EP3280161A1 - Speaker system - Google Patents

Abstract

A loudspeaker system for a vehicle comprises a loudspeaker array which has a plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers which can be controlled individually so that a user-specific audio signal for different users at different listening positions in a vehicle interior of the vehicle can be reproduced via the plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers. The loudspeaker array or a sound outlet of the loudspeaker array is in this case in particular between at least two of the listening positions in the vehicle interior, thus e.g. between the driver and the passenger seat, arranged. The electroacoustic transducers are coupled to first sound guides for sound output in a first area, wherein each sound guide comprises a sound exit opening, wherein the plurality of sound exit openings is arranged such that an average distance between the sound exit openings is smaller than a possible average distance between the juxtaposed electroacoustics sound transducers.

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a loudspeaker system for a vehicle, in particular with a loudspeaker array, generally to loudspeaker arrays having a plurality of electroacoustic transducers in different arrangement configurations and to a loudspeaker loudspeaker array.

Future infotainment systems in vehicles and the associated speaker systems in vehicles must meet demanding tasks in complex traffic scenarios. For this purpose, an absolutely reliable function is assumed, whereby dangers in any driving situations for the driver, e.g. due to malfunction, must be excluded. Here, communication requirements and rapid information provision as well as undisturbed audio playback play an essential role. Not only vehicle noises are to be understood as disturbing signals, but also parallel consumption of different audio contents, such as the simultaneous telephoning and consuming of media content from the point of view of several passengers. Such challenges require system properties that allow individual sonication to limited listening areas, so-called sound or auditory zones.

In addition to the electro-acoustic components, efficient algorithms for noise suppression and efficient data communication to control the adaptive system are typically required to implement these systems.

Based on this problem, there are already some concepts used on the market or at least partially tested. An example is the personalized sound (by means of sound zones) by using speakers in the immediate vicinity of the ears of the listener in the respective sound zone, eg by speaker integration in the corresponding head restraints of each car seat per listening zone. Such a system with grouped loudspeakers is in the patent US 8,126,159 disclosed. An advantage of this approach is the high acoustic separation from the adjacent sound zones, due to the large difference in hearing distance. Here is the theoretical model of the level decrease with approx. 6 dB per distance doubling (with ideal spherical wave propagation) on. A disadvantage of this approach is the high interference sensitivity, eg due to head movements. This leads to a strong level fluctuations and significant impairment of spatial perception, eg loss of stereo images.

A second prior art approach relates to the personalized sound zones that may be generated using ultrasound technology. Hörschall is modulated on ultrasound carriers and emitted highly focused on the hearing zones. The basic requirement of this modulation principle is the emission of very high ultrasonic levels, e.g. greater than 130 dB. The advantage of this approach is that the ultrasound due to the favorable ratios of wavelength to the size of the active "radiating surface", defined by the speaker size and the speaker array size, emitted more focused than frequencies of the audio frequency range. Thus, a higher acoustic separation of the sound zones is possible with the same size of the speaker technology used. The disadvantage of this approach is not only that ultrasound can be damaging to health at certain power levels (cf the use of ultrasound in the medical field for the destruction of kidney stones), but also that with the use of ultrasound to strong reflections in the vehicle interior, the adversely affect the acoustic channel separation. Furthermore, the use of ultrasound requires a high power requirement, which is synonymous with low energy efficiency. In addition, there is a strong non-linear transmission behavior due to the demodulation principle, which results in a low sound quality, which is usually sufficient only for voice playback.

Another state-of-the-art approach is based on so-called beamforming. For this purpose, several speakers are used, for example, distributed in the vehicle and / or grouped into a speaker array. The targeted control of each speaker, a directed sound radiation, eg for individual sound zones, achieved. In connection with this, for example, the patent US 8,073,156 which discloses the use of line-shaped speaker arrays in a vehicle. This makes it possible to focus a sound pattern on one or more positions in the vehicle. The patent document US 2012/0 121 113 discloses the use of another speaker array in a vehicle including a corresponding controller. The advantage over the former approach lies in the more stable sound zone, even with head movement. Furthermore, there is no immediate proximity of the seating position necessary to a speaker installation position. Compared to the second-mentioned approach, there is no danger potential here due to the high sound pressure. In addition, a better sound quality compared to this ultrasound approach is achievable. A disadvantage, however, is the achievable sound focusing, which often results in insufficient channel separation, in particular due to the realizable array dimensions, the achievable sound transducer distances (distance from adjacent electroacoustic transducers) and the number of transducers per array result. In addition, the channel separation of previous beamforming approaches is reduced by the room-acoustic influences in the vehicle, reflections or room modes.

Furthermore, the patent discloses US 7,343,020 an automotive audio system with directional, planar transducers to create stereo or surround sound for each passenger individually. The patent US 2003/0021433 discloses a speaker configuration together with a signal processor for stereo channel generation for all passengers individually by using a center speaker. The patent EP 2 143 300 B1 discloses a vehicle speaker system with directional transducers oriented to the respective seating positions (= listening positions). All three latter approaches from the US / EP patents have in common that due to the derived speaker technology can lead to insufficient channel separation or crosstalk. Therefore, there is a need for an improved approach.

The object of the present invention is to provide a concept for a loudspeaker system, in particular for a vehicle loudspeaker system, which avoids the disadvantages described above and thus enables high-quality surround sound generation with good channel separation.

The object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims.

An embodiment according to a first aspect includes a speaker system for a vehicle having a speaker array. The loudspeaker array comprises a plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers which can be controlled individually so that a user-specific audio signal for different users at different listening positions in a vehicle interior of the vehicle can be displayed via the plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers. The loudspeaker array or, in the case of inserted sound guides, a sound outlet of the loudspeaker array is in this case in particular between at least two of the listening positions in the vehicle interior, so for example between the driver and the passenger seat arranged.

