EP3307922A1 - Method for coating the surface of a closed cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine and piston that can be produced by said method - Google Patents

Method for coating the surface of a closed cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine and piston that can be produced by said method

Info

Publication number
EP3307922A1
EP3307922A1 EP16732963.0A EP16732963A EP3307922A1 EP 3307922 A1 EP3307922 A1 EP 3307922A1 EP 16732963 A EP16732963 A EP 16732963A EP 3307922 A1 EP3307922 A1 EP 3307922A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling channel
piston
coating
coating agent
boron nitride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16732963.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3307922B1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Bischofberger
Stephan Körner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP3307922A1 publication Critical patent/EP3307922A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3307922B1 publication Critical patent/EP3307922B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F02F3/225—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid the liquid being directed into blind holes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coating the surface of a closed, ⁇ lzulauf ⁇ or oil drain holes having cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine with a hexagonal boron nitride-containing coating agent.
  • the present invention further relates to a producible by means of such a method piston.
  • Cooling channel pistons are preferably used in modern internal combustion engines with high specific engine power, since they can dissipate a larger amount of heat compared to only spray-cooled piston during engine operation, so that their maximum operating temperature can be significantly reduced.
  • EP 2 096 290 A1 discloses a non-stick coating based on
  • This protective coating comprises a polymer-based matrix, in particular a polysiloxane, into which particles, in particular of hexagonal
  • Such coatings have, among other things, excellent non-wetting properties for preventing the deposition of thermally insulating solids such as ashes or slags.
  • the object of the present invention is a generic
  • the solution consists in a process comprising the following process steps: a) introducing a defined amount of a coating agent in the form of a suspension of hexagonal boron nitride with a solution based on at least one thermally curable inorganic binder and at least one solvent in the cooling channel; b) distributing the coating agent on the
  • the inventive method is characterized in that a piston can be produced, wherein the entire surface of the cooling channel with a
  • hexagonal boron nitride coating which has a uniform thickness over the entire surface of the cooling channel, which is preferably between 10 ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ . This ensures that the Heat transfer from the cooling channel is little or not affected.
  • the size of the surface of the cooling channel is determined before step a) in order to be able to optimally dose the coating agent.
  • Surface of the cooling channel of 190cm 2 is an optimal dosage 7ml, or about 36.84 ⁇ per square centimeter.
  • step a) the surface of the cooling channel with a
  • Cleaning agent cleaned to improve the adhesion of the coating on the surface Suitable cleaning agents are, for example, methanol, ethanol, acetone, 1 - propanol and 2-propanol and other low-chain alcohols.
  • the coating composition used in step a) contains as preferred binder at least one polysiloxane, which is preferably dissolved in ethanol.
  • sodium and / or potassium silicate can be used, thereby enabling the use of a sol-gel method.
  • the piston can, for example, be moved by means of a biaxial mixing device.
  • Biaxialmischtechnik are known per se and are usually used for mixing paints and paints.
  • step c) a laminar flow of air at a speed of 1 to 2 meters per second is used to avoid that
  • Coating agent is distributed by an excessively fast air flow unevenly on the surface of the cooling channel.
  • the drying of the coating agent is expediently carried out at room temperature.
  • the thermal curing may, for example. At a temperature of 180 ° C to 220 ° C are performed.
  • Figure 1 an embodiment of a piston according to the invention in section
  • Figure 2 is a photographic representation of a piston body according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further photographic representation of a piston main body with a faulty coating.
  • the piston 10 has a piston head 11 with a piston head 12, a
  • Combustion tray 13 a circumferential land 14 and a circumferential ring portion 15 with annular grooves for receiving piston rings (not shown).
  • the piston 10 further includes a piston shaft 16 which is provided in known manner with piston hubs 17, in which hub bores 18 for
  • Piston hubs 17 are connected to each other via running surfaces 19.
  • the piston 10 is in the embodiment as a one-piece piston from a
  • Piston upper part 22 by welding or soldering inextricably linked.
  • the piston main body 21 and the piston upper part 22 may consist of the same material or different materials.
  • the piston body 21 and the piston upper part 22 together form a circulating in the amount of the ring portion 15 cooling channel 23, the oil inlet or.
  • the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is provided with a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) -containing coating 25.
  • the thickness of the coating 25 is preferably 20 ⁇ to 40 ⁇
  • Thermal conductivity of the coating 25 is preferably 40W / mK to 50W / mK, depending on the degree of purity of the hexagonal boron nitride.
  • the friction coefficient of the coating 25 is constant up to a temperature of 600 ° C and is 0.2.
  • the specific surface area of the coating 25 is dependent on
  • the surface of the cooling channel 23 is determined in cm 2 to the
  • the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is thoroughly cleaned with ethanol.
  • 10ml to 30ml of ethanol via one of the oil inlet or oil drain holes 23 ', 23 "introduced into the cooling channel 23 and the bores 23', 23" with plug (preferably made of a rubber elastic
  • the piston 10 is moved to disperse the ethanol in the cooling channel and to ensure that the entire surface 24 is wetted with ethanol.
