Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
  • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
  • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
  • B29C33/34—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor movable, e.g. to or from the moulding station

Definitions

• the invention relates to a system for producing composite fiber components with the features of claim 1.
• the invention additionally relates to a fiber-laying machine for incorporation into a system according to the invention.
• the invention also relates to a method for laying a fiber bale on a workpiece by means of a fiber laying machine of the system.
• the fiber spreading machine has a three-axis table, which is rotatable relative to a fiber laying head about a vertical axis of rotation and linearly movable in two directions.
• a vacuum table is arranged, which serves as a smooth tool surface.
• the fiber laying head is fixedly mounted on a machine frame above the vacuum table and has guide rails for a sliver, which are displaceable in a vertical direction by means of a linear actuator to deliver the sliver to the tool surface.
• At least one first fiber laying machine for applying fiber layers to a workpiece
• a system according to the invention can have a plurality of different types of fiberglass machines in order to optimize the process of workpiece production.
• the system comprises a second fiber spreading machine which is spatially separated from the first fiber forming machine and connected to the first fiber spreading machine by means of the automated conveying device.
• the at least two fiber spreading machines are identical.
• the fiber-forming machines are provided as parallel processing stations which perform the same processing steps on simultaneously machined workpieces. This can increase the throughput and adapt to a possibly higher throughput of other processing stations. In principle, however, it is conceivable that the fiber spreading machines perform different processing steps.
• the fiber laying machines as sequential processing stations successively perform different processing steps a workpiece.
• the production of the workpiece can be further optimized and, in particular, other processing steps can be undertaken between the operations in the fiber spreading machines.
• the system comprises at least one buffer station for receiving, storing and transferring a plurality of workpieces. This allows significantly improved logistics in high-volume automated manufacturing
• the workpieces remain in the buffer stations each on their pallets.
• the further processing station comprises at least one selected from the group forming device, in particular pressing device, temperature chamber and / or Lackiervor- direction.
• a processing station is particularly advantageous for the production of Serien.te.ilen for automobiles or aircraft in automated.! * Mold combined with the fiber lapping machine.
• the automated conveyor preferably includes a loading device, by means of which loading and unloading of the fiber application machine from only one side is possible. This allows the retraction and extension of the workpiece in the Faserlegeniaschine in the manner of a dead end. Generally, by means of the loading device it is also possible to change a machined workpiece with an unprocessed workpiece.
• the loading device is designed as a rotary change device which comprises a rotatable holder for receiving at least two workpieces.
• the invention generally relates to a fiber laying machine, which is combined with a charging device described above, by means of a loading and unloading of the fiber bending plant of. only one side is possible. It is understood that such a fiber applicator may further comprise any of the other features of fiber cloths described herein.
• a laying head of the fiber spreading machine is movable in a vertical plane, wherein an angle between the plane and a loading path of the fiber lay-up machine is between 0 ° and 30 °.
• an angle between the plane and a loading path of the fiber lay-up machine is between 0 ° and 30 °.
• the loading path and the plane are angled at 0 °, ie arranged in parallel or on a line.
• the laying head can only move in the vertical plane.
• a laying head of the fiber laying machine is movable in a vertical plane, wherein a fiber bobbin storage of the fiber laying machine comprises a plurality of fiber bobbins with mutually parallel bobbin axes, wherein an angle between the bobbin axes and the vertical plane is between 60 ° and 90 °.
• the angle is about 90 °, in this way, the loading path, the laying head and the Fasererspuleiilager can be arranged approximately in a line one behind the other.
• at least two fiber coil bearings are provided, which are each assigned to a group of fiber strands and which are positioned side by side.
• the invention generally relates to a system for producing composite fiber components, comprising at least a first fiber laying machine for applying fiber layers to a workpiece; and
• the conveyor device comprises a loading device, by means of which loading and unloading of the fiber-laying system is made possible from only one side.
• the loading device is designed in a preferred embodiment of the detail as a rotary change device, which comprises a rotatable holder for receiving at least two workpieces includes.
• the fiber spreading machine may be a fiber spreading machine as described herein.
• At least one fiber laying machine of the system according to the invention is preferably designed as a fiber-laying machine having the features of claim 11.
• each pad may be a flat surface, for example in the form of a later removable film or a lubricious surface of a backing from which the fiber fabric is later peeled off.
• a partially finished fiber fabric or other precursor of a product to be coated with fibers constitutes a workpiece in the sense of the invention.
• the substrate may be a preformed mold in which a defined shape of a later underside of the fiber fabric is trained.
• the individual fiber strands are generally precoated already when they are present in the fiber supply unit with a binder which is also referred to as "matrix" in the area of the fiber composite components
• a heating device for example in the form of a heat radiator, can be provided on the laying head, in particular Therefore, the fiberglass machine embodiment of the present invention can particularly optimize fiber transport for coated fibers, and such binders are also referred to in the art as a matrix.
