EP3306200B1 - Konvektionsofen - Google Patents

Konvektionsofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3306200B1
EP3306200B1 EP16002137.4A EP16002137A EP3306200B1 EP 3306200 B1 EP3306200 B1 EP 3306200B1 EP 16002137 A EP16002137 A EP 16002137A EP 3306200 B1 EP3306200 B1 EP 3306200B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
fireplace
combustion chamber
lower compartment
air channels
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16002137.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3306200A1 (de
Inventor
Kevin Senff
Julius RATJEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bullerjan GmbH
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Bullerjan GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Bullerjan GmbH filed Critical Bullerjan GmbH
Priority to EP16002137.4A priority Critical patent/EP3306200B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2017/074830 priority patent/WO2018065320A1/en
Publication of EP3306200A1 publication Critical patent/EP3306200A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3306200B1 publication Critical patent/EP3306200B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/02—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating  with external air ducts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fireplace in the form of a convection oven which provides for low emission of carbon monoxide and particulate matter combined with effective heating by convection.
  • fireplaces such as small heating systems, also termed as small combustion systems, heating systems for single rooms such as wood-burning stoves, tile stoves, cookers and opened fireplaces which are operated with solid fuel such as wood or wood pellets may often be found in private households. Governmental regulations require reduced emissions. E.g., respective regulations of the Federal Republic of Germany specify for heating systems for single rooms an emission of carbon monoxide below 1250 mg/Nm 3 (13 % O 2 ) and for particulate matter below 40 mg/Nm 3 (13 % O 2 ) (1. BlmSchV II).
  • the heating principle of a fireplace may be based mainly on heat radiation or on convection, and/or a combination of both.
  • EP 0 231 424 discloses a fireplace the heating principle thereof is in essential based on convection.
  • This fireplace has a horizontal cylindrical body enclosing a combustion chamber, wherein the sidewalls thereof consist of curved pipes. Accordingly, the respectively formed inner surface of the combustion chamber is corrugated, thus enlarging the area of said inner surface compared to a respective smooth surface.
  • Said curved pipes have an opening at the lower end, and an opening at the upper end, respectively. During operation, said curved pipes are heated up by the combustible burning in the combustion chamber.
  • EP 2 455 666 discloses a fireplace having a horizontal cylindrical body enclosing a combustion chamber.
  • the outside cladding of this fireplace comprises air channels providing for convection.
  • the air channels of the fireplace disclosed in EP 2 455 666 are not part of the combustion chamber, and therefore do not enlarge the heat transmitting steel surface of the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber of this fireplace is lined with refractory fireclay.
  • the air channels cannot be directly heated up by the burning combustible. It is believed in the art that these properties are responsible for the observed less effective convection compared to the fireplace disclosed in EP 0 231 424 .
  • the fireplace disclosed in EP 2 455 666 provides for low emission. It is believed in the art that this low emission is due to a probably higher temperature which may be reached in the combustion chamber due to said lining with refractory material, which has a low thermal conductivity, compared to a combustion chamber which is free from a lining with refractory material. Accordingly, the higher temperature may support a more complete burning of combustible.
  • GB 723 172 discloses a heating apparatus for a building comprising a solid-fuel stove so constructed that when installed its charging and firebox doors and chimney are located external to the building, the body of the stove projecting within the building and being surrounded by a casing through which air can circulate so as to heat the interior of the building by convection.
  • the heater comprises top plate 9, side plate 5, back and front plates 8, 12, the latter being made in two parts 12a, 12b, the upper of which is provided with the necessary apertures for fuel feeding and withdrawal of combustion products and the lower of which is provided with the necessary apertures for the fitting of a pivoted ash door 39 and an air inlet regulator 42.
  • a divided box structure 26 having a chimney outlet 29 provided with a slidable damper plate 32 and a fuel inlet shoot normally covered by a plate 27.
  • the plates 5 and 8 are formed with air inlet and outlet holes 49, 50, whilst the top plate 9 has ribs 51 provided thereon.
  • Attached to the inside of plate 12b is an U-shaped dished member 23 the open-ended branches of which pass down either vertical side of the ash door aperture such that combustion air which enters through the regulator 42 is guided by the member 23 downwards to discharge in a heated condition into the ash space below the grate 37.