  • a biaxial mixer can be used.
  • the plugs are removed, so that the remaining ethanol drains from the cooling channel 23.
  • the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is dried via one of the bores 23 ', 23 "by means of a laminar air flow at a flow rate of 1 m / s to 2 m / s for five minutes at room temperature.
  • As a coating agent is a suspension of particles of hexagonal
  • Boron nitride used in a dissolved in ethanol polysiloxane is Boron nitride used in a dissolved in ethanol polysiloxane.
  • the content of hexagonal boron nitride in the suspension in the exemplary embodiment is 104 g / l, based on the volume of the pure polysiloxane solution.
  • the content of polysiloxane is in the exemplary embodiment 61 g / l, based on the total volume of
  • the ethanol content of the suspension in the exemplary embodiment is 647 g / l, based on the total volume of the suspension.
  • Coating agent is eg. Under the name HeBoCoat ® 400E with the manufacturer Henze Boron Nitride Products AG, Grundweg 1, 87493 arbors, commercially to purchase. It is essential that the coating agent is free of halogen-containing substances, in particular free of fluorine-containing substances.
  • the dosage is based on the size of the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 in cm 2 .
  • An optimum dosage of the suspension is 7 ml for a surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 of 190 cm 2 . In the exemplary embodiment, this corresponds to 4.53 g of ethanol, 0.43 g of polysiloxane and 0.73 g of hBN.
  • the coating agent is introduced into the cooling channel 23 via one of the bores 23 ', 23 ", expediently with the aid of a metering device, for example a metering pump
  • the bores 23', 23" are closed with plugs, preferably made of a rubber-elastic material.
  • the piston 10 is moved by at least two spatial axes. These Movement is essential to keep the coating agent even on the
  • a rotation unit for example.
  • a known per se biaxial mixer is used, with which the piston 10 is rotated both about its longitudinal axis and about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the coating agent adhering to the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is dried via one of the bores 23 ', 23 "by means of a laminar air flow at a flow rate of 1 m / s to 2 m / s for about five minutes at room temperature (about 20 ° C.). In this process, the ethanol is expelled from the coating agent This drying step is essential to ensure a perfect uniform drying of the coating agent The flow velocity of the laminar air flow must not be too great, otherwise the near the holes 23 ', 23 "on the Surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 adhering coating agent would be displaced by the air pressure, so that a coating with uneven thickness would result.
  • the resulting coating 25 has a surface energy of 15-17 mN / m and a layer thickness of 20 ⁇ to 40 ⁇ , which is constant over the entire surface 24 of the cooling channel 23. Due to its small layer thickness has the
  • Coating 25 no thermal insulating effect on the material of the piston 10.
  • the coating 25 is temperature resistant up to 600 ° C.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for coating the surface (24) of a closed cooling channel (23) of a piston (10) for an internal combustion engine, said cooling channel comprising oil inlet and oil outlet boreholes (23', 23"), using a coating agent containing a hexagonal boron nitride, said method comprising the following method steps: a) introducing a defined amount of a coating agent in the form of a suspension of hexagonal boron nitride with a solution on the basis of at least one thermally hardenable inorganic binder and at least one solvent into the cooling channel (23); b) dispersing the coating agent on the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) by moving the piston (10) about at least two spatial axes; c) drying the coating agent distributed on the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) by means of a laminar air flow; d) thermally hardening the coating agent for completing a coating (25) that adheres on the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23).

Description

Verfahren zur Beschichtung der Oberfläche eines geschlossenen Kühlkanals eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor sowie mittels dieses Verfahrens herstellbarer Kolben  Process for coating the surface of a closed cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine and piston producible by this method
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung der Oberfläche eines geschlossenen, Ölzulauf- bzw. Ölablaufbohrungen aufweisenden Kühlkanals eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit einem hexagonales Bornitrid enthaltenden Beschichtungsmittel. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner einen mittels eines derartigen Verfahrens herstellbaren Kolben. The present invention relates to a method for coating the surface of a closed, Ölzulauf¬ or oil drain holes having cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine with a hexagonal boron nitride-containing coating agent. The present invention further relates to a producible by means of such a method piston.
Derart beschichtete Kolben sind bekannt. Kühlkanalkolben werden bevorzugt in modernen Verbrennungsmotoren mit hoher spezifischer Motorleistung eingesetzt, da sie im Vergleich zu lediglich anspritzgekühlten Kolben im Motorbetrieb eine größere Wärmemenge abführen können, so dass ihre maximale Betriebstemperatur deutlich reduziert werden kann. Such coated pistons are known. Cooling channel pistons are preferably used in modern internal combustion engines with high specific engine power, since they can dissipate a larger amount of heat compared to only spray-cooled piston during engine operation, so that their maximum operating temperature can be significantly reduced.
