EP3295211A1 - Procédé de détection de fluides mesurant l'onde ultrasonore réfléchie sur une surface externe du boîtier - Google Patents
Procédé de détection de fluides mesurant l'onde ultrasonore réfléchie sur une surface externe du boîtierInfo
- Publication number
- EP3295211A1 EP3295211A1 EP16726361.5A EP16726361A EP3295211A1 EP 3295211 A1 EP3295211 A1 EP 3295211A1 EP 16726361 A EP16726361 A EP 16726361A EP 3295211 A1 EP3295211 A1 EP 3295211A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- waves
- amplitude
- front face
- cells
- wave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/539—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
- G01F23/2961—Acoustic waves for discrete levels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
- G01F23/2962—Measuring transit time of reflected waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
- G01F23/2965—Measuring attenuation of transmitted waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
- G01N29/032—Analysing fluids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/04—Systems determining presence of a target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of fluids by ultrasound, as well as a device implementing such a method.
- fluids which can be liquid or gaseous, possibly with the presence of several mixed or laminated fluids.
- the presence or the level of liquids, or the proportions of several types of liquids can be detected in a mixture which is homogeneous or laminated.
- the fluid can be loaded with solid waste which disturb the operation of the detection devices.
- water treatment in urban areas includes a sewage system that recovers sewage from homes and sends them to a treatment plant, which also receives rainwater in some cases.
- the regulation imposes a monitoring of the quantities of water discharged into the nature in the event of overflow, in particular the number of overflows and their durations, with penalties that can be attached to them. It is therefore necessary a reliable measuring means to perform this detection of water discharge.
- One type of known detection means uses a sensor with a technology of the capacitive type, which measures the variation of the permittivity of the medium with which it is in contact. forming the dielectric. Indeed the permittivity of the water being very different from that of the air, one can easily detect the presence of the liquid.
- Low-cost, low-power detection means are provided which can make it energy-independent for measurement and data transmission with a built-in battery or battery.
- Another type of known detection means uses mechanical sensors, including in particular a float rising on the surface of the liquid with a measurement of the height of this float, or a closed tube containing a water column whose underside is immersed in the liquid, with a measure of the pressure in this tube.
- This type of sensor is economical and has low energy consumption, however it is also sensitive to the presence of waste that easily disrupt its operation.
- hydraulic problems can arise. For example, in the case of a liquid level close to the detection threshold of the float, slight variations in the surface caused by eddies or waves can lead to multiple detections.
- resistive sensors comprising two spaced-apart conductive electrodes arranged in the volume receiving the overflow water. Since the water has a much lower resistivity than air, the measurement of the current flowing between the electrodes indicates the presence of the liquid.
- Another type of known detection means uses ultrasonic sensors which measure the travel time, also called the flight time, put by an ultrasonic wave emitted by this sensor to reach the surface of the liquid and return to him. By sending series of short ultrasonic pulses that propagate at the speed of sound in the air, we obtain the distance traveled which is proportional to the measured flight time.
- the measurement of the liquid level is disturbed by the presence of foam or eddy on the surface.
- the sanitation networks often have a surface scum, this scum has the effect of absorbing the signal emitted by the sensor, preventing detection of the level.
- the present invention is intended to avoid these disadvantages of the prior art.
- An advantage of this method of detecting the presence of fluids is that the ultrasonic wave is transmitted with different amplitudes with respect to its emission, in the front face of the housing and in the materials of the external environment of this front face, because of the different acoustic impedances of these materials, by measuring the amplitude of the received waves reflected on the external surface of the front face which constitutes a controlled and stable wall in time forming a reference, it can be deduced by taking the ratio of the amplitude received on that emitted, the part of the wave which has been transmitted in the external environment and thus the nature of the materials of this medium.
- the method provides reliable information on the presence of water, regardless of the fouling of the detection box.
- the method for detecting the presence of fluids according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, which may be combined with one another.
- the detection method may advantageously automatically adjust the measurement of the amplitude of the waves received in return as a function of the temperature measured at the front face. This thus makes it possible to compensate for the variation of this amplitude due to the modification of the acoustic impedance of the constituent material of the front face as a function of the temperature. This results in a constant quality detection over a wide temperature range.
