EP3293747A1 - Switching device with a device for a reliable switch position indicator for welded contacts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switching device having a device for reliable switching position indication in welded contacts with an actuating mechanism which has an actuating element and via a first transmission mechanism with a switching mechanism (11) is in operative connection, which moves via a second transmission mechanism an output slide (15), and with a contact assembly having a fixedly positioned contact piece carrier with contacts, which is arranged opposite to a movable contact piece carrier with contacts, which is guided in a contact slide. The invention is characterized in that the device for a reliable switching position display with welded contacts in the form of a bevel gear segment (12) is formed within the second transmission mechanism, said bevel gear segment (12) is in operative connection with the output slide (15) and two differently shaped Blocking devices.

Description

The invention relates to a switching device with a device for a reliable switching position display in welded contacts with an actuating mechanism having an actuating element and is connected via a first transmission mechanism with a switching mechanism in connection, which moves via a second transmission mechanism an output slide and a contact assembly, the one has fixedly positioned contact piece carrier with contacts, which is arranged opposite to a movable contact piece carrier with contacts, which is guided in a contact slide.

Switching devices, in particular circuit breakers, serve, among other things, the safe switching off in the event of a short circuit and thereby protect consumer installations. Furthermore, electrical or mechanical switching units are suitable for the operational manual switching of consumers as well as for the safe disconnection of a system from the mains during maintenance work or when changing the system. Electrical switching units are often operated electromagnetically.

That is, such switching units are high-quality electrical switching devices with integrated protection for motors, lines, transformers and generators. They are used more closely at workstations with a lower switching frequency. Such switching units are suitable in addition to the short circuit protection for overload protection.

In the case of a short circuit, an electrical switching unit switches off an electrical system safely. Thus, this provides a protection against overload. Every conductor through which electricity flows heats up more or less. The heating depends on the ratio of the current to Current conductor cross-section from, the so-called current density. The current density must not be too high, as otherwise the conductor insulation may be spattered or possibly cause a fire if the temperature is too high. In order to protect electrical equipment against this damaging effect, switching units are used as overcurrent protective devices.

Circuit breakers have two separate release mechanisms for overload and short-circuit protection. Both triggers are connected in series. The short-circuit protection is provided by an electrical release that works almost instantaneously. In the event of a short circuit, the electromagnetic release unlocks without delay a circuit breaker of the circuit breaker. A switching armature disconnects the contactor before the short-circuit current can reach its maximum value.

Known switching units have a contact slide unit with a contact slide and a movable contact piece. The movable contact piece also has electrical contacts. Furthermore, such switching units have first contacts to a power line. In an on state, the electrical contacts of the movable contact piece contact the fixed contacts of the switching unit. In the event of a short circuit, the electrical contacts of the movable contact piece are released from the fixed contacts, so that the flow of current is interrupted. Here, the movable contact is released from the fixed contacts.

In addition to their protective functions as overload and short-circuit releases, as already mentioned above, circuit breakers also fulfill the normative switching on and off of motors. To prove these functions, the circuit-breakers must be able to switch on ten times the rated motor current according to the product standard. To ensure this limit load, it is necessary that the circuit breaker the double interruption of the three current paths in the form of a movable bridge with two movable contact points and two fixed Contact points, almost simultaneously and in a jump function closes.

To realize this function is released via a hand-operated mechanism, in the form of an actuator, a switching mechanism and an actuating chain, the contact mechanism of contact slide and a movable bridge. The release takes place by a so-called quick turn-on. The three contact systems are released by a mechanism only after the switch lock has already been turned on. Now, the spring-loaded in the form of a contact load spring determines the kinematics of the contact system when switching.

After striking the bridges on the Festschaltstücken the contact slide accelerates until it is reflected at a stop. The reflection and the resulting kinetic energy of the contact slide reopen the contact system. This can lead to welds with a simultaneous increased current in this current path.