Dieses Konzept erweist sich jedoch in neuesten Motorkonstruktionen mit noch höherer spezifischer Motorleistung als problematisch. Schon nach kurzen However, this concept proves problematic in recent engine designs with even higher specific engine power. After a short time
Motorlaufzeiten bilden sich in den heißesten Zonen des Kolbens, insbesondere im Kühlkanal, gut haftende Ablagerungen aus Ölkohle. Derartige Ablagerungen weisen zudem wärmeisolierende Eigenschaften auf, so dass das Abfließen der Motor life forms in the hottest zones of the piston, especially in the cooling channel, well-adherent deposits of carbon. Such deposits also have heat-insulating properties, so that the outflow of the
Wärmemenge behindert wird. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Temperatur des Kolbens während des Motorbetriebs unverhältnismäßig stark zunimmt. Bei Stahlkolben führt dies darüber hinaus zu verstärkter Zunderbildung. Im Extremfall werden diese Kolben so heiß, dass eine irreversible Degeneration des Stahl Werkstoffs einsetzt. Dies führt im weiteren Motorbetrieb zu Rissen im Stahlwerkstoff und in der weiteren Folge zu einem völligen Versagen der Kolbenfunktion. Amount of heat is hindered. As a result, the temperature of the piston increases disproportionately during engine operation. In steel pistons, this also leads to increased scale formation. In extreme cases, these pistons become so hot that an irreversible degeneration of the steel material begins. This leads in the further engine operation to cracks in the steel material and in the further consequence to a complete failure of the piston function.
Die EP 2 096 290 A1 offenbart eine Antihaft-Beschichtung auf der Basis von EP 2 096 290 A1 discloses a non-stick coating based on
Fluorsilanen. Fluorosilanes.
Aus der DE 10 2008 020 906 A1 ist eine Schutzbeschichtung für Einrichtungen und Industrie bekannt. Diese Schutzbeschichtung umfasst eine polymerbasierte Matrix, insbesondere ein Polysiloxan, in die Partikel, insbesondere aus hexagonalem From DE 10 2008 020 906 A1 is a protective coating for facilities and Industry known. This protective coating comprises a polymer-based matrix, in particular a polysiloxane, into which particles, in particular of hexagonal
Bornitrid, eingelagert sind. Derartige Beschichtungen weisen unter Anderem hervorragende Nichtbenetzungseigenschaften zur Verhinderung der Ablagerung von thermisch isolierenden Feststoffen wie Aschen oder Schlacken auf. Boron nitride, are stored. Such coatings have, among other things, excellent non-wetting properties for preventing the deposition of thermally insulating solids such as ashes or slags.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die bis jetzt bekannten Beschichtungen entweder sehr aufwändig zu applizieren sind und Beschichtungen mit einer ungleichmäßigen Schichtdicke erzeugen, so dass zumindest stellenweise wärmedämmende Effekte resultieren, die den Wärmeabfluss aus dem Kühlkanal behindern. Insbesondere kann die gesamte Oberfläche eines Kühlkanals nicht mit zufriedenstellenden Ergebnissen beschichtet werden. It has been found that the coatings known hitherto are either very time-consuming to apply and produce coatings with an uneven layer thickness, so that at least in places heat-insulating effects result which hinder the heat flow out of the cooling channel. In particular, the entire surface of a cooling channel can not be coated with satisfactory results.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein gattungsgemäßes The object of the present invention is a generic
Verfahren so weiterzuentwickeln, dass eine gleichmäßig dünne Beschichtung über die gesamte Oberfläche des Kühlkanals erhalten werden kann. Process further so that a uniformly thin coating over the entire surface of the cooling channel can be obtained.
Die Lösung besteht in einem Verfahren mit den folgenden Verfahrensschritten: a) Einbringen einer definierten Menge eines Beschichtungsmittels in Form einer Suspension von hexagonalem Bornitrid mit einer Lösung auf der Basis mindestens eines thermisch aushärtbaren anorganischen Bindemittels und mindestens eines Lösemittels in den Kühlkanal; b) Verteilen des Beschichtungsmittels auf der The solution consists in a process comprising the following process steps: a) introducing a defined amount of a coating agent in the form of a suspension of hexagonal boron nitride with a solution based on at least one thermally curable inorganic binder and at least one solvent in the cooling channel; b) distributing the coating agent on the
Oberfläche des Kühlkanals durch Bewegen des Kolbens um mindestens zwei Raumachsen; c) Trocknen des auf der Oberfläche des Kühlkanals verteilten Surface of the cooling channel by moving the piston about at least two spatial axes; c) drying the distributed on the surface of the cooling channel
Beschichtungsmittels mittels einer laminaren Luftströmung; d) Thermisches Coating agent by means of a laminar air flow; d) thermal
Aushärten des Beschichtungsmittels zum Fertigstellen einer auf der Oberfläche des Kühlkanals haftenden Beschichtung. Curing the coating agent to complete a coating adhering to the surface of the cooling channel.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein Kolben herstellbar ist, bei dem die gesamte Oberfläche des Kühlkanals mit einer The inventive method is characterized in that a piston can be produced, wherein the entire surface of the cooling channel with a
hexagonales Bornitrid enthaltende Beschichtung versehen ist, die über die gesamte Oberfläche des Kühlkanals eine gleichmäßige Dicke aufweist, die vorzugsweise zwischen 10μηη und Ι ΟΌμιτι beträgt. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass der Wärmedurchgang aus dem Kühlkanal wenig bis gar nicht beeinträchtigt wird. hexagonal boron nitride coating is provided which has a uniform thickness over the entire surface of the cooling channel, which is preferably between 10μηη and Ι ΟΌμιτι. This ensures that the Heat transfer from the cooling channel is little or not affected.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims.
