EP3267104A1 - Brûleur et procédé d'optimisation de la combustion de combustibles particulaires ou grossiers, en particulier de la biomasse - Google Patents

Brûleur et procédé d'optimisation de la combustion de combustibles particulaires ou grossiers, en particulier de la biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3267104A1
EP3267104A1 EP16178687.6A EP16178687A EP3267104A1 EP 3267104 A1 EP3267104 A1 EP 3267104A1 EP 16178687 A EP16178687 A EP 16178687A EP 3267104 A1 EP3267104 A1 EP 3267104A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
primary
tube
flame stabilizers
primary tube
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP16178687.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3267104B1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Hans-Ulrich Thierbach
Paolo Schmidt-Holzmann
Dr. Stefan Hamel
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Steinmueller Engineering GmbH
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Steinmueller Engineering GmbH
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Priority to EP16178687.6A priority Critical patent/EP3267104B1/fr
Publication of EP3267104A1 publication Critical patent/EP3267104A1/fr
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Publication of EP3267104B1 publication Critical patent/EP3267104B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2201/00—Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/20—Fuel flow guiding devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00003—Fuel or fuel-air mixtures flow distribution devices upstream of the outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for particulate fuel, which is particularly suitable in addition for biomass fuels, and methods for optimized combustion of coarse, particulate fuels from biomass.
  • Burners for the combustion of pulverized fuels, especially coal, in a combustion chamber have been known for a long time. This is also referred to as dust firing.
  • pulverized coal burners have a core air tube and are surrounded by a primary air tube concentrically surrounding the core air tube which in turn concentrically surrounds a secondary air tube and often a second secondary air tube (tertiary air tube) concentrically surrounding the secondary air tube.
  • the core tube which is perfused with air, a burner lance for igniting the particulate fuel and possibly other installations such as flame detector on.
  • the concentric with the core tube arranged primary tube forms with the core tube an annular gap which is connected at its rear end with a dust line.
  • a mixture of carbon particles and primary combustion agent (primary air) is fed to the burner.
  • the mixture of carbon particles and combustion agent is set in rotation via a swirl body arranged in the annular gap, so that the carbon particles concentrate in the outer region of the annular gap.
  • a secondary tube and usually a tertiary tube are additionally arranged concentrically around the primary tube, forming a secondary and a tertiary annular gap with the respective inner tube, through which secondary and tertiary combustion means (secondary air and tertiary air) flow.
  • secondary and tertiary combustion means secondary air and tertiary air
  • swirling bodies are also usually provided to give the combustion agent a spin.
  • the twist of the secondary air flow is adjustable, whereby the negative pressure and thus the remindströmmenge hot combustion gases are changeable. This allows the burner to be adapted to the respective pulverized coal to be burnt, in order to achieve reliable ignition.
  • the pulverized coal-carrying primary air tube is surrounded in its mouth region by an air guiding device arranged inside the secondary air tube. This results in the mouth region of the burner, a division of the secondary air flow into two concentric partial flows. One of these partial flows passes through the annular gap formed between the air guiding device and the outer wall of the primary air tube. This annular gap allows premature mixing of the "branched off” secondary air flow into the flame core, whereby the ignition of the pulverized coal is supported, independently or in addition to the spin effect of the secondary air flow.
  • radially inwardly directed flame stabilizers are arranged, which lead to a stall and turbulence of the carbon particles.
  • a flow directed into the combustion chamber with high turbulence and coal particle concentration is formed.
  • This flow is surrounded by the secondary air streams arranged concentrically from the outer.
  • the high turbulence of the particle-rich fuel stream rapidly expels the volatile components from the carbon particles. Due to the high particle concentration, the air ratio is strongly substoichiometric, resulting in less nitrogen oxides (NOx) being formed.
  • the burners of the construction mentioned above can be used not only for the combustion of coal but also for the combustion of other particulate fuels, for example biomass. Due to the generally fibrous and tough structure of the commonly used biomasses, and the high wear of the devices used for milling the biomass, biomass can not be as finely ground as coal.
  • the particle size is typically 90% smaller than 100 ⁇ m and for lignite 90% smaller than 200 ⁇ m.
  • an average particle size of about 1 mm is usually used for combustion, with 1 to 10% and even up to 15% of the particles being larger than 1 mm.
