EP3280534A1 - Laboratory mill - Google Patents
Laboratory millInfo
- Publication number
- EP3280534A1 EP3280534A1 EP17718024.7A EP17718024A EP3280534A1 EP 3280534 A1 EP3280534 A1 EP 3280534A1 EP 17718024 A EP17718024 A EP 17718024A EP 3280534 A1 EP3280534 A1 EP 3280534A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laboratory mill
- counter
- vibration
- housing part
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/062—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives with rotor elements extending axially in close radial proximity of a concentrically arranged slotted or perforated ring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/121—Rotating machines, e.g. engines, turbines, motors; Periodic or quasi-periodic signals in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
- G10K2210/1291—Anti-Vibration-Control, e.g. reducing vibrations in panels or beams
Definitions
- the invention relates to a laboratory mill, in particular a rotor mill or centrifugal mill or a ball mill, more particularly with at least one grinding chamber for a sample volume of preferably less than 10 l, more preferably less than 5 l, more preferably less than 2 l
- the invention relates to a portable laboratory mill which can be transported as a functional unit, more particularly designed as a tabletop or stand-alone unit for use in a laboratory or designed for, for example, inline measurement of quality parameters of samples from a partially or completely automated production and / or processing process of a sample material.
- the material to be ground normally remains open during a grinding process and there is a continuous air sound path between the emission source in the area of the grinding tool and the grinding medium Environment of the crushing device. Airborne sound can then pass from the grinding chamber into the environment via the grinding channel.
- Object of the present invention is to provide a laboratory mill of the type mentioned, which has a significantly reduced sound radiation during Probenbe- and / or processing.
- it is an object of the present invention to reduce sound emissions in the range of a Mahlgutkanals in a laboratory machine simple and cost-effective manner, with a Mahlgutzubow in the grinding chamber and, if appropriate, a Mahlgutabschreib from the grinding chamber during the grinding operation should be possible undisturbed.
- At least one counter-vibration device is provided to solve the above-mentioned objects in a laboratory mill, the at least one control unit for providing a counter-vibration signal and at least one controllable Schwingungser Wegungs- unit for converting the counter-vibration signal in opposite vibrations aul Vietnamese, wherein the vibration generating unit acts against a device and / or housing part of the laboratory mill and wherein the counter vibrations an active vibration reduction of the device and / or housing part and / or at least partially extinguishing of noise generating vibrations of the device and / or housing part caused by destructive interference.
- a vibration generating unit acts against a device and / or housing part in order, by means of countervibrations, to generate the oscillations of the affected device and / or device during operation of the laboratory mill.
- the device and / or housing part is a housing cover of the laboratory mill surrounding a grinding chamber or a housing of the laboratory which can be erected on a substrate.
- the housing can surround a drive of the laboratory mill.
- the counter-vibration device can be designed and arranged for common coordinated antiphase excitation of the housing and the housing cover.
- the housing and the housing cover can be a common housing for
- housing and also the housing cover can be formed in several parts, so that if necessary several Schwingungser Wegungsein- units are provided to stimulate each device and / or housing part and matched to each other in phase opposition.
- the vibration generating unit may be an electromechanical actuator, which is placed on the device and / or housing part and / or interacts with the device and / or housing part.
- electromechanical actuator a piezoelectric actuator can be used. By using piezoelectric actuators, the oscillating mass of the device and / or housing part can be actively damped.
- An electromechanical actuator can also be formed by a spring-mass vibration system, which is acted upon by a drive and coupled to a component wall of the laboratory mill.
- the vibration generating unit may also be integrated in a wall of the device and / or housing part.
- the free space within the housing of the laboratory mill can be optimally utilized and it comes through the vibration generating unit does not interfere with the arrangement of other components inside the laboratory mill.
- the vibration generating unit when integrating the vibration generating unit in the wall of the device and / or housing part can ensure an aesthetically pleasing overall impression.
- At least one sensor for detecting noise-generating vibrations and / or for detecting noise and for generating a vibration signal may be provided, wherein the control unit for generating the counter-vibration signal is configured by evaluating the vibration signal.
- the sensor may be, for example, an accelerometer. The period duration / frequency, the amplitude and / or the phase angle / the phase of the oscillations of the device and / or housing part can be detected by the sensor.
