EP3289222B1 - Elektrischer kompressor mit verbessertem dynamischem dichtungssystem - Google Patents

Elektrischer kompressor mit verbessertem dynamischem dichtungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3289222B1
EP3289222B1 EP16725189.1A EP16725189A EP3289222B1 EP 3289222 B1 EP3289222 B1 EP 3289222B1 EP 16725189 A EP16725189 A EP 16725189A EP 3289222 B1 EP3289222 B1 EP 3289222B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
shaft
seal
wheel
vent hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16725189.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3289222A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Martin
Nicolas Renard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Publication of EP3289222A1 publication Critical patent/EP3289222A1/de
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Publication of EP3289222B1 publication Critical patent/EP3289222B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
    • F02B33/40—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of non-positive-displacement type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F04D29/059—Roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/602—Drainage
    • F05D2260/6022—Drainage of leakage having past a seal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric compressors, and more particularly to an electric supercharger comprising a dynamic sealing system.
  • an electric compressor is a device used to supercharge a heat engine, operating with an electric motor. More specifically, the compressor comprises a compressor wheel driven by an electric motor.
  • the electric compressor is placed on the air intake line of an internal combustion engine, in addition to a turbocharger.
  • the electric compressor plays the same role as the turbocharger, namely to increase the intake pressure of the fresh gases in the engine, but is used in particular during transient phases to overcome the problems of response time of the turbocharger.
  • a dynamic sealing system is installed between the compressor wheel and the electric motor.
  • This system is made up of two segments.
  • a vent hole known from the patent application UK1312334.4 , is added between the two segments, in order to avoid the accumulation of any pollutants which may have passed through the first segment.
  • the vent hole is connected to the inlet of the turbocharger via a hose, which creates a slight depression in order to purge the vent hole.
  • the vent hole is thus connected to an area which is generally under depression. This is necessary for the protection of the electric motor and its bearings to be effective.
  • the pollutants which have accumulated in the vent hole can pass through the 2 nd segment. This results in a risk of pollution of the compressor and more particularly of the ball bearing, which can reduce its service life.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to overcome one or more of the drawbacks of the devices of the prior art by proposing an electric compressor whose sealing system is improved and thus makes it possible to avoid pollution of the bearings.
  • the present invention proposes an electric compressor according to claim 1.
  • the seal makes it possible at least to avoid the accumulation of pollutant at the level of the vent hole and also makes it possible to avoid the purging of the internal grease of the bearing under the suction effect through the vent hole.
  • the objective of this baffling is to maximize the pressure drop between the compressor wheel and the segment arranged on the side of the wheel. In this way, the accumulation of pollutants between the 2 segments is reduced. And the need for evacuation through the vent hole is then less.
  • This groove makes it possible to collect the droplets of pollutant such as in particular oil and to centrifuge them, in order to prevent them from reaching the segment arranged on the side of the wheel.
  • the air at the level of the segment arranged on the side of the wheel is thus freed from some of the pollutants.
  • the seal is arranged on a face of the bearings perpendicular to a longitudinal axis X of the shaft of the compressor, on the face facing the segments.
  • the seal is a friction seal.
  • the seal is made of elastomer.
  • the baffling is carried out at the level of the contact between an additional part fixed circularly to the shaft, and the body of the compressor.
  • the opening of the groove is formed outwards, that is to say in the direction opposite to the shaft.
  • the groove is formed in the additional part.
  • the compressor is an electric compressor for supercharging a heat engine.
  • the present invention relates to an electric compressor equipped with an improved dynamic sealing system.
  • the dynamic sealing system is formed by at least two segments between which opens a vent hole.
  • the term “electric compressor” means an air compressor, volumetric or not and for example centrifugal or radial, driven by an electric motor, with the aim of supercharging a heat engine.
  • the electric motor is a DC or AC asynchronous motor.
  • the motor comprises a rotor and a stator.
  • the electric motor is a variable reluctance motor (also called SRM machine for Switched Reluctance Motor according to the English terminology).
  • the stator comprises a body consisting of a stack of thin sheets forming a crown, also called a stack of sheets, the inner face of which is provided with notches open inwards to receive windings phase which form a winding.
  • the rotor has permanent magnets.
  • the figure 1 illustrates an internal combustion engine with three cylinders 1 associated with a device 3 for the intake gas supply according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the supply device 3 (marked by a dotted line) comprises a turbocharger 5.
  • the supply device 3 comprises an exhaust gas recirculation valve 6.
  • the supply device 3 comprises a charge air cooler 7.
  • the supply device 3 comprises an electric compressor 9 and a compressor bypass valve 10.
  • the turbocharger 5 is fed by the exhaust gases from the engine 1 and by air arriving via an air inlet 8. A part of the exhaust gases is recycled to the inlet of the engine 1 via a valve 6 for recirculating the exhaust gases.
  • the gases from the compressor of the turbocharger 5 are then cooled by the cooler 7 and then supply the electric compressor 9.
  • the cooler is arranged downstream of the electric compressor 9.
  • the electric compressor 9 compresses the gases coming from the turbocharger 5 and supplies the motor 1.
  • the electric compressor 9, illustrated in the figure 2 and 3 includes an electric motor (not visible picture 2 ), and bearings 16 arranged circularly around the shaft.
  • the electric motor allows the rotation of a shaft 13 of the electric compressor via the bearings 16.
