EP3286282A1 - Procédé de génération d'énergie électrique à l'aide de sources d'énergie renouvelable fluctuantes - Google Patents

Procédé de génération d'énergie électrique à l'aide de sources d'énergie renouvelable fluctuantes

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Publication number
EP3286282A1
EP3286282A1 EP16718607.1A EP16718607A EP3286282A1 EP 3286282 A1 EP3286282 A1 EP 3286282A1 EP 16718607 A EP16718607 A EP 16718607A EP 3286282 A1 EP3286282 A1 EP 3286282A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
hydrogen
utilizing
excess
hydrocarbonaceous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP16718607.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ina Hahndorf
Triin TAMRA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HAHNDORF, INA
TAMRA, TRIIN
Original Assignee
Younicos GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Younicos GmbH filed Critical Younicos GmbH
Publication of EP3286282A1 publication Critical patent/EP3286282A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H02J7/28—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using magnetic devices with controllable degree of saturation in combination with controlled discharge tube or controlled semiconductor device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/10—The dispersed energy generation being of fossil origin, e.g. diesel generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for generating electric energy by means of fluctuating renewable energy sources according to the generic part of claim 1 .
  • Electric or electrochemical storage facilities such as capacitors or battery accumulators are optimally suitable as short-time accumulators for compensating daily or load-related fluctuations and for the frequency and voltage stabilization of an electric energy supply network, but for the long-time storage of electric energy over days and weeks require a considerable amount of equipment and hence financial expenditure.
  • costs per kilowatt hour ( €/kW) in dependence on the amount of renewable energies RE without seasonal storage as shown in Fig.
  • the costs for the use of fluctuating, renewable electric energy sources possibly by including existing constant renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric and geothermal power plants in combination with a short-time energy accumulator such as a battery power plant as electrochemical accumulator with a capacity of 1 to 12 hours decrease continuously down to an amount of about 65% of renewable energies in the energy generation, but then increase exponentially up to an amount of 100% fluctuating, renewable energy sources RE because of the high costs of electric and mechanical energy accmulators dimensioned correspondingly large.
  • this object is solved by a method for generating electric energy by means of fluctuating, renewable energy sources, which renders excess energy obtained in the generation of energy usable for long-time storage, in particular for seasonal storage, by converting water and/or carbon sources into storable energy carriers in the form of chemical media for generating backup energy to be fed into an electric energy supply network as required.
  • the solution according to the invention provides for the generation of electric energy for an electric energy supply network with an amount of fluctuating, renewable energy sources of more than 60% with competitive energy generation costs, in that for the long-time or seasonal storage the excess energy obtained during the generation of electric energy by means of fluctuating, renewable energy sources is converted into a storable energy carrier in the form of chemical media, is stored, and days, weeks or months later the stored energy carrier is consumed for generating backup energy for the electric energy supply network, so that an energy supply with an amount of up to 100% of fluctuating, renewable energy sources is possible for the electric energy supply network.
  • the excess energy always obtained during the generation of electric energy by means of fluctuating, renewable energy sources as a result of daily and weather-related fluctuations is not stored directly in electric or electrochemical form, but is integrated into an energy supply concept with 100% of fluctuating, renewable energy sources by using the same for operating substance conversion processes such as for example electrolysis or pyrolysis methods or for supporting substance conversion processes by an optimum preparation of the substances to be converted for the subsequent substance conversion process.
  • an alkaline electrolyser Preferably, an acid or PEM electrolyser, or a high-temperature electrolyser are used for the electrolysis of water
  • the hydrogen generated by means of water electrolysis by utilizing the excess energy likewise is improved qualitatively by utilizing excess energy, in that it is compressed, dried and purified.
  • the quality improvement of the hydrogen generated by means of water electrolysis can be optimized in particular in that the hydrogen is temporarily stored in a buffer tank, thereafter compressed with low pressure, dried and purified, again temporarily stored in a buffer tank and subsequently compressed with high pressure, dried, purified and stored.
  • the carbon source is prepared for the further processing before the conversion by comminution, drying and compression by utilizing the excess energy or by means of filtration techniques based on absorption and desorption and temporarily stored for the conversion.
  • the recovery of C0 2 from the air by means of electrodialysis can be taken into account.