  • the fire-box comprises corrugated side plates 14, back plate 18 and a top plate, the side and back plates being lined with firebrick 47.
  • the inventors unexpectedly observed that the air channels despite being at least partially lined with said refractory material, are heated up nearly as fast as the air channels in the fireplace being free from a refractory material, and reached almost the same steady heat output as the fireplace disclosed in EP 0 231 424 .
  • the fireplace according to the invention still outstandingly fast and effective recirculation of the environmental air through the air channels is achieved.
  • the fireplace according to the invention maintains unique characteristics in terms of a heat output nearly as high as the heat output achieved with the fireplace disclosed in EP 0 231 424 despite an at least partial lining with a refractory material. Moreover, this effective recirculation of environmental air through said air channels is now beneficially connected with a significantly reduced emission compared to the oven disclosed in EP 0 231 424 .
  • the inventors discovered that it is no longer required to necessarily provide the air channels in the form of pipes as disclosed in the prior art in order to achieve a high heat output, but that the air channels may be formed e.g. as extending recesses in the outer surface of the combustion chamber, provided the inner surface is at least partially corrugated.
  • the outer surface of the combustion chamber may be even a smooth surface, which functions as air channel, provided the inner surface is at least partially corrugated.
  • the construction of the fireplace according to the invention is based on a paradigm change of the hitherto long-lasting believe in the art that air channels in the form of pipeshave to be directly heated up by burning combustible in order to provide for outstandingly fast and steady occurrence of recirculation of environmental air, to the discovery that air channels forming at least partially a corrugated inner surface of a combustion chamber may at least be partially lined with a refractory material, thus reducing the area which can be contacted by burning combustible, however without significantly negatively affecting outstandingly fast and steady occurrence of recirculation of environmental air through said air channels.
  • the fireplace according to the invention allows reducing the emission of carbon monoxide and particulate matter to values below 1250 mg/Nm 3 (13 % O 2 ) carbon monoxide and 40 mg/Nm 3 (13 % O 2 ) particulate matter.
  • Nm 3 encompasses the term "dry standard cubic meter”, which term is synonymously used to the terms “normal cubic meter” or “standard cubic meter”.
  • dust is synonymously used with the term “dust” or “fine dust”. This particulate matter is generated when combustible in a fireplace is not completely combusted to gaseous products.
  • the invention relates to a fireplace at least comprising:
  • fireplace encompasses an architectural structure designed to contain fire. In its broadest meaning, the term encompasses any heating system which may be operated by means of combusting a combustible. Accordingly, the term “fireplace” encompasses terms such as “oven”, “furnace” or “stove”.
  • said fireplace encompasses a heating system that is used in a private household, preferably a small heating system. In a preferred embodiment, said heating system provides for a power of from 5 to 15 kW, preferably of from 5 to 10 kW, more preferably 6 to 8 kW. In a further embodiment, said fireplace may provide for a power up to 50 kW.
  • the fireplace according to the invention comprises a housing.
  • housing encompasses a hard or stable casing or mantle which encloses a combustion chamber.
  • combustion chamber encompasses the location in which the combustible is supported and combusted.
  • combustionible encompasses any solid fuel such as wood, wood pellets, or carbon such as coal or brown coal.
  • the combustible is a solid fuel comprising wood or is wood such as wood billets or wood pellets.
  • Said housing of the fireplace according to the invention comprises at least a front wall, which at least partially is construed as door through which said combustion chamber may be supplied with combustible, respectively through which ashes may be removed from the combustion chamber.
  • door encompasses the term “furnace door” or "fireplace door”.
  • the housing of the fireplace according to the invention further comprises a rear wall.
  • Said housing further comprises one or more side wall/walls.
  • the term "one or more side wall / walls” encompasses all parts of the housing which are different from the front wall and the rear wall.
  • said front wall, said one or more side wall/walls and said rear wall form the combustion chamber.
  • said walls forming the combustion chamber are made from cast iron or from steel.
  • Said door of said front wall may also consist of or may comprise cast iron or steel.
  • said door of said front wall may be construed in the form of glass such that the combustion of said combustible may be monitored.
