EP3273308A1 - Exhaust mechanism - Google Patents

Exhaust mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3273308A1
EP3273308A1 EP16179989.5A EP16179989A EP3273308A1 EP 3273308 A1 EP3273308 A1 EP 3273308A1 EP 16179989 A EP16179989 A EP 16179989A EP 3273308 A1 EP3273308 A1 EP 3273308A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leaf spring
rocker
lever
wheel
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16179989.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3273308B1 (en
Inventor
Stéphane OES
Matthieu Kummer
Sébastien LOPEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sowind SA
Original Assignee
Sowind SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sowind SA filed Critical Sowind SA
Priority to EP16179989.5A priority Critical patent/EP3273308B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/066689 priority patent/WO2018015146A1/en
Priority to CN201780043798.XA priority patent/CN109478037B/en
Priority to JP2019501474A priority patent/JP2019521344A/en
Publication of EP3273308A1 publication Critical patent/EP3273308A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3273308B1 publication Critical patent/EP3273308B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/10—Escapements with constant impulses for the regulating mechanism

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to an escapement mechanism arranged to transmit mechanical energy pulses from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece regulator by means of a leaf spring working in buckling around a inflection point.
  • the leaf spring is capable of accumulating energy from the power source between two pulses and transmit it to said oscillating regulator at each pulse via a first and a second latch.
  • Such a mechanism is described in particular in the document WO 99/64936 .
  • the latter more generally discloses a method for transmitting pulses of mechanical energy from a power source to an oscillating regulator, by means of a leaf spring working in buckling mode. More particularly, this method is implemented in particular by an escape mechanism illustrated in FIG. figure 1 , intended to maintain the oscillations of a regulator, composed for example by a balance 1 associated with a spiral, by delivering energy received from a driving source, such as a barrel for example, not visible on the figure 1 , via a leaf spring 2, whose ends are positioned such that it occupies a stable position corresponding to a second mode buckling.
  • a driving source such as a barrel for example
  • the leaf spring 2 is capable, by means of an armature rocker 3 and a trigger rocker 4, of accumulating the energy coming from the driving source during a winding phase, to remain in an armed state during a rest phase and to restore the energy accumulated to said oscillating regulator during a pulse phase.
  • the trigger rocker 4 is kinematically connected to the leaf spring 2 substantially at its central point of inflection.
  • the trigger rocker 4 comprises, at one end, a fork intended to cooperate with a plate 6 and a plate pin 7 that includes the rocker 1.
  • the armature rocker 3 comprises a central portion and two symmetrical wings whose ends are kinematically connected to the leaf spring 2.
  • the central portion comprises a first 8 and a second 9 pallets of rest, intended to cooperate respectively with a first 10 and a second 11 escape wheel.
  • the two flip-flops 3 and 4 are mounted free to rotate with respect to each other.
  • the wheels 10 and 11 each comprise a pinion meshing with the last wheel 12 of the work train so that the wheels 10 and 11 pivot in a synchronized manner.
  • the wheels 10 and 11 have a particular toothing, the shape of which is adapted to cooperate with the first 8 and second 9 pallets of rest of the rocker arm 3, on the one hand to transmit energy to this rocker d ' arming 3 and, secondly, to block the rotation of the escape wheels 10 and 11, according to the phases of operation which will be summarized below. For more details, it is possible to refer to the document cited in the introduction.
  • the figure 1 represents an exhaust mechanism of the prior art immediately after a pulse phase and at the beginning of a winding phase, the rocker 1 rotates counterclockwise, the plateau pin 7 comes out of the fork, the first pallet rest 8 has just disengaged from the wheel 10 and the spring 2 is in a stable position corresponding to a second mode buckling.
  • the first escape wheel 10 rotates freely and the second escape wheel 11 cooperates with the second pallet of rest 9 of the rocking lever 3 to rotate the latter counterclockwise until a tooth of the second wheel 11 bears on the second pallet rest 9.
  • the leaf spring 2 has left its initial stable state corresponding to a second mode buckling and deformed under the action of the armature rocker 3 to a metastable state close to an unstable state corresponding to a fourth mode buckling.
  • the armature of the leaf spring 2 is then maximal.
  • the trigger rocker 4 pivots by acting on the leaf spring 2 which then suddenly switches from its unstable position to a stable state corresponding to a reverse second mode buckling of the previous one.
  • This change of state rotates the armature lever 3, causing the release of the second pallet of rest 9 of the second escape wheel 11.
  • the armature rocker 3 pivots until the first pallet of rest 8 when the spring wheel 2 is being changed, the latter also acts on the trigger rocker 4, thus communicating with the balance 1 the energy accumulated during the winding of the spring -lame 2, through the fork.
  • the draw of the escape wheels 10 and 11 on the first 8 and second 9 pallets of rest of the rocker arm 3 makes it possible to ensure the locking function of the escape wheels.
  • the pulling force must be sufficient to avoid unwanted unlocking which could, for example, result from accelerations experienced by the timepiece in everyday use and which would lead to an advance in the running of the timepiece and overconsumption of time. 'energy.
  • the pulling force must be as small as possible in order to limit the energy required to achieve the clearance and thus optimize the power reserve. It has been found that it is not possible to adjust the draft of the escape wheels 10 and 11 satisfactorily so as to together, to obtain a sufficient locking force and a moderate energy consumption.
  • the present invention aims to overcome this disadvantage.
  • the escapement mechanism of the invention is designed to transmit pulses of mechanical energy from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece regulator via a leaf spring working in buckling around a point of inflection, said leaf spring being capable of accumulating energy from the power source between two pulses and to transmit it to said oscillating regulator at each pulse by means of a cooperating armature latch with the leaf spring and a trigger rocker adapted to cooperate with at least one escapement mobile receiving energy from the drive source to block its rotation intermittently.
  • the escape mechanism of the invention is characterized in that the armature and trigger rockers and the escape wheel are arranged relative to the leaf spring so that the locking and unlocking functions of the mobile on the one hand, and the arming functions of the leaf spring on the other hand, are dissociated.
  • the escape mobile comprises a pinion adapted to kinematically bind said mobile escape to the power source.
  • the escape wheel comprises a locking wheel comprising a plurality of functional zones each having a locking plane intended to cooperate with a lug of the trigger rocker to block the escape wheel during the rest phases.
  • the escapement mobile also includes a winding cam.
  • the armature rocker comprises at least one lever adapted to cooperate with the arming cam of said at least one escapement mobile.
  • the exhaust mechanism comprises at least one said mobile escapement and the armature rocker comprises at least one lever, optionally associated with a return spring for example, which cooperates with the arming cam of said mobile exhaust, the arming cam comprising N functional areas and being indexed with an offset of 360 / N °.
  • the lever or levers are dimensioned and positioned to always be in contact with said arming cam.
  • the lever or levers are arranged on an arm integral with the armature rocker, and the lever or levers are sized and positioned to always be in contact with at least one arming cam.
  • the lever or levers and the arming cam are shaped to limit unintentional angular displacements of the armature rocker once it has reached one of its extreme positions in rotation about its axis.
  • the leaf spring 2 constrained in buckling at its ends by any appropriate means, for example integral with a frame sized to constrain said leaf spring and adapted to be fixed on a bridge or the plate of a timepiece or simply fixed directly on a said bridge or the turntable of a timepiece, is capable of accumulating energy from the power source between two pulses and transmit it to the oscillating regulator at each pulse via of a trigger rocker 25 pivotally mounted about an axis X1 coincides with the point of inflection of the leaf spring 2.
  • the armature rocker 3 comprises two connecting arms 31 to the leaf spring 2 extending from the X1 axis and each having between their end opposite said axis X1 pins 13a cooperating with eyelets 13b integral with the leaf spring 2.
  • the latch 20 advantageously cooperates via anterior pins 26a and 26b rear with an escapement mobile 28 of the leaf spring 2 to block the rotation of the escapement mobile 28 intermittently, said mobile of exhaust 28 is in kinematic connection with the driving source.
  • the latch 20 is integral with the pulse rocker 4, and the dart 22 and they are assembled by pins or any other means, which ensure their respective angular positioning around the axis X1 in a safe way.
  • the latch 20, the pulse rocker 4 and the dart 22 respectively extend in longitudinal directions located in the same vertical plane passing through the axis X1.
  • the armature rocker 3, on the one hand, and the trigger rocker 25, on the other hand, are rotatably mounted one with reference to the other on a pivoting material axis coinciding with the axis X1 , the leaf spring 2 not participating in a virtual pivoting of the armature and trigger rockers 25.
  • the escape wheel 28 comprises a pinion 32 by which it is kinematically connected to the finishing gear of the timepiece comprising the exhaust mechanism for receiving energy from the energy source, for example consisting of one or more barrels.
  • the escapement wheel 28 further comprises, stacked on the same axis, a winding cam 36, for example a triangular cam with convex cam planes, the role of which will appear below, as well as a locking wheel 38.
  • the arming cam 36 and the locking wheel 38 each comprise a plurality of functional zones, the angular position of which is adjusted with reference to each other.
  • Each functional zone of the locking wheel 38 comprises a locking plane 40 intended to cooperate with the latch 20.
  • the locking plane 40 is preferably located in the plane of the locking wheel 38, which can thus be manufactured easily.
  • the latching lever 20 also comprises anterior locking lugs 26a and posterior 26b arranged to lock the escape wheel 28 during the rest phases, by working with the locking planes 40 of the locking wheel 38.
  • the mechanism is illustrated when the trigger rocker 25 has been positioned by the change of buckling mode of the leaf spring 2.
  • the trigger rocker 25 and the rocker arm 3 are then in the input or anterior position, side mobile exhaust 28, under the action of the previous locking pin 26a and the locking wheel 38, which transmits the torque provided by the energy source.
  • This torque provides a pull on the trigger rocker 25 via the front lug 26a, against which a locking plane 40 is supported.
  • the pair presses the fork of the pulse rocker 4 against one of the stars E, in order to always definitively define the position of the pulse rocker 25.
  • the armature rocker 3 is also positioned directly by the cam of the armature 36 and not by the leaf spring 2.
  • the escape wheel 28 is stopped.
  • the plate pin 7 that it comprises enters the fork 24 of the latch 20.
  • the leaf spring 2 then leaves its unstable mode of second order and repositioned in buckling of 1 st order, thus providing all its energy to the regulator through the fork 24 of the latch 20 and the plate pin 7 of the regulator.
  • the trigger rocker 25 pivots around the axis X1 and moves from a first position in abutment against a first star E to a second position abutting against the second star E ( Figures 3 to 6 ). This movement releases the latch 20 from its support against the locking wheel 38 at the front pin 26a, thus releasing the escapement wheel 28 which then rotates.
  • the latch 20 is then positioned to receive, in abutment against the output or rear locking pin 26b at a locking plane 40 of the locking wheel 38.
  • the locking plane 40 of the locking wheel 38 transmits the torque provided by the energy source to the trigger rocker via the rear lug 26b. This torque provides a pull on the latch 20 and the trigger rocker 25 and thus presses the pulse latch 4 against one of the star E, to always definitively determine the position of the trigger rocker 25.
  • the armature rocker 3 is also positioned directly via the arming cam 36. The leaf spring 2 is armed, close to its unstable position and waiting for the ankle 7 during the next alternation.
  • the armature rocker 3 also comprises, as represented on the Figures 2 to 6 and in detail at the figure 8 two levers 50 shaped to cooperate with the arming cam 36 of the escapement wheel 28.
  • the arming cam 36 visible on the figure 7 in particular comprises N functional areas consisting of cam segments 36a, 36b, 36c.
  • the cam 36 of the escapement wheel 28 is indexed with an offset of 360 ° / N.
  • the levers 50 are dimensioned and positioned to be in permanent contact with the arming cam 36, the angular position of said cam 36 thus making it possible to perfectly position the armature rocker 3, in synchronism with the locking wheel 38.
  • the cam 36 is essentially triangular, the 3 cam segments 36a, 36b, 36c being convex to define a point contact with the levers 50 of the armature rocker 3 and optimize the friction.
  • the levers 50 may be formed of the branches of a fork 52 in U carried at the end of an arm 53, the fork being shaped and dimensioned so that the arming cam 36 of the mobile 28 is inserted between the branches the U in permanent and punctual contact with the cam 36, which ensures a perfect positioning and an angular locking of the armature rocker 3.
  • each lever 50 allows, in cooperation with the arming cam 36 of the escapement wheel 28 on the one hand and the pins 13a of the connection of the armature rocker 3 to the leaf spring 2 in the corresponding eyelets 13b on the other hand to reset the leaf spring 2 to a defined optimum point and angularly locked by the geometry of the arming cam 36 and levers 50 for the next pulse.
  • the exhaust mechanism of the invention has been described here with reference to the appended figures in an embodiment comprising a single exhaust mobile 28 cooperating with the trigger rocker 25 via the latch 20 incorporated in the latter.
  • those skilled in the art can easily make a similar exhaust mechanism comprising two symmetrical armoring mobiles 28 cooperating alternately with each alternation with the trigger rocker 25 by adjusting differently the pins 26a, 26b on the latch and by providing a kinematic connection of the two armoring mobiles between them to ensure synchronization in rotation, for example by means of a toothed gear coaxial with the locking wheels and arming cams of each of the armoring mobiles, identical. It will then be ensured to ensure a geometry of the levers 50 of the armature rocker allowing an alternating contact with the winding cams of each of the two symmetrical armoring mobiles while ensuring a locked position angularly of this rocker.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