The embodiments of the first aspect are therefore based on the recognition that a loudspeaker system for a vehicle, in particular with regard to channel separation, e.g. when reproducing different audio content at the different listening positions, it can be improved by arranging a loudspeaker array centrally in the sense of centered on all or the relevant listening positions. The loudspeaker array used may have a separate sound lobe for each listening position (or each relevant listening position), e.g. For stereo, build up several separate sound lobes per zone. Due to the central arrangement of the loudspeaker array, e.g. in the headliner between the seats, it is achieved that the loudspeaker array is approximately equidistant from each relevant listening position, so that each sound lobe has similar extension and, in particular, that the sound lobes are also oriented in opposite directions with regard to their direction the channel separation is optimal especially for user-specific audio playback.

As already indicated above, a preferred positioning of the loudspeaker array would be according to the embodiments in the headliner of the vehicle, in the center console, in the dashboard or in the parcel shelf, according to further exemplary embodiments is particularly important that a distance between the array and the listening positions or at least the relevant listening positions (subset of all listening positions) essentially, ie So with a different +/- 30% is the same.

Depending on further exemplary embodiments, at least one additional loudspeaker, such as, for example, the customary loudspeaker in the door or the mirror triangle and / or a differently positioned additional loudspeaker, may be provided for each listening position. The additional speaker can also be designed as a structure-borne sound converter. The additional loudspeaker is preferably arranged closer to the user than the loudspeaker array. By such a dense arrangement, it is possible that the radiated from the additional speaker sound is almost negligible with respect to the other listening positions, since it can be used here with much lower sound levels and large level difference due to large difference in the listening distance. This additional loudspeaker makes it possible to produce stereo or mono with local level boost or frequency extension (eg bass) for each listening position.

Stereo can also be generated with the aid of the majority of electroacoustic transducers and the loudspeaker array based on the technique of acoustic beamforming. In this case, for example, at least two beams (sound lobes) or even a stereo beam are generated per listening position. In this context, it must also be mentioned that it would be conceivable that, with the aid of transfer functions which emulate psychoacoustic effects, the sound sources to be generated are positioned virtually in space. Advantageous in the positioning of the sources by means of beamforming it would be according to additional embodiments that the beams are tracked taking into account the seat adjustment and the head position of the handset, so that regardless of the seating position results in a consistently good playback impression.

According to a further embodiment, the loudspeaker system comprises a signal processor which, for example for beamforming, individually activates the electroacoustic sound transducer and / or the additional loudspeaker (s).

Another embodiment according to a second aspect provides a loudspeaker array having a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers, e.g. small acoustic transducers arranged on a first line and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers, e.g. large transducers, which are arranged on just the first line. Here, the mean distance between the first electroacoustic transducers is smaller compared to the mean distance between the second electroacoustic transducers.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the second aspect, the first electroacoustic sound transducers are arranged in a first area region, while the second electroacoustic sound transducers are arranged in a second area region. Here, the average density of the arrangement of the first electroacoustic transducers (e.g., again the small electroacoustic transducers for the treble range) is then greater than the average density of the second electroacoustic transducers (e.g., large electroacoustic transducers for the low frequency range).

Embodiments of this second aspect is based on the finding that the arrangement of transducers of different types in an array need not necessarily be uniformly distributed, but that it may even be advantageous if smaller transducers, which are typically used for high frequency ranges a higher "packing density" are installed, as larger transducers for lower frequency ranges, since the possibility of high-focussed radiation in the higher frequency range, but also the location for high frequency ranges is better than in the low frequency range. Such a sound transducer arrangement thus offers the advantage that both a broad frequency range and a possibility for accurate sound focussing can be achieved.

In corresponding exemplary embodiments, an arrangement described above can be effected either on a line by framing at least two of the first electroacoustic sound transducers through one of the second electroacoustic transducers per side or in the two-dimensional region in a trolley. Furthermore, it would also be conceivable that in addition third electro-acoustic sound transducers are provided which fit in a similar arrangement in the array. Here, a similar arrangement means that the mean distance between adjacent sound transducers of the same type increases with increasing sound transducer size or that the average density decreases.

The speaker array according to this second aspect is suitable for serving as a speaker array in the speaker system according to the first aspect. This is particularly advantageous since the addressed array arrangement with the varying packing density offers the possibility of realizing arrays with a high and adjustable directional characteristic while at the same time having a small installation space, as is required, for example, in a central arrangement in the vehicle interior.

A further embodiment according to a third aspect provides a loudspeaker array having a plurality of electro-acoustic sound transducers which are coupled at their sound emission surface with sound guides for sound output or for sound control, wherein each sound guide comprises a sound outlet opening. The plurality of sound outlet openings is arranged so that a mean distance between the sound outlet openings is smaller than a (possible) average distance between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers.

The embodiments of this third aspect is based on the finding that in loudspeaker arrays a compact distribution of the individual sound sources, in particular with regard to the selective sound focusing in the sound radiation is to be preferred. For a compact distribution even with large-scale arrays, eg due to of large sound transducers, according to the invention (for this third aspect) funnel-shaped sound guides, which are each coupled to an electroacoustic transducer used. The sound outlet openings of the sound guides are smaller than the sound inlet openings of the sound guides, so that the sound outlet openings can be arranged as a compact field. Thus, the directional characteristic for an array coupled with a plurality of sound guides can be improved.

According to embodiments, the loudspeaker array according to this third aspect can be combined well with the basic idea of the loudspeaker array of the second aspect. Furthermore, use of the sound guides in loudspeaker systems of the first aspect is also possible or advantageous.