Zweckmäßigerweise wird vor Schritt a) die Größe der Oberfläche des Kühlkanals bestimmt, um das Beschichtungsmittel optimal dosieren zu können. Bei einer Conveniently, the size of the surface of the cooling channel is determined before step a) in order to be able to optimally dose the coating agent. At a
Oberfläche des Kühlkanals von 190cm2 beträgt eine optimale Dosierung 7ml, also etwa 36,84μΙ pro Quadratzentimeter. Surface of the cooling channel of 190cm 2 is an optimal dosage 7ml, or about 36.84μΙ per square centimeter.
Vorzugsweise wird vor Schritt a) die Oberfläche des Kühlkanals mit einem Preferably, before step a), the surface of the cooling channel with a
Reinigungsmittel gereinigt, um die Haftung der Beschichtung auf der Oberfläche zu verbessern. Geeignete Reinigungsmittel sind bspw. Methanol, Ethanol, Aceton, 1 - Propanol und 2-Propanol sowie andere niedrig kettige Alkohole. Cleaning agent cleaned to improve the adhesion of the coating on the surface. Suitable cleaning agents are, for example, methanol, ethanol, acetone, 1 - propanol and 2-propanol and other low-chain alcohols.
Das in Schritt a) verwendete Beschichtungsmittel enthält als bevorzugtes Bindemittel mindestens ein Polysiloxan, welches vorzugsweise in Ethanol gelöst wird. The coating composition used in step a) contains as preferred binder at least one polysiloxane, which is preferably dissolved in ethanol.
Als weiteres Bindemittel kann Natrium- und/oder Kaliumsilikat verwendet werden, wodurch die Anwendung eines Sol-Gel-Verfahrens ermöglicht wird. As another binder, sodium and / or potassium silicate can be used, thereby enabling the use of a sol-gel method.
In Schritt b) kann der Kolben bspw. mittels eines Biaxialmischgeräts bewegt werden. Biaxialmischgeräte sind an sich bekannt und werden in der Regel zur Mischung von Lacken und Farben eingesetzt. In step b), the piston can, for example, be moved by means of a biaxial mixing device. Biaxialmischgeräte are known per se and are usually used for mixing paints and paints.
Vorzugsweise wird in Schritt c) eine laminare Luftströmung mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1 bis 2 Metern pro Sekunde angewendet, um zu vermeiden, dass das Preferably, in step c) a laminar flow of air at a speed of 1 to 2 meters per second is used to avoid that
Beschichtungsmittel durch eine zu schnelle Luftströmung ungleichmäßig auf der Oberfläche des Kühlkanals verteilt wird. Das Trocknen des Beschichtungsmittels erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise bei Raumtemperatur. Coating agent is distributed by an excessively fast air flow unevenly on the surface of the cooling channel. The drying of the coating agent is expediently carried out at room temperature.
In Schritt d) kann das thermische Aushärten bspw. bei einer Temperatur von 180°C bis 220°C durchgeführt werden. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen in einer schematischen, nicht maßstabsgetreuen Darstellung: In step d), the thermal curing may, for example. At a temperature of 180 ° C to 220 ° C are performed. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In a schematic, not to scale representation:
Figur 1 : ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens im Schnitt; Figure 1: an embodiment of a piston according to the invention in section;
Figur 2 eine fotografische Darstellung eines Kolbengrundkörpers gemäß Figur Figure 2 is a photographic representation of a piston body according to FIG
1 mit der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aufgetragenen Beschichtung;  1 with the applied by the process according to the invention coating;
Figur 3 eine weitere fotografische Darstellung eines Kolbengrundkörpers mit einer fehlerhaften Beschichtung. FIG. 3 shows a further photographic representation of a piston main body with a faulty coating.
Der Kolben 10 weist einen Kolbenkopf 11 mit einem Kolbenboden 12, einer The piston 10 has a piston head 11 with a piston head 12, a
Verbrennungsmulde 13, einem umlaufenden Feuersteg 14 sowie einer umlaufenden Ringpartie 15 mit Ringnuten zur Aufnahme von Kolbenringen (nicht darstellt) auf. Combustion tray 13, a circumferential land 14 and a circumferential ring portion 15 with annular grooves for receiving piston rings (not shown).