  • the technical object of the present invention was therefore to provide a burner for particulate fuel, in particular for fuels
  • Biomass is suitable, in which the ignition takes place as early as possible and as close to the burner muffle as possible and to stabilize the flame and to realize the required for the low-NOx operation controlled mixing of combustion air into the flames.
  • a plurality of deflection bodies are arranged, so that a plurality of the free flow paths are provided with a deflection body in the aforementioned manner.
  • at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 80% or 100% of the free flow paths are equipped with a diverting body.
  • a plurality of deflecting bodies are disposed within the primary tube gap upstream of the flame stabilizers is arranged so that at least one deflecting body intersects the axis of each fifth, preferably every fourth, more preferably every 3, even more preferably every third, more preferably every second and most preferably of each free flow path.
  • the burner according to the invention can burn conventional fuels such as coal dust.
  • the burner is particularly suitable for burning fuels from biomass.
  • the burner according to the invention can also be used to burn other fuels which contain large and / or non-reactive particles.
  • a plurality of deflecting bodies is arranged offset from the flame stabilizers within the primary tube gap upstream of the flame stabilizers.
  • a deflecting a free flow path that is, the gap or recess between each two adjacent flame stabilizers assigned. In this way, the respective free flow path between each two adjacent flame stabilizers seen in the flow direction is at least partially covered by at least one deflecting body.
  • a number of deflecting bodies corresponding to the number of free flow paths are arranged on the axes of the free flow paths within the primary tube gap upstream of the flame stabilizers.
  • the deflecting bodies in the primary pipe gap guiding the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture By means of the deflecting bodies in the primary pipe gap guiding the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture, a deflection of at least part of the larger fuel particles in the direction of the installed flame stabilizers ("teeth") takes place.
  • the largest portion of the larger or larger fuel particles is directed against the flame stabilizers and decelerated there first before the particles get back into the flow between two adjacent flame stabilizers or radially around the flame stabilizers around.
  • the larger fuel particles are only accelerated again by the flow have to. This measure prevents the larger particles from leaving the burner outlet at high speed in the direction of the combustion chamber and igniting it late in the combustion chamber.
  • a reduced particle velocity is achieved according to the invention, whereby the large fuel particles in the vicinity of the burner outlet and the burner degas and ignite.
  • the smaller fuel particles can follow the carrier gas through the deflection and are braked to a lesser extent by the flame stabilizers. Due to their small or smaller particle size, these particles also support the early burner-near ignition.
  • the baffles further support early ignition for increased turbulence generation by diverting a higher flow rate to the flame stabilizers.
  • the burner according to the invention with the properties proposed here is in particular designed to effectively burn particulate fuels which, in contrast to the generally used prior art, also contain considerably larger particles.
  • Significantly larger means that the physical particle dimensions (length, width, depth) are larger than, for example, typical coal dust burners.
  • fuels are understood here all convertible into a particulate state fuels.
  • this includes all residual and waste materials that can be converted into a particulate state.
  • the fuels do not necessarily have to be in completely solid state, but they must be able to be conveyed pneumatically.
  • the particles can be present in a wide variety of forms, such as, for example, chips, dust, wood shavings, breakage material, wood chips, etc. It would also be possible to use animal meal as fuel. Because meat and bone meal is high in fat, it is not strictly a solid fuel. However, animal meal is suitable as long as it is pneumatically conveyable.
  • the proposed measures not only allow the design of new optimized burners, but are also particularly suitable to improve existing burner with little effort.
  • a significant further advantage, in addition to the advantages mentioned, is that the burner can also be operated with conventional fuel. That is, the measures proposed by the present invention combine the advantages of burning "coarse” particles and also allow the combustion of "normal” particles. This is advantageous if the fuel band is to be expanded with the same burner, for example with biomasses etc., and nevertheless the known fuels should continue to be used.
  • the respective deflecting body is designed such that it deflects the flow of the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture on both sides of the deflecting body away from the axis of the free flow path to the flame stabilizers, in particular to the two flame stabilizers, the respective limit free flow path. Therefore, the deflecting body has a shape that widens along the longitudinal axis of the Anström Scheme beginning, with the maximum Width of the deflecting in the central region, located in the rear region or at the Anström Scheme opposite end of the deflecting body.
  • the respective deflecting body has at least two deflecting surfaces. These are connected to one another either by a vertex, namely in a rounded (part-circular or elliptical) inflow region, or by an edge (in the case of an angular inflow region, that is to say in the presence of an inflow edge). In the presence of a leading edge, the deflection surfaces are at an angle of preferably 10 ° to 60 ° to each other.
