EP3310940A1 - Thermal spraying method - Google Patents

Thermal spraying method

Info

Publication number
EP3310940A1
EP3310940A1 EP16724350.0A EP16724350A EP3310940A1 EP 3310940 A1 EP3310940 A1 EP 3310940A1 EP 16724350 A EP16724350 A EP 16724350A EP 3310940 A1 EP3310940 A1 EP 3310940A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
coating
optical sensor
sensor device
coated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16724350.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Klimesch
Andreas Schaller
Leander Schramm
Dieter Gebert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Huayu Alutech GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Huayu Alutech GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Huayu Alutech GmbH filed Critical KS Huayu Alutech GmbH
Publication of EP3310940A1 publication Critical patent/EP3310940A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/8422—Investigating thin films, e.g. matrix isolation method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/954—Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
    • B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle
    • B05B7/203—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle the material to be sprayed having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/8422—Investigating thin films, e.g. matrix isolation method
    • G01N2021/8427—Coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/954—Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores
    • G01N2021/9548—Scanning the interior of a cylinder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine.
  • Thermal spray burners are known in the art and are used to coat surfaces.
  • the PTWA Pasma Transferred Wire Are Spraying
  • RSW Ratating Single Wire
  • the spray burner is fed via a feed device, a wire whose particles are injected in a gas stream to the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a thermal spraying method and a device for coating the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston machine, which allows a simpler verification of the result of the coating process.
  • the thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine comprises the following method steps:
  • a thermal spray coating is applied to the inner surface of the cylinder. This can be done, for example, using the PTWA / RSW method known from the prior art.
  • An optical sensor device is inserted in the coated cylinder.
  • the optical sensor device is inserted into the inner volume of the cylinder so that it is in the axial direction between the base surfaces of the cylinder.
  • a scanning of the coated inner surface of the cylinder by the optical sensor device for detecting Aufoirefen in the coating For example, jarring may occur during the coating process because the wire supplied to the spray gun is not evenly melted.
  • these pimples can be detected automatically, so that a control of the quality of the coating process by a human accounts can. The faulty component can then be reworked if necessary.
  • the optical sensor device is a camera.
  • the optical sensor device is a laser interferometer, or a white light interferometer.
  • a holographic-based device may be used for the optical sensor device.
  • the distance from the axis of the sensor to the coated surface is preferably measured.
  • the optical sensor device may be arranged, for example, on the central axis of the cylinder, so that it should ideally have a constant distance from the entire coated inner surface of the cylinder.
  • a drop or a depression in the coating is assumed.
  • a threshold value can be defined, for example, by producing specially made faulty cylinders whose error lies exactly at the still permissible limit. By measuring this faulty sample part, it is possible to define an error threshold.
  • Various parameters of the compensation circle / cylinder can be considered, e.g. the mean.
  • the optical sensor device detects the position, number and size of the slugs in the coating and evaluates them by software algorithms to judge the quality of the coating process. For example, you can mathematical methods such as the Gauss equation to analyze the scattering on the surface of the cylinder. If the light scattering is above a defined threshold, the coated part is assumed to be defective. For example, the following parameters can be considered: standard deviations, variance, range or distribution. The size of the allowable deviation depends on how many drops or pits a particular application still allows.
  • the invention further relates to a thermal spray burner for applying a thermal spray coating on the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine.
  • the thermal spray burner now described can have all the features that have been described in connection with the method according to the invention, and vice versa. It has an optical sensor device which can be inserted into the coated cylinder.
  • the optical sensor device is configured to scan the coated inner surface of the cylinder and to detect pits or pits in the coating.
  • the distance from the central axis of the cylinder to its coated inner surface can be determined by the optical sensor device.
  • the optical sensor device is mounted on the central axis of the cylinder and is preferably rotatable about this.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cylinder 10 onto which, for example, by means of a PTWA method, a thermal spray coating 24 has been applied to its inner surface 26.
  • the thermal spray layer has a Auf scheme 14, which is caused by a mistake in the coating process on.
