden kann, sodass es für den Betrieb der reversiblen elektronische Schutzschalterklemme keiner Hilfsspannungsversorgung bedarf, wodurch der Verdrahtungsaufwand sinkt und somit auch die Kosten bei einem Einbau. Of particular advantage is also that the current measuring device and / or the control device and / or the switching device supplied with energy from the load circuit can be so that it does not require the auxiliary power supply for the operation of the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal, whereby the wiring costs and thus also reduces the cost of installation.
Ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit kann die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme in Schaltungen eingesetzt werden, in denen der Laststromkreis ein Gleichspannungskreis oder ein Wechselspannungskreis ist. Ohne weiteres kann hierzu z.B. eine (Brücken-) Gleichrichtereinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die aus einer eventuell vorhandenen Wechselspannung Gleichspannung erzeugt. Hierdurch sinken die Kosten für Design und Lagerhaltung, zugleich sinkt die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Fehleinbauten. Without limiting the generality, the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention can be used in circuits in which the load circuit is a DC circuit or an AC circuit. Without further ado, this may be e.g. a (bridge) rectifier device may be provided which generates DC voltage from a possibly present alternating voltage. This reduces the costs of design and warehousing, while at the same time reducing the likelihood of incorrect installation.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist, dass die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme auf Halbleiterbasis aufgebaut ist, wodurch mechanisch bewegliche Schaltkontakte, die Stromkreise schalten, vermieden werden. Mechanische Schaltkontakte unterliegen Verschleiß und sind daher fehleranfällig. It is of particular advantage that the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is constructed on a semiconductor basis, whereby mechanically movable switching contacts that switch circuits are avoided. Mechanical switching contacts are subject to wear and are therefore error-prone.
Ohne weiteres kann natürlich wie in den Figuren gezeigt zudem eine manuelle Betätigung 7 vorgesehen sein, mit der die Schalteinrichtung (mittelbar) ein- oder ausgeschaltet werden kann. Of course, of course, as shown in the figures, also a manual operation 7 can be provided, with which the switching device (indirectly) can be switched on or off.
Insbesondere erlaubt eine erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme das Schalten und Regeln des Stromes in einem Laststromkreis (Quelle -> Schutzschalterklemme -> Last) beim Auftreten eines Kurzschlusses oder einer Überlast, mit dem Zweck den Lastkreis abzusichern, indem der Stromfluss abgeschaltet wird oder auf einen für den Lastkreis ungefährlichen Wert begrenzt wird. Die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme ist insbesondere für Anwendungen auf der Kleinspannungsebene, insbesondere mit veränderbarer Stromflussrichtung vorteilhaft. In particular, a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention allows the switching and regulation of the current in a load circuit (source - circuit breaker terminal -> load) in the event of a short circuit or overload, with the purpose to protect the load circuit by the current flow is switched off or on one for the Load circuit is limited harmless value. The reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is particularly advantageous for applications on the low voltage level, in particular with variable current flow direction.
Dabei ist eine erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme so ausgelegt, dass die Lastströme unabhängig von der Stromflussrichtung überwacht werden und nach Bedarf begrenzt oder abgeschaltet werden können. In this case, a reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention is designed so that the load currents are monitored independently of the direction of current flow and can be limited or disconnected as needed.
Dies wird dadurch ermöglicht dass die Schalteinrichtung 3 mit zwei antiseriell geschalteten Leistungs-MOSFETs ausgestattet wird, wobei die beiden MOSFET-Source Anschlüsse einen gemeinsamen Punkt bilden. Die interne Mess- und Ansteuerelektronik ist so ausgelegt wird, dass der (DC- Gleichspannungs-) Strom unabhängig von der Flussrichtung gemessen und geregelt werden kann. Des Weiteren ist die Kurzschlusserkennung 2 so ausgelegt, dass ein Kurzschlussfall unabhängig von der Stromrichtung erkannt wird und der Lastkreis abgeschaltet wird. Hierdurch wird auch die Überlastung der MOSFET- Schalteinrichtungen 3 vermieden. Die interne Elektronik kann mit (heruntertransformierter und/oder gleichgerichteter) Spannung aus dem Laststromkreis versorgt werden, wobei das Bezugspotential der Spannung gleich dem Bezugspotential des Lastkreises sein kann. This is made possible by the switching device 3 being equipped with two anti-serially connected power MOSFETs, the two MOSFET source connections forming a common point. The internal measuring and control electronics are designed so that the (DC-DC) current can be measured and regulated independently of the direction of flow. Furthermore, the short-circuit detection 2 is designed such that a short-circuit condition is detected independently of the current direction and the load circuit is switched off. As a result, the overload of the MOSFET switching devices 3 is avoided. The internal electronics can be supplied with (down-transformed and / or rectified) voltage from the load circuit, wherein the reference potential of the voltage can be equal to the reference potential of the load circuit.
