EP3278413A1

EP3278413A1 - Arrangement for the transmission of electrical energy

Info

Publication number: EP3278413A1
Application number: EP15726581.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gerald Franz GIERING; Thomas Hammer
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2015-05-28
Filing date: 2015-05-28
Publication date: 2018-02-07
Also published as: CN209071964U; WO2016188586A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement (2) for transmitting electrical energy from an energy-generating installation (3) arranged in a body of water (1), to the bank (15) of said body of water. The arrangement comprises a first electrical conductor (7) extending from the energy-generating installation (3) to an electrical device (9), and a second electrical conductor (13) extending from said electrical device (9) to the bank (15) of the body of water. Said electrical device (9) is incorporated into at least one housing (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) arranged on the bed (11) of the body of water. The arrangement comprises a surfacing means (504, 506, 508, 603, 605) to allow said at least one housing (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) to rise up to the surface (27) of the body of water.

Description

description

The invention relates to an arrangement for the transmission of electrical energy from a power generation plant located in a water body (offshore power generation plant) to the shore of the water body and to a method for facilitating the maintenance of such an arrangement. Such in one

Water-based energy production facilities can

For example, be wind turbines that generate electrical energy in the form of AC / AC, or solar power plants, the electrical energy in the form of

Generate DC / DC. For the transmission of electrical energy is often an electrical

Required device, which may have, for example, a switchgear, a transformer and / or a converter. At high currents or voltages to be transmitted, such an electrical device has a considerable size and a considerable weight. In order to be able to install such an electrical device in the power generation plant, therefore, often a separate platform is needed, which is installed at or near the power plant above the surface of the water body. The construction of such a platform is complicated and expensive.

The invention has for its object to provide an arrangement and a method of the type mentioned above, the

cost can be realized and the one

enable cost-effective maintenance.

This object is achieved by a

Arrangement and by a method according to the independent

Claims. Advantageous embodiments of the arrangement and the method are specified in the dependent claims. Disclosed is an arrangement for the transmission of electrical energy from an arranged in a water power generation plant to the shore of the water

with a first electrical conductor coming from the

Power plant to an electrical device runs, and with a second electrical conductor, which runs from the electrical device to the shore of the water, (to transfer electrical energy from the power plant to the shore of the water,)

- wherein the electrical device is installed in at least one housing, which is arranged at the bottom of the water body, and

- The arrangement comprises a diving means for the emergence of the at least one housing to the surface of the water body.

In this arrangement, it is advantageous that the at least one housing is arranged on the bottom of the water body.

This will not be a costly platform or similar construction for arranging the electrical

Equipment needed near the power generation plant.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the arrangement a

Emerging means for the emergence of the at least one housing to the surface of the body. This will

in particular a maintenance (which includes a repair

can include) of the electrical device, since for the purpose of maintenance, the at least one housing by means of the emergence means for surfacing to the surface of the

Water can be brought. An emergence means is a means for allowing the housing (i.e., an ascending of the housing to the surface of the body) to emerge. In this case, the emergence means allows a controlled emergence of the housing. The emergence agent can also act as one

Emergence device or as one

Emergence enabling device may be referred to.

The arrangement can be designed such that - The housing with the electrical device is lighter than the water displaced by it, the housing is held by a bracket at the bottom of the water, and that

Dipping means comprising a rope for allowing the casing to rise to the surface of the body in a controlled manner after the holder has been released (with the casing fixed to the rope), or

- The housing with the electrical device is heavier than the water displaced by it, and the dipping means comprises a device for introducing a fluid, in particular a gas, into the housing. There are two

indicated advantageous variants of the arrangement, with which both a housing, including its content is lighter than the displaced water (ie, a housing that would float on the water), as well as a housing, which including its contents heavier than that of It is displaced water (ie a housing, which is in the

Waters sink to the bottom of the water), controlled to emerge can be brought.

The arrangement can be designed such that

- The housing encloses an electrical insulating means with which at least parts of the electrical device are electrically insulated.