- the counter-vibration signal is preferably generated in such a way that counter-oscillations are generated by the oscillation-generating unit with the same frequency but 180 ° shifted phase position, so that the oscillations of the device and / or housing part attributable to the grinding operation and the generated countervibrations due to destructive interference cancel each other out or least the amplitude of the attributable to the grinding operation vibrations of the device and / or housing part is reduced.
- the vibration generating unit is releasably connectable to a device and / or housing part and / or, if necessary, attachable to different device and / or housing parts.
- the vibration generating unit can thus be specifically arranged at those points of the laboratory mill that emit noise during operation of the laboratory mill. Incidentally, it is possible to provide an active vibration reduction by arranging the vibration generating unit on a device and / or housing part only when it comes to the noise emission in a certain order.
- the vibration generating unit can also be designed and arranged for the active antiphase excitation of a (separate) hopper and / or a device set-up of the laboratory mill.
- the vibration generating unit may be arranged on and / or in a swingable wall.
- an anti-phase excitation device setup of the laboratory mill is possible to actively reduce the vibrations occurring in the field of device setup during operation of the laboratory mill.
- a decoupling of the device assembly via passive dampers, such as rubber elements be provided over which the laboratory mill stands up on a substrate.
- the combination of an active antiphase excitation of the device set-up with a passive damping of the device setup by means of damping elements has its own inventive significance.
- the control unit may have at least one actuator in order to manually generate a counter-vibration signal and / or to modify the phase position and / or the amplitude of the counter-vibrations. This makes it possible for the invention to subjectively evaluate a vibration damping achieved by counter vibrations and, if necessary, to achieve improved vibration damping by modifying the countervibrations.
- At least one sensor for detecting an operating parameter of the laboratory mill in particular the engine speed of a drive unit of the laboratory mill, can be provided.
- the control unit may be designed to provide the counter-vibration signal as a function of the acquired operating characteristic of the laboratory mill.
- the engine speed can be measured. the and then only in response to the height of the engine speed counter vibrations are generated with a certain phase angle and amplitude.
- the typical vibration behavior of the laboratory mill at different operating conditions by period / frequency, amplitude, phase angle / phase of the vibrations can be detected and stored in a memory of the control unit as a vibration map for the generated countervailing vibrations.
- the controller may be configured to drive the Schwingungserzeu- generating unit for emitting predetermined, stored in the memory countervailing vibrations. In principle, it is then possible to dispense with sensors for detecting vibrations producing vibrations of the device and / or housing part which generate noise, and / or sensors for the direct detection of background noise.
- the control unit may be designed such that at a certain engine speed counter oscillations of certain predetermined (stored) phase angle and amplitude are always generated.
- a combination of measures to extinguish and / or reduce background noise by a counter-vibration device with measures to extinguish and / or reduce background noise by an anti-noise system is possible and beneficial.
- the possibility of extinction and / or reduction of background noise by an anti-noise system will be described in more detail below.
- a counter-noise device in a laboratory mill a counter-noise device may be provided which has a control unit for providing a Jacobschallsig- signal and at least one controllable sound generating unit for converting the antinoise signal in counter-noise to active noise reduction, ie to reduce the noise in the amplitude, and / or at least partial extinction of the noise by destructive interference.
- active noise reduction ie to reduce the noise in the amplitude, and / or at least partial extinction of the noise by destructive interference.
- the invention also proposes an anti-ballast system for use in a laboratory mill to reliably reduce or even cancel out noise emissions.
- an antisound system can reduce spurious noise emissions in a manner that outperforms the results of acoustic noise reduction by acoustic and / or acoustic attenuation measures.
- SchaSlemissionen by Gegenschaii according to the invention may also be provided in addition to other, in particular passive measures, such as sound insulation or Schalldämfpung to reduce noise.
- deeper frequencies can be eliminated well by means of countershooting, whereas higher frequencies can often be suppressed by conventional sound attenuation.
- the extinction of disturbing sound waves by counter-sound is based on the principle of destructive interference, are superimposed on the sound waves with corresponding sound waves of the same frequency, but shifted by 180 ° phase position, so that the waves cancel each other out by interference. Since in practice not individual frequencies are emitted as interfering sound, but usually a spectrum of disturbing sound waves occurs, the counter sound is chosen such that it has as possible the same spectrum at frequencies, each one can be at least substantially 180 ° shifted phase position , although it may not be possible in this way to extinguish the entire spectrum of the interfering emitted sound, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in the noise emissions. The same applies to the above-described vibration damping by means of counter-vibrations.
