EP3301389A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is based on a heat exchanger (10a, 10b) having at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) for guiding a medium to be heated and at least one guide unit (14a, 14b) for guiding a fluid provided for this purpose to heat the medium to be heated, wherein the at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) comprises at least two concentrically arranged medium channels (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b). It is proposed that the at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) comprises at least one transverse channel (20a, 20b, 22a, 22b) which is provided to fluidly connect the at least two medium channels (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) ,

Description

State of the art

It is already a heat exchanger with at least one channel unit to a guide of a medium to be heated and at least one guide unit to a guide of a fluid, which is intended to heat the medium to be heated, wherein the at least one channel unit at least two concentrically arranged medium channels includes, has been proposed.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention relates to a heat exchanger with at least one channel unit to a guide of a medium to be heated and at least one guide unit to a guide of a fluid, which is intended to heat the medium to be heated, wherein the at least one channel unit at least two concentric with each other arranged medium channels.

It is proposed that the at least one channel unit comprises at least one transverse channel, which is intended to fluidly connect the at least two medium channels with each other. Thereby, a heat exchanger having advantageous properties in terms of efficiency, in particular, power efficiency, heat transfer efficiency, space efficiency, component efficiency, and / or cost efficiency can be provided. In addition, a heat exchanger with increased flexibility and / or stability can be provided be, which in particular a pressure and / or pressure surges of at least 10 bar and advantageously at least 16 bar withstands. Furthermore, advantageously, a complexity, in particular in a manufacturing process can be reduced, whereby an assembly cost can be kept advantageously low. Furthermore, a pressure drop caused by the channel unit can advantageously be kept low.

In addition, a "heat exchanger" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, at least one part, in particular a subassembly, of a heating system, advantageously for heating and / or hot water preparation. Advantageously, the heat exchanger is designed as a secondary heat exchanger and in particular provided to use latent heat of the fluid to a heating of the medium to be heated. For this purpose, the heat exchanger is preferably arranged in a fluid line of the heating system and is advantageously flowed through in at least one operating state of the fluid. The fluid advantageously corresponds to at least one exhaust gas flow of at least one heating unit, advantageously a gas and / or oil burner, of the heating system. Furthermore, the medium to be heated preferably corresponds to a further fluid, in particular deviating from the fluid, advantageously a liquid, and more preferably water. In particular, the heating system can have exactly one heat exchanger. However, the heating system is particularly advantageously of modular design and, in particular, can be expanded by means of any desired number of heat exchangers, advantageously at least substantially identical to the heat exchanger, and advantageously arranged in series. In this case, "objects of at least substantially identical construction" should be understood to mean, in particular, objects which have at least substantially identical exterior shapes to each other, but in particular in at least one feature, in particular in a construction, a diameter, a mode of operation and / or an arrangement can distinguish. The at least substantially identical objects are preferably identical to one another, apart from manufacturing tolerances and / or within the scope of production engineering possibilities and / or within the scope of standardized tolerances.

Furthermore, a "channel unit" should be understood as meaning, in particular, a unit which is advantageously tubular and preferably designed as a flow channel which is intended in particular to receive the medium to be heated and in particular to at least partially conduct and / or lead. For this purpose, the channel unit defines, in particular, at least one medium channel which is at least largely closed and / or spatially separated for the medium to be heated. Advantageously, the channel unit is arranged to at least a large part and particularly preferably completely in a flow region of the fluid. In addition, the channel unit has at least one fluid flow region, in particular at least when viewed parallel to a main extension direction of the channel unit, which is flowed through by the fluid, in particular in at least one operating state. The main extension direction of the channel unit preferably runs at least substantially parallel to a main flow direction of the fluid. By "at least substantially parallel" should be understood in this context in particular in parallel with a maximum deviation of 20 °, preferably 10 °, particularly preferably 2 °. Further advantageously, the channel unit is at least substantially rotationally symmetrical and / or rotationally symmetrical, with an axis of symmetry preferably parallel to the main extension direction of the channel unit and / or to the main flow direction of the fluid.

A medium channel wall of the channel unit facing the fluid flow region and / or delimiting the fluid flow region spatially separates, in particular, the medium channel for the medium to be heated from the fluid flow region. A further medium channel wall faces, in particular, the fluid flow region and / or delimits the fluid flow region. The further medium channel wall spatially separates in particular the further medium channel for the medium to be heated from the fluid flow region.

More preferably, the channel unit is annular when viewed parallel to the main direction of extension of the channel unit. Further advantageously, the medium channel wall and / or the further medium channel wall are annular when viewed parallel to the main extension direction of the channel unit. The medium channel wall preferably forms a hollow cylinder. The further Mediumkanalwandung advantageously also forms a hollow cylinder. A wall thickness of the Mediumkanalwandung and / or the Hollow cylinder is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1 mm and more preferably less than 0.8 mm.

At least 55%, advantageously at least 65%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 85% and particularly advantageously at least 95% are to be understood by the term "for at least a large part". A "main extension direction" of an object should be understood to mean, in particular, a direction which runs parallel to a longest edge of a smallest geometric cuboid which just completely encloses the object.

Furthermore, a "guide unit" should be understood to mean, in particular, a unit which is provided to at least partially guide and / or guide the fluid, in particular such that a heat exchange between the fluid and the medium to be heated is enabled and / or takes place , Preferably, the guide unit extends at least to a major extent and more preferably completely over an entire main extension length of the channel unit. Particularly advantageously, at least one guide element of the guide unit and preferably all guide elements of the guide unit preferably extends completely over at least a large part and particularly preferably completely over an entire main extension length of the channel unit. In this context, a "main extension length" of an object should be understood as meaning, in particular, a maximum extent of the object in a main extension direction of the object. In this context, "concentric" should be understood in particular as meaning an at least substantially common center.