In this case, the electrical insulating means may be configured as an electrically insulating gas or an electrically insulating liquid. By means of such electrical

Insulating the electrical device can be isolated completely or partially reliable electrically. The

electrically insulating gas can be, for example, air,

Nitrogen or sulfur hexafluoride SF ₆ , the electrically insulating liquid may be, for example, a mineral oil, an ester liquid or a silicone oil. Alternatively, the electrical device in the housing can also be electrically insulated by means of a solid insulation, in particular, the components of the electrical

Device to be poured into a casting resin. The arrangement can also be designed so that

- The electrical device comprises a power converter. This can be a power converter for the conversion of

AC to DC (Rectifier), a converter for the conversion of direct current into alternating current

(Inverter) or a converter for the conversion of alternating current into alternating current (inverter). The arrangement can also be designed so that

- The electrical device a rectifier for

Converting from alternating current to direct current

the electrical device has a transformer,

the electrical device has a gas-insulated switch,

- The electrical device, an electric filter, in particular a smoothing choke and / or a

Smoothing capacitor, and / or

- The electrical device comprises a control unit for controlling the power converter, the rectifier, the transformer, the gas-insulated switch and / or the filter.

The arrangement can also be designed such that

- the first electrical conductor and / or the second

electrical conductor (each) is an electrical cable.

Depending on the type of power generation plant and the electrical device, the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor can each be used to transmit

DC or be designed by alternating current.

The arrangement can be designed such that

- The power generation plant is a wind turbine or a solar system. There is further disclosed a method for facilitating maintenance of an arrangement arranged to transfer electrical energy from one in a body of water Energy generating plant is set up to the shore of the water body,

with a first electrical conductor coming from the

- wherein the electrical device is installed in at least one housing, which is arranged on the bottom of the water body,

wherein in the method

for the purpose of maintenance, the at least one housing by means of an emergence means for surfacing to the surface of the

Water body is brought.

The process can proceed in such a way that

- In a housing with the electrical device, which is lighter than the water displaced by it and which is held by a bracket at the bottom of the water, the dipping means comprises a rope, wherein the holder is released and attached to the cable housing by means of Rope (controlled) to the surface of the water

is allowed to ascend, or

- In a case with the electrical equipment that is heavier than the displaced water, the

Aufaufauchmittel a device for introducing a fluid, in particular a gas, in the housing, and by means of the device, a fluid is introduced into the housing, whereby the housing rises to the surface of the water body.

The method also has the advantages stated above in connection with the arrangement.

In the following the invention is based on

Embodiments explained in more detail. This is in Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a wind turbine with an electrical device, in the

FIGS. 2, 3

and FIG. 4 each show an exemplary embodiment of a housing with an electrical device, in FIG

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a housing with

an emerging agent and in

Figure 6 further embodiment of a

Housing shown with a diving agent.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment with an arrangement 2 arranged in a body of water 1 for the transmission of electrical energy and with a power generation plant 3. Such a power plant is also referred to as an offshore power plant. In the embodiment, it is in the

Power generation plant around a wind turbine 3. The water 1 is a sea, for example, the North Sea. From a generator 5 of the power generation plant 3, a first electrical conductor 7 in the form of a first electrical cable 7 extends to an electrical

Device 9, which is arranged on the bottom 11 of the body of water 1. From the electrical device 9, a second electrical conductor 13 in the form of a second electrical cable 13 extends to a bank 15 of the water body. The second electrical conductor 13 extends to a further electrical device 17, which is arranged outside of the water body 1 onshore (onshore). At the other

Electrical device 17 may be, for example, a high-voltage DC transmission station or a power converter, which with an electric

Energy transmission network are connected. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, components of the electrical device 9 are installed in five housings 20 - 24, which are each arranged on the base 11 of the body of water 1. The first housing 20 encloses a gas-insulated switch (GIS), the second housing 21 encloses a

Transformer, the third housing 22 encloses a

Rectifier (AC-DC converter), the fourth housing 23 encloses a gas-insulated switch and the fifth

Housing 24 encloses a control unit for controlling the gas-insulated switch, the transformer and / or the

Rectifier. By dashed lines are

Signal lines shown extending from the arranged in the housing 24 control unit to the housings 20 - 23. The housings 20, 21, 22 and 23 are by means of electrical

Head connected, which (like the first electrical conductor 7 and the second electrical conductor 13) by means of a

continuous line are shown.