- ANR Active Noise Reduction
- ANC Active Noise Cancellation
- antisound systems can use a so-called Filtered-x Least Secondary Squares (FxLMS) algorithm, which attempts to reduce airborne noise conducted in the laboratory mill and / or emitted from the laboratory mill to zero (in the case of sound cancellation) or to regulate a specified threshold value (in the case of sound interference).
- FxLMS Filtered-x Least Secondary Squares
- the airborne sound waves conducted in the laboratory mill and / or emitted by the laboratory mill and the sound waves emitted by the laboratory mill Although generated in the generating unit sound waves of the anti- or counter-noise in the frequency and have relative to each other a phase shift of 180 °, but the sound waves do not correspond in amplitude, it comes only to a weakening of the emitted airborne sound waves.
- the anti-noise can be calculated separately by means of the FxLMS algorithm by determining a suitable frequency and phase angle of two mutually shifted by 90 ° sine waves, and the required amplitudes for these sine waves are calculated.
- the aim of the anti-ballistic system is to make it possible to audibly and measurably measure the sound suppression or the influence of sound at least outside the laboratory mill.
- antinoise or "antisound” is used according to the invention for distinguishing between the airborne noise and the interfering sound that is carried in the laboratory mill and / or emitted by the laboratory mill.
- counter-noise is ordinary airborne sound.
- a piezoelectric actuator in particular a piezo film or a piezoceramic disk element, can be used as the sound generation unit, the piezoelectric actuator itself generating a counter-sound field in accordance with its control.
- Such actuators are hereinafter referred to as “electro-acoustic actuators”.
- Piezo actuators are power converters that convert electrical signals into mechanical deflection and can thus regulate control systems.
- Industrially produced piezo elements are mostly ceramics. These ceramics are made of synthetic, inorganic, ferroelectric and polycrystalline ceramics. The piezoceramic expands when an electrical voltage is applied in the direction of the electric field.
- the piezoactuator preferably has the largest possible ratio of its surface area to its thickness in order to achieve a sufficiently high sound intensity or a sufficiently high sound pressure level in counter-sound generation.
- the piezoelectric actuator can also be coupled to a membrane.
- the sound generation unit is a piezo film. Piezo films are thin-walled and can thus be applied, for example, to a device and / or housing wall of the laboratory mill without constructional changes to the laboratory mill. When using piezo foils, it is no longer necessary to introduce openings for inserting loudspeakers into the wall. In principle, however, the invention also allows conventional loudspeakers to be used instead of piezo foils.
- the sound generation unit can also be formed by an arrangement which has an electromechanical actuator which interacts with a device and / or housing parts of the laboratory mill which are arranged to oscillate. By deflection of an electromechanical actuator, the device and / or housing part itself is set in vibration and the device and / or housing part then generates a counter-sound field.
- the electromechanical actuator forms an active oscillator, which acts directly on an oscillatable device and / or housing part and sets the device and / or housing part in vibration, whereby a back-field is generated.
- the device and / or housing part is then used as a speaker.
- the device and / or housing part acts as a membrane to generate counter-noise.
- electromechanical actuator can also be used a piezoelectric actuator.
- An electromechanical actuator can also be formed by a spring-mass vibration system, which is acted upon by a drive and is coupled to a component wall of the laboratory mill.
- the laboratory mill on a sound sensor for the conversion of background noise in an interference signal
- the control unit is configured to generate the antinoise signal by analyzing the interference signal.
- a sound sensor such as a microphone
- noise from sources of interference in the laboratory mill can be detected and converted into an interference signal.
- the analysis of the interfering signal may preferably take place in the frequency domain.
- the interference signal can be divided into frequency components in real time. By appropriate filtering, special frequency bands in which background noise is generated particularly strongly can be filtered out.
- control unit may be configured so that the counter-sounding signal from a number of in a memory unit reserved antinoise signal profiles is selectable.