In order to prevent the contact slide is reflected after closing the contacts on the shift lever and thereby opens the contacts again, a catch spring, used in the form of a leaf spring around the contact slide, which slows the contact slide in its movement. But so that the catch spring can work properly, an increased shift lever advance between the shift lever and contact slide is required. Due to this increased shift lever course, however, the function "position indicator of the main contacts in devices with disconnector function with welded contacts", which is required in this switching device, can not be realized in a proven manner. This function states that when the contacts are welded, the control unit in the form of a knob can no longer be moved back to the switched-off position.

Previously, the maximum rated values, ie the rated current to be carried out, were chosen so low that a quick turn-on, as described above, was not necessary. The closing dynamics of the contact slide and movable bridge contactor did not have to be as close to a jump function as it is now to ensure that a tenfold motor current can be switched on. Thus, the use of a catch spring was not necessary and you could live with smaller runs between shift lever and contact slide. The result of this was that a simpler system was used in which a part of a bevel gear, the so-called bevel gear segment, when turning to the off position in a tab of the output slide drove if it was prevented from moving downward by welded contacts. This known from the prior art system goes out Fig. 1 out.

In Fig. 1 is a switching mechanism 1 of a switching device, in particular a circuit breaker, shown, with a rotatably mounted bevel gear segment 2, which is in operative connection with a driven slide 3. The output slide 3 is in operative connection with a shift lever 4, which in turn is arranged in operative connection with a contact arrangement of a fixed contact piece carrier 5 with contacts 6 and an oppositely arranged movable contact piece carrier 7 with contacts 8, which is guided in a contact slide. At the output slide 3, a tab 10 is arranged. The bevel gear 2 moves when turned to the off position in the tab 10 when the output slide 3 is prevented by welded contacts 6, 8 at its downward movement. Due to the tab 10 on the output slide 3, the bevel gear 2 can not be forwarded, so that the control element in the form of a knob on the cap can not move into its off position. Accordingly, there is so far no position indicator of the main contacts in switching devices with disconnector function and welded contacts.

Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a switching device with a device for a reliable switching position display in welded contacts.

This object is achieved by a switching device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and developments, which can be used individually or in combination with each other, are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a switching device with a device for reliable switching position display in welded contacts, which has an actuating mechanism which has an actuating element and via a first transmission mechanism with a switching mechanism in operative connection, which moves via a second transmission mechanism an output slide, and a Having contact arrangement, which has a fixedly positioned contact piece carrier with contacts, which is arranged opposite to a movable contact piece carrier with contacts, which is guided in a contact slide. The invention is characterized in that the device is designed for a reliable switching position display with welded contacts in the form of a bevel gear within the second transmission mechanism, said bevel gear segment is in operative connection with the output slide and has two differently configured blocking devices.

For a high rated current (I _N 100A) and the normative fact that it must be possible to switch on a 13.5 times rated motor current, it is necessary to approximate as far as possible the switching dynamics of the switch to a "step function". This is realized by a quick turn-on.

In order to prevent that due to this rapid engagement of the contact slide is further accelerated by a self-inertia, reflected on the shift lever and opens the bridges again by a pulse, a catch spring is used, which slows the contact slide in its movement. However, this contact spring requires a certain work path to work. This is generally> 2.3 mm. This work path is the course between the shift lever and contact slide. Due to the increased flow, however, the old system does not work anymore, as the output slide can make too much way down even with welded contacts. The bevel gear segment is thus no longer braked in its rotation by the tab of the output slide and the parent gag could thus migrate to the off position.

The system according to the invention now shows its own structure, whereby larger heats between the shift lever and contact slide can be realized. When switching off normally, the bevel gear must not be braked or blocked. If the switch is turned off regularly, the bevel gear segment moves clockwise and the output slider moves down as the contacts are opened. As a result, the catch nose of the output slide slides into the recess provided for it under the bevel gear segment and thus also the top connected toggle can move into an off position.