  • the fireplace according to the invention also comprises an outlet for smoke gas which is generated when combustible is combusted in the combustion chamber.
  • outlet encompasses the portion of the fireplace through which said smoke gas may exit said fireplace.
  • said outlet is positioned in the rear wall of said housing.
  • said outlet may also be positioned in the one or more side walls (including a top wall).
  • said outlet is connected to a chimney.
  • component encompasses any space or spatiality.
  • portion of the air channels forming said lower compartment means that the portion of the wall of the combustion chamber formed by said air channels-consists of said air channels.
  • inner surface of the combustion chamber formed by said air channels is corrugated” encompasses any surface which is not smooth, i.e. which comprises recesses and protrusions.
  • the invention relates to a fireplace at least comprising:
  • said openings are alternatedly arranged. This allows the smoke gas to pass an extended distance before it reaches the outlet. Thus, the probability of combustion of combustible in the combustion chamber being as complete as possible is increased. This further supports a reduced emission.
  • the upper compartment is configured to direct said formed gas to an outlet which in turn is configured to discharge said gas from said combustion chamber.
  • the fireplace comprises a further compartment, which is connected to said upper compartment.
  • said further compartment accommodates a damper flap.
  • said outlet is configured to discharge said gas into said further compartment.
  • Said further compartment is configured to direct said gas to a chimney.
  • said further compartment is bent upwards or is straight.
  • said further compartment is a pipe bent upwards or is a straight pipe.
  • said further compartment accommodates a damper flap.
  • Said damper flap is configured to allow further control of the intensity of the combustion.
  • the gas flow in the fireplace according to the invention may be controlled and adjusted. In an opened position, the intensity of combustion may be increased.
  • a portion of the lower compartment or a portion of the air channels forming said lower compartment is configured to support and burn combustible, wherein said portion is not lined with a refractory material, preferably is not lined with a ceramic or a fire proof ceramic such as vermiculite.
  • the lower compartment is lined with vermiculite, wherein the portion of the lower compartment or a portion of the air channels forming said lower compartment and which is configured to support and burn combustible, is lined with cast iron or steel.
  • said portion of the lower compartment of the air channels forming said lower compartment which is configured to support combustible is in the form of a grid.
  • Said grid is configured to direct formed ashes downwards when burning combustible.
  • an ash pan is arranged under the grid.
  • the ash pan is configured to accommodate ashes.
  • the lower compartment is lined with a refractory material.
  • refractory material encompasses any material which is not destroyed when operating the fireplace, i.e. when combusting combustible. In one embodiment, said refractory material is not destroyed or negatively affected under a temperature of up to at least 700 °C. Refractory materials commonly used in fireplace technology may be used.
  • lining with a refractory material is used synonymously with the term “fireplace lining” or “combustion lining” as commonly used in the art.
  • said refractory material is selected from the group consisting of ceramics, fire proof ceramics, chamotte (fireclay) or refractory concrete; or metal, preferably steel or cast iron; or a combination of two or more thereof; preferably wherein said refractory material is vermiculite.
  • the corrugated inner surface of the lower compartment of combustion chamber is not in physical contact with said lining with a refractory material.
  • At least a portion of the corrugated inner surface of the lower compartment of combustion chamber is in physical contact with said lining with a refractory material.
  • the combustion chamber is a cylindrical combustion chamber which is positioned horizontally.
  • the air channels extend in a plane, respectively, which is positioned in a vertical direction or in a substantial vertical position.
  • substantially vertical position allows a deviation from the vertical position, i.e. the air channels may extend in a a plane which may also be arranged in an inclined position.
  • the air channels are arranged one after another.
  • the air channels may have any conceivable form provided they form at least a portion of the inner surface of the combustion chamber such that said inner surface is provided in a corrugated form, or wherein the inner surface is provided in a corrugated form.
  • the air channels are extending recesses of the outer wall of the combustion chamber.
  • said channels are in the form of pipes.
  • the cross section of said pipes may be in the form of a triangle, a square, a rectangle or a circle, or any shape.
  • the invention relates to a fireplace, at least comprising: a housing enclosing a combustion chamber, wherein said housing at least comprises:
  • the combustion chamber comprises at least one or at least two different aerating means.
