EP3263767A1 - Mould and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Shaped body (10, 100) and a method for producing the same, wherein the shaped body (10, 100) comprises a basic body (12) consisting of or containing thermoplastic material with reinforcement extending in its longitudinal direction (14, 16, 18, 20, 114 , 116, 118, 120). It is envisaged that the reinforcement (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) is at least one rod-shaped reinforcing element having a structure on the surface, the structure being enclosed in a form-fitting manner by the thermoplastic material.

Description

The invention relates to a molded article comprising a basic body consisting of thermoplastic material or containing it with reinforcement extending in the longitudinal direction thereof with a structure which is enclosed in a form-fitting manner by the thermoplastic material.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a shaped body which consists of thermoplastic material or contains this and in the longitudinal direction of which at least one reinforcement extends.

A corresponding shaped body in the form of a railway sleeper is the DE 699 29 819 T2 refer to. The railway sleeper has a hard inner core as a reinforcement in the form of an elongated reinforcing element, which in turn is surrounded by an outer housing made of a deformable composite material. The outer casing is double-shelled and consists of polyethylene and ground rubber particles.

The two-layered construction results in constructive and production-related disadvantages, in particular a geometrical adaptation of reinforcement element and housing shells is required to provide a circumferentially closed threshold.

Of the DE 699 38 308 T2 is a synthetic threshold, which consists of a composite material. The composite has a core layer and a surface layer containing a thermosetting resin reinforced by long fibers.

From the DE 10 2011 117 760 A1 is a thermoplastic material containing recycled Polyolefm and glass fibers known. From the material, a molded body in the form of a railway sleeper can be produced. The use of glass fibers on the one hand has the disadvantage that when compounding a strong wear of the waves can occur. As Recyclematerial the molded body is not suitable due to the contained glass fibers.

A shaped body of the type mentioned in the form of a composite threshold is the US 5 609 295 A1 refer to. Within the threshold runs a double T-beam, which can be made of polyethylene and is structured by openings or stepped longitudinal edges.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a shaped body and a method for the production of the same, which have sufficient flexural rigidity or strength, so that a comprehensive use, in particular also in track superstructure, is possible.

To achieve the object, the invention provides, inter alia, a shaped body which is characterized essentially by the fact that the reinforcing element is rod-shaped and consists of plastic solid or hollow rod or existing tubular element and has on the outside a tooth structure such as wave structure.

According to the invention, the reinforcement is at least one superstructure having a structure rod-shaped reinforcing element, which is the form-fitting enclosing the structure of the thermoplastic material. In this case, the reinforcing element consists in particular of plastic, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP).

Notwithstanding the prior art, there is no need in the molded body distributed glass fibers to give the molded body a desired strength. Also it is not necessary that a multi-part body is made in which a reinforcement is introduced. Rather, within the base body, the reinforcement, preferably over its entire length, wherein the reinforcement may extend set back in the end regions of the molding, so the front end of the molding does not interspersed.

In this case, the reinforcement may be made of suitable materials to ensure the desired flexural strength and rigidity. In particular, it is provided that the reinforcing element is at least one externally profiled as a wave structure exhibiting rod element, in particular an existing GRP rod or tube element, preferably a solid or hollow rod or tube made of GRP.

It is provided in particular that the structure is formed by an external thread.

It can virtually be used as a threaded rod such as spindle, which is positively enclosed by the thermoplastic material.

Other structures are also possible. However, it is a structure to be chosen such that the matrix material, so the thermoplastic material surrounds the reinforcement form fit. It is therefore preferable to choose a wave structure or wave-like structure. Other structures enabling the form-fitting, such as recesses and elevations, such as a kind of knob-like structure, are likewise possible.

In hervorgewhebender embodiment it is provided that the thermoplastic material consists of shredded particles. In this case, the particles are subjected to a heat treatment in such a way that preferably not all of the particles completely melt, but at least some of the particles are melted only superficially. This is preferably done by means of thermokinetic mixing. In this case, a thermokinetic mixing device can be used, as this US 5,895,790 A it can be seen, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference. Destroying long-chain polymer molecules is thereby avoided or reduced.