Mécanisme d'échappement agencé pour transmettre des impulsions d'énergie mécanique d'une source motrice à un régulateur oscillant de pièce d'horlogerie par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort-lame (2) travaillant en flambage autour d'un point d'inflexion, ledit ressort-lame (2) étant susceptible d'accumuler l'énergie issue de la source motrice entre deux impulsions et de la transmettre audit régulateur oscillant à chaque impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'une bascule d'armage (3) coopérant avec le ressort-lame (2) et d'une bascule de détente (20) apte à coopérer avec au moins un mobile d'échappement (28) recevant l'énergie de la source motrice pour bloquer sa rotation de manière intermittente, caractérisé en ce que les bascules d'armage et de détente et le mobile d'échappement sont agencés par rapport au ressort-lame (2) de manière à ce que les fonctions de verrouillage et de déverrouillage dudit mobile d'échappement (28) d'une part, et les fonctions d'armage du ressort-lame (2) d'autre part, sont dissociéesAn escapement mechanism arranged to transmit pulses of mechanical energy from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece controller through a leaf spring (2) working in buckling around a point of rotation. inflection, said leaf spring (2) being capable of accumulating energy from the driving source between two pulses and of transmitting it to said oscillating regulator at each pulse by means of a cooperating rocking lever (3) with the leaf spring (2) and a trigger rocker (20) adapted to cooperate with at least one escapement wheel (28) receiving energy from the drive source to block its rotation intermittently, characterized in that the armature and trigger rockers and the escapement wheel are arranged relative to the leaf spring (2) so that the locking and unlocking functions of said escapement wheel (28) of a part, and the arming functions of the res fate-blade (2) on the other hand, are dissociated