Vorzugsweise ist die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme für Kleinspannungen, d.h. für Gleichspannungen < 120 V, bzw. Wechselspannungen < 50 V ausgelegt. Preferably, the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal of the invention is designed for extra-low voltages, i. designed for DC voltages <120 V, or AC voltages <50 V.
Vorteilhafterweise kann die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme für eine Reihenklemmsystem ausgelegt sein, sodass sie in bestehende Reihenklemmsystem Durchgangsklemmen PT...QUATTRO, wie sie beispielsweise von der Anmelderin vertrieben werden, integriert werden kann, wobei hier von besonderem Vorteil ist, dass die Anschlüsse IN+/OUT+ des Laststromkreises jeweils (in einer Ebene) mit einem Brückenschacht, z.B. mittels Steckbrücken FBS...-5, der Anmelderin verbunden werden können. D.h. die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme kann Montageeinrichtungen zur Montage auf einer Trageschiene, insbesondere auf einer Hut-Schiene, aufweisen. Zudem kann die erfindungsgemäße reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme in einem gängigen Rastermaß für Reihenklemmsysteme zur Verfügung gestellt werden, z.B. 6,2 mm Breite, 5,2 mm Breite, oder geringer, oder größer. Advantageously, the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention can be designed for a terminal block system, so that they can be integrated into existing terminal block PT connection terminals ... QUATTRO, as for example distributed by the applicant, in which case it is of particular advantage that the terminals IN + / OUT + of the load circuit in each case (in one plane) with a bridge shaft, eg by means of jumpers FBS ...- 5, which can be connected to the applicant. That The reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to the invention may comprise mounting means for mounting on a support rail, in particular on a hat rail. In addition, the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamp according to the invention can be provided in a common pitch for terminal clamping systems, e.g. 6.2 mm wide, 5.2 mm wide, or less, or larger.
Im Weiteren ermöglicht die reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme eine besondere elektromechanische Konstruktion, wenn beide Anschlüsse IN+/OUT+ der reversiblen elektronischen Schutzschalterklemme jeweils mit einem Brückenschacht (links-seitig und rechts-seitig) verbunden werden. Die Besonderheit dabei ist, dass nunmehr die beiden Brückenschächte in der Schutzschalterklemme wechselseitig ein getrenntes Potential führen, (den ungeschützten IN+ und geschützten OUT+). Dies ermöglicht das Verteilen sowohl des ungeschützten IN+, als auch des geschützten OUT+ über den mittleren Brückenschacht der Reihenklemmen der Anmelderin, wodurch die Verteilung und die Systematik für den Feldeinsatz von besonderem Einfachheit und damit Fehlersicherheit wird. Furthermore, the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal allows a special electromechanical construction, if both IN + / OUT + terminals of the reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal are each connected to a bridge shaft (left-sided and right-sided). The peculiarity here is that now the two bridge shafts in the circuit breaker terminal mutually lead a separate potential (the unprotected IN + and protected OUT +). This allows the distribution of both the unprotected IN + and the protected OUT + across the middle bridge bay of Applicant's terminal blocks, thereby the distribution and the system for the field use of special simplicity and thus error security.
Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen reversiblen elektronischen Schutzschalterklemmen können nun z.B. in Gleichspannungs-Applikationen mit wechselbarer Stromrichtung eingesetzt werden. Zudem können aus Sicht des Verwenders die IN+ und OUT+ Leitungen beliebig getauscht werden ohne die erfindungsgemäßen reversiblen elektronischen Schutzschalterklemmen drehen zu müssen. Zudem ist es möglich sowohl das ungeschützte IN+ Potential, als auch das geschützte OUT+ Potential auf die bereits sehr verbreitete Reihenklemmen der Anmelderin nebeneinander zu verteilen. By means of the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamps according to the invention, it is now possible e.g. used in DC voltage applications with changeable current direction. In addition, from the point of view of the user, the IN + and OUT + lines can be exchanged as desired without having to turn the reversible electronic circuit breaker clamps according to the invention. In addition, it is possible to distribute both the unprotected IN + potential and the protected OUT + potential next to each other on the already very widespread terminal blocks of the Applicant.
