EP3296073B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc d'une pallette - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc d'une pallette Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3296073B1
EP3296073B1 EP17185894.7A EP17185894A EP3296073B1 EP 3296073 B1 EP3296073 B1 EP 3296073B1 EP 17185894 A EP17185894 A EP 17185894A EP 3296073 B1 EP3296073 B1 EP 3296073B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
manufacture
mdf
chips
chipboard
Prior art date
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EP17185894.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3296073A1 (fr
Inventor
Dariusz Cezary BIERYLO
Marek CZARNIECKI
Tomasz BARTLOMIEJCZUK
Radoslaw WIERZBICKI
Slawomir SAJEWICZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
"3s Logistyka" Sp Z OO Spolka Komandytowa
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"3s Logistyka" Sp Z OO Spolka Komandytowa
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Priority to PL17185894T priority Critical patent/PL3296073T3/pl
Publication of EP3296073A1 publication Critical patent/EP3296073A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/02—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
    • B65D19/40—Elements for spacing platforms from supporting surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00109—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of processing the wooden materials. Specifically, the invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a pallet block
  • Pallet blocks are used as spacing elements in pallets for transportation of goods.
  • Pallet blocks for the EPAL pallet (the so called EURO-pallet) must fulfil requirements of the EU standard No. EN 13698-1, which describes production requirements concerning flat wooden pallets with dimensions of 800 mm x 1200 mm, 1200 mm x 1000 mm, 1000 mm x 1200 mm, 800 mm x 600 mm.
  • the standard states detailed technical parameters to be met by a pallet block to be employed in the EURO-pallet.
  • the EPAL - European Pallet Association is an organization which ascertains compliance of pallets and pallet blocks with the above-indicated standard.
  • Prior art conventional pallet chip blocks, as well as chipboards, are manufactured by employing less valuable wood assortments, and the manufacture thereof is aimed at utilizing by-products from the manufacture of planks. In this way, products are made from wood waste materials.
  • logs of smaller diameters originating from thinning operations, various wood sorts, industrial wood and the like are employed for the production.
  • pallet chip blocks are manufactured mainly from materials originating from processing of wood in sawmills. Some manufacturers of the pallet chip blocks have their plants located in the vicinity of sawmills.
  • the still better and more efficient wood processing technology allows to extend use of recyclable waste wood for the manufacture of wood-based articles.
  • the recyclable waste wood comprises a material put to use as a recyclable material.
  • WO2003013812 discloses a device and process for the manufacture of small blocks from wooden chips by compounding said wooden chips with an agglomerating material.
  • composite blocks are also known.
  • the document US20070017422 discloses pallets comprising block elements containing at least 20% by weight of particles of a natural material and at least 20% by weight of particles of a plastic material.
  • the natural material comprises comminuted fragments of coniferous trees and juniper, derived from roots, trunks, branches, needles, wood slivers and mixtures thereof.
  • particles of a plastic material comprise the material selected from polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, PVC, poly(ethylene terephthalate), nylon and mixtures thereof.
  • Pallet blocks of glued layers are also known.
  • US20060005746 discloses pallet blocks of plywood (a laminate containing wooden components).
  • gluing means or aggregating substances are used for the manufacture of pallet blocks.
  • Exemplary gluing means also defined as adhesives, tackifiers or binding means, known from the prior art are listed below:
  • the glue sets on heating after a curing agent is added.
  • the glue is used mainly for the manufacture of wood-based boards for indoor applications, furniture, panels.
  • the joint lacks resistance to moisture, and weather conditions.
  • a melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF).
  • glue melamine is employed instead of urea.
  • Melamine resins are more stable and temperature-resistant than urea resins. Due to their use, joints resistant to high temperatures can be obtained.
  • the melamine-formaldehyde combination is incomparably more durable than the urea-formaldehyde combination.
  • Phenol is the main component of the glue. Bonding takes place at very high temperatures. Gluing and setting is also performed by heat delivery and adding a curing agent. Phenolic resins are used for gluing V 100 and V 100 G boards. They enjoy authorization according to a DIN standard. Only slight amounts of formaldehyde are evolved from these boards due to strong chemical bonds.