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'horlogerie mécanique. Elle concerne, plus particulièrement un mécanisme d'échappement agencé pour transmettre des impulsions d'énergie mécanique d'une source motrice à un régulateur oscillant de pièce d'horlogerie par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort-lame travaillant en flambage autour d'un point d'inflexion. Le ressort-lame est susceptible d'accumuler l'énergie issue de la source motrice entre deux impulsions et de la transmettre audit régulateur oscillant à chaque impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'une première et d'une deuxième bascules.The present invention relates to the field of mechanical watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to an escapement mechanism arranged to transmit mechanical energy pulses from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece regulator by means of a leaf spring working in buckling around a inflection point. The leaf spring is capable of accumulating energy from the power source between two pulses and transmit it to said oscillating regulator at each pulse via a first and a second latch.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Un tel mécanisme est notamment décrit dans le document WO 99/64936 . Ce dernier divulgue, plus généralement, un procédé pour transmettre des impulsions d'énergie mécanique d'une source motrice à un régulateur oscillant, par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort-lame travaillant en flambage. Plus particulièrement, ce procédé est mis en oeuvre notamment par un mécanisme d'échappement illustré sur la figure 1, destiné à entretenir les oscillations d'un régulateur, composé par exemple par un balancier 1 associé à un spiral, en lui délivrant de l'énergie reçue d'une source motrice, telle qu'un barillet par exemple, non visible sur la figure 1, via un ressort-lame 2, dont les extrémités sont positionnées tel qu'il occupe une position stable correspondant à un flambage de second mode. Le ressort-lame 2 est susceptible, par l'intermédiaire d'une bascule d'armage 3 et d'une bascule de détente 4, d'accumuler l'énergie issue de la source motrice lors d'une phase d'armage, de demeurer dans un état armé lors d'une phase de repos et de restituer l'énergie accumulée audit régulateur oscillant lors d'une phase d'impulsion.Such a mechanism is described in particular in the document WO 99/64936 . The latter more generally discloses a method for transmitting pulses of mechanical energy from a power source to an oscillating regulator, by means of a leaf spring working in buckling mode. More particularly, this method is implemented in particular by an escape mechanism illustrated in FIG. figure 1 , intended to maintain the oscillations of a regulator, composed for example by a balance 1 associated with a spiral, by delivering energy received from a driving source, such as a barrel for example, not visible on the figure 1 , via a leaf spring 2, whose ends are positioned such that it occupies a stable position corresponding to a second mode buckling. The leaf spring 2 is capable, by means of an armature rocker 3 and a trigger rocker 4, of accumulating the energy coming from the driving source during a winding phase, to remain in an armed state during a rest phase and to restore the energy accumulated to said oscillating regulator during a pulse phase.

La bascule de détente 4 est liée cinématiquement à la lame-ressort 2 sensiblement au niveau de son point d'inflexion central. La bascule de détente 4 comporte, à une extrémité, une fourchette destinée à coopérer avec un plateau 6 et une cheville de plateau 7 que comporte le balancier 1.The trigger rocker 4 is kinematically connected to the leaf spring 2 substantially at its central point of inflection. The trigger rocker 4 comprises, at one end, a fork intended to cooperate with a plate 6 and a plate pin 7 that includes the rocker 1.

La bascule d'armage 3 comporte une portion centrale et deux ailes symétriques dont les extrémités sont liées cinématiquement au ressort-lame 2. La portion centrale comporte une première 8 et une deuxième 9 palettes de repos, destinées à coopérer respectivement avec une première 10 et une deuxième 11 roue d'échappement.The armature rocker 3 comprises a central portion and two symmetrical wings whose ends are kinematically connected to the leaf spring 2. The central portion comprises a first 8 and a second 9 pallets of rest, intended to cooperate respectively with a first 10 and a second 11 escape wheel.

Les deux bascules 3 et 4 sont montées libres en rotation l'une en référence à l'autre.The two flip-flops 3 and 4 are mounted free to rotate with respect to each other.

Les roues 10 et 11 comportent chacune un pignon engrenant avec la dernière roue 12 du rouage de finissage de sorte que les roues 10 et 11 pivotent de façon synchronisée. Les roues 10 et 11 comportent une denture particulière, dont la forme est adaptée pour coopérer avec les première 8 et deuxième 9 palettes de repos de la bascule d'armage 3, d'une part pour transmettre de l'énergie à cette bascule d'armage 3 et, d'autre part, pour bloquer la rotation des roues d'échappement 10 et 11, selon les phases du fonctionnement qui vont être résumées ci-après. Pour plus de détails, il est possible de se référer au document cité dans l'introduction.The wheels 10 and 11 each comprise a pinion meshing with the last wheel 12 of the work train so that the wheels 10 and 11 pivot in a synchronized manner. The wheels 10 and 11 have a particular toothing, the shape of which is adapted to cooperate with the first 8 and second 9 pallets of rest of the rocker arm 3, on the one hand to transmit energy to this rocker d ' arming 3 and, secondly, to block the rotation of the escape wheels 10 and 11, according to the phases of operation which will be summarized below. For more details, it is possible to refer to the document cited in the introduction.

La figure 1 représente un mécanisme d'échappement de l'art antérieur immédiatement après une phase d'impulsion et au début d'une phase d'armage, le balancier 1 tourne dans le sens antihoraire, la cheville de plateau 7 sort de la fourchette, la première palette de repos 8 vient de se dégager de la roue 10 et le ressort 2 est dans une position stable correspondant à un flambage de second mode. Lors de la phase d'armage, pendant que le balancier 1 effectue son arc supplémentaire, la première roue d'échappement 10 tourne librement et la deuxième roue d'échappement 11 coopère avec la deuxième palette de repos 9 de la bascule d'armage 3 pour faire pivoter celle-ci dans le sens antihoraire jusqu'à ce qu'une dent de la deuxième roue 11 vienne en appui sur la deuxième palette de repos 9. Concomitamment, le ressort-lame 2 a quitté son état stable initial correspondant à un flambage de second mode et s'est déformé sous l'action de la bascule d'armage 3 jusqu'à un état métastable proche d'un état instable correspondant à un flambage de quatrième mode. L'armage du ressort-lame 2 est alors maximal.The figure 1 represents an exhaust mechanism of the prior art immediately after a pulse phase and at the beginning of a winding phase, the rocker 1 rotates counterclockwise, the plateau pin 7 comes out of the fork, the first pallet rest 8 has just disengaged from the wheel 10 and the spring 2 is in a stable position corresponding to a second mode buckling. During the arming phase, while the rocker 1 performs its supplementary arc, the first escape wheel 10 rotates freely and the second escape wheel 11 cooperates with the second pallet of rest 9 of the rocking lever 3 to rotate the latter counterclockwise until a tooth of the second wheel 11 bears on the second pallet rest 9. Concomitantly, the leaf spring 2 has left its initial stable state corresponding to a second mode buckling and deformed under the action of the armature rocker 3 to a metastable state close to an unstable state corresponding to a fourth mode buckling. The armature of the leaf spring 2 is then maximal.

Lors de la phase de repos suivante, les roues d'échappement 10, 11 sont à l'arrêt, une dent de la deuxième roue 11 étant en appui contre la deuxième palette de repos 9. Le balancier 1 poursuit son oscillation jusqu'à ce que la cheville 7 percute la fourchette de la bascule de détente 4 ce qui marque le début de la phase d'impulsion.During the following rest phase, the escape wheels 10, 11 are stopped, a tooth of the second wheel 11 bearing against the second pallet of 9. The balance 1 continues its oscillation until the pin 7 hits the fork of the trigger rocker 4 which marks the beginning of the pulse phase.