Preferably, the Mediumkanalwandung and the other Mediumkanalwandung are arranged concentrically to each other. Particularly advantageously, the medium channel wall and the further medium channel wall have an at least substantially common center of gravity. Preferably, at least the medium channel wall is formed of a metal and / or a metal alloy, and particularly preferably of stainless steel.

By "at least substantially in common" is to be understood in this context in particular with a deviation of less than 5 cm, preferably less than 2 cm, particularly preferably less than 0.5 cm. In particular, "concentric" refers to something symmetrically disposed about a common center. Preferably, the medium channels have an annular cross-section. The cross section extends in particular transversely to the main direction of extension of the channel unit and / or transversely to the main flow direction of the fluid. The transverse channel preferably has a cross-section which has a shape of a circular area. In particular, the transverse channel extends at least partially through the at least two medium channels. In particular, two different medium channels have different diameters. In particular, between two adjacent medium channels, a fluid flow region is arranged, which in particular comprises an annular cross-section. In this context, "fluid technology" is to be understood to mean, in particular, an exchange and / or a transfer of the medium to be heated. By "intended" is intended to be understood in particular specially designed and / or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should in particular mean that the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the at least one transverse channel extends at least substantially perpendicular to a main flow direction of the fluid. As a result, in particular, an efficiency of heat transfer can advantageously be increased and, at the same time, an almost space-neutral design can be achieved. In particular, a channel main extension extends at least substantially perpendicular to the main extension direction of the channel unit. By "at least substantially perpendicular" is to be understood in this context, in particular perpendicular to a deviation of less than 45 °, preferably less than 20 °, more preferably less than 5 °. Particularly preferably, the at least one transverse channel extends exactly perpendicular to a main flow direction of the fluid.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least one transverse channel is at least partially formed by at least one medium channel wall of the at least one channel unit. As a result, a particularly compact design can be achieved. Furthermore, a variety of parts and thus manufacturing costs can be kept particularly low. Preferably, the at least one transverse channel is completely formed by at least one medium channel wall of the at least one channel unit. Particularly advantageously, the at least one transverse channel is formed by a multiplicity of medium channel walls of the at least one channel unit. In particular, the at least one medium channel wall delimits the at least one transverse channel at least in regions in a radial direction of the transverse channel.

In addition, it is proposed that the at least one channel unit comprises at least one medium channel wall and at least one further medium channel wall, which are connected to one another in a material-locking manner, at least to form the transverse channel. As a result, in particular an advantageous stability, service life and / or fatigue strength can be achieved. Preferably, the at least one medium channel wall and the at least one further medium channel wall are soldered to one another and / or welded together to form the transverse channel. In principle, other compounds which appear reasonable to the person skilled in the art are also conceivable which lead to an integral formation of the at least one medium channel wall and the at least one further medium channel wall. In this context, "integral" should be understood to mean, in particular, at least materially bonded and / or formed with one another. The material bond can be produced for example by an adhesive process, a Anspritzprozess, a welding process, a soldering process and / or by another process. Advantageously, it should be understood to be integrally formed in one piece and / or in one piece. Preferably, this is a piece of a single blank, a mass and / or a casting, such as in an extrusion process, in particular a one- and / or multi-component extrusion process, and / or an injection molding process, in particular a single and / or multi-component Injection molding process, manufactured. Preferably, at least one medium channel wall has a collar and / or a deformation which is provided for contacting and / or connection to a further medium channel wall.

In particular, the Mediumkanalwandung is provided to a boundary of the medium channel and provided the further Mediumkanalwandung to a limit of another medium channel. The at least one medium channel wall and the at least one further medium channel wall are preferably connected to one another in the region of the transverse channel by a material fit. By "in the range" is to be understood in this context in particular with a distance of not more than 3 cm, preferably of not more than 1 cm, particularly preferably of not more than 0.5 cm.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least one medium channel wall and the at least one further medium channel wall are connected to one another at least via an interfacial connection enclosing the transverse channel. As a result, in particular an advantageous stability, service life and / or fatigue strength can be achieved. Particularly advantageously, the adhesive connection is annular.

In addition, it is proposed that the at least one transverse channel completely penetrates at least two medium channel walls of the channel unit. As a result, in particular a low-resistance flow through the medium to be heated can be achieved by the channel unit and at the same time an almost space-neutral design can be achieved. Preferably, the at least one transverse channel completely penetrates all medium channel walls.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least one channel unit comprises at least one further transverse channel, which is provided for fluidically connecting the at least two medium channels to one another. As a result, an efficient supply and discharge of the medium to be heated in the medium channels can be achieved. Furthermore, a particularly high efficiency can be achieved. Preferably, the at least one channel unit is provided to a supply line of the medium to be heated. Particularly preferably, the at least one further channel unit is provided for discharging the medium to be heated.

It is also proposed that the at least one transverse channel is arranged within a heat exchange region of the guide unit. As a result, in particular, an efficiency of heat transfer can advantageously be increased and, at the same time, an almost space-neutral design can be achieved. In this context, a "heat exchange region" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a region in which, in at least one operating state, there is an essential transfer of heat from the fluid into the medium to be heated. In particular, the heat exchange region has a cylindrical extension. Preferably, the heat exchange area extends maximally to axial ends of the channel unit. The axial ends form the ends of the channel unit in the main extension direction. The heat exchange region has at least substantially the same diameter as the channel unit.

