EP3307459A1 - Device for core removal - Google Patents

Device for core removal

Info

Publication number
EP3307459A1
EP3307459A1 EP16741843.3A EP16741843A EP3307459A1 EP 3307459 A1 EP3307459 A1 EP 3307459A1 EP 16741843 A EP16741843 A EP 16741843A EP 3307459 A1 EP3307459 A1 EP 3307459A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer
valve
hammers
beat frequency
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16741843.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3307459B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan SUMEREDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fill GmbH
Original Assignee
Fill GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fill GmbH filed Critical Fill GmbH
Publication of EP3307459A1 publication Critical patent/EP3307459A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3307459B1 publication Critical patent/EP3307459B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
    • B22D29/001—Removing cores
    • B22D29/005—Removing cores by vibrating or hammering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C19/00—Components or accessories for moulding machines
    • B22C19/06—Devices for rapping or loosening the pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/08—Means for retaining and guiding the tool bit, e.g. chucks allowing axial oscillation of the tool bit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/145—Control devices for the reciprocating piston for hydraulically actuated hammers having an accumulator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/26—Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for coring a cast workpiece, the device having at least one hammer.
  • the invention relates to a method for coring a cast workpiece with at least two hammers.
  • the workpieces can be set in vibration by means of a hammer and in this way the core can be smashed.
  • a device or a method of the type mentioned are known for example from DE10136713 AI.
  • a disadvantage of the known solutions is, above all, that can be set in this type of construction no defined beat frequency of the hammer. This has the disadvantage that no optimal energy transfer to the destruction of the core is possible.
  • the device has at least one adjusting means for setting a beat frequency of the at least one hammer.
  • a defined beat frequency is understood to be a predefined beat frequency.
  • the beat frequency can be selected and adjusted as required.
  • the invention makes it possible to freely select the beat frequency of the hammer in a wide band range and to realize an optimal and defined energy transfer to the core.
  • the device has at least one actuator for actuating the at least one actuating means.
  • the at least one hammer may be a pneumatic hammer.
  • the at least one actuator comprises at least one valve which is arranged between at least one compressor and a piston / cylinder unit of the pneumatic hammer.
  • the at least one valve can alternately be located on different sides of a hammer acting on a hammer head and slidably mounted in a longitudinal direction of a working cylinder of the piston / cylinder unit pistons areas of the working cylinder with the Compressor connected.
  • a high impact frequency with a low mechanical load of the valve can be achieved by the fact that the at least one valve is designed as a rotary valve.
  • the device has at least one controller connected to the at least one actuator for controlling a beat frequency of the at least one hammer and an input unit connected to the controller for inputting Has values for the beat frequency.
  • the energy transfer to the workpiece can be optimized in that the device has at least two hammers according to one of claims 1 to 7 with mutually phase-shifted impact movements.
  • the time required for coring can be significantly reduced by the device coupling a plurality of phase-shifted striking movements Hammers, wherein the hammering movements of each hammer is out of phase with each of the striking movements of the other hammers.
  • the abovementioned object can also be achieved with a method of the type mentioned in the introduction by determining a beat frequency for each hammer in a step i) and a phase shift between striking movements of the at least two hammers in a step ii) Steps i) - ii) in the subsequent step iii) the at least two hammers with the set beat frequency and phase shift perform a flapping motion and smash a core present in the workpiece.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a hammer from FIG. 1 with a rotary valve in more detail
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the hammer and the valve of Figure 2 in a first switching position of the rotary valve ..;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section of the hammer and the valve of Fig. 2 in a second
  • a device 1 for coring a cast workpiece has one or more hammers 2, 3, 4. Furthermore, the device 1 has one or more adjusting means 5, 6 for setting a beat frequency of the hammers 2, 3, 4.
  • the hammers 2, 3, 4 may be mounted stationary and, for example, act on a clamping plate, not shown here, on which the workpiece is clamped, and put them in vibration. Alternatively, the hammers can also act directly on the workpiece. As a result of the energy transmitted by the hammering 2, 3, 4, a mold core, usually made of sand, of the workpiece is smashed.
  • an actuator 7 may be provided for actuating the actuators 5, 6, an actuator 7 may be provided.
  • the actuator may, for example, be an actuator that is electro-mechanical, in particular in the form of an electric motor with controllable speed.
  • Fig. 2. can be used as a hammer 2, 3, 4 a pneumatic hammer 9 are used.