In particular, it is provided that the reinforcing element consists of a material whose linear coefficient of thermal expansion deviates at least approximately by 0.5 × 10 ^-1 K ^-1 from that of the thermoplastic material. Regardless of this, longitudinal movement of the reinforcing element within the basic body is ruled out since the thermoplastic material positively surrounds the reinforcing element in the longitudinal direction.

In particular, it is provided that polymers, in particular polyolefins, are used as the thermoplastic material, in particular one or more materials from the group polyethylene, in particular LDPE and / or HDPE polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene ether, polycarbonate, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadine-styrene , Polymethylmicroacrylate, polysterene.

Preferably, at least two, at least preferably four, rod-shaped reinforcing elements extend in the longitudinal direction of the shaped body, wherein two are each arranged symmetrically to a plane of symmetry, within which the longitudinal axis of the shaped body can run. In particular, in the case of a cuboid shaped body, the plane of symmetry runs parallel to the longitudinal sides and / or the top and bottom sides. But also an odd number of reinforcing elements or z. B. six reinforcing elements may be provided within the molding.

Preferably, the shaped body is a railway sleeper.

Preferably, the reinforcing element is a hollow rod or tube made of GRP with an outer diameter DA with 20 mm ≤ DA ≤ 30 mm and / or an inner diameter DI with 10 mm ≤ DI ≤ 20 mm, preferably DA = 2 DI.

Independently of this, the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing elements which extend in the longitudinal axis direction of the shaped body should account for 2% to 15% of the cross-sectional area of the shaped body. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing elements should be between 2.5% and 10% of the cross-sectional area of the shaped body.

• zumindest teilweises Aufschmelzen von aus thermoplastischem Material bestehenden Partikeln in einer Mischvorrichtung,
• Pressen des zumindest teilweise aufgeschmolzenen thermoplastischen Materials in ein die Außengeometrie des Formkörpers vorgebendes Werkzeug, in dessen Längsrichtung zumindest ein stabförmiges Bewehrungselement als die Bewehrung verläuft,

wobei das thermoplastische Material gegen ein in Längsrichtung des Werkzeugs verschiebbares an den Querschnitt des Werkzeugs angepasstes Schiebeelement gepresst wird, das von dem zumindest einen Bewehrungselement durchsetzt wird.A method for producing a shaped body which consists of or contains thermoplastic material and in whose longitudinal direction at least one reinforcement extends, is characterized by at least the following method steps:

• at least partial melting of particles consisting of thermoplastic material in a mixing device,
• Pressing the at least partially melted thermoplastic material into a tool which predetermines the outer geometry of the shaped body, in the longitudinal direction of which at least one rod-shaped reinforcing element runs as the reinforcement,

wherein the thermoplastic material is pressed against a sliding in the longitudinal direction of the tool adapted to the cross-section of the tool sliding element, which is penetrated by the at least one reinforcing element.

According to the invention, in particular shredded, recycled thermoplastic material, which may be presorted, is fed to the mixing device, in particular in the form of a compounder. During the compounding, the particles are exposed to a temperature which is preferably in the range between 130.degree. C. and 160.degree. C., preferably approximately 150.degree. The temperature during the entire compounding should be kept substantially constant. Irrespective of this, the particles have a temperature which causes an at least superficial melting, that is to say that they do not necessarily undergo melt-through, even if particles can also be completely melted. The only partial melting results in the advantage that long-chain polymer molecules are spared with the result that the material itself already in the solidified state has a higher strength compared to materials which are produced by extrusion.

The desired flexural rigidity or strength of the molded body results, in particular, in that at least one rod-shaped reinforcing element runs in the longitudinal direction of the molded body, which is designed in particular in the form of a hollow rod or tube made of GFRP.

To ensure that regardless of different linear thermal expansion coefficients of the thermoplastic material and the reinforcing material displacement in the longitudinal direction is omitted, it is provided that is used as a reinforcing element such that is superficially structured so that the thermoplastic material can form-fitting surround the reinforcing element, as mentioned can be designed as a rod, in particular as a hollow rod, in particular as a GRP pipe element. The structuring can be achieved by a type of wave structure, in particular by an external thread. Other ways to ensure the desired structure and thus the required positive engagement by penetration of the thermoplastic material in the surface structure, are of course also covered by the invention. Thus, e.g. also a knobbed structure can be selected.