In addition, it is proposed that the at least one guide unit comprises at least one guide element, which is provided for a flow division of the fluid, in particular immediately prior to entry of the fluid into a heat exchange region of the guide unit, wherein the at least one guide element, along a main flow direction of the fluid before When viewed in the heat exchange region of the guide unit, it has at least one rounded end region. As a result, advantageously a flow velocity of the fluid can be influenced and a heat transfer can be improved. Advantageously, the guide element is arranged at least partially and preferably at least a large part in the heat exchange region. Particularly preferably, the guide element is arranged centrally in the channel unit and / or concentrically with the at least two medium channels. Particularly advantageously, the guide element extends to at least a large part, and particularly preferably completely, over an entire main extension length of the channel unit. Particularly advantageously, the end portion of the guide element is formed hemispherical.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the heat exchanger comprises at least one further channel unit, which is provided for guiding a further medium to be heated, wherein the fluid is provided to heat the further medium to be heated. As a result, advantageously two different fluids separated from each other by fluid technology can be heated by the fluid, for example hot water and heating water. Particularly advantageously, the fluid is provided to heat the other medium via the medium to be heated. Particularly preferably, the fluid is intended to heat hot water, wherein the hot water is provided for heating heating water. In this context, "hot water" is to be understood in particular as meaning hot domestic hot and / or warm drinking water.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least one further channel unit comprises at least one further medium channel, which is arranged coaxially to the at least two medium channels of the channel unit. As a result, the heat exchanger can be made particularly compact. Furthermore, the heat exchanger can have a particularly high efficiency in one operation. The at least one further channel unit preferably has a multiplicity of further medium channels.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least one further medium channel, viewed perpendicular to a main flow direction of the fluid, adjoins at least the at least two medium channels of the channel unit. As a result, the fluid can heat the medium in a particularly simple manner, which then in turn heats the further medium. As a result, a particularly rapid provision of hot water can be achieved. Preferably, the at least one further medium channel to a Mediumkanalwandung, which at least partially, preferably for the most part, rests flat against the Mediumkanalwandung the other medium channel.

In addition, it is proposed that the at least one further channel unit comprises at least two further medium channels arranged concentrically to one another, wherein the at least one further channel unit comprises at least one further transverse channel which is provided for the at least two further medium channels fluidly connect to each other. Thereby, the heat exchanger can be provided with advantageous properties in terms of efficiency, in particular, power efficiency, heat transfer efficiency, space efficiency, component efficiency, and / or cost efficiency. In addition, the heat exchanger can be provided with increased flexibility and / or stability, which in particular withstands a pressure and / or pressure surges of at least 10 bar and advantageously at least 16 bar. Furthermore, advantageously, a complexity, in particular in a manufacturing process can be reduced, whereby an assembly cost can be kept advantageously low. Furthermore, a pressure drop caused by the further channel unit can advantageously be kept low.

Furthermore, a heating system with at least one heat exchanger according to the invention is proposed. The heating system can achieve a particularly high efficiency.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the heating system comprises at least one fluid line which is provided to supply the fluid to the heat exchanger, wherein a maximum flow cross section of the heat exchanger at least substantially corresponds to a maximum flow cross section of the fluid line. As a result, in particular a heating system with advantageously high efficiency, in particular power efficiency, heat transfer efficiency, space efficiency, component efficiency and / or cost efficiency, can be provided. By "a maximum flow cross section of the heat exchanger at least substantially corresponds to a maximum flow cross section of the fluid line" should be understood in particular that a maximum flow cross section of the heat exchanger by at most 15%, advantageously by at most 10% and more preferably by at most 5% of a maximum Flow cross section of the fluid line deviates.

In an additional embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the guide unit is provided to guide the fluid in a main flow direction, which is aligned at least substantially opposite to the force acting on the guide unit gravity. As a result, a particularly high efficiency can be achieved. Under "opposite" should in this In particular, reference is made to a direction of a force vector which describes gravity on the earth.

The heat exchanger and / or the heating system should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, the heat exchanger and / or the heating system may have a different number than a number of individual elements, components and units mentioned herein for performing a function described herein.

drawing

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawing, two embodiments of the invention are shown. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Fig. 1

ein Heizungssystem mit einem beispielhaft als Sekundärwärmeübertrager ausgebildeten Wärmeübertrager in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 2

den Wärmeübertrager in einer seitlichen Schnittdarstellung,

Fig. 3

den Wärmeübertrager in einer perspektivischen Schnittansicht,

Fig. 4

einen Querkanal einer Kanaleinheit des Wärmeübertragers in einer Schnittansicht,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Wärmeübertragers,

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische Darstellung zweier Wärmeübertrager vor einem Einbau in das Heizungssystem,

Fig. 7

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiels eines Wärmeübertragers in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,

Fig. 8

den Wärmeübertrager nach Figur 7 in einer Draufsicht,

Fig. 9

den Wärmeübertrager nach Figur 8 in einer Schnittdarstellung durch B - B,

Fig. 10

den Wärmeübertrager nach Figur 8 in einer Schnittdarstellung durch C - C und

Fig. 11

den Wärmeübertrager nach Figur 8 in einer Schnittdarstellung durch D - D.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a heating system with a heat exchanger designed by way of example as a secondary heat exchanger in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2

the heat exchanger in a lateral sectional view,

Fig. 3

the heat exchanger in a perspective sectional view,

Fig. 4

a transverse channel of a channel unit of the heat exchanger in a sectional view,

Fig. 5

a perspective view of the heat exchanger,

Fig. 6

a perspective view of two heat exchangers before installation in the heating system,

Fig. 7

a further embodiment of a heat exchanger in a perspective view,

Fig. 8

after the heat exchanger FIG. 7 in a plan view,

Fig. 9

after the heat exchanger FIG. 8 in a sectional view through B - B,

Fig. 10

after the heat exchanger FIG. 8 in a sectional view through C - C and

Fig. 11

after the heat exchanger FIG. 8 in a sectional view through D - D.