Durant la phase d'impulsion, la bascule de détente 4 pivote en agissant sur le ressort-lame 2 qui bascule alors subitement de sa position instable à un état stable correspondant à un flambage de second mode inverse du précédent. Ce changement d'état fait pivoter la bascule d'armage 3, entraînant le dégagement de la deuxième palette de repos 9 de la deuxième roue d'échappement 11. La bascule d'armage 3 pivote jusqu'à ce que la première palette de repos 8 rencontre la première roue d'échappement 10. Lors du changement d'état du ressort-lame 2, celui-ci agit également sur la bascule de détente 4, communiquant ainsi au balancier 1 l'énergie accumulée lors de l'armage du ressort-lame 2, par l'intermédiaire de la fourchette.During the pulse phase, the trigger rocker 4 pivots by acting on the leaf spring 2 which then suddenly switches from its unstable position to a stable state corresponding to a reverse second mode buckling of the previous one. This change of state rotates the armature lever 3, causing the release of the second pallet of rest 9 of the second escape wheel 11. The armature rocker 3 pivots until the first pallet of rest 8 when the spring wheel 2 is being changed, the latter also acts on the trigger rocker 4, thus communicating with the balance 1 the energy accumulated during the winding of the spring -lame 2, through the fork.

Au cours de l'alternance suivante, les phases décrites ci-dessus se reproduisent symétriquement par rapport au plan passant par les axes de rotation du balancier 1, des bascules de détente 4 et d'armage 3 et par le point d'inflexion du ressort-lame 2.During the next alternation, the phases described above reproduce symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through the axes of rotation of the balance 1, the trigger rockers 4 and armature 3 and the point of inflection of the spring -lame 2.

Un tel mécanisme d'échappement permet notamment d'entretenir les oscillations du balancier de manière constante sur toute la durée de la réserve de marche indépendamment des variations de couple de la source d'énergie.Such an escape mechanism makes it possible, in particular, to maintain oscillations of the balance arm steadily over the entire duration of the power reserve, independently of the torque variations of the energy source.

Le tirage des roues d'échappement 10 et 11 sur les première 8 et deuxième 9 palettes de repos de la bascule d'armage 3 permet d'assurer la fonction de verrouillage des roues d'échappement. La force de tirage doit être suffisante pour éviter les déverrouillages intempestifs qui pourraient, par exemple, résulter des accélérations subies par la pièce d'horlogerie dans un usage courant et qui entraineraient une avance de la marche de la pièce d'horlogerie et une surconsommation d'énergie. A l'inverse, la force de tirage doit être la plus faible possible afin de limiter l'énergie nécessaire pour réaliser le dégagement et ainsi d'optimiser la réserve de marche. Il a été constaté qu'il n'était pas possible de régler le tirage des roues d'échappement 10 et 11 de façon satisfaisante de manière à obtenir conjointement une force de verrouillage suffisante et une consommation d'énergie modérée.The draw of the escape wheels 10 and 11 on the first 8 and second 9 pallets of rest of the rocker arm 3 makes it possible to ensure the locking function of the escape wheels. The pulling force must be sufficient to avoid unwanted unlocking which could, for example, result from accelerations experienced by the timepiece in everyday use and which would lead to an advance in the running of the timepiece and overconsumption of time. 'energy. Conversely, the pulling force must be as small as possible in order to limit the energy required to achieve the clearance and thus optimize the power reserve. It has been found that it is not possible to adjust the draft of the escape wheels 10 and 11 satisfactorily so as to together, to obtain a sufficient locking force and a moderate energy consumption.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient.The present invention aims to overcome this disadvantage.

Divulgation de l'inventionDisclosure of the invention

Ce but est atteint grâce à un mécanisme d'échappement dont les caractéristiques sont détaillées dans les revendications.This object is achieved through an exhaust mechanism whose features are detailed in the claims.

Plus particulièrement, le mécanisme d'échappement de l'invention est agencé pour transmettre des impulsions d'énergie mécanique d'une source motrice à un régulateur oscillant de pièce d'horlogerie par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort-lame travaillant en flambage autour d'un point d'inflexion, ledit ressort-lame étant susceptible d'accumuler l'énergie issue de la source motrice entre deux impulsions et de la transmettre audit régulateur oscillant à chaque impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'une bascule d'armage coopérant avec le ressort-lame et d'une bascule de détente apte à coopérer avec au moins un mobile d'échappement recevant l'énergie de la source motrice pour bloquer sa rotation de manière intermittente.More particularly, the escapement mechanism of the invention is designed to transmit pulses of mechanical energy from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece regulator via a leaf spring working in buckling around a point of inflection, said leaf spring being capable of accumulating energy from the power source between two pulses and to transmit it to said oscillating regulator at each pulse by means of a cooperating armature latch with the leaf spring and a trigger rocker adapted to cooperate with at least one escapement mobile receiving energy from the drive source to block its rotation intermittently.

Le mécanisme d'échappement de l'invention se caractérise en ce que les bascules d'armage et de détente et le mobile d'échappement sont agencés par rapport au ressort-lame de manière à ce que les fonctions de verrouillage et de déverrouillage du mobile d'échappement d'une part, et les fonctions d'armage du ressort-lame d'autre part, sont dissociées.The escape mechanism of the invention is characterized in that the armature and trigger rockers and the escape wheel are arranged relative to the leaf spring so that the locking and unlocking functions of the mobile on the one hand, and the arming functions of the leaf spring on the other hand, are dissociated.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée de ce mécanisme d'échappement, la bascule de détente comprend une bascule de verrouillage comportant:

  • une fourchette et un dard aptes à travailler avec le régulateur, et
  • au moins deux ergots de verrouillage agencés pour bloquer le mobile d'échappement pendant les phases de repos,
de sorte que le dégagement de la bascule de verrouillage est déclenché par une action du régulateur sur ladite fourchette indépendamment du ressort-lame dans le transfert de l'énergie du dégagement.In a preferred embodiment of this escape mechanism, the trigger rocker comprises a latching rocker comprising:
  • a fork and a dart able to work with the regulator, and
  • at least two locking lugs arranged to block the escape wheel during the rest phases,
so that the release of the latch is triggered by an action of the regulator on said fork independently of the leaf spring in the transfer of the energy of the disengagement.

De préférence, le mobile d'échappement comprend un pignon adapté pour lier cinématiquement ledit mobile d'échappement à la source motrice.Preferably, the escape mobile comprises a pinion adapted to kinematically bind said mobile escape to the power source.

Dans une forme de réalisation de l'invention, le mobile d'échappement comprend une roue de verrouillage comprenant une pluralité de zones fonctionnelles ayant chacune un plan de verrouillage destiné à coopérer avec un ergot de la bascule de détente pour bloquer le mobile d'échappement pendant les phases de repos. De plus, le mobile d'échappement comporte également une came d'armage.In one embodiment of the invention, the escape wheel comprises a locking wheel comprising a plurality of functional zones each having a locking plane intended to cooperate with a lug of the trigger rocker to block the escape wheel during the rest phases. In addition, the escapement mobile also includes a winding cam.

Selon une forme particulière de réalisation de l'invention, la bascule d'armage comporte au moins un levier apte à coopérer avec la came d'armage dudit au moins un mobile d'échappement.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the armature rocker comprises at least one lever adapted to cooperate with the arming cam of said at least one escapement mobile.

Avantageusement, le mécanisme d'échappement comporte au moins un dit mobile d'échappement et la bascule d'armage comporte au moins un levier, le cas échéant associé à un ressort de rappel par exemple, qui coopère avec la came d'armage dudit mobile d'échappement, la came d'armage comprenant N zones fonctionnelles et étant indexées avec un décalage de 360/N°. De plus, le ou les leviers sont dimensionnés et positionnés pour être toujours en contact de la dite came d'armage.Advantageously, the exhaust mechanism comprises at least one said mobile escapement and the armature rocker comprises at least one lever, optionally associated with a return spring for example, which cooperates with the arming cam of said mobile exhaust, the arming cam comprising N functional areas and being indexed with an offset of 360 / N °. In addition, the lever or levers are dimensioned and positioned to always be in contact with said arming cam.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière, le ou les leviers sont agencés sur un bras solidaire de la bascule d'armage, et le ou lesdits leviers sont dimensionnés et positionnés pour être toujours en contact avec au moins une came d'armage.In a particular embodiment, the lever or levers are arranged on an arm integral with the armature rocker, and the lever or levers are sized and positioned to always be in contact with at least one arming cam.