In order to fix the rod-shaped element in a tool, it is provided, in particular, that from the end face of the tool lying opposite the inlet opening of the tool, a pencil-shaped holder running on the inside of the tool extends, onto which the rod is inserted. For this purpose, it must be hollow in the corresponding end region, that is to say have a hollow cylinder geometry at the end of a round rod. Preferably, however, hollow rods or tubes are used here as rod-shaped elements.

Due to the end-side hollow geometry of the rod-shaped reinforcing element fixing takes place at one end. The positioning of the opposite end is first achieved by the displaceable by the tool by means of the pressed thermoplastic material sliding element, which is penetrated by the reinforcing element. In this case, the pressing of the tool takes place in particular by means of an axial press.

Furthermore, the rod-shaped element can also be fixed by a pin-shaped element in the input region of the tool. For this purpose, the reinforcing element must be designed to be hollow.

Furthermore, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention that the reinforcement is positioned in the tool such that the reinforcement is fixed in position by solidification of the thermoplastic material in the tool. Thus, in principle a bending of the rod-shaped reinforcing elements within the tool regardless of the position of the sliding element does not take place.

In particular, it is provided that a mixture of grains is used as the thermoplastic material, which consist of pre-sorted recycled plastic material, in particular the thermoplastic material of polymers, in particular of at least one material selected from the group polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene ether, polycarbonate, polyamide, Arcylnitrile-butadine-styrene, polymethylmicroacrylate, polysterene. is used.

Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that after filling of the tool, this end closed and then forcibly cooled. After solidification of the molding this is pushed out of the tool.

The invention also relates to a tool with the described features or some of these.

In particular, it is proposed a tool for producing a molding consisting of thermoplastic material comprising a hollow cuboid housing with a sliding in its longitudinal direction sliding element, which is penetrated by running inside the tool rod-shaped reinforcing elements, wherein from the rear end face of the tool a holder with pin-shaped elements emanates are added in sections by the reinforcing elements.

In particular, the tool is characterized in that the pin-shaped elements pass through sleeve-like elements and protrude beyond them, wherein the length of the sleeve-like elements corresponds to the extent of the sliding element in the longitudinal direction of the housing.

There is also the possibility that pin-shaped elements emanate from the opening-side end face region of the tool, which extend at least in sections within the hollow-rod-shaped reinforcing elements.

For more details, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent not only from the claims, the features to be taken these features - alone and / or in combination - but also from the following description of the drawing to be taken preferred embodiments.

Fig. 1

einen Formkörper,

Fig. 2

einen Formkörper in Form einer Schwelle,

Fig. 3a, b

einen Abschnitt eines Bewehrungselementes, in Seitenansicht und im Schnitt,

Fig. 4 a, b

einen Einsatz eines Werkzeuges mit Bewehrungselementen, in perspektivischer Darstellung und in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 5

ein Werkzeug mit Blick ins Innere,

Fig. 6

ein Schiebeelement des Einsatzes gemäß Fig. 4a, b und

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt durch einen Formkörper.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a shaped body,

Fig. 2

a shaped body in the form of a threshold,

Fig. 3a, b

a section of a reinforcing element, in side view and in section,

Fig. 4 a, b

a use of a tool with reinforcing elements, in perspective and in side view,

Fig. 5

a tool with a view into the interior,

Fig. 6

a sliding element of the insert according to Fig. 4a . b and

Fig. 7

a section through a shaped body.

With reference to the figures, the invention is explained, are made by means of the molded body, which consist of a thermoplastic material having extending in the longitudinal direction of the molding reinforcing bars, which are structured on the outside and are positively surrounded by the thermoplastic material.

