EP3263996B1 - Control of flow regulating device - Google Patents

Control of flow regulating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3263996B1
EP3263996B1 EP17175930.1A EP17175930A EP3263996B1 EP 3263996 B1 EP3263996 B1 EP 3263996B1 EP 17175930 A EP17175930 A EP 17175930A EP 3263996 B1 EP3263996 B1 EP 3263996B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
control signal
period
regulating device
controller
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EP17175930.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3263996A1 (en
Inventor
Sean Boden
Mariusz Jedrzejewski
Michael Hartmann
Matjaz Osojnik
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Danfoss AS
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Danfoss AS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F24D19/1018—Radiator valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method to control a flow regulating device, such as for heating systems and such as a valve, when the load becomes low and/or high, and to a controller performing this method.
  • the object of the present invention thus is to introduce a method and controller to address these problems.
  • the present invention solves the object as given in the claims, which includes to introduce a method to control a fluid flow regulating device being regulated through a control signal ranging from 0-100%
  • the control signal may be a pulse width modulated signal (PWM) , where according to the invention said modified control signal is formed of full cycle periods, P, each with open period Po of a 100% control signal and a closed period Pc of 0% signal and when the load gets below a low load threshold said control signal enters a low load control where the open period Po is higher than zero even when the flow regulating device are to be closed and/or when the load gets above a high load threshold said control signal enters a high load control where the open period Po is lower than 100% even when the flow regulating device are to be fully open.
  • PWM pulse width modulated signal
  • the fluid flow regulating device is connected to actuating means setting fluid flow regulating device according to the communicated control signal from a connected controller.
  • control signals includes a low load control where the control signal is below a point of reaction defined as the signal where the actuator (13) change flow regulating device between open and closed and/or where the control signal high load control is above said point of reaction.
  • the high load threshold and low load threshold defining when the control are to change to high load or low load control respectively would have to be at an significant distance to the average point of reaction as this is dependent on factors such as the ambient temperature.
  • the high load threshold and/or low load threshold is non-constant, but is depending on factors such as ambient temperature.
  • the flow regulating device is pressure independent, and may form part of a valve arrangement including a pressure controlling valve means.
  • the fluid flow regulating device adjusts the flow rate to maintain a set reference return temperature in a flow system, said low load related to a low flow rate and/or return temperature Tr being below a given threshold.
  • temperature sensors (9) are connected to the fluid flow system including the fluid flow regulating device and communicates the measurements to the controller as input parameter(s) to the control of the fluid flow regulating device.
  • the fluid flow system is a one pipe heating system and where at least one of said temperature sensors is connected to the return side of a heating line.
  • the open period Po is equal to or lower than or equal 10%, or 20%, of the total period P
  • the closed period Pc is higher than or equal to 90%, or 80%, of the total period P and/or for the high load period open period Po is equal to or higher than or equal 90%, or 80%, of the total period P
  • the closed period Pc is lower than or equal to 10%, or 20%, of the total period P
  • control is even more improved the control of the return temperature, Tr, include a PID control.
  • the present invention further relate to a controller adapted to regulate a fluid flow regulating device by a control signal being 0% when said fluid flow regulating device is to be closed and 100% when it is to be fully open during a normal operational load, defined as being within a load threshold, and where the controller is in data communication with means to detect said load, characterized in that said controller includes a modified control signal where said control signal either is never at 0% and/or is never at 100%, and enters said modified control signal when the load is outside said load threshold.
  • the controller is adapted to operate according to the method of any of previous embodiments.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a heating flow circuit (1) such as a one-pipe system comprising a connection (2) to a heat supply (3), such as a district heating system.
  • a heat transferring fluid is delivered through a supply line (4) to a plural of heating lines (5), or risers, positioned in parallel along the supply line (4) connecting it to a return line (6).
  • the heating lines (5) may connect to a plurality of individual heat exchanging circuits each comprising heat exchanging devices (8) (such as radiators etc.), where each of these could form the heating circuit for an individual flat, or just a domestic places in general. These circuits comprising the heat exchanging devices (8) are positioned in series along the heating lines, but by-pass lines ensure the distribution of fluid despite one would be closed.
  • the heating lines (5) further includes flow controllers (7) positioned downstream of the heat exchanging devices (8).
  • Sensors such as flow sensors and/or temperature sensors (9) may be connected to some or all of the heating lines (5), where the illustrated embodiment shows them positioned downstream of the heat exchanging devices (8) but upstream of the flow controllers (7).
  • sensors such as flow sensors and/or temperature sensors (10) may be connected to the supply line (4), return line (6), the connection (2) etc.
  • a controller (11) is in data communication (12) connection to actuating means (13) (or just actuator) of the flow controllers (7) to adjust the flow rates in response to the control signal from the controller (11).
  • the flow controllers (7) in an embodiment are valves including a valve element operating in connecting to a throttling element (or valve seat) together defining a valve opening given by the position of the valve element relative to the throttling element. The valve opening then defines the flow rate through the valve, and thus the flow system where to it is connected.
  • a throttling element or valve seat
  • the valve opening then defines the flow rate through the valve, and thus the flow system where to it is connected.
  • One such embodiment valve (7) is illustrated in fig. 2 , the illustrated valve being a pressure independent valve including a pressure controlling part (14) formed of a membrane deflecting in response to a pressure difference over the flow controlling means as pressure control.
  • Other embodiments of pressure independent valves (7) would also apply, just as non-pressure independent valves (7).
  • the flow controllers (7) in an embodiment is thermal controllers changing flow in response to a change in the temperature of the heat exchanging fluid, such as the actuating means (13) could be a wax thermal actuator, but the present inventions could also apply to other types of actuators, such as where there is a significant time delay in the response.
  • a return temperature control, RTC, in a flow system (1) such as a one-pipe heating system is a control method where the flow rate in the individual heating lines (5) is adjusted such as to maintain a given set temperature downstream of the last of the heat exchanging devices (8), thus being the return temperature, at a given setpoint, which may be adjusted according to other conditions, such as external temperature etc.