De préférence, le ou les leviers et la came d'armage sont conformés pour limiter les déplacements angulaires involontaires de la bascule d'armage une fois celle-ci parvenue en une de ses positions extrêmes en rotation autour de son axe.Preferably, the lever or levers and the arming cam are shaped to limit unintentional angular displacements of the armature rocker once it has reached one of its extreme positions in rotation about its axis.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres caractéristiques de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence au dessin annexé, dans lequel, outre la figure 1 décrite ci-dessus en référence à l'état de la technique :

  • les figures 2 à 6 représentent différentes phases du fonctionnement d'un mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention,
  • les figures 7 et 8 montrent certains détails d'un mobile d'échappement et d'une bascule de détente utile dans le mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention,
  • la figure 9 montre un exemple d'une bascule d'armage utile dans le mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention.
Other features of the present invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawing, in which, in addition to the figure 1 described above with reference to the state of the art:
  • the Figures 2 to 6 represent different phases of the operation of an exhaust mechanism according to the invention,
  • the Figures 7 and 8 show some details of an escape wheel and a trigger rocker useful in the exhaust mechanism according to the invention,
  • the figure 9 shows an example of an armature rocker useful in the exhaust mechanism according to the invention.

Mode(s) de réalisation de l'inventionMode (s) of realization of the invention

On a représenté sur la figure 2 un mécanisme d'échappement agencé pour transmettre des impulsions d'énergie mécanique d'une source motrice à un régulateur oscillant de pièce d'horlogerie, notamment de type balancier 1, par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort-lame 2 travaillant en flambage autour d'un point d'inflexion. Le ressort-lame 2, contraint en flambement en ses extrémités par tous moyens appropriés, par exemple solidaire d'un cadre dimensionné pour contraindre ledit ressort-lame et apte à être fixé sur un pont ou la platine d'une pièce d'horlogerie ou simplement fixé directement sur un dit pont ou sur la platine d'une pièce d'horlogerie, est susceptible d'accumuler de l'énergie issue de la source motrice entre deux impulsions et de la transmettre au régulateur oscillant à chaque impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'une bascule de détente 25 montée pivotante autour d'un axe X1 confondu avec le point d'inflexion du ressort-lame 2. La bascule d'armage 3 comporte deux bras de liaison 31 au ressort-lame 2 s'étendant depuis l'axe X1 et comportant chacun entre leur extrémité opposée au dit axe X1 des goupilles 13a coopérant avec des oeillets 13b solidaires du ressort-lame 2.We have shown on the figure 2 an escape mechanism arranged to transmit pulses of mechanical energy from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece control unit, in particular of the pendulum type 1, by means of a leaf spring 2 working in buckling around a point of inflection. The leaf spring 2, constrained in buckling at its ends by any appropriate means, for example integral with a frame sized to constrain said leaf spring and adapted to be fixed on a bridge or the plate of a timepiece or simply fixed directly on a said bridge or the turntable of a timepiece, is capable of accumulating energy from the power source between two pulses and transmit it to the oscillating regulator at each pulse via of a trigger rocker 25 pivotally mounted about an axis X1 coincides with the point of inflection of the leaf spring 2. The armature rocker 3 comprises two connecting arms 31 to the leaf spring 2 extending from the X1 axis and each having between their end opposite said axis X1 pins 13a cooperating with eyelets 13b integral with the leaf spring 2.

Le mécanisme d'échappement comporte également une bascule de détente 25 comprenant :

  • une bascule de verrouillage 20, représentée en détail sur la figure 8, qui est également montée pivotante autour de l'axe X1 et comporte à une extrémité une fourchette 24 apte à coopérer avec une goupille de plateau du régulateur,
  • une bascule d'impulsion 4 solidaire de la lame-ressort 2 et s'étendant dans un même plan que des étoqueaux E, la bascule d'impulsion 4 comportant en outre à une extrémité une fourchette 41 apte à coopérer avec lesdits étoqueaux pour assurer le positionnement de la bascule de détente 25 dans ses positions extrêmes, et
  • un dard 22, destiné à coopérer de manière classique avec une encoche de plateau du régulateur à chaque alternance de celui-ci.
The escapement mechanism also includes a trigger rocker comprising:
  • a latching lever 20, shown in detail on the figure 8 which is also pivotally mounted about the axis X1 and has at one end a fork 24 adapted to cooperate with a platen pin of the regulator,
  • a pulse rocker 4 integral with the leaf spring 2 and extending in the same plane as star E, the pulse rocker 4 further comprising at one end a fork 41 adapted to cooperate with said star to ensure the positioning the trigger rocker 25 in its extreme positions, and
  • a dart 22, intended to cooperate in a conventional manner with a plateau notch of the regulator at each alternation thereof.

La bascule de verrouillage 20 coopère avantageusement par l'intermédiaire d'ergots antérieur 26a et postérieur 26b avec un mobile d'échappement 28 du ressort-lame 2 pour bloquer la rotation de ce mobile d'échappement 28 de manière intermittente, ledit mobile d'échappement 28 étant en lien cinématique avec la source motrice.The latch 20 advantageously cooperates via anterior pins 26a and 26b rear with an escapement mobile 28 of the leaf spring 2 to block the rotation of the escapement mobile 28 intermittently, said mobile of exhaust 28 is in kinematic connection with the driving source.

La bascule de verrouillage 20 est solidaire de la bascule d'impulsion 4, et du dard 22 et ils sont assemblés par des goupilles ou tout autre moyen, qui assurent leur positionnement angulaire respectif autour de l'axe X1 de manière sure. De préférence, la bascule de verrouillage 20, la bascule d'impulsion 4 et le dard 22 s'étendent respectivement suivant des directions longitudinales situées dans un même plan vertical passant par l'axe X1.The latch 20 is integral with the pulse rocker 4, and the dart 22 and they are assembled by pins or any other means, which ensure their respective angular positioning around the axis X1 in a safe way. Preferably, the latch 20, the pulse rocker 4 and the dart 22 respectively extend in longitudinal directions located in the same vertical plane passing through the axis X1.

La bascule d'armage 3, d'une part, et la bascule de détente 25, d'autre part, sont montées libres en rotation l'une en référence à l'autre sur un axe matériel de pivotement confondu avec l'axe X1, le ressort-lame 2 ne participant pas au un pivotement virtuel des bascules d'armage et de détente 25.The armature rocker 3, on the one hand, and the trigger rocker 25, on the other hand, are rotatably mounted one with reference to the other on a pivoting material axis coinciding with the axis X1 , the leaf spring 2 not participating in a virtual pivoting of the armature and trigger rockers 25.

Comme représenté à la figure 7, le mobile d'échappement 28 comprend un pignon 32 par lequel il est relié cinématiquement au rouage de finissage de la pièce d'horlogerie comportant le mécanisme d'échappement pour recevoir l'énergie de la source d'énergie, par exemple constituée d'un ou plusieurs barillets. Le mobile d'échappement 28 comprend en outre, empilées sur un même axe, une came d'armage 36, par exemple une came triangulaire à plans de came convexes, dont le rôle apparaîtra plus loin, ainsi qu'une roue de verrouillage 38. La came d'armage 36 et la roue de verrouillage 38 comprennent chacune une pluralité de zones fonctionnelles, dont la position angulaire est ajustée en référence les unes par rapport aux autres.As represented in figure 7 , the escape wheel 28 comprises a pinion 32 by which it is kinematically connected to the finishing gear of the timepiece comprising the exhaust mechanism for receiving energy from the energy source, for example consisting of one or more barrels. The escapement wheel 28 further comprises, stacked on the same axis, a winding cam 36, for example a triangular cam with convex cam planes, the role of which will appear below, as well as a locking wheel 38. The arming cam 36 and the locking wheel 38 each comprise a plurality of functional zones, the angular position of which is adjusted with reference to each other.