A corresponding shaped body 10 is the Fig. 1 refer to. The molded body 10 may have a cuboid shape and consists in the true sense of a base body 12 made of thermoplastic material, in the longitudinal direction according to the embodiment of the Fig. 1 four reinforcing rods 14, 16, 18, 20 extend, which preferably pass through the end faces of the molding 10 or end in this, without this being absolutely necessary.

Furthermore, it can be seen from the drawing that the reinforcing rods 14, 16, 18, 20 extend in pairs symmetrically to planes which run parallel to the longitudinal side surfaces or upper side and underside of the cuboid shaped body 10.

Furthermore, the reinforcing rods 14, 16, 18, 20 extend in such a way in the edge region of the shaped body 10 that a fixation by the solidifying in the manufacture thermoplastic material composition is possible; because in the edge region, the heat is dissipated quickly by the tool in which the shaped body 10 is produced.

The molded body 10 consists of a matrix material of a thermoplastic material, in particular of a plurality of materials from the group polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene ether, polycarbonate, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadine-styrene, polymethylmicroacrylate, polysterene.

For this purpose, appropriate used materials are first presorted, shredded and dried, wherein the individual shredded grains should have a mean size between 1.0 mm and 15.0 mm, in particular between 1.0 mm and 3.0 mm. In the desired mixing ratio - optionally with the addition of talc and / or a crosslinking agent and / or an antioxidant - the materials are then fed to a thermokinetic mixing device, in the DE 601 16 496 T2 is described, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference. Complementary is also emphatically on the revelation of US 5,895,790 A which also belongs to the disclosure of the present application.

In the thermokinetic mixing device, the particles are compounded in such a way that not all of the particles melt completely, but only in their surfaces, so that they stick together, ie, agglomerate. That not all particles are melted, results from the Fig. 7 , Which is to be taken from a front side of a shaped body, as this in principle in the Fig. 1 is shown. One recognizes the preferably designed as a hollow rods 14, 16, 18, 20 reinforcing bars which extend in the solidified thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic material has incompletely molten particles, some of which are indicated by the reference numerals 22, 24, 26 purely by way of example.

In the mixing device which equals a compounder, the particles are preferably heated to a maximum of 150 ° C. The temperature range is 130 ° C to 160 ° C.

By not completely melting all the particles, destroying long-chain polymer molecules is prevented or reduced, so that the material itself already has a higher strength compared to moldings otherwise made of thermoplastic material.

The desired flexural rigidity or strength of the molded body 10 itself is then given by the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20. A portion of a corresponding reinforcing bar 28 is the Fig. 3a . b refer to. One recognizes the hollow body geometry and the existing structure in the outer surface, which may be formed by a wave geometry. Other structures that allow a positive encompassing of the matrix material such that a displacement of the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 is prevented in the longitudinal direction of the molding, are also possible.

As materials for the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 is in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic in question. Regardless, such moldings 10 are easily recyclable because the bars can be cut out of the moldings prior to recycling.

For the production of corresponding shaped bodies, a tool 30 is used whose internal geometry corresponds to the external geometry of the shaped body to be produced, which in particular has a cuboid shape. The tool 30 has a box shape with in particular hollow cuboid geometry.

The Fig. 4a . b is an insert a corresponding tool with hollow rod-shaped or tubular reinforcing rods to take, as these also in the Fig. 1 represented and denoted by the reference numerals 14, 16, 18, 20. The insert has as an essential element on a sliding element 40 which is penetrated by the hollow rods 14, 16, 18, 20. In the Fig. 4 a, the sliding element on the left side is partially cut. The reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 pass through openings of the sliding element 40.

For unambiguously aligning the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 in the tool 30 goes from the opposite to the inlet opening of the tool 30 back Front portion of a bracket 140, which in the embodiment comprises two spaced-apart and connected via a pin member 142 plates 142, 144 includes. From the tool inner side extending side of the plate 142 go out sleeves, two of which are denoted by the reference numerals 148, 149. The sleeves are penetrated by rod or pin elements, some of which are identified by reference numerals 150, 151. The rod members 150, 151 extend from the back plate 144 and extend beyond the sleeve 148 beyond a length of eg 20 cm to 40 cm. On the free ends 152, 153 of the rod elements 150, 151, the reinforcing elements 14, 16, 18, 20 are then pushed, so that a clear spatial orientation of the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 is ensured in the tool 30.