Der Kolben 10 weist ferner einen Kolbenschaft 16 auf, der in an sich bekannter Weise mit Kolbennaben 17 versehen ist, in welche Nabenbohrungen 18 zur The piston 10 further includes a piston shaft 16 which is provided in known manner with piston hubs 17, in which hub bores 18 for
Aufnahme eines Kolbenbolzens (nicht dargestellt) eingebracht sind. Die Recording a piston pin (not shown) are introduced. The
Kolbennaben 17 sind über Laufflächen 19 miteinander verbunden. Piston hubs 17 are connected to each other via running surfaces 19.
Der Kolben 10 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel als einstückiger Kolben aus einem The piston 10 is in the embodiment as a one-piece piston from a
Stahlwerkstoff ausgebildet. Hierbei sind ein Kolbengrundkörper 21 und ein Steel material formed. Here are a piston body 21 and a
Kolbenoberteil 22 durch Schweißen oder Löten unlösbar miteinander verbunden. Der Kolbengrundkörper 21 und das Kolbenoberteil 22 können aus demselben Werkstoff oder unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen bestehen. Piston upper part 22 by welding or soldering inextricably linked. The piston main body 21 and the piston upper part 22 may consist of the same material or different materials.
Der Kolbengrundkörper 21 und das Kolbenoberteil 22 bilden gemeinsam einen in Höhe der Ringpartie 15 umlaufenden Kühlkanal 23, der Ölzulauf-bzw. The piston body 21 and the piston upper part 22 together form a circulating in the amount of the ring portion 15 cooling channel 23, the oil inlet or.
Ölablaufbohrungen 23', 23" aufweist. Die Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 ist mit einer hexagonales Bornitrid (hBN) enthaltenden Beschichtung 25 versehen. Die Dicke der Beschichtung 25 beträgt vorzugsweise 20μηη bis 40μηη. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Beschichtung 25 beträgt vorzugsweise 40W/mK bis 50W/mK, abhängig vom Reinheitsgrad des hexagonalen Bornitrids. Der Reibungskoeffizient der Beschichtung 25 ist bis zu einer Temperatur von 600°C konstant und beträgt 0,2. Die spezifische Oberfläche der Beschichtung 25 beträgt, abhängig vom The surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is provided with a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) -containing coating 25. The thickness of the coating 25 is preferably 20μηη to 40μηη Thermal conductivity of the coating 25 is preferably 40W / mK to 50W / mK, depending on the degree of purity of the hexagonal boron nitride. The friction coefficient of the coating 25 is constant up to a temperature of 600 ° C and is 0.2. The specific surface area of the coating 25 is dependent on
Reinheitsgrad des hexagonalen Bornitrids, 5m2/g bis 15m2/g. Purity of hexagonal boron nitride, 5m 2 / g to 15m 2 / g.
Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Beschichtung des Kühlkanals 23 beschrieben. An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for coating the cooling channel 23 will be described below.
Zunächst wird die Oberfläche des Kühlkanals 23 in cm2 bestimmt, um das First, the surface of the cooling channel 23 is determined in cm 2 to the
Beschichtungsmittel optimal dosieren zu können. To be able to meter coating agent optimally.
Die Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 wird gründlich mit Ethanol gereinigt. Hierzu werden, je nach Größe der Oberfläche 24, 10ml bis 30ml Ethanol über eine der Ölzulauf- bzw. Ölablaufbohrungen 23', 23" in den Kühlkanal 23 eingebracht und die Bohrungen 23', 23" mit Stopfen (vorzugsweise aus einem gummielastischen The surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is thoroughly cleaned with ethanol. For this purpose, depending on the size of the surface 24, 10ml to 30ml of ethanol via one of the oil inlet or oil drain holes 23 ', 23 "introduced into the cooling channel 23 and the bores 23', 23" with plug (preferably made of a rubber elastic
Werkstoff) verschlossen. Der Kolben 10 wird bewegt, um das Ethanol im Kühlkanal zu verteilen und sicherzustellen, dass die gesamte Oberfläche 24 mit Ethanol benetzt wird. Hierzu kann bspw. ein Biaxialmischer verwendet werden. Anschließend werden die Stopfen entfernt, so dass das verbleibende Ethanol aus dem Kühlkanal 23 abläuft. Die Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 wird über eine der Bohrungen 23', 23" mittels einer laminaren Luftströmung mit einer Fließgeschwindigkeit von 1 m/s bis 2m/s fünf Minuten bei Raumtemperatur getrocknet. Material) closed. The piston 10 is moved to disperse the ethanol in the cooling channel and to ensure that the entire surface 24 is wetted with ethanol. For this purpose, for example, a biaxial mixer can be used. Subsequently, the plugs are removed, so that the remaining ethanol drains from the cooling channel 23. The surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is dried via one of the bores 23 ', 23 "by means of a laminar air flow at a flow rate of 1 m / s to 2 m / s for five minutes at room temperature.