• a releasable clamping device is understood to be any device which, in a clamped state, can exert sufficient holding forces on the fiber strands in order to reliably remove them from the fiber-ready element against their resistance that is subject to friction. to pull the ventilation unit
• a fiber supply unit is understood to mean any storage area for dispensing the fiber strands.
• the respective fiber strands can be wound on exchangeable spools.
• the fiber delivery unit also includes deflections of the fiber strands, by means of which a supply to the movable laying head takes place. A positioning of the exchangeable coils or a coil bearing relative to the laying head is thereby largely freely selectable.
• the coils can be seated on axes of rotation driven counter to an unwinding direction, the drives of the axes of rotation having a torque limitation.
• the torque limitation can be done for example by a friction clutch or by a torque-dependent control of an electric drive. In this way, the respective fiber strand came when needed, especially during unwinding, be kept in a defined bias.
• the fiber delivery unit may include one or more dancer magazines to maintain and uniform transport of the fiber strands under a defined tension.
• the workpiece is pivotably received about an axis in the fiber laying machine, so that the direction of the fibers relative to the fiber is increased.
• Workpiece is adjustable adjustable.
• a holder of the workpiece may also have other movements, for example in a plane parallel to the laying direction.
• the fiber delivery unit is arranged stationary. This allows a large supply of fiber strands with good maintenance access.
• the laying head can only be moved in exactly one plane relative to the fiber supply unit. Such a limitation of the movement of the Laying head in a plane can be realized with relatively simple means for guiding the fiber strands between the laying head and the fiber-providing unit.
• Laying the section of fiber web is solved. In doing so, we move a length of the fiber web, which has been advanced by the laying stroke and is located in a storage area between the fiber supply unit and the laying head. The laying head moves predominantly in the opposite direction of the movement, by means of the advancing the fiber web is done.
• the clamping device comprises at least one, more preferably two cooperating pinch rollers.
• the use of pinch rolls reduces the build-up of binder and / or fiber abrasion and readily enables the establishment of a breakaway torque to protect the equipment in the event of a malfunction.
• the pinch rollers can be equipped with a freewheel, contrary to the pregiven tichichg.
• the clamping rollers can, for example, still be pressed against each other when a conveyor member arranged downwards of the clamping rollers further prefers the fiber strands for laying.
• the pinch rollers are released only shortly after the start of such further preferred to equalize the fiber guide as a whole.
• a generally advantageously designed laying head comprises two feeders running at an angle to one another, wherein a first group of fiber strands is guided by means of a first of the feeders and a second group of fiber strands is brought into an intersection area by means of the second feed unit to feed the two groups of fiber strands to the fiber web unite.
• the groups of fiber strands can be offset perpendicular to the laying direction by a fiber strand width, and the combined groups of fiber strands can be homogenized, for example by means of a compaction roll and applied to the workpiece.
• Such a laying head with two guides is formed with respect to the orientation of the guides, preferably substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a median plane.
• the fibers can be severed by means of a closing element arranged on the laying head, wherein the closing device comprises a plurality of separately controllable cutting members which can separate different parts of the fibers transversely to the laying direction.
• the closing device comprises a plurality of separately controllable cutting members which can separate different parts of the fibers transversely to the laying direction.
• the cutting device has an actuator member for actuating at least one of the cutting members, wherein the
• Actuator member is formed separately from the cutting member.
• the actuator member is arranged on a detachable for maintenance upper part of the laying head.
• Such an upper part may, for example, be formed such that it can be swiveled open relative to a lower part, so that the cutting members subject to wear and optionally further mechanical elements of the laying head are easily accessible in the lower part.
• a respective upper part is arranged above each of the guides. The fiber strands can in particular run between the upper part and the lower part in the laying head.
• At least one prefeeding roller for driven advancement is advantageously provided on the laying head, wherein the prefeed roller is arranged between the clamping device and an outlet-side compacting roller of the laying head.
• the driven feed of the fiber strands serves a particularly uniform application of the fiber web.
• the prefeed roller serves to feed a cut in the laying head end of the fiber web to the workpiece to start laying a new fiber web.
• the fiber spreading machine is completely constructed on a machine frame. This allows, where appropriate, a simple transfer or replacement of the entire fiber laying machine in a production plant, without the machine must be disassembled in individual parts. Such a construction also favors the integration of the fiber spreading machine in an automated production plant. In accordance with the invention, this is to be understood as meaning that at least one region of the fiber-forming machine surrounding the workpiece is provided within the housing with controlled air-conditioning. Especially during and immediately after laying fibrous webs, such air conditioning is important for a good result. Air conditioning in the sense of the invention also includes a mere tempering without influencing a humidity.
• the workpiece is preferably arranged on an automatically transportable pallet.
• a pallet is to be understood as meaning any replaceable carrier for the workpiece.
• a workpiece-bearing surface of the pallet to. an angle of less than 30 degrees with respect to a vertical inclined.
• this includes a vertical orientation of the surface.