On the tool opening side, the hollow rods 14, 16, 18, 20 can likewise be held by corresponding pin elements which extend from a holder extending in the edge region of the opening of the tool 30.

The sliding element 40 can have a length in the direction of the tool longitudinal axis which can correspond approximately to the length of the respective sleeve 148, 149, with the exception of its front conical end section 155.

The pin-shaped holders (rod elements 150, 151) and the sliding element 40 serve to fix the reinforcing rods 14, 16, 18, 20 within the tool 30 in their position.

Preferably, the reinforcing rods 14, 16, 18, 20 are formed as tube or hollow rods. But it is also possible to use solid rods or solid tubes, which are hollow in the areas in which the pin or rod elements 150, 151 are to penetrate for fixing.

At the beginning of filling of the tool with the at least partially melted thermoplastic material, the sliding element 40 is in the region of the inlet opening of the tool 30.

If the tool 30 is now filled with at least partially melted thermoplastic material - this is done in particular by an axial press -, then the plate-shaped element 40 is displaced in the direction of the rear side of the tool 30.

If the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 are in the region of the boundary wall of the tool 30, a relatively rapid cooling of the at least partially melted thermoplastic material takes place in this area and thus solidification, whereby a positional fixation of the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 takes place in the area which extends between the filling opening of the tool and the cuboid sliding element 40, which again in Fig. 6 is shown. One recognizes the passage openings, which are conically widened on the input and output side and which are penetrated by the reinforcement elements 14, 16, 18, 20.

A lateral bending of the reinforcing elements 14, 16, 18, 20 is avoided, in particular, in that pin-shaped elements extend within their ends, as has been explained in connection with the pin elements 150, 151 running in the rear region of the tool 30.

If the tool 30 is filled with the thermoplastic material, then the tool is closed on the front side so that a pressure can build up or the pressure is maintained.

Due to the external structure of the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20, the reinforcing bars 14, 16, 18, 20 are positively locked by the solidified thermoplastic material, so that regardless of the different coefficients of expansion, the difference is at least 10 ^-1 × K ^-1 - A longitudinal displacement is omitted, which in turn ensures the desired bending stiffness and strength of the molding.

The cross-sectional areas of the reinforcing elements 14, 16, 18, 20 should be between 2% and 15% of the total cross-sectional area of the shaped body 10. Preferably, the value should be between 2.5% and 10%.

Inventive moldings may be formed, for example, as railway sleepers. Such a threshold 100 is in Fig. 2 shown. In the exemplary embodiment, a total of four reinforcement bars 114, 116, 118, 120 are provided within the molded body 100, which run in such a way that screwing in of screws is not hindered in order to fix rail fastening or ribbed plates 130, 132 on the upper side of the threshold 100 can.

The reinforcing bars 114, 116, 118, 120 may be arranged in pairs symmetrically to a plane of symmetry which is parallel to the top or bottom of the threshold 100 or to the longitudinal sides.

Before demoulding the moldings 10, 100, they are forcibly cooled in order then to be expelled from the mold 30. In this case, a problem-free removal of the pin-shaped sections 152, 153 takes place.

Advantage of the use of existing plastic reinforcing elements 14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120 is also that a problem-free cutting of the moldings 10, 100 can be done, especially at the place of use.

Another advantage of the rod-shaped reinforcing elements compared to the double-T beam as a reinforcing element after the US 5 609 295 A1 among other things, cost advantage can be achieved; because the reinforcing elements are expensive compared to the matrix material.

Due to the small cross-sectional area of the reinforcing elements and their distance from one another, the cost-effective matrix material absorbs shear forces. These are incorporated in the prior art using a double T-beam through the web.

