EP3277439B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erkennen von fehlern in lebensmitteln - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erkennen von fehlern in lebensmitteln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3277439B1
EP3277439B1 EP16726937.2A EP16726937A EP3277439B1 EP 3277439 B1 EP3277439 B1 EP 3277439B1 EP 16726937 A EP16726937 A EP 16726937A EP 3277439 B1 EP3277439 B1 EP 3277439B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contrast material
foodstuffs
defects
foodstuff
products
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EP16726937.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3277439A1 (de
Inventor
Luigi Sandei
Rocco SANDEI
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Protec SRL
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Protec SRL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • B07C5/3427—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain by changing or intensifying the optical properties prior to scanning, e.g. by inducing fluorescence under UV or x-radiation, subjecting the material to a chemical reaction

Definitions

  • the invention concerns an apparatus and a method for detecting defects in a foodstuff.
  • a foodstuff such as fruit, vegetables, pods, seeds or the like, e.g. known from WO-A-96/40452 .
  • the invention relates to an apparatus and to a method that allows defects on the outer surface of a foodstuff to be detected even when this latter has a substantially uniform and intact colour.
  • the invention is particularly effective for application in systems for the selection of fruit and vegetables provided with a shell (or endocarp), of pods or of seeds, the outermost part of which is damaged or dented, for example by insects, parasites or the like.
  • These apparatus are typically provided with optical systems configured to inspect the surface of the foodstuff and to detect any defects such as marks, foreign bodies, damaged or dented areas, or a different colour to the desired colour (for example due to incorrect ripening or to deterioration of the product).
  • Known optical systems generally comprise one or more video cameras and control units provided with software that processes the images filmed and identifies, among the products filmed, those with abnormalities in the shades of colour.
  • optical systems cooperate with selection or separation devices configured to separate, in a volume of intact products, those with the aforesaid defects.
  • optical systems known today offer good performance when the areas involved by the defects or abnormalities have a colour that differs in a sufficiently marked manner from the colour of the rest of the shell or outer surface of the foodstuff.
  • the surface in the defective area can maintain a very similar colour to the surrounding colour.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose an apparatus for detecting defects in a foodstuff, and the related method, that overcomes the problems of the prior art mentioned above.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose an apparatus and a method that allow identification of defects on the outer surface of products such as fruit, vegetables, pods or seeds, which would be difficult to detect optical systems according to the prior art.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose an apparatus and a method capable of emphasizing the aforesaid defects with respect to the surrounding surface of the foodstuff.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose an apparatus for detecting defects in a foodstuff, which is of simple construction and can use known optical systems.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a system for the selection of foodstuffs that operates with greater precision with respect to known systems.
  • an object of the present invention is also to provide a system for the selection of foodstuffs with a production capacity equal to or greater than that of known systems.
  • an apparatus for detecting defects on the outer surface of foodstuffs as defined in independent claim 1. It comprises
  • the apparatus according to the invention also comprises application means, adapted to distribute a dry or fluid contrast material onto the surface of the foodstuffs, such that said contrast material can penetrate into any surface defects.
  • the contrast material can have a different colour to that of the surface of the foodstuff and more preferably can have a shade that contrasts with the shade of the surface of the foodstuff.
  • This material can be dispensed in dry form, for example a powder, or in liquid form.
  • said container can be provided with rotation means that rotate it, so as to mix the foodstuffs with the contrast material.
  • the application means can comprise delivery means adapted to deposit the contrast material on the surface of the foodstuff.
  • said delivery means can be associated with handling means, such as rollers or the like, which allow the foodstuff to rotate during the application step of the contrast material so that this latter covers the whole of the surface of the foodstuff.
  • the removal means of the contrast material comprise mechanical means adapted to interact with the surface of the foodstuff, such as brushes, pads or the like. These means are preferably usable when the contrast material is of dry or powder type.