  • the term "means for aerating" encompasses any conceivable means or device or equipment by means of which the combustion chamber may be aerated in order to support the combusting of the combustible.
  • air is fed into or flows into the combustion chamber. Said air may also be termed "combustion air”.
  • the rear wall of the fireplace according to the invention bears another wall that insulates the fireplace towards the environment.
  • said rear wall and said another wall are spaced apart from one another.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of a longitudinal section through a combustion chamber 30 of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 comprises a lower compartment 50 and an upper compartment 60. The compartments are separated by baffle 80 which leaves an opening 81 between the upper compartment 60 and the lower compartment 50, and which connects the two compartments.
  • the dashed arrow shows the direction of smoke gas flowing through the combustion chamber 30 to outlet 40. The air channels are not shown.
  • Fig. 2 shows the combustion chamber 30 of Fig. 1 , wherein the upper compartment 60 is connected to a further compartment 65 via outlet 40.
  • the further compartment accommodates damper flap 66 which may be switched to a closed position as shown or to an opened position.
  • the air channels are not shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of a longitudinal section through a combustion chamber 30 of a fireplace 100 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 comprises a lower compartment 50, a middle compartment 55 and an upper compartment 60.
  • the compartments are separated by baffles 80 which leave one opening 81 between the upper compartment 60 and the middle compartment 55, and one opening between the middle compartment 55 and the lower compartment 50.
  • the dashed arrow shows the direction of smoke gas flowing through the combustion chamber 30 to outlet 40.
  • the air channels are not shown.
  • Fig. 4 shows the combustion chamber 30 of Fig. 3 , wherein the upper compartment 60 is connected to a further compartment 65 via outlet 40.
  • the further compartment accommodates damper flap 66.
  • the air channels are not shown.
  • Fig. 5 shows a front view of a cross section through a combustion chamber 30 of a fireplace according to the invention.
  • Baffle 80 consists of a refractory material.
  • the side walls of the lower compartment 50 are lined with refractory material 90 such that the portion of the air channels, respectively the portion of the lower compartment which is configured to support combustible, is not lined with a refractory material 90.
  • the air channels are not shown.
  • Fig. 6 shows a front view of a preferred fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Fireplace 10 comprises air channels in the form of curved pipes 20 made from cast iron or steel which form the one or more side wall/walls 16 of fireplace 10.
  • Side wall 16, front wall 11 and rear wall 15 (not shown) form a cylindrical combustion chamber 30 wherein at least a portion of the inner surface of the combustion chamber is corrugated.
  • the combustion chamber 30 is construed as in Fig. 5 .
  • air from the environment being contained in curved pipes 20 is heated up very fastly and steadily. Heated air ascends and exits pipes 20 at the upper opening thereof. Cold air is aspirated at the lower opening of pipes 20 and is thus heated up. Consequently, the environmental air is recirculated through said pipes.
  • heat transfer from the fireplace to the environment is effected by thermal convection.
  • Front wall 11 is partially construed as door 12. Combustion chamber 30 of fireplace 10 may be monitored through a glass plate 13. Front wall 11 may have a handle for closing combustion chamber 30. The handle or the front wall 11 may bear one or more openings (means for aerating 4) through which combustion air may enter combustion chamber 30 in order to support the combustion of combustible, preferably wood.
  • Fig. 7 shows a side view of the preferred fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Curved pipes 20 form said cylindrical combustion chamber 30 (not shown).
  • Smoke gas being formed when combusting combustible may exit outlet 40 which is located in the rear wall 15 of fireplace 10.
  • the portion of rear wall 15 forming a part of the lower compartment 50 is lined with a refractory material.
  • Fig. 8 shows a front view of a cross section along rear wall 15 of the preferred fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Rear wall 15 has openings which represent third means for aerating 3.
  • second means for aerating 2 extend into the interior of combustion chamber 30.
  • Said second means 2 extend through the refractory material 90 of the lining.
  • first means for aerating 1 extend from a further opening in rear wall 15 into the interior of combustion chamber 30, i.e. into the lower compartment.
  • the air channels are not shown.
  • Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a part of a cross section of a preferred fireplace 10 according to the invention as presented in Fig. 8 .