  • Isocyanate glues are unary adhesives used without addition of water or other solvents, with no formaldehyde added. In the case of diisocyanate-based glues chemical bonds with water contained in wood and cellulose, and lignin, take place. Such glues are largely used for the manufacture of chipboards free of the formaldehyde content.
  • MUF is mostly used.
  • Use of MUF is essential, as the glues used have to satisfy requirements of the DIN EN 13698-1 standard due to requirements of the EPAL.
  • the amount of liberated formaldehyde is defined there at the level of ⁇ 0,1 ml per m 3 of air in accordance with the test method ENV 717-1, corresponding to the E 1 class.
  • materials in a form of wood waste such as softwood and suitably prepared wood chips and MUF glues are used in the first place.
  • MDF Medium Density Fibreboard
  • HDF High Density Fibreboard
  • wood fibers are glued to one another with a bonding agent, such as the melamine resin.
  • a bonding agent such as the melamine resin.
  • Such bonding is obtained, for example, by the use of the uncured melamine resin, which is set between the wood fibers.
  • Such molded articles would contain, for example, 85% of the wood fibers, 13% of the cured melamine resin and 2% of additives which have an effect on joining or bonding the melamine resin and the wood fibers.
  • the MDF or HDF-made molded articles are often machined, for example such as by sanding, grinding, milling, boring or sawing.
  • fine particles are generated which contain the wood fibers with the cured bonding agent, and the wood fibers with the cured melamine resin, so-called HDF or MDF dust, or so-called fine HDF or MDF grains, which constitute the waste to be utilized.
  • PW chipboard
  • Another non-utilized product is also a chipboard (PW), which is one of the products widely used in the furniture-making and building industry, and which is made from wooden material in the form of wooden chips, sawmill slivers, or even sawdust, being formed into the highly packed articles by use of a synthetic resin or a suitable adhesive, such as resins discussed hereinabove.
  • a synthetic resin or a suitable adhesive such as resins discussed hereinabove.
  • scrap products from a chipboard or containing a chipboard. Recycling of the PW-derived material is a very complex task and as a rule requires chemical and thermal treatment of a material containing wood particulates/wood fibers bound with a resin (see, for example, US 2003/0056873 and references quoted therein).
  • Such boards are often melamine-coated.
  • waste material from PW and/or MDF/HDF was never disclosed as a material likely to be used for the manufacture of pallet blocks.
  • Document US2003056873A1 which represents the closest prior art, discloses a process for the manufacture of the fiberboard, which comprises the steps of: (a) preparing chips from the source material,(b) charging the chips prepared in the step (a) and secondary comminution thereof, (c) drying the fibers of the step (b), (d) buffering the fibers of the step (b) and metering thereof, (e) gluing fibers with the urea-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin mixture (MUF), (f) compression molding of the glued fibers into the form of boards, wherein for the manufacture of the chips in the step (a) the material of the chipboard waste or HDF or MDF board (particleboard, fibreboard) waste is used as a source material.
  • the material of the chipboard waste or HDF or MDF board (particleboard, fibreboard) waste is used as a source material.
  • Document DE10124638A1 discloses a proces s for the preparation of tannin-bound lignocellulose plates from used chipboard and fibreboard, wherein crushed products from used plates with tannin solutions in concentration between 1% and 30% are dried in the temperature range between 70° C and 200° C, spread into mats and hot pressed.
  • the present inventors found unexpectedly that the manufacture of the pallet blocks can be much cheaper and absorb less energy, when the waste in the form of the chipboard, MDF and HDF waste and the dust originating from the chipboard waste is used for the manufacture of the pallet blocks.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a process of utilization of the material derived from the chipboard and/or MDF/HDF waste for the manufacture the pallet blocks for the pallets, the EURO-pallet in particular, and obtaining the block meeting the requirements of the EPAL manufactured by said process.
  • the disclosure provides the pallet block with a density in the range of 600-750 kg/m 3 comprising the material in the form of particles glued with the binding material in the form of a urea-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin mixture (MUF) characterized in that the content of the MDF and/or HDF waste in the particulate material is from 10 to 30% by weight, and the content of the chipboard waste is from 70 to 90% by weight.