- the selection can be made as a function of an active operating mode of the laboratory mill and / or depending on the sample or feed materials processed and / or treated during operation of the laboratory mill with the laboratory mill.
- the selection can also be made as a function of a ground material to be comminuted, in particular of its mechanical and / or physical properties. With this configuration no sound sensor is needed. Rather, the antinoise signal profiles are generated on the basis of an analysis of background noise during the course of different operating modes of the laboratory mill and / or when processing different sample or feed materials.
- the antinoise signals may, for example, in a centrifugal mill depend on the rotational speed of a grinding tool, which may change from operating mode to operating mode and / or on the grinding stock used.
- the sound generating unit is arranged within a housing of the laboratory mill, but may in principle also be provided on the outside of the housing. It is not necessary and in some cases also not technically possible for the sound generating unit to be connected directly to a device and / or housing part of the laboratory mill or to cooperate therewith, which itself emits disturbing noise.
- the actuator is arranged on a sound-emitting device and / or housing part directly or indirectly adjacent further equipment and / or housing part of the laboratory mill and / or cooperates with this.
- an effective reduction of the noise is possible directly in the vicinity of the source of noise generation.
- the sound generating unit is integrated in a wall of a device and / or housing part of the laboratory mill.
- integrated piezoceramic actuators can actively initiate vibrations in a component structure in order to excite them and to generate a counter-sound field.
- a piezoelectric actuator can be cast in a device and / or housing and thus receives the required for the actuator application bias.
- the piezoceramic can be optimally integrated into the material structure of the device and / or housing part and protect against contamination.
- the grinding chamber is the origin of noise emissions, so that the sound generating unit can be arranged in particular adjacent to the grinding chamber.
- the sound generating unit may be arranged in the vicinity of a drive motor of the laboratory mill.
- the actuator can be arranged on and / or cooperate with a device and / or housing part directly or indirectly surrounding the grinding chamber.
- a collecting container connected to the grinding chamber, in particular enclosing the grinding chamber can be provided for comminuted material to be ground.
- the actuator can then be arranged on the collecting container and / or interact with it.
- the actuator on the outside of the collecting container, that is arranged outside of the receiving space of the collecting container for comminuted material to be ground.
- a lid of the collecting container may be suitably equipped with a counter-noise device.
- a ring sieve enclosing the grinding chamber, wherein the actuator is arranged on the ring sieve and / or cooperates with this.
- the collecting container can be provided on the outer circumference of the ring sieve.
- the laboratory mill has a grinding channel which extends through a housing of the laboratory mill to the grinding chamber and is provided for a grinding material inlet into the grinding chamber and / or for a grinding material outlet from the grinding chamber, a continuous air sound path between the emission source in the region can be provided via the grinding material channel form the grinding tool and the environment of the crushing device. Airborne sound from the interior of the comminution device reaches the environment via the grinding material channel, so that the arrangement of a counter sounding device in the area of the grinding material channel is advantageous.
- an electroacoustic actuator can be provided, which is arranged on a separate hopper, which is inserted into a Mahlgutkanal the laboratory mill.
- an electromechanical actuator may be provided which acts against the hopper and the hopper itself to vibrate to aellesschal! Field to produce.
- An electro-acoustic actuator can also be attached to a housing cover! the laboratory mill can be arranged to produce anti or counter sound.
- an electromechanical actuator to cooperate with a housing cover in order to stimulate the cover to vibrate and thus to generate a counter-sound field.
- the emission direction of the counter-sound waves should preferably coincide with the emission direction of the Störschallwellen. This can be achieved by a suitable arrangement of the actuator.
- FIGS. 1-8 described aspects of the invention are not limited to the structural embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 8 and features of different embodiments are combined as needed.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a centrifugal mill with possible positions for a counter sound system
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a counter-noise device for active noise reduction and / or at least partial extinction of background noise
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a counter-vibration device for the active vibration reduction of a noise-emitting device and / or housing part and for at least partial extinction of the noise-generating vibrations,
- FIG. 4 shows the centrifugal mill shown in FIG. 1 with possible positions for a counter-vibration system
- FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of a separate insertion funnel for use in a comminution device for laboratory operation, schematically showing possible position locations for a counter-vibration system on the funnel,
- FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a funnel for a crushing device
- Fig. 7 the funnel of Fig. 6, inserted into the Mahlgutkanal a centrifugal mill in a partial sectional view and
- Fig. 8 is a laboratory mill with a above a Mahlguttrichter the
- FIG. 1 shows by way of example the structural design of a laboratory mill 1 constructed as a rotor mill or a centrifugal mill.