Fig. 1a

ein exemplarisches Schaubild einer Anordnung eines Lautsprecher-Arrays in einem Fahrzeug gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel (Mono) des ersten Aspekts;

Fig. 1b

ein schematisches Schaubild einer Anordnung in einem Fahrzeug gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels (teilweise Stereo) des ersten Aspekts;

Fig. 1c,d

schematische Schaubilder von der Anordnung eines Lautsprecher-Arrays in Kombination mit Zusatzschallwandlern in einem Fahrzeug gemäß weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen (teilweise Stereo) des ersten Aspekts;

Fig. 2a

ein schematisches Schaubild eines Lautsprecher-Arrays mit Schallwandlern unterschiedlichen Typs für das Lautsprechersystem gemäß den Ausführungsbeispielen aus Figs.1a-1d;

Fig. 2b

ein schematisches Schaubild eines Linienförmigen Lautsprecher-Arrays mit Schallwandlern unterschiedlichen Typs gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel des zweiten Aspekts;

Fig. 2c

ein schematisches Schaubild eines Lautsprecher-Arrays mit flächig angeordneten Schallwandlern unterschiedlichen Typs gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel des zweiten Aspekts;

Fig. 2d

ein Schaubild eines Lautsprecher-Arrays mit Schallwandlern unterschiedlichen Typs gemäß einem zusätzlichen Ausführungsbeispiel des zweiten Aspekts; und

Fig. 3

ein schematisches Schaubild eines Lautsprecher-Arrays mit einer Vielzahl an Schallführungen gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel des dritten Aspekts.

Embodiments of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1a

an exemplary diagram of an arrangement of a speaker array in a vehicle according to a first embodiment (mono) of the first aspect;

Fig. 1b

a schematic diagram of an arrangement in a vehicle according to another embodiment (partial stereo) of the first aspect;

Fig. 1c, d

schematic diagrams of the arrangement of a speaker array in combination with additional sound transducers in a vehicle according to further embodiments (in part stereo) of the first aspect;

Fig. 2a

a schematic diagram of a speaker array with transducers of different types for the speaker system according to the embodiments of Figs.1a-1d ;

Fig. 2b

a schematic diagram of a line-shaped speaker array with transducers of different types according to an embodiment of the second aspect;

Fig. 2c

a schematic diagram of a speaker array with areally arranged sound transducers of different types according to another embodiment of the second aspect;

Fig. 2d

a diagram of a loudspeaker array with transducers of different types according to an additional embodiment of the second aspect; and

Fig. 3

a schematic diagram of a speaker array having a plurality of sound guides according to an embodiment of the third aspect.

Before embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the figures, it should be noted that identical elements or structures are provided with the same reference numerals, so that the description of the invention is interchangeable or mutually applicable.

Fig. 1a shows a schematically illustrated vehicle interior 10 in plan view with four listening positions 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, each defined by a seat on which the potential listener can sit. The speaker system 1 for the vehicle interior 10 includes a speaker array 20 including the plurality of electro-acoustic sound transducers 20a-20h.

As illustrated herein, the array 20 is relatively centrally located with respect to the vehicle interior 10, with the result that the array 20 is arranged at least between two listening positions (subset of all listening positions 12a-12d), here even between the four listening positions 12a-12d is. As a possible space for the speaker array is here, for example, the headliner, the center console, but also alternative to call the dashboard or parcel shelf. Generally speaking, this means that the loudspeaker array 20 can be installed above or below or even at the level of the listening zones 12a-12d or the ear height of the listener. For the sake of completeness it should be noted that the term refers centrally to all listening zones 12a-12d or at least to a subset of the listening zones 12a-12d, eg the listening zone 12a and 12b. The following will discuss the operation of the thus realized speaker system for the vehicle.

In the illustrated example, a sound lobe 22a-22d, which is preferably aligned with the listening zones 12a-12d or at least associated therewith, is formed by the loudspeaker array per listening position 12a-12d. The formation of these sound lobes 22a-22d takes place in that the sound transducers 20a-20h of the loudspeaker array 20 are controlled differently, for example taking into account so-called beamforming algorithms, which can also incorporate the radiation characteristic of the individual transducers 20a-20h and the room acoustics influences. In connection with this signal processing, reference is made to the fundamentals of the theory of wave field synthesis, which for the most part provides the basis for the beamforming carried out here. That that is, the speaker array 20 is configured to construct a separate sound lobe 22a-22d per listening site 12a-12d, with each sound lobe 22a-22d being in opposite directions (from the center to the listening sites 12a-12d) with respect to their orientation due to the central arrangement ) is oriented. In addition, (due to the central location) the speaker array 20 is approximately equidistant from each listening site 12a-12d so that each sound lobe 22a-22d has similar characteristics (e.g., amplitude and level). , These two properties contribute significantly to the achieved channel separation between channels 22a-22d. An advantage of the beamforming beams 22a-22d is that the channel separation is so good that user-specific audio signals can be generated for the listening zones 12a-12c. As a result, not only a different audio signal in the sense of loudness but even different audio contents can be reproduced in the different listening zones 12a-12d. In addition, it would also be conceivable that silence can be generated by sound cancellation in one of the sound zones 12a-12d.

Referring to the embodiment Fig. 1a It should be noted that the illustrated arrangement even fulfills a second optional specification, namely that the distance between the loudspeaker array 20 and the individual listening positions 12a-12d is essentially the same, ie with a tolerance of +/- 30% ( central arrangement). The central position of the array 20 also reduces disturbing influences of the room acoustics with respect to the sound zones, eg due to sound reflections on side windows.

According to embodiments, instead of the entire loudspeaker array 20 and a sound outlet of a sound guide (see. Fig. 3 ), which is coupled to the loudspeaker array, be centrally or generally positioned between at least two of the listening zones 12a-12d. The sound conduction typically includes a sound conductor coupled to the respective sound transducer 20a-20h per sound transducer 20a-20h, wherein a plurality form the sound outlet of the sound conductor the sound outlet of the sound guide. As a result, then the actual transducer array 20, for example, for reasons of space, at a suitable location in the car (eg in the trunk) are housed and lead the sound guide the sound to the corresponding central sound outlet.

Through such arranged speaker arrays, it is also possible to generate stereo or even 3D surround sound per listening position 12a-12d, as referring to Fig. 1b is pictured.

Fig. 1b shows the top view of the vehicle interior 10 with the four listening positions 12a-12d and the speaker array 20 of the speaker system 1. The generation of stereo is explained with reference to the position 12a, but is also transferable to the other listening positions 12a-12d.