  • the actuator 5, 6 used to control the pneumatic hammer 9 may comprise a valve 8, which is arranged between a in Fig. 1 with reference numeral 10 provided compressor and a piston / cylinder unit 11 of the pneumatic hammer 9.
  • valve 8 areas of the working cylinder 13 located on different sides of a percussion piston 14 acting on a hammer head 12 and slidably mounted in a longitudinal direction of a working cylinder 13 of a piston / cylinder unit 11 of the pneumatic hammer 9 can be connected to the compressor 10 alternately.
  • the valve 8 is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, particularly preferably a rotary valve.
  • the rotary valve may have a valve body penetrated by channels, which is surrounded by a valve sleeve.
  • openings 17, 18, 19, 20 are arranged, which can be brought to the outputs of the channels of the valve body to cover.
  • the valve body can sit on a shaft which is driven by means of the actuator 7.
  • the channels are alternately connected to the opening 19 of the valve 8 connected to the compressor 10 and to the openings 17 and 18 of the valve 8.
  • the opening 20 of the valve 8 is used for ventilation and can be connected to the environment.
  • the openings 17 and 18 of the valve 8 are connected to the two openings 21 and 22 of the piston / cylinder unit 11.
  • air is forced from the compressor 10 via the opening 21 into the working cylinder 13 of the piston / cylinder unit 11 and the percussion piston 14 in the direction the hammer head 15 moves.
  • the opening 22 of the working cylinder 13 is in this case connected via the openings 18 and 20 of the valve 8 for venting a located between the percussion piston 14 and the hammer head 15 region of the working cylinder 13 with the environment.
  • the opening 22 of the working cylinder 13 is connected to the compressor 10 and the percussion piston 14 is moved away from the hammer head 15 by the compressed air.
  • the opening 21 of the working cylinder 13 is connected to the environment via the openings 17 and 20 of the valve 8 for venting a region of the working cylinder 13 located between the percussion piston 14 and an end wall of the working cylinder 13 opposite the hammer head 15.
  • the direction of movement of the percussion piston 14 is indicated in Figures 3 and 4 by arrows.
  • a further, serving for ventilation opening 23 may be provided between the two openings 21 and 22 of the working cylinder 13, a further, serving for ventilation opening 23 may be provided.
  • a single valve 8 can be used to control them, the number of openings 17-20 in the valve jacket and the channels in the valve body and the length of the valve body correspondingly must be increased.
  • a plurality of individual valve body can be fixedly arranged on the shaft driven by the actuator 7.
  • the individual hammers 2, 3, 4 may be arranged so that a fixed phase offset between the impact movements the hammer 2, 3, 4 results.
  • the hammers 2, 3, 4 move in this arrangement at the same frequency and out of phase with a fixed phase offset to each other.
  • the device may include a controller 15 connected to the actuator 5, 6, for example a suitably programmed processor, and an input unit 16 connected to the controller, for example a keyboard, for inputting values for the Have beat frequency.
  • a hammering frequency is determined for each hammer in a step i) and a phase shift between hammer blows is determined in a step ii).
  • a step i) - ii) in the following step iii) perform the hammers 2, 3, 4 with the set beat frequency and phase shift a flapping motion and smash a present in the workpiece core.
  • the selection of the frequency can take place by means of a corresponding input unit 16.
  • the determination of the phase offset can be effected by a corresponding arrangement of the valve body on the shaft connected to the actuator 7 or a corresponding arrangement of the channels.
  • a plurality of valves 8 with a corresponding phase offset of the openings 17, 18, 19, 20 may be provided.
  • these or their components have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for removing the core from a cast workpiece, said device (1) having at least one hammer (2, 3, 4), wherein the device (1) has at least one adjusting means (5, 6) for setting a striking frequency for the at least one hammer (2, 3, 4).

Description

Vorrichtung zum Entkernen  Device for coring
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Entkernen eines gegossenen Werkstückes, wobei die Vorrichtung zumindest einen Hammer aufweist. The invention relates to a device for coring a cast workpiece, the device having at least one hammer.
Weiters betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Entkernen eines gegossenen Werkstückes mit zumindest zwei Hämmern. Zum Entkernen bzw. Entsanden von Werkstücken, die mittels eines Gießverfahrens hergestellt worden sind, können die Werkstücke durch Schläge mit einem Hammer in Schwingung versetzt werden und auf diese Weise der Kern zertrümmert werden. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for coring a cast workpiece with at least two hammers. For coring or sanding of workpieces which have been produced by a casting process, the workpieces can be set in vibration by means of a hammer and in this way the core can be smashed.