  • the view represents a part of combustion chamber 30 which is formed by side wall 16 and rear wall 15.
  • First means for aerating 1 and second means for aerating 2 are positioned in combustion chamber 30 in the form of pipes extending from openings in rear wall 15, respectively.
  • First means for aerating 1 bears two rows of parallel openings through which combustion air enters combustion chamber 30 substantially vertically upwards.
  • the first means 1 are optional means.
  • Both second means for aerating 2 bear one row of openings through which combustion air may enter combustion chamber 30 substantially horizontally.
  • Both second means for aerating 2 face each other.
  • Rear wall 15 bears third means for aerating 3.
  • Front wall 11 bears at least one fourth means for aerating 4 (front wall 11 and fourth means for aerating 4 not shown).
  • the air channels, the upper and lower compartment including the baffle separating said lower from said upper compartment and the lining with a refractory material are not shown.
  • the openings of the first means for aerating 1 and second means for aerating 2 preferably have a diameter of from 1 to 10 mm, more preferred 2 to 7 mm, respectively.
  • Means for aerating 3 and means for aerating 4 preferably have a diameter of from 1 to 15 mm, more preferred of from 5 to 10 mm, respectively.
  • first means for aerating 1 and second means for aerating 2 approximately equals the distance between rear wall 15 and front wall 11, respectively.
  • Fig. 10 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by curved pipes 20 having a circular diameter.
  • the pipes form a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the lining with a refractory material is not shown.
  • Fig. 11 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by curved pipes 20 having a circular diameter. The pipes are alternatedly arranged. The pipes form a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the pipes (of the lower compartment) are lined with a refractory material such that the refractory material partially is in physical contact with the lining (90).
  • Fig. 12 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by air channels 20 having a cross section in the form of semicircles which are formed as recesses in the side wall/walls of combustion chamber 30.
  • the air channels form a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the lining with a refractory material is not shown.
  • Fig. 13, 14 and 15 show a top view on a cross section of a fireplace 10 according to the invention along a horizontal plane, respectively.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by air channels 20 having a cross section in the form of semicircles ( Fig. 13 ), rectangles ( Fig. 14 ), and triangles ( Fig. 15 ).
  • the air channels form a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the lining with a refractory material is not shown.
  • Fig. 16 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by air channels 20 having a cross section in the form of triangles which are formed as recesses in the side wall/walls of combustion chamber 30.
  • the air channels form a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the lining with a refractory material is not shown.
  • Fig. 17 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by double walls which form two air channels. Fins protrude into the combustion chamber 30 in order to provide a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the lining with a refractory material is not shown.
  • Fig. 18 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention. Fins protrude into the combustion chamber 30 in order to provide a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the air channels 20 are merely formed by the side walls of the combustion chamber. The lining with a refractory material is not shown.
  • Fig. 19 shows a top view on a cross section along a horizontal plane of a fireplace 10 according to the invention.
  • Combustion chamber 30 is formed by wavy air channels 20.
  • the pipes form a corrugated inner surface of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the lining with a refractory material is performed such that said lining is not in physical contact with the air channels.
  • Emissions of fireplaces having pipes allowing for recirculation of environmental air based on convection were determined according to EN13240.
  • the fireplaces had the same construction principle except that one series contained a lining with a refractory material in the lower compartment (fireplaces according to the invention), whereas the series for comparison was free from a lining with a refractory material (fireplaces fror comparison).