Chaque zone fonctionnelle de la roue de verrouillage 38 comprend un plan de verrouillage 40, destiné à coopérer avec la bascule de verrouillage 20. Le plan de verrouillage 40 est de préférence situé dans le plan de la roue de verrouillage 38, qui peut ainsi être fabriquée aisément.Each functional zone of the locking wheel 38 comprises a locking plane 40 intended to cooperate with the latch 20. The locking plane 40 is preferably located in the plane of the locking wheel 38, which can thus be manufactured easily.

Comme cela ressort de la figure 8 en particulier, la bascule de verrouillage 20 comprend une fourchette 24. Cette fourchette 24 est adaptée pour coopérer avec le régulateur 1, et plus particulièrement avec une cheville 7 de plateau comme représenté sur les figures 2 à 6 du régulateur 1, comme dans le cas d'un système réglant coopérant avec un échappement à ancre suisse conventionnel.As is apparent from the figure 8 in particular, the latch 20 comprises a fork 24. This fork 24 is adapted to cooperate with the regulator 1, and more particularly with a plate pin 7 as shown in FIGS. Figures 2 to 6 of the regulator 1, as in the case of a regulating system cooperating with a conventional Swiss anchor escapement.

La bascule de verrouillage 20 comprend également des ergots de verrouillage antérieur 26a et postérieur 26b agencés pour bloquer le mobile d'échappement 28 pendant les phases de repos, en travaillant avec les plans de verrouillage 40 de la roue de verrouillage 38.The latching lever 20 also comprises anterior locking lugs 26a and posterior 26b arranged to lock the escape wheel 28 during the rest phases, by working with the locking planes 40 of the locking wheel 38.

En fonctionnement, sur la figure 2, le mécanisme est illustré lorsque la bascule de détente 25 a été positionnée par le changement de mode de flambage du ressort-lame 2. La bascule de détente 25 et la bascule d'armage 3 sont alors en position d'entrée ou antérieure, côté mobile d'échappement 28, sous l'action de l'ergot de verrouillage antérieur 26a et de la roue de verrouillage 38, qui transmet le couple fourni par la source d'énergie. Ce couple assure un tirage sur la bascule de détente 25 par l'intermédiaire de l'ergot antérieur 26a, contre lequel un plan de verrouillage 40 vient prendre appui. Le couple presse la fourchette de la bascule d'impulsion 4 contre l'un des étoqueaux E, afin de définir toujours de manière certaine la position de la bascule d'impulsion 25. La bascule d'armage 3 est également positionnée directement par la came d'armage 36 et non par le ressort-lame 2. Le mobile d'échappement 28 est arrêté.In operation, on the figure 2 , the mechanism is illustrated when the trigger rocker 25 has been positioned by the change of buckling mode of the leaf spring 2. The trigger rocker 25 and the rocker arm 3 are then in the input or anterior position, side mobile exhaust 28, under the action of the previous locking pin 26a and the locking wheel 38, which transmits the torque provided by the energy source. This torque provides a pull on the trigger rocker 25 via the front lug 26a, against which a locking plane 40 is supported. The pair presses the fork of the pulse rocker 4 against one of the stars E, in order to always definitively define the position of the pulse rocker 25. The armature rocker 3 is also positioned directly by the cam of the armature 36 and not by the leaf spring 2. The escape wheel 28 is stopped.

Lors de la rotation du régulateur, la cheville de plateau 7 que celui-ci comporte rentre dans la fourchette 24 de la bascule de verrouillage 20. Le ressort-lame 2 quitte alors son mode instable de second ordre et se repositionne en flambement de 1er ordre, fournissant ainsi toute son énergie au régulateur par l'intermédiaire de la fourchette 24 de la bascule de verrouillage 20 et de la cheville de plateau 7 du régulateur. Au cours de l'impulsion, la bascule de détente 25 pivote autour de l'axe X1 et se déplace d'une première position en butée contre un premier étoqueau E vers une seconde position en butée contre le second étoqueau E (figures 3 à 6). Ce déplacement libère la bascule de verrouillage 20 de son appui contre la roue de verrouillage 38 au niveau de l'ergot antérieur 26a, libérant ainsi le mobile d'échappement 28 qui entre alors en rotation.During the rotation of the regulator, the plate pin 7 that it comprises enters the fork 24 of the latch 20. The leaf spring 2 then leaves its unstable mode of second order and repositioned in buckling of 1 st order, thus providing all its energy to the regulator through the fork 24 of the latch 20 and the plate pin 7 of the regulator. During the pulse, the trigger rocker 25 pivots around the axis X1 and moves from a first position in abutment against a first star E to a second position abutting against the second star E ( Figures 3 to 6 ). This movement releases the latch 20 from its support against the locking wheel 38 at the front pin 26a, thus releasing the escapement wheel 28 which then rotates.

La bascule de verrouillage 20 est alors positionnée pour recevoir, en appui contre l'ergot de verrouillage de sortie ou postérieur 26b au niveau d'un plan de verrouillage 40 de la roue de verrouillage 38. Le plan de verrouillage 40 de la roue de verrouillage 38 transmet le couple fourni par la source d'énergie à la bascule de détente via l'ergot postérieur 26b. Ce couple assure un tirage sur la bascule de verrouillage 20 et la bascule de détente 25 et presse ainsi la bascule d'impulsion 4 contre l'un des étoqueaux E, afin de définir toujours de manière certaine la position de la bascule de détente 25. La bascule d'armage 3 est également positionnée directement via la came d'armage 36. Le ressort-lame 2 est armé, proche de sa position instable et en attente de la cheville 7 lors de l'alternance suivante.The latch 20 is then positioned to receive, in abutment against the output or rear locking pin 26b at a locking plane 40 of the locking wheel 38. The locking plane 40 of the locking wheel 38 transmits the torque provided by the energy source to the trigger rocker via the rear lug 26b. This torque provides a pull on the latch 20 and the trigger rocker 25 and thus presses the pulse latch 4 against one of the star E, to always definitively determine the position of the trigger rocker 25. The armature rocker 3 is also positioned directly via the arming cam 36. The leaf spring 2 is armed, close to its unstable position and waiting for the ankle 7 during the next alternation.

Ainsi, grâce à cette disposition, le dégagement de la bascule de verrouillage 20 est déclenché par une action du régulateur 1 sur la fourchette 24 sans intervention du ressort-lame 2 dans le transfert de l'énergie du dégagement. On a ainsi une dissociation des fonctions de verrouillage et de déverrouillage du mobile d'échappement 28 d'une part, et des fonctions d'armage du ressort-lame 2. On obtient de plus un tirage efficace qui améliore les sécurités des fonctions sur l'échappement.Thus, thanks to this arrangement, the release of the latch 20 is triggered by an action of the regulator 1 on the fork 24 without intervention of the leaf spring 2 in the transfer of the energy of the release. There is thus a dissociation of the locking and unlocking functions of the escapement wheel 28 on the one hand, and the arming functions of the leaf spring 2. In addition, an efficient draft is obtained which improves the safety of the functions on the front wheel. 'exhaust.