In the embodiment of Figure 1 is the electrical

Device 9 thus divided into several (here: five) housing 20 to 24. In other embodiments, the

electrical device 9, however, also be divided into a different number of housings; It may also be the entire electrical device 9 incorporated in a single housing. Thus, the components of the electrical

Device 9 either individually installed in housing,

grouped in housings or all built into a housing. In Figure 1 is easy to see that the electric

Device 9 is arranged below the surface 27 of the body of water 1. The electrical device 9 is located at a considerable depth below the surface 27 of the water body 1. This depth is at least 25 m. This ensures that the electrical equipment is not affected by storms or by waves and that shipping on the water 1 is not or only slightly hampered. 2 shows an embodiment of a housing 201 is shown, in which a further electrical device 203 is installed. The further electrical device 203 has a transformer 205, a rectifier 207 (AC-DC converter), an electrical filter 209 and a

Control unit 211 on. The control unit 211 controls the transformer 205, the rectifier 207 and / or the

electrical filters 209. The control unit 211 also provides a protection function (protection) for the electrical

Device 203 ready. In the exemplary embodiment, the electrical filter 209 has a smoothing choke 213 and / or a smoothing capacitor 215. The transformer 205 is electrically connected to an AC power terminal 217; the electric filter 209 is electrically connected to a DC voltage terminal 220. The electrical device 203 converts one to the AC voltage terminal 217

fed AC to DC; the DC current is output at the DC voltage terminal 220. To isolate the electrical device 203 is located in the housing 201, an electrical insulating means in the

Embodiment is an electrically insulating gas 222 (for example, nitrogen). The housing 201 with the

Electrical device 203 may also be referred to as a "power box".

In Figure 3 is another embodiment of a

Housing 301 shown in which a further electrical device 303 is installed. The electrical device 303 has a gas-insulated switch 305 for

AC (AC GIS), a transformer 307, a rectifier 309 (AC-DC converter), a filter 311, a gas-insulated switch DC 31 DC (DC GIS) and a control unit 314 on. The filter 311 has a

Smoothing capacitor 315 and / or a smoothing choke 317 on. The control unit 314 controls the gas-insulated switches 305 and 313, the transformer 307, the rectifier 309

and / or the filter 311. The gas-insulated switch 305 is electrically connected to an AC voltage terminal 320, the gas-insulated switch 313 is connected to a

DC voltage terminal 322 electrically connected. The electrical device 303 built into the housing 301 converts AC current (which is input to the AC voltage terminal 320) into DC current that is applied to the

DC voltage terminal 322 is output. To isolate the electrical device 303 is located in the housing 301, an electrical insulating means, in the

Embodiment is an electrically insulating liquid 324.

To the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 is

to add that in these electrical devices, the flow of energy can also be done in the opposite direction, that is, these devices can each also DC, at the DC voltage terminals 220 and 322nd

is converted to AC, which is then output to the AC voltage terminals 217 and 320, respectively.

FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a

Housing 401 shown in which an electrical device 403 is arranged. The electrical device 403 has a first gas-insulated switch 405 for AC voltage, a transformer 407, a second gas-insulated switch 409 for AC voltage and a control unit 411. The control unit 411 controls the first gas-insulated switch

405, the transformer 407 and / or the second gas-insulated switch 409. The first gas-insulated switch 405 is electrically connected to a first AC voltage terminal 413

connected, the second gas-insulated switch 409 is electrically connected to a second AC voltage terminal 415.

The electrical device 403 transformed

AC voltage at the first AC voltage port 413 is applied to a higher voltage level by means of the transformer 407 and outputs this step-up AC voltage at the second AC voltage terminal 415. Here, the flow of energy can also take place in the opposite direction, that is, the energy is from the second

AC voltage terminal 415 to the first

AC voltage connection 413 transferred.