Eine Vorrichtung bzw. ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art sind beispielsweise aus der DE10136713 AI bekannt geworden. A device or a method of the type mentioned are known for example from DE10136713 AI.
Nachteilig an den bekannten Lösungen ist vor allem, dass sich bei diesen bauartbedingt keine definierte Schlagfrequenz des Hammers einstellen lässt. Dies hat den Nachteil, dass keine optimale Energieübertragung zur Zertrümmerung des Kerns möglich ist. A disadvantage of the known solutions is, above all, that can be set in this type of construction no defined beat frequency of the hammer. This has the disadvantage that no optimal energy transfer to the destruction of the core is possible.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, die oben genannten Nachteile des Stands der Technik zu überwinden. It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäße dadurch gelöst, dass die Vorrichtung zumindest ein Stellmittel zur Einstellung einer Schlagfrequenz des zumindest einen Hammers aufweist. This object is achieved with a device of the aforementioned type according to the invention in that the device has at least one adjusting means for setting a beat frequency of the at least one hammer.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ermöglicht auf einfache Weise die Einstellung einer definierten Schlagfrequenz. Unter einer definierten Schlagfrequenz wird hierbei eine vorab festgeleg- te Schlagfrequenz verstanden. Die Schlagfrequenz kann je nach Erfordernis gewählt und eingestellt werden. Somit ermöglicht es die Erfindung, in einem weiten Bandbereich die Schlagfrequenz des Hammers frei zu wählen und eine optimale und definierte Energieübertragung auf den Kern zu realisieren. Um ein einfaches und zuverlässiges Betätigen des Stellmittels zu ermöglichen, kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Vorrichtung zumindest einen Aktor zur Betätigung des zumindest einen Stellmittels aufweist. The solution according to the invention makes it easy to set a defined beat frequency. In this case, a defined beat frequency is understood to be a predefined beat frequency. The beat frequency can be selected and adjusted as required. Thus, the invention makes it possible to freely select the beat frequency of the hammer in a wide band range and to realize an optimal and defined energy transfer to the core. In order to enable a simple and reliable actuation of the actuating means, it can be provided that the device has at least one actuator for actuating the at least one actuating means.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Variante der Erfindung kann der zumindest eine Hammer ein Drucklufthammer sein. According to an advantageous variant of the invention, the at least one hammer may be a pneumatic hammer.
Als besonders günstig hat es sich herausgestellt, wenn das zumindest eine Stellglied zumin- dest ein Ventil umfasst, das zwischen zumindest einem Kompressor und einer Kolben/Zylindereinheit des Drucklufthammers angeordnet ist. It has proven to be particularly favorable if the at least one actuator comprises at least one valve which is arranged between at least one compressor and a piston / cylinder unit of the pneumatic hammer.
Um bei Verwendung eines Drucklufthammers auf zuverlässige Weise eine definierte Schlagfrequenz zu erzielen, können durch das zumindest eine Ventil abwechselnd an unterschiedli- chen Seiten eines auf einen Hammerkopf wirkenden und in einer Längsrichtung eines Arbeitszylinders der Kolben/Zylindereinheit verschiebbar gelagerten Schlagkolbens gelegene Bereiche des Arbeitszylinders mit dem Kompressor verbunden sein. In order to reliably achieve a defined impact frequency when using a pneumatic hammer, the at least one valve can alternately be located on different sides of a hammer acting on a hammer head and slidably mounted in a longitudinal direction of a working cylinder of the piston / cylinder unit pistons areas of the working cylinder with the Compressor connected.
Eine hohe Schlagfrequenz bei einer geringen mechanischen Belastung des Ventils lässt sich dadurch erzielen, dass das zumindest eine Ventil als Drehventil ausgeführt ist. A high impact frequency with a low mechanical load of the valve can be achieved by the fact that the at least one valve is designed as a rotary valve.
Um auf einfache Weise eine Einstellung bzw. eine Vorauswahl der Schlagfrequenz zu ermöglichen, kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Vorrichtung zumindest eine mit dem zumindest einen Stellglied verbundene Steuerung zur Steuerung einer Schlagfrequenz des zumindest einen Hammers sowie eine mit der Steuerung verbundene Eingabeeinheit zur Eingabe von Werten für die Schlagfrequenz aufweist. In order to easily enable a setting or a preselection of the beat frequency, it can be provided that the device has at least one controller connected to the at least one actuator for controlling a beat frequency of the at least one hammer and an input unit connected to the controller for inputting Has values for the beat frequency.