  • the fireplaces were further equipped with the further compartment in the form of a pipe bent upwards containing a damper flap, and with second, third and fourth means for aerating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100), mindestens umfassend:
    eine Brennkammer (30) mit mindestens zwei übereinander angeordneten Kammern (50, 55, 60) und
    wobei die untere Kammer (50) und die obere Kammer (60) der mindestens zwei Kammern (50, 55, 60) mittels einer Ablenkplatte (80) getrennt sind, wobei eine Öffnung (81) verbleibt, die die untere Kammer (50) mit der oberen Kammer (60) verbindet; oder
    wobei der Feuerungsanlage drei übereinander angeordnete Kammern (50, 55, 60) aufweist, wobei die untere Kammer (50) und die mittlere Kammer (55) mittels einer Ablenkplatte (80) voneinander getrennt sind, wobei eine Öffnung (81) verbleibt, die die untere Kammer (50) mit der mittleren Kamer (55) verbindet; und
    wobei die mittlere Kammer (55) und die obere Kammer (60) mittels einer weiteren Ablenkplatte (80) getrennt sind, wobei eine weitere Öffnung (81) verbleibt, die die mittlere Kammer (55) mit der oberen Kammer (60) verbindet;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die untere Kammer und mindestens eine der mittleren Kammer (55) und der oberen Kammer (60) mindestens teilweise durch Luftkanäle (20) gebildet werden, die jeweils an ihren unteren bzw. ihren oberen Enden geöffnet sind, und wobei die Innenfläche der Brennkammer, die durch die Luftkanäle gebildet wird, gewellt ist;
    und dass mindestens ein Abschnitt der unteren Kammer der Brennkammer (30) eine Auskleidung mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) aufweist,
    wobei der Teil der Luftkanäle (20), die die untere Kammer (50) der Verbrennungskammer (30) bilden, zumindest teilweise mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) ausgekleidet ist.
  2. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) eine weitere Kammer (65) aufweist, die mit der oberen Kammer (60) verbunden ist.
  3. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach Anspruch 2, wobei die weitere Kammer (65) eine Dämpferklappe (66) beherbergt.
  4. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die gewellte Innenfläche der unteren Kammer (50) der Brennkammer (30) oder ein Abschnitt der Luftkanäle (20), der die untere Kammer (50) bildet, nicht in physischem Kontakt mit der Auskleidung mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) steht; oder
    wobei mindestens ein Abschnitt der gewellten Innenfläche der unteren Kammer (50) oder ein Abschnitt der Luftkanäle (20), der die untere Kammer (50) der Brennkammer (30) bildet, in physischem Kontakt mit der Auskleidung mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) steht.
  5. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Abschnitt der unteren Kammer (50) oder ein Abschnitt der Luftkanäle (20), der die untere Kammer (50) bildet, so konfiguriert ist, dass er brennbares Material trägt, wobei der Abschnitt nicht mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) ausgekleidet ist; oder wobei die untere Kammer (50) mit Vermiculite (90) ausgekleidet ist, wobei der Abschnitt der unteren Kammer (50) oder ein Abschnitt der Luftkanäle (20), der die untere Kammer (50) bildet, und der so ausgebildet ist, dass er brennbares Material trägt, mit Gusseisen oder Stahl ausgekleidet ist.
  6. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach Anspruch 5, wobei ein Abschnitt der unteren Kammer (50) oder ein Abschnitt der Luftkanäle (20), der die untere Kammer (50) bildet, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er brennbares Material trägt, in Form eines Gitters vorliegt; vorzugsweise wobei unter dem Gitter eine Aschepfanne angeordnet ist.
  7. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die untere Kammer (50) eine Rückwand (15) aufweist, die eine Auskleidung mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) aufweist.
  8. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Abschnitt der oberen Kammer (60) eine Auskleidung mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) aufweist.
  9. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die mindestens eine Ablenkpatte (80) aus einem feuerfesten Material (90) besteht; oder mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) ausgekleidet ist.
  10. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das feuerfeste Material der Auskleidung (90) ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Keramik, feuerfeste Keramik, Schamotte oder feuerfestem Beton; oder Metall, vorzugsweise Stahl oder Gusseisen; oder einer Kombination von zwei oder mehreren davon; vorzugsweise wobei das feuerfeste Material Vermiculite ist.
  11. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 10, wobei die weitere Kammer (65) nach oben gebogen oder gerade ist; vorzugsweise wobei die weitere Kammer ein Rohr ist.
  12. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Brennkammer (30) eine Belüftungseinrichtung (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) oder mindestens zwei verschiedene Belüftungseinrichtungen (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) aufweist.
  13. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Brennkammer (30) eine zylindrische Brennkammer ist, die horizontal positioniert ist.
  14. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich die Luftkanäle (20) jeweils in einer Ebene erstrecken, die in einer vertikalen Richtung positioniert ist.