- the detection method may advantageously measure the time taken for the return on the reflected wave cells in the external medium, to deduce distances of different surfaces separating fluids from this medium. This gives the same system additional indications on fluid levels.
- the method calculates the thickness of a fouling layer deposited on the front face, by measuring the time taken for the return on the reflected wave cells on the surface of this layer. It is easy to remotely monitor the clogging of the device to provide maintenance.
- the method can measure the amplitude of the waves received in return from the reflection on surfaces of the external medium, and compare it to that of the waves emitted.
- the method measures the number or duration of water flows in a spillway of a stormwater flow conduit.
- a reliable measure is obtained over time to follow the evolution of spills in relation to the requirements of the regulations.
- the subject of the invention is also a device for detecting the presence of fluids in an external medium, comprising means a detection method comprising any one of the preceding features.
- the device comprises a sealed housing containing the cells.
- the device can then be disposed without damage at a submergible location.
- the cells are applied to the inner surface of the front face transmitting the ultrasonic waves.
- the device may comprise two independent cells performing one emission and the other receiving ultrasonic waves.
- the front face is formed in a plastic material of the "PVC" polyvinyl chloride type.
- This economical material which can be molded easily, has an acoustic impedance very different from the air which facilitates the measurement of the amplitude of the wave reflected on the outer surface of the front face.
- the device comprises, in a same housing containing the cells, means for measuring the amplitude of the reflected waves, and means for transmitting the results of the measurement to the outside.
- the device comprises measurement and adjustment means for adjusting the amplitude of the waves received in return as a function of the temperature measured at the front face. This makes it possible to compensate the variation of the amplitude resulting from the modification of the acoustic impedance of the constituent material of the front face as a function of the temperature.
- the invention furthermore relates to a stormwater spillway receiving overflow water from a rainwater flow conduit, having a surge water detection device comprising any of the above features.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively front and sectional views along the sectional plane 11-11 of a housing of a detection device according to the invention comprising a single cell carrying out the emission and reception of ultrasonic waves;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a spillway of a rainwater network, having a detection device according to the invention
- FIG. 4 is a diagram of a detection device according to the invention, comprising two cells carrying out one transmission and the other receiving ultrasound waves;
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams for a case without fouling, the amplitude of the waves emitted and received respectively in the air and in the liquid;
- FIGS 7 and 8 are diagrams for a case with fouling, the amplitude of the waves emitted and received respectively in the air and in the liquid.
- FIGS 1 and 2 show an ultrasonic sensor 2 comprising a sealed housing comprising the front side indicated by the arrow "AV", a front face 8 transmitting ultrasonic waves, having an outer surface 12 intended to come into contact with a fluid.
- the rear face of the housing 2 has two lateral lugs 4 each having a bore 6, allowing it to be fastened flat on a support.
- the housing comprises inside a piezoelectric cell 10 bonded to the inner surface of the front face 8, which emits ultrasonic waves 14 through this front face to the fluid, and which receives the waves reflected back.
- An electronic card 16 connected to the piezoelectric cell 10, generates the electrical activation signal of this cell which emits the ultrasonic wave, and receives back the electric signal produced by this cell with the return of the reflections of this wave.
- the electronic card 16 also comprises means for processing the signal received to perform a processing, and means of communication to the outside which can use a connecting cable 18, or means without physical connection such as radiofrequency waves.
- a temperature sensor 17 is connected to the electronic card 16 to measure the temperature of the material of the front face 8, said electronic card 16 comprising adjustment means allowing to adjust the amplitude (A) of the reflected waves as a function of the temperature measured at the front face 8.
- the housing has inside a temperature sensor 20 connected to the electronic card 16, which measures the ambient temperature.
- the housing is made of a solid material resistant to external elements, sealing.
- the front face of the housing 8 is made of a material transmitting ultrasonic waves, such as a plastic material, a complex polymer material or a metallic material.
- a material having a thickness which may be of the order of a few millimeters is used, having an acoustic impedance close to that of the liquid to be measured in the case of a liquid detection, and remote from that air or gas present, to facilitate the detection of this liquid.
- the housing can be made in particular by molding a plastic material such as a "PVC” polyvinyl chloride, a silicone, an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene “ABS” or a polyetheretherketone “PEEK”, which allows in a single molding to achieve economically the different forms of this case.