Si l'un des buts de l'invention est de séparer le réglage des phases de verrouillage/déverrouillage, d'une part, et d'armage, d'autre part, il n'en demeure pas moins que ces fonctions doivent être synchronisées. Pour ce faire, la bascule d'armage 3 comporte également, comme représenté sur les figures 2 à 6 et en détail à la figure 8 deux leviers 50 conformés pour coopérer avec la came d'armage 36 du mobile d'échappement 28. La came d'armage 36, visible sur la figure 7 en particulier comprend N zones fonctionnelles constituées par des segments de came 36a, 36b, 36c. La came 36 du mobile d'échappement 28 est indexée avec un décalage de 360°/N. Les leviers 50 sont dimensionnés et positionnés pour être en contact permanent avec la came d'armage 36, la position angulaire de ladite came 36 permettant ainsi de positionner parfaitement la bascule d'armage 3, en synchronisme avec roue de verrouillage 38. Dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures 2 à 6, la came 36 est essentiellement triangulaire, les 3 segments de came 36a, 36b, 36c étant convexes pour définir un contact ponctuel avec les leviers 50 de la bascule d'armage 3 et optimiser les frottements.If one of the aims of the invention is to separate the setting of the locking / unlocking phases, on the one hand, and arming, on the other hand, it remains the case that these functions must be synchronized . To do this, the armature rocker 3 also comprises, as represented on the Figures 2 to 6 and in detail at the figure 8 two levers 50 shaped to cooperate with the arming cam 36 of the escapement wheel 28. The arming cam 36, visible on the figure 7 in particular comprises N functional areas consisting of cam segments 36a, 36b, 36c. The cam 36 of the escapement wheel 28 is indexed with an offset of 360 ° / N. The levers 50 are dimensioned and positioned to be in permanent contact with the arming cam 36, the angular position of said cam 36 thus making it possible to perfectly position the armature rocker 3, in synchronism with the locking wheel 38. example shown on Figures 2 to 6 , the cam 36 is essentially triangular, the 3 cam segments 36a, 36b, 36c being convex to define a point contact with the levers 50 of the armature rocker 3 and optimize the friction.

Les leviers 50 peuvent être formés des branches d'une fourchette 52 en U portée à l'extrémité d'un bras 53, la fourchette étant conformée et dimensionnée de telle sorte que la came d'armage 36 du mobile 28 soit insérée entre les branches du U en contact permanent et ponctuel avec la came 36, ce qui permet d'assurer un parfait positionnement ainsi qu'un verrouillage angulaire de la bascule d'armage 3.The levers 50 may be formed of the branches of a fork 52 in U carried at the end of an arm 53, the fork being shaped and dimensioned so that the arming cam 36 of the mobile 28 is inserted between the branches the U in permanent and punctual contact with the cam 36, which ensures a perfect positioning and an angular locking of the armature rocker 3.

Les leviers 50 et la came d'armage 36 peuvent bien entendu adopter d'autres formes que celle représentée sur la figure 9, en fonction de la géométrie particulière de la came d'armage 36. On pourrait notamment considérer n'utiliser qu'un seul levier 50 associé à un ressort de rappel pour coopérer avec ladite came d'armage 36. Quelle que soit sa forme chaque levier 50 permet, en coopération avec la came d'armage 36 du mobile d'échappement 28 d'une part et les goupilles 13a de liaison de la bascule d'armage 3 au ressort-lame 2 dans les oeillets 13b correspondant d'autre part de réarmer le ressort-lame 2 jusqu'à un point optimum défini et verrouillé angulairement par la géométrie des came d'armage 36 et leviers 50 pour l'impulsion suivante. Ce réarmage résulte du pivotement de la bascule d'armage 3 autour de l'axe X1 contenant le point d'inflexion du ressort-lame 2 sous l'effet de levier appliqué aux leviers 50 par la came d'armage 36, qui engendre au niveau des goupilles 13a de la bascule d'armage une action de traction sur le ressort lame sensiblement au centre des deux segments dudit ressort de part et d'autre du point d'inflexion sur l'axe X1, et ainsi un flambement de second ordre du ressort lame 2 qui adopte alors la configuration représentée aux figures 4 à 7, dans laquelle il est réarmé jusqu'à l'impulsion suivante.The levers 50 and the arming cam 36 may of course adopt other shapes than that shown in FIG. figure 9 , depending on the particular geometry of the arming cam 36. In particular it could be considered to use only one lever 50 associated with a return spring to cooperate with said arming cam 36. Whatever its shape, each lever 50 allows, in cooperation with the arming cam 36 of the escapement wheel 28 on the one hand and the pins 13a of the connection of the armature rocker 3 to the leaf spring 2 in the corresponding eyelets 13b on the other hand to reset the leaf spring 2 to a defined optimum point and angularly locked by the geometry of the arming cam 36 and levers 50 for the next pulse. This rearming results from the pivoting of the armature lever 3 around the axis X1 containing the point of inflection of the leaf spring 2 under the leverage applied to the levers 50 by the arming cam 36, which generates level of the pins 13a of the armature rocker a traction action on the leaf spring substantially in the center of the two segments of said spring on either side of the point of inflection on the axis X1, and thus a second order buckling of the leaf spring 2 which then adopts the configuration shown in FIGS. Figures 4 to 7 in which it is reset until the next pulse.

Le mécanisme d'échappement de l'invention a été décrit ici en référence aux figures annexées dans un mode de réalisation comprenant un unique mobile d'échappement 28 coopérant avec la bascule de détente 25 par l'intermédiaire de la bascule de verrouillage 20 incorporée dans cette dernière. Toutefois, l'homme du métier pourra aisément réaliser un mécanisme d'échappement analogue comportant deux mobiles d'armage 28 symétriques coopérant alternativement à chaque alternance avec la bascule de détente 25 en ajustant de manière différente les ergots 26a, 26b sur la bascule de verrouillage et en assurant une liaison cinématique des deux mobiles d'armage entre eux pour en assurer la synchronisation en rotation, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un mobile denté coaxial aux roues de verrouillage et cames d'armage de chacun des mobiles d'armage, identiques. On veillera alors à assurer une géométrie des leviers 50 de la bascule d'armage permettant un contact alternatif avec les cames d'armage de chacun des deux mobiles d'armage symétriques tout en assurant une position verrouillée angulairement de cette bascule.The exhaust mechanism of the invention has been described here with reference to the appended figures in an embodiment comprising a single exhaust mobile 28 cooperating with the trigger rocker 25 via the latch 20 incorporated in the latter. However, those skilled in the art can easily make a similar exhaust mechanism comprising two symmetrical armoring mobiles 28 cooperating alternately with each alternation with the trigger rocker 25 by adjusting differently the pins 26a, 26b on the latch and by providing a kinematic connection of the two armoring mobiles between them to ensure synchronization in rotation, for example by means of a toothed gear coaxial with the locking wheels and arming cams of each of the armoring mobiles, identical. It will then be ensured to ensure a geometry of the levers 50 of the armature rocker allowing an alternating contact with the winding cams of each of the two symmetrical armoring mobiles while ensuring a locked position angularly of this rocker.

On pourra également envisager réaliser le mécanisme d'échappement de l'invention en mettant en oeuvre une simple lame dont une extrémité est située sur l'axe de rotation de la bascule de détente. Une telle configuration permet notamment de réduire l'encombrement du mécanisme d'échappement de l'invention.It will also be possible to realize the escape mechanism of the invention by implementing a simple blade whose one end is located on the axis of rotation of the trigger rocker. Such a configuration makes it possible in particular to reduce the size of the exhaust mechanism of the invention.