Die Energieübertragung auf das Werkstück lässt sich dadurch optimieren, dass die Vorrichtung zumindest zwei Hämmer gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 mit zueinander phasenver- schobenen Schlagbewegungen aufweist. The energy transfer to the workpiece can be optimized in that the device has at least two hammers according to one of claims 1 to 7 with mutually phase-shifted impact movements.
Die für das Entkernen erforderliche Zeit lässt sich dadurch wesentlich reduzieren, dass die Vorrichtung mehrere miteinander zu phasenverschobenen Schlagbewegungen gekoppelte Hämmer aufweist, wobei die Schlagbewegungen jedes Hammers zu jeder der Schlagbewegungen der anderen Hämmer phasenverschoben ist. The time required for coring can be significantly reduced by the device coupling a plurality of phase-shifted striking movements Hammers, wherein the hammering movements of each hammer is out of phase with each of the striking movements of the other hammers.
Die oben genannte Aufgabe lässt sich auch mit einem Verfahren der eingangs genannte Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch lösen, dass in einem Schritt i) für jeden Hammer eine Schlagfrequenz und in einem Schritt ii) eine Phasenverschiebung zwischen Schlagbewegungen der zumindest zwei Hämmer festgelegt wird, wobei in einem den Schritten i) - ii) zeitlich nachfolgendem Schritt iii) die zumindest zwei Hämmer mit der festgelegten Schlagfrequenz und Phasenverschiebung eine Schlagbewegung ausführen und einen in dem Werkstück vorhandenen Kern zertrümmern. The abovementioned object can also be achieved with a method of the type mentioned in the introduction by determining a beat frequency for each hammer in a step i) and a phase shift between striking movements of the at least two hammers in a step ii) Steps i) - ii) in the subsequent step iii) the at least two hammers with the set beat frequency and phase shift perform a flapping motion and smash a core present in the workpiece.
Zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung wird diese anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher erläutert. For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
Es zeigen jeweils in stark vereinfachter, schematischer Darstellung: In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
Fig. 1 ein Blockdiagramm einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung; Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a device according to the invention;
Fig. 2 einen Hammer aus Fig. 1 mit einem Drehventil im näheren Detail; FIG. 2 shows a hammer from FIG. 1 with a rotary valve in more detail; FIG.
Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt des Hammers und des Ventils aus Fig. 2 in einer ersten Schaltstellung des Drehventils; 3 shows a cross section of the hammer and the valve of Figure 2 in a first switching position of the rotary valve ..;
Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt des Hammers und des Ventils aus Fig. 2 in einer zweiten Fig. 4 is a cross section of the hammer and the valve of Fig. 2 in a second
Schaltstellung des Drehventils.  Switching position of the rotary valve.
Einführend sei festgehalten, dass in den unterschiedlich beschriebenen Ausführungsformen gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bzw. gleichen Bauteilbezeichnungen versehen werden, wobei die in der gesamten Beschreibung enthaltenen Offenbarungen sinngemäß auf gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bzw. gleichen Bauteilbezeichnungen übertragen werden können. Auch sind die in der Beschreibung gewählten Lageangaben, wie z.B. oben, unten, seitlich usw. auf die unmittelbar beschriebene sowie dargestellte Figur bezogen und sind diese Lageangaben bei einer Lageänderung sinngemäß auf die neue Lage zu übertragen. Gemäß Fig. 1 weist eine Vorrichtung 1 zum Entkernen eines gegossenen Werkstückes einen oder mehrere Hämmer 2, 3, 4 auf. Weiters weist die Vorrichtung 1 ein oder mehrere Stellmittel 5, 6 zur Einstellung einer Schlagfrequenz der Hämmer 2, 3, 4 auf. Die Hämmer 2, 3, 4, können ortsfest montiert sein und beispielsweise auf eine hier nicht näher dargestellte Aufspannplatte, auf welcher das Werkstück eingespannt ist, einwirken und diese in Schwingung versetzen. Alternativ können die Hämmer aber auch direkt auf das Werkstück einwirken. Durch die von dem Hämmern 2, 3, 4 übertragene Energie wird ein üblicherweise aus Sand hergestellter Formkern des Werkstückes zertrümmert. Zur Betätigung der Stellglieder 5, 6 kann ein Aktor 7 vorgesehen sein. Bei dem Aktor kann es sich beispielsweise um einen elekt- romechani sehen Aktor handeln, insbesondere in Form eines Elektromotors mit steuerbarer Drehzahl. By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to transfer to the new location. According to FIG. 1, a device 1 for coring a cast workpiece has one or more hammers 2, 3, 4. Furthermore, the device 1 has one or more adjusting means 5, 6 for setting a beat frequency of the hammers 2, 3, 4. The hammers 2, 3, 4, may be mounted stationary and, for example, act on a clamping plate, not shown here, on which the workpiece is clamped, and put them in vibration. Alternatively, the hammers can also act directly on the workpiece. As a result of the energy transmitted by the hammering 2, 3, 4, a mold core, usually made of sand, of the workpiece is smashed. For actuating the actuators 5, 6, an actuator 7 may be provided. The actuator may, for example, be an actuator that is electro-mechanical, in particular in the form of an electric motor with controllable speed.
Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist. kann als Hammer 2, 3, 4 ein Drucklufthammer 9 zum Einsatz kommen. Das zur Steuerung des Drucklufthammers 9 verwendete Stellglied 5, 6 kann ein Ventil 8 umfassen, welches zwischen einem in Fig. 1 mit Bezugszeichen 10 versehenen Kompressor und einer Kolben/Zylindereinheit 11 des Drucklufthammers 9 angeordnet ist. As is apparent from Fig. 2. can be used as a hammer 2, 3, 4 a pneumatic hammer 9 are used. The actuator 5, 6 used to control the pneumatic hammer 9 may comprise a valve 8, which is arranged between a in Fig. 1 with reference numeral 10 provided compressor and a piston / cylinder unit 11 of the pneumatic hammer 9.
Durch das Ventil 8 können abwechselnd an unterschiedlichen Seiten eines auf einen Ham- merkopf 12 wirkenden und in einer Längsrichtung eines Arbeitszylinders 13 einer Kolben/Zylindereinheit 11 des Drucklufthammers 9 verschiebbar gelagerten Schlagkolbens 14 gelegene Bereiche des Arbeitszylinders 13 mit dem Kompressor 10 verbunden werden. By means of the valve 8, areas of the working cylinder 13 located on different sides of a percussion piston 14 acting on a hammer head 12 and slidably mounted in a longitudinal direction of a working cylinder 13 of a piston / cylinder unit 11 of the pneumatic hammer 9 can be connected to the compressor 10 alternately.
Bei dem Ventil 8 handelt es sich, wie in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt, besonders bevorzugt um ein Drehventil. Das Drehventil kann einen von Kanälen durchsetzten Ventilkörper aufweisen, der von einem Ventilmantel umgeben ist. In dem Ventilmantel sind Öffnungen 17, 18, 19, 20 angeordnet, welche mit den Ausgängen der Kanäle des Ventilkörpers zur Deckung gebracht werden können. Der Ventilkörper kann auf einer Welle sitzen, welche mittels des Aktors 7 angetrieben wird. Durch die Drehung des Ventilkörpers werden die Kanäle wech- seiweise mit der mit dem Kompressor 10 verbundenen Öffnung 19 des Ventils 8 und mit den Öffnungen 17 und 18 des Ventils 8 verbunden. Die Öffnung 20 des Ventils 8 dient der Entlüftung und kann mit der Umgebung verbunden sein. Die Öffnungen 17 und 18 des Ventils 8 sind mit den beiden Öffnungen 21 und 22 der Kolben/Zylindereinheit 11 verbunden. In der in Fig. 2 oberen Stellung des Ventils 8, welche der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Stellung des Ventils 8 entspricht, wird Luft von Kompressor 10 über die Öffnung 21 in den Arbeitszylinder 13 der Kolben/Zylindereinheit 11 gepresst und der Schlagkolben 14 in Richtung des Hammerkopfes 15 bewegt. Die Öffnung 22 des Arbeitszylinders 13 ist hierbei über die Öffnungen 18 und 20 des Ventils 8 zur Entlüftung eines zwischen dem Schlagkolben 14 und dem Hammerkopf 15 gelegenen Bereichs des Arbeitszylinders 13 mit der Umgebung verbunden. The valve 8 is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, particularly preferably a rotary valve. The rotary valve may have a valve body penetrated by channels, which is surrounded by a valve sleeve. In the valve sleeve openings 17, 18, 19, 20 are arranged, which can be brought to the outputs of the channels of the valve body to cover. The valve body can sit on a shaft which is driven by means of the actuator 7. By the rotation of the valve body, the channels are alternately connected to the opening 19 of the valve 8 connected to the compressor 10 and to the openings 17 and 18 of the valve 8. The opening 20 of the valve 8 is used for ventilation and can be connected to the environment. The openings 17 and 18 of the valve 8 are connected to the two openings 21 and 22 of the piston / cylinder unit 11. In the upper position of the valve 8 in FIG. 2, which corresponds to the position of the valve 8 shown in FIG. 3, air is forced from the compressor 10 via the opening 21 into the working cylinder 13 of the piston / cylinder unit 11 and the percussion piston 14 in the direction the hammer head 15 moves. The opening 22 of the working cylinder 13 is in this case connected via the openings 18 and 20 of the valve 8 for venting a located between the percussion piston 14 and the hammer head 15 region of the working cylinder 13 with the environment.