Description of the embodiment

The FIG. 1 shows a heating system 36a for heating and / or hot water preparation in a schematic representation. The heating system 36a is designed in the present case as a condensing boiler and in particular provided for wall mounting. In principle, however, a heating system could also be embodied as any other heating system, for example as a heat recovery system and / or as a storage heater.

The heating system 36a includes a heating unit 42a. The heating unit 42a is designed as a burner unit, in the present case in particular as a gas burner. The heating unit 42a is designed to burn a mixture of a combustion air and a fuel, in particular gas, and thereby to generate a flame. By the combustion, the heating unit 42a is provided to provide a fluid, in the present case in particular an exhaust gas stream. Alternatively, it is conceivable to design a heating unit as an oil burner and / or any other heating unit.

Furthermore, the heating system 36a in the present case comprises a primary heat exchanger 44a. The primary heat exchanger 44a is arranged in a vicinity of the heating unit 42a, in the present case in particular the flame of the heating unit 42a. The primary heat exchanger 44a and / or a liquid conducted through the primary heat exchanger 44a, in particular water, is thereby heated by means of the flame. In principle, however, the primary heat exchanger 44a could also be dispensed with.

In addition, the heating system 36a comprises a, in the present case in particular designed as a secondary heat exchanger, heat exchanger 10a. The heat exchanger 10a is arranged in a main flow direction 24a of the fluid behind the primary heat exchanger 44a. The heat exchanger 10a is provided for heating a medium to be heated, in particular water, in the present case, in particular through the heat exchanger 10a. In the present case, the heat exchanger 10a is provided to utilize latent heat of the fluid, in particular the generated by means of the heating unit 42a, in particular the exhaust gas flow to a heating of the medium to be heated. An operating temperature of the fluid and / or the medium to be heated is between 10 ° C and 80 ° C. The fluid is thus intended to heat the medium to be heated.

In order to supply the fluid to the heat exchanger 10a, the heating system 36a additionally comprises a fluid line 38a in which the heat exchanger 10a is arranged. In the present case, the fluid line 38a and the heat exchanger 10a and in particular a maximum flow cross-section of the heat exchanger 10a and the fluid line 38a, in particular for the fluid, adapted to each other. In this case, a maximum flow cross section of the heat exchanger 10a corresponds at least substantially to a maximum flow cross section of the fluid line 38a.

Another fluid line 40a is provided for guiding the fluid from the heating unit 42a to the heat exchanger 10a. The fluid line 38a and the further fluid line 40a are connected to each other in a manner that appears appropriate to a person skilled in the art, in particular also via a sealing element. The heating system 36a comprises a chimney conduit 46a, which is provided for a removal of the fluid from the heat exchanger 10a. The chimney conduit 46a may be designed to be open, in particular, at an end, not shown, to an environment or, alternatively, to lead into a chimney system not described in detail. In principle, it is also conceivable that the chimney duct 46a leads the fluid to a further heat exchanger.

The FIGS. 2 to 4 show a detailed view of the heat exchanger 10a. The heat exchanger 10a comprises a channel unit 12a. The channel unit 12a is closed a guide provided by a medium to be heated. The channel unit 12a is arranged centrally in the fluid line 38a. The channel unit 12a is completely disposed in a flow area of the fluid. A lower area of the Figures 2 and 3 defines a fluid inlet for the fluid, while an upper region defines a fluid outlet for the fluid. The heat exchanger 10a has a guide unit 14a for guiding the fluid. The guide unit 14a is provided to guide the fluid in a main flow direction 24a, which is opposite to the force acting on the guide unit 14a gravity.

The guide unit 14a comprises at least one, in the present case exactly one, guide element 32a. The guide element 32a is arranged, in particular centrally, in the channel unit 12a. The guide element 32a is at least substantially cylindrical and / or rod-shaped. The guide element 32a extends over a total main extension length of the channel unit 12a. In the present case, the channel unit 12a extends around the guide element 32a, in particular over an entire main extension length of the channel unit 12a.

An outer diameter of the guide element 32a is adapted to an inner diameter of the channel unit 12a, in particular at least when viewed parallel to a main extension direction of the channel unit 12a. The guide element 32a is provided for displacement of the fluid from a central region immediately before entry of the fluid into a heat exchange region 30a of the guide unit 14a. The guide element 32a is thus provided to a conduit of the fluid in the channel unit 12a. The guide element 32a has a rounded end region 34a. The end portion 34a, as viewed along the main flow direction 24a of the fluid, is disposed before entering the heat exchange portion 30a of the guide unit 14a. The end portion 34a of the guide member 32a is hemispherical in shape.