- a laboratory mill 1 constructed as a rotor mill or a centrifugal mill.
- the aspects described below also apply to other laboratory mills having a different structural design, in particular for ball mills.
- the laboratory mill 1 has a rotor 3 coupled to a drive shaft 2 as a grinding tool, wherein a grinding chamber 4, in which the rotor 3 rotates during a grinding process, is enclosed by a ring sieve 5.
- a ring sieve 5 On the outer circumference of the ring sieve 5, an annular collecting container 6 is arranged for comminuted material to be ground.
- the collecting container 6 is with a removable container cover! 7 lockable.
- Mahlgutzuzen into the grinding chamber 4 via a Mahlgutkanal 8, which is in fluid communication with a Mahlguteinlassö réelle 9. About the Mahlguteinlassö réelle 9 the Malgutzubow to the grinding chamber 4.
- Mahlgutkanal 8 may be open during operation of the crushing device 1 to the environment. As a result, a successive feed of the ground material to the grinding chamber 4 is ensured during the grinding operation.
- the Mahlgutkanal 8 is limited in the embodiment shown by way of example by a funnel-shaped wall portion 10 of a housing cover 1 1 of the laboratory mill. 1
- the housing cover 1 1 surrounds the grinding chamber 4.
- a housing 12 is also provided, which may also be designed in several parts and surrounds a drive of the laboratory mill 1.
- Housing cover 1 1 and the housing 12 form a housing or envelope of the laboratory mill 1. Above a base plate 13, the housing 12 rests on a background. The base plate 13 forms part of the device installation of the comminution device 1.
- the laboratory mill 1 develops noise emissions as a result of the high rotational speeds of centrifugal mills, which are transmitted as airborne and / or as structure-borne noise. These coupled to the speed of the rotor 3 signals are very disturbing due to the usually high speeds in the laboratory.
- periodic shocks resulting from the comminution process periodic sound emissions occur. Acoustic emissions may arise from the comminution process itself or from a developing air flow that is cyclically interrupted by the periodic comminution process.
- Mahlgutkanal 8 airborne noise is emitted from the grinding chamber 4 in the environment. If the Mahlgutkanal 8 is open during the grinding operation for a successive supply of the ground material to the grinding chamber 4, there is a continuous airborne sound path between the emission source in the region of the grinding tool and the environment of the crushing device. 1
- structure-borne noise emissions occur, which are based on vibrations and vibrations of device parts and / or housing parts of the comminuting device 1, which start from the grinding chamber 4.
- These device and / or housing parts can set ambient air into vibrations and thus generate airborne noise and / or amplify airborne noise emissions via the grinding material channel 8.
- vibrating device parts and / or housing parts in turn cause adjacent device and / or housing parts to vibrate, with the result that the adjacent device parts can also emit airborne sound.
- At least one antinoise device 14 shown schematically in FIG. 2 can be provided.
- This comprises a control unit 15 for providing an antinoise signal 16 and at least one controllable sound generating unit 17, which is shown schematically in Fig. 2 as a loudspeaker.
- the sound generation unit 17 can also be a piezoactuator, in particular a piezo film.
- piezoceramic disk elements can also be used. the.
- the sound generation unit 17 generates a counter-shell field 18 for active noise reduction and / or at least partial extinction of an interference sound field 19 emanating from the grinding chamber 4 and generated by the rotating grinding tool during the comminution process.
- the counter-sound waves 20 generated by the sound generation unit 17 may correspond in terms of amplitude and frequency substantially to the interfering sound waves 21 originating from the grinding chamber 4, but have a phase shift of preferably 180 ° relative to these. Although it may not be possible to extinguish the entire spectrum of interfering sound, at least a significant reduction of the sound emissions can be achieved.
- Fig. 2 is shown schematically that it can come through the counter shell field 18 for almost complete extinction of the Störschallfelds 19.
- the measurement of the outgoing from the grinding chamber 4 Störschallfelds 19 is carried out with a microphone 22.