In der in Figur 2 unteren Stellung des Ventils 8, welche der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Stellung des Ventils 8 entspricht, ist die Öffnung 22 des Arbeitszylinders 13 mit dem Kompressor 10 verbunden und der Schlagkolben 14 durch die Pressluft von dem Hammerkopf 15 wegbewegt. Die Öffnung 21 des Arbeitszylinders 13 ist hierbei über die Öffnungen 17 und 20 des Ventils 8 zur Entlüftung eines zwischen dem Schlagkolben 14 und einer dem Hammerkopf 15 gegenüberliegenden Stirnwand des Arbeitszylinders 13 gelegenen Bereichs des Arbeitszylin- ders 13 mit der Umgebung verbunden. Die Bewegungsrichtung des Schlagkolbens 14 ist in den Figuren 3 und 4 durch Pfeile angedeutet. Die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Welle, auf welcher der Ventilkörper sitzt, gibt hierbei die Schlagfrequenz des Hammerkopfes 15 vor. Zwischen den beiden Öffnungen 21 und 22 des Arbeitszylinders 13 kann noch eine weitere, zur Entlüftung dienende Öffnung 23 vorgesehen sein. In the lower position of the valve 8 in FIG. 2, which corresponds to the position of the valve 8 shown in FIG. 4, the opening 22 of the working cylinder 13 is connected to the compressor 10 and the percussion piston 14 is moved away from the hammer head 15 by the compressed air. In this case, the opening 21 of the working cylinder 13 is connected to the environment via the openings 17 and 20 of the valve 8 for venting a region of the working cylinder 13 located between the percussion piston 14 and an end wall of the working cylinder 13 opposite the hammer head 15. The direction of movement of the percussion piston 14 is indicated in Figures 3 and 4 by arrows. The rotational speed of the shaft, on which the valve body is seated, in this case, the beat frequency of the hammer head 15 before. Between the two openings 21 and 22 of the working cylinder 13, a further, serving for ventilation opening 23 may be provided.
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, können bei Verwendung mehrerer Hämmer 3, 4 auch ein einziges Ventil 8 zu deren Steuerung verwendet werden, wobei die Anzahl der Öffnungen 17 - 20 in dem Ventilmantel und der Kanäle in dem Ventilkörper sowie die Länge des Ventilkörpers entsprechend erhöht werden müssen. Alternativ zur Anordnung eines langen Ventilkörpers im Fall der Verwendung eines einzigen Ventils 8 zur Steuerung mehrerer Hämmer 3, 4 können aber auch mehrere einzelne Ventilkörper an der von dem Aktor 7 angetriebenen Welle fest angeordnet werden. As can be seen from Fig. 1, when using a plurality of hammers 3, 4, a single valve 8 can be used to control them, the number of openings 17-20 in the valve jacket and the channels in the valve body and the length of the valve body correspondingly must be increased. Alternatively to the arrangement of a long valve body in the case of using a single valve 8 for controlling a plurality of hammers 3, 4 but also a plurality of individual valve body can be fixedly arranged on the shaft driven by the actuator 7.