  • the deflecting body is arranged in the primary pipe gap, that the Anström Suite, i. the rounded inflow region or the inflow edge, which connects the at least two deflection surfaces, is oriented counter to the flow direction of the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture.
  • the angle between the at least two deflection surfaces is 10 ° to 45 °, more preferably 10 ° to 40 ° and even more preferably 10 ° to 30 °.
  • the angle depends, among other things, on the distance of the deflecting body to the flame stabilizers and the width of the flow path between two adjacent flame stabilizers, and is selected accordingly so that under operating conditions, the incident on the deflecting fuel particles are directed to the flame stabilizers.
  • the deflecting bodies can have any shape which is suitable for deflecting at least some of the larger fuel particles so that they strike the side of the flame stabilizer adjacent to the "blocked" flow path, which side faces away from the outlet.
  • the person skilled in the art will recognize that in the embodiment of the deflecting body, in particular, the area which opposes the direction of flow, that is to say that which is opposite to the direction of flow, arrives. the flown area.
  • the outline of the inflow region of the deflecting body (ie, the region opposite to the flow direction of the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture) has a triangular shape, wherein the angle of the apex of the triangular shape, which is opposite to the flow direction, is preferably 10 ° to 60 ° , preferably 10 ° to 45 °, more preferably 10 ° to 40 ° and even more preferably 10 ° to 30 °.
  • suitable and preferred two-dimensional shapes of the plan view of the respective deflecting body are equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, rhombus, rhombus, kite quadrangle, arrow quadrangle, ellipse, circle and floor plans with a combination of a triangular, rounded, part-circular or elliptical (front) Anström Society and a each designed differently angular, rounded, part-circular or elliptical away from the flow (rear) area.
  • the inflow region may also deviate from the triangular shape, namely the two deflection surfaces or flanks of the deflection body may be concave.
  • At least the sides or surfaces of the deflecting body facing the particle-laden flow are provided with a more wear-resistant surface. This can be done in different ways State of the art are performed, such as by build-up welding, coating, covering with wear-resistant material such as ceramic, etc.
  • the three-dimensional geometric shape of the respective deflection body is selected from the group consisting of wedge, tetrahedron, polyhedron, combination of wedge and tetrahedron or polyhedron, cylinder (circular cylinder), elliptical cylinder; Hemisphere, spherical segment.
  • the wedge is selected as a deflecting body as a geometric shape, then it is arranged with one of its triangular surfaces on the wall of the primary tube gap, the tip of the wedge opposing the direction of flow, i. represents the leading edge, and the two lateral surfaces (corresponding to the legs of the acute-angled triangle) represent the two deflection surfaces. If the tetrahedron is chosen as a deflection, then the tip of the tetrahedron points in the opposite direction of flow.
  • the wedge is disposed with one of its triangular faces on the wall of the primary tube gap, with the tip of the wedge facing the direction of flow, and on the other triangular face of the wedge is a suitably sized tetrahedron, i. the other triangular surface of the wedge and one of the triangular surfaces of the tetrahedron are congruent, so that the tetrahedron protrudes into the interior of the primary tube gap.
  • tetrahedral form but also corresponding polyhedra or rounded geometries can be used in combination with the wedge.
  • the person skilled in the art understands that, in particular in the case of the combination of geometric shapes mentioned here for the description of the complete deflecting body, it does not necessarily have to be separate constructional elements, but the deflecting body can also be designed in one piece.
  • the inflow region of the deflecting body is rounded.
  • a geometric shape of the deflecting such as cylinders (circular cylinder), elliptical cylinder; Hemisphere, spherical segment, so represents the one line of the deflecting, the farthest to the exit region of the burner is the apex line, which is the upstream of the two deflection surfaces of the deflecting body defined, or connects these two deflection surfaces together. It is understood that when using the elliptical cylinder, this is aligned with its longitudinal axis parallel to the flow direction. If a cylindrical shape is chosen as the base as the geometric shape of the deflecting body, then the free elliptical or circular planar surface (which projects into the interior of the primary tube gap) can be provided with a rounded geometry.
  • the diverting body can also consist only of two deflecting surfaces arranged at an acute angle to one another and optionally a side wall which faces the interior of the primary tube gap, i. the deflection body itself is hollow and possibly also has no back wall, i. is open on the side facing away from the flow.