In Figure 5 is another embodiment of a

Arrangement shown in which the (not shown) electrical device is installed in a housing 502. The housing 502 with the electrical device is lighter than the water displaced thereby, so that the housing 502 would float (rise) to the surface 27 of the body of water 1. In order to prevent inadvertent floating (ascent), the housing 502 is attached to the base 11 of the body 1 by means of a holder 504. The housing 502 is attached to a cable 506, the cable 506 on a

Winch 508 is rolled up. During normal operation of the arrangement, the housing 502 is located at the bottom of the water, as shown in FIG. Should, however, at the electrical device, for example

Maintenance / repair work will be necessary, then the holder 504 is released, whereupon the housing 502 rises to the surface 27 of the body of water 1 out. On the cable 506, the housing 502 is controlled to the surface 27th

ascended. It will and the winch 508

operated accordingly. (If necessary due to the length of the first electrical conductor 7 and / or the second electrical conductor 13, before ascending the housing 502, the first electrical conductor 7 and / or the second electrical conductor 13 are separated from the electrical device.) The cable 506 and the winch 508 are here

Emergence means a controlled emergence of the

Allow housing 502.

Once the housing on the surface 27 of the water

Floats can be relative (for example, from a ship) simply the electrical equipment to be serviced / repaired. Once the maintenance / repair work on the electrical equipment is completed, the housing with the electrical device is pulled down by means of the cable 506 to the bottom 11 of the water. Then that will

Housing 502 by means of the bracket 504 at the base 11 of the

Water body attached. Optionally, then the first electrical conductor 7 and the second electrical conductor 13 again at the electrical device electrically

contacted. Then then the normal

Energy transfer operation will be resumed.

6 shows a further embodiment is shown in which the (not shown) electrical

Device is installed in a housing 601. The housing 601 with the electrical device is heavier than the water displaced by it, so that the housing 601 with the

electrical device on the bottom 11 of the water body 1 rests without a special bracket (as in the

Embodiment of Figure 5) is necessary. In case of a necessary maintenance / repair the housing 601 for

Surface 27 of the body of water 1, the housing 601 is connected by means of a fluid line 603 with a device 605 for introducing a fluid into the housing 601. The fluid may in particular be a gas, then the device 605 is a device for introducing a gas into the housing 601 (eg a pressurized gas container 605, in particular a compressed gas cylinder 605), and the fluid line 605 is a gas line 603. The device 605 to

Introducing the fluid and fluid line 603 are here

Emergence means a controlled emergence of the

Allow housing 601.

In normal operation, the housing 601 is located at the bottom 11 of the body of water 1, as shown in FIG. In a necessary maintenance / repair, a fluid is introduced into the housing 601 by means of the device 605, whereupon in the housing 601 existing liquid (for example Seawater) is forced out of the housing by the fluid. As a result, the housing 601 is connected to the electrical

Device lighter than the water displaced by it, so that the housing 601 with the electrical device to the surface 27 of the water floats (rises). After a made on the surface 27 of the water

Maintenance / repair becomes the fluid from the housing 601

discharged, so that liquid can again penetrate into the housing 601 and the housing on the base 11 of the

Water body 1 drops. In this case, the housing 601 may also be attached to a cable, as shown in Figure 5 in connection with the cable 506 and the winch 508. Also regarding the necessary separation of the

electrical conductor 7 and 13 of the housing that in the figure 5 said.

When the electrical device is installed in a plurality of housings (as exemplified in FIG. 1), then advantageously each housing may have an emerging means

be assigned.

The housings are each as a waterproof housing

(waterproof container) designed. The housings with the electrical device can each also be referred to as a "power box." The electrical device arranged at the bottom of the body of water can also be referred to as a "subsea power station".

In the described arrangement and described

Method is particularly advantageous that an electric

Device that can not be arranged within the power generation plant, is located inexpensively under water at the bottom of the water body. This is more cost effective than building an additional platform above the water surface for the electrical equipment (eg, a platform on a wind turbine tower or a separate platform). As a result, for example, no reinforced foundations of the wind turbine are required or, of course, no foundations are needed for a separate platform. This significantly reduces the costs for design, manufacture, assembly, transport and installation (offshore installation). The

Components of the electrical device (which too

Operating and auxiliary systems may be required) are arranged in one or more housings, these housings can be made uniform in terms of their size and / or their electrical connections. For electrical insulation of the electrical device, the housing can partially or completely with a

Be filled insulating liquid and / or an insulating gas. Advantageously, arranged in the housing or the components of the electrical device

be pre-assembled individually, in groups or as a complete solution and need only be electrically connected under water. This results in a special

cost-effective connection of an offshore power generation plant to a landside

Power transmission network.