For welded contacts, the bevel gear segment must be blocked so that the toggle on the cap can not move to its off position. When switching off with welded contacts, the bevel gear segment initially also moves in a clockwise direction. However, since due to the welded contacts of the output slide can not move down, he does not slip into its intended recess, but remains on the guide surface of the bevel gear. As a result, the blocking contour of the bevel gear segment and the output slide and thus the bevel gear segment become entangled and the toggle will not be moved to the off position.

Due to the special shape of the bevel gear segment in conjunction with the catch nose of the output slide, a release of the bevel gear segment or a blocking of the bevel gear segment can be effected depending on whether the contacts are welded or freely movable. Whether the bevel gear is locked in its movement or not, depends on whether and how far the output slide can move down. In the past, there was little room for maneuver here, which meant that only very small fore runs between the shift lever and contact slide could be accommodated. These were <1.5 mm. The new design is less dependent on the flow between the shift lever and contact slide. Here, pre-runs of up to 2.6 mm can be coped with, which is essential for the use of the catch spring.

A particular advantage of the present invention is that it is not necessary to deviate from the usual assembly operations, since the parts to be installed remain the same as in the old system, only the function has been changed or improved. In addition, the new system is more stable. As a result, even the normative test, in which the toggle is loaded with the maximum torque for welded contacts, passes without problems.

A continuation of the inventive concept can provide that the output slide is in operative connection with the bevel gear segment via a catch nose.

A special embodiment of the inventive concept can provide that in the bevel gear segment, a first blocking device is designed in the form of a recess which is geometrically suitable for configuring the catch nose of the output slide.

An advantageous embodiment of the inventive concept may consist in that the bevel gear segment has a second blocking device in the form of a catching surface and a locking contour.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention may be that in welded contacts, the second locking device of the bevel gear segment is in operative connection with the catch nose of the output slide.

A special embodiment of the inventive concept may be that upon rotation of the bevel gear in a clockwise direction, the catch nose of the output slide at non-welded contacts on the second locking device of the bevel gear segment is past and engages for the switched state of the switching device in the first locking device.

A continuation of the inventive concept may consist in that the switching device is a circuit breaker.

The switching device according to the invention has a manually operable actuating element, which is in operative connection with a mating gear. This represents the first transmission mechanism. The counter gear is in operative connection with a bevel gear segment. The bevel gear segment is rotatably arranged between preferably two parallel aligned blanks. The bevel gear segment is in operative connection with an output slide. This represents the second transmission mechanism. The output slide has two end regions. The first end region of the output slide is in operative connection with the bevel gear segment and is designed as a catch nose. The catch nose is formed as a projection and as preferably formed in a 90 ° angle to surface area.

In Kegelradsegment is a first locking device in the form of a geometric configuration of the catch nose of the Shifter slide matching recess formed. The recess has a preferably nose-shaped recess for the projection of the catch nose of the output slide and a preferably formed at 90 ° angle to surface area at which rests the surface area of the catch nose of the output slide. In the switched-on state of the switching device, the projection of the catch nose of the output slide abuts against the area of the recess of the bevel gear segment. When the switchgear is switched off normally, the bevel gear segment turns clockwise. In this case, the catch nose slides out of the projection and surface area of the output slide into the recess of the bevel gear segment, wherein the projection engages in the recess of the recess in the first end region of the output slide and the surface regions of the bevel gear segment and the output slide adjoin one another.

The switching device also has a contact arrangement, which has a fixedly positioned contact piece carrier with contacts, which is arranged opposite to a movable contact piece carrier with contacts, which is guided in a contact slide. The second end region of the output slide is in operative connection with the contact arrangement. When switched off normally, the output slide moves downwards and opens the contacts.