  15. Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mindestens aufweisend:
    ein Gehäuse, das eine Verbrennungskammer (30) umschließt, wobei das Gehäuse mindestens aufweist:
    eine Vorderwand (11), die zumindest teilweise als Tür (12) ausgebildet ist, wobei die Tür (12) so konfiguriert ist, dass die Brennkammer (30) mit brennbarem Material versorgt bzw. Asche aus der Brennkammer (30) entfernt werden kann;
    eine oder mehrere Seitenwände (16);
    eine Rückwand (15);
    mindestens einen Auslass (40) für Gas, das beim Betreiben des Feuerungsanlage beim Verbrennen eines brennbaren Materials in der Brennkammer (30) gebildet wird, wobei der Auslass (40) vorzugsweise in der Rückwand (15) oder der einen oder mehreren Seitenwände (16) des Gehäuses angeordnet ist;
    wobei die eine oder die mehreren Seitenwände (16) einen horizontalen zylindrischen Körper bilden, derart, dass auch die Brennkammer (30) einen zylindrischen Körper aufweist, wobei die Brennkammer (30) zumindest
    eine untere Kammer (50) und eine obere Kammer (60) aufweist, die übereinander angeordnet sind, und wobei die untere Kammer (50) und die obere Kammer (60) mittels einer Ablenkplatte (80) getrennt sind, wobei eine Öffnung (81) verbleibt, die die untere Kammer (50) mit der oberen Kammer (60) verbindet;
    wobei die untere Kammer (50) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie das brennbare Material trägt und zu verbrennt, die
    Ablenkplatte (80) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie Gase, die in der unteren Kammer (50) gebildet werden, wenn die Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) über die mindestens eine Öffnung (81) zur oberen Kammer (60) betrieben wird, leitet; und
    die obere Kammer (60) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie das Gas zum Auslass (40) leitet, wobei der Auslass (40) so konfiguriert ist, dass er das Gas aus der Brennkammer (30) ausstößt;
    wobei die eine oder die mehreren Seitenwände (16) zumindest teilweise aus Luftkanälen (20) in Form gekrümmter Rohre bestehen;
    wobei die Luftkanäle (20) in Form von gekrümmten Rohren so konfiguriert sind, dass sie beim Betrieb des Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) erwärmt werden, wobei eine untere Öffnung der Rohre so konfiguriert ist, dass sie Luft aus der Umgebung der Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) ansaugt, und wobei eine obere Öffnung der Rohre so konfiguriert ist, dass sie die angesaugte und erwärmte Luft in die Umgebung ausstößt;
    und
    wobei die Auskleidung mindestens eines Abschnitts der unteren Kammer (50) der Brennkammer (30) mit einem feuerfesten Material (90) ausgelegt ist, das so konfiguriert ist, dass es verhindert, dass der Abschnitt der Luftkanäle (20) in Form gekrümmter Rohre durch das Feuer des brennenden Brennstoffs beim Betrieb des Feuerungsanlage (10, 100) kontaktiert wird.
EP16002137.4A 2016-10-05 2016-10-05 Konvektionsofen Active EP3306200B1 (de)

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EP16002137.4A EP3306200B1 (de) 2016-10-05 2016-10-05 Konvektionsofen
PCT/EP2017/074830 WO2018065320A1 (en) 2016-10-05 2017-09-29 Convection oven

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RU2740962C1 (ru) * 2020-06-01 2021-01-22 Вадим Михайлович Голубенко Конвекторная печь

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US212963A (en) * 1879-03-04 Improvement in heating-stoves
GB723172A (en) * 1953-09-21 1955-02-02 Eddlestone And Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to greenhouse and like heating apparatus
DE3602285A1 (de) 1986-01-25 1987-07-30 Energetec Ges Fuer Energietech Warmluftofen fuer feste brennstoffe
DE19806428A1 (de) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-20 Patram Patent And Trademark Ad Heizeinrichtung mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad
DE102008011167A1 (de) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Ulrich Baumann Heizofen zum Beheizen des Raumes eines Wohn-Gebäudes
EP2418425B1 (de) 2010-08-10 2013-01-02 Dr. Pley Environmental GmbH Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abgasen aus einem Kleinheizsystem
EP2455666A1 (de) 2010-11-17 2012-05-23 József Simkó Kaminofen mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad
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