- a plastic material such as a "PVC” polyvinyl chloride, a silicone, an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene “ABS” or a polyetheretherketone “PEEK”
- the principle used by the ultrasonic sensor 2 comprises the emission of an ultrasonic wave 40 by the cell 10, which is partly transmitted externally to the medium containing the fluids, and partly reflected 42 on the outer surface of the housing 12.
- the amplitude of the wave 14 transmitted in this medium is very small, and the amplitude of the reflected wave 42 is then close to that
- the amplitude of the transmitted wave 14 is large, and the amplitude of the reflected wave 42 is then very small compared to the transmitted wave 40.
- the outer surface of the housing 12 is a reference surface that does not change over time, regardless of the fluids on the outside, and the fouling deposited on this surface.
- the front face 8 made of PVC which has the advantage of giving a ratio of the acoustic impedances of the water with respect to this material which is 2.1, whereas the ratio of the air with respect to this material is 7600. The great difference between these ratios makes it possible to obtain amplitudes of reflected waves very far apart.
- Figure 3 shows a storm weir on a rainwater flow conduit 22 receiving water upstream 24 to discharge downstream 26 to a purification plant.
- the flow conduit 22 is sufficient to evacuate this flow with a level not reaching the top of a partition wall 28.
- An ultrasonic overflow sensor 2 is fixed in the parallel channel 30 on the partition wall 28, a little below the top of this partition, so as to face the opposite wall of this channel. In the event of a sufficiently strong thunderstorm, the overflow of water outside the flow duct 22 filling the parallel channel 30 is detected by the overflow sensor 2.
- FIG. 4 shows, as a variant, a sensor comprising a front face 8 having the outer surface 12 facing the external medium 44, which in this example comprises a gas, and an inner surface formed by two inclined facets arranged symmetrically with respect to a perpendicular to this surface. external.
- a transmitting cell 10a sending the transmitted wave 40 on the outer surface 12, and on the second facet a receiving cell 10b receiving the reflected wave 42 on this outer surface.
- the two transmitting cells 10a and receiving 10b are connected to the electronic card 16.
- the operating principle of this sensor comprising two separate cells remains the same.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 show on the horizontal axis the displacement D of the ultrasonic wave coming from the cell 10, which first passes through the front face of the casing 8 forming a solid, then leaves this casing towards the outside medium 44 perpendicular to the outer surface 12.
- the amplitude of the waves is indicated by the height of the drawn wave reported on the vertical axis A.
- the method of detecting the presence of fluids is as follows. The cell 10 emits a wave 40 having an amplitude of 100%.
- the external medium 44 is composed of the ambient air having a very strong acoustic impedance, the amplitude of the wave transmitted in this medium 14 is very small. On the other hand, the amplitude of the reflected wave 42 returning to the cell 10 is important.
- the method then performs a measurement of the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave 42 to that of the transmitted wave 40, to obtain the percentage represented by this reflected wave. It can be deduced for a very high percentage that the external medium 44 is the ambient air. This percentage is then automatically adapted by the adjustment means of the electronic card 16 as a function of the temperature measured by the sensor 17.
- the outer medium 44 is composed of water coming directly into contact with the outer surface 12 which is clean.
- the amplitude of the wave transmitted in the water 14 is strong, equal to about two-thirds of that of the transmitted wave 40.
- the amplitude of the reflected wave 42 is then equal to substantially one-third of that of the emitted wave 40.
- the method then performing the measurement of the ratio of the reflected wave 42 on the transmitted wave 40, obtains a ratio of about 33%. It is deduced that the external medium 44 is water.
- the transmitted wave 14 in the external medium 44 can then be reflected on a surface opposite to the outer surface 12, being at a variable distance, especially in the case of the parallel channel 30, and return to the cell 10.
- the method knowing the thickness of the front face of the housing 8 and the speed of propagation of the wave in this front face takes into account only the reflected wave 42 on the outer surface 12 which returns to the cell 10 with a predetermined time that does not change. It does not take into account a possible reflection on a surface of the external environment 44 returning later.
- the outer surface 12 constitutes a reference forming for the transmitted wave 40 an invariable geometry, independent of the external environment that can be composite comprising several liquids or gases, and have adjustable shapes with for example a variable water level.