For welded contacts, the bevel gear segment must be blocked so that the toggle on the cap can not move to its off position. When switching off with welded contacts, the bevel gear segment initially also moves in a clockwise direction. However, because of the welded contacts of the output slide can not move down, he does not slip into its intended recess, but remains on the surface area of the bevel gear. In addition, a blocking contour of the bevel gear segment in the vicinity of the surface area of the bevel gear segment hooks with the surface area of the output slide. As a result, the bevel gear segment and the toggle can no longer be moved to the switched-off position.

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments and with reference to the drawing.

• Fig. 1 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Schaltgerät mit einem Schaltschloss im ausgeschalteten Zustand;
• Fig. 2 in einer Draufsicht ein erfindungsgemäßes Schaltgerät mit Schaltschloss im eingeschalteten Zustand;
• Fig. 3 in einer Draufsicht das Schaltschloss nach Fig. 2 bei einer Drehbewegung in den normalen ausgeschalteten Zustand;
• Fig. 4 das Schaltschloss nach Fig. 2 und 3 kurz vor Erreichen des ausgeschalteten Zustands;
• Fig. 5 in einer Draufsicht das Schaltschloss nach Fig. 2 im ausgeschalteten Zustand bei verschweißten Kontakten.

Here are shown schematically:

• Fig. 1 in a perspective view of a known from the prior art switching device with a switching mechanism in the off state;
• Fig. 2 in a plan view of an inventive switching device with switching mechanism in the on state;
• Fig. 3 in a plan view of the switch lock after Fig. 2 during a rotation in the normal off state;
• Fig. 4 the switch lock after Fig. 2 and 3 shortly before reaching the off state;
• Fig. 5 in a plan view of the switch lock after Fig. 2 in the off state with welded contacts.

In Fig. 1 is a known from the prior art switching mechanism 1 of a switching device, in particular a circuit breaker shown. The switching mechanism 1 has a rotatably mounted bevel gear segment 2, which is in operative connection with an output slide 3. The output slide 3 is in operative connection with a shift lever 4, which in turn is arranged in operative connection with a contact arrangement of a fixed contact piece carrier 5 with contacts 6 and an oppositely arranged movable contact piece carrier 7 with contacts 8, which is guided in a contact slide 9. At the output slide 3, a tab 10 is arranged. The bevel gear 2 moves when turned to the off position in the tab 10 when the output slide 3 is prevented by welded contacts 6, 8 at its downward movement. Due to the tab 10 am Output slide 3, the bevel gear 2 can not be forwarded so that the control element in the form of a knob on the cap can not move into its off position. Accordingly, there is no switch position display of the main contacts in switchgear with disconnector function and welded contacts.

In Fig.2 an inventive switching device is shown with a switching mechanism 11. The switching mechanism 11 has a bevel gear segment 12, which is rotatably arranged between two preferably mutually parallel boards 13, 14. The bevel gear segment 12 is in operative connection with an output slide 15. This mechanism represents the second transmission mechanism. The output slide 15 has the end regions 16, 17. The first end region 16 of the output slide 15 is in operative connection with the bevel gear segment 12 and is designed as a catch nose 18. The catch nose 18 is formed as a projection 19 and as preferably formed at a 90 ° angle thereto surface area 20. In Kegelradsegment 12 is a first locking device in the form of a geometric configuration of the catch nose 18 of the output slide 15 matching recess 21 is formed. The recess 21 has a preferably nose-shaped recess 22 for the projection 19 of the catch nose 18 of the output slide 15 and a preferably formed at 90 ° angle thereto surface area 23, against which the surface portion 20 of the catch nose 18 of the output slide 15 is applied. In the switched-on state of the switching device, the projection 19 of the catch nose 18 of the drive slide 15 bears against the surface area 23 of the recess 21 of the bevel gear segment 12. During normal switching off of the switching device, the bevel gear 12 rotates clockwise. The catch nose 18 slides out of the projection 19 and surface area 20 of the drive slide 15 in the recess 21 of the bevel gear 12, the projection 19 engages the end portion 16 of the output slide 15 in the recess 22 of the recess 21 and the surface portions 20, 23 of the bevel gear 12 and the output slide 15 to each other issue. The output slide 15 moves downwards overall and opens the contacts.