  • said removal means can comprise distributor means adapted to spread a liquid or gaseous fluid onto the surface of the foodstuff.
  • This fluid can, for example, be compressed air or water, optionally mixed with other substances for food use.
  • This last variant is more effective when the contrast material is also applied in liquid form.
  • said removal means can comprise vibrating means adapted to shake the foodstuff to cause the contrast material to be detached from the outer surface.
  • the invention also concerns a system for the selection of foodstuffs provided with an apparatus for identifying defects according to one of the variants described above.
  • Separation of the products on which the presence of at least one defect has been detected is performed by a separation device, connected to the optical system of the apparatus.
  • This distribution can advantageously be performed with application means such as those described above.
  • the method provides for removing the excess contrast material from the surface so that it remains inside the defects only.
  • Removal of the excess material is preferably performed with removal means such as those of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the method also provides for identification of the products with defects and their separation from conforming products.
  • the aforesaid steps are carried out continuously in a system provided with foodstuff transport means.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates as a whole a system for the selection of foodstuffs.
  • the system according to the invention is particularly, but not exclusively, useful in the selection of fruits provided with a shell, such as chestnuts, hazelnuts, walnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, pods in general, or products without a shell such as pine nuts, peanuts, sunflower seeds or the like.
  • a shell such as chestnuts, hazelnuts, walnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, pods in general, or products without a shell such as pine nuts, peanuts, sunflower seeds or the like.
  • the selection system 1 comprises an apparatus 10 for identifying the products with the aforesaid defects and a separation device 50 for separating these products with defects from conforming products.
  • the apparatus 10 is provided with transport means, such as belts, rollers, elevators or the like, to transport the foodstuffs P (hereinafter also only products P), continuously, through the apparatus.
  • transport means such as belts, rollers, elevators or the like, to transport the foodstuffs P (hereinafter also only products P), continuously, through the apparatus.
  • the products P from a storage basin 11 are conveyed toward application means, indicated as a whole with 20.
  • Said chamber 21 is delimited by a container 22 and has at least one opening through which the products P can be introduced and/or extracted, for example by means of an elevator 12.
  • a contrast material 23 is contained inside the chamber 21.
  • the products When transported into the chamber, their outer surface comes into contact with the contrast material.
  • the contrast material can penetrate into these defects, as visible in Fig. 3b .
  • the yield of the contrast material depends on the difference between its colour and the colour of the surface of the product P.
  • a contrast material with a different and contrasting shade to the shade of the shell or of the surface of the product P is chosen.
  • the contrast can also be perceived by the naked eye or even only by an optical vision system.
  • These means can be mechanical means that interact directly with the surface of the product, for example through contact and rubbing.
  • Means such as brushes 31 ( Fig. 1 ), pads made of flexible materials or other similar means can be used for this purpose.
  • the system comprises a set 41 of linear video cameras capable of filming a band of moving products having a given width.
  • Artificial lighting devices can be provided to emphasize the colour of the products filmed and/or of the contrast material.
  • the selection system 1, as already mentioned, is also provided with a separation system 50.
  • the system comprises an apparatus 110 for identifying defects to separate products with defects from conforming products and a separation device 150 to separate products with defects from conforming products.
  • optical system 140 and the separation system 150 are identical to those of Fig. 1 described above.
  • the application means 120 comprise delivery means adapted to deposit the contrast material 123 on the surface of the products P.
  • the delivery means can, for example, be nozzles 121 or the like, configured to dispense a dry powder material or a fluid or liquid.
  • rollers 122 or the like can be provided to rotate the products during their transport so that the contrast material is distributed uniformly on the surface.
  • the removal means 130 also comprise distributor means 131, such as nozzles or the like, adapted to deliver a fluid onto the surface of the foodstuff.
  • This fluid can be a liquid, for example water, or compressed air or, alternatively, a mixture of both.