Claims (8)

Mécanisme d'échappement agencé pour transmettre des impulsions d'énergie mécanique d'une source motrice à un régulateur oscillant de pièce d'horlogerie par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort-lame (2) travaillant en flambage autour d'un point d'inflexion, ledit ressort-lame (2) étant susceptible d'accumuler l'énergie issue de la source motrice entre deux impulsions et de la transmettre audit régulateur oscillant à chaque impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'une bascule d'armage (3) coopérant avec le ressort-lame (2) et d'une bascule de détente (20) apte à coopérer avec au moins un mobile d'échappement (28) recevant l'énergie de la source motrice pour bloquer sa rotation de manière intermittente,
caractérisé en ce que les bascules d'armage et de détente et le mobile d'échappement sont agencés par rapport au ressort-lame (2) de manière à ce que les fonctions de verrouillage et de déverrouillage dudit mobile d'échappement (28) d'une part, et les fonctions d'armage du ressort-lame (2) d'autre part, sont dissociées.An escapement mechanism arranged to transmit pulses of mechanical energy from a driving source to an oscillating timepiece controller through a leaf spring (2) working in buckling around a point of rotation. inflection, said leaf spring (2) being capable of accumulating energy from the driving source between two pulses and of transmitting it to said oscillating regulator at each pulse by means of a cooperating rocking lever (3) with the leaf spring (2) and a trigger rocker (20) adapted to cooperate with at least one escape wheel (28) receiving energy from the power source to block its rotation intermittently,
characterized in that the armature and trigger rockers and the escapement wheel are arranged with respect to the leaf spring (2) so that the locking and unlocking functions of said escapement wheel (28) on the one hand, and the armature functions of the leaf spring (2) on the other hand, are dissociated. Mécanisme d'échappement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bascule de détente (25) comprend une bascule de verrouillage (20) comportant: - une fourchette (24) apte à travailler avec le régulateur (1), et - au moins deux ergots de verrouillage (26) agencés pour bloquer le mobile d'échappement (28) pendant les phases de repos, de sorte que le dégagement de la bascule de verrouillage (20) est déclenché par une action du régulateur sur ladite fourchette indépendamment du ressort-lame (2) dans le transfert de l'énergie du dégagement.Exhaust mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger rocker (25) comprises a latching lever (20) comprising: a fork (24) able to work with the regulator (1), and at least two locking lugs (26) arranged to block the escape wheel (28) during the rest phases, so that the release of the latch (20) is triggered by an action of the regulator on said fork independently of the leaf spring (2) in the transfer of the energy of the disengagement. Mécanisme d'échappement selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le mobile d'échappement (28) comprend un pignon (32) adapté pour lier cinématiquement ledit mobile d'échappement à la source motrice.Exhaust mechanism according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the exhaust movable (28) comprises a pinion (32) adapted to cinematically connect said mobile escape to the power source. Mécanisme d'échappement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le mobile d'échappement (28) comprend une roue de verrouillage (38) comprenant une pluralité de zones fonctionnelles, ayant chacune un plan de verrouillage (40) destiné à coopérer avec un ergot (26a, 26b) de la bascule de verrouillage (20) pour bloquer le mobile d'échappement (28) pendant les phases de repos.Exhaust mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the escapement wheel (28) comprises a locking wheel (38) comprising a plurality of functional zones, each having a locking plane (40) for cooperate with a lug (26a, 26b) of the latch (20) to block the mobile escape (28) during the rest phases. Mécanisme d'échappement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bascule d'armage (3) comporte au moins un levier (50) apte à coopérer avec la came d'armage dudit mobile d'échappement (28).Exhaust mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature rocker (3) comprises at least one lever (50) adapted to cooperate with the arming cam of said mobile escapement (28). Mécanisme d'échappement selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le au moins un levier (50) coopère avec une came d'armage (36) du mobile d'échappement (28), ladite came d'armage (36) comprenant N zones fonctionnelles, et étant indexée avec un décalage de 360/N°, et en ce que le levier (50) est dimensionné et positionné pour être toujours en contact ladite came d'armage (36).Exhaust mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one lever (50) cooperates with an arming cam (36) of the escapement wheel (28), said arming cam (36) comprising N functional areas, and being indexed with an offset of 360 / No., and in that the lever (50) is sized and positioned to always be in contact with said arming cam (36). Mécanisme d'échappement selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le au moins un levier (50) est agencés sur un bras solidaire de la bascule d'armage, et en ce que ledit levier (50) est dimensionné et positionné pour être toujours en contact avec la came d'armage (36).Exhaust mechanism according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the at least one lever (50) is arranged on an arm integral with the armature rocker, and in that said lever (50) is dimensioned and positioned to always be in contact with the arming cam (36). Mécanisme d'échappement selon la revendication 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le levier (50) et la came d'armage (36) sont conformés pour limiter les déplacements angulaires involontaires de la bascule d'armage (3).Exhaust mechanism according to claim 5 to 7, characterized in that the lever (50) and the arming cam (36) are shaped to limit the unintentional angular displacements of the armature rocker (3).
EP16179989.5A 2016-07-18 2016-07-18 Exhaust mechanism Active EP3273308B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16179989.5A EP3273308B1 (en) 2016-07-18 2016-07-18 Exhaust mechanism
PCT/EP2017/066689 WO2018015146A1 (en) 2016-07-18 2017-07-04 Escapement mechanism
CN201780043798.XA CN109478037B (en) 2016-07-18 2017-07-04 Escapement mechanism
JP2019501474A JP2019521344A (en) 2016-07-18 2017-07-04 Escapement mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16179989.5A EP3273308B1 (en) 2016-07-18 2016-07-18 Exhaust mechanism

Publications (2)

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EP3273308A1 true EP3273308A1 (en) 2018-01-24
EP3273308B1 EP3273308B1 (en) 2019-06-12

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EP16179989.5A Active EP3273308B1 (en) 2016-07-18 2016-07-18 Exhaust mechanism

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EP (1) EP3273308B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2019521344A (en)
CN (1) CN109478037B (en)
WO (1) WO2018015146A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3599514B1 (en) 2018-07-25 2023-06-07 Sowind S.A. Exhaust mechanism having bistable and monostable springs
EP3623875B1 (en) 2018-09-11 2023-04-26 Sowind S.A. Exhaust mechanism with bistable leaf spring
CN112859566A (en) * 2019-11-28 2021-05-28 福州市闽侯夫达工艺品有限公司 Movement of quartz clock

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999064936A1 (en) 1998-06-08 1999-12-16 Manufacture Des Montres Rolex S.A. Method for transmitting bursts of mechanical energy from a power source to an oscillating regulator
WO2016113704A2 (en) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-21 Creaditive Ag Timepiece, control element and method for operating a control element with high control quality
CH710685A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-15 Sowind S A Escape mechanism.

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WO2001077759A1 (en) * 2000-04-11 2001-10-18 Detra Sa Escapement device for timepiece component
DE60331447D1 (en) * 2003-12-16 2010-04-08 Montres Breguet Sa Chronometer escapement for watches
EP1983389B1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2009-11-25 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Escapement comprising two escape wheels
EP2105806B1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2013-11-13 Sowind S.A. Escapement mechanism
US9075394B2 (en) * 2012-03-29 2015-07-07 Nivarox-Far S.A. Flexible escapement mechanism with movable frame
EP2706416B1 (en) * 2012-09-07 2015-11-18 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Constant force flexible anchor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999064936A1 (en) 1998-06-08 1999-12-16 Manufacture Des Montres Rolex S.A. Method for transmitting bursts of mechanical energy from a power source to an oscillating regulator
WO2016113704A2 (en) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-21 Creaditive Ag Timepiece, control element and method for operating a control element with high control quality
CH710685A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-15 Sowind S A Escape mechanism.

Also Published As

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CN109478037B (en) 2021-04-06
WO2018015146A1 (en) 2018-01-25
JP2019521344A (en) 2019-07-25
CN109478037A (en) 2019-03-15
EP3273308B1 (en) 2019-06-12

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