  • the prepared carbon source is converted into a liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier by means of physical, thermal or chemical methods of the carbon and/or C0 2 conversion, in particular by means of flash, ablation and turbulent- flow pyrolysis, biomass gasification, biomass liquefaction, Sabatier method, Fischer- Tropsch synthesis and the like, into a liquid or gaseous, hydrocarbonaceous fuel.
  • liquid or gaseous, hydrocarbonaceous fuel is treated further by means of physical methods by utilizing excess energy, in particular compressed, stored, heated, cooled, filtered and dried.
  • the liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier is refined by means of hydrocarbon synthesis by using the treated hydrogen and by utilizing the excess energy to obtain a higher-quality hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier such that it is easily storable and usable in an existing energy generation infrastructure.
  • the refinement of the hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier is effected by
  • the treated and possibly refined hydrogen is compressed by utilizing excess energy and stored cooled, and after decompression and heating by means of excess energy is supplied to a gas engine or fuel cells for the generation of backup energy.
  • a method for operating an electric energy supply network which is connected with fluctuating renewable energy sources, a unit for generating backup energy, an electric or electrochemical energy accumulator, a long-time or seasonal accumulator and an electric load, is characterized in that the electric energy supply network outputs excess energy from the fluctuating renewable energy sources not consumed by the active and reactive electric loads to the electric or electrochemical energy accumulator for the short-time storage and/or for the long-time storage to the long-time or seasonal storage facility for the conversion of water and/or carbon sources into storable energy carriers in the form of chemical media, and that as required backup energy for a short time generated by the electric or electrochemical energy accumulator and generated by the facility for generating backup energy from the storable energy carriers in the form of chemical media is fed into the electric energy supply network for a long time or seasonally.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the energy generation costs over the amount of fluctuating, renewable energy sources in the generation of electric energy for an energy supply network
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram representation of the energy generation and energy consumer systems connected to an electric energy supply network
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the temporal course of cumulative excess energy of an electric energy supply network with fluctuating, renewable energy sources and cumulative backup energy supplied to the energy supply network.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of the various methods for preparing and converting water and/or carbon sources into storable energy carriers as well as their aftertreatment for the generation of backup energy by using excess energy;
  • Fig. 5 shows a detailed schematic flow diagram of the water electrolysis of water and the aftertreatment of the hydrogen generated and its use in fuel cells for the generation of backup energy
  • Fig. 6 shows a representation of the temporal course of the hydrogen produced by means of water electrolysis, of the hydrogen consumed for the generation of backup energy, and of the stored hydrogen of an energy supply network;
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of the preparation and conversion of a carbon source and of the generated hydrocarbonaceous fuel for the generation of backup energy in a flow diagram
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of the temporal course of hydrocarbonaceous fuel produced with interruptions, of the consumption of the hydrocarbonaceous fuel for the generation of backup energy, and of the hydrocarbonaceous fuel stored with interruptions of an energy supply network.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block circuit diagram of an electric energy supply network 1 with the energy generators and energy consumers connected to the energy supply network 1 .
  • the energy generators include a photovoltaic system 2, a wind energy plant 3 and a facility for feeding in backup energy 4, in particular a diesel generator or fuel cells.
  • the energy consumers include active and reactive electric loads 5 as well as a long-time or seasonal storage facility 6 for the variable withdrawal of excess energy.
  • a short-time or battery storage system 7 serves for the short-time storage of electric energy and hence for the temporary withdrawal of electric energy from the energy supply network 1 and for the temporary feed- in of energy into the energy supply network 1 over a period of maximally 1 to 12 hours.
  • the energy supply network 1 compensates short-time differences between feed-in and withdrawal via the battery storage system 7 and supplies excess energy to the long-time or seasonal storage facility 6, with which it exchanges backup energy as required for the longer-term compensation of differences between energy generation and energy consumption.
  • Fig. 3 shows the accumulated course of the excess energy generated in the island network in curve A and the accumulated course of the backup energy output to the island network in curve B.
  • Fig. 4 shows three variants for the production of backup energy BE by including excess energy EE in the generation of electric energy by means of fluctuating, renewable energy sources.
  • the backup energy BE is obtained by converting water W and/or carbon sources C into storable energy carriers in the form of chemical media such as hydrogen H 2 and/or hydrocarbonaceous energy carriers CH and their seasonal storage.