Als Beschichtungsmittel wird eine Suspension von Partikeln aus hexagonalem As a coating agent is a suspension of particles of hexagonal
Bornitrid in einem in Ethanol gelösten Polysiloxan verwendet. Der Gehalt an hexagonalem Bornitrid in der Suspension beträgt im Ausführungsbeispiel 104g/l, bezogen auf das Volumen der reinen Polysiloxan-Lösung. Der Gehalt an Polysiloxan beträgt im Ausführungsbeispiel 61 g/l, bezogen auf das Gesamtvolumen der Boron nitride used in a dissolved in ethanol polysiloxane. The content of hexagonal boron nitride in the suspension in the exemplary embodiment is 104 g / l, based on the volume of the pure polysiloxane solution. The content of polysiloxane is in the exemplary embodiment 61 g / l, based on the total volume of
Suspension. Der Ethanolgehalt der Suspension beträgt im Ausführungsbeispiel 647g/l, bezogen auf das Gesamtvolumen der Suspension. Ein derartiges Suspension. The ethanol content of the suspension in the exemplary embodiment is 647 g / l, based on the total volume of the suspension. Such a thing
Beschichtungsmittel ist bspw. unter der Bezeichnung HeBoCoat ®400E bei dem Hersteller Henze Boron Nitride Products AG, Grundweg 1 , 87493 Lauben, käuflich zu erwerben. Wesentlich ist, dass das Beschichtungsmittel frei von halogenhaltigen Stoffen, insbesondere frei von fluorhaltigen Stoffen ist. Coating agent is eg. Under the name HeBoCoat ® 400E with the manufacturer Henze Boron Nitride Products AG, Grundweg 1, 87493 arbors, commercially to purchase. It is essential that the coating agent is free of halogen-containing substances, in particular free of fluorine-containing substances.
Die Dosierung erfolgt bezogen auf die Größe der Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 in cm2. Eine optimale Dosierung der Suspension beträgt 7ml für eine Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 von 190 cm2. Dies entspricht im Ausführungsbeispiel 4,53g Ethanol, 0,43g Polysiloxan und 0,73g hBN. The dosage is based on the size of the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 in cm 2 . An optimum dosage of the suspension is 7 ml for a surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 of 190 cm 2 . In the exemplary embodiment, this corresponds to 4.53 g of ethanol, 0.43 g of polysiloxane and 0.73 g of hBN.
Ein Versuch mit verschiedenen Dosierungen des Beschichtungsmittels für einen Kühlkanal 23 mit einer Oberfläche 24 von 190 cm2 erbrachte die folgenden An experiment with different dosages of the coating agent for a cooling channel 23 with a surface 24 of 190 cm 2 gave the following
Ergebnisse, wobei die Ergebnisse der optimalen Dosierung und der zu hohen Dosierung in den Figuren 2 und 3 illustriert sind: Results, wherein the results of the optimal dosage and the high dosage are illustrated in Figures 2 and 3:
Das Beschichtungsmittel wird über eine der Bohrungen 23', 23" in den Kühlkanal 23 eingebracht, zweckmäßigerweise mit Hilfe einer Dosiervorrichtung, bspw. einer Dosierpumpe. Die Bohrungen 23', 23" werden mit Stopfen, vorzugsweise aus einem gummielastischen Werkstoff, verschlossen. The coating agent is introduced into the cooling channel 23 via one of the bores 23 ', 23 ", expediently with the aid of a metering device, for example a metering pump The bores 23', 23" are closed with plugs, preferably made of a rubber-elastic material.
Anschließend wird der Kolben 10 um mindestens zwei Raumachsen bewegt. Diese Bewegung ist wesentlich, um das Beschichtungsmittel gleichmäßig auf der Subsequently, the piston 10 is moved by at least two spatial axes. These Movement is essential to keep the coating agent even on the
Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals zu verteilen. Dazu wird zweckmäßigerweise eine Rotationseinheit, bspw. ein an sich bekannter Biaxialmischer verwendet, mit dem der Kolben 10 sowohl um seine Längsachse als auch um eine senkrecht zur Längsachse verlaufende Achse gedreht wird. Distribute surface 24 of the cooling channel. For this purpose, a rotation unit, for example. A known per se biaxial mixer is used, with which the piston 10 is rotated both about its longitudinal axis and about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
Danach werden die Stopfen entfernt. Das auf der Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 haftende Beschichtungsmittel wird über eine der Bohrungen 23', 23" mittels einer laminaren Luftströmung mit einer Fließgeschwindigkeit von 1 m/s bis 2m/s etwa fünf Minuten bei Raumtemperatur (ca. 20°C) getrocknet. Dabei wird das Ethanol aus dem Beschichtungsmittel ausgetrieben. Dieser Trocknungsschritt ist wesentlich, um eine fehlerfreie gleichmäßige Trocknung des Beschichtungsmittels zu gewährleisten. Die Fließgeschwindigkeit der laminaren Luftströmung darf nicht zu groß sein, da sonst das in der Nähe der Bohrungen 23', 23" auf der Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 haftende Beschichtungsmittel durch den Luftdruck verschoben würde, so dass eine Beschichtung mit ungleichmäßiger Dicke resultieren würde. After that the plugs are removed. The coating agent adhering to the surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 is dried via one of the bores 23 ', 23 "by means of a laminar air flow at a flow rate of 1 m / s to 2 m / s for about five minutes at room temperature (about 20 ° C.). In this process, the ethanol is expelled from the coating agent This drying step is essential to ensure a perfect uniform drying of the coating agent The flow velocity of the laminar air flow must not be too great, otherwise the near the holes 23 ', 23 "on the Surface 24 of the cooling channel 23 adhering coating agent would be displaced by the air pressure, so that a coating with uneven thickness would result.