  • MDF and/or HDF waste in the particulate material is from 10 to 30% by weight
  • the content of the chipboard waste is from 70 to 90% by weight.
  • the content of the chipboard waste in the particulate material is 75-80%.
  • the content of the chipboard waste in the particulate material is 78%.
  • the content of the MDF and/or HDF board waste in the particulate material is 20-25%.
  • the content of the MDF and/or HDF board waste in the particulate material is 22%.
  • the invention provides a process for the manufacture of the pallet block as defined in claim 1.
  • chipboard content in the particulate material is 75-80%, and more preferably from 78%.
  • content of the MDF and/or HDF board waste in the particulate material is 20-30%, and more preferably 12%.
  • the drying step is performed in a belt drier.
  • the disclosure provides a pallet block used for the manufacture of transport pallets, including the EPAL system pallets, manufactured from the chipboard and MDF/HDF waste material.
  • the disclosure provides also a technology and manufacture recipe for a pallet block, including the EPAL system pallets, by employing the recycled raw material and the MDF/HDF waste at 30%.
  • the blocks according to the disclosure have, among other things, a sufficiently smooth surface, practically stable strength, practically stable hardness, sufficient elasticity, sufficient durability, limited water permeability, limited and relatively slow water absorption and sufficient fastness to water.
  • the blocks are suitable, among other things, for use in the EURO-pallets, as they meet requirements of the EN-13698-1 standard within the scope of: the boiling, density, swelling, nail withdrawal tests, the formaldehyde test, reproducibility.
  • waste material means, in particular, the material obtained from recovered (recycled) chipboards, e.g. from old furniture.
  • manufacture of the blocks is cheaper than for the standard blocks.
  • the manufacture of the blocks is based on an innovative technology. Individual components correspond to the up-to-date chipboard production technology.
  • the manufacturing process diagram is shown on Fig. 1 and described below.
  • a processing line for the manufacture of blocks according to the disclosure employs standard equipment for the manufacture of chipboards:
  • the waste material is collected.
  • the incoming residual materials composed of coarser MDF/HDF elements and chipboard cuttings, are stored in the shop separately divided into types of materials, wherein the finer material is transferred from the truck directly onto the stacking yard close by a material feeder.
  • the coarser waste fractions are delivered to crushers and comminuted therein into small flakes. Possible metallic residues are removed with a magnet arranged above a belt.
  • the obtained chips are stored separately according to the type of the material.
  • a wheeled loader delivers them to the material feeder, where they are mixed.
  • the required recipe is completed, i.e. the required ratios of the mixture of the chipboard waste - and MDF/HDF waste are prepared. This is the so-called “manufacturing of the chips" step.
  • the flakes from the material feeder are fed onto a sieve. Possible coarser fractions are separated at this site.
  • the useful material is sent to a metering container. From there it is metered to a beater mill, where the material particles are comminuted to the required final size. Before that, in a cleaning unit, the flakes are purified from other foreign materials.
  • the comminuted material is transported with the aid of a conveyor to a subsequent metering container.
  • the container serves the function of uniform loading to a belt drier.
  • the material With the defined parameters of the temperature and drier passage time the material is dried to reach the desired wood humidity.
  • the outlet humidity is measured in a constant manner. If necessary, automatic correction of the equipment parameters is made based on the measurement data.
  • the material which is too fine or too coarse is separated by means of a vibratory sieve.
  • the fine fractions are passed to the energy-producing unit, and the coarse fractions are passed to the material storage at the beginning of the processing line.
  • the suitable fractions of the material are passed to a silo.
  • a metering silo From the silo, conveyers transfer it to a metering silo. Its function is the delivery of precisely metered amounts to a gluing machine. In accordance to the amount of the material, additives are added such as a glue, curing agent and emulsion (paraffin) according to the scheduled recipe, and intensive mixing takes place. Preparation and metering of the individual components is carried out in a mixing-metering device.
  • the chip mixture prepared in this way is transferred by a chain conveyor to 3 extruders.
  • Metering containers arranged upstream will smooth small deviations.