  • step A1 hydrogen H 2 is electrolytically generated from the existing water W with the aid of excess energy EE, wherein as possible electrolysis methods an alkaline electrolysis, an acid or PEM electrolysis or a high-temperature electrolysis can be used.
  • the electrolysis chiefly is operated from the excess energy EE during the generation of electric energy by means of fluctuating, renewable energy sources.
  • step A2 the hydrogen H 2 generated by means of the electrolysis method is prepared or treated further, wherein for the further preparation and treatment steps such as for example compression, storage, cooling, heating, decompression and/or drying of the hydrogen H 2 excess energy EE likewise is utilized.
  • the treated and prepared hydrogen H 2N is further used directly or stored.
  • step A3 the possibly temporarily stored, treated and prepared hydrogen H 2N is supplied to special gas engines, fuel cells or alternative combustion technologies as energy carrier for the generation of backup energy BE.
  • excess energy EE is included into a seasonal storage concept which is based on a chemical medium in the form of a hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH in liquid or gaseous form.
  • the required carbon C for generating the hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH originates. Since the generation of electric energy exclusively should be based on the use of fluctuating, renewable energies, the required carbon does not originate from fossil carbon sources C such as coal or petroleum, so that methods for converting fossil carbon sources based thereon will not be employed.
  • fossil carbon sources C such as coal or petroleum
  • two carbon sources C can be used in principle, namely carbon from renewable raw materials or carbon from atmospheric C0 2 .
  • C0 2 from geothermal water might also be taken into account, which however would not correspond to the exclusive use of fluctuating, renewable energy sources, as this C0 2 originally had been stored underground and when accessing to the energy form of geothermal energy is additionally supplied to the atmosphere and correspondingly contributes to global warming like CO2 from fossil energy carriers.
  • a suitable carbon source C in particular is carbon in the form of biomass, biomass waste, fresh wood, wood-like biomass waste, domestic waste, sewage plant sludge and atmospheric C0 2 .
  • the carbon source C initially is prepared in step B 1 in suitable form by utilizing the excess energy before the conversion by comminution, drying and compression or by means of filtration techniques based on absorption and desorption.
  • the prepared carbon source C subsequently is converted into a liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH with the aid of the existing excess energy EE.
  • conversion methods physical or thermal methods of the biomass conversion or CO2 conversion are used, such as for example flash, ablation and turbulent-flow pyrolysis, biomass gasification, biomass liquefaction, Sabatier method, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or the like.
  • step B3 Subsequent to the conversion of the prepared carbon source C into a liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH , the same is aftertreated in step B3 by means of physical methods such as compression, heating, cooling, filtration or drying and possibly stored temporarily in the existing infrastructure for the further utilization as aftertreated, hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH N in the form of fuel, wherein the necessary process energy is provided in the form of excess energy EE.
  • the aftertreated liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH N for example in the form of pyrolysis oil, then can be used for driving an existing or modified diesel generator.
  • hydrogen H 2 generated by means of an electrolysis method is used for refining the liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH generated from the carbon source C by means of pyrolysis.
  • the carbon C prepared in step C3 is pyrolytically converted into a hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH in step C4, which is aftertreated in step C5.
  • step C6 the generated products hydrogen H 2 and aftertreated hydrogen H 2 N and aftertreated hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH N are taken as starting substances of a hydrocarbon synthesis or hydrocarbon preparation, wherein these conversion processes for example represent a refinement of the aftertreated hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH N to obtain a liquid or gaseous, refined hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CHv, such as for example bio-oil, biodiesel, synthetic methane or synthetic hydrocarbon.
  • these conversion processes for example represent a refinement of the aftertreated hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH N to obtain a liquid or gaseous, refined hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CHv, such as for example bio-oil, biodiesel, synthetic methane or synthetic hydrocarbon.
  • the objective of the refinement is to synthesize a liquid or gaseous energy carrier CH V , which both can be stored easily and can be utilized in an existing energy generation infrastructure.
  • hydrogen H 2 or aftertreated hydrogen H 2 N and excess energy EE in the form of process energy is utilized and the refined, liquid or gaseous energy carrier CH V is stored.