Zum Herstellen der fertigen Beschichtung 25 erfolgt eine Aushärtung durch For producing the finished coating 25, a curing takes place
Wärmebehandlung, wobei der Kolben 10 während einer Dauer von 25min bis 60min auf 180°C bis 220°C erwärmt wird. Hierbei wird in an sich bekannter Weise das Polysiloxan zu einer SiO2-Matrix umgesetzt, in der die Partikel aus hexagonalem Bornitrid eingelagert sind. Heat treatment, wherein the piston 10 is heated to 180 ° C to 220 ° C for a period of 25min to 60min. Here, in a conventional manner, the polysiloxane is converted to a SiO 2 matrix in which the particles of hexagonal boron nitride are incorporated.
Die resultierende Beschichtung 25 weist eine Oberflächenenergie von 15-17 mN/m und eine Schichtdicke von 20μηη bis 40μηη auf, die über die gesamte Oberfläche 24 des Kühlkanals 23 konstant ist. Aufgrund ihrer geringen Schichtdicke hat die The resulting coating 25 has a surface energy of 15-17 mN / m and a layer thickness of 20μηη to 40μηη, which is constant over the entire surface 24 of the cooling channel 23. Due to its small layer thickness has the
Beschichtung 25 keine thermisch isolierende Wirkung auf den Werkstoff des Kolbens 10. Die Beschichtung 25 ist bis 600°C temperaturbeständig. Coating 25 no thermal insulating effect on the material of the piston 10. The coating 25 is temperature resistant up to 600 ° C.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Beschichtung der Oberfläche (24) eines geschlossenen, 1. A method for coating the surface (24) of a closed,
Ölzulauf- bzw. Ölablaufbohrungen (23', 23") aufweisenden Kühlkanals (23) eines Kolbens (10) für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit einem hexagonales Bornitrid enthaltenden Beschichtungsmitte!, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Verfahrensschritte:  Ölzulauf- or oil drain holes (23 ', 23 ") having cooling channel (23) of a piston (10) for an internal combustion engine with a hexagonal boron nitride coating center !, characterized by the following process steps:
a) Einbringen einer definierten Menge eines Beschichtungsmittels in Form einer Suspension von hexagonalem Bornitrid mit einer Lösung auf der Basis mindestens eines thermisch aushärtbaren anorganischen Bindemittels und mindestens eines Lösemittels in den Kühlkanal (23); b) Verteilen des Beschichtungsmittels auf der Oberfläche (24) des  a) introducing a defined amount of a coating agent in the form of a suspension of hexagonal boron nitride with a solution based on at least one thermally curable inorganic binder and at least one solvent in the cooling channel (23); b) distributing the coating agent on the surface (24) of the
Kühlkanals (23) durch Bewegen des Kolbens (10) um mindestens zwei Raumachsen;  Cooling channel (23) by moving the piston (10) about at least two spatial axes;
c) Trocknen des auf der Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) verteilten  c) drying the on the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) distributed
Beschichtungsmittels mittels einer laminaren Luftströmung;  Coating agent by means of a laminar air flow;
d) Thermisches Aushärten des Beschichtungsmittels zum Fertigstellen einer auf der Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) haftenden Beschichtung (25).  d) thermally curing the coating agent to complete a coating (25) adhering to the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor Schritt a) die Größe der Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) bestimmt wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before step a) the size of the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) is determined.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor Schritt a) die Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) mit einem Reinigungsmittel gereinigt wird. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before step a) the surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) is cleaned with a cleaning agent.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the
Reinigungsmittel aus der Gruppe umfassend Methanol, Ethanol, Aceton, 1 - Propanol, 2-Propanol ausgewählt wird.  Cleaning agent from the group comprising methanol, ethanol, acetone, 1 - propanol, 2-propanol is selected.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt a) als Bindemittel mindestens ein Polysiloxan verwendet wird. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step a) as a binder at least one polysiloxane is used.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Lösemittel Ethanol verwendet wird. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that ethanol is used as the solvent.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als weiteres 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as another
Bindemittel Natrium- und/oder Kaliumsilikat verwendet wird.  Binder sodium and / or potassium silicate is used.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt a) eine Menge von 7ml des Beschichtungsmittels zur Beschichtung einer Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) von 190cm2 verwendet wird. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step a) an amount of 7ml of the coating agent for coating a surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) of 190cm 2 is used.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt b) der Kolben (10) mittels eines Biaxialmischgeräts bewegt wird. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step b) the piston (10) is moved by means of a Biaxialmischgeräts.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt c) eine laminare Luftströmung mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1 bis 2 Metern pro Sekunde angewendet wird. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step c) a laminar air flow at a speed of 1 to 2 meters per second is applied.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt c) das Trocknen bei Raumtemperatur durchgeführt wird. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step c) the drying is carried out at room temperature.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt d) das thermische Aushärten bei einer Temperatur von 180°C bis 220°C durchgeführt wird. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step d) the thermal curing at a temperature of 180 ° C to 220 ° C is performed.