As in Fig. 1b For the listening position 12a, a double sound lobe comprising the sound lobes 22aL and 22aR is generated. The sound lobes 22al and 22ar are aligned once on the left ear (22aL) and once on the right ear (22aR) of the listener at the listening position 12a. The generation of sound channels per listening position 12a-12d is not limited to the number 2 for stereo. Rather, several sound lobes per listening position 12a-12d can be generated to simulate, for example, surround sound. In this case, according to further exemplary embodiments, it would also be conceivable that in the generation of the sound lobes 22aL, 22aR, 22b, 22c and 22d (beams) in the signal processing transfer functions which emulate psychoacoustic effects are taken into account in order better to position the virtual sound sources in the interior 10 can. Examples of such transfer functions are HRTF functions and / or Blauert's bands.

According to further exemplary embodiments, it would also be conceivable that in the alignment of the sound lobes 22aL, 22aR, 22b, 22c and 22d consideration of sound reflections (for example over glass surfaces) or sound absorption takes place. It is therefore considered in advance to what extent direct sound reproduction and / or indirect sound reproduction, ie including wall reflections or optional sound ducts, is used.

According to still further embodiments, it would be conceivable that the sound lobes 22aL, 22aR, 22b, 22c and 22d, depending on the sitting position, the hearing position 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are aligned. In this case, for example, an informational coupling of the loudspeaker system to the (electric) seat adjustment would be conceivable.

Another embodiment of the speaker system is in Fig. 1c and 1d in which the central speaker array 20 is combined with at least one auxiliary speaker or auxiliary speaker array (or generally with an auxiliary speaker system, comprising at least one auxiliary speaker). Possible positions for the additional loudspeaker (s) are the A-, B-, C-pillar, the headrest or the headliner.

Fig. 1c shows the vehicle interior 10 (top view) with the four listening positions 12a-12d, the centrally arranged speaker array 20 of the speaker system 1 ', wherein the first listening position 12a an additional speaker 30a (here eg in the headliner, alternatively B-pillar or headrest) assigned is. This additional loudspeaker 30a is located at the listening position 12a on a side facing away from the loudspeaker array 20 (here on the left) and is more preferably, but not necessarily closer to the ear than the central loudspeaker array 20. This will then also it is ensured that another optional condition, namely that the additional loudspeaker 30a is arranged closer to a listening position 12a in comparison to the other listening positions 12b-12d, is satisfied.

As shown here, the auxiliary speaker 30a generates a sound lobe 32aL associated with one listening position 12a to one (left) ear of the listener, while the other (right) ear is sounded by the sound lobe 22aR (generated by the speaker array 20). Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, it is possible to generate stereo at the listening position 12a. The use of the auxiliary loudspeaker 30a is not limited to stereo, so the auxiliary loudspeaker 30a may generally serve to support the sound at the listening position 12a (level-up mono). In this case, it is advantageous for the additional loudspeaker 30a to be positioned close to the listening position so that the laws of the sound level drop are utilized with the distance, which results in that the sound level of the additional loudspeaker 30a in the associated hearing zone 12a is louder than in the foreign hearing zones 12b-12d. This contributes above all to the increased acoustic separation of the sound zones 12a-12d. In general, the advantages of the auxiliary loudspeaker 30a can be seen in the fact that the sound quality and the spatial impression for the associated sound zone by utilizing psychoacoustic effects be improved. It should generally be noted that as a result of the arrangement of sound transducers 20 or 30a as close as possible to the listening position (here 12a), cf. For example, sound transducers 20 and 30a with respect to the listening position 12a, the proportion of direct sound increases, so that reflections are largely obscured or are negligible.

Fig. 1d shows the vehicle interior 10 with a loudspeaker system 1 "in a side view, where the listening position 12b and the listening position 12d are shown, wherein it can further be seen that the loudspeaker array 20 is arranged centrally above the listening positions 12d and 12b (ie in the headliner) For the (front) listening position 12d, on which the sound lobe 22d is aligned, an additional loudspeaker 30d (here in the parcel shelf for generating the sound lobe 32d) is provided, which in terms of properties and purpose of the additional loudspeaker 30a Fig. 1c equivalent.

According to further embodiments, it is, as here in Fig. 1d shown, possible that each listening position, here 12d and 12b and a structure-borne sound exciter is provided as additional speakers. In the illustrated embodiment, the seat for the listening position 12b comprises the structure-borne sound exciter 35b, while the seat for the listening position 12d comprises the structure-borne sound exciter 35d. Each of these structure-borne sound exciters 35b and 35d is mechanically fixed to the seat (seat frame or headrest) for the listening position 12b or 12d (eg via the footwell) connected or generally associated with the location of the listener and trained to output the structure-borne sound 36b and 36d so that he reaches the respective listener. These structure-borne noise transducers 35b and 35d are particularly suitable as support in the low-frequency range in which a sound reproduction with small arrays (because of the limited array size) would not be sufficiently focusable. By means of optional sound decoupling means it can be ensured that the structure-borne sound 36d or 36b is imperceptible in other listening zones, eg 12a and 12c, which in turn contributes to increasing the acoustic separation between the sound zones 12a-12d.

Fig. 2a shows a loudspeaker array 50 having a plurality of type A transducers 52a-52d and a plurality of type B transducers 54a-54d. The type A transducers differ particularly in their size, and more typically but not necessarily in FIG its transmittable frequency range from the B-type electroacoustic transducers 54a-54d, eg> 1000 Hz or 500 Hz, A for the low-frequency range, eg <2000 Hz or <500 Hz). Further, the directional characteristic of the type A sound transducers 52a-52d may be different from the type B sound transducers 54a-54d. The transducers 52a-52d and 54a-54b are in FIG Formed a line-shaped transducer array 50 and have a total of less sound transducer than in the structure with two parallel arrays of the type A and B of equal length. This in Fig. 2a Array arrangements 50 shown in line form may advantageously be designed as arrays for the loudspeaker systems 1, 1 'or 1 " Fig. 1a-1d be used.

Even if the respect. Fig. 2a explained array in the form of A, B, A, B, A, B, A, B, the basic idea of the alternating arrangement is also applicable to transducer arrays with more than two different transducer types, such that, for example, a sound transducer -Arangement of A, B, C, A, B, C would be conceivable. Another possible alternative would be the transducer assembly A, A, B, B, A, A, B, B.