Landscapes

  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Gerät (10, 110), um Defekte auf der Lebensmitteloberfläche (P) festzustellen, umfassend:
    - ein optisches System (40, 140), konfiguriert, um die Lebensmitteloberfläche (P) zu analysieren und das Vorhandensein eventueller Defekte festzustellen; und
    - Transportmittel, konfiguriert, um eine Anzahl von Lebensmitteln durch das Gerät zu befördern;
    gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass es Anwendungsmittel (20, 120) umfasst, geeignet, ein trockenes oder flüssiges Kontrastmaterial (23, 123) auf der Lebensmitteloberfläche (P) zu verteilen, so dass besagtes Kontrastmaterial in die eventuellen Oberflächendefekte eindringen kann, und Entnahmemittel (30, 130), geeignet, das überschüssige Kontrastmaterial von der Oberfläche zu entfernen, so dass dieses nur im Inneren der sogenannten Oberflächendefekte bleibt, wobei besagtes Kontrastmaterial die Defekte vom optischen System feststellbar macht.
  2. Gerät, gemäß Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagte Anwendungsmittel (20) eine Kammer (21) mit mindestens einer Öffnung umfassen, durch die die Lebensmittel (P) und/oder das Kontrastmaterial (23) eingeführt und/oder entnommen werden können.
  3. Gerät, gemäß Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagte Kammer von einem Behälter (22) umgrenzt wird.
  4. Gerät, gemäß Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagter Behälter (22) eine erste Öffnung (22a) umfasst, durch die die Lebensmittel (P) eingeführt werden, und eine zweite Öffnung (22b), aus der die mit dem Kontrastmaterial (23) überzogenen Lebensmittel (P) entnommen werden.
  5. Gerät, gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagter Behälter (22) mit Rotationsmitteln verbunden ist, die ihn drehen, um die Lebensmittel mit dem Kontrastmaterial (23) im Inneren der Kammer (21) zu vermischen.
  6. Gerät, gemäß Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagte Anwendungsmittel (120) Verteilungsmittel (121) umfassen, geeignet, das Kontrastmaterial auf der Lebensmitteloberfläche (P) zu verteilen.
  7. Gerät, gemäß einem jeglichen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem besagte Entnahmemittel (30, 130) des Kontrastmaterials ausgewählt werden zwischen:
    - mechanischen Mitteln (30), geeignet mit der Lebensmitteloberfläche zusammenzuarbeiten;
    - Sprühmitteln (130), geeignet, ein Fluid, flüssig oder gasförmig, auf die Lebensmitteloberfläche zu sprühen;
    - vibrierenden Mitteln, geeignet, die Lebensmittel zu schütteln, um die Loslösung des Kontrastmaterials von der Oberfläche zu bewirken.
  8. Anlage für die Wahl der Lebensmittel, umfassend:
    - ein Gerät (10, 110) zur Feststellung von Defekten in Lebensmitteln (P) gemäß einem jeglichen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche;
    - eine Trennvorrichtung (50, 150), verbunden mit dem optischen System (40, 140), konfiguriert, um in einer Gruppe von Lebensmitteln diejenigen zu trennen, die mindestens einen Defekt aufweisen.
  9. Methode zur Feststellung von Defekten auf der Lebensmitteloberfläche, die folgende Phasen umfasst, bestehend in der:
    - Verteilung, durch Anwendungsmittel (20, 120), eines Kontrastmaterials (23, 123) auf der Lebensmitteloberfläche (P), so dass das Kontrastmaterial in das Innere der Defekte eindringt;
    - Entnahme, durch Entnahmemittel (30, 130), des Kontrastmaterials (23, 123) von der Oberfläche, so dass besagtes Kontrastmaterial nur im Inneren der Defekte verbleibt;
    - Analyse der Lebensmitteloberfläche mit einem optischen System (40, 140), um das Vorhandensein von Defekten festzustellen.
  10. Methode, gemäß Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass die obigen Phasen in einem Gerät, das mit Lebensmittel-Transportmitteln ausgestattet ist, kontinuierlich ausgeführt werden.
  11. Methode für die Auswahl von Lebensmitteln, bei der man Produkte mit Defekten ermittelt und besagte Produkte mit Defekten von konformen Produkten trennt, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass die Feststellung der Defekte mit einer Methode gemäß Anspruch 9 oder 10 erzielt wird.
  12. Gerät oder Methode, gemäß einem jeglichen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagtes Kontrastmaterial (23, 123) eine Färbung aufweist, die mit der der Lebensmitteloberfläche im Kontrast steht.
  13. Gerät oder Methode, gemäß einem jeglichen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagtes Kontrastmaterial (23, 123) eine Mischung oder einen essbaren Stoff umfasst.
  14. Gerät oder Methode, gemäß Anspruch 13, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, dass besagtes Kontrastmaterial (23, 123) eine trockene oder flüssige Form aufweist.
EP16726937.2A 2015-04-02 2016-04-04 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erkennen von fehlern in lebensmitteln Active EP3277439B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITPC20150004 2015-04-02
PCT/IB2016/051902 WO2016157160A1 (en) 2015-04-02 2016-04-04 Apparatus and method for detecting defects in a foodstuff

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3277439A1 EP3277439A1 (de) 2018-02-07
EP3277439B1 true EP3277439B1 (de) 2019-06-12

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WO (1) WO2016157160A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967614A (en) * 1959-06-30 1961-01-10 Fredoon S Nury Sorting raisins by optical difference
US4241102A (en) * 1979-06-04 1980-12-23 Occidental Research Corporation Apparatus and method for the selective wetting of particles
US5732147A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-03-24 Agri-Tech, Inc. Defective object inspection and separation system using image analysis and curvature transformation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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None *

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EP3277439A1 (de) 2018-02-07

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