In the embodiments mentioned above, as an example of a power generation plant is a

Wind turbine indicated. But there are others too

Power generation plants are used: for example, a solar system, which generates electrical energy in the form of DC / DC, or a

Tidal power plant. An arrangement and a method has been described with which low-cost electrical energy can be transmitted from an offshore power generation plant to the shore of a body of water. In particular, in this arrangement and in the method cost-effective maintenance / repair of the electrical device is possible because the housing or the housing are brought with the electrical device in a simple manner from the bottom of the water to the surface of the water in order to carry out the repair / maintenance in a simple and cost-effective manner.

Claims

claims

1. Arrangement (2) for the transmission of electrical energy from one in a body of water (1) arranged

Energy generating plant (3) to the shore (15) of the water body

- With a first electrical conductor (7) of the

Energy generating plant (3) to an electrical device (9) extends, and with a second electrical conductor (13) extending from the electrical device (9) to the shore (15) of the water body,

- wherein the electrical device (9) in at least one housing (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) is installed, which is arranged on the bottom (11) of the water body, and

- wherein the arrangement comprises an emergence means (506, 508, 603, 605) for the emergence of the at least one housing (20, 21, 22, 23,

24) to the surface (27) of the water body.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1,

d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that

- the housing (502) with the electrical device is lighter than the water displaced by it, the housing (502) is held by means of a holder (504) at the bottom (11) of the water, and the dipping means a rope (506) for controlled Raising the housing (502) for

Surface (27) of the water after releasing the holder (504), or

the housing (601) with the electrical equipment is heavier than the water displaced by it, and the dipping means comprises a device (605) for introducing a fluid,

in particular a gas, in the housing (601).

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2,

d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that

- The housing encloses an electrical insulating means (222, 324), with the at least parts of the electrical

Device are electrically isolated.

4. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

- The electrical insulating means is an electrically insulating gas (222) or an electrically insulating liquid (324).

5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a

- The electrical device comprises a power converter (22, 207, 309).

6. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a

- The electrical device comprises a transformer (21, 205, 307, 407).

7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c i n e that t

- The electrical device comprises a gas-insulated switch (20, 23, 305, 313, 405, 409).

8. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a

- The electrical device comprises an electrical filter (209), in particular a smoothing reactor (213) and / or a smoothing capacitor (215).

9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a

- The electrical device comprises a control unit (314) for controlling the power converter (309), the transformer (307), the gas-insulated switch (305, 313) and / or the filter (311).

10. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a

- The first electrical conductor (7) and / or the second electrical conductor (13) is an electrical cable.

11. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a

- The power plant is a wind turbine (3) or a solar system.

12. A method of facilitating maintenance of an assembly

(2) for the transmission of electrical energy from a body of water (1) arranged power plant

(3) is set up to the shore (15) of the water body (1),

- With a first electrical conductor (7) of the

- wherein the electrical device (9) in at least one

Housing (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) is arranged, which is arranged on the bottom (11) of the water body,

wherein in the method

for the purpose of maintenance, the at least one housing (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) by means of an emergence means (506, 508, 603,

605) for emergence to the surface (27) of the body of water

is brought.

13. The method according to claim 12,

d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that

- In a housing (502) with the electrical device which is lighter than the water displaced by it and which is held by means of a holder (504) at the bottom (11) of the water, the dipping means comprises a cable (506), wherein the Support (504) is released and the attached to the rope (506) housing (502) is ascended by means of the rope (506) to the surface (27) of the water, or

- In a housing (601) with the electrical equipment that is heavier than the water displaced by him, the

Dipping means comprises a device (605) for introducing a fluid, in particular a gas, into the housing (601), and by means of the device (605) a fluid into the housing Housing (601) is initiated, whereby the housing (601) rises to the surface (27) of the water body.