Claims (15)

Shaped body (10, 100) comprising a basic body (12) consisting of thermoplastic material or comprising it with reinforcements (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) running in its longitudinal direction, having a structure that is independent of the structure thermoplastic material is positively enclosed,
characterized,
in that the reinforcing element (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) is rod-shaped and consists of a solid or hollow rod made of plastic or an existing tubular element and has on the outside a tooth structure such as a wave structure. Shaped body according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the reinforcing element (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) consists of a material whose coefficient of linear expansion deviates at least 10 ^-1 × K ^-1 from that of the thermoplastic material, and in that the rod-shaped reinforcing element (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP). Shaped body according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that the shaped body (10, 100) consists of particles (22, 24, 26) fused at least partially superficially, wherein preferably the thermoplastic material consists of a mixture of polymers, in particular polyolefins, in particular one or more materials from the group polyethylene, polypropylene, Polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene etherphthalate, polycarbonate, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadine-styrene, polymethylmicroacrylate, polysterene. Shaped body according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the shaped body (10, 100) has in its longitudinal direction at least four rod-like reinforcing elements (14, 16, 18, 20), wherein the rod-shaped reinforcing elements in pairs are symmetrical to a plane of symmetry. Shaped body according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing elements (14, 16, 18, 20) is 2% to 15%, preferably 2.5% to 10%, of the cross-sectional area of the shaped body (10, 100). Method for producing a shaped body (10, 100) consisting of or containing thermoplastic material and in the longitudinal direction of which at least one reinforcement (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) extends, comprising at least the method steps at least partial melting of particles consisting of thermoplastic material in a mixing device, - Pressing the at least partially melted thermoplastic material in an outer geometry of the shaped body (10, 100) predetermining tool (30) in the longitudinal direction of at least one rod-shaped reinforcing element (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) than the Reinforcement extends, wherein the thermoplastic material is pressed against a displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the tool on the inner cross section of the tool adapted sliding element (40) which is penetrated by the at least one reinforcing element. Method according to claim 6,
characterized,
that shredded recycled thermoplastic material and optionally talcum is supplied to the mixing device, wherein preferably as a thermoplastic material is a mixture of polymers, in particular Polyolefins, in particular one or more materials selected from the group polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene ether, polycarbonate, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadine-styrene, polymethylmicroacrylate, polysterene is used, in particular average size of the particles between 1.0 cm and 3.0 cm In particular, as a thermoplastic material, a mixture of particles is used, which consist of presorted recycled and in particular shredded plastic materials. Method according to claim 6 or 7,
characterized,
that the tool is closed on the inlet side after filling with the thermoplastic material and then preferably forcibly cooled. Method according to at least one of claims 6 to 8,
characterized,
that the particles are heated in the mixer to a maximum temperature T with 130 ° C ≤ T ≤ 160 ° C, in particular T ≈ 150 ° C. Method according to at least one of claims 6 to 9,
characterized,
in that the reinforcement element is received on the one hand by the inlet opening of the tool opposite end side outgoing holder (140) for fixing the position of the at least one rod-shaped reinforcing element (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) in the tool (30) and on the other hand the plate-like sliding element (40) passes through. Method according to at least one of claims 6 to 10,
characterized,
in that the reinforcing element (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120) is fixed inside the tool by means of the holder (140), in particular by a pin element (150, 151) extending inside the reinforcing element. Method according to at least one of claims 6 to 11,
characterized,
that compounded shredded plastic material is pressed into the tool (30) by means of an axial press. Method according to at least one of claims 6 to 12,
characterized,
that the shaped body is used as a railway sleeper (100). Tool (30) for producing a molded body (10, 100) of thermoplastic material comprising a hollow cuboid housing with a sliding element (40) displaceable in the longitudinal direction thereof, which extends from rod-shaped reinforcing elements (14, 16, 18, 20, 114) inside the tool , 116, 118, 120) is penetrated, wherein from the rear end face region of the tool, a holder with pin-shaped elements (150, 151) emanates, which are partially received by the reinforcing elements. Tool according to claim 14,
characterized.
in that the length of the sleeve-like elements corresponds to the extension of the sliding element (40) in the longitudinal direction of the housing, and / or that of the opening-side end face area of the tool (FIG. 14). 30) go out pin-shaped elements which extend at least partially within the hollow bar-shaped reinforcing elements (14, 16, 18, 20, 114, 116, 118, 120).

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