  • the distance a from the central axis M of the cylinder 10 to the coated inner surface 24 of the cylinder 10 thus has a lower value at the location of the Aufsches 14 than at the remaining inner surface of the cylinder.
  • This deviation is detected by an optical sensor device 12 introduced into the cylinder 10, for example a laser interferometer.
  • the coating can thus be recognized as defective and reworked if necessary.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal spraying method and a device for coating the inner surface of a cylinder (10) of an internal combustion engine or piston engine, the method comprising the following steps: - applying a thermal spray layer (24) to the inner surface (26) of the cylinder (10), - inserting an optical sensor device (12) in the coated cylinder (10), and - scanning the coated inner surface (24) of the cylinder (10) by means of the optical sensor device (12) in order to detect ridges (14) in the coating (24).

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G  DESCRIPTION
Thermisches Spritzverfahren Thermal spraying process
Die Erfindung betrifft ein thermisches Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine. Thermische Spritzbrenner sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und werden zur Beschichtung von Oberflächen verwendet. Beispielsweise ist das PTWA- (Plasma Transferred Wire Are Spraying) oder RSW- (Rotating Single Wire) Verfahren bekannt, durch das in der Automobilindustrie die Laufflächen von Zylinderbohrungen in Verbrennungskraftmaschinen beschichtet werden. Hierzu wird dem Spritzbrenner über eine Vorschubvorrichtung ein Draht zugeführt, dessen Partikel in einem Gasstrom auf die Innenfläche der Zylinder aufgespritzt werden. The invention relates to a thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine. Thermal spray burners are known in the art and are used to coat surfaces. For example, the PTWA (Plasma Transferred Wire Are Spraying) or RSW (Rotating Single Wire) method is known, by which in the automotive industry the running surfaces of cylinder bores in internal combustion engines are coated. For this purpose, the spray burner is fed via a feed device, a wire whose particles are injected in a gas stream to the inner surface of the cylinder.
Zum Erreichen einer gleichbleibenden Qualität des Beschichtungsprozesses ist es notwendig, dessen Ergebnisse zu kontrollieren. Dies gilt insbesondere, da ein nachfolgender Honprozess sehr sensibel auf Unregelmäßigkeiten reagiert, die durch den thermischen Beschichtungsprozess des Zylinders einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine entstehen können. Es ist somit wichtig, ein fehlerhaftes Bauteil zu erkennen und nötigenfalls nachzubearbeiten. To achieve a consistent quality of the coating process, it is necessary to control its results. This is particularly true since a subsequent honing process is very sensitive to irregularities that may arise due to the thermal coating process of the cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine. It is therefore important to recognize a faulty component and to rework if necessary.
Bisher wurde die Qualität des thermischen Spritzprozesses durch einen Mitarbeiter kontrolliert, indem dieser die beschichtete Zylinderlaufbahn visuell inspiziert. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein thermisches Spritzverfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine bereitzustellen, das eine einfachere Überprüfung des Ergebnisses des Beschichtungsprozesses ermöglicht. So far, the quality of the thermal spraying process has been controlled by an employee by visually inspecting the coated cylinder liner. The object of the invention is to provide a thermal spraying method and a device for coating the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston machine, which allows a simpler verification of the result of the coating process.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 6. The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 6.
Das thermische Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine umfasst die folgenden Verfahrensschritte: The thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine comprises the following method steps:
Es wird eine thermische Spritzschicht auf die Innenfläche des Zylinders aufgebracht. Dies kann beispielsweise unter Verwendung des aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten PTWA/RSW-Verfahrens erfolgen. A thermal spray coating is applied to the inner surface of the cylinder. This can be done, for example, using the PTWA / RSW method known from the prior art.
Es wird eine optische Sensorvorrichtung in den beschichteten Zylinder eingeführt. Vorzugsweise wird die optische Sensorvorrichtung in das Innenvolumen des Zylinders eingeführt, so dass sie sich in axialer Richtung zwischen den Grundflächen des Zylinders befindet. An optical sensor device is inserted in the coated cylinder. Preferably, the optical sensor device is inserted into the inner volume of the cylinder so that it is in the axial direction between the base surfaces of the cylinder.