Referring to Fig. 2b a loudspeaker array 60 will now be discussed in which further advantages emerge. With regard to the loudspeaker array 60, it should also be noted that this could also be used for loudspeaker systems outside the motor vehicle area or that the array 60 alone offers advantages. Fig. 2b shows a loudspeaker array 60 with the sound transducers 52a-52f (type A) and the sound transducers 54a-54f (type B). Here, the sound transducers 52a-52f and 54a-54f are arranged along the line of the array 60 such that a mean distance d _{B of} the sound transducers 54a-54f is smaller than a mean distance d _{A of} the sound transducers 52a-52f, cf. d _B <d _A. Furthermore, it can also be stated that the mean distance of the transducer of the type B d _{B is} also smaller than the average mean distance d _{AB of} all transducers used (cf. Fig. 2a and 2b ). Such a configuration of the mean distance d _B in relation to the mean distance d _A can be realized by the corresponding sequence of the different sound transducers 52a-52f and 54a-54f.

As in Fig. 2b A possible form of realization would be the combination of the sound transducers in the form of A, A, B, A, B, B, B, A, B, A, A Fig. 2b shown array 60 are in the interior 60i four B-type transducers, see. 54b-54e, each framed by a type A transducer (see Figures 52c and 52d) per side, this arrangement again being framed by a respective type B transducer (see Figures 54a and 54f). This entire sound transducer arrangement is then in turn framed by two sound transducers of type A (see 52a, 52b, 52e and 52f) on each side. Such a distribution can also be described in other words as logarithmic or at least approximately logarithmic.

In this sound transducer arrangement of the array 60, it is possible to ensure that a high density of type B sound transducers operating in the high-frequency range, which is characterized by a good setting of the emission characteristic, is present in the interior area (see area marked 60i). This applies in particular in comparison to the outer area or the outer areas 60a. By such an arrangement, the two system-immanent conditions can be taken into account, namely that for the focused radiation, the loudspeaker array 60 should be larger than the wavelength, which is particularly problematic for the low-frequency reproduction due to the size of the sound transducer 54a-54h, and that at the same time for error-free reproduction, the spacing of adjacent loudspeakers should be smaller than the wavelength, which is problematic in particular for the high-frequency reproduction due to the size of the sound transducers 52a-52h.

This in Fig. 2b described principle of quasi-logarithmic arrangement is also transferable to planar transducer arrays, as in Fig. 2c will be shown. Fig. 2c Figure 5 shows an array 70 having a type B central transducer 54e surrounded by a total of eight type B sound transducers 54a-54i around (ie one on each side). In this respect, therefore, a 3 × 3 field is generated by electroacoustic transducers 54a-54d of type B by the electroacoustic transducers 54a-54d. This 3x3 array of acoustic transducers 54a-54i is located at the center of gravity of the array surface 70 with respect to the entire transducer array 70. This center of gravity is indicated by reference numeral 70i. The 3x3 field of the sound transducers 54a-54i is in turn surrounded by the sound transducers 52a-52h, type A.

In this embodiment, the mean distance of the sound transducers 54a-54i, which is referred to as density due to the two-dimensionality, is smaller than the average distance of the sound transducers 52a-52h in the outside area 70a. That is, the density in the inner region 70i is higher as compared with the density of the outer region 70a (defined by the number of acoustic transducers 52a-52h and 54a-54i per area). Even with this surface arrangement, therefore, a small sound transducer distance to highly focused radiation at the sound transducers 54a-54i for the high frequency ranges and a design-related larger sound transducer distance (for focused radiation) for the lower frequency ranges (see sound transducer 52a-52h) can be achieved ,

Although the planar acoustic transducer arrangement has been explained only in the form of a checkerboard pattern of the acoustic transducer array 70, it should be noted that other planar arrangements, e.g. concentric arrangements, with concentration of sound transducers of a certain type (B) in a certain range, e.g. in the center 70i, in which the "transducer density" varies over the area. The arrangement of the type A / B transducers does not necessarily have to be symmetrical either. Thus, an asymmetrical arrangement, that is to say a slightly offset high-frequency array (compare 54a-54i), would also be possible in the center 70i of the low-frequency array (compare 52a-52h). Advantageously, a reduction of artifacts in the emission function as a result of discontinuities can be achieved. The cause of such effects is, for example, edge reflection in tweeters, which are placed centrally on the front of the housing.

The speaker arrays 60 and 70 are designed as arrays for the embodiment Fig. 1a-d can be used and facing the speaker array Fig. 2a In addition, advantages in terms of the directivity, in particular in the beamforming for adjusting the directional characteristic in both the low-frequency and the high-frequency range and can also contribute to the avoidance of spatial aliasing effect.

The concentration of Type B transducers in the center 60i and 70i and Type A outdoor transducers 60a and 70a achieved by the acoustic transducer arrays 60 and 70 can also be achieved by a two-level transducer arrangement as discussed with reference to FIGS Fig. 2d is described.

The Fig. 2d shows a speaker array 80 with a plurality of sound transducers 52a-52h (type A), which are arranged in a line (directly) side by side in a first plane. Furthermore, the acoustic transducer array 80 comprises a plurality of sound transducers 54a-54h (type B) which are likewise arranged adjacent to one another (adjacent to one another) in a line-shaped manner. These two transducer types 52a-52h and 54a-54h are arranged in two different planes, ie one behind the other or even offset or one above the other. Both arrangements of the line arrays have in common that the line on which the transducers 52a-52h and 54a-54h are arranged is the same in the sense of parallel. Thus, despite the direct juxtaposition of the transducers of the same type 52a-52h and 54a-54h, it is possible that the mean distance d _B of the type B (54a-54h) transducers is less than the mean distance d _{A of} the transducers of the type A (52a-52h).

It should be noted that it is irrelevant for this embodiment whether the transducers of the type A are arranged in the first or second plane, and vice versa, whether the transducers of the type B are arranged in the first or second plane.