13. Kolben (10) für einen Verbrennungsmotor, mit einem Kolbenkopf (11 ) und 13. Piston (10) for an internal combustion engine, with a piston head (11) and
einem Kolbenschaft (16), wobei der Kolben köpf (11 ) eine äußere umlaufende Ringpartie (15) sowie einen in Höhe der Ringpartie (15) umlaufenden, geschlossenen, Ölzulauf- bzw. Ölablaufbohrungen (23', 23") aufweisenden Kühlkanal (23) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gesamte Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) mit einer hexagonales Bornitrid enthaltenden  a piston shaft (16), wherein the piston head (11) an outer circumferential ring portion (15) and in the amount of the ring portion (15) encircling, closed, Ölzulauf- or oil drain holes (23 ', 23 ") having cooling channel (23) characterized in that the entire surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) with a hexagonal boron nitride containing
Beschichtung (25) versehen ist, die über die gesamte Oberfläche (24) des Kühlkanals (23) eine gleichmäßige Dicke aufweist. Coating (25) is provided, which over the entire surface (24) of the cooling channel (23) has a uniform thickness.
14. Kolben nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke der Beschichtung (25) zwischen 20μηη und 40μηη beträgt. 14. Piston according to claim 13, characterized in that the thickness of the coating (25) is between 20μηη and 40μηη.
15. Kolben nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er aus einem Stahlwerkstoff hergestellt ist. 15. Piston according to claim 13, characterized in that it is made of a steel material.
EP16732963.0A 2015-06-12 2016-06-10 Method for coating the surface of a closed cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine Not-in-force EP3307922B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015007334 2015-06-12
PCT/EP2016/063324 WO2016198618A1 (en) 2015-06-12 2016-06-10 Method for coating the surface of a closed cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine and piston that can be produced by said method

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EP3307922A1 true EP3307922A1 (en) 2018-04-18
EP3307922B1 EP3307922B1 (en) 2019-05-22

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EP (1) EP3307922B1 (en)
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CN (1) CN107787402B (en)
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DE102017207593A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Thermal insulation of a steel piston by means of a sealed amorphous phosphate layer
DE102017207590A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Thermal insulation of the center cone of a steel piston
DE102017207594A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Thermal insulation of a steel piston by means of a manganese phosphate and a polysilazane layer
DE102020208462A1 (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-01-13 Mahle International Gmbh Process for coating a piston

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070113802A1 (en) * 2004-01-07 2007-05-24 Kenji Mihara Piston for internal combustion engine
DE102007029668A1 (en) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-08 Epg (Engineered Nanoproducts Germany) Ag Ultra-hard composite coatings on metal surfaces and process for their preparation
EP2096290B1 (en) 2008-02-29 2014-06-18 Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG Engine piston with cooling chamber having a non-stick coating
DE102008020906A1 (en) 2008-04-18 2009-10-22 Ltn Nanovation Ag Layer on a substrate comprises polymer matrix and particles embedded in the matrix, where the particles comprise particles with layer lattice structure, and the concentration of particles is higher at the top of layer than at the bottom
DE102011107659A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Mahle International Gmbh Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine and pistons for an internal combustion engine
DE102012211440A1 (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-25 Mahle International Gmbh piston
US9169800B2 (en) * 2011-11-28 2015-10-27 Federal-Mogul Corporation Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereof
DE102012025283A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Mahle International Gmbh Piston useful for an internal combustion engine comprises a piston head comprising a piston base and a peripheral piston junk and a piston shaft
CN105190000B (en) * 2013-03-05 2018-11-20 费德罗-莫格尔公司 Piston and its manufacturing method with anti-carbon coating
WO2014144619A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Mahle International Gmbh Wearable anti-friction coating for piston assembly

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CN107787402A (en) 2018-03-09
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EP3307922B1 (en) 2019-05-22
JP2018514701A (en) 2018-06-07
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CN107787402B (en) 2019-11-19
WO2016198618A1 (en) 2016-12-15

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