  • This method can be used to turn an otherwise traditionally constant flow one-pipe heating system into variable flow system and the one-pipe system can work at partial loads, resulting in increased energy efficiency.
  • Fig. 3 illustrate a situation of an embodiment where the actuating means (13) is, or includes, a thermal wax actuator.
  • a thermal wax actuator Such wax thermostatic elements transform heat energy into mechanical energy using the thermal expansion of waxes when they melt, but usually only have closed or open positions.
  • a transfer curve (30) between closed and open position is illustrated as being quite steep in relation to the control signal (15), thus roughly for all the control signals (15) below the point of reaction the actuator (13) will be closed and for all control signals (15) above the point of reaction it will be fully open.
  • This point of reaction corresponds to certain minimum control signal (15) before the actuator (15) (or wax) reacts, and may fluctuate significantly such a in dependence on the ambient temperature. Seen in time it may have a significant delay, at least at low loads as will also be addressed later.
  • the X-axis represent the control signal range (15) from 0 (no signal, or 0% signal) to 1 (full signal, or 100% signal), where the curve (30) illustrates the actuating setting in at a control signal (15) roughly around 3.5 (or 35%) (the point of reaction), but the exact value will depend on the nature / definition of the control signal (15), the ambient temperature (e.g. amplitude of the PWM impulses as will be described later), the exact actuator (13) embodiment etc.
  • Fig. 4 illustrate embodiments of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control of the flow controller(s) (7), optionally through the connected actuating means (13), where the controlling signal (15) changes for periods.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • FIG. 4 illustrates embodiments of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control of the flow controller(s) (7), optionally through the connected actuating means (13), where the controlling signal (15) changes for periods.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • control signal (15) in this PWM embodiment is related to the fraction of time, or period, the signal is fully on in relation to the full cycle period, and closed for the rest of the cycle period.
  • the full cycle period P may be constant or change over time and may be adjustable, the open period Po and closed period Pc being adjusted accordingly,
  • actuating means (13) For flow controllers (7) including or attached to actuating means (13), where the actuating means has some delay in its response, or at least a response time being such that problems may occur at low loads (or low flow rates), or at too high flow temperature (high flow rates), the slow response nature of the actuators (13) can compromise the control performance which may result is oscillation of the controlled return temperature.
  • actuating means (13) is thermal wax actuators, where due to nature of heating wax element, it can take up to 3-4 minutes for actuator to start actuating, following by 3-4 minutes of opening time, and the end result can be 8 minutes response. The opposite happens in case of full load.
  • the controller (11) when the load gets low, meaning a low flow rate and/or return temperature is below a given threshold, the controller (11) will change the controlling signal (15) by a low load control (22a) (see fig. 5 ) in a manner where it is never at 0%the whole of the cycle period P. T hereby it is ensured that the response time of the actuating means (13) will be significantly faster. This could be such as by setting the control signal (15) at a level below the point of reaction, such as below 20%, or below 10% or below 5%.
  • the closing signal meaning the signal to keep the flow controller (7) closed will be above zero, but sufficiently below a range of point of reactions as they may be expected to fluctuate according to e.g. the expected changes in ambient temperature.
  • the low load control (22a) helps to prevent the actuating means (13) to be too cold.
  • the controller (11) when the load is high, (or meaning a high flow rate and/or return temperature is above a given threshold) the controller (11) will change the controlling signal (15) by a high load control (22b) (see fig. 5A) in a manner where it is never at 100%the whole of the cycle period P. Thereby it is ensured that the response time of the actuating means (13) will be significantly faster. This could be such as by setting the control signal (15) at a level above the point of reaction, such as above 80%, or above 90% or above 95%.
  • the closing signal meaning the signal to keep the flow controller (7) open be below zero, but sufficiently above a range of point of reactions as they may be expected to fluctuate according to e.g. the expected changes in ambient temperature.
  • the high load control (22b) helps to prevent the actuating means (13) to be overheated.
  • a basic flow chart is shown illustrates the control method as run by the controller (11) according to an embodiment.
  • the system normally will operate in a normal load situation where the system the control signals (15) is run under a normal control method (20) when the load is within a given load threshold, this is when the load is above a low load threshold and/or below a high load threshold.
  • the load When the load becomes low (21), meaning if a low flow rate and/or return temperature is below the given low load threshold, it will start the a low load control (22a) where the control signal (15) includes a non-zero opening period Po, where the signal Po is lower than the critical point of reaction , Alternatively, when the load becomes high (21), meaning if a high flow rate and/or return temperature is above the given low load threshold, it will start the a high load control (22b) where the control signal (15) includes an opening period Po ⁇ 100%, where the signal Po is higher than the critical point of reaction
  • the method will return to the ordinary control method (20), being how the control is performed during normal load, otherwise it will repeat from the step (22a, 22b).
  • the controller (11) regulates according to a PID control.
  • Figs. 6A and 6B schematically illustrate the control of the return temperature Tr according to a return temperature setpoint (40) where Fig. 6A schematically illustrates the control according to a PI control method and 6B according to a PID control method.
  • the PID control includes three parts, where the part 'P' accounts for present values of the error (where a large and positive error gives a large and positive control output etc.).
  • the part 'I' is an integration and accounts for past values of the error, where with an insufficient current output the error will accumulate over time, and the controller will respond by applying a stronger action. This is what is illustrated in fig. 6A , where it has been experienced event when controlling according to the above described low load control (22a) method and/or high load control (22b), the problem of oscillations may still not be fully solved, though still significantly improved, the system may react too quickly.
  • the 'D' (the differential part), is included (the full PID control), where this part accounts for possible future values of the error, based on its current rate of change.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
EP17175930.1A 2016-06-30 2017-06-14 Control of flow regulating device Active EP3263996B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201600391A DK179749B1 (en) 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 CONTROL OF FLOW REGULATING DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3263996A1 EP3263996A1 (en) 2018-01-03
EP3263996B1 true EP3263996B1 (en) 2023-04-19