Anschließend erfolgt ein Abtasten der beschichteten Innenfläche des Zylinders durch die optische Sensorvorrichtung zur Erfassung von Aufwürfen in der Beschichtung. Aufwürfe können beispielsweise während des Beschichtungsprozesses dadurch entstehen, dass der dem Spritzbrenner zugeführte Draht nicht gleichmäßig abgeschmolzen wird. Subsequently, a scanning of the coated inner surface of the cylinder by the optical sensor device for detecting Aufwürfen in the coating. For example, jarring may occur during the coating process because the wire supplied to the spray gun is not evenly melted.
Durch die Verwendung einer optischen Sensorvorrichtung können diese Aufwürfe automatisiert erkannt werden, so dass eine Kontrolle der Qualität des Beschichtungsprozesses durch einen Menschen entfallen kann. Das fehlerhafte Bauteil kann dann nötigenfalls nachbearbeitet werden. By using an optical sensor device, these pimples can be detected automatically, so that a control of the quality of the coating process by a human accounts can. The faulty component can then be reworked if necessary.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass die optische Sensorvorrichtung eine Kamera ist. It is preferable that the optical sensor device is a camera.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist es bevorzugt, dass die optische Sensorvorrichtung ein Laserinterferometer, oder ein Weißlichtinterferometer ist. Alternativ kann für die optische Sensorvorrichtung eine Vorrichtung auf holographischer Basis verwendet werden. In another embodiment, it is preferred that the optical sensor device is a laser interferometer, or a white light interferometer. Alternatively, a holographic-based device may be used for the optical sensor device.
Durch einen solchen wird bevorzugt der Abstand von der Achse des Sensors zu der beschichteten Oberfläche gemessen. Hierzu kann die optische Sensorvorrichtung beispielsweise an der Mittelachse des Zylinders angeordnet sein, so dass sie im Idealfall einen gleichbleibenden Abstand zu der gesamten beschichteten Innenfläche des Zylinders aufweisen sollte. Bei einer Abweichung dieses Abstands von einem Sollabstand, die einen definierten Schwellwert überschreitet, wird ein Aufwurf oder eine Vertiefung in der Beschichtung angenommen. Ein Schwellwert kann beispielsweise dadurch definiert werden, dass speziell hergestellte fehlerbehaftete Zylinder angefertigt werden, deren Fehler genau bei der noch zulässigen Grenze liegt. Durch eine Vermessung dieses fehlerbehafteten Musterteils ist es möglich eine Fehlerschwelle zu definieren. By such, the distance from the axis of the sensor to the coated surface is preferably measured. For this purpose, the optical sensor device may be arranged, for example, on the central axis of the cylinder, so that it should ideally have a constant distance from the entire coated inner surface of the cylinder. In the case of a deviation of this distance from a nominal distance which exceeds a defined threshold value, a drop or a depression in the coating is assumed. A threshold value can be defined, for example, by producing specially made faulty cylinders whose error lies exactly at the still permissible limit. By measuring this faulty sample part, it is possible to define an error threshold.
Es können verschiedene Parameter des Ausgleichskreises/Zylinders betrachtet werden z.B. der Mittelwert. Various parameters of the compensation circle / cylinder can be considered, e.g. the mean.
Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, dass die optische Sensorvorrichtung die Lage, Anzahl und Größe der Aufwürfe in der Beschichtung erfasst und diese durch Softwarealgorithmen ausgewertet werden, um die Qualität des Beschichtungsprozesses zu beurteilen. Beispielsweise können mathematische Verfahren wie die Ausgleichsrechnung nach Gauß verwendet werden, um die Streuung auf der Oberfläche des Zylinders zu analysieren. Liegt die Lichtstreuung über einem definierten Schwellwert, so wird das beschichtete Teil als fehlerhaft angenommen. Es können beispielsweise folgende Parameter betrachtet werden: Standardabweichungen, Varianz, Range oder Verteilung. Die Größe der noch zulässigen Abweichung ist davon abhängig, wie viele Aufwürfe oder Vertiefungen eine bestimmte Anwendung noch zulässt. Furthermore, it is preferable that the optical sensor device detects the position, number and size of the slugs in the coating and evaluates them by software algorithms to judge the quality of the coating process. For example, you can mathematical methods such as the Gauss equation to analyze the scattering on the surface of the cylinder. If the light scattering is above a defined threshold, the coated part is assumed to be defective. For example, the following parameters can be considered: standard deviations, variance, range or distribution. The size of the allowable deviation depends on how many drops or pits a particular application still allows.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen thermischen Spritzbrenner zum Aufbringen einer thermischen Spritzschicht auf die Innenfläche eines Zylinders einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine. Der jetzt beschriebene thermische Spritzbrenner kann alle Merkmale aufweisen, die im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beschrieben wurden, und umgekehrt. Er weist eine optische Sensorvorrichtung auf, die in den beschichteten Zylinder einführbar ist. Die optische Sensorvorrichtung ist ausgestaltet zum Abtasten der beschichteten Innenfläche des Zylinders und zur Erfassung von Aufwürfen oder Vertiefungen in der Beschichtung. Bevorzugt ist durch die optische Sensorvorrichtung der Abstand von der Mittelachse des Zylinders zu seiner beschichteten Innenfläche bestimmbar. The invention further relates to a thermal spray burner for applying a thermal spray coating on the inner surface of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or piston engine. The thermal spray burner now described can have all the features that have been described in connection with the method according to the invention, and vice versa. It has an optical sensor device which can be inserted into the coated cylinder. The optical sensor device is configured to scan the coated inner surface of the cylinder and to detect pits or pits in the coating. Preferably, the distance from the central axis of the cylinder to its coated inner surface can be determined by the optical sensor device.
Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, dass die optische Sensorvorrichtung an der Mittelachse des Zylinders angebracht ist und vorzugsweise um diese rotierbar ist. Furthermore, it is preferred that the optical sensor device is mounted on the central axis of the cylinder and is preferably rotatable about this.
Im Folgenden wird eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung anhand einer Figur erläutert. Figur 1 zeigt einen Zylinder 10, auf den beispielsweise durch ein PTWA- Verfahren eine thermische Spritzschicht 24 auf seine Innenfläche 26 aufgebracht wurde. Die thermische Spritzschicht weist einen Aufwurf 14, der durch einen Fehler im Beschichtungsprozess entstanden ist, auf. Der Abstand a von der Mittelachse M des Zylinders 10 zur beschichteten Innenfläche 24 des Zylinders 10 weist somit an der Stelle des Aufwurfs 14 einen geringeren Wert auf als an der übrigen Innenfläche des Zylinders. Dieser Abweichung wird durch eine in den Zylinder 10 eingeführte optische Sensorvorrichtung 12, beispielsweise einen Laserinterferometer, erfasst. Die Beschichtung kann somit als mangelhaft erkannt werden und nötigenfalls nachbearbeitet werden. In the following, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to a figure. FIG. 1 shows a cylinder 10 onto which, for example, by means of a PTWA method, a thermal spray coating 24 has been applied to its inner surface 26. The thermal spray layer has a Aufwurf 14, which is caused by a mistake in the coating process on. The distance a from the central axis M of the cylinder 10 to the coated inner surface 24 of the cylinder 10 thus has a lower value at the location of the Aufwurfs 14 than at the remaining inner surface of the cylinder. This deviation is detected by an optical sensor device 12 introduced into the cylinder 10, for example a laser interferometer. The coating can thus be recognized as defective and reworked if necessary.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Thermisches Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders (10) einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist: A thermal spray method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder (10) of an internal combustion engine or piston engine, the method comprising the steps of:
- Aufbringen einer thermischen Spritzschicht (24) auf die Innenfläche (26) des Zylinders (10)  - Applying a thermal spray coating (24) on the inner surface (26) of the cylinder (10)
- Einführen einer optischen Sensorvorrichtung (12) in den beschichteten Zylinder (10)  - Inserting an optical sensor device (12) in the coated cylinder (10)
- Abtasten der beschichteten Innenfläche (24) des Zylinders (10) durch die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) zur Erfassung von Aufwürfen oder Vertiefungen (14) in der Beschichtung (24).  - Scanning the coated inner surface (24) of the cylinder (10) by the optical sensor device (12) for detecting throws or depressions (14) in the coating (24).