Falls mehrere Hämmer 2, 3, 4 mit einem Ventil 8 gesteuert werden, so können die den einzel- nen Hämmern 2, 3, 4, zugeordneten Kanäle in dem Ventilkörper bzw. den Ventilkörpern so angeordnet sein, dass sich ein fester Phasenversatz zwischen den Schlagbewegungen der Hämmer 2, 3, 4 ergibt. Die Hämmer 2, 3, 4 bewegen sich in dieser Anordnung mit der gleichen Frequenz und phasenverschoben mit einem festen Phasenversatz zueinander. Zur Steuerung einer Schlagfrequenz des Hammers 2, 3, 5 kann die Vorrichtung ein mit dem Stellglied 5, 6 verbundene Steuerung 15, beispielsweise ein entsprechend programmierter Prozessor, sowie eine mit der Steuerung verbundene Eingabeeinheit 16, beispielsweise eine Tastatur, zur Eingabe von Werten für die Schlagfrequenz aufweisen. If a plurality of hammers 2, 3, 4 are controlled with a valve 8, then the individual hammers 2, 3, 4, associated channels in the valve body or the valve bodies may be arranged so that a fixed phase offset between the impact movements the hammer 2, 3, 4 results. The hammers 2, 3, 4 move in this arrangement at the same frequency and out of phase with a fixed phase offset to each other. For controlling a beating frequency of the hammer 2, 3, 5, the device may include a controller 15 connected to the actuator 5, 6, for example a suitably programmed processor, and an input unit 16 connected to the controller, for example a keyboard, for inputting values for the Have beat frequency.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden in einem Schritt i) für jeden Hammer eine Schlagfrequenz und in einem Schritt ii) eine Phasenverschiebung zwischen Schlagbewegungen der Hämmer festgelegt. In einem den Schritten i) - ii) zeitlich nachfolgendem Schritt iii) führen die Hämmer 2, 3, 4 mit der festgelegten Schlagfrequenz und Phasenverschiebung eine Schlagbewegung aus und zertrümmern einen in dem Werkstück vorhandenen Kern. In the method according to the invention, a hammering frequency is determined for each hammer in a step i) and a phase shift between hammer blows is determined in a step ii). In a step i) - ii) in the following step iii) perform the hammers 2, 3, 4 with the set beat frequency and phase shift a flapping motion and smash a present in the workpiece core.
Das Auswählen der Frequenz kann wie bereits oben erwähnt mittels einer entsprechenden Eingabeeinheit 16 erfolgen. Die Festlegung des Phasenversatzes kann durch eine entspre- chende Anordnung der Ventilkörper auf der mit dem Aktor 7 verbundenen Welle bzw. eine entsprechende Anordnung der Kanäle erfolgen. Alternativ hierzu können aber auch mehrere Ventile 8 mit einem entsprechenden Phasenversatz der Öffnungen 17, 18, 19, 20 vorgesehen sein. Der Ordnung halber sei abschließend darauf hingewiesen, dass zum besseren Verständnis des Aufbaus der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung diese bzw. deren Bestandteile teilweise unmaßstäblich und/oder vergrößert und/oder verkleinert dargestellt wurden. As already mentioned above, the selection of the frequency can take place by means of a corresponding input unit 16. The determination of the phase offset can be effected by a corresponding arrangement of the valve body on the shaft connected to the actuator 7 or a corresponding arrangement of the channels. Alternatively, however, a plurality of valves 8 with a corresponding phase offset of the openings 17, 18, 19, 20 may be provided. For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure of the device according to the invention, these or their components have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
Bezugszeichenaufstellung Vorrichtung Reference numeral device
Hammer hammer
Hammer hammer
Hammer hammer
Stellmittel actuating means
Stellmittel actuating means
Aktor actuator
Ventil Valve
Drucklufthammer Drucklufthammer
Kompressor compressor
Kolben/Zylindereinheit Piston / cylinder unit
Hammerkopf hammerhead
Arbeitszylinder working cylinder
Schlagkolben percussion piston
Steuerung control
Eingabeeinheit input unit
Öffnung opening
Öffnung opening
Öffnung opening
Öffnung opening
Öffnung  opening
Öffnung  opening
Öffnung  opening

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Vorrichtung (1) zum Entkernen eines gegossenen Werkstückes, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) zumindest einen Hammer (2, 3, 4), aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) zumindest ein Stellmittel (5, 6) zur Einstellung einer Schlagfrequenz des zumindest einen Hammers (2, 3, 4) aufweist. 1. Device (1) for coring a cast workpiece, wherein the device (1) at least one hammer (2, 3, 4), characterized, characterized in that the device (1) at least one adjusting means (5, 6) for adjustment a beat frequency of the at least one hammer (2, 3, 4).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zumindest einen Aktor (7) zur Betätigung des zumindest einen Stellmittels (5, 6) aufweist. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one actuator (7) for actuating the at least one actuating means (5, 6).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zumindest eine Hammer (2, 3, 4) ein Drucklufthammer (9) ist. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one hammer (2, 3, 4) is a pneumatic hammer (9).