• the laying direction extends in a plane which is inclined at less than 30 degrees relative to the vertical.
• the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for laying a fiber web on a workpiece, comprising the steps; a. Clamping the fibers to be laid in a clamping device of a laying head:
• the fibers are pulled out in the course of a first, continuous movement of the laying head, in which there is no contact with the workpiece. Subsequently, the laying head is placed on the workpiece, so that by means of a returning movement, the preferred fibers are deposited on the workpiece.
• the method is particularly preferably carried out by means of a fiber laying machine described herein.
• each of the specific features of a described Faserlegemasch ine is suitable as a single feature to improve a method according to the invention.
• the fibers after step e. trol le by means of a driven Vorvor moved relative to the laying head, wherein the fibers are not pulled out in particular by means of the prefeed from the fiber supply unit.
• This can be achieved in a simple manner, an initial feed to start the laying process.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention for the production of fiber composite components according to a first exemplary embodiment with a plurality of fiber laying machines arranged parallel to one another for the production of fiber layers,
• Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a fiber laying machine according to the invention, in particular as part of that shown in Fig. 1. System.
• FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fiber bender of FIG. 2, FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective sectional view through the Faserlegeniaschi- ne of FIG. 3 along the section line 1V-IV,
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention for producing composite fiber components according to a second embodiment with fiber laying machines arranged in series to produce fiber layers
• Fig. 6 shows a further Ausm 'hrungsforra the invention in which a one-sided
• Charging device is provided for a fiber spreading machine
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a laying head according to the invention
• Fig. 8 shows the laying head of Fig. 7 a of an opened for maintenance purposes
• Fig. 9 shows the laying head of Fig. 8 from a different perspective
• FIG. 10 is a sectional view through the laying head of Fig. 7 along the
• FIG. 6 shows a first modification of the embodiment of FIG. 6,
• a system for the production of fiber composite components L also referred to as a chafing machine, has several fiber spreading machines 2 for the production of fiber layers 3.
• the fiber laying machines 2 are identical.
• the Fasei iegestrom 1 for example, six identical fiber laying machines 2, which are arranged in two groups. Each group has three fiber spreading machines 2, which are arranged parallel to each other.
• the fiber laying plant 1 a conveyor 4. 5 on.
• the conveyor has, for example, a plurality of conveyor carriages 4. which are movable on a guide 5.
• the guide 5 has a loading section 6, which extends from a Aufheahmestdie 7 to a respective loading side 8 of the fiber laying machine 2.
• the guide 5 further has a discharge section 9, which extends from a respective unloading side 10 of the fiber laying machine 2 to a .Ablegestelle 1 1.
• the workpieces 12 are arranged on pallets 14.
• the fiber laying machines 2 are identical, so that «only one of the fiber laying machines 2 is described below.
• the fiber laying machine 2 has a machine frame 15 with a machine bed 16 and arranged thereon cross members 17, 18.
• the machine bed 1 6 extends substantially in a horizontal x-direction and a perpendicular thereto horizontal y-direction.
• the cross members 17, 18 extend parallel to the y-direction and are spaced apart on the machine bed 16 in the x-direction.
• the cross members 17, 18 are each at both ends by means of longitudinal supports 19 in a z-direction above the machine bed 16 arranged.
• the z-direction is perpendicular to the x and y directions, so that the x, y, and z directions form a Cartesian coordinate system.
• two X-guide rails 20 are arranged, which extend in the x-direction and beabstaiidet in the y-direction to each other.
• an x-Sehlitten 2 1 is mounted, which is movable by means of an x-drive motor 22 along the x-direction between the loading side 8 and the discharge cables 10.
• the X guide rails 20 extend in the x direction along the
• a tool table 23 On the x-carriage 2 1 a tool table 23 is arranged, which is pivotable about a vertical pivot axis 25 by means of a c-drive motor 24.
• the vertical pivot axis 25 is also referred to as c-axis.
• the c-axis 2 is parallel to the z-direction,
• the tool table 23 is linearly movable by means of the X-carriage 2 1 exclusively in the x-direction.
• the tool table 23 serves to position the respective workpiece 12 relative to a fiber laying head 26 (hereinafter called laying head).
• laying head For mechanical clamping and releasing of the pallets 14 with the respective workpiece 12, the tool table 23 has a plurality of clamping units 27.
• the clamping units 27 are shown schematically in Fig. 3.
• the clamping units 27 are basically known and designed, for example, as a zero-point clamp 15.
• the clamping units 27 are electromechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated.
• the laying head 26 can be positioned in the z-direction above the tool table 23.
• the laying head 26 is movable along the y-direction and along the z-direction.
• a y-carriage 28 is mounted on the crossmembers 17, 18, which can be moved linearly along the y-direction by means of a y-drive motor 29.
• the y-Sc Ii suffered 28 is mounted on y-guide rails 30, which are arranged on an upper side of the cross member 17, 18.
• the y-carriage 28 extends between the cross beams. 17, 18.