  • the maximum width of the respective deflecting body i. the extent along the axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the primary tube, greater than the distance or equal to the distance of the two adjacent flame stabilizers, which limit the corresponding flow path.
  • the maximum width of the respective deflection body is greater than the width or equal to the width of the respective flow path.
  • the maximum width of the respective deflecting body is smaller than the distance of the two adjacent flame stabilizers, which limit the corresponding flow path. The width of the deflecting hangs u.a. from the distance of the deflecting body to the flame stabilizers and the width of the flow path between two adjacent flame stabilizers.
  • the longitudinal axis of the deflecting body according to the invention runs parallel to the flow direction, i. parallel to the longitudinal axis of the primary pipe or of the primary pipe gap.
  • the height of the respective deflecting body ie the radial extent into the primary tube gap, is less than or equal to the height, ie the radial extent of the flame stabilizers.
  • the deflecting bodies are arranged upstream of the flame stabilizers at a distance therefrom.
  • the baffles are located upstream of the flame stabilizers, with the longitudinal extent of the baffles extending to the flame stabilizers, i. the outlet-side, flow-remote end of the deflecting body is in contact with the flame stabilizers.
  • the core tube cross-section in the direction of the combustion chamber decreases continuously or stepwise at the burner outlet, whereby the cross-section of the primary tube gap increases accordingly.
  • This reduction of the core tube cross-section is preferably achieved in that the core tube recedes relative to the primary tube and an inner core tube with a smaller diameter at the outlet end of the core tube is arranged, wherein the inner core tube protrudes toward the combustion chamber from the core tube.
  • the exit-side end of the core tube or, if present, of the inner core tube recedes relative to the corresponding end of the primary tube or is arranged shortened or sunk relative to this.
  • the shortening of the core air tube increases the distance to the flame stabilizers when they are arranged on the primary tube.
  • the flow rate of the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture is slowed down.
  • the "entrainment speed" of the gas for the coarse particles is significantly reduced. This prevents the coarse particles from leaving the burner outlet at full speed in the direction of the combustion chamber and only late in the combustion chamber, i. Ignite at a great distance to the burner outlet. Due to the reduced particle and gas velocity, the coarse particles can also degas and ignite near the burner.
  • the primary tube or the primary tube gap has no swirl body.
  • the attachment of swirlers in the primary tube gap, which leads the fuel particle / Traggas mixture would be similar to the action of an axial cyclone, wherein the fuel particles accumulate predominantly in the region of the outer circumference and deplete in the remaining cross-section.
  • the twisting device sets a rotating flow. An effect is, as described, that the particles move outward and accumulate there. As a result, the particles also have a movement that rotates in the primary gap. While it is possible to use the diverters, proper positioning and alignment is difficult. For this reason, an untwisted fuel particle flow moving only axially through the primary gap is preferred. Therefore, no swirl bodies are arranged in the primary tube gap. Consequently, in the burner according to the invention, the fuel particles are evenly distributed in the primary tube gap.
  • swirling bodies can be arranged in the first and / or second or possibly further secondary pipe (s).
  • the attachment of swirlers in the secondary pipe, the combustion air (secondary air) leads, has the consequence that the secondary air flow is imparted a twist, which widens the flame.
  • the impingement of the swirl on the secondary air flow can by swirling bodies, such as in the form of vanes or baffles, carried out, which may be inclined by 20 ° to 30 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of the secondary tube.
  • the fuel flame stabilizers (teeth) are mounted, which can generate a high turbulence.
  • These flame stabilizers serve the stable ignition of the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture.
  • the flame stabilizers serve to slow the fuel particles and create turbulence to accelerate the release of volatiles and to stabilize the ignition close to the exit of the burners.
  • the flame stabilizers are mounted at the outlet of the primary pipe gap and protrude into the cross section of the primary pipe gap.
  • the shape of the flame stabilizers is not limited.
  • the flame stabilizers may have a rounded, rectangular or square shape.
  • the different tooth shapes serve in principle the same purpose, namely by generating local turbulence to favor the ignition (flame holder).
  • the flame stabilizers are provided with a support rib or stiffening rib on the side facing away from the firebox.
  • This rib fulfills two main tasks, namely i) the stiffening of the flame stabilizer from a constructive point of view, and ii) the removal or dissipation of heat.