Optionally, however, it is important that the type B transducers, which are thus preferably arranged with a smaller average distance d _B , are positioned in the center of the type A sound transducer arrangement so that this embodiment of the loudspeaker array also has a concentration of Sound transducer for the high frequency range in the center can be done.

In further embodiments, it would also be possible for further sound transducers, e.g. Type C transducers are arranged in a third plane.

Referring to the speaker assemblies of the Fig. 2a-2d It should be noted that the individual transducers 52a-52h and 54a-54h can be assigned complex directional characteristics, for example by sound guides or by the sound transducer itself.

Another embodiment relates to a combination of multiple line arrays, such as e.g. the arrays 50 and 60, so that a planar loudspeaker array is formed. The line arrays 50 or 60 may have a different number of sound transducers here, so that, for example, different lengths of the line arrays result. Furthermore, it would also be conceivable that the sound transducer spacings per line array, e.g. due to the fact that different types of transducers are used vary. According to further embodiments, each line array may include different types of transducers therein, wherein the combination of line arrays of one type per line array is preferable. An exemplary embodiment is characterized in that two line arrays with the acoustic transducer type A include three line arrays with the acoustic transducer type B. Thus, a planar loudspeaker array is formed in which a certain type of transducers is concentrated in the center.

Referring to Fig. 3 An extension to the above loudspeaker arrays is described below, wherein the extension is not limited to such arrays or the automotive area.

Fig. 3 shows a speaker array 90, here performed as a combination of eight transducers 52a-52h of the same type. Each of these sound transducers 52a-52h or, to be precise, the diaphragm 56 of the sound transducers 52a-52h is coupled on its radiating side with a sound guide 92a-92h. These sound guides 92a-92h are funnel-shaped and optionally curved elements, so that the sound exit openings (see reference numeral 94) of the sound guide 92a-92h are smaller (in all or at least one dimension) than the sound inlet openings (see reference 56) on the side the electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h. The funnel of the sound guide 92a-92h is designed so that the sound input 56 is offset compared to the sound outlet openings 94, wherein depending on the combination with a sound transducer 52a-52h a different dislocation ratio is used, so that the total surface of the sound outlet openings can be reduced overall ,

As a result, the sound outlet openings 94 of the sound guides 92a-92h can be arranged close to one another with a mean spacing d _S. As a result, despite a large area speaker array 90 a very small mean distance d _S between the sound outlet openings 94 (in particular compared to the average distance d _A ) achieved, resulting in an improved adjustable directional characteristics (due to the reduction of Schallabstrahlfläche by the compact Distance d _{S of} the sound outlet openings 94 or due to the reduced virtual sound transducer distance d _S ) and better positioning of the arrays (eg in the vehicle) contributes.

The combination of the sound guide 92a-92h with one of the speaker arrays 50, 60, 70 or 80 is possible, so that a use of the sound guide for the embodiments of the speaker system 1, 1 'or 1 "from the Figs. 1a-1d it is a possibility. As a result, it is then (as already indicated above) also possible to design the sound guide 92 such that the actual transducer array 90 (or 50, 60, 70, 80), eg for reasons of space, at a suitable location in the car (eg in the trunk) is housed and the sound guide 92 the sound to the corresponding sound outlet, eg in the roof, leads, which allows a space-saving installation.

Referring to Fig. 1 It should be noted that the arrangement of the loudspeakers or loudspeaker arrays of the loudspeaker system can also take place with a predetermined orientation, for example on the listening positions 12a-12d, so that directional radiation per sound transducer is possible, which reduces the influence on the room acoustics contributes in the sound zones by the position of the speakers.

According to further embodiments, a signal control device may also be provided comprising the array 20 and the extended arrays 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 according to the principles described above (see listening zone mono 12a-12d or stereo reproduction of listening zone 12a-12d). controls and thus allows the formation of the appropriate number of high-focussed Schallabstrahlungsbeams 22a-22d, 22aL, 22aR.

Referring to Fig. 1 It should also be noted that among the user-specific signals, it is also possible to understand the insertion of other audio information, such as in infotainment signals or telecommunication audio into a specific listening zone, eg the driver listening zone 12a.

According to further embodiments, the loudspeaker system may comprise a crossover network or a processor configured to convert the input signal, if it comprises only one auditory content (ie one content for a person at a respective listening / seating position), the middle and higher frequencies to the array , For example, in the way that beam forms can be operated to provide and output the low frequencies to the structure-borne sound transducer of the respective seating position. In the case that the audio content to be reproduced comprises a plurality of parallel contents, eg for different listening / sitting positions, the crossover or the audio processor is designed to provide the middle and higher frequencies of all the audio contents to be reproduced to the array, namely that by means of beamforming the audio contents are separated for the different listening zones at the different listening positions, while the lower frequencies are split off separately and forwarded to the different structure-borne sound transducers of the different seats or listening positions. In sum, this offers the advantage that the middle and higher frequencies for the different listening positions are reproduced by means of the array, while the low frequencies are only displayed locally via the structure-borne sound transducer. The background to this procedure is that, in particular, the depth frequencies can not be directed so well over arrays, so that separation of these by beamforming often causes difficulties. Through the use of structure-borne sound transducers, which are explicitly assigned to the individual sitting or listening positions, the sound signals of these sound transducers do not overlap.

Further embodiments provide a loudspeaker array having a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers arranged on a first line and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers arranged on the first line or a line parallel to the first line. Here, a mean distance (d _B ) between the first electroacoustic transducers is smaller than a mean distance (d _A ) between the second electroacoustic transducers.

Further embodiments provide a loudspeaker array having a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers arranged in a first area and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers arranged in the first area. In this case, an average density of the first electroacoustic sound transducer is smaller than an average density of the second electroacoustic sound transducer.

Further exemplary embodiments provide a loudspeaker array having a plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers which are coupled to first sound guides for sound output in a first area, wherein each sound guide comprises a sound exit opening. Here the plurality of sound exit openings is arranged such that a mean distance (d _S ) between the sound outlet openings is smaller than a possible average distance (d _A ) between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers.