The channel unit 12a comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged medium channels. In this embodiment, the channel unit 12a comprises exactly eight medium channels, of which only two medium channels 16a, 18a are designated and described here by way of example. The number of medium channels can, of course, be considered meaningful to a person skilled in the art

Frame vary. The medium channels 16a, 18a are arranged concentrically with each other. Each of the medium channels 16a, 18a has, viewed in the main flow direction 24a, an annular cross-section. Each medium channel 16a, 18a has a different diameter. The guide element 32a is arranged concentrically with the medium channels 16a, 18a. Fluid flow areas 48a into which the fluid can flow in the main flow direction 24a are spanned between the medium channels 16a, 18a. By way of example, only one fluid flow region 48a of the fluid flow regions is designated and described here.

A medium channel wall 26a of the channel unit 12a bounding the fluid flow area 48a spatially separates the medium channel 16a for the medium to be heated from the fluid flow area 48a. Another medium channel wall 28a bounds the fluid flow area 48a. The further medium channel wall 28a spatially separates the further medium channel 18a from the fluid flow region 48a. In other words, the fluid flow region 48a is arranged between two medium channels 16a, 18a or between two medium channel walls 26a, 28a.

The medium channel walls 26a, 28a are made of stainless steel. However, it is also conceivable in this connection that the medium channel walls 26a, 28a are formed from another material which appears expedient to the person skilled in the art, in particular from copper or another metal and / or a metal alloy. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are arranged concentrically with one another.

The channel unit 12a includes a transverse channel 20a. The transverse channel 20a is provided to fluidly connect the medium channels 16a, 18a with each other.
The channel unit 12a includes another transverse channel 22a. The further transverse channel 22a is provided to fluidly connect the medium channels 16a, 18a with each other. In this exemplary embodiment, the channel unit 12a comprises exactly two transverse channels 20a, 22a, it being conceivable in principle to provide further transverse channels for the fluidic connection of the medium channels 16a, 18a. Except for the formation of the transverse channels 20a, 22a is the channel unit 12a rotationally symmetrical. An axis of symmetry runs parallel to the main flow direction 24a of the fluid.

The transverse channel 20a is provided to a supply line of the medium to be heated. The transverse channel 20a has a cross section which has a shape of a circular area. Like in the FIG. 4 shown in more detail, the transverse channel 20a extends through the medium channels 16a, 18a. More specifically, the transverse channel 20a extends completely through all the medium channels 16a, 18a. The transverse channel 20a extends perpendicular to the main flow direction 24a of the fluid. In other words, an axial direction of the lateral channel 20a is aligned perpendicular to the main flow direction 24a of the fluid. The transverse channel 20a extends in its main extension direction in a radial direction of the channel unit 12a.

The transverse channel 20a is formed by the medium channel walls 26a, 28a of the channel unit 12a. The transverse channel 20a completely penetrates the medium channel walls 26a, 28a of the channel unit 12a. More specifically, the transverse channel 20a completely penetrates all medium channel walls 26a, 28a. The medium channel walls 26a, 28a define the transverse channel 20a in a radial direction of the transverse channel 20a. The transverse channel 20a is directly connected to the medium channels 16a, 18a. The transverse channel 20a is completely disposed within the heat exchange region 30a of the guide unit 14a.

To form the transverse channel 20a, the medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are soldered together. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are welded together. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are connected to one another in the region of the transverse channel 20a by a material fit. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are connected to each other via a cross-channel 20a entanglement connection. The material connection is annular.

The further transverse channel 22a is provided for a discharge of the medium to be heated. The further transverse channel 22a is arranged in front of the transverse channel 20a in the main flow direction 24a of the fluid. The further transverse channel 22a has a cross section which has a shape of a circular area. The further transverse channel 22a extends through the medium channels 16a, 18a. More specifically, the further transverse channel 22a extends completely through all the medium channels 16a, 18a. The further transverse channel 22a extends perpendicular to the main flow direction 24a of the fluid. In other words, an axial direction of the further transverse channel 22a is aligned perpendicular to the main flow direction 24a of the fluid. The further transverse channel 22a extends in its main extension direction in a radial direction of the channel unit 12a.

The further transverse channel 22a is formed by the medium channel walls 26a, 28a of the channel unit 12a. The further transverse channel 22a completely penetrates the medium channel walls 26a, 28a of the channel unit 12a. More specifically, the further transverse channel 22a completely penetrates all the medium channel walls 26a, 28a. The medium channel walls 26a, 28a define the further transverse channel 22a in a radial direction of the further transverse channel 22a. The further transverse channel 22a is directly connected to the medium channels 16a, 18a. The further transverse channel 22a is arranged completely within the heat exchange region 30a of the guide unit 14a.

To form the further transverse channel 22a, the medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are soldered together. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are welded together. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are connected to one another in the region of the further transverse channel 22a by a material fit. The medium channel wall 26a and the further medium channel wall 28a are connected to each other via a further transverse channel 22a enclosing adhesive connection. The material connection is annular.

The transverse channel 20a and the further transverse channel 22a are aligned parallel to one another in a main extension direction. Like in the FIG. 5 As shown, the transverse channel 20a and the further transverse channel 22a are disposed on a same side of the channel unit 12a. The transverse channel 20a and the further transverse channel 22a have at least substantially the same geometric dimensions.