  • the flame stabilizer is exposed to large thermal radiation from the furnace. Although cooling takes place by the continuous flow of fuel particles / carrier gas mixture. Nevertheless, the rib provides better heat dissipation. This is particularly important when the burner is out of operation, so no cooling by the fuel / carrier gas mixture takes place. In the case where the burner is out of operation, then usually abandoned amounts of cooling air are comparatively small, so that the improved heat dissipation through the rib is required.
  • the flame stabilizers may be disposed along one or both of the two concentric edges of the primary tube gap formed of core tube and primary tube. It is particularly preferred that the flame stabilizers along the edge of the primary tube, i. the outer boundary of the primary pipe gap can be arranged.
  • the area obstructed by the flame stabilizers in relation to the free area of the primary pipe gap is largely determined by the fuel properties and the previous mill drying. For ignitable fuels less obstruction is possible. For ignitant fuels a larger obstruction is necessary.
  • the obstruction of the free cross-section of the primary tube gap is from 10% to 80%, preferably from 20% to 70% and more preferably from 50% to 65%, based on the free cross-section of the primary tube gap upstream of any tapering of the core tube. ie without taking into account the enlargement of the primary pipe gap by a possible taper of the core tube.
  • air a carrier gas
  • Combustion air containing less oxygen than air, or else a gas that is completely oxygen-free, can be used as the carrier gas, as long as the oxygen necessary for the combustion is otherwise provided.
  • the core tube can be traversed by an oxygen-containing gas or an oxygen-free gas, which may be useful in particular for cooling the core tube.
  • a burner lance for providing a support or pilot flame are additionally arranged in the core tube.
  • the invention further provides a furnace including one or more burners of the invention described above.
  • the invention provides a method for the combustion of particulate fuels, in particular from biomass, wherein preferably 1 to 15%, particularly preferably up to 10%, of the particles are greater than 1 mm, by means of the inventive burner described above and / or in the furnace containing the burners according to the invention, wherein the particulate fuels are conducted in a carrier gas through the primary tube gap of the burner, and at least a portion of the fuel particles are deflected from upstream of the flame stabilizer arranged deflecting bodies in the direction of the flame stabilizers are braked by the flame stabilizers, then back into the flow between two adjacent flame stabilizers or radially around the flame stabilizers around and are burned after leaving the burner.
  • the use of the deflecting bodies in the primary tube gap leading the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture leads to the deflection of at least part of the larger fuel particles in the direction of the installed flame stabilizers.
  • the largest portion of the larger or larger fuel particles is directed against the flame stabilizers and there first braked before the particles get back into the flow between two adjacent flame stabilizers or radially around the flame stabilizers around.
  • This deceleration results that the larger fuel particles must first be accelerated by the flow again. This procedure prevents the larger particles from leaving the burner outlet at high speed in the direction of the combustion chamber and igniting it late in the combustion chamber.
  • a reduced particle velocity is achieved according to the invention, whereby the large fuel particles in the vicinity of the burner outlet and the burner degas and ignite.
  • the smaller fuel particles can partially follow the carrier gas through the deflection and are braked to a lesser extent by the flame stabilizers. Support by their small or smaller particle size also these particles the early burner near ignition.
  • the baffles further support early ignition for increased turbulence generation by diverting a higher flow rate to the flame stabilizers.
  • fuels which consist wholly or partly of biomass, wherein 1 to 15%, preferably 1 to 10% of the particles are greater than 1 mm, wherein preferably the average particle size is 1 mm.
  • Another preferred method uses fuels containing at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%. and most preferably 100% biomass.
  • biomass pellets or wood pellets are again de-agglomerated and optionally further ground, grinding dust, wood shavings etc. are used as fuel.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a burner for particulate fuel, which is particularly suitable for the combustion of fuels from biomass, in longitudinal section.
  • the burner is arranged in the combustion chamber wall 2 and opens into the combustion chamber 1.
  • the burner has a core tube 5 and a primary tube 4 concentrically surrounding the core tube 5.
  • the core tube 5 is traversed by core air 10.
  • the primary tube 4 and the core tube 5 form a primary tube gap, through which the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture 9 is guided.
  • the primary pipe 4 is surrounded concentrically by a secondary pipe 3.
  • the secondary pipe 3 and the primary pipe 4 form a secondary pipe gap, which is traversed by air (secondary air 8).