• a z-slide 3 1 is arranged on the y-carriage 28.
• the z-Sehiitten 3 1 is mounted on Z guide rails 32 and z by means of drive motors 33 along the z- Direction movable.
• the z-guide rails 32 are parallel to the z-direction and are spaced apart in the x-direction.
• the laying head 26 is placed on the z-tube 3 1.
• the plug-in head 26 is replaceably mounted.
• the laying head 26 can be moved linearly only in the y direction. A pivoting of the laying head 26 on the z-carriage 3 1 is not possible.
• the laying head 26 may additionally or alternatively be pivotable about a Schwenkaeh.se extending parallel to the X direction, ie form an a-axis.
• the laying head 26 can be moved linearly along the z-direction by means of the z-slide 31 by at least 200 mm, in particular by at least 400 mm, and particularly preferably by at least 600 mm.
• a control unit 34 of the fiber laying machine 2 is designed so that the fiber bending head 26 during the laying of fibers 13 by means of the z-slide .31 over its stroke by at least 50 mm, in particular by at least 1 00 mm, and in particular by at least 1 50 mm linearly movable
• a first Paletten-handling unit 37 is arranged on the loading side 8
• a second pallet handling unit 38 is arranged.
• the handling units 37, 38 are attached to the machine bed 1 6 along the x-direction at the end.
• the pallet handling units 37, 38 are designed as lifting units, the. Lifting and lowering of pallets 14 serve.
• the pallet handling units 37, 38 have at least three, in particular at least four, lifting elements 39.
• the lifting elements 39 have a piston 40 which is displaceable in an associated cylinder 41 along the z-direction.
• the lifting elements 39 are electromechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically actuated.
• the lifting elements 39 belonging to the respective pallet handling unit 37, 38 are actuated synchronously by means of the control unit 34 in order to raise or lower a molding tool pallet 14.
• the fiber laying machine 2 has a fiber supply unit 42 for providing the chamfer 13 to be laid.
• the fiber supply unit 42 has two fiber coil bearings 43, 44, wherein a first fiber coil 43 is arranged in the x-direction next to the first cross member 1 7 and a second Faserspuleniager 44 adjacent to the second cross member 18.
• the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 are attached to the machine bed 16 at the end in the y direction.
• the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 each have a plurality of fiber coil holders 45 for fiber coils 46.
• the fiber coils 46 are disposed on a respective fiber coil holder 45 and rotatably supported about a respective horizontal rotation axis 47.
• the respective horizontal axis of rotation 47 runs parallel to the y-direction.
• the fibers. 13 each guided in the form of a fiber strand to the laying head 26.
• the individual fiber strands are combined to form a fiber web and homogenized before the fiber web is applied to the workpiece.
• the axes of rotation 47 of the fiber coil holders are equipped with a drive, so that the coils are seated on axes 47 driven counter to an unwinding direction, the drives of the axes 47 having a torque limitation.
• the torque limitation can be done for example by a friction clutch or by a torque-dependent control of an electric drive. In this way, the respective fiber strand as needed, in particular during Abspul ens, be kept in a defined bias.
• the fibers or fiber strands 13 can be supplied via guide elements 50 in the form of guide rollers to a respective dancer magazine 48. 49. that to Compensation of changes of a force acting on the fibers 1 3 tensile stress is used.
• the respective dancer magazine 48. 49 has deflecting elements 51 in the form of deflection rollers, which are displaceable along the z-directional path and bias the fibers 13 by means of weights.
• the deflecting elements 51 are also referred to as dancers.
• the displacement of the deflecting elements 51 dynamic effects are compensated, which are caused on the one hand by the inertia of the fiber spiles 46 and on the other hand by an uneven conveying of the fibers 1 3 in the case of cutting individual fibers 13 during the deposition of fibers 13 are conditional.
• the fibers 1 3 are deflected by guide elements 53 in the form of guide rollers and from the respective fiber coil bearings 43, 44 feasible.
• the position of the deflecting elements 51 is controlled during operation of the dancer magazines 48, 49.
• Serve for this purpose sensors 52 which determine the deflection in the z direction of the deflection 51.
• the deflection in the z-direction is regulated by a setpoint position in that the fiber-coil holders 45 are equipped with a controllable brake.
• the brake is preferably a torque-limited drive acting counter to the winding direction.
• the fibers 13 exit the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 in the x-direction and are deflected by vertically arranged deflection elements 54, which form a vertical deflection axis, in the y-direction.
• the deflection elements 54 are designed as deflection rollers.
• the deflection elements 54 are mounted on a support frame 55, which is fastened between the fiber coil bearings 43, 44.
• On a side facing away from the laying head 26 and the fiber bobbin 43. 44 side of the y-carriage 28 horizontal deflection elements 56 are arranged in the form of pulleys, the fibers 13 first from the y-direction in the z-direction and then from the z-direction turn back in the y direction.
• the deflection elements 56 form horizontal deflection axes. Between the y-carriage 28 and the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 3 further horizontal deflection elements 7 are arranged above the z-Schltttens.