The FIG. 6 shows a portion of the fluid line 38a and the heat exchanger 10a shown simplified before assembly. Between the fluid line 38a and an outermost Mediumkanalwandung 50a a medium channel is also arranged after assembly. The fluid line 38a has lateral connection pieces 52a, 54a, which is provided for connection to a supply line or a discharge of medium line pipes, not shown. The heat exchanger 10a is sealingly connected during assembly at its axial ends in the circumferential direction with the fluid line 38a, in particular soldered or welded. As further shown, it is basically conceivable to arrange a further heat exchanger 10a 'with a different diameter in a further fluid line 38a'.

In the FIGS. 7 to 11 a further embodiment of the invention is shown. The following descriptions are essentially limited to the differences between the embodiments, with respect to the same components, features and functions on the description of the other embodiment, in particular the FIGS. 1 to 6 , can be referenced. To distinguish the embodiments, the letter a in the reference numerals of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6 by the letter b in the reference numerals of the embodiment of FIGS. 7 to 11 replaced. With regard to identically designated components, in particular with regard to components with the same reference numerals, can in principle also to the drawings and / or the description of the other embodiment, in particular the FIGS. 1 to 6 , to get expelled.

The FIGS. 7 and 8th show an alternative designed heat exchanger 10b of a heating system for Heizungswasser- and hot water preparation in a schematic representation. The heating system is analogous to in the FIG. 1 constructed heating system and therefore will not be described in detail below.

The heat exchanger 10b comprises a channel unit 12b. The channel unit 12b is provided for guiding a medium to be heated. The channel unit 12b is completely disposed in a flow area of a fluid. The heat exchanger 10b has a guide unit 14b for guiding the fluid. The guide unit 14b is provided to guide the fluid in a main flow direction 24b, which is opposite to the force acting on the guide unit 14b gravity. However, it is also conceivable in this context that the guide unit 14b is provided to guide the fluid in a main flow direction 24b, which is aligned in the direction of the force acting on the guide unit 14b gravity.

The guide unit 14b comprises at least one, in the present case exactly one, guide element 32b. The guide element 32b is arranged, in particular centrally, in the channel unit 12b. The guide element 32b is at least substantially cylindrical and / or rod-shaped. The guide element 32b extends over an entire main extension length of the channel unit 12b. In the present case, the channel unit 12b extends around the guide element 32b, in particular over an entire main extension length of the channel unit 12b. An outer diameter of the guide element 32b is adapted to an inner diameter of the channel unit 12b, in particular at least when viewed parallel to a main extension direction of the channel unit 12b. The guide element 32b is provided for displacement of the fluid from a central region immediately before entry of the fluid into a heat exchange region 30b of the guide unit 14b. The baffle 32b is thus provided for directing the fluid into the channel unit 12b. The guide element 32b has a rounded end region 34b. The end portion 34b, as viewed along the main flow direction 24b of the fluid, is disposed before entering the heat exchange portion 30b of the guide unit 14b. The end portion 34b of the guide element 32b is hemispherical in shape.

Like in the FIG. 9 As shown, the channel unit 12b comprises a plurality of concentric medium channels. In this embodiment the channel unit 12b comprises exactly ten medium channels, of which only four medium channels 16b, 18b are designated and described here by way of example. The number of medium channels can, of course, vary within a frame that appears appropriate to the person skilled in the art. The medium channels 16b, 18b are arranged concentrically with each other. Each of the medium channels 16b, 18b, when viewed in the main flow direction 24b, has an annular cross section. Each medium channel 16b, 18b has a different diameter. The guide element 32b is arranged concentrically with the medium channels 16b, 18b. Between the medium channels 16b, 18b are alternately fluid flow areas 48b, in which the fluid can flow in the main flow direction 24b, and further medium channels are arranged. Of the fluid flow areas, only two fluid flow areas 48b are designated and described here by way of example.

Two medium channel walls 26b of the channel unit 12b bounding the fluid flow area 48b spatially separate the medium channels 16b for the medium to be heated from the fluid flow area 48b. Two further medium channel walls 28b spatially separate the fluid flow area 48b from the medium channels 18b. The fluid flow region 48b is always arranged directly between two medium channels 16b, 18b or between two medium channel walls 26b, 28b. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are formed of stainless steel. However, it is also conceivable in this connection that the medium channel walls 26b, 28b are formed from another material which appears expedient to the person skilled in the art, in particular from copper or another metal and / or a metal alloy. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are arranged concentrically with each other.

The channel unit 12b includes a first transverse channel 20b. The first transverse channel 20b is provided to fluidly connect the medium channels 16b, 18b with each other. The channel unit 12b includes a second transverse channel 22b. The further transverse channel 22b is provided to fluidly connect the medium channels 16b, 18b with each other. In this exemplary embodiment, the channel unit 12b comprises precisely two transverse channels 20b, 22b, it being conceivable in principle to use even further transverse channels for the fluidic connection of the medium channels 16b, 18b provide. The transverse channels 20b, 22b extend at an angle of 90 ° to each other.

The transverse channel 20b is provided to a supply line of the medium to be heated, more precisely to the supply of hot water. The transverse channel 20b has a cross section which has a shape of a circular area. Like in the FIG. 10 shown in more detail, the transverse channel 20b extends through the medium channels 16b, 18b. More specifically, the transverse channel 20b extends completely through all the medium channels 16b, 18b. The transverse channel 20b extends perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. In other words, an axial direction of the lateral channel 20b is oriented perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. The transverse channel 20b extends in its main extension direction in a radial direction of the channel unit 12b.