  • a secondary pipe cone 7 is arranged at the outlet end of the primary pipe 4.
  • the secondary air 8 which flows through the primary pipe gap, is divided by the secondary pipe cone 7 into two partial streams 11, 12 and deflected outward by the conical expansion of the secondary pipe cone 7 and the primary pipe 4 at the outlet end and moves away in the radial direction from the flame kernel of the primary combustion zone.
  • a secondary air separation layer is generated downstream of the exit of the primary pipe 4 between primary combustion and secondary air flow. This recirculation area is used for NOx reduction.
  • the end of the core tube 5 is shortened relative to the end of the primary tube 4. Furthermore, an inner core tube 6 is arranged at the outlet end of the core tube 5, wherein the inner core tube 6 protrudes toward the combustion chamber from the core tube 5.
  • the inner core tube 6 has a smaller cross section than the core tube 5. As a result, the core tube cross section in the direction of the combustion chamber, and the cross section of the primary tube gap, decreases at the burner outlet increases accordingly.
  • the end of the inner core tube 6 is shortened relative to the end of the primary tube 4. As a result of these measures, the flow velocity of the fuel particle / carrier gas flow 9 decreases.
  • the core tube 5 as well as the inner core tube 6 are flowed through by core air 10.
  • a plurality of flame stabilizers 13 is arranged, wherein in the embodiment shown, the flame stabilizers 13 are arranged on the primary tube 4 and protrude radially inwardly into the cross section of the primary tube gap.
  • the flame stabilizers could also be arranged on the core tube 5 and then protrude radially outwards into the cross section of the primary tube gap.
  • Another alternative would be an arrangement of the flame stabilizers 13 on the primary tube 4 and the core tube.
  • the flame stabilizers 13 define free flow paths whose axes extend between each two adjacent flame stabilizers 13 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the primary tube.
  • a plurality of deflecting bodies 15 are arranged within the primary tube gap, in the shown embodiment on the inner wall of the primary tube 4, upstream of the flame stabilizers 13 such that in each case a deflecting body 15 intersects or lies on the axis of a free flow path and along this Axis is aligned.
  • a deflecting body 15 intersects the axis of each free flow path means that the deflecting bodies 15 are arranged offset relative to the flame stabilizers 13 and when viewed in the direction of the firebox each deflecting body 15 a free flow path or a gap or gap between each two adjacent flame stabilizers 13 at least partially hidden.
  • This staggered arrangement of diverter body 15 and flame stabilizer is in the Figures 3 and 4 shown.
  • the deflecting body 15 By means of the deflecting body 15, a deflection of at least part of the larger fuel particles in the direction of the installed flame stabilizers 13 is achieved.
  • the largest proportion of the larger or larger fuel particles is directed against the flame stabilizers 13, there braked first before the Particles get back into the flow between two adjacent flame stabilizers 13 or radially around the flame stabilizers around.
  • the larger fuel particles must first be accelerated by the flow again. This measure prevents the larger particles from leaving the burner outlet at high speed in the direction of the combustion chamber 1 and igniting it late in the combustion chamber. Instead, a reduced particle velocity is achieved according to the invention, whereby the large fuel particles in the vicinity of the burner outlet and the burner degas and ignite.
  • the flame stabilizers 13 have a stiffening rib 14, which serve to stabilize the flame stabilizer 13 and heat dissipation.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a burner according to the present invention in longitudinal section.
  • the FIG. 2 embodiment shown differs from FIG. 1 by the extensive or complete separation of the secondary air stream 11, 12, by instead of the attachment of a relatively short secondary pipe cone concentrically around the outlet-side end portion of the primary pipe, a complete first secondary pipe 7, which concentrically surrounds the primary pipe 4, is disposed within a second secondary pipe 3 ,
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of the development of the annular flame holder with an array of flame stabilizers and deflectors.
  • a multiplicity of flame stabilizers 13 are arranged, which protrude radially inwards into the cross section of the primary tube gap (in this case protrude out of the image plane in the direction of the observer).
  • the flame stabilizers 13 have a stiffening rib 14 on the side of the flame stabilizer facing away from the outlet.
  • the flame stabilizers 13 define free flow paths whose axes extend between each two adjacent flame stabilizers 13 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the primary tube. From the FIG.