  • the shaft 13 thus drives in rotation the wheel 14 of the compressor 9. More precisely one end of the shaft 13 is driven in rotation by the electric motor, and another end of the shaft 13 rotates the wheel 14 of the compressor.
  • the intermediate part of the shaft is protected by the body 17 of the compressor.
  • This intermediate part of the shaft comprises a sealing system, and more precisely a dynamic sealing system.
  • This member is formed of a first sealing segment 29a positioned on the side of the wheel 14 of the compressor and a second sealing segment 29b positioned on the side of the bearings 16. These segments have the role of protecting the bearings from the pollution that may come from the wheel 14 of the compressor.
  • Each of the sealing segments 29a, b is arranged in a recess.
  • the two recesses are formed, that is to say machined, directly in the shaft 13.
  • the two recesses 19a, b are formed in an additional part 131 fixed to the shaft 13.
  • the additional part has the shape of a ring in which the recesses 19a, b are cut. It is placed against a flat wall of the shaft 13 or in another recess 132 hollowed out in the shaft 13. This other recess 132 is configured in such a way as to allow easy insertion of the additional part 131 on the shaft 13.
  • the additional part 131 is formed in a single part or in two parts, not shown.
  • vent hole 31 is added between the two segments in order to avoid the accumulation of any pollutants which would have crossed the first segment 29a.
  • the vent hole 31 is connected to the inlet of the turbocharger.
  • the vent hole 31 is connected to the turbocharger, for example via a hose, which makes it possible to create a slight depression in order to purge the vent hole.
  • the vent hole 31 thus passes through part of the compressor.
  • the vent hole 31, more precisely the circuit of the vent hole extends outside the compressor.
  • the vent hole 31 thus makes it possible to avoid pollution of the bearings 16 by allowing the evacuation of the pollutants thanks to a pressure difference between the pressure of the compartment formed between the two sealing segments 29a, 29b and the pressure at the outlet of the vent hole 35.
  • the pressure between the two segments 29a, 29b being greater than the pressure at the outlet 35 of the vent hole.
  • accumulation zone is meant the portion of the circuit of the vent hole 31 between the inlet 37 of the vent hole and the outlet 35 of the vent hole.
  • inlet and outlet are defined with respect to the direction of circulation of the flow, in the vent hole, going from the sealing compartment towards the outside of the compressor.
  • the invention provides at least one seal 100 for protecting at least one bearing.
  • This seal 100 is arranged on one side of the bearing, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X of the shaft 13 of the compressor. More precisely, the seal 100 is arranged on the face of the bearing facing the segments 29a, b. This joint 100 also makes it possible to protect the electric motor.
  • the seal 100 is located between the balls 165 of the bearing and the segments 29a, b.
  • the gasket 100 comprises at least one part made of elastomer.
  • the entire joint 100 is made of elastomer.
  • the joint 100 is composed of a reinforcement, for example metallic and more precisely of steel.
  • This reinforcement is covered with an elastomer, for example by overmoulding.
  • the elastomer used is of the NBR type (for nitrile butadiene rubber according to English terminology) or FKM (fluoropolymer) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) or HNBR (butadiene- hydrogenated acrylonitrile) or AEM (ethylene acrylic) or ACM (copolymer of acrylic acid ester and 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether according to the English terminology).
  • NBR for nitrile butadiene rubber according to English terminology
  • FKM fluoropolymer
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene monomer
  • HNBR butadiene- hydrogenated acrylonitrile
  • AEM ethylene acrylic
  • ACM copolymer of acrylic acid ester and 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether according to the English terminology
  • the seal is rigidly coupled to the outer ring 166 of the bearing and achieves a static seal at its interface with said outer ring.
  • the seal 100 comprises at least one lip (not shown).
  • the seal 100 has two lips. This or these lips rub against the inner ring 164 of the bearing, thus achieving dynamic sealing.
  • the lip(s) are oriented radially, that is to say they rub on a cylindrical zone.
  • the lip or lips are oriented axially, that is to say they rub against a plane perpendicular to the axis X of rotation of the shaft and therefore of the bearing.
  • one lip is oriented radially and another lip is oriented axially.
  • the geometry and the material of the lip(s) are chosen to limit friction, with for example friction generating a maximum torque equal to 15Nmm, preferably less than 10Nmm, while ensuring sealing under differential pressures of up to 4 bar.
  • This seal 100 makes it possible to protect the bearing and the balls 165 of the bearing from pollutants which may contaminate its internal grease.
  • the seal 100 also makes it possible to avoid the bleeding of the internal grease of the bearing under the suction effect through the vent hole.
  • the invention provides a baffle 200 upstream of the segment 29a arranged on the side of the wheel 14.
  • the baffle is formed by at least one baffle.
  • chicane is meant a circular passage for the air which is not rectilinear. The air comes from the wheel compartment 14 compressor. This air passage is formed so as to emerge between the wheel 14 and the segment 29a arranged on the side of the wheel 14.
  • the baffle 200 is formed directly in the body 140 of the compressor. More precisely, the baffling 200 is achieved by means of specific shapes arranged in the body 140 of the compressor.
  • the baffling 200 is achieved by means of specific shapes arranged in the body 140 and the additional part 131, at the level of the border common to these two parts in order to create a non-rectilinear path for the air. These forms are complementary.
  • the presence of the additional part 131 makes it possible to simplify the mounting of the bearing and to increase the contact surface with the wheel 14.
  • the increase in the contact surface of the wheel with the additional part makes it possible to avoid caulking or deformation of the wheel 14.
  • the wheel 14 is made of a softer material than the additional part 131 and the shaft 13.
  • the wheel 14 is made of aluminum and the additional part 131 and shaft 13 are made of steel.
  • the baffle 200 is composed of at least 2 segments oriented in different directions, at least one radial direction and at least one axial direction.