Referring to the speaker array 20 Fig. 1a-1d It should be noted that the geometric orientations of the sound transducers 20a-20h in the loudspeaker array 20 shown in the schematic sketches are not fictitious and do not necessarily coincide with reality. Thus, the orientations of the individual sound transducers 20a-20h may vary accordingly or even vary from position to position (heavily tilted to the first side, tilted to the first side, down, tilted to the second side, heavily tilted to the second side).

Additional embodiments and aspects of the invention are described which may be used alone or in combination with the features and functionalities described herein.

According to a first aspect, a loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "for a vehicle may include: a loudspeaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 having a plurality to electroacoustic transducers 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i are individually controllable, so that over the plurality of electroacoustic transducers 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i a user-specific audio signal for different users at different listening positions 12a-12d is reproducible in a vehicle interior 10 of the vehicle, wherein the speaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or a sound outlet 94 of the speaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 between at least two of the listening positions 12a 12d is arranged in the vehicle interior 10, wherein the loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "comprises at least one additional loudspeaker system per listening position, which has at least one additional loudspeaker (30a, 30d) or an additional loudspeaker array, wherein the additional loudspeaker system comprises a structure-borne sound loudspeaker 35b, 35d has, assigned in one of the listening position associated footwell, in a seat assigned to the listening position and / or in one of the listening position Headrest is arranged and / or is thus mechanically coupled to the listening position associated with the seat.

According to a second aspect, with reference to the first aspect, wherein the loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "is designed to use the plurality of electroacoustic transducers 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i of the loudspeaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 acoustic beam shaping to train the sound lobes 22a-22d, 22aL, 22aR to operate.

According to a third aspect, with reference to the first or second aspect, in the loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "the loudspeaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or the sound outlet 94 of the loudspeaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 are arranged in a headliner of the vehicle, the center console of the vehicle, the dashboard of the vehicle or the rear parcel shelf of the vehicle.

According to a fourth aspect with reference to at least one of the first, second or third aspects, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", a distance between the speaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or the sound outlet 94 of the speaker Speaker arrays 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and all of the listening positions 12a-12d or a subset of all listening positions 12a-12d with a deviation of +/- 30% to be equal.

According to a fifth aspect with reference to at least one of the first to fourth aspects, in the loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "the loudspeaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or the sound outlet 94 of the loudspeaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 be arranged centrally between at least two of the listening positions 12a-12d in the vehicle interior 10.

According to a sixth aspect with reference to a previous aspect, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", the auxiliary speaker system may be closer to the user than the speaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or the sound outlet 94 of the speaker Arrays 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90.

According to a seventh aspect with reference to a previous aspect, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", the auxiliary speaker system in a seat assigned to the listening position, A-pillar position, B-pillar, C-pillar and / or the headliner and / or be arranged in a headrest assigned to the listening position.

According to an eighth aspect with reference to a previous aspect, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", the auxiliary speaker system may be configured to output a sound 32al, 32d, 36b, 36d such that a majority of the sound 32al, 32d, 36b, 36d with respect to the further of the listening positions 12a-12d arrives at the corresponding listening position 12a-12d.

According to a ninth aspect with reference to a previous aspect, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", the auxiliary speaker system may be located closer to an ear of the user than to the other ear of the user.

According to a tenth aspect with reference to the ninth aspect, the speaker array 60, 70, 80 may comprise a further plurality of third electro-acoustic sound transducers.

According to an eleventh aspect with reference to a previous aspect, the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "may be configured with the aid of the auxiliary speaker system to reproduce stereo per listening position 12a-12d or mono with local level boost.

According to a twelfth aspect, with reference to at least one of the first to eleventh aspects, the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "may be configured to operate with the aid of the plurality of electroacoustic transducers 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i of FIG Speaker arrays 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 acoustic beam shaping to operate the sound lobes 22a-22d, 22aL, 22aR to operate.

According to a thirteenth aspect, with reference to at least one of the first to twelfth aspects, the loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "may be configured to use one of the plurality of electroacoustic transducers 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i per listening position 12a. 12d to generate at least two sound lobes 22aL, 22aR or a stereo sound lobe, and / or wherein the loudspeaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "may be configured to virtually position sound sources in the space 10 using transfer functions that emulate psychoacoustic effects ,

According to a fourteenth aspect with reference to a previous aspect, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", beamforming may be based on direct and / or indirect sound reproduction with respect to the user.

According to a fifteenth aspect with reference to a previous aspect, in the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 ", a sound pressure level and / or radiation direction per beam associated with a listening position may be selected so that the sound pressure level at other listening positions 12a-12d is below a Mithörschwelle after absorption and / or reflection.

According to a sixteenth aspect with reference to a previous aspect, the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "may be configured to operate beamforming in consideration of a seat adjustment or a head position of the user at the listening position and / or the sound lobes 22a-22d, 22aL , 22aR depending on the seat adjustment and / or the head position of the user nachzuführen.

According to a seventeenth aspect with reference to at least one of the first to sixteenth aspects, the speaker system 1, 1 ', 1 "may include a controller configured to individually drive the electroacoustic transducers 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i.

According to an eighteenth aspect, referring to a previous aspect, a loudspeaker array 60, 70, 80 may include: a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i arranged on a first line; and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h, the of the first line or a line parallel to the first line, wherein a mean distance d _B between the first electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i is smaller than a mean distance d _A between the second electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i.

According to a nineteenth aspect, referring to a previous aspect, a loudspeaker array 70 may include: a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i disposed in a first area 70i; and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers 52a-24h disposed in the first area 70a, wherein an average density of the first electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i is smaller than an average density of the second electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h.

According to a twentieth aspect with reference to at least one of the eighteenth or nineteenth aspect, in the speaker array 60, 70, at least two of the first electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i may be framed by two of the second electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h.

According to a twenty-first aspect, with reference to at least one of the eighteenth to twentieth aspects, in the speaker array 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, the first electroacoustic transducers 54a-54i may be formed to have a first frequency range defined by a first center frequency and the second electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h are configured to reproduce a second frequency range defined by a second center frequency, the first center frequency being higher than the second center frequency.