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zumindest eine Stellglied (5, 6) zumindest ein Ventil (8) umfasst, dass zwischen zumindest einem Kompressor (10) und einer Kolben/Zylindereinheit (11) des Drucklufthammers (9) angeordnet ist. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one actuator (5, 6) at least one valve (8) that between at least one compressor (10) and a piston / cylinder unit (11) of the pneumatic hammer (9) is.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch das zumindest eine Ventil (8) abwechselnd an unterschiedlichen Seiten eines auf einen Hammerkopf (12) wirkenden und in einer Längsrichtung eines Arbeitszylinders (13) der Kolben/Zylindereinheit (11) verschiebbar gelagerten Schlagkolbens (14) gelegene Bereiche des Arbeitszylinders (13) mit dem Kompressor (10) verbunden sind. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that by the at least one valve (8) alternately on different sides of a hammer head (12) acting and in a longitudinal direction of a working cylinder (13) of the piston / cylinder unit (11) slidably mounted percussion piston (14) located areas of the working cylinder (13) are connected to the compressor (10).
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zumindest eine Ventil (8) als Drehventil ausgeführt ist. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one valve (8) is designed as a rotary valve.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zumindest eine mit dem zumindest einen Stellglied (5, 6) verbundene Steuerung (15) zur Steuerung einer Schlagfrequenz des zumindest einen Hammers sowie eine mit der Steuerung verbundene Eingabeeinheit (16) zur Eingabe von Werten für die Schlagfrequenz aufweist. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one with the at least one actuator (5, 6) connected control (15) for controlling a beat frequency of the at least one hammer and an input unit connected to the control (16 ) for entering values for the beat frequency.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zumindest zwei Hämmer (2, 3, 4) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 mit zueinander phasenverschobenen Schlagbewegungen aufweist. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two hammers (2, 3, 4) according to one of claims 1 to 7 with mutually phase-shifted impact movements.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) mehrere miteinander zu phasenverschobenen Schlagbewegungen gekoppelte Hämmer (2, 3, 4) aufweist, wobei die Schlagbewegungen jedes Hammers (2, 3, 4) zu jeder der Schlagbewegungen der anderen Hämmer (2, 3, 4) phasenverschoben ist. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the device (1) has a plurality of mutually phase-shifted impact movements coupled hammers (2, 3, 4), wherein the impact movements of each hammer (2, 3, 4) to each the striking movements of the other hammers (2, 3, 4) is out of phase.
10. Verfahren zum Entkernen eines gegossenen Werkstückes mit zumindest zwei Hämmern (2, 3, 4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Schritt i) für jeden Hammer 2, 3, 4) eine Schlagfrequenz und in einem Schritt ii) eine Phasenverschiebung zwischen Schlagbewegungen der zumindest zwei Hämmer festgelegt werden, wobei in einem den Schritten i) - ii) zeitlich nachfolgendem Schritt iii) die zumindest zwei Hämmer 2, 3, 4) mit der festgelegten Schlagfrequenz und Phasenverschiebung eine Schlagbewegung ausführen und einen in dem Werkstück vorhandenen Kern zertrümmern. 10. A method for coring a cast workpiece with at least two hammers (2, 3, 4), characterized in that in a step i) for each hammer 2, 3, 4) a beat frequency and in a step ii) a phase shift between beat movements the at least two hammers are fixed, wherein in one of the steps i) - ii) in the subsequent step iii) the at least two hammers 2, 3, 4) with the set beat frequency and phase shift make a flapping motion and shatter a core present in the workpiece.
EP16741843.3A 2015-06-15 2016-06-15 Device for core removal Active EP3307459B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50494/2015A AT517385B1 (en) 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 Device for coring
PCT/AT2016/050202 WO2016201475A1 (en) 2015-06-15 2016-06-15 Device for core removal

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EP3307459A1 true EP3307459A1 (en) 2018-04-18
EP3307459B1 EP3307459B1 (en) 2020-01-15

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AT (1) AT517385B1 (en)
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DE102017222702A1 (en) 2017-12-14 2019-06-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for coring castings

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Publication number Publication date
AT517385B1 (en) 2019-02-15
CN107743424A (en) 2018-02-27
WO2016201475A1 (en) 2016-12-22
EP3307459B1 (en) 2020-01-15
AT517385A1 (en) 2017-01-15
MX2017014896A (en) 2018-04-26

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