- the microphone 22 converts the noise into a noise signal 23, the control unit 15, the noise signal 23 evaluates and based on the evaluation generates a counter sound signal 16.
- a second microphone 24 may be provided, which serves as an error microphone and, if the background noise should not be completely extinguished, transmitted an error signal 25 to the control unit 15.
- the control unit 15 is designed as a regulator. In principle, however, pure control in dependence on the interfering sound waves 21 incident with the microphone 22 can also be provided in the counter-sound generation.
- Fig. 1 are shown schematically options for the spatial arrangement of a counter sound device 14 on the laboratory mill 1 and marked with "X".
- a counter-noise device 14 for example, in the region of the grinding chamber 4 directly or indirectly surrounding device and / or housing part may be provided.
- the sound generating unit 17, or an electroacoustic and / or electromechanical actuator can be connected to the collecting container 6, in particular on its outer wall, be arranged.
- an electro-acoustic and / or electromechanical actuator can be integrated in a wall of the collecting container 6.
- an electroacoustic and / or an electromechanical actuator can be arranged on or in the container lid 7 and / or on or in the annular sieve 5.
- a sound generating unit 17 in the region of the grinding channel 8 bounding wall portion 10 of the housing cover 1 1 and / or on the housing 12.
- a Schallerzeu- generating unit 17 may be provided on a side wall 26 of the housing cover 11, which is spaced from the Mahlgutkanal 8.
- an electromechanical actuator can interact with a device or housing wall and stimulate them to vibrate, thus generating counter-noise.
- the housing wall can then act as a membrane and generate the counter sound.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a counter-vibration device 27 for a laboratory mill 1 shown in FIG.
- the counter-vibration device 27 preferably has a plurality of sensors 28 and a controllable vibration generating unit 29. It may also be provided only a sensor 28. Furthermore, a control unit 29a is provided which generates a counter-vibration signal 29b.
- the vibration generating unit 29 is designed to convert the counter-vibration signal 29b into counter-vibrations 30 for active vibration reduction of an otherwise oscillatable device and / or housing part 31 of the comminuting device 1. This ensures that generated during operation of the laboratory mill 1 vibrations generated 32 of the device and / or housing part 31 due to the action of the vibration generating unit 29 or even completely extinguished.
- the vibration generating unit 29 may be a piezoelectric actuator and / or an electromechanical actuator in the manner of a spring-mass vibration system.
- the vibration generating unit 29 is preferably placed on the device and / or housing part 31 and / or acts ge gen the device and / or housing part 31.
- the vibration generating unit 29 may also be integrated or embedded in a wall of the device and / or housing part 31. It can also be provided a modular system, with at least one vibration generating unit 29 and at least one, preferably a plurality of sensors 28, which can be used as needed for vibration reduction.
- the sensors 28 may be designed as acceleration sensors and are preferably arranged distributed spatially over the device and / or housing part 31, which is shown here in plate form for a simplified illustration. They are placed on the surface of the device and / or housing part 31 such that the vibrations 32 of the device and / or housing part 31 generated by the grinding process are detected.
- the sensor output signals 28a are then supplied to the control unit 29a, which generates counter-vibration signals 29b and transmits them to the oscillation generation unit 29 for active vibration reduction.
- a microphone may be provided to detect from the device and / or housing part 31 during laboratory operation outgoing noise and convert it into a sensor output signal 28.
- the vibration generating unit 29 then generates countervibrations 30 from the countervibration signals 29b which excite the device and / or housing part 31 in antiphase and counteract the vibrations 32 of the device and / or housing part 31. Vibrations of the device and / or housing part 31 are damped. As a result, radiated from the device and / or housing part 31 noise or noise is significantly reduced or completely extinguished.
- the signal transmission between the sensors 28, the vibration generating unit 29 and the control unit 29a can be carried out by radio or by means of control signal lines.
- the control unit 29a can be designed as a controller.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows possible positions for the arrangement of a counter-vibration device 27 on a comminution device 1.
- the GE- Genschwingungs shark 27 is used for active anti-phase excitation of device and / or housing walls of the crushing device 1, to reduce vibrations of the device and / or housing walls, which go back to the grinding operation. This also reduces background noise.
- the laboratory mill 1 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the type and construction of the laboratory mill 1 shown in FIG. 1, but a separate hopper 33 is inserted into the mill channel 8.