• the deflection elements 57 form horizontal deflection axes and deflect the fibers 13 from the y direction in the z direction to the laying head 26.
• the deflecting elements 57 are designed as deflection rollers.
• the fiber laying machine 2 has a machine housing 58, which is shown only in Figs. 3 and 4.
• the machine housing 58 defines an interior 59, in which the longitudinal supports 1 with the cross members 17, 18, the y-slide 28 of the z-carriage 3 1 and the fiber laying head 26 are arranged.
• the machine housing 58 has the loading side 8 toward a first housing opening 60 and to
• the housing openings 60, 61 and the associated cover elements 62 are sketched in FIG. 3.
• the cover elements 62 are formed, for example, as doors or limbs.
• the fiber laying machine 2 has a conditioning unit 63, which is arranged on the machine bed 16. Overall, thereby a climatically closed housing 58 is formed in the context of the invention.
• two further Geliäuseöffhuiigen 64, 65 are formed in the machine housing 58, which open into the interior 59 between the respective adjacent longitudinal supports 19.
• the housing openings 64, 65 are closed by means of doors 66.
• the fiber laying machines 2 are automatically loaded by means of the conveyor 4. 5 with pallets 14, on which are arranged to be occupied workpieces 12.
• the at least one conveyor belt 4 passes from the receiving point 7 on the loading section 6 of the guide 5 to the respective loading side 8 of FIG
• the loading is done in such a way that the conveyor 4, 5, the pallet 14 of the first pallet handling unit 37 leads to.
• the first pallet guide unit 37 is preferably in a raised position. Unless the first pallet handling unit 37 is in a raised position, it is transferred to a raised position before or after loading.
• the loading of the respective fiber laying machine 2 takes place in parallel with the laying of fibers 13 and / or for unloading the tool table 23. While the first pallet handling unit 37 provides a workpiece 1 2 to be loaded on the loading side 8, a fiber layer 3 is produced by means of the laying head 26. For this purpose, a pallet 14 with a workpiece 12 arranged thereon is clamped on the tool table 23 by means of the clamping units 27.
• the tool table 23 is linearly moved along the x-direction during fiber laying by means of the X-slide 2 1 and pivoted about the pivot axis 25 to achieve a desired fiber orientation by means of the e-drive motor 24. Furthermore, the laying head 26 travels along the y-direction during fiber laying by means of the y-slide 28 and along the z-direction by means of the z-slide 3 1,
• the x-carriage 2 1 is moved in the x direction to the unloading side 10.
• the second pallet handling unit 38 in a lowered position.
• the lifting elements 39 of the second pallet handling unit 38 are transferred from the lowered to the raised position, so that the pallet 14 is automatically unloaded from the tool table 23 with the finished workpiece 1 2.
• the x-carriage 21 moves from the unloading side 10 to the loading side 8 where the first pallet handling unit 37 holds the next pallet 14 in the raised position. If the tool table 23 is below the pallet 14, the lifting elements 39 of the first pallet handling unit 37 are transferred from the raised to the lowered position, whereby the pallet 14 is arranged on the tool table 23. The pallet 14 is then by means of the clamping units 27 on the. Tool table 23 stretched. The tool table 23 is now moved in the x-direction to the laying head 26 for the next fiber laying operation, so that it can start with the new fiber laying process.
• the lifting elements 39 of the first pallet handling unit 37 are transferred to a new loading again in the raised position.
• the automatic Unloading the fiber laying machine 2 takes place by means of the conveyor 4. 5 which leads from the respective discharge side 10 to the depositing 1 1.
• the unloading of the respective fiber spreading machine 2 is carried out in parallel to the loading of the horritteii 4 with a pallet 14 and a workpiece 12 and / or ZUIB occupy the workpiece 12 with fibers 13 for unloading theRONschlitteii 4 takes over the pallet 14 and the workpiece 12 arranged thereon from the second pallet handling unit 38 and moves from the respective unloading side 10 on the unloading section 9 of the guide 5 to the depositing station 11.
• the lifting elements 39 of the second paper handling unit 38 are transferred over the unloaded i the lowered position, so that the tool table 23 can be discharged again,
• the housing openings 60, 61 of the air-conditioned machine housing 58 are predominantly closed by means of the cover 62 and are only opened when the tool table 23 is moved from the loading side 8 to the laying head 26 or from the laying head 26 to the unloading side 10 or from the discharge side 10 is moved to the loading side 8,
• the laying of the fibers 1 3 takes place unidirectionally when the laying head 26 is moved in the y direction to the fiber coil bearings 43. 44 out.
• the distance between the vertical deflection elements 54 and the horizontal deflection elements 56 is shortened, so that no fibers 13 have to be pulled out of the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 during the fiber laying process.
• the fibers can be made comparatively quickly.
• the fibers 13 are then drawn out of the fiber bobbin layers 43, 44 for the next fiber laying operation. Changes in the tension of the fibers 13 are compensated by means of the dancer magazines 48, 49.