  • the methods suitable for this purpose for example include the following:
  • the liquid or gaseous and possibly stored energy carrier CH V refined in step C6 is used for the generation of electric energy in the existing infrastructure or in an infrastructure to be newly installed.
  • the existing infrastructure such as e.g. diesel generators, gas turbines or gas engines, for the combustion of hydrocarbonaceous fuels in the liquid or gaseous state therefore is used as present or after corresponding modification.
  • the corresponding modifications are changes which provide for or improve the utilization of the biofuels generated in step C6 for example by
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows the production of hydrogen H 2 in step 5.1 by means of electrolysis from existing water W by using excess energy EE and the temporary storage of the generated hydrogen H 2 in a buffer tank in step 5.2.
  • step. 5.3 an aftertreatment of the generated hydrogen H 2 subsequently is effected at low pressure in the form of the compression, drying and purification of the generated hydrogen H 2 likewise by using excess energy EE.
  • the hydrogen H 2N aftertreated and treated further in this way is stored in step 5.6 and in step 5.7 converted into electric energy for the generation of backup energy BE for example in fuel cells or a gas engine.
  • Fig. 6 shows the temporal course of the generation of hydrogen (curve H 2 ), the hydrogen consumed for the generation of backup energy (curve BE), and the stored generated hydrogen (curve S) in an island energy supply network.
  • the curves illustrate that with an approximately linearly rising generation of hydrogen H 2 with less generation of backup energy BE larger amounts of hydrogen H 2 are stored and with rising generation of backup energy BE the storage of hydrogen H 2 is reduced distinctly, in order to again rise distinctly with an only slight deviation between generated hydrogen H 2 and hydrogen H 2 consumed for the generation of backup energy BE.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of the generation of bio-oil as hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier from fresh wood and the use of the bio-oil for the generation of backup energy.
  • step 7.1 the fresh wood C is shredded and dried by using excess energy EE
  • step 7.2 the dried wood is processed to wood chips likewise by using excess energy and in step 7.3 stored temporarily.
  • step 7.4 the wood chips are pyrolytically converted into a hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH by using excess energy, and in step 7.5 said energy carrier is aftertreated for the generation of bio-oil.
  • the aftertreated liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous energy carrier CH N is stored in step 7.6 and in step 7.7 supplied to a modified diesel generator for the generation of backup energy BE.
  • Fig. 8 schematically shows the accumulated production of bio-oil with interruptions corresponding to curve A, the bio-oil consumed for the generation of backup energy in curve B, and in curve C with interruptions the course of the storage of bio-oil.
  • the curves A, B and C each show the linear rise of the generation of bio-oil with individual interruptions, the approximately constant consumption of bio-oil for the generation of backup energy, and the fluctuations of the stored bio-oil as a result of the interruptions of the generation of bio-oil with a respective increase of the stored bio-oil in the case of a resumed generation of bio-oil and purchase of the stored bio-oil during the interruptions of the bio-oil generation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de génération d'énergie électrique à l'aide de sources d'énergie renouvelable fluctuantes, l'énergie en excès obtenue durant la génération de l'énergie est utilisée pour le stockage à long terme, en particulier pour le stockage saisonnier, par la conversion d'eau et/ou de sources de carbone dans des supports d'énergie stockable sous la forme de milieu chimique pour la génération d'énergie de secours à alimenter dans un réseau d'alimentation d'énergie électrique tel que requis.
EP16718607.1A 2015-04-23 2016-03-31 Procédé de génération d'énergie électrique à l'aide de sources d'énergie renouvelable fluctuantes Pending EP3286282A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015207478.1A DE102015207478A1 (de) 2015-04-23 2015-04-23 Verfahren zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie mittels fluktuierender erneuerbarer Energiequellen
PCT/EP2016/057125 WO2016169744A1 (fr) 2015-04-23 2016-03-31 Procédé de génération d'énergie électrique à l'aide de sources d'énergie renouvelable fluctuantes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3286282A1 true EP3286282A1 (fr) 2018-02-28

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Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3286282A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015207478A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016169744A1 (fr)

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CN108565890B (zh) * 2018-04-17 2020-06-12 清华大学 带有储能的新能源输出功率波动最小化调度方法及装置
US20220190372A1 (en) * 2019-03-07 2022-06-16 KWaterCraft Co., Ltd. Energy-independent water electrolysis fuel cell water cart
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