  • the material is set with the aid of the pressure and temperature. Steam is delivered to accelerate the process. Parameters of the compression molding are set according to the given recipe.
  • Molds are mounted in the extruder for every scheduled size. Strips are produced of the sizes of 145 x145mm and 100 x 145mm. Other sizes are possible.
  • the strips After leaving the press, the strips are cut with automatic saws to the required height of 78 mm and passed to the quality control. The weight and dimensions are controlled. Blocks that do not meet the requirement are automatically removed and reprocessed.
  • a processing line can be equipped with aspirating devices for collecting chips and dust across the entire process and delivering them to a dust storage silo.
  • the silo can deliver the dust to be a fuel for providing supply to the processing line, i.e. a part of the energy will be recovered.
  • additional fuel can be delivered to the dust storage silo by a material feeder.
  • the solution is based on the fact that for the manufacture of the pallet blocks, a mixture of the chipboard waste, i.e. the recycled chipboard, with the initial structure of pieces (chips), is combined with the waste (fibers) from the manufacture of the MDF / HDF boards.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 show the structure of the chipboard waste and MDF/HDF board waste prior to the processing.
  • Both of the stocks have different properties, with MDF fibers having greater propensity for swelling. It is an important feature, as swelling of the chip pallet blocks is one of the essential quality requirements. It is determined by both the structure of the particles used and the gluing and proportion of a hydrophobizing agent.
  • chipboard waste mixture with the HDF/MDF waste for the manufacture of the pallet blocks is non-obvious, since it was considered to date that due to presence of an already hardened bonding agent, such as the set melamine resin, such particles are unsuitable for re-gluing to a molded article, as indicated hereinabove.
  • the Example below illustrates the manufacture of a pallet block from the chipboard scraps processed into chips with the admixture of the comminuted MDF/HDF production waste within the defined weight ratio.
  • reclaimed chipboard waste with a finishing coat Fig. 1
  • MDF/HDF board waste Fig. 2
  • the chipboards had the following parameters: Thickness: 6 mm do 36 mm Density of the material: 650 to 680 Kg/m 3 Packing: 400 Kg/m 3 Moisture content: 11,2%
  • the MDF/HDF boards consisting in about 22% of raw boards, 45% of laminated boards, and 33% of lacquered boards, had the following parameters: Thickness in the range: 1,5 mm to 36 mm Density of the material: from 750 to 850 Kg/m 3 Packing: 500 Kg/m 3 Moisture content: 15%
  • Preparation i.e.: mixing (the so-called "manufacturing of the chips” step), comminuting and drying of the above-indicated raw material was performed at the test stand as above.
  • the tested materials according to the scheduled process, were mixed before the preparation step, to result in the following mixtures: Sample 1 10 % MDF/HDF 90 % PW Sample 2 20 % MDF/HDF 80 % PW Sample 3 30 % MDF/HDF 70 % PW
  • the chip-shaped material was dried until the mean humidity at the level of 7% of the material (timber plus other materials) was obtained. Further processing of the chips was performed on the test stand in the German laboratory.
  • the chips were blended, fed into extruders and the product was cut to the suitable lengths.
  • the test equipment including a gluing device and a saw for cutting the final product to the predetermined length was used to this end.
  • a commercial MUF glue (the liquid Kauramin 610 glue from BASF) was used for gluing.
  • As a curing agent ammonium nitrate at the concentration of 40% and an emulsion in the form of paraffin was used.