• the fiber laying machines 2 are arranged in two groups in series with each other.
• the guide 5 is designed such that the conveyor carriages 4 can be moved via a respective loading section 6 and a respective unloading section 9 to the loading side 8 and the unloading side 10 of each of the fiber spreading machines 2.
• the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 of the respective fiber spreading machine 2 are connected to a arranged in the space 67.
• the gap 67 is formed by the two rows of fiber laying machine 2, in your Zw ischenraum 67, for example, a stock with fiber spools 46 is arranged to equip the fiber coil bearings 43, 44 new.
• the further thawing and the further mode of operation of the system 1 and the fiber laying machines 2 reference is made to the preceding Aus collirungsbeispiel.
• the fiber spreading machines 2 make it possible to lay fiber stacks of tow-preg material and / or slit-tow material and / or dry fibers 13, which may be provided with a binder.
• Preferred for all embodiments are the fibers. 13 pre-coated according to the invention already in the fiber-providing unit with a binder.
• the fibers 13 are, preferably carbon fibers and / or glass fibers.
• the fiber scrims 3 can be made with any fiber orientation and / or contour.
• the fiber spreading machines 2 are self-sufficient.
• the system for producing fiber composite parts may have a higher-level control device.
• the fiber spreading machines 2 are integrated in particular in a tact line in order to achieve high productivity.
• the respective fiber laying machine 2 is preferably four-axis.
• the respective fiber laying machine 2 is formed in five times.
• Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional fiber layers 3 can be produced with the respective fiber laying machine 2.
• the laying head 26 is linearly movable in two axes.
• the laying head 26 is linearly movable exclusively in two axes, namely in a horizontal y-axis and a vertical z-axis.
• the movement of the laying head therefore takes place in exactly one plane, which is here spanned by the y-axis and by the z-axis.
• the tool table 23 is linearly displaceable in one axis and can be welded around the pivot axis 25.
• the tool table 23 is linearly displaceable exclusively in an x-axis and can be welded around a vertical z-axis 25. This combination of axes allows a simple, flexible and efficient production of two-dimensional and three-dimensional fiber layers 3 with any fiber orientation and / or contour.
• the loading of the Faserlegemaschinc 2 and / or the tool table 23 is carried out automatically.
• Handling unit 37 is provided.
• the pallet handling unit 38 and the conveyor 4, 5 are provided.
• the conveyor can also be designed such that by means of the guide itself, the workpieces 12 and the pallets 14 are movable.
• the guide forms, for example, a roller conveyor or belt conveyor. Sponsors are not required.
• the pallet handling units 37, 38 are, for example, a pallet changer.
• the fiber spreading machine 2 is accessible for loading and unloading of two opposite sides. In particular, pallets 14 can be loaded through the fiber laying machine 2. By the conveyor 4, 5, the fiber spreading machine 2 is suitable to be integrated in tact lines.
• fiber fabric 3 with a size of 1 500 mm x 1500 mm x 100 mm can be produced.
• Such fiber fabrics 3 are used for example in the automotive industry.
• the invention is not limited to fiber fabrics of the exemplified size.
• a fiber spreading machine according to the invention is connected via a loading device 200 to the automated conveying device 4, 5, by means of which loading and unloading of the fiber laying system from only one side is made possible.
• the loading device 200 forms a T-shaped branch in the conveyor 4, 5, so that a pallet 14 can be moved with the workpiece 12 in the manner of a dead end of the branch in the fiber laying machine in and out of this.
• the transport takes place between an outer part of the conveying device 4, 5 and a processing position in the fiber spreading machine over at least partially extending within the fiber spreading machine.
• Ladeweg 202 Ladeweg 202.
• the loading path 202 may correspond in its technical realization, for example, the above-described leadership of the tool table along the x-axis, in the present case branches the loading path 202 in the right direction! from the conveyor 4. 5 from, however, other angles can be provided.
• the loading path 202 can also be arranged as a linear continuation of an outer part of the conveying device.
• the charging device 200 is embodied in detail as a rotation changing device, which comprises a rotatable retaining ring 201 for receiving at least two workpieces 12.
• the workpieces 12 are each arranged on their pallet 14.
• the rotatable support 201 is rotatable in the manner of a turntable in a substantially horizontal plane.
• the rotatable support for Steigerang the throughput can be loaded simultaneously with an unprocessed workpiece 12 from the outer conveyor 4, 5 and with a machined workpiece from the fiber spreading machine. Subsequently, the holder is rotated 180 degrees. Thereafter, the machined workpiece with the conveyor 4, 5 can be further transported, and the unprocessed workpiece can be moved via the loading path 202 in the fiber laying machine 2.
• the rotatable holder can also be in accordance with requirements in combination with a double-sided feedable fiber laying machine 2, as described above and shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
• the fiber laying machine shown in FIG. 6 comprises the laying head 26, which is movable in exactly one plane arranged perpendicular to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4.