  • the deflection bodies 15 are arranged offset to the latter upstream of the flame stabilizers 13, ie a deflecting body 15 lies on the axis of a free flow path.
  • a deflecting body 15 when viewed in the flow direction by a deflecting body 15, a free flow path or a gap or gap between each two adjacent flame stabilizers 13, at least partially obscured.
  • the deflecting elements 15 advantageously have a triangular shape in plan view, at least in the area of the deflecting body that flows towards it.
  • FIG. 3 One of the simplest floor plans for the deflecting body 15 is shown, namely an isosceles triangle, which corresponds three-dimensionally, for example, to a wedge or a tetrahedron.
  • the deflection body 15 has at least two deflection surfaces - shown here by the two long legs of the equilateral triangle.
  • the stream 9 of the fuel particle / carrier gas mixture impinges on the acute angle, or on the leading edge of the deflecting body 15 and the fuel particles are deflected by the deflecting surfaces of the deflecting body 15 in the direction of the flame stabilizers 13 which are closest to the deflecting body.
  • the larger or the larger fuel particles are directed against the flame stabilizers 13 and braked there. Thereafter, the fuel particles return to the flow either a free flow path between two adjacent flame stabilizers 13 or radially around the flame stabilizers around (here in the direction of the viewer).
  • FIG. 3 an embodiment is shown in which the width of the deflecting body 15 is smaller than that of the free flow path between two adjacent flame stabilizers.
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of the development of the annular flame holder with another arrangement of flame stabilizers and deflectors.
  • the embodiment shown differs from that in FIG. 3 shown by the width of the deflecting body 15 is greater than that of the free flow path between two adjacent flame stabilizers 13.
  • the extension of the flame stabilizers 13 and the deflecting body 15 overlaps in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the primary tube.
  • FIG. 5 shows different geometries of the deflector, such as wedge (top left), dragon quadrangle as a base with polyhedra as a roof structure (top right) and wedge as a base with tetrahedra as a roof structure.
  • the wedge or the kite quadrilateral is arranged on the wall while the polyhedron or the tetrahedron projects radially into the interior of the primary tube gap.
  • the pointed end of the wedge or the kite quadrilateral points opposite to the flow direction of the fuel particle stream.
  • the small illustration on the far left shows the corresponding floor plans of the three-dimensional representation of the deflection bodies.
  • FIG. 6 shows various rounded geometries of the deflecting body, such as circular cylinder or elliptical cylinder.
  • one of the circular surfaces or elliptical surfaces is arranged on the wall of the primary tube gap while the respective other circular surface or elliptical surface protrudes into the interior of the primary tube gap.
  • This free circular area or elliptical area can be covered by a further geometric shape, such as by a hemisphere or a spherical segment in the circular cylinder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP16178687.6A 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Brûleur et procédé d'optimisation de la combustion de combustibles particulaires gros, en particulier de la biomasse Active EP3267104B1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111237751A (zh) * 2020-02-18 2020-06-05 上海电力大学 一种用于降低氮氧化物排放的浓淡分离器
CN111237750A (zh) * 2020-02-12 2020-06-05 上海电力大学 一种浓淡燃烧器

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0343767A1 (fr) * 1988-03-04 1989-11-29 Northern Engineering Industries Plc Brûleur à combustible pulvérisé
DE4325643A1 (de) 1993-07-30 1995-02-02 Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Brenner zum Verbrennen von staubförmigem Brennstoff
EP2796785A2 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-29 RJM Corporation (EC) Limited Buse pour brûleur de centrale électrique et procédé pour son utilisation

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IN187412B (fr) * 1992-09-02 2002-04-20 Northern Eng Ind
GB9402553D0 (en) * 1994-02-10 1994-04-13 Rolls Royce Power Eng Burner for the combustion of fuel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0343767A1 (fr) * 1988-03-04 1989-11-29 Northern Engineering Industries Plc Brûleur à combustible pulvérisé
DE4325643A1 (de) 1993-07-30 1995-02-02 Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Brenner zum Verbrennen von staubförmigem Brennstoff
EP2796785A2 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-29 RJM Corporation (EC) Limited Buse pour brûleur de centrale électrique et procédé pour son utilisation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111237750A (zh) * 2020-02-12 2020-06-05 上海电力大学 一种浓淡燃烧器
CN111237751A (zh) * 2020-02-18 2020-06-05 上海电力大学 一种用于降低氮氧化物排放的浓淡分离器

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