Im Ergebnis wird damit eine kostengünstige und sichere Lösung zur Verfügung gestellt, die in DC-Anwendungen mit Rückströmen als auch in AC-Anwendungen einen zuverlässigen Schutz bietet. The result is a cost-effective and secure solution that provides reliable protection in DC back-flow applications as well as in AC applications.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Strommesseinrichtung Regeleinrichtung Abschalteinrichtung Schalteinrichtung MOS-FET-Treiberstufe Fernmeldeeinrichtung Manuelle Betätigung Laststromkreis, Quelle Laststromkreis, Last Current measuring device Control device Switch-off device Switching device MOS-FET driver stage Telecommunication device Manual operation Load circuit, source Load circuit, load

Claims

Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme, aufweisend eine Strommesseinrichtung (1 a) zur Messung eines Stromflusses in einem zu messenden Laststromkreis (8a, 8b), Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal, comprising a current measuring device (1 a) for measuring a current flow in a load circuit (8a, 8b) to be measured,
eine Regeleinrichtung (1 b) zur Steuerung des Stromflusses in dem zu messenden Laststromkreis (8a, 8b) auf Basis eines gemessenen Stromflusses in dem zu messenden Laststromkreis (8a, 8b),  a control device (1 b) for controlling the current flow in the load circuit (8a, 8b) to be measured on the basis of a measured current flow in the load circuit (8a, 8b) to be measured,
eine Schalteinrichtung (3), welche gesteuert durch die Regeleinrichtung (1 b) den Strom im Laststromkreis (8a, 8b) regelt oder schaltet,  a switching device (3) which controls or switches the current in the load circuit (8a, 8b) controlled by the control device (1 b),
wobei die Schalteinrichtung (3) auf MOS-FET Technologie basiert und bidirektional den Strom im Lastkreis (8a, 8b) schalten kann, wobei der Schalteinrichtung hierfür mindestens zwei anti-seriell geschaltete MOS-FET Transistoren aufweist, deren jeweiliger Source-Anschluss auf einem gemeinsamen Schaltpotential liegen.  wherein the switching device (3) is based on MOS-FET technology and bidirectionally switch the current in the load circuit (8a, 8b), the switching device for this purpose having at least two anti-series connected MOS-FET transistors whose respective source terminal on a common Switching potential lie.
Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalteinrichtung (3) mittels einer Treiberstufe (4) angesteuert wird. Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching device (3) by means of a driver stage (4) is driven.
Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalteinrichtung (3) mittels einer MOS-FET- Treiberstufe (4) angesteuert wird Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switching device (3) by means of a MOS-FET driver stage (4) is driven
Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalteinrichtung (3) über eine von der Stromrichtung im Lastkreis (8a, 8b) unabhängige Kurzschlusserkennung (2) verfügt, die geeignet ist die Schalt-Einrichtung (3) mittelbar oder unmittelbar so anzusteuern, dass der Strom im Lastkreis (8a, 8b) geregelt oder abgeschaltet werden kann. Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) via one of the current direction in the load circuit (8a, 8b) independent short-circuit detection (2) which is suitable, the switching device (3) directly or indirectly to control so that the current in the load circuit (8a, 8b) can be controlled or turned off.
Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass weiterhin eine Meldeeinrichtung (6) vorgesehen ist, die bei Ansteuern der Schalteinrichtung (3) diesen Betriebszustand signalisiert. Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is further provided a signaling device (6) which signals this operating state when the switching device (3) is actuated.
6. Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strommesseinrichtung und/oder die Regeleinrichtung und/oder die Schalteinrichtung mit Energie aus dem Lastkreis versorgt wird. 6. Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current measuring device and / or the regulating device and / or the switching device is supplied with energy from the load circuit.
7. Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Laststromkreis ein Gleichspannungskreis ist. 7. Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load circuit is a DC circuit.
8. Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Laststromkreis ein Wechselspannungskreis ist. 8. Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the load circuit is an AC circuit.
9. Reversible Reversible elektronische Schutzschalterklemme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, weiterhin aufweisend eine Fernmeldeeinrichtung (6). 9. Reversible Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a telecommunication device (6).
EP16731598.5A 2015-06-23 2016-06-23 Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal Withdrawn EP3314764A1 (en)

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DE102015211625.5A DE102015211625A1 (en) 2015-06-23 2015-06-23 Reversible electronic circuit breaker terminal
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DE102017127983A1 (en) 2017-11-27 2019-05-29 Beckhoff Automation Gmbh FUSE MODULE AND FIELD BUS SYSTEM WITH FUSE MODULE
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WO2016207264A1 (en) 2016-12-29
US20180183334A1 (en) 2018-06-28

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