• the laying head 26 is supplied by two fiber coil bearings 43, 44.
• the electrical control unit 34 and the air conditioning unit 63 are shown schematically in their position.
• the loading path 202 runs at a right angle of 90 ° to the plane of the movement of the laying head arranged vertically.
• the coil axes or axes of rotation of the fiber coils 47 extend parallel to the plane arranged vertically.
• the tool table has been modified so that the loading path 202 is parallel to that of the vertically arranged plane in which the laying head 26 moves.
• the arrangement of the fiber buffer bearings 43, 44 and the control unit 34 and the air conditioning unit 63 have remained the same relative to the laying head, but were together with the laying head relative to the automated conveyor 4, 5 rotated by 90 °.
• the fiber buffer bearings 43, 44 are rotated 90 degrees relative to the laying head 26.
• the coil axes 47 are now at an angle of 90 degrees to the perpendicular Level, Accordingly, the fiber buffer bearings 43, 44 may be arranged substantially in line with the laying head 26 and with the loading path 202. This allows a particularly narrow construction of the fiber laying machine. 2
• said components of the fiber spreading machine namely the plurality of fiber buffer bearings 43, 44, the air conditioning unit 63 and the electrical control unit 34, may be arranged in any manner relative to the laying head 26 and / or the loading path 202.
• an outer dimension, an outline shape, the position of a maintenance access or the like can be adapted to the respective requirement for the fiber laying machine 2,
• the fiber spreading machines 2 are preferably combined with at least one further processing station (not shown) for modifying the workpiece 12, which is different from the fiber laying machine 2 described above. It can be both a
• Fasterngemaschine other design act as well as a processing station, which is not designed for laying fibers on the workpiece.
• the further processing station is connected by means of the automated conveyor 4, 5 with de fiber spreading machine 2.
• the further processing station may be a circulating device.
• a pressing device act, by means of which the workpiece 12 is pressed in a subsequent application of the fibers 13 subsequent step.
• the further processing station is a temperature chamber and / or a painting device. It may also be another processing station, which is used in particular in an automated production of Fiug Wegbau former or automotive components.
• the system comprises a plurality of identical fiber laying machines 2, which are spatially separated from each other and by means of the automated
• the arrangement shown can be operated by suitably controlling the conveying device 4, 5, for example, as two parallel rows of respectively three sequentially arranged fiber spreading machines 2 arranged between the removal point 7 and the depositing point 11. In a respective row, three different processing steps can then be carried out on the same workpiece 12 in succession.
• differently constructed fiber laying machines can be arranged in the respective row. Also, a combination with a different from a fiber laying machine processing station in a row is possible.
• the removal point 7 and / or the depository 1 1 can each be designed as a buffer station for receiving, storing and transferring a plurality of workpieces 12.
• the buffer stations 1 1, 12 form a temporary storage for the workpieces 12 on their pallets 14, whereby an integration into an automated overall production with corresponding clock rates ⁇ is improved.
• a laying head 26 according to the invention which is used in a fiber laying machine described above will be explained in more detail.
• the laying head 26 is a replaceable module on the other fiber laying machine
• the laying head 26 can be moved in the y direction, hereinafter also referred to as the laying direction.
• the laying head 26 can be moved in the perpendicular z-direction to be placed on the workpiece or lifted from it, the total of the laying head 26 therefore moves in exactly one plane, that of the y-axis and the z-axis is spanned.
• the laying head has two feeders 101, 102 running at an angle to one another, wherein a first group of fiber strands 13 are guided by means of the first feed 101 and a second group of fiber strands 13 are guided by means of the second feed 102 into an intersection region 103, around the two groups of Fiber strands 13 to unite a fiber web.
• each group comprises eight fiber strands, so that a total of 16 fiber strands 1 3 are combined to form a fiber web
• the feeders 101, 102 extend at an acute angle of about 15 ° to each other, so that a central region 104 of the laying head 26 is formed approximately wedge-shaped.
• a detachable upper part 105, 106 is arranged in each case.
• the upper parts 105, 106 can be swiveled open for purposes of waring with respect to the central region (see FIGS. 8, 9) and can be removed.
• the fiber strands of the two groups are guided in the transverse direction or, offset perpendicular to the Be egungsebene of the laying head by a strand width, so that in the crossing region 103 in the transverse direction always alternately a yarn serstraog 1 3 of the first group and one. Fiber strand 13 of the second group are guided in the resulting sliver.
• the crossing region 103 and the compacting roller 1 e 109 are heated by means of a heating device 118 in the form of a heat emitter, so that a pre-coated binder of the fibers is activated.
• the fiber strands 33 are acted upon in the feeders 101, 102 in each case as described below:
• the clamping device comprises for each of the fiber strands 13 a lower, arranged at the central region of the pinch roller 1 12 and an upper, arranged on the upper part Kleminrolle 1 13, For each of the fiber strands thus a cooperating pair of pinch rollers 1 12, 1 13 is provided between which the fiber strand can be clamped.