  • the baffle 200 is composed of several rectilinear segments 201 . This configuration forces the airflow to change direction, going from a radial direction to an axial direction, or vice versa.
  • the baffle 200 comprises at least 6 segments 201, therefore 5 changes of direction. Changes in direction create head loss, i.e. a loss of pressure along the path. This loss of pressure leads to a reduction in flow.
  • each segment 201 In order to increase the pressure drop, the section and the length of each segment 201 are chosen so that the section/length ratio of each segment is as low as possible. Indeed, the lower this ratio, the greater the pressure drop, because the smaller the section and the longer the path and the more difficult it is for the air to circulate. The length of each segment 201 is thus maximized, taking into account the space constraints.
  • each segment 201 measures, for example, between 1 mm and 5 mm, and preferably between 1 and 3 mm long in the radial direction or in the axial direction or obliquely.
  • the clearance between the body 140 and the additional part 131 must be minimized, taking into account the manufacturing and positioning tolerances of the various components.
  • This play is for example less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.25 mm in the radial direction and less than 0.75 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm in the axial direction.
  • the section evolves, that is to say increases and then decreases significantly in order to create turbulence to limit the flow.
  • this baffling 200 is to maximize the pressure drop between the wheel of the compressor and the segment 29a placed on the side of the wheel 14.
  • the flow rate in this zone, as well as the pressure upstream of the segment 29a placed on the side of wheel 14 are then reduced. Leakage through this segment is then reduced. In this way, the accumulation of pollutants between the 2 segments is reduced. And the need for evacuation through the vent hole is then less.
  • the baffle 200 is formed directly in the body 140 of the compressor.
  • the invention provides a groove 300 upstream of the baffle 200.
  • groove 300 is meant a groove of generally semi-circular shape, arranged circularly with respect to the axis of the shaft 13.
  • the opening 301 of the groove 300 is formed outwards, that is to say in the direction opposite to the shaft.
  • the groove is formed in the additional part 131.
  • the groove is defined by a torus-shaped recess, around the shaft, disposed at a distance from the shaft defined by the length of chicanery.
  • the mean diameter Di of the toroidal shape, and therefore of the groove is between 10 mm and 20 mm.
  • the proper diameter Dp of the toric shape, ie the diameter Dp of the groove defined parallel to the axis X of the shaft is between 1 and 2 mm.
  • This groove 300 makes it possible to collect the droplets of pollutant such as in particular oil and to centrifuge them, in order to prevent them from reaching the segment 29a arranged on the side of the wheel 14. The air at the level of the segment 29a disposed on the side of the wheel 14 is thus freed from some of the pollutants.
  • the invention provides for the association of the three variants described previously. More specifically, the compressor according to the invention comprises at least one seal 100 for protecting at least one bearing, a baffle 200 between the wheel 14 and the segment 29a arranged on the side of the wheel 14, and a groove 300 upstream of chicanery.
  • the compressor according to the invention is thus configured so as to protect the bearings, and also the electric motor, against pollutants such as oil, recirculating gases or any other pollutants.
  • pollutants such as oil, recirculating gases or any other pollutants.
  • the improved sealing of this system makes it possible to reduce the need for vacuum in the vent hole and even to allow a slight overpressure. For example, the seal is maintained under an overpressure of the vent hole of 50mbar compared to atmospheric pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Elektrischer Kompressor (9), welcher eine Welle (13) aufweist, die von einem Elektromotor über Wälzlager (16) drehend angetrieben wird, wobei die Welle ein Kompressorrad (14) drehend antreibt, wobei der Kompressor zwei Dichtsegmente (29a, 29b) aufweist, die um die Welle (13) herum zwischen den Wälzlagern (16) und dem Kompressorrad (14) angebracht sind, und einen Kreislauf eines Entlüftungslochs (31) zum Strömen eines Stroms von Schadstoffen zur Außenseite des Kompressors (9) aufweist, dessen Eingang (37) zwischen den zwei Dichtsegmenten angeordnet ist, und wobei der Kompressor eine Schikanenanordnung (200) stromaufwärts des Segments (29a) aufweist, das auf der Seite des Rades (14) angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er wenigstens eine Dichtung (100) zum Schutz der Wälzlager (16) und eine Auskehlung (300) stromaufwärts der Schikanenanordnung (200) aufweist.
  2. Kompressor (9) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Dichtung (100) auf einer Seite der Wälzlager angeordnet ist, die zu einer Längsachse X der Welle (13) des Kompressors senkrecht ist, auf der Seite, die den Segmenten (29a, b) zugewandt ist.
  3. Kompressor (9) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei die Dichtung (100) eine Reibdichtung ist.
  4. Kompressor (9) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Dichtung (100) aus Elastomer besteht.
  5. Kompressor (9) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Schikanenanordnung (200) im Bereich des Kontakts zwischen einem zusätzlichen Teil (131), das kreisförmig an der Welle (13) befestigt ist, und dem Körper (140) des Kompressors hergestellt ist.
  6. Kompressor (9) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Öffnung (301) der Auskehlung (300) zur Außenseite hin, das heißt in der zur Welle entgegengesetzten Richtung, ausgebildet ist.
  7. Kompressor (9) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Auskehlung in dem zusätzlichen Teil (131) ausgebildet ist.
  8. Kompressor (9) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei der Kompressor ein elektrischer Ladeluftkompressor eines Verbrennungsmotors ist.
EP16725189.1A 2015-04-30 2016-05-02 Elektrischer kompressor mit verbessertem dynamischem dichtungssystem Active EP3289222B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1553934A FR3035685B1 (fr) 2015-04-30 2015-04-30 Compresseur electrique avec systeme d'etancheite dynamique ameliore
FR1559872A FR3035687B1 (fr) 2015-04-30 2015-10-16 Compresseur electrique avec systeme d'etancheite dynamique ameliore
PCT/FR2016/051029 WO2016174375A1 (fr) 2015-04-30 2016-05-02 Compresseur électrique avec système d'étanchéité dynamique amélioré