  • Sample 1 Sample 2
  • Sample 3 Glue consumption: about 60 kg/ m 3 about 70 kg/m 3 about 80 kg/m 3
  • Curing agent about 1,7 kg/m 3 2,0 kg/m 3 2, 3 kg/m 3
  • Emulsion about 15 kg /m 3 about 20 kg /m 3 about 25 kg /m 3
  • Elements were manufactured in the form of strips. Elements obtained in the form of the strips are shown at Fig. 7 and 8 . Elements with dimensions of 100 x 145 mm x 78 mm and 145 x 145 mm x 78 mm were cut from the strips.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Un procédé de fabrication du bloc de palette avec la densité dans la plage de 600-750 kg/m3 comprenant un matériau particulaire collé avec un matériau de liaison, ledit matériau de liaison étant sous la forme d'un mélange de résine urée-formaldéhyde et de résine mélamine-formaldéhyde (MUF), où le matériau particulaire contient des déchets de panneaux de particules de bois en quantités de 70 à 90% en poids et des déchets de MDF ou de HDF en quantités de 10 à 30% en poids, qui comprend les étapes consistant à:
    (a) préparer des particules de bois à partir du matériau source,
    (b) charger les particules de bois préparées à l'étape (a) et les fragmenter secondairement,
    (c) sécher les particules de bois de l'étape (b),
    (d) tamiser les particules de bois préparées dans l'étape (c),
    (e) tamponner les particules de bois de l'étape (d) et les doser,
    (f) coller les particules de bois avec le mélange de résine urée-formaldéhyde et de résine mélamine-formaldéhyde (MUF),
    (g) moulage par compression des particules de bois collées sous forme de bandes, les bandes étant coupées dans le sens de la longueur des blocs,
    (h) conditionnement et stockage des blocs préparés à l'étape (g), où pour la fabrication des particules de bois dans l'étape (a), le matériau des déchets de panneaux de particules de bois et de déchets de panneaux HDF ou MDF est utilisé en tant que matériau source, la teneur en panneaux de particules de bois étant comprise entre 70 à 90% et la teneur en déchets de panneaux MDF ou HDF étant entre 10 à 30% en poids, où les panneaux de particules de bois et les déchets HDF/MDF comprennent un agent de liaison déjà durci, tel que la résine mélamine durcie.
  2. Le procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en panneaux de particules de bois dans le matériau source est comprise entre 75 à 80% en poids.
  3. Le procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en panneaux de particules de bois dans le matériau source est comprise entre 78% à 80% en poids.
  4. Le procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en déchets de panneaux MDF ou HDF dans le matériau source est comprise entre 20 à 30% en poids.
  5. Le procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en déchets de panneaux MDF ou HDF dans le matériau source est de 12% en poids.
  6. Le procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de séchage est réalisée dans un séchoir à bande.
EP17185894.7A 2016-08-12 2017-08-11 Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc d'une pallette Active EP3296073B1 (fr)

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PL17185894T PL3296073T3 (pl) 2016-08-12 2017-08-11 Klocek paletowy i sposób jego wytwarzania

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SE543038C2 (en) * 2018-04-24 2020-09-29 Ikea Supply Ag Fiberboard and method of forming a fiberboard
DE102018112749A1 (de) * 2018-05-28 2019-11-28 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Verbundwerkstoffen und eine Werkstoffplatte aus zerkleinerten Verbundwerkstoffen
DE102019125358B4 (de) * 2019-09-20 2021-09-23 Martin Gördes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs
DE102021001806B3 (de) * 2021-04-08 2022-09-22 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Werkstoffplatte
IT202200008444A1 (it) * 2022-04-28 2023-10-28 Casalboni Marco Processo e impianto di produzione di blocchetti distanziatori di due assi di un pallet a partire da prodotti in legno di risulta quali segatura, truciolare e simili e metodo di realizzare un pallet
CN117700934A (zh) * 2023-12-11 2024-03-15 宁夏中弘新材料科技有限公司 一种复合材料模压制品及其制备方法、系统

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GB9625068D0 (en) * 1996-12-02 1997-01-22 Marlit Ltd Method for production of lignocellulosic composite materials
GB9928554D0 (en) * 1999-12-02 2000-02-02 Enigma Nv Production of high added value products from wastes
DE10124638A1 (de) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-21 Edmone Roffael Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Tanninformaldehydharzen gebundenen Holzspan-und Holzfaserplatten
DE102004008822A1 (de) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-22 IHD Institut für Holztechnologie Dresden gGmbH Isolierstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
GB2476465B (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-11-23 Arthur James New Recycling Technology
DE102012204238B4 (de) * 2012-03-16 2017-06-08 Technische Universität Dresden Verwendung wasserlöslicher stickstoff- und phosphorhaltiger Polysaccharidderivate als Flammschutzmittel, Holzverbundwerkstoff mit verbesserten Flammschutzeigenschaften sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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