According to a twenty-second aspect, a loudspeaker array 90 may include: a plurality of electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h coupled to first sound guides 92a-92h for sound output in a first region 56, each sound guide 92a-92h including a sound exit port 94 , wherein the plurality of sound outlet openings 94 is arranged so that a mean distance d _S between the sound outlet openings 94 is smaller than a possible average distance d _A between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h.

The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It will be understood that modifications and variations of the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to others of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims, rather than by the specific details presented in the description and explanation of the embodiments herein.

Claims (15)

Loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") with the following features: a plurality of electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h) coupled to first sound guides (92a-92h) for sound output in a first region (56), each sound guide (92a-92h) comprising a sound exit aperture (94), wherein the plurality of sound outlet openings (94) is arranged so that a mean distance (d _S ) between the sound outlet openings (94) is smaller than a possible average distance (d _A ) between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h). A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to claim 1, wherein the loudspeaker system (1, 1', 1") is designed to be tuned with the aid of the plurality of electroacoustic transducers (20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i). of the speaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) to operate acoustic beam forming to form the sound lobes (22a-22d, 22aL, 22aR). Loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the loudspeaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) or the sound outlet openings (94) of the loudspeaker array (20, 50, 60 , 70, 80, 90) in a headliner of the vehicle, the center console of the vehicle, the dashboard of the vehicle or the rear parcel shelf of the vehicle is arranged. Speaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a distance between the speaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) or the sound outlet openings (94) of the speaker array ( 20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) and all of the listening positions (12a-12d) or a subset of all the listening positions (12a-12d) is equal to a deviation of +/- 30%. Loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the loudspeaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) or the sound outlet openings (94) of the loudspeaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) is arranged centrally between at least two of the listening positions (12a-12d) in the vehicle interior (10). A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the additional loudspeaker system is closer to the user than the loudspeaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) or the sound outlet (94) of the loudspeaker Arrays (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90). Loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the additional loudspeaker system in a seat assigned to the listening position, a position of the A-pillar, the B-pillar, the C-pillar and / or the headliner assigned to the listening position and / or is arranged in a headrest assigned to the listening position. A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the additional loudspeaker system is designed to output a sound (32al, 32d, 36b, 36d) such that a majority of the sound (32al, 32d, 36b, 36d) with respect to the other of the listening positions (12a-12d) arrives at the corresponding listening position (12a-12d). A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the additional loudspeaker system is arranged closer to an ear of the user than to the other ear of the user; and / or
wherein the speaker array (60, 70, 80) comprises a further plurality of third electroacoustic transducers. Speaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the speaker system (1, 1', 1") is formed with the aid of the auxiliary speaker system to stereo per listening position (12a-12d) or mono with local level increase play; and or
wherein the loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") is designed to produce at least two sound lobes (22aL, 22aR) per listening position (12a-12d) with the aid of the plurality of electroacoustic transducers (20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i) ) or to create a stereo sound lobe, and / or
wherein the speaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") is designed to position sound sources virtually in space (10) using transfer functions that emulate psychoacoustic effects. A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the beamforming is based on direct and / or indirect sound reproduction with respect to the user, and / or
wherein a sound pressure level and / or a radiation direction per beam, which is assigned to a listening position, are selected such that the sound pressure level at other listening positions (12a-12d) is below a listening threshold after absorption and / or reflection; and or
wherein the speaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") is adapted to operate beam shaping taking into account a seat adjustment or a head position of the user at the listening position and / or the sound lobes (22a-22d, 22aL, 22aR) in dependence on the Adjust seat adjustment and / or the head position of the user. A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the loudspeaker system (1, 1', 1") comprises a controller which is designed to control the electroacoustic sound transducers (20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a). 54i) individually. A loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the loudspeaker system (1, 1', 1") comprises a loudspeaker array (60, 70, 80) having the following features: a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i) arranged on a first line; and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h) disposed on the first line or a line parallel to the first line, wherein a mean distance (d _B ) between the first electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i) is less than a mean distance (d _A ) between the second electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i); or a speaker array (70) having the following features: a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i) disposed in a first area (70i); and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers (52a-24h) disposed in the first area (70a); wherein an average density of the first electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i) is less than an average density of the second electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h) includes. The loudspeaker array (60, 70) of claim 13, wherein at least two of the first electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i) are framed by two of the second electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h); and or
wherein the first electroacoustic transducers (54a-54i) are configured to reproduce a first frequency range defined by a first center frequency, and the second electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h) are configured to represent a second frequency range defined by a second center frequency;
wherein the first center frequency is higher than the second center frequency. Loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") for a vehicle, having the following features: a loudspeaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) having a plurality of electro-acoustic sound transducers (20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i) which are individually controllable so that the majority of the electro-acoustic sound transducers ( 20a-20h, 52a-52h, 54a-54i) provide a user-specific audio signal for different users different listening positions (12a-12d) in a vehicle interior (10) of the vehicle is reproducible, wherein the speaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) or a sound outlet (94) of the speaker array (20, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) between at least two of the listening positions (12a-12d ) is arranged in the vehicle interior (10), wherein the loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") comprises at least one additional loudspeaker system per listening position, which has at least one additional loudspeaker (30a, 30d) or an additional loudspeaker array, wherein the additional loudspeaker system comprises a structure-borne sound loudspeaker (35b, 35d) arranged in a footwell assigned to the listening position, in a seat assigned to the listening position and / or in a headrest associated with the listening position and / or mechanically coupled to the seat associated with the listening position is the loudspeaker system (1, 1 ', 1 ") comprising a loudspeaker array (90) having the following features: a plurality of electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h) coupled to first sound guides (92a-92h) for sound output in a first region (56), each sound guide (92a-92h) comprising a sound exit aperture (94), wherein the plurality of sound outlet openings (94) is arranged so that a mean distance (d _S ) between the sound outlet openings (94) is smaller than a possible average distance (d _A ) between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers (52a-52h).

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