The transverse channel 20b is formed by the medium channel walls 26b, 28b of the channel unit 12b. The transverse channel 20b completely penetrates the medium channel walls 26b, 28b of the channel unit 12b. More specifically, the transverse channel 20b completely penetrates all medium channel walls 26b, 28b. The medium channel walls 26b, 28b define the transverse channel 20b in a radial direction of the transverse channel 20b. The transverse channel 20b is directly connected to the medium channels 16b, 18b. The transverse channel 20b is completely disposed within the heat exchange region 30b of the guide unit 14b.

To form the transverse channel 20b, the medium channel walls 26b, 28b are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are soldered together. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the medium channel walls 26b, 28b are welded together. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are connected in the region of the transverse channel 20b cohesively with each other. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are connected to one another via the cross-channel 20b entanglement connection. The material connection is annular.

The further transverse channel 22b is provided for discharging the medium to be heated. The further transverse channel 22b, viewed in the main flow direction 24b of the fluid, is arranged in front of the transverse channel 20b. The other cross channel 22b has a cross section having a shape of a circular area. The further transverse channel 22b extends through the medium channels 16b, 18b. More specifically, the further transverse channel 22b extends completely through all the medium channels 16b, 18b. The further transverse channel 22b extends perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. In other words, an axial direction of the further transverse channel 22b is oriented perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. The further transverse channel 22b extends in its main extension direction in a radial direction of the channel unit 12b.

The further transverse channel 22b is formed by the medium channel walls 26b, 28b of the channel unit 12b. The further transverse channel 22b penetrates the medium channel walls 26b, 28b of the channel unit 12b completely. More specifically, the further transverse channel 22b completely penetrates all medium channel walls 26b, 28b. The medium channel walls 26b, 28b define the further transverse channel 22b in a radial direction of the further transverse channel 22b. The further transverse channel 22b is directly connected to the medium channels 16b, 18b. The further transverse channel 22b is arranged completely within the heat exchange region 30b of the guide unit 14b.

To form the further transverse channel 22b, the medium channel walls 26b, 28b are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are soldered together. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the medium channel walls 26b, 28b are welded together. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are connected to each other in the region of the further transverse channel 22b cohesively. The Mediumkanalwandungen 26b, 28b are connected to one another via the further transverse channel 22b cohesive connection. The material connection is annular. As already explained, the transverse channel 20b and the further transverse channel 22b are aligned in a main extension direction at an angle of 90 ° to each other. The transverse channel 20b and the further transverse channel 22b have at least substantially the same geometric dimensions.

As in the FIGS. 7 to 11 further shown, the heat exchanger 10b comprises a further channel unit 56b, which leads to a guide of another to be heated Medium, more precisely from heating water, is provided. The fluid is intended to heat the further medium to be heated. This takes place indirectly via the medium arranged in the medium channels 16b, 18b. The further channel unit 56b comprises further medium channels. In this exemplary embodiment, the further channel unit 56b comprises six further medium channels, of which only two further medium channels 58b, 60b are described here. The further medium channels 58b, 60b are arranged coaxially with the medium channels 16b, 18b of the channel unit 12b.

Each of the further medium channels 58b, 60b has, viewed in the main flow direction 24b, an annular cross-section. Each of the further medium channels 58b, 60b has a different diameter. The guide element 32b is arranged concentrically to the other medium channels 58b, 60b. In each case two medium channels 16b, 18b and one of the fluid flow regions 48b are arranged between the further medium channels 58b, 60b. The further medium channels 58b, 60b, in each case, perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid, adjoin two medium channels 16b, 18b of the channel unit 12b.

The further channel unit 56b comprises a third transverse channel 62b and a fourth transverse channel 64b. The transverse channels 62b, 64b are provided to fluidly interconnect the further medium channels 58b, 60b.

The further channel unit 56b comprises in this embodiment exactly two transverse channels 62b, 64b, it being conceivable in principle to provide further transverse channels for the fluidic connection of the medium channels 58b, 60b. The transverse channels 62b, 64b extend at an angle of 90 ° to each other. The transverse channels 62b, 64b are arranged at different heights, viewed in the main flow direction 24b of the fluid.

The third transverse channel 62b is provided to a supply line of the medium to be heated, more precisely to the supply of the heating water. The transverse channel 62b has a cross section which has a shape of a circular area. Like in the FIG. 9 shown in more detail, the transverse channel 62b extends through the medium channels 58b, 60b. More specifically, the transverse channel 62b extends completely through all the medium channels 58b, 60b. The transverse channel 62b extends perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. In other words, an axial direction of the lateral channel 62b is aligned perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. The transverse channel 62b extends in its main extension direction in a radial direction of the further channel unit 56b.

The transverse channel 62b is formed by medium channel walls 66b, 68b of the further channel unit 56b, of which only two are described and described by way of example here. The medium channel walls 66b, 68b delimit the medium channels 58b, 60b spatially and fluidically from the medium channels 16b, 18b. The transverse channel 62b completely penetrates the medium channel walls 66b, 68b of the channel unit 56b. More specifically, the cross channel 62b completely penetrates all medium channel walls 66b, 68b. The medium passage walls 66b, 68b define the transverse passage 62b in a radial direction of the transverse passage 62b. The transverse channel 62b is directly connected to the medium channels 58b, 60b. The transverse channel 62b is completely disposed within the heat exchange portion 30b of the guide unit 14b.

To form the transverse channel 62b, the medium channel walls 66b, 68b are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The medium channel walls 66b, 68b are soldered together. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the medium channel walls 66b, 68b are welded together. The Mediumkanalwandungen 66b, 68b are connected to each other in the region of the transverse channel 62b cohesively. The medium channel walls 66b, 68b are connected to one another via a cohesive connection enclosing the transverse channel 62b. The material connection is annular.