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3289222A1 EP3289222A1 (de) 2018-03-07
EP3289222B1 true EP3289222B1 (de) 2022-07-27

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ID=53674132

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16725189.1A Active EP3289222B1 (de) 2015-04-30 2016-05-02 Elektrischer kompressor mit verbessertem dynamischem dichtungssystem

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3289222B1 (de)
FR (2) FR3035685B1 (de)
PL (1) PL3289222T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2016174375A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3068086B1 (fr) * 2017-06-25 2019-07-19 Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur Compresseur electrique avec trou d'event
FR3071976A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur Compresseur electrique

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2966375A (en) * 1958-09-22 1960-12-27 Commissariat Energie Atomique Sealing device for the bearings of compressors or similar machines
US3909154A (en) * 1974-09-05 1975-09-30 Carrier Corp Centrifugal compressor
US5076765A (en) * 1988-08-03 1991-12-31 Nissan Motor Company, Altd. Shaft seal arrangement of turbocharger
EP1207310B1 (de) * 1999-07-23 2011-04-20 Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Gleitringdichtung für eine turbomaschine
GB2516060B (en) 2013-07-09 2019-07-03 Valeo Air Man Uk Limited An electric supercharger having a protected bearing assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3035685B1 (fr) 2019-04-05
PL3289222T3 (pl) 2022-11-21
FR3035687A1 (fr) 2016-11-04
FR3035685A1 (fr) 2016-11-04
WO2016174375A1 (fr) 2016-11-03
FR3035687B1 (fr) 2019-03-22
EP3289222A1 (de) 2018-03-07

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