Fig. 3 shows the switching mechanism according to the invention in a first movement for normal shutdown. During normal switching off of the switching device, the bevel gear 12 rotates clockwise. The catch nose 18 slides out of the projection 19 and surface area 20 of the drive slide 15 in the recess 21 of the bevel gear 12, wherein the projection 19 is guided in the end portion 16 of the output slide 15 into the recess 22 of the recess 21.

In Fig. 4 the switching mechanism according to the invention is shown shortly before reaching the end point in the off state. In this switching position state, the projection 19 of the catch nose 18 of the drive slide 15 engages in the recess 22 of the recess 21 of the bevel gear segment 12. In addition, the surface portion 23 of the recess 21 of the bevel gear 12 is almost at the surface area 20 of the catch nose 18 of the output slide 15 at.

Fig. 5 shows the switching mechanism according to the invention in welded contacts. For welded contacts, bevel gear segment 12 must be blocked. When switching off with welded contacts, the bevel gear 12 moves initially in a clockwise direction. However, because of the welded contacts of the output slide 15 can not migrate down, he does not slip into its intended recess 21, but is blocked by a surface region of the bevel gear 12. In addition, a locking contour 24 of the bevel gear segment 12, which is arranged in the end region of the surface region 23 with the surface region 20 of the catch nose 18 of the drive slide 15. As a result, the bevel gear segment 12 and the knob can not be moved to the off position.

The switching device according to the invention with a device for a reliable switch position display when welded Contacts is characterized by the fact that it is not necessary to deviate from the usual assembly operations, since the parts to be installed remain the same as in the old system. Only the functions have changed and improved. In addition, the new switch lock is more stable. As a result, even the normative test, in which the toggle is loaded with the maximum torque for welded contacts, passes without problems.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

switch lock

2

bevel gear

3

output slide

4

gear lever

5

firmly positioned contact piece carrier

6

Contact

7

movable contact piece carrier

8th

Contact

9

contact slide

10

flap

11

switch lock

12

bevel gear

13

circuit board

14

circuit board

15

output slide

16

end

17

end

18

Fang nose

19

head Start

20

area

21

recess

22

recess

23

area

24

locking contour

Claims (7)

Switching device with a device for a reliable switching position indication with welded contacts comprising: - An actuating mechanism having an actuating element and via a first transmission mechanism with a switching mechanism (11) is operatively connected, which moves via a second transmission mechanism an output slide (15); a contact arrangement which has a fixedly positioned contact piece carrier with contacts, which is arranged opposite to a movable contact piece carrier with contacts, which is guided in a contact slide, characterized in that the device for a reliable switching position display with welded contacts in the form of a bevel gear segment (12) is formed within the second transmission mechanism, said bevel gear segment (12) is in operative connection with the output slide (15) and has two differently configured blocking devices. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the output slide (15) via a catch nose (18) with the bevel gear segment (12) is in operative connection. Switching device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the bevel gear segment (12) a first blocking device in the form of a geometrically for the design of the catch nose (18) of the output slide (15) matching recess (21) is formed. Switching device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bevel gear segment (12) has a second blocking device in the form of a surface region (23) and a locking contour (24). Switching device according to Claim 4, characterized in that, when the contacts are in contact, the second blocking device of the bevel gear segment (12) is in operative connection with the catch nose (18) of the output slide (15). Switching device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that upon rotation of the bevel gear segment (12) in the clockwise direction, the catch nose (18) of the output slide (15) can be guided past the second blocking device of the bevel gear segment (12) in the case of non-welded contacts and for the switched off state of the switching device engages in the first blocking device. According to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the switching device is a circuit breaker.

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