• the respectively arranged on the upper part pinch rollers 1 13 are connected for the purpose of releasable clamping with an actuator 1 1 4, through which the upper pinch roller 1 1 3 against the fiber strand 13 and the lower pinch roller 1 12 can be pressed.
• the pinch roller pairs 1 12. 1 13 are also provided with a freewheel in the conveying direction of the fiber strands 1 3, so that even in the clamped state, there is only a clamping action against the conveying direction.
• F. ine feed roller 1. 1 5 is arranged in the conveying direction behind the clamping device 1 1 1.
• the pre-feed roller 1 By means of the pre-feed roller 1 15, the fiber strands can be driven driven in the conveying direction.
• the prefeed roller is between the Clamping device 1 1 1 and the exit-side Kompakt istsrolle 109 of
• the prefeed roller 1 1 5 is presently designed as pairs of two cooperating, distributed over the entire width of the group of fiber strands 13 rollers 1 16, 1 1 7, the prefeed roller is driven by a rotary drive.
• a Schneidvomchtung 1 19 is disposed at the laying head between the VorfördeiTolle 1 15 and the outlet-side Kompakt istsrolle 109.
• the fibers -arch. the group of fiber strands 13 are separable by means of the cutting device.
• the Sc.hneidvorrichtu.ng 1 19 includes a plurality of separately controllable cutting members 120, which can separate across the laying direction different parts of the fibers.
• a cutting element 1.20 which can be controlled separately, is provided for each of the eight fiber strands .13 of a group.
• a corresponding separate control of the cutting elements allows a desired shaping of an end or beginning of the laid fiber web.
• the cutting device 1 19 also includes an actuator member 12 1 with eight individual actuators for individual. Actuation of the eight cutting elements .120.
• the actuator member 121 is formed separately from the cutting members 120 and at the respective. Upper part 105, 106 of the laying head 26 is arranged. On the other hand, the cutting members 120 are fixed to the central portion 104. After pivoting the upper part 105. 106, the actuator member 121 is detached from the cutting members 120, so that the Sehneidglieder 120 are accessible in a sinewy and simple way of maintenance.
• the laying head 26 now works as follows:
• the fiber strands 13 are separated by the cutting device 1 19 and a front end of the fiber strands 1 3 is located in the region of the cutting device.
• the laying head 26 is approached in the laying direction in the context of a laying stroke maximum close to a last space fixed deflection 56 of the fiber delivery unit 42.
• the laying head 26 is then lifted by a small stroke in z-Richtting of the workpiece so that the compaction roller 109, the workpiece 12 is no longer touched. Then there is a pinching of the fiber strands to be laid 1 3 in the
• the laying head 26 is moved relative to the fiber-providing unit 42 in the y-direction by a laying stroke in a starting position. Due to the clamping, the fibers are pulled out of the fiber supply unit 42 around the laying stroke. Subsequently, the laying head 26 is again moved a bit in the direction of a last deflection 56 of the fiber supply unit, wherein the prefeed roller 1 15 drives the fibers driven, until the fiber web to the ompaktie- rungsrolle 109 arrives. In this case, due to the movement of the laying head 26, no fibers are pulled out of the fiber supply unit 42. In a first section of the advancement of the fibers, the pinch roller can still remain in the clamped state, since it has a freewheel in the conveying direction of the fibers.
• the laying head 26 is lowered before or subsequently on the workpiece 12 and is thus in a starting position for the laying of the fiber web. If necessary, the workpiece has now been moved to a changed position or orientation.
• the laying head 26 is moved from the start position to an end position while laying the fibers 13 on the workpiece 12. Since the fiber strands 13 have been previously pulled out of the fiber supply unit 42, no fibers 13 are pulled out of the fiber supply unit 42 during the deposition of the fibers on the workpiece 12.
• the advancing the fibers according to the invention by the laying hu b independently of a positioning of the coil bearings 43, 44 can be realized.
• the removal by the laying stroke is carried out in each case by the movement of the laying head relative to a last spatially fixed deflection of the fiber delivery unit 42. Accordingly, the positioning of the coil bearings 43, 44 in particular relative to the laying head 26 is largely freely selectable.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Robotics (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Road Paving Structures (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-03-06 DE DE102015002775.1A patent/DE102015002775A1/de active Pending
• 2016
  • 2016-03-04 KR KR1020177027681A patent/KR102437224B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-03-04 EP EP16711153.3A patent/EP3265296A2/de active Pending
  • 2016-03-04 US US15/555,056 patent/US11027504B2/en active Active
  • 2016-03-04 WO PCT/EP2016/054680 patent/WO2016142299A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2016-03-04 JP JP2017546935A patent/JP6910302B2/ja active Active
  • 2016-03-04 RU RU2017131215A patent/RU2715834C2/ru active
  • 2016-03-04 CN CN201680014148.8A patent/CN107635755B/zh active Active

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