- the filling funnel 33 is designed as a silencer and leads to a passive reduction of noise emissions by reflection of airborne sound at cross-sectional and / or direction changes in the hopper 33rd
- a counter-vibration device 27 may be provided on or in the region of an outer or inner wall of the housing 12. Also in the area of the housing cover 11, in particular in the area of the wall section 10 bounding the grinding material channel 8, a correspondingly formed counter-vibration device 27 can be arranged.
- the counter-vibration device 27 can be arranged from the outside or from the inside on the respective wall of the housing 12 and / or the housing cover 11. It can also be integrated into the wall.
- a counter-vibration device 27 can also be provided directly on the filling funnel 33, preferably on the outside of the filling funnel 33 facing away from the grinding stock.
- FIG. 4 it is shown in FIG. 4 that a counter-vibration device 27 can also be provided directly on the filling funnel 33, preferably on the outside of the filling funnel 33 facing away from the grinding stock.
- the base plate 13 is located above rubber elements 34 on a surface.
- the rubber elements 34 lead to a passive decoupling of the base plate 13 from the ground and to a passive damping of the vibration transmission.
- at least one counter-vibration device 27 can be provided in order to excite the base plate 13 in an opposite phase and thus to additionally actively decouple it.
- noise-generating vibrations of the base plate 13 can be actively reduced and / or at least partially extinguished.
- Each rubber element 34 may be associated with a counter-vibration device 27.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show alternative embodiments of filling funnels 33, which can be used as separate appliance parts as required in the grinding stock channel 8 of a laboratory mill 1 and for the passive reduction of acoustic emissions by reflection of airborne sound at cross-sectional and / or direction changes in the hopper 33 lead.
- the funnel 33 is introduced into the airborne sound path between the grinding chamber 4 and the outside air surrounding the comminuting device 1.
- the sound waves are placed in the hopper 33 obstacles in the way, so that they are thrown back and deflected. Partly the sound waves cancel each other out. Through different cross sections of the damper it comes to the sound reflection and thus to a sound reduction.
- the reduction of acoustic emissions due to the geometry of the funnel 33 can be at least 10 dB (A), preferably at least 20 dB (A), particularly preferably at least 30 dB (A).
- the hopper 33 shown in Fig. 5 has an upper edge portion 35 which is provided for supporting the hopper 33 on the housing cover 1 1.
- the hopper 33 has at its upper end a tapered funnel portion 36 and a downwardly adjoining cylindrical neck portion 37.
- a back splash guard 38 is provided, which is formed by a conical wall portion 39.
- the wall section 39 is held on the neck section 37 via wall sections 40, which are elongated in the axial direction in a web-like manner.
- the feed of a ground material into the grinding chamber 4 takes place via an inlet opening 41 at the upper end of the filling funnel 33 via the funnel section 36 and the neck section 37 past the web-shaped wall sections 40 in the direction of the grinding chamber 4.
- At least one counter-vibration device 27, in particular of the type shown in FIG. 3, can be provided from outside at different points of the filling funnel 33.
- the hopper 33 can actively activate in phase opposition during operation of the laboratory mill 1, which leads to the vibration reduction and at least partial extinction of disturbance-generating oscillations of the hopper 33.
- an antinoise device 14 can alternatively or additionally be provided on the funnel 33.
- Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a multi-part hopper 33.
- the same reference numerals of the hopper 33 shown in Figs. 5 and 6 denote the same and / or functionally identical areas and sections.
- the filling funnel 33 from FIG. 6 has an insert 43 with a funnel-shaped wall section 44, which has at its lower end the re-injection protection 38. forms.
- the insert 43 can be held latching in the inlet opening 41 of the Ein spaiitrichters 33.
- the counter-vibration device 27 may be provided, for example, on an outer edge 42 of the edge portion 35.
- a counter-vibration device 27 may be provided on the funnel section 36 and / or on the neck section 37 and / or in the region of the re-splash guard 38.
- a Jacobschwingungseinrich- device 27 may also be provided on the insert 43, wherein counter-vibrations 30 are transmitted to the insert 43 in order to dampen the vibrations of the insert 43 and vibrations and thus noise, which of the insert 43 goes out during operation of the laboratory mill 1, reduce or even extinguish completely.