- the temperature probe 20 disposed in the housing makes it possible to correct the speed of propagation of the wave in the materials as a function of their temperature, in order to improve the accuracy of the distance measurements.
- the outer surface 12 first receives a fouling layer 52 having a surface 50 which is in contact with the external medium 44 consisting of air.
- the fouling layer 52 may in particular comprise dead leaves or vegetable waste carried by the rainwater, being deposited progressively on the outer surface of the housing 12, which can maintain an internal humidity a certain time after stopping the water. flow of water into the external environment 44.
- a second wave is then reflected on the surface of the fouling layer 50, which has a strong amplitude because of the small amplitude of the wave 14 transmitted in the air of the external medium 44. It is deduced from FIG. measuring these amplitudes with respect to that of the emitted wave 40, the presence of a wet fouling layer 52, then the absence of water in the external medium 44.
- the outer surface 12 has a fouling layer 52 having a surface 50 in contact with the external medium 44 consisting of water.
- a first reflected wave 42 is then returned to the cell 10 on the outer surface of the housing 12 which has a relatively small amplitude, substantially equal to one third of the transmitted wave 40.
- a very reliable detection method is obtained, independent of fouling of the sensor, which facilitates its installation and maintenance, as well as the level of quality of the information given.
- it can be used for a rainwater weir, avoiding measurement errors and the costs they may incur.
- the housing which is advantageously sealed has no fragile element in contact with the outside environment, nor any mechanical element in motion, which makes it a robust assembly.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1554224A FR3036190A1 (fr) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | Procede de detection de fluides mesurant l’onde ultrasonore reflechie sur une surface externe du boitier |
FR1556785A FR3036191B1 (fr) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-07-17 | Procede de detection de fluides mesurant l’onde ultrasonore reflechie sur une surface externe du boitier |
PCT/FR2016/051091 WO2016181063A1 (fr) | 2015-05-12 | 2016-05-10 | Procédé de détection de fluides mesurant l'onde ultrasonore réfléchie sur une surface externe du boîtier |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3295211A1 true EP3295211A1 (fr) | 2018-03-21 |
Family
ID=55022519
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16726361.5A Withdrawn EP3295211A1 (fr) | 2015-05-12 | 2016-05-10 | Procédé de détection de fluides mesurant l'onde ultrasonore réfléchie sur une surface externe du boîtier |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3295211A1 (fr) |
FR (2) | FR3036190A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016181063A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114994170B (zh) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-01-03 | 浙江大学 | 一种利用超声波测量污泥含水率的系统和方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3732219A1 (de) * | 1987-09-24 | 1989-04-13 | Siemens Ag | Anwendung des verfahrens zur elektromagnetischen ultraschall-wandlung zur ueberwachung von fuellhoehe und blasenbildung in fluessigkeit enthaltenden umschliessungen |
DE4033975A1 (de) * | 1989-10-26 | 1991-05-08 | Aisin Seiki | Regentropfensensor |
FR2676202B1 (fr) * | 1991-05-10 | 1997-01-17 | Dynamad Sa | Dispositif de nettoyage a commande automatique notamment pour pare-brise de vehicule automobile. |
FR2749401B1 (fr) * | 1996-05-30 | 1998-08-07 | Asulab Sa | Dispositif de detection ultrasonore destine a la detection de corps etrangers presents a la surface d'une vitre |
FR2949571B1 (fr) | 2009-08-27 | 2011-12-23 | Lacroix Sofrel | Dispositif de detection de la presence d'eau |
FR2982362B1 (fr) * | 2011-11-09 | 2014-10-03 | Ijinus | Dispositif avec antenne capacitive pour mesurer un niveau de liquide |
GB2509914A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-23 | Cygnus Instr Ltd | Device for detecting flooding of a hollow structure |
JP6238156B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-23 | 2017-11-29 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 車両用物体検知装置 |
-
2015
- 2015-05-12 FR FR1554224A patent/FR3036190A1/fr active Pending
- 2015-07-17 FR FR1556785A patent/FR3036191B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-05-10 WO PCT/FR2016/051091 patent/WO2016181063A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2016-05-10 EP EP16726361.5A patent/EP3295211A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3036191B1 (fr) | 2019-06-07 |
FR3036190A1 (fr) | 2016-11-18 |
FR3036191A1 (fr) | 2016-11-18 |
WO2016181063A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 |
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