The fourth transverse channel 64b is provided for discharging the medium to be heated ( FIG. 11 ). The transverse channel 64b is located in the main flow direction 24b of the fluid in front of the transverse channel 62b. The transverse channel 64b has a cross section having a shape of a circular area. The transverse channel 64b extends through the medium channels 58b, 60b. More specifically, the cross channel 64b extends completely through all the medium channels 58b, 60b. The transverse channel 64b extends perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. In other words, an axial direction of the lateral channel 64b is aligned perpendicular to the main flow direction 24b of the fluid. The transverse channel 64b extends in its main extension direction in a radial direction of the further channel unit 56b.

The fourth transverse channel 64b is formed by the medium channel walls 66b, 68b of the further channel unit 56b. The transverse channel 64b thereby completely penetrates the medium channel walls 66b, 68b of the further channel unit 56b. More specifically, the cross channel 64b completely penetrates all medium channel walls 66b, 68b. The medium channel walls 66b, 68b define the transverse channel 64b in a radial direction of the transverse channel 64b. The transverse channel 64b is directly connected to the medium channels 58b, 60b. The transverse channel 64b is completely disposed within the heat exchange portion 30b of the guide unit 14b.

To form the fourth transverse channel 64b, the medium channel walls 66b, 68b are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The medium channel walls 66b, 68b are soldered together. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the medium channel walls 66b, 68b are welded together. The Mediumkanalwandungen 66b, 68b are connected to each other in the region of the transverse channel 64b cohesively. The Mediumkanalwandungen 66b, 68b are connected to each other via a cross-channel 64b entanglement connection. The material connection is annular. As already explained, the third transverse channel 62b and the fourth transverse channel 64b are aligned in a main extension direction at an angle of 90 ° to each other. The third transverse channel 62b and the fourth transverse channel 64b have at least substantially the same geometric dimensions.

Claims (15)

Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) with at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) for guiding a medium to be heated and at least one guide unit (14a, 14b) for guiding a fluid which is intended to heat the medium to be heated, wherein the at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) comprises at least two concentrically arranged medium channels (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b), characterized in that the at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) has at least one transverse channel (20a, 20b, 22a; 22b), which is intended to fluidly connect the at least two medium channels (16a; 16b, 18a; 18b) with each other. Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one transverse channel (20a; 20b, 22a; 22b) extends at least substantially perpendicular to a main flow direction (24a, 24b) of the fluid. Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one transverse channel (20a, 20b, 22a, 22b) at least partially of at least one Mediumkanalwandung (26a, 26b, 28a, 28b) of the at least one channel unit (12a ; 12b) is formed. Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one channel unit (12a, 12b) comprises at least one medium channel wall (26a, 26b) and at least one further medium channel wall (28a, 28b), at least for formation of the transverse channel (20a, 20b, 22a, 22b) are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one Mediumkanalwandung (26a, 26b) and the at least one further Mediumkanalwandung (28a, 28b) at least over a cross channel (20a, 20b, 22a, 22b) enclosing material connection connected to each other. Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one transverse channel (20a; 20b, 22a; 22b) completely penetrates at least two medium channel walls (26a, 28a) of the channel unit (12a, 12b). Heat exchanger (10a; 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one channel unit (12a; 12b) comprises at least one further transverse channel (22a; 22b) which is provided to connect the at least two medium channels (16a; 18a, 18b) to be connected to one another by fluid technology. Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one transverse channel (20a; 20b, 22a; 22b) is arranged within a heat exchange region (30a; 30b) of the guide unit (14a; 14b). Heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide unit (14a, 14b) comprises at least one guide element (32a, 32b), which leads to a flow division of the fluid, in particular immediately, before an entry of the fluid is provided in a heat exchange region (30a; 30b) of the guide unit (14a; 14b), the at least one guide element (32a; 32b), along a main flow direction (24a; 24b) of the fluid before entering the heat exchange region (30a; 30b). Viewed at least one rounded end portion (34a, 34b). Heat exchanger (10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one further channel unit (56b), which is provided for guiding a further medium to be heated, wherein the fluid is provided to heat the further medium to be heated. Heat exchanger (10b) according to claim 10, characterized in that the at least one further channel unit (56b) at least one further medium channel (58b, 60b) which is coaxial with the at least two medium channels (16b, 18b) of the channel unit (12b) is arranged , Heat exchanger (10b) according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one further medium channel (58b, 60b), viewed perpendicularly to a main flow direction (24b) of the fluid, at least to the at least two medium channels (16b, 18b) of the channel unit (12b). borders. Heat exchanger (10b) at least according to claim 10, characterized in that the at least one further channel unit (56b) at least two concentrically arranged further medium channels (58b, 60b), wherein the at least one further channel unit (56b) at least one further transverse channel (62b , 64b), which is intended to fluidly connect the at least two further medium channels (58b, 60b). Heating system (36a), with at least one heat exchanger (10a, 10b) according to one of claims 1 to 13. Heating system (36a) according to claim 14, characterized by at least one fluid line (38a; 38b, 40a; 40b) which is provided to supply the fluid to the heat exchanger (10a; 10b), wherein a maximum flow cross-section of the heat exchanger (10a; 10b) at least substantially corresponds to a maximum flow cross-section of the fluid line (38a, 38b, 40a, 40b).

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