- Fig. 7 shows the hopper 33 of FIG. 6 after insertion into the Mahlgutkanal 8 a laboratory mill 1.
- an off-center supply of a ground material to the hopper 33 may be provided.
- the Mahlgutzuschreib can be done via a groove 45 which is guided through a cover 46 therethrough.
- the cover 46 covers the hopper 33 used in the Mahlgutkanal 8 and can rest on the outer edge 42 of the Einglaiitrichters 33.
- On the cover 46 and / or on the channel 45 may also be provided a counter-vibration device 27. It is not shown that a counter sounding device 14 can be provided on the cover 46 and / or on the channel 45.
- the laboratory mill 1 shown in Fig. 8 corresponds to the type and structure of the laboratory mill 1 shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 7. Identical and / or functionally identical components have been identified by the same reference numerals.
- the laboratory mill 1 of FIG. 8 has a hopper 33, which allows an off-center supply of a ground material.
- the hopper 33 is preferably rotatably inserted into a hopper housing 47.
- the funnel housing 47 is preferably supported on the housing cover 11 and thus covers the Mahlgutkanal 8.
- the shown geometry of the arrangement of hopper 33 and hopper housing 47 leads to a passive reduction of noise emissions during operation of the crushing device 1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016003746 | 2016-04-01 | ||
DE102016014636.2A DE102016014636A1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2016-12-09 | laboratory apparatus |
PCT/EP2017/025075 WO2017167460A1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2017-04-03 | Laboratory mill |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3280534A1 true EP3280534A1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
EP3280534B1 EP3280534B1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17718024.7A Active EP3280534B1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2017-04-03 | Laboratory grinder |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10639644B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3280534B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN209501847U (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016014636A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017167460A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016013022A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Retsch Gmbh | Shredding device for laboratory operation and damper for a shredding device |
CH712632A2 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-29 | Frewitt Fabrique De Machines Sa | Grinding device |
CN108993722A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-14 | 芜湖薰衣草知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of crusher and its processing method of garbage disposal |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH512935A (en) | 1969-03-03 | 1971-09-30 | Spemag Ag | Centrifugal ball mill for comminuting granular material to be ground |
US5367612A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1994-11-22 | Science Applications International Corporation | Neurocontrolled adaptive process control system |
JP3286057B2 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 2002-05-27 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Control device for continuous hot rolling mill |
US5668744A (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1997-09-16 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. | Active noise control using piezoelectric sensors and actuators |
JP3325157B2 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 2002-09-17 | 株式会社間組 | Ultra low frequency sound reduction device for vibration sieve |
JPH0975767A (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-25 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Crude refuse pulverizing device |
US7623993B2 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2009-11-24 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Method and system to perform energy-extraction based active noise control |
US8439299B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2013-05-14 | General Electric Company | Active cancellation and vibration isolation with feedback and feedforward control for an aircraft engine mount |
DE202006005810U1 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2006-06-08 | Aufbereitungstechnologie Noll Gmbh | Grinding pot for drum and planetary mills |
DE102009024343A1 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-16 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic device with noise suppression system |
DE102012210270A1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-19 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Hot drink preparation device i.e. fully automatic coffee machine, for use in private household area, has controller for actuating actuator such that anti-sound is emitted and extinguishes emitted sound waves by destructive interference |
US9114949B2 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-08-25 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Monitoring a media roll mounted in a printing apparatus |
US9226061B2 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-12-29 | Daniel T. Lilley, Jr. | Speaker assembly |
US10486162B2 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2019-11-26 | Emerson Electric Co. | Food waste disposer noise reduction using active noise control |
-
2016
- 2016-12-09 DE DE102016014636.2A patent/DE102016014636A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-04-03 CN CN201790000917.9U patent/CN209501847U/en active Active
- 2017-04-03 EP EP17718024.7A patent/EP3280534B1/en active Active
- 2017-04-03 US US16/089,815 patent/US10639644B2/en active Active
- 2017-04-03 WO PCT/EP2017/025075 patent/WO2017167460A1/en active Application Filing
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DE102016014636A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
US10639644B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
EP3280534B1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
WO2017167460A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
CN209501847U (en) | 2019-10-18 |
US20190126285A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
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