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EP17175930.1A Active EP3263996B1 (en) 2016-06-30 2017-06-14 Control of flow regulating device

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EP (1) EP3263996B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN107559941B (zh)
DK (1) DK179749B1 (zh)
LT (1) LT3263996T (zh)
PL (1) PL3263996T3 (zh)
RU (1) RU2667851C1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11187345B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2021-11-30 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Paraffin actuated diaphragm valve
BE1027799B1 (fr) * 2019-11-27 2021-06-23 Bess Energie Sprl Régulation à température glissante des eaux des circuits de retour de chauffage / d'eau glacée en vue de leur uniformisation automatique et, in fine, en guise de l'optimisation des rendements

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6152376A (en) * 1997-02-21 2000-11-28 Heat-Timer Corporation Valve modulation method and system utilizing same
RU2217665C2 (ru) * 1998-12-04 2003-11-27 Байтингер Николай Михайлович Устройство для регулирования расхода жидкости
DE10005856B4 (de) * 1999-06-25 2004-02-26 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung einer Größe in einer Heizanlage
DE10054897B4 (de) * 2000-11-06 2005-01-13 Techem Service Ag & Co. Kg Regelung für Fußbodenheizungen oder kombinierte Fußboden- und Radiatorheizungen
JP2004197663A (ja) * 2002-12-19 2004-07-15 Tgk Co Ltd 容量制御弁の制御装置
DE10302176A1 (de) * 2003-01-22 2004-07-29 Mvv Energie Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Temperatur des Trinkwassers in einem mittels Heizwasser beheizten Durchlauferhitzer
DE102009004319A1 (de) * 2009-01-10 2010-07-22 Henry Klein Verfahren, Computerprogramm und Regelgerät für einen temperaturbasierten hydraulischen Abgleich
WO2011154002A2 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-15 Danfoss A/S Method to regulate a one-pipe heat supply system
CN103154618B (zh) * 2010-06-10 2016-09-07 丹福斯有限公司 具有流量调节的单管热量供应系统
JP5311165B2 (ja) * 2010-09-06 2013-10-09 アイシン精機株式会社 油圧制御装置
CH706146A2 (de) * 2012-02-29 2013-08-30 Oblamatik Ag Verfahren und System zum Temperieren von Bauteilen.
DK2871539T3 (da) * 2013-11-07 2019-07-22 Grundfos Holding As Diagnosemetode til diagnosticering af den korrekte funktion af et opvarmnings- og/eller køleanlæg
AT515085B1 (de) * 2014-01-16 2015-06-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur adaptiven Regelung eines Heizsystems
DK3009909T3 (en) * 2014-10-16 2017-09-11 Danfoss As Actuator means and heating system
EP3009751B1 (en) * 2014-10-16 2019-01-16 Danfoss A/S Heating system and method for hydraulic balancing said heating system
CN104533865B (zh) * 2015-01-08 2017-04-05 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种液压节能控制器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107559941B (zh) 2019-12-13
DK179749B1 (en) 2019-05-07
EP3263996A1 (en) 2018-01-03
PL3263996T3 (pl) 2023-09-11
CN107559941A (zh) 2018-01-09
DK201600391A1 (en) 2018-01-08
RU2667851C1 (ru) 2018-09-24
LT3263996T (lt) 2023-05-10

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