2. Thermisches Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders (10) einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1, 2. Thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder (10) of an internal combustion engine or piston engine according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) eine Kamera ist.  the optical sensor device (12) is a camera.
3. Thermisches Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders (10) einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1, 3. Thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder (10) of an internal combustion engine or piston engine according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) ein Laserinterferometer ist.  the optical sensor device (12) is a laser interferometer.
4. Thermisches Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders (10) einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. Thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder (10) of an internal combustion engine or piston engine according to one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) der Abstand a von der Mittelachse M des Zylinders (10) zu seiner beschichteten Oberfläche (24) gemessen wird, wobei bei einer Abweichung dieses Abstands a von einem Sollabstand, die einen definierten Schwellwert überschreitet, ein Aufwurf oder eine Vertiefung (14) in der Beschichtung (24) angenommen wird. characterized in that is measured by the optical sensor device (12) the distance a from the central axis M of the cylinder (10) to its coated surface (24), wherein in a deviation of this distance a from a desired distance which exceeds a defined threshold, a Aufwurf or a Recess (14) in the coating (24) is assumed.
5. Thermisches Spritzverfahren zum Beschichten der Innenfläche eines Zylinders (10) einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Kolbenmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. Thermal spraying method for coating the inner surface of a cylinder (10) of an internal combustion engine or piston engine according to one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) die Lage, Anzahl und Größe der Aufwürfe oder Vertiefungen (14) in der Beschichtung (24) erfasst und diese durch Softwarealgorithmen ausgewertet werden, um die Qualität des Beschichtungsprozesses zu beurteilen.  the optical sensor device (12) detects the location, number and size of the pits or pits (14) in the coating (24) and evaluates them by software algorithms to assess the quality of the coating process.
6. Thermischer Spritzbrenner (11) zum Aufbringen einer thermischen Spritzschicht (24) auf die Innenfläche (26) eines Zylinders (10) einer6. A thermal spray burner (11) for applying a thermal spray coating (24) on the inner surface (26) of a cylinder (10) of a
Brennkraftmaschine, wobei der thermische Spritzbrenner (11) aufweist: Eine optische Sensorvorrichtung (12), die in den beschichteten Zylinder (10) einführbar ist, Internal combustion engine, the thermal spray burner (11) comprising: an optical sensor device (12) insertable into the coated cylinder (10),
wobei die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) ausgestaltet ist zum Abtasten der beschichteten Innenfläche (24) des Zylinders (10) und zur Erfassung von Aufwürfen oder Vertiefungen (14) in der Beschichtung (24).  wherein the optical sensor device (12) is configured to scan the coated inner surface (24) of the cylinder (10) and detect protrusions or depressions (14) in the coating (24).
7. Thermischer Spritzbrenner (11) nach Anspruch 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) der Abstand a von der Mittelachse M des Zylinders (10) zu seiner beschichteten Innenfläche (24) bestimmbar ist. 7. Thermal spray burner (11) according to claim 6, characterized in that by the optical sensor device (12) the distance a from the central axis M of the cylinder (10) to its coated inner surface (24) can be determined.
8. Thermischer Spritzbrenner (11) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die optische Sensorvorrichtung (12) an der Mittelachse M des Zylinders (10) angebracht ist und vorzugsweise um diese rotierbar ist. 8. Thermal spray burner (11) according to claim 7, characterized in that the optical sensor device (12) is mounted on the central axis M of the cylinder (10) and is preferably rotatable about this.
EP16724350.0A 2015-06-19 2016-05-13 Thermal spraying method